河南省安阳市第三十六中学任务型阅读试题及答案

一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Many people know that trash is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that trash has become a problem in outer space too. ________
Statistically, there are more than 22,000 pieces of junk in space around the earth. And these are just the items that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes or radars. ________
Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to people, particularly astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spacecraft, it could damage the vehicle. That's because the faster an object moves, the greater the impact if the object collides with something else.
To help minimize additional space junk, countries around the world have agreed to limit the time their space tools stay in orbit to 25 years. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere, or the mass of gases that surround the earth, after that. ________
Many scientists are also proposing different ways to clean up space junk. The Germans have been planning a space mission with robots that would collect pieces of space trash and bring them back to Earth so that they can be safely destroyed.
"In our opinion the problem is very challenging, and it's quite urgent as well," said Marco Castronuovo, an Italian Space Agency researcher who is working to solve the problem. ________ Many of these objects are tools that help people use their cell phones or computers. "The time to act is now; as we go farther in time we will need to remove more and more fragments," he says.
A. One reason that it's urgent is that countries are sending more and more objects into space.
B. There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.
C. Blowing up older satellites with a missile may create thousands of smaller pieces!
D. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.
E. When two objects in space collide, the two objects break into many smaller pieces.
F. Years of space exploration have left tons of "space junk" in orbit around the planet.
【答案】 F；B；D；A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍太空垃圾越来越严重，急需解决。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“Statistically, there are more than 22,000 pieces of junk in space around the earth.”可知，数据上来看，地球周围的太空超过22000块垃圾，F. Years of space exploration have left tons of "space junk" in orbit around the planet.“多年的太空探索在地球轨道上留下了数以吨计的垃圾”，后一句例举了具体的数据，承接后文，切题，故选F。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“And these are just the items that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes or radars.”可知，那些垃圾都是可以通过望
远镜和雷达观察到的，B. There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.“还有很多小块垃圾我们看不清”，与前一句形成对比，切题，故选B。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere, or the mass of gases that surround the earth, after that.”可知，每个发射工具必须能够安全落入地球的大气层，D. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.“在地球的大气层上空，这些太空探测工具能够燃烧”，陈述前一句话的结果和目的，切题，故选D。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“In our opinion the problem is very challenging, and it's quite urgent as well”以及空后“Many of these objects are tools that help people use their cell phones or computers.”可知，太空垃圾问题很难解决，也很紧急，A. One reason that it's urgent is that countries are sending more and more objects into space.“紧急的原因在于人们发射了更多的卫星到太空，这些卫星主要用于帮助人们上网”，讲述紧急的原因，切题，故选A。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

2．任务型阅读
This time of year, thousands of college applicants wait for e-notices and auspiciously(吉利地) sized envelopes from schools, under terrible pressure from their parents, friends, teachers, and themselves. As to this, I offer some advice, which comes not only from a bit of experience, but also a bit of research: just cool out and continue, okay?
Many parents and students think there is a world of difference between the lifelong outcomes of an A-minus student who gets into, say. Princeton, and an A-minus student who applies to Princeton but "only" gets into some less selective school, like Penn State or the University of Wisconsin. They assume that a decision made by faceless Ivy League admissions officers, to some extent, will mark the difference between success and failure in life.
There are two important things to say about this stress. First, to put the anxiety into context, the kids applying to these schools are already doing quite well. Seventy percent of 29--year--olds don't have a bachelor's degree, and the majority of BAs are earned at non-selective schools that accept a majority of their applicants. Many of the applicants have already won life's lottery.
But if that doesn't ease the nerves of the 40,000 people waiting on Stanford or Penn, here is a more encouraging conclusion from economics. For most applicants, it doesn't matter if they don't get into their top choice, according to a paper by Stacy Dale, a mathematician at Mathematica Policy Research, and Alan Krueger, an economist at Princeton University. They tracked two groups of students——-one that attended college in the 1970s and the other in the early 1990s. They wanted to know：Did students attending the most elite colleges earn more in their 30s. 40s. and 50s than students with similar SAT scores, who were rejected by elite colleges? The short answer was no. Or, in the author's language, the difference between the students who went to super-selective schools and the students with similar SAT scores rejected by those schools and went to less selective institutions was "indistinguishable from zero."
What does that mean? It means that, for many students, "who you are" is more important than where you go. It's hard to show that highly selective colleges add much earning power, even with
their distinguished professors and professional networks. In addition, the decision of admissions officers isn't as important as the sum of the decisions, habits, and relationships students have built up to this point in their young life.
For the elite colleges themselves, the Dale-Krueger paper had additional, fascinating findings. It's found that the most selective schools do make an extraordinary difference in life earning for minority students from less--educated families who are more likely to rely on colleges to provide the training and job networks with great influence. Getting into Princeton if your parents went to Princeton? Fine, although not a game-changer. But getting into Princeton if your parents both left community college after a year? That could be game-changing. Whatever the results, it's more important to choose a university that is suited to the college applicants.
Personal/Individual；Nothing；influential；fit
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对等待通知书而焦虑的人，作者提出的一些建议。

许多家长和学生认为，一个进入大学的学生的终身成绩之间存在着差异，但在后来的研究调查中显示，对于许多学生来说，“你是谁”比你去哪里更重要。

但是无论如何，选择一所适合的大学对申请者而言更为重要。

（1）考查信息理解，根据第一段中的“under terrible pressure from their parents, friends, teachers, and themselves.”在父母，朋友，老师和他们自己的巨大压力下。

可知大学申请者在等待入学决定时往往感到压力，故填stressed/pressured。

（2）考查信息理解。

根据第一段中的“As to this, I offer some advice, which comes not only from a bit of experience，but also a bit of research: just cool out and continue, okay?”对此，我提出了一些建议，这些建议不仅仅来自于一些经验, 但也有一些研究：冷静下来，继续，好吗？carry on=continue，故填on。

（3）考查信息概括。

第二段是人们对此问题的设想，因此填 assumption。

（4）考查信息转换。

根据第二段中的“ They assume that a decision made by faceless Ivy
League admissions officers, to some extent, will mark the difference between success and failure in life.”，可知人们普遍的一个误解是他们所上的学校会决定生活中的成功或失败。

故填 decided/determined。

（5）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“the kids applying to these schools are already doing quite well.”以及“Many of the applicants have already won life's lottery.”可知，申请顶尖大学的人其实在自己的人生中已经成功了一半，故填applying。

（6）考查信息转换。

根据第四段中的“Did students attending t he most elite colleges earn more in their 30s. 40s. and 50s than students with similar SAT scores, who were rejected by elite colleges?”上精英大学的学生在30多岁，40多岁和50对岁的时候比有相似的SAT成绩，被精英大学拒绝的学生挣的钱多吗？reject=turn down，故填down。

（7）考查信息转换。

根据第五段中的“ It means that, for man y students, ‘who you are’is more important than where you go.”可知，学生的个人品质比他们去哪上大学更重要，故填Personal/Individual。

（8）考查信息转换。

根据第五段中的“In addition, the decision of admissions officers isn't as important as the sum of the decisions, habits, and relationships students have built up to this point in their young life.”另外，招生官员的决定并不像学生们在他们的年轻生活中已经建立起的决定，习惯和人际关系的总和那么重要，可知什么也没有比学生获得社交和解决问题的能力重要，故填Nothing。

（9）考查信息转换。

根据第六段中的“It's found that the most selective schools do make an extraordinary difference in life earning for minority students from less-educated families who are more likely to rely on colleges to provide the training and job networks with great influence”可知，择优录取的大学对家庭受教育水平较低的少数学生的生活收入有显著影响。

此处形容词作定语，故填 influential。

（10）考查信息理解。

根据最后一段中的“ Whatever the results, it's more important to choose a university that is suited to the college applicants.”不管结果如何，更重要的是选择一所适合申请人的大学。

可知填fit。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息理解，信息转换和信息概括三个题型的考查。

是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。

3．（2019•天津）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.
Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of lime to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection. Mabry thanked them all. "They're like my children," Mabry said.
On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they're not feeling
well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can't name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug.
"He won't brag（夸耀）on himself, but it doesn't matter what he's doing or where he is, he will always stop what he's doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He's the most loved one in this building," said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher.
Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don't want to touch. He doesn't expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn't planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration.
Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: "Mr. Haze, you are my sunshine.”
（1）What is Mabry's daily work as a school keeper？（no more than 5 words）
（2）How did the students celebrate Mabry's birthday？（no more than 15 words）
（3）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（1 word）
（4）Why is Mabry's presence at the school important？（no more than 10 words）
（5）Who is the "sunshine" in your life？Please explain. （no more than 20 words）
【答案】（1）Cleaning the（school）building.
Or: Doing（the）cleaning.
Or: He cleans the（school）building.
Or: He does（the）cleaning.
（2）By lining the hallways，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，handing him cards，and hugging him.
Or: By lining the hallways with（handmade）cards，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，and hugging him.
Or: They lined the hallways，blew noisemakers，sang a song，handed him cards，and hugged him.
Or: They lined the hallways with（handmade）cards，blew noisemakers，sang a song，and hugged him.
（3）Love.
Or: Liking.
Or: Fondness.
（4）（Because）he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard.
Or: （Because）he loves（the）students and is devoted to his work.
Or: （Because）he is kind/caring/helpful to the students，and hard-working.
Or: （Because）he is regarded as a kind/warm-hearted/helpful/caring and hard-working man.
（5）My father/mother. （Because）he/she loves me and encourages me when I'm faced/confronted with difficulties.
Or: My teacher. （Because）he/she cares about me and prepares me for my future career.
Or: My friend. （Because）he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/help/encouragement.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，清洁工Mabry的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。

Mabry 爱学生，关心学生。

学生们也尊敬他，喜欢他。

在他80生日那天，学生们用自己的方式祝贺他的生日，表达了对Mabry的热爱。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Haze Mabry, who has works as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empty garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms, and mops wet messes in the hallways.”可知Haze Mabry是一位清洁工，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。

因此本句的答案可为：Cleaning the (school) building. /Doing （the） cleaning. /He cleans the (school)building. /He does (the) cleaning.
（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Last Friday,...he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him.和some popped out of line to hug him.”可知，上个周五，他发现几乎有800名学生在走廊里排队，拿着手制卡片，吹口哨，为他唱了一首响亮的生日快乐歌，拥抱他。

因此答案为：By lining the hallways, blowing noisemakers, singing a song, handing him cards, and hugging him. /By lining the hallways with (handmade) cards, blowing noisemakers, singing a song, and hugging him. / They lined the hallways, blew noisemakers, sang a song, handed him cards, and hugged him. / They lined the hallways with (handmade) card, blew noisemakers, sang a song, handed him cards, and hugged him.
（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段学生们为Mabry庆祝生日的方式和划线词后的内容“Mabry thanked them all,”以及“They're like my children.”可知 Mabry 爱学生，把学生当作自己的孩子。

那么学生们也表达了他们对Mabry的热爱。

因此Mabry被学生的爱所感动，故所以的“affection”相当于“Love”，故填love /Liking /Fondness.
（4）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“...he will always stop what he's doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that boy his undivided attention. He's the most loved one in this building.”以及最后一段中的“Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don't want to touch. He doesn't expect a lot.”可知，Mabry 关心爱护孩子，帮助孩子，是一个善良、热心的人。

一个不怕脏不怕累、勤奋工作的人。

因此答案为：(Because) he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard. / (Because) he loves the students and devoted to his work. /(Because) he is kind/caring /helping to the students , and hard-working. / (Because) he is regarded as a kind /warm-hearted /helpful/caring and hard-working man.
（5）考查学生的观察综合表达能力。

本题的题目：who is the "sunshine" in your life?”谁是你生活中的阳光？只要在生活或学习中帮助过你，关心你、爱护你的，鼓励你，安慰你的都可称为your sunshine。

因此答案可为：My father/mother.(Because) he/she loves me and encouraged me when I'm faced/confronted with difficulties. Or: My teacher.(Because) he/she
cares about me and prepares me for my future career. Or: My friend.(Because) he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/ help/ encouragement.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测以及综合表达能力等题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握所给材料，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而做出正确答案。

4．任务型阅读
Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:
Schedule yearly exams. ________Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.
Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses. ________
Give your eyes a break. Two thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. ________Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20second break and look at something 20 feet away.
________As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. ________ Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C. They can properly protect your eyes.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E. Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight.
F. Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.
【答案】 B；C；G；A；F
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了五个建议可以让人们终身享有健康的视力．1、每年定期检查；2、保护眼睛免受紫外线的伤害；3、让你的眼睛休息好；4、多吃绿色食品；5、安全实践和学习隐形眼镜的护理。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前”Schedule yearly exams“安排每年都检查眼睛；以及空后”Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.“可知专家建议父母亲在6-12个月的时候就带着孩子去进行眼部检查。

也就说眼部检查要尽可能地早进行。

故选B。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前” Long term stay in the sun creates risk
to your eyes. No matte r what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.“长时间地在强烈的阳光下，都会伤害到我们的眼睛。

所以不管是什么季节，我们都要佩戴太阳镜，因为太阳镜可能会保护我们的视力。

故C项符合上下文串联。

故选C。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前”Give your eyes a break.“让眼睛休息”；以及第一段中的“三分之二的美国人花7个小时的时间使用电脑或者电子产品。

没有让我们的眼睛得到休息，这样频繁地使用会增加我们眼睛疲劳的危险“。

故G项符合上下文串联。

故选G。

(4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后”As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day.“可知要多吃蔬菜等绿色食品，对我们的眼睛是有好处的。

故选A。

（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

很多人都佩戴隐形眼镜等，但是在使用中总是没有按照使用说明，这也让他们的眼睛处于危险之中。

那么我们要采纳医生的建议，合理使用这些设备。

故F项符合上下文。

故选F。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

5．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

If there is one word to describe the progress made in the last 100 years, it's connectedness. From the telephone to the radio to the TV to the Internet, we have found ways to bring us all closer together, enabling，constant worldly access.
I don't think I need to highlight the benefits of all this. But the downsides are also beginning to show. Beyond the current talk about privacy and data collection, there is perhaps an even more detrimental side-effect here: We now live in a world where we're connected to everything except ourselves. According to Pascal, we fear the silence of existence, and we dread boredom and instead choose aimless distraction and use the noise of the world to block out the discomfort of dealing with ourselves.
However, we ignore the fact that never facing ourselves is why we feel lonely an anxious in spite of being so intimately connected to everything else around us.
Fortunately, there is a solution. The only way to avoid being ruined by this is to face it. It's to let the boredom take you where it wants so you can deal with whatever it is that is really going on with your sense of self. That's when you'll hear yourself think, and learn to engage the parts of you that are masked by distraction.
The beauty of this is that, once you cross that initial barrier, you realize that being alone isn't so bad. Boredom can provide its own stimulation.
When you surround yourself with moments of solitude and stillness, you become intimately familiar with your environment in a way that forced stimulation doesn't allow. The world becomes richer, the layers start to peel back, and you see things for what they really are, in all their wholeness, in all their contradictions, and in all their unfamiliarity.
You learn that there are things you are capable of paying attention to than just what makes the most noise on the surface. Just because a quiet room doesn't scream with excitement like the idea of immersing yourself in a movie or a TV show doesn't mean there isn't depth to explore there.
Sometimes, the direction that this solitude leads you in can be unpleasant, especially when it comes to introspection (内省)—your thoughts and your feelings, your doubts and your hopes—but in the long term, it's far more pleasant than running away from it all without even realizing what you are.
Being alone and connecting inwardly is a skill nobody ever teaches us. That's ironic because it's more important than most of the ones they do.
Solitude may not be the solution to everything, but it certainly is a start.
blame；solution(s)；Instead/Rather/Actually；comprehensive/thorough/ overall；exploring；loneliness
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，信息技术的发展让我们可以和除了自己以外的一切事物保持联系，也让我们害怕孤独和无聊。

事实上，独处不仅能让我们克服这种恐惧，也能让我们认清自己和更全面的看清问题。

孤独也许不是解决一切问题的办法，但它确实是一个开始。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”But the downsides are also beginning to show. Beyond the current talk about privacy and data collection, there is perhaps an even more detrimental side-effect here: We now live in a world where we're connected to everything except ourselves.“可知，让人们变得更近的科技最近展示出了缺点，那就是我们生活在一个除了和自己，我们和一切都有联系的世界。

故可推出"科技的发展"和"我们和一切都有联系，除了
自己"之间是转折意义。

填Although/Though/While。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的”We now live in a world where we're connected to everything except ourselves“可知我们生活在这样的一个世界，除了自己我们和一切都有联系，即我们没能与自己联系，fail to do sth，固定短语，"没能做某事"。

空格处是主句谓语动词，一般现在时，主语是we，故用动词原形，填fail。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的”we fear the silence of existence“可知我们害怕独处。

此处考查用a__________ state of existence替换silence of existence，通过分析可知空格处应填形容词，a silent/quiet state of existence=silence of existence(独处)。

故填silent/quiet。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的”we dread boredom and instead choose aimless distraction and use the noise of the world to block out the discomfort of dealing with ourselves.“可知我们害怕无聊，取而代之，我们选择漫无目的的分散注意力，用世界的噪音来阻止我们面对自己时的不舒适感觉。

故第4空处可译为We feel so uncomfortable when dealing with ourselves that we __________ from it all我们在面对自己时感到如此不舒适以至于我们想要躲避/逃离/退缩，此处是句子谓语动词，根据feel判断为一般现在时，主语是we，故用动词原形，填escape/ hide/ shrink/ withdraw。

（5）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的”However, we ignore the fact that never facing ourselves is why we feel lonely an anxious“可知，我们却忽略了事实，那就是从未面对过自己是我们感到孤独和焦虑的原因。

never facing ourselves is to ________ for our feeling lonely and anxious.从未面对过自己应为我们的孤独感和焦虑感负责。

此处用be to blame for”对……负责“符合文意，由to判断此处用动词原形。

故填blame。

（6）考查原词重现。

根据此空后面列举的内容可知，它们都是解决孤独的方法，且原文中”Fortunately, there is a solution.“也有提示，根据the判断此处填名词。

故填solution(s)。

（7）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的”you realize that being alone isn't so bad. Boredom can provide its own stimulation.“可知你会意识到孤独并没有那么糟糕，无聊会提供它自己的刺激。

Being alone isn't so bad. __________ , you'll be stimulated by boredom.独处并没有那么糟糕，相反/事实上，无聊会刺激你，符合文意，又此处是修饰句子，应用副词，故填Instead/Rather/Actually。

（8）考查推理判断。

根据第六段中的”The world becomes richer, the layers start to peel back, and you see things for what they really are, in all their wholeness, in all their contradictions, and in all their unfamiliarity.“可知独处时世界变得丰富，层次开始剥落，你看到事物的本质，它们的全部，它们的矛盾处，和它们的陌生处，即你对看到的事物有更全透彻的理解。

再结合名词views判断此处应填形容词，故填comprehensive/thorough/ overall。

（9）考查推理判断。

根据第七段中的”Just because a quiet room doesn't scream with excitement like the idea of immersing yourself in a movie or a TV show doesn't mean there isn't depth to explore there.“可知，仅仅因为一个安静的房间不会让你兴奋的尖叫，就像你沉浸在一场精彩的电影或电视节目一样，这并不意味着没有深度去探索，即安静的环境可以让人集中精力去深度探索。

故此处用"探索"符合文意，在结合前面的of判断此处应用动名词形式。

故填exploring。

（10）考查推理判断。

本文主要讲害怕孤独对我们的危害，以及独处和无聊的好处，再结
合”Solitude is the first step you should take to save yourself from being ruined by ________ and anxiety.“可知独处是你避免被孤独和焦虑毁掉所采取的第一步，可以总结本文，又根据and anxiety可知空格处应填名词。

故填loneliness。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和原词重现三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而写出正确答案。

6．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Silk Road was a historical network of trade routes that connected China and the Mediterranean Sea, allowing cultural and economic interaction between the East and the West. Begun in the 2nd Century B C, the Silk Road carried goods, ideas, and even illness for thousands of miles between great civilizations for more than a thousand years. ________ It was the creation of Germany's Ferdinand von Richthofen, who traveled to China several times in the second half of the 19th Century.
China's powerful Han Dynasty began expanding its trade routes towards the West in the years around 100 B.C. ________ Some shipments made it through to Europe and to northern and eastern Africa, through the port of Alexandria.
As its name suggests, the Silk Road was home to large amount of silk, which made its way from China to the Mediterranean and, to Rome. It wasn't only silk, however, that was carried along the Silk Road ________ Chinese traders brought delicate porcelain plates and thin but durable paper money. Romans brought delicately carved pottery (陶器）and jewelry to China.
________ Merchants carried shipments from major center, and then others carried the foods farther on the route. Many merchants traveled in groups, called carvans (商队). Many carvans and individual merchants traveled with bodyguards because theft along the routes was not uncommon.
Several cities along the Silk Road became major trading centers. Some of the more famous of these were Alexandria, Karakorum, Antioch, Constantinople, and Persepolis. Local taxes placed on goods traveling along the route were quite common. ________
A. The name, however, is a modem idea.
B. Diseases also spread along the Silk Road.
C. It sent silk and other goods to other civilizations.
D. Merchants would prepare some supplies in advance.
E. Goods did not travel with the same person all along the route.
F. As a result, many goods traveled only part of the way due to the high cost
G. Many other things made their way from the East to the West, or from the West to the East.【答案】 A；C；G；E；F
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丝绸之路的历史、发展及其对东西方文明的影响。

（1）上文说丝绸之路始于公元前2世纪，一千多年来，伟大文明之间的货物和思想都通过丝绸之路传输，下文又说这个称呼是由德国人Ferdinand von Richthofen发明的，19世纪
中叶他曾多次访问中国，此处需要一个承上启下的句子，故A项（然而，这个名字是一个现代的概念）符合语境。

（2）根据本空后的“Some shipments made it through to Europe and to northern and eastern Africa, through the port of Alexandria.”可知，一些货物通过亚历山大港送往欧洲、东非和北非，此处是说货物通过丝绸之路运送到别的地方，故C项（它把丝绸和其他商品送到其他文明）符合语境。

（3）上文说沿着丝绸之路运送的不只是丝绸，下文又说中国商人带来了精致的瓷盘和薄而耐用的纸币，罗马人把雕刻精美的陶器和朱宝带到中国，此处是说丝绸之路还运送除了丝绸以外的东西，故G项（还有很多别的东西，从西到东，从东到西，都在这条路上运输）符合语境。

（4）根据本空后的“Merchants carried shipments from major center, and then others carried the foods farther on the route.”可知，商人们从主要的运输中心运送货物，然后其他人把货物运送到更远的地方，故E项（货物并不是一路由一个人运送的）符合语境。

（5）根据本空前的“Local taxes placed on goods traveling along the route were quite common.可知，对丝绸之路上运输的货物征收地方税是很常见的，此处说的是征收地方税的影响，故F项（因此，由于成本高，许多货物只能走一部分路）符合语境。

【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。

2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。

3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

7．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

When we were growing up in our grandparents' home, Jack, my grandfather, was always in his room sitting in the chair and listening to the radio. The voices speaking from the metal box day and night, taught us that there was a larger world outside. He would roll the black dial (刻度盘) back and forth until the signal was clear. Then he would listen.
Now he is old and falls ill. When I went to visit him, he said to me, "I dislike the Internet. The problem is that we're losing primary contact with each other. No more shaking hands. Everyone is so busy. We want too much and in the process of getting it we miss so much." He stopped for a while. "It makes me lonely and sad." Then he looked at me, "I just want to hear your voices."
I think of all the voices on the radio he has spent a lifetime listening to. I asked, "How did you become interested in radio?" "I don't know," he said. "It was another way to reach people. I was always interested in searching for a better signal, a clearer, more powerful signal that could communicate with someone somewhere."
"And I'll tell you another funny thing: you can electronically eliminate all kinds of noise from the signal, but you can't get rid of natural noise caused by thunder and lightning, rainstorms, or snowstorms."
He closed his eyes and smiled. "I was just thinking that in spite of all our technologies, maybe we haven't progressed that far as human beings. We shouldn't forget we still have the same basic needs."。