上海版牛津英语S1BU1学习辅导材料

上海版⽜津英语S1BU1学习辅导材料
上海版⽜津英语S1B U 1 学习辅导材料（2012.02）
词语学习
【词义辨析】beneath below under
beneath prep.在...下⽅，在...下⾯，还可指“隐藏在事物表⾯下”。

例如：
A three-storeyed parking lot is beneath the shopping mail.
⼀个三层的停车场在⼤卖场下⾯。

below prep.在下；低于。

例如：
His learning marks are always below the average. 他的学习成绩总在平均⽔平以下。

under prep. 在...之下（正下⽅），在...的进⾏之中。

例如：
They found a stream had formed and was flowing right under their table.
他们发现⼀条⼩溪已经形成正好从他们的桌⼦底下流过。

role n.⾓⾊例如：
He plays the leading role in that film. 他在那部电影中扮演主⾓。

【常⽤搭配】 a leading role；the main role 主⾓
play an important role / part in 其主要作⽤例如：
He is playing a more and more important role in his class.
他在班级⾥起着越来越重要的作⽤。

kidnap n.绑架；劫持(kidnap, kidnapped, kidnapping) 例如:
A foreigner is kidnapped by terrorists. ⼀个外国⼈被恐怖分⼦绑架了。

【同根词】kidnapper绑架者；绑匪例如：
these kidnappers are very cruel. 这些绑匪⾮常残忍。

audience n.听众；观众这个词是集合名词，表⽰整体概念时，动词⽤单数；表⽰个体概念时，动词⽤复数。

the whole audience 全体观众（后⾯不加-s）例如：
The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the Mamamiya.
妈妈咪呀⾸次公演之夜观众⾮常热情。

All the audience were laughing. 所有的观众多⼤笑着。

suffering n. 痛苦，苦难（suffer的动名词）例如：
This war has caused widespread human suffering. 这场战争许许多多的⼈带来了苦难。

【同根词】suffer v. 受苦；受损；患病例如：
He suffers from stomachache. 他患有胃痛。

【词组】
opera house 歌剧院
fall in love with 爱上（某⼈）
at birth 在出⽣时
pull off 撕下；扯下
for oneself 为某⼈⾃⼰；亲⾃；独⾃be shocked at 对...感到震惊take/bring somebody to safety 把…带到安全地带
feel sorry for 怜悯；同情
burst in 闯进；突然破门⽽⼊
concert hall ⾳乐厅
elevated road ⾼架道路
drown out 压过bring back to life 恢复⽣⽓
the British Royal Philharmonic Orchestra 英国皇家爱乐乐团
Reading课⽂中⽂译⽂
剧院魅影
读⼀读这篇改写⾃⼩说《剧院魅影》的短篇故事。

巴黎歌剧院是⼀座巨⼤的建筑，剧院下⾯有⼀个怪异、⿊暗的湖泊。

湖上有⼀个⼩岛，⼀
百年前，⼩岛上住着⼀个幽灵。

幽灵出⽣时长得很丑，他母亲不得不给他带上个⾯具。

他很⼩的时候母亲就把它赶出了家门。

他四处游荡多年之后，在⼩岛上找了个安⾝之所。

但是，这位妖怪样的男⼦却⾮常喜欢唱歌，并且歌声⾮常动⼈。

幽灵爱上了歌剧院⾥⼀位叫克⾥斯汀的美丽的年轻⼥歌⼿，他经常在深夜唱歌给克⾥斯汀听，并总是躲在她房间⾥⼀垛隐秘的墙壁后⾯唱，怕的是她看到⾃⼰的怪脸。

幽灵还教克⾥斯汀唱歌的技巧，帮她获得饰演歌剧⾥更好⾓⾊的机会。

克⾥斯汀也喜欢听他的歌声。

然⽽幽灵只希望克⾥斯汀属于他⼀个⼈，他当着所有观众的⾯从舞台上绑架了她，然后把她带到湖上他⾃⼰的密室⾥。

只有⼀位⾮常勇敢的年轻男⼈跟着幽灵，他就是深爱着克⾥斯汀的拉乌尔。

拉乌尔试图救出克⾥斯汀，但幽灵抓住了他并把他关了起来。

在幽灵的家⾥，克⾥斯汀撕下了幽灵的⾯具，见到了他的本来⾯⽬。

克⾥斯汀⾸先感到很震惊，因为她看到幽灵那张可怕的脸上没有⿐⼦，眼睛是黄黄的。

但随后她更为幽灵的苦难感到⾮常的难过。

她明⽩他的⽣活是多么的孤独。

她温柔地亲吻了他的脸。

以前从没有⼥⼈碰过幽灵，克⾥斯汀的吻使得他喜极⽽泣。

他释放了乌拉尔，还让他把克⾥斯汀带到安全地⽅。

就在这时，⼀⼤群⼈来到幽灵的住处，闯进他的房间，要杀死他。

然⽽幽灵就消失了，并且再也没有出现过。

课⽂重点句⼦分析
⼀. On this lake was an island. 湖上有⼀个⼩岛。

（此句是完全倒装句。

）
英语中的完全倒装句的⽤法：
在英语中，我们把主语在前谓语动词在后的句⼦叫陈述句，把谓语动词放在主语前⾯的句⼦叫倒装句。

如果全部谓语放在主语之前，叫完全倒装。

1. 当句⾸状语为表⽰地点的介词词组时，常将其全部倒装。

例如：
South of the city lies a big steel factory. 城市南边有⼀家⼤型钢⼚。

From the valley came a frightening sound. 从⼭⾕⾥传来了可怕的声⾳。

2⽤于there be 句型。

例如：
There are some students in the classroom. 教室⾥有⼏位学⽣。

There is a tall tree in front of the classroom. 教室的前⾯有⼀棵⼤树。

3. ⽤于“here ( there, now, then )＋不及物动词＋主语”的句型中，或以in, out, up, down, away 等副词开头的句⼦⾥，以表⽰强调。

例如：
Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。

Here goes the bell. 铃响了。

Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。

Out went the children. 孩
⼦们出去了。

注意：(1 )主语是代词时,主语和谓语不倒装。

( 2 ) here , there 放在句⾸通常⽤⼀般现在时。

例如：Here it is. 给你。

（你要的东西在这⼉。

）Here he comes. 他来了。

4. 表语置于句⾸时，倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”：
(1 )形容词＋连系动词＋主语例如：
Present at the meeting were Mr. Li，Mr. Wang and many other teachers.
出席会议的有李⽼师、王⽼师和其他很多⽼师。

( 2 )过去分词＋连系动词＋主语例如：
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil. 我们使⽤洋油的⽇⼦⼀去不复返了。

(3 ) 介词短语＋be ＋主语例如：
Among the goods are books，exercise-books，pens and some other things.
在所有的货物中有书、练习册、钢笔和其他东西。

5. ⽤于so, neither, nor 开头的句⼦，表⽰重复前句的部分内容。

原句的谓语应与前句的谓语的时态、形式相⼀致。

例如：He has been to Canada. So have I. 他去过加拿⼤，我也去过。

You can‘t speak French. Neither can she. 你不会说法语，她也不会。

6. 为了保持句⼦平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或是上下⽂紧密衔接时。

例如：
They arrived at a small village，in front of which was a big river.
他们来到⼀个⼩村庄，村庄前⾯是条⼤河。

Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.
在⾦字塔⾥⾯有埋葬国王和王后的墓室。

⼆. Christine ...... saw the real man. 克⾥斯汀…见到了他的本来⾯⽬。

与real相关的词汇有：actual, true.
real 可以表⽰相对于“假的”的“真的”，即某物外表与其实质之间的⼀致性，其所表⽰的“真实的”实际上指的是“客观存在”。

例如：
That is a real dog, not a toy. 这是⼀只真狗，不是玩具狗。

actual指真实存在的,⾮想象的。

这个词总包含着动作的进⾏,当然这与其词根act⽆不关系。

例如：I can‘t give the actual figures. 我不能举出实际的数字。

true “真的”，符合⼀定标准的、符合⼀定模式的。

“真实的”，符合真实情况。

例如：Is it true that you are rich? 你是真的很富有吗？
三. She understood how lonely his life had been. 她明⽩他的⽣活是多么的孤独。

本句how引导的感叹句在主从复合句中作宾语从句。

如果改写成what 引导的宾语从句，本句可写成She understood what a lonely life he had lived.
lonely 虽有-ly结尾，但不是副词，是形容词，意思是：孤独的；寂寞的；偏僻的。

alone 可以是形容词，也可以是副词，相当于by oneself ，意思是“独⾃⼀⼈的（地）”。

单元练习题
2. The director who had just won the award of Golden Bear in the Berlin International Film Festival
________ when he made a speech to thank everybody present at the ceremony.
3. Everyone on the scene of the quarrel ________ the rudeness(⽆礼) of the woman.
4. The celebrities are afraid of _______ persons who only aim to take advantage of their fame(利⽤他
们的知名度).
5. The police felt sorry for the mistake they had made and promised to ________ the innocent man as
soon as possible.
6. They were arguing bitterly(厉害地) when the engine of the passing-by aeroplane ________ their
voice..
7. ________ the challenges, the world will give way to anyone with a brave heart.
8. In the latest season of the TV series Desperate Housewives(电视剧《绝望的主妇》), we found one
character dead in the last season return to the story. He was mysteriously(神秘地) ________ by the script(剧本) writers.
9. If someone says he ________ help you any time you need, it means he‘s really willing to do that.
Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the verb given in the bracket.
10. Wearing a man's suit, Ms. Yip looks smarter, and she can move ________ (free).
11. After that, she went to America, where she studied the violin and ________ (conduct).
12. Is it ________ (like) that Cheri will give up her career when she gets married?
13. Quite a lot of Americans ________ (origin) came from Britain?
14. Have you seen the latest ________ (design) for the new dresses?
15. This medicine will give you ________ (release) from pain.
Ⅲ. Cloze.
The Grand Paris Opera House managers hear from ballet dancer Meg Giry about the Opera Ghost's private box, Box Five on the grand tier (排). They refuse to believe such nonsense( ⽆稽之谈).
Meg’s mother , Mme Giry knows of the ghost’s ____16____ because she takes care of his box each night. The Opera Ghost usually arrives ____17____ the middle of the first act, she says. their discussion is interrupted by a commotion (暴乱) in the hall. ____18____ by the discovery of the murder(杀害) of Joseph Buquer，a very popular man of the Opera House. Though, ____19___ his death, it was believed that his death was a suicide(⾃杀). ____20____ investigation proved otherwise.
A farewell(告别会) party was ____21____ for M. Debienne & M. Poligny, who had been the Opera
House’s managers. ____22____ this party was to be a celebration of he manager’s retirement, there was the sadness over the recent ____23____ of Joseph Buquer. In his book, Memoirs (as referred to the Phantom of the Opera). M. Armand Moncharmin ____24____ that the strange, evil events(邪恶事件) occurring in the Opera House were from the Opera Ghost himself. He then goes on to explain how the ghost has haunted(困扰) the opera house for years, unnoticed by the
____25____ of the visitors and staff.
16. A. existence B. exist C. friend D. brother
17. A. from B. in C. at D. to
18. made B. allowed C. caused D. let
19. A. as B. since C. because D. because of
20. A. further B. far C. some D. coming
21. A. decorated B. seen C. nice D. held
22. A. Because B. As C. Although D. /
23. A. loss B. lose C. lost D. loose
24. A. told B. speak C. tells D. spoken
25. A. most B. main C. major D. majority
Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension.
(A)
The opera house in Santa Fe. New Mexico, is one of the most beautiful in the United States. It is small and open, with one roof over the stage where the singers perform and another roof over part of the audience. This opera in the mountain is one of the best in the country, which may seem surprising because performances are only given during seven weeks in the summer, and because Santa Fe. is a very small city. They all hope to sing in famous opera houses like the Metropolitan in New York some day, and they work hard to become well known during the summer. The musicians and directors are experts who come from the best orchestras and operas in the country during their vacations. They enjoy working there because the music is always of the highest quality and because they like to live in Santa Fe, which is near both the
mountains and the desert. It is very beautiful in summer.
There is only one thing that some people do not like about the Santa Fe Opera, and that is the cold weather. Because the theatre is open, performances cannot start before nine o’clock in the evening (when the sun goes down), and then the mountain air becomes very cool. Sometimes people complain about the cold air, but because the operas are so good, these people come back again—wearing warm coats.
26. Santa Fe is all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A. a beautiful city
B. near the mountains and desert
C. a city in the State of New Mexico
D. a large city
27. The Metropolitan mentioned in paragraph 1 is ________.
A. a small city like Santa Fe
B. an opera house
C. a famous house
D. a street in New York
28. Young singers come to perform in the Santa Fe Opera because ________.
A. they like the scenery there
B. they enjoy the weather there
C. they want to become famous
D. they want to make a lot of money
29. In the Santa Fe Opera, performances are held ________.
A. all the year round
B. night and day
C. in the daytime
D. after sunset only
(B)
‘The Phantom of the opera’ rewrites Broadway history after 18 Years STEVE EMBER, welcome to THIS IS AMERICA in VOA special English. I‘m Steve Ember. FAITH LAPIDUS: And I‘m Faith Lapidutos. Today we hear music from The Phantom of the Opera.
That show sets a record this week. (music)
STEVE EMBER: A mysterious man who covers his deformed face with a mask. a beautiful young singer who falls under the man‘s control. Her lover, who does not believe that this phantom exists.
The story has made The Phantom of the Opera the longest-running show ever performed on Broadway.
Its success is told in numbers: as of(⾃…起) Monday night, seven thousand four hundred and eighty-six performances in New York City alone. There have been tens of thousands of performances around the world. ?phantom‘ has brought in more than three thousand million dollars in ticket sales.
Faith Lapidutos: until now, the longest-running show on Broadway was Cats. Composer Andrew lioyd Webber who wrote the music for ?Phantom‘, was also responsible for ?Cats‘ That show closed in New York in two thousand.
The Phantom of the Opera was first seen at Her Majesty‘s Theatre in London in 1986. The show opened in New York on
26th January, 1988. It has won many top awards in Britain and the United States.
The Phantom of the Opera is based on a book by Gaston Leroux. The Phantom lives in a strange world under the Paris Opera House.
Listen as Christine and Raoul—Sarah Brightman and Steve Barton—sing ?Think of Me‘.
30. Where do you think this article is extracted from(取⾃)?
A. newspaper
B. Internet
C. radio programme
D. Script(剧本)
31. How many characters of the show The phantom of the Opera were mentioned in the article？
A. Two
B. Three
C. None
D. One
32. What do you think the bold and italicized word deformed means?
A. not right
B. twisted(扭曲的)
C. horrible
D. ugly
33. In New York City alone, the show The phantom of the Opera is shown ________ more times than the show Cats.
A. 7,486
B. 2,000
C. about
D. few
34. The Phantom of the Opera was first shown in the united States ________.
A. in the winter of 1988
B. in 1986
C. at Her Majesty‘s Theatre
D. on a broad way
35. By the time of this article, The Phantom of the Opera has been shown in the United States for ________.
A. a week
B. 18 years
C. not mentioned
D. a record(创纪录的) long time
（C）
Money-Saving Tips for Disney World
Every time you visit Disney World, there‘s something new to see. What began in 1971 as the Magic Kingdom now includes the high-tech, movie-mad Disney and Animal Kingdom. Each time the park expands, so do your chances to spend money. How can you save? As a family guide to Disney World, I have been to the park more than 25 times with my kids, and I‘ve developed a few money-saving plans.
·buy the five-day All-in-One Hopper Pass(⼊场券). Even if you‘re visiting for fewer days, it‘s a deal (the pass costs $229 for visitors aged 10 and up, $183 for kids aged 3 to 9 and is free for kids under age 3). Without the pass, you‘ll have to pay separately for Pleasure Island and the water parks. A single trip to Blizzard Bleach(暴雪漂⽩), for example, would cost a family of four $100.
·Dine out(外出进餐) at lunch. The prices at some of the nicer restaurants, especially those in Epcot‘s World Showcase, are much lower at noontime than at dinner. It‘s wise to make reservations(预订) before you leave home. Call 407-W-Disney.
·Become a Gold-Member. For $65, you can get a Magic Kingdom Club Gold Card (call 1-800-56-Disney). Cardholders get up 20 percent off Disney rooms, plus price breaks on character breakfasts, theme park(主题公园) tickets and goods from Disney stores.
·Don‘t pay extra to see a character. Character-theme dinner shows are expensive, costing a family of four about $140, and even a character breakfast, where Mickey or Donald Duck joins you for cakes, can set you back $50. If your budget(预算) is tight, try to meet the characters inside the theme parks and at free in-park shows. You can watch the Diamond Horseshoe show, for example, in the Magic Kingdom for no additional cost, while the similarly themed Hoop-Dee-Doo Musical
Revue(剧) requires expensive tickets.
·Wait until the end of your trip to buy souvenirs(纪念品). By then, the kids will really know what they want, and you won‘t waste money on expensive things.
36. If you are short of money, the writer suggests ________.
A. you should not buy things for the kids from Disney stores
B. you should not buy souvenirs at the beginning of the trip
C. you should not make a trip to Blazzard Beach
D. you should not have your meals out at noontime
37. Which of the following can be used in place of ―set you back‖?
A. offer you
B. save you
C. cost you
D. return you
38. You should pay more money ________.
A. if you have a five-day All-in-One Hopper Pass while you‘re visiting for four days
B. if you do not make a reservation for hotel rooms in advance
C. if you are not a Magic kingdom Club Gold Card holder
D. if you have lunch at a restaurant in Epoct‘s World Showcase
39. The economical way of meeting the Disney cartoon character is _________.
A. to have a character breakfast
B. to watch the Diamond Horseshoe
C. to pay separately for Pleasure Island and the water parks
D. to attend the Hoop-Dee-Doo Musical Revue
Ⅴ. Translation.
40. 美术馆⼤厅⾥矗⽴着⼀位著名艺术家的两座雕塑。

(倒装句)
____________________________________________________________________________________ 41. 中国⾸次宇航员太空⾏⾛的成功震惊世界。

(shock)
____________________________________________________________________________________ 42. 随着⼯程的彻底竣⼯，他们终于可以好好休息⼀下了。

(which+过去分词短语)
____________________________________________________________________________________ 43. 在F1车赛中他的车技如此的精湛，征服了(gain power over)在场所有的观众。

(so...that)
____________________________________________________________________________________ 44. 那位著名的教授⾛进⼤厅，后⾯跟着⼀群年轻⼈。

(follow的现在分词短语结构)
____________________________________________________________________________________
语法动名词作主语和作宾语的⽤法
⼀. 动名词的定义：
动名词是⼀种兼有动词和名词特征的⾮谓语动词形式。

基本形式是:v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。

动名词有时态和语态的变化。

注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing, not having written, not being written, not having been written
⼆. V-ing形式的构成⽅式：
1.在⼀般情况下，在动词原形后直接加词尾–ing。

例如：go – going do – doing ask – asking
read --- reading study – studying carry – carrying fly – flying
2.在以不发⾳的e 结尾的动词后,去掉e,再加- ing。

例如：
come – coming live – living dance – dancing
3.在闭⾳节的单⾳节动词后、以重读闭⾳节结尾的多⾳节动词，⽽末尾只有⼀个辅⾳字母时,将这个辅⾳字母双写（x除外）,然后再加–ing。

例如：
sit – sitting run – running begin – beginning
4.在少数⼏个以–ie 结尾的动词后：须将–ie 变作y，再加- ing。

(这些动词词典⼀般均注明)。

例如：
die – dying tie – tying lie – lying
三. 动名词的基本⽤法
１.⽤作主语所表动作⽐较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。

Playing with fire is dangerous. Climbing mountains is really fun.
注意：动名词做主语,有时先⽤it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。

这种⽤法在习惯句型中常⽤。

1)It is no use / good / useless + doing…
2)It is a waste of time + doing …
3)It is fun + doing …
在以上两种结构中常⽤动名词作主语。

It‘s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆⽔难收）
There is no joking about the matter.
It is fun playing with children. 和孩⼦们⼀起玩真好。

2. ⽤作宾语
1）作动词的宾语
某些动词后出现⾮限定性动词时只能⽤动名词作宾语，不能⽤不定式。

常见的此类动词有：Advise(劝告), allow(允许), permit(许可), avoid(避免), consider(考虑), enjoy(享受), finish(完成), give up(放弃), cannot help(禁不住), imagine(想象), include(包含), keep(保持), keep on(继续),
mind(介意), miss(错过), put off(推迟), delay(延时), practice(练习), (resist抵抗), suggest(建议), depend on(依靠), think about(考虑), set about(着⼿), succeed in(成功), worry about(担忧), burst
out(迸发), insist on(坚持), can‘t stand(承受不了), be used to; get used to(习惯于), devote…to…(致
⼒于), look forward to(期待), pay attention to(注意), get down to(开始处理)等。

例如：
They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他们继续⾛，说个不停。

I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上⾛真是乐事。

为了便于记忆，特归纳后跟-ing的动词的顺⼝溜如下：
避免，错过，（少）延期avoid, miss, postpone /put off
建议，完成，（多）练习suggest, finish, practice
喜欢，想象，禁不住enjoy, imagine, can‘t help
承认，否定，（⼜）妒忌admit, deny, envy
逃避，冒险，（多）原谅escape, risk, excuse
忍受，保持，（不）介意stand, keep, mind
2）作介词的宾语
We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。

Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始⼲活？
Despite lacking money, his parents sent him to a good university.
He was late again because of getting up late.
Lock the doors and windows before going out.
注意：
to在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。

be/get used to look forward to get down to pay attention to devote oneself
to lead to contribute to object to（反对）例如：
Let‘s get down to preparing for the exam.
What/How about the two of us playing games？
动名词⽤在下列词组后作宾语：
give up(放弃), can‘t help(禁不住), feel like(想要), be worth(值得), be busy(忙于), set about(着⼿), put off(推迟), think of(考虑)，insist on(坚持)等。

例如：
She can‘t help crying at the sad sight(景象).
Do you feel like having a break?
4) 既可接动名词⼜可接不定式的常⽤动词有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表达的意义不同。

例如：
I remember seeing her at the hotel.
我记得在宾馆见过她。

(动作发⽣了)
I will remember to see her at the hotel.
我记着要去宾馆见她。

(动作尚未发⽣)
1．remember/forget/ regret to do动作尚未发⽣doing 动作已经发⽣
2. try to do 设法、努⼒去做，尽⼒doing 试试去做（看有何结果）
3. mean to do 打算做（主语⼀般是⼈）doing 意味着（主语⼀般是物）
4.regret to do对将要做的事抱歉doing 对已经发⽣的事感到后悔
5. stop to do停下去做另外⼀件事doing 停⽌做⼿头的事情
动名词考点讲与练
动名词是⼀种⾮谓语动词形式，是近⼏年的⾼考热点之⼀，常设考点如下：
⼀．动名词作主语
例：1.---What do you think made Mary so upset？---___ her new bicycle.
A. As she lost B．Lost C．Losing D．Because of losing
解析：答案C。

Losing在此为动名词，与her new bicycle构成动名词短语在句中作主语。

该题可以理解为：Losing her new bicycle made Mary so upset．
1.在下⾯的句型中，it是形式主语，v-ing形式作真正的主语。

1)It‘ s no use／good＋v-ing．例如：
It‘s no good smoking, you‘d better give it up．
It‘s no use arguing with him．
2)It‘s a waste of time / so nice/ foolish interesting / doing sth.例如:
It‘s a waste of time waiting here. 在这⾥等是浪费时间。

It‘s so nice talking to you. 很⾼兴和你谈话。

2.v-ing形式作主语，谓语动词⽤单数。

例如：
Learning new words is very useful to me．
Writing headlines in English is not an easy job．
⼆. 动名词作宾语
1）有些动词后只接动名词作宾语。

这类动词常见的有：admit，advise，finish, avoid，escape, delay，consider, dislike, mind, suggest，enjoy，miss , practice，imagine，appreciate（感激）,risk(冒险)等等。

例如：
2. Our monitor suggested _____a discussion of this subject.
A．to have B．should have C．have D．Having Key: D
2）有些动词和动词词组既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语，但意思不同。

这类动词及动词词组常见的有：stop, forget, remember, try, mean, go on, regret, can‘t help 等等。

(1) go on to do 接着做（另⼀件事）go on doing 继续做（同⼀件事）
(2) stop to do 停下来去做；stop doing 停⽌做
(3) remember to do 记住要做；remember doing 记得曾做过
(4) can‘t help to do 不能帮助做；can‘t help doing 情不⾃禁地做
(5) forget to do 忘记要做；forget doing 忘了曾经做过
(6) regret to do 很遗憾／抱歉地去做；regret doing 后悔做了
(7) try to do 努⼒做；try doing 试着做
(8)mean to do 打算做；mean doing 意味着做
3.—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
-Well，now I regret ___that.
A．to do B．to be doing C．to have done D．having done
解析：答案D。

本句意为：我现在后悔在会上提出了反对意见。

表⽰对已经发⽣的事情―后悔‖
应⽤regret doing ／having done
3）动名词充当介词的宾语，常⽤在含有某些介词构成的短语动词之后，这类常见的短语动词有：insist on, think of, feel like (cf. would like to do sth.)，set about (cf. set out to do sth.)，be fond of，look forward to(cf. look forward to do sth. )，pay attention to，get used to，give up , devote...to，put off, succeed in, have difficulty in, get down to(开始着⼿做) 等等。

例：She looks forward every spring to __the flower-lined garden．
A．visit B．paying a visit C．walk in D．walking in
解析：答案D。

look forward to doing sth．是固定⽤法，故排除A、C项。

B项在visit后加to才正确，所以应排除。

Cf. The letter that I was looking forward to ___ at last.
A. coming
B. came
C. come
D. being come Key: B
4）动名词在need，want，require，be worth后接宾语，常以主动形式来表⽰被动意义.
cf. be worthy of being done / to be done 例如：
This book is worthy of being read / to be read. 这本书值得⼀读。

need / want / require doing sth / to be done (需要做…) 例如：
My bike needs repairing / to be repaired.
5）permit, allow, forbid, require(要求)doing sth./ sb to do sth.
跟⼈作宾语后，必须⽤不定式作补语。

例如：
This room won‘t allow smoking. 在这间屋⾥不准吸烟。

We do not allow anybody to smoke here. 这⾥不许吸烟。

6)有些动词后可跟不定式和v-ing形式作宾语，意义差别不⼤。

(1)在like, love, hate, prefer等动词后，v-ing形式表⽰经常性、概括性的动作，不定式表⽰具体的、特定的某⼀次动作。

例如：She likes singing, but she doesn‘t like to sing today．
7)在begin, start, continue后跟v-ing形式和不定式作宾语没有区别，但start，begin本⾝为进⾏式或后接realize, wonder, understand等⼼理的词时，常⽤不定式作宾语。

例如：
I began to realize that I was wrong．
三．动名词的时态和语态
动名词有⼀般式和完成式。

它的⼀般式所表⽰的动作或是与句中谓语动词的动作同时发⽣;或是在句中谓语动词动作之后发⽣;⽽它的完成式所表⽰的动作则⼀般发⽣在句中谓语动词动
作之前。

例1：While shopping，people sometimes can‘t help _ into buying something they don‘t really need． A．to persuade B．persuading C．being persuaded D．be persuaded
解析：答案C。

根据句意，can‘t help是―抑制不住‖、―情不⾃禁‖的意思。

其后应接动名词作宾语。

在此句中，people与persuade之间是动宾关系，所以应⽤动名词的被动式。

例2:Tony was very unhappy for ____ to the party．（2000上海）
A．having not been invited B．not having invited C．having not invited D．not having been invited 解析：答案D。

动名词的否定式作介词的宾语。

由于Tony未被邀请在先，不⾼兴在后，所以采⽤了完成式的形式。

四．动名词的复合结构
动名词的复合结构在句中作宾语时，名词可⽤普通格代替所有格，代词可⽤宾格形式代替形容词性物主代词。

例如：
I don‘ t like you/ your/ Tom / Tom‘s being late.
但是动名词作主语时，只能⽤your / Tom‘s being late形式。

例:What worried the child most was ____ to visit his mother in the hospital．
A．his not allowing B．his not being allowed
C．his being not allowed D．having not been allowed
解析：答案B。

动名词复合结构的否定式应把否定词not放在物主代词之后、动名词之前。

child 和allow之间为动宾关系，所以就⽤其被动式。

⼏个重要的句型：
1.There is no use / good doing sth.
2.There is no + 动名词例如：
There is no joking about such matter.这事开不得玩笑。

练习题:选择最佳选项：
1.__________is a good form of exercise for young and old．
A．The walk B．Walking C．To walk D．Walk
2．—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.—Well, now I regret ＿＿that．A．to do B．to be doing C．have done D．having done
3．I don‘t regret ＿＿＿＿＿even if it might have upset her．
4．The library needs ＿＿, but it will have to wait until Sunday．
A．cleaning B．to clean C．clean D．being cleaned
5．I can hardly imagine Peter ＿across the Atlantic Ocean in five days．
A．sail B．to sail C．sailing D．to have sailed
6．—I must apologize for ＿＿＿＿＿ahead of time．—That‘s all right．
A．letting you not know B．not letting you know C．letting you know not D．letting not you know 7．—What do you think of the novel﹖ —Oh, it‘s really ＿＿＿＿＿．
A．well worth reading B．very good to read C．worthy reading D．worth to be read 8．What‘s troubling them is ＿＿＿＿＿enough experienced workers．
A．that they having no B．they not have C．their not having D．not their having
9．She likes ＿＿but she doesn‘t like ＿this afternoon．She‘d like ＿＿some other day． A．swimming；swimming；to swim B．to swim；swimming；to swim
C．swim；to swim；swimming D．swimming；to swim；to swim
10．She didn‘t remember ＿＿＿＿him before．
A．having met B．have met C．to meet D．to having met
11．I would appreciate ＿＿＿＿back this afternoon．
A．you to call B．you call C．your calling D．you‘re calling
12．How about the two of us ＿＿＿＿a walk down the garden﹖
A．to take B．take C．taking D．to be taking
13．--Let me tell you something about the journalists --Don‘t you remember ＿me the story yesterday ﹖A．told B．telling C．to tell D．to have told
14．The pupil asked the teacher how much time he spent ＿＿＿＿violin every day．
A．to practice to play the B．practicing playing the C．to practice to play D．practicing to play 15．It‘s no use ＿＿＿＿＿forward to ＿＿＿＿from her soon．
A．to look; to hear B．looking; hearing C．looking; hear D．look; hear
16．Missing the bus means ＿＿＿＿home．
A．to walk B．walking C．walked D．walk
17．She was lucky enough ＿＿＿＿＿by the car．
A．missing being hit B．to miss hitting C．missing to be hit D．to miss being hit
18．My car has broken．I must ＿＿＿＿＿．
A．get down to repair it B．have it repair C．get down to repairing it D．have it to be repaired 19．Have you got used to ＿＿in this factory﹖
A．work B．working C．worked D．having worked
20．We were lucky that we just escaped ＿＿＿＿＿the rain．
A．being caught in B．to be caught in C．catching D．to catch
21．It took the workmen only two hours to finish ________ my car.
C. to repair
D. repaired
22.It‘s no good ________ over split milk.
A. to cry
B. crying
C. cried
D. cry
23.Have you forgotten ____$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember ____it tomorrow?
A.borrowing; to bring
B.to borrow; bring
C.borrowed; bringing
D.borrowing; bringing
24.The classroom wants __________.
A.clean
B.cleaned
C.to clean
D.cleaning
25.Jack said that he wouldn‘t mind ___________ for us.
A.to wait
B.wait
C.waiting
D.waited
26.My brother keeps _________ me with my work.
A.to help
B.help
C.helping
D.helped
27.We should often practise _________ English with each other.
A.to speak
B.spoke
C.speak
D.speaking
28.Keep on _________ and you will succeed.
C.triing
D.trying
29.His parents insist on _______to college.
A.he should go
B.he go
C.his going
D.him to go
30.The story was so funny that we ___________.
A.couldn‘t help laugh
B.can‘t but laugh
C.couldn‘t help laughing
D.couldn‘t help but to laugh
31.How much time did you spend __________ the text?
A.copying
B.to copy
C.in copy
D.on copying
32.I ________see you without ________ your mother.
A.never; thinking of
B.never;; thinking about
C. not; think of
D.don‘t; think about
33.Though it sounds a bit too dear(昂贵),it is worth _________.
A.being bought
B.buying
C.to buy
D.buying it
34.The novel is well _________.
A.worth to read
B.worth being read
C.worthy to read
D.worthy of being read
35.The farmers were busy __________ cotton.
C.with picking
D.pluck
36.He devoted his life to __________ the atomic theory.
A.study
B.be studied
C.studying
D.have studied
37.We are both looking forward to __________ next week.
A.going on vocation
B.go on vocation
C.be going on vocation
D.have gone on vocation
38.You must pay attention to _________ the works of Lu Xun.
A.read
B.reading
C.reader
D.be read
39.He was praised for _________ thirty years of touching.
plete
B.he completed
C.having completed
D.to have been completed
40.You should work tonight instead of __________ TV.
A.to watch
B.you watching
C.you watch
D.watching
41.Besides __________, she is kind and tender.
A.beautiful
B.being beautiful
C.she beautiful
D.is beautiful
42.What about _________ to the concert with us ?。