2019-2020学年衡阳市第四中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年衡阳市第四中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
The history ofpop art begins with abstract art. Pop art emerged from the foundation of abstract art in the 1950s, first gaining recognition in Great Britain, then establishing itself in the United States in the 1960s.
In the 1930s and 1940s, abstract art was greatly popular, but people began to hate this art form. Most abstract art produced in this era could be found in art galleries or the homes of the elite(名流), not in the homes of everyday people. Pop art sprung onto the scene as the people's art.
Some art critics say pop art is a rebellion against abstract art; others say it is an extension of abstract art. You can see elements of abstract art in many pop art prints, especially those that consist of a collage（拼贴画）of images. However, some pop art pieces have nothing to do with abstract art, looking more like a photo of a popular consumer item, which impressed people deeply.
Richard Hamilton and Eduardo Paolozzi were two of the first contemporary pop art pioneers recognised in Great Britain. They were a part of the Independent Group, an organised group of British artists who wanted to challenge ruling modernist approaches to culture. They recognised the value of modern advertising and comic book images. They used these popular images in art as a social commentary, often building irony and humour into their artworks, thus creating a new form of art. These pieces were mass-produced and sold at affordable prices.
When pop art took off in the United States, it expanded to include a celebration of kitsch and the common images found in movies and television. Andy Wharhol is perhaps the most famous American pop art artist, known for his prints of the actress Marilyn Monroe, the singer Elvis Presley and of Campbell's soup cans. Andy Wharhol was inspired by images from advertisements and common consumer items. He also made a series of paintings which showed images of car accidents.
1. Why did people dislike abstract art?
A. People found it hard to understand.
B. Ordinary people couldn't afford it.
C. People disliked enjoying it in galleries.
D. It wasn't based on everyday life.
2. What impression do pop art works leave on people?
A. They are a rebellion against abstract art.
B. They have many elements of abstract art.
C. They are created so real.
D. They are products of advertisers.
3. The Independent Group was set up to ________.
A. introduce a new art form to the world
B. develop modern advertising further
C. create new comic book images
D. make British culture better known
B
A male tiger was rescued in Mishan city, Northeast China's Heilongjiang province, on Friday. A tiger was recently seen on the Siner Russian border（边界），but there is no evidence to suggest this is the same tiger or that it had lost its way from Russia.
Wherever it may have come from, cross-border protection of endangered species is a problem. According to Ma Jianzhang, a senior wild animal researcher in China, tigers know no borders, which have been built to stop humans from illegally crossing over. However, these borders also stop the free movement of tigers, thus preventing their breeding（繁殖）and exchange of genes.
The Sino-Russian border alsocomes in the way ofprotecting tigers in the region. Data show about 500 to 550 Siberian tigers, or over 90 percent of the species, live in the wild in Russia; 27 live in the wild in China, and 50 inthe border region. Sometimes tigers lose their way across the border and that is hindering（妨碍）efforts to stop illegal hunting and protecting them.
Fortunately, both China and Russia have realized this problem and are working toward solving it. As early as 2010, the two countries established a cross-border protection network aimed at strengthening communication on protecting tigers in the northeast. The countries have also held anti-poaching（反偷猎）activities together. In 2019, two national parks from the two countries signed a three-year deal to share research data on tigers, greatly improving the living conditions of Siberian tigers in the wild.
However, much more needs to be done to protect the species. It is necessary to combine the tiger protection areas in the two countries. That will require greater efforts from both sides and some difficulties might remain even then. Fortunately, both countries have been taking effective measures to provide the endangered species a better home.
4. What's the original purpose of setting up the Sino-Russian borders?
A. To ban people from illegal crossings.
B. To help protect tigers in the region.
C. To protect tigers from losing their way.
D. To stop tigers' breeding and exchange of genes.
5. What does the underlined phrase “comes in the way of” probably mean?
A. keeps from.
B. is on the way to
C. is aimed at
D. keeps up
6. What is the focus of Paragraph 4 ?
A. Recent studies and researches on tigers.
B. Joint efforts by China and Russia to protect tigers.
C. The possible effects of establishing a network
D. Reasons for improving the living conditions of tigers.
7. What's the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To inform the possible dangers of tiger protection.
B. To cover the news about a missing tiger on the border.
C. To put forward suggestions on finding the missing tiger.
D. To report the problems and measures of cross-border tiger protection.
C
Global food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.
The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.
“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”
The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.
This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.
Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.
According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy
nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.
The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.
“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.
8. What is the best title of this passage?
A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050
B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the Future
C. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their Hands
D. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields
9. The character of the extensive farming is ________.
A. very cost-effective
B. to produce more crops per acre
C. at cost of more new land to produce more food
D. very environmentally friendly
10. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farming
B. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farming
C. the intensive farming needs less food producers
D. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems
11. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.
A. poorer nations
B. the effects of extensive farming
C. wealthy nations
D.future food demand
D
Hidden beneath the surface in the roots of Earths astonishing and diverse plant life, there exists a biological superhighway linking together the members of the plant kingdom in what researchers call the "wood wide web".
The network is comprised of thin threads of fungus (真菌) that grow outwards underground up to a few
meters from its partnering plant, meaning that all of the plant life within a region likely connected to one another. The partnership is beneficial for both parties involved, plants provide carbohydrates (碳水化合物) to the funguses and in exchange, the funguses aid in gathering water and providing nutrients to its partnering plant.
A study conducted by Rensen Zeng of theSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversityfound that this also allowed for plants to warn one another of potential harm. The study showed Broad Beans used the fungal network to spy on one another for upcoming danger.
Like our Internet, this fungal connectivity is also full of crime. Some plants, such as Golden Marigolds have been found to release poisons into the network to slow down the growth of surrounding plants in the fight for water and light. Other plants, such as the Phantom Orchid, do not have the chlorophyll (叶绿素) and must get the necessary nutrients from surrounding plants.
Research suggests that animals such as insects and worms may be able to detect slight exchanges of nutrients through the network, allowing them to more easily find delicious roots to feed on; however, this has not been conclusively made clear in experimentation. The more we learn about this phenomenon, the more our understanding of the plant life of our planet will continue to change. Perhaps one day, we may be able to map out these complex networks entirely.
12. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A.To explain the aim of the web.
B. To introduce the main topic.
C. To give definition of diverse life.
D. To show the importance of plants.
13. The criminal behavior of plants can be seen as a way to________.
A. compete for survival
B. gather more water
C. take in sunlight
D. break natural rules
14. What does the last paragraph suggest?
A. Animals can also feed on the fungus.
B. Nutrient exchanges are too slight to detect.
C. No experiment can prove the phenomenon.
D. More needs to be done to work out the network.
15. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. The Partnership between Plants
B. The Unknown Roots of the Earth
C. The Superhighway Linking the Plants
D. The Mysterious Map Changing the World
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Ways to Fight Microplastics at Home
Our consumption of microplastics is shocking-from 39,000 to 52,000 particles each year per person.___16___We do know, however, that many plastics contain harmful chemicals. Fortunately, there are some tips to reduce the amount you take in.
___17___According to one study, of 259 bottles of water from major companies such as Nestle and Evian, 93% revealed microplastic pollution. A small number of single-use plastic bottles contained as many as 10,000 microparticles. It is wise to drink and use clean tap water or water sold in glass bottles.
Choose natural fabrics (织物). Many of the fabrics we use every day are made from plastic. In 2016, 65 million tons of plastic went into making fabrics around the world. Tiny bits of plastic fall off these fabrics during production, wearing, washing, and disposal.___18___To limityour contribution, buy fabrics made of natural products such as cotton, wool, silk, and even bamboo.
Clean up your clothes. It may be tough to remove all microplastic fibers from your clothing. Plus, a single load of washed and dried clothing can release a million microplastic particles into the water supply. Still, all hope is not lost. You can remove microplastics by fixing a filter (过滤器) in your washing machine and air-drying your clothes.___19___
Stop microwaving plastic containers.___20___Make sure that the containers in your home are microwave safe. And if you use plastic to store your food in the refrigerator, be sure to put itin a glass or china container before heating it in the microwave.
A. Stay away from single-use plastics.
B. Much of that plastic goes into waterways.
C. It's not clear how they affect the human body.
D. Avoid drinking from disposable plastic bottles.
E. Buy your tea loose and use an old-fashion tea cup .
F. There are plenty of other ways to “green" your laundry routine.
G. The warmer a plastic container is, the more plastic it is likely to drop.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I live in a rural community in the United States. A rural area is different from a city because there are___21___people. My home is deep in a valley___22___by mountains that are rocky and covered in trees.___23___many farms are located in rural areas because they require large plots of land to grow food or___24___farm animals, in my community the mountains and___25___soil make it difficult to farm. This is one___26___why few people live in my area.
What’s it like to live in the mountains? Since we have a lot of___27___, we get to have horses and chickens. My family___28___eggs from the chickens for breakfast. We also lose electricity a lot because the trees fall on power lines whenever there’s a___29___In my community, people keep battery- powered flashlights and oil lamps stored in case the lights___30___. Some people also use a generator-- a machine that generates electricity from gasoline—whenever there are___31___
Going to school in a rural area means having fewer classmates and___32___longer distances. To get to my high school, I must drive forty miles to the___33___city. This means I must get up much earlier than my___34___classmates in order to be on time. The roads in my community aren’t paved with asphalt(沥青) either, so during storms they___35___become too muddy or snowy to pass. In cities a snowplow(扫雪机)___36___quickly, but areas where fewer people live aren’t the priority(优先), so days can pass before a snowplow___37___theroad. Sometimes I must miss school because storms make it____38____to drive.
I am not sure____39____if I want to live in the country or in the city when I grow up. I like being in nature, hearing the creek and the birds, and having a big yard. I also like being in the city, though, where I can go howling or skating, or see my friends. It can get____40____in the country, although I do love being around our animals.
21. A. few B. many C. fewer D. more
22. A. surrounded B. hidden C. shadowed D. enriched
23. A. When B. While C. Because D. If
24. A. feed B. grow C. train D. house
25. A. rich B. muddy C. rock D. snowy
26. A. explanation B. cause C. excuse D. reason
27. A. space B. room C. place D. land
28. A. lays B. harvests C. buys D. picks
29. A. storm B. thunder C. lighting D. shower
30. A. put out B. wear out C. run out D. go out
31. A. dangers B. risks C. emergencies D. incidents
32. A. walking B. running C. driving D. traveling
33. A. nearby B. distant C. nearest D. farthest
34. A. rural B. city C. old D. new
35. A. can B. may C. must D. should
36. A. comes by B. comes about C. comes to D. comes out
37. A. cleans B. digs C. clears D. covers
38. A. likely B. necessary C. improper D. impossible
39. A. still B. yet C. even D. as
40. A. quiet B. lonely C. alone D. busy
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live longer than those who dropped out of high school.____41.____the average American's expected span has been flat in recent years, and____42.____surprising）even fell between 2015 and 2017, that of the one- third with a bachelor's degree has continued to lengthen.
This difference is growing, according to the new research____43.____（publish）in the National Academy of Sciences. Scientists found that the life spans（寿命）of those with and without a bachelor's degree started to____44.____（different）in the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even____45.____（wide）in the 2010s.
What is the link____46.____schooling and longevity? Some argue that better-educated people develop various healthier____47.____（lifestyle）：each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more,____48.____in turn is associated with greater health.
Researchers argue that changes in labour markets____49.____（reduce）the supply of well-paid jobs for____50.____（that）without a degree in the past few years. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other "deaths of despair" .
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.单句改错
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

Only if we do enough self-protection, we stay away from Covid-19.
I’m working on my essay. Would you mind turn down your music a little bit?
Sometimes, I start the second declaration first and sometimes, I start the first declaration the second time. Simon is such responsible a boy that he is chosen chairman of the Student Union.
As time going by, the virus will probably become weaker and less active.
We are still in the middle of 2020, that is considered to be an eventful year.
Apart from self-protection, we have no choice but wait for the vaccine.
To avoid be trapped in heavy traffic at the rush hour, I usually take the subway to work.
Henry became addictive to online games, which had a bad effect on his schoolwork.
Quite a lot of species have been died out so far, resulting from urbanization.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是John Li，你在英国学习时认识的朋友Daniel即将来苏州中学交换学习，向你咨询具体情况，请给他写一封邮件，内容包括；
1.对你在英国时他给你提供的帮助表示感谢；
2.表示欢迎，并简单介绍在苏州中学学习生活的情况；
3.介绍需要提前做的准备，至少两点；
4.表达祝愿。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Daniel,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
John Li
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. A
6. B
7. D
8. C 9. C 10. D 11. A
12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
16. C 17. D 18. B 19. F 20. G
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32.
D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. B
41. Although/Though/While
42. surprisingly
43. published
44. differ 45. wider
46. between
47. lifestyles
48. which 49. have reduced
50. those
51.(1). 在if后加will
(2). turn→turning
(3). 最后一个the→a
(4). such→so
(5). going→goes
(6). that→which
(7). 在but后加to
(8). be→being
(9). addictive→addicted
(10). 去掉been
【81题详解】
考查部分倒装。

句意：只有我们做足够的自我保护，我们才能远离Covid-19。

分析句子，only if 译为“只要……就，只有”，放句首时后面的句子要部分倒装(助动词/be 动词/情态动词+主语)。

分析句意，此处的时态应用一般将来时，所以此处需在主语前加将来时的助动词will。

故在if和we之间加will。

【82题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：我正在写我的论文。

你介意把音乐关小一点吗? would you mind doing sth 介意做某事吗，是固定短语。

故将turn改为turing。

【83题详解】
考查冠词。

句意：有时，我先开始第二次声明，有时，我再次开始第一次声明。

分析句子,the +序数词表示第……；a/an+序数词表示再一,又一。

根据句意，后句应表示“再次开始第一次声明”。

故将第二the 改为a。

【84题详解】
考查副词。

句意：西蒙是一个很负责任的男孩，他被选为学生会主席。

分析句子，such的词性是形容不可修饰responsible(负责的)；副词可以修饰形容词。

故将such改为so。

【85题详解】
考查时态。

句意：随着时间的推移，病毒可能会变得越来越弱，越来越不活跃。

as译为“随着”后接句子，动词要体现时态。

分析句子，此处表示客观实在性。

所以go的时态要用一般现在时。

go的主语是不可数名词。

故将going改为goes。

【86题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。

句意：我们还处在2020年年中，被认为是多事之秋。

分析句子，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，而关系代词that不能引导“非限”，此处先行词指物。

故将that改为which。

【87题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：除了自我保护，我们别无选择，只能等待疫苗。

分析句子，have no choice but to do sth 译为“别无选择只能……”是固定短语。

故在but和wait间加to。

【88题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：为了避免在高峰时间被困在拥挤的交通中，我通常乘地铁去上班。

avoid doing sth 译为“避免做某事”是固定短语。

故将be改为being。

【89题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：亨利沉迷于网络游戏，这对他的学业造成了不良影响。

be/ become addicted to (doing) sth 译为沉迷（做）某事。

是固定短语。

故将addictive改为addicted。

【90题详解】
考查主动语态。

句意：由于城市化，到目前为止已经有很多物种灭绝了。

分析句子，die out 译为“灭绝；消失”没有被动语态。

故been多余，应去掉
52.略。