英语讲稿-web简介
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But what is a Web server? Web server software refers to the software that enables a computer to deliver Web pages written in HTML to client machines on a network that request this service by sending an HTTP request.
2/8/2022
Aside from responding to requests fprovide some additional basic capabilities such as the following:
•File Transfer Protocol (FTP)—This protocol allows users to transfer files to and from the server. Some sites limit file uploads to the Web server, while others restrict downloads, depending on the user’s identity.
2/8/2022
2 Hypertext
Web pages can be accessed through the Internet because the Web browser software operating your PC can request Web pages stored on an Internet host server using the HTTP protocol. Hypertext is a way of formatting pages with embedded links that connect documents to one another, and that also link pages to other objects such as sound, video, or animation files. When you click on a graphic and a video clip plays, you have clicked on a hyperlink. the most common Web page formatting language is HTML.
2/8/2022
3 Web Servers And Clients
A server is a computer attached to a network that stores files, controls peripheral devices, interfaces with the outside world—including the Internet—and does some processing for other computers on the network.
2/8/2022
A Web client, on the other hand, is any computing device attached to the Internet that is capable of making HTTP requests and displaying HTML pages. The most common client is a Windows PC.
2/8/2022
Aside from the generic Web server software packages, there are actually many types of specialized servers on the Web, from database servers that access specific information with a database, to ad servers that deliver targeted banner ads, to mail servers that provide mail messages, and video servers that provide video clips. At a small e-commerce site, all of these software packages might be running on a single machine, with a single processor. At a large corporate site, there may be hundreds of discrete machines, many with multiple processors, running specialized Web server functions described above.
2/8/2022
• Data capture — Web servers are also helpful at monitoring site traffic, capturing information on who has visited a site, how long the user stayed there, the date and time of each visit, and which specific pages on the server were accessed. This information is compiled and saved in a log file, which can then be analyzed by a user log file. By analyzing a log file, a site manager can find out the total number of visitors, average length of each visit, and the most popular destinations, or Web pages.
1 Introduction of Web
❖ The invention of the Web brought an extraordinary expansion of digital services to millions of amateur computer users, including color text and pages, formatted text, pictures, animations, video, and sound.
2/8/2022
The HTTP Protocol
❖ HTTP is the first set of letters at the start of every Web address, followed by the domain name. The domain name specifies the organization’s server computer that is housing the document. Most companies have a domain name that is the same as or closely related to their official corporate name. The directory path and document name are two more pieces of information within the Web address that help the browser track down the requested page. Together, the address is called a Uniform Resource Locator, or URL. When typed into a browser, a URL tells it exactly where to look for the information.
❖ In short, the Web makes nearly all the rich elements of human expression needed to establish a commercial marketplace available to non-technical computer users worldwide.
2/8/2022
• Security services—These consist mainly of authentication services that verify that the person trying to access the site is authorized to do so. For Web sites that process payment transactions, the Web server also supports Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), the Internet protocol for transmitting and receiving information securely over the Internet. When private information such as names, phone numbers, addresses, and credit card data need to be provided to a Web site, the Web server uses SSL to ensure that the data passing back and forth from the browser to the server is not compromised.
2/8/2022
HTML Language
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) provides Web page designers with a fixed set of markup “tags” that are used to format a Web page. When these tags are inserted into a Web page, they are read by the browser and interpreted into a page display. You can see the source HTML code for any Web page by simply clicking on the “Page Source” command found in all browsers.
2/8/2022
• Search engine—Just as search engine sites enable users to search the entire Web for particular documents, search engine modules within the basic Web server software package enable indexing of the site’s Web pages and content, and permit easy keyword searching of the site’s content. When conducting a search, a search engine makes use of an index, which is a list of all the documents on the server. The search term is compared to the index to identify likely matches.
2/8/2022
Aside from responding to requests fprovide some additional basic capabilities such as the following:
•File Transfer Protocol (FTP)—This protocol allows users to transfer files to and from the server. Some sites limit file uploads to the Web server, while others restrict downloads, depending on the user’s identity.
2/8/2022
2 Hypertext
Web pages can be accessed through the Internet because the Web browser software operating your PC can request Web pages stored on an Internet host server using the HTTP protocol. Hypertext is a way of formatting pages with embedded links that connect documents to one another, and that also link pages to other objects such as sound, video, or animation files. When you click on a graphic and a video clip plays, you have clicked on a hyperlink. the most common Web page formatting language is HTML.
2/8/2022
3 Web Servers And Clients
A server is a computer attached to a network that stores files, controls peripheral devices, interfaces with the outside world—including the Internet—and does some processing for other computers on the network.
2/8/2022
A Web client, on the other hand, is any computing device attached to the Internet that is capable of making HTTP requests and displaying HTML pages. The most common client is a Windows PC.
2/8/2022
Aside from the generic Web server software packages, there are actually many types of specialized servers on the Web, from database servers that access specific information with a database, to ad servers that deliver targeted banner ads, to mail servers that provide mail messages, and video servers that provide video clips. At a small e-commerce site, all of these software packages might be running on a single machine, with a single processor. At a large corporate site, there may be hundreds of discrete machines, many with multiple processors, running specialized Web server functions described above.
2/8/2022
• Data capture — Web servers are also helpful at monitoring site traffic, capturing information on who has visited a site, how long the user stayed there, the date and time of each visit, and which specific pages on the server were accessed. This information is compiled and saved in a log file, which can then be analyzed by a user log file. By analyzing a log file, a site manager can find out the total number of visitors, average length of each visit, and the most popular destinations, or Web pages.
1 Introduction of Web
❖ The invention of the Web brought an extraordinary expansion of digital services to millions of amateur computer users, including color text and pages, formatted text, pictures, animations, video, and sound.
2/8/2022
The HTTP Protocol
❖ HTTP is the first set of letters at the start of every Web address, followed by the domain name. The domain name specifies the organization’s server computer that is housing the document. Most companies have a domain name that is the same as or closely related to their official corporate name. The directory path and document name are two more pieces of information within the Web address that help the browser track down the requested page. Together, the address is called a Uniform Resource Locator, or URL. When typed into a browser, a URL tells it exactly where to look for the information.
❖ In short, the Web makes nearly all the rich elements of human expression needed to establish a commercial marketplace available to non-technical computer users worldwide.
2/8/2022
• Security services—These consist mainly of authentication services that verify that the person trying to access the site is authorized to do so. For Web sites that process payment transactions, the Web server also supports Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), the Internet protocol for transmitting and receiving information securely over the Internet. When private information such as names, phone numbers, addresses, and credit card data need to be provided to a Web site, the Web server uses SSL to ensure that the data passing back and forth from the browser to the server is not compromised.
2/8/2022
HTML Language
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) provides Web page designers with a fixed set of markup “tags” that are used to format a Web page. When these tags are inserted into a Web page, they are read by the browser and interpreted into a page display. You can see the source HTML code for any Web page by simply clicking on the “Page Source” command found in all browsers.
2/8/2022
• Search engine—Just as search engine sites enable users to search the entire Web for particular documents, search engine modules within the basic Web server software package enable indexing of the site’s Web pages and content, and permit easy keyword searching of the site’s content. When conducting a search, a search engine makes use of an index, which is a list of all the documents on the server. The search term is compared to the index to identify likely matches.