大学英语六级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷143(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷143(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. Reading Comprehension
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section B
The Health Benefits of Drinking Water —Is bottled drinking water healthier than filtered tap water? [A]Water is a key ingredient in a healthy diet and lifestyle. There are many health benefits of drinking water. It helps flush impurities and toxins out of our systems. It aids in the delivery of oxygen and nutrients. In fact, nearly every system in our bodies relies on water for proper functioning. But what will happen if the water you drink every day is unhealthy?
[B]In past decades, concerns about tap water and its impact on overall health led some people to turn to bottled drinking water instead. However, in those days, there were few choices of bottled waters. You could pay to have a company deliver large bulky plastic bottles of water for the water cooler. Or you could purchase gallon jugs of distilled or “drinking water”at the grocery store. [C]In recent years, there has been an explosion in the number of different bottled waters available, with big distributors such as Coke and Pepsi jumping on the bandwagon. But are bottled drinking waters like Coke’s Dasani brand, Pepsi’s Aquafina, or Wal-Mart’s store brand really any healthier than your tap water? Or would you be better off with a drinking water filtration system? [D]As we have learned more about the water we drink, the technology behind drinking water filters and purification systems has improved dramatically. There are filters to remove impurities, chemicals, heavy metals, bacteria and most every contaminant you can think of. With the right size and filter combination for your specific home, your tap water can be exceptionally pure and healthy. [E]Drinking water filtration systems have also become more affordable and easy to use. Although the initial cost of a whole house system usually amounts to several hundred dollars, that cost is often less than $100 each year if spread out over the life of the system. [F]There may be additional expenses to replace carbon filters, membranes in reverse osmosis drinking water filtration system, or lamps in an ultraviolet light water treatment device. These expenses can add another $100 or so to the annual costs of operating drinking water filters and purification systems. [G]While some people may hesitate to spend so much each year for clean, safe drinking water, they are probably paying more for bottled drinking water. Calculations show that at a price of $1 to $4 per gallon, bottled or delivered water costs an average of $400 each year, especially if you purchase individual bottles. And that doesn’t take into consideration the gas needed to drive to the store or the environmental impact of all the empty plastic bottles. [H]Many people who choose bottled drinking water understand that it is more expensive, but they are still willing to pay the extra money because bottled water is thought to be safer and
healthier than filtered drinking water. After all, bottled water is often marketed as “natural spring water”or “pure glacier water.”[I]In reality, few bottled waters come from natural springs, and most of them use municipal tap water. The companies are able to get away with this false marketing because the regulations and standards for bottled drinking water are less stringent than those for residential drinking sources. [J]The quality of bottled water is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration(FDA), while drinking water systems are typically regulated by State regulations or the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA). This doesn’t mean that the FDA isn’t doing their job. It’s just that the rules for bottled water only require it to be as good as tap water, not better. [K]In addition, the FDA regulations only apply to bottled drinking water that is transported across state lines. If a company sells their bottled drinking water in the same state where it was bottled, the federal regulations don’t apply. The result is that many bottled waters are not any healthier than filtered water, and in fact some are less pure. [L]This was demonstrated in a study which was conducted by the Natural Resources Defense Council. They tested over 100 brands of bottled drinking water and found that about one third of the waters contained contamination in the form of chemicals, bacteria, and arsenic. The study also found that up to forty percent of bottled drinking waters come from a city water system. [M]So how do you tell if the water you are drinking is healthy? With tap water, it is relatively easy. If your water comes from a municipal source, the suppliers are required by law to provide annual water quality reports. If you have a well, you can have an authorized lab test your water. It may cost $100 or more, but it’s a small price to pay for peace of mind. Or you can purchase a kit and test it yourself, but naturally the results may not be as conclusive or reliable as those produced by authorized labs. [N]When it comes to bottled drinking water, it can be more difficult to know what you are getting. Start by checking the label or the bottle cap. Some may tell you that the water comes from a municipal source or “community water system,”which means tap water. [O]If the label doesn’t give any information, you can call the bottler and ask. But don’t be surprised if you get the run around and are transferred to several different departments. Some states have a bottled water program that tracks bottled drinking water and can tell you the origin of the source water as well as other information. [P]Safe and healthy drinking water has become big business. Thousands of companies are vying for your hard earned cash, and some are not always honest about what their products offer. The initial investment for a home drinking water filtration system can seem expensive at first, but over time, it is usually less expensive than bottled drinking water. And with a water filter, you at least know where the water you drink came from and how it was treated. [Q]Before going out and spending your hard earned money for bottled drinking water that may be no better than your own tap water, it is obviously a good idea to do some research. You are likely to decide that a drinking water filtration system and/or purifier is the healthier choice and provides the best value as well.
1．For some reasons companies that use municipal tap water as bottled water
can usually escape punishment by law.
正确答案：I
解析：根据companies和escape punishment by law可查找到I段。

该段讲到，大多瓶装水来自当地的自来水，由于瓶装饮用水的法规和标准没有居民饮用水源的法规和标准那么严格，瓶装水公司能够逃脱虚假销售的罪名。

这表明虚假销售的公司不会受到法律惩罚，题目中的escape punishment与get away with this false marketing同义。

知识模块：长篇阅读
2．If you need to know any information about bottled water, you can either ask the bottler for it or get it from the state’s bottled water program.
正确答案：O
解析：根据information，bottler和state’s bottled water program可查找到O 段。

该段提到了获得瓶装水信息的两个途径：一是打电话到瓶装饮用水企业咨询，二是有些州有追踪瓶装饮用水的项目，可以从中了解信息。

题目句子是对O段内容的概括。

知识模块：长篇阅读
3．It is required that suppliers should give yearly water quality reports for water from a municipal source.
正确答案：M
解析：根据water quality reports，municipal source查找到M段第3句。

该句讲到，如果使用的水是来自本市自来水厂，法律要求供应商每年提供水质报告。

题目是对该句子的同义改写，It is required that suppliers should．．．对应原文的Suppliers are required…. 知识模块：长篇阅读
4．In past decades, bottled drinking water was restricted to few choices.
正确答案：B
解析：根据past decades，bottled drinking water和few choices查找到B段。

该段第2句讲到，在那些日子里(即首句的In past decades)，可选择的瓶装饮用水种类很少。

题目是该句子的近义改写，was restricted to few choices对应原文的there were few choices。

知识模块：长篇阅读
5．A study found that many bottled drinking water was not as healthy as expected.
正确答案：L
解析：根据a study查找到L段。

该段承接上文，用一项研究的两个发现证实K段末句提到的“许多瓶装饮用水并不比过滤水更有益于健康，有些反倒没有过滤水那么纯净。

”题目句子是对L段内容的概括。

知识模块：长篇阅读
6．Now, tap water can also become especially pure and healthy if a right
filtration system is installed in your home.
正确答案：D
解析：根据tap water，pure and healthy和a right filtration system查找到D段最后一句。

题目是该句子的同义改写，其中filtration system与原文的filter combination所指相同。

知识模块：长篇阅读
7．One of the disadvantages of bottled water is that the plastic bottles would do harm to the environment.
正确答案：G
解析：根据plastic bottles和the environment查找到G段。

该段主要讲述使用瓶装水花费更高，其中段尾提到，这还没算上开车到商店买水的汽油费和所有空塑胶瓶对环境的影响。

可见，空塑料瓶会影响环境。

题目是对原文的the environmental impact of all the empty plastic bottles进行改写。

知识模块：长篇阅读
8．The cost of drinking water filtration system is no more than one hundred dollar each year if we allocate the total expenses equally over the life span of the system.
正确答案：E
解析：根据cost，no more than one hundred dollar和life span of the system查找到E段。

题目句子是该段第2句的同义转述，其中no more than one hundred dollar对应原文的less than $100，而allocate the total expenses equally是spread out “分摊”的同义改写。

知识模块：长篇阅读
9．As time goes by, home drinking water filtration system, which may seem expensive at the very beginning, is actually cheaper than bottled drinking water.
正确答案：P
解析：根据As time goes by，seem expensive和actually cheaper查找到P段第3句。

题目是对该句子的同义改写，其中As time goes by与原文over time对应，at the very beginning对应原文initial和at first，而cheaper对应原文less expensive。

知识模块：长篇阅读
10．When the bottled water is claimed to come from a “community water system,” it is actually tap water.
正确答案：N
解析：根据题目中的is claimed和community water system可查找到N段末句。

该句末which引导的非限制性定语从句补充说明这些瓶装水的真正性质是自来水，题目句子是对N段末句的同义改写,is claimed to对应原文的Some states．．．can tell you．．．。

知识模块：长篇阅读
Get Enough Sleep—or Else! A good night’s sleep is more important to your health than you may realize. [A]Megan Jones knew she was tired. Though it had been more than 24 hours since the 25-year-old Vancouverite returned from New Zealand, she was still recovering from jet lag. Jones had left New Zealand on Thursday at 7 am., and after a 17-hour flight she arrived in Vancouver at 7:25—Thursday morning. She forced herself to stay awake all day, hoping to force her body into sleeping through the night. [B]But getting the sleep she needed didn’t prove easy, even though she hadn’t slept in nearly 36 hours. “I barely slept that night,” Jones says. The time change had completely disrupted her sleep pattern, and she wasn’t rested when she woke at her usual 8 a.m. [C]Jones wasn’t aware just how tired she was until two hours later when she set off for the grocery store—driving into the lane of oncoming traffic. “Suddenly I knew something wasn’t right,”she says. “I wasn’t in New Zealand anymore. I was in Canada—driving on the wrong side of the road.” Luckily she was able to pull back into the right lane without incident. “There’s no question that not getting enough sleep can lead to difficulty in concentrating, says Dr. Jeffrey Lipsitz, medical director for the Sleep Disorders Centre of Metropolitan Toronto. [D]Whether the cause is jet lag, shift work, chronic insomnia, a sleep disorder or simply trying to put in extra hours at work, we’ve all experienced the exhaustion caused by lack of sleep. In fact, sleep is as important to a healthy lifestyle as eating properly and exercising. Studies have suggested that too little sleep may increase your risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes, obesity and depression. Getting a good night’s sleep is one of the simplest things you can do to stay healthy. [E]A good night’s sleep means waking up rested and energized. On average, a healthy adult requires just over eight hours of sleep a night, according to Lipsitz. However, the amount of sleep it takes to achieve rejuvenation varies from person to person. “It’s not a fixed number,” says Joseph De Koninek, professor of psychology at the University of Ottawa, adding that if you consistently get less than you need, “a sleep deficit accumulates.”[F]The time it takes for a sleep deficit to accrue depends on how consistent the problem is, says Dr. Robert Levitan, associate professor of psychiatry at the University of Toronto. “Missing a couple of hours of sleep every night for a week is probably enough.”[G]According to studies from Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, at least one third of adults have significant sleep loss(6.5 hours or less of sleep a night). A recent AC Nielsen poll shows that 19 percent of American adults get six hours or less a night. [H]Why are we so sleep deprived? “We’re so busy that We often don’t allow enough time for sleep,” says Dr. S.R. Dong of the Westcoast Sleep and Breathing Centre in Burnaby, B.C., who believes lifestyle is the main factor contributing to lack of sleep. According to the most recent General Social Survey done by Statistics Canada, 47 percent of Canadians will cut back on sleep in order to add time to their days. [I]Whether it’s rushing to get the housework done once the kids have gone to bed, attending a social function or working late, we’re sleeping less than we should. The same survey reveals that 40 percent of Canadians report trouble sleeping when they’re severely pressed for time. [J]For some, the problem lies not in finding the time to sleep but in their inability to fall asleep and stay that way.
Sleep disorders, including insomnia(失眠症)and sleep apnea(呼吸暂停), are often the culprit. Statistics Canada’s Canadian Community Health Survey says that an estimated 3.3 million Canadians over age 15 suffer from insomnia, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health reports that 70 million Americans suffer from sleep disturbances. [K]Not sleeping enough can compromise your immune system, says Stanley Coren, author of Sleep Thieves and a professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia. You eat well and exercise in order to keep your immune system up, explains Coren, but if you aren’t sleeping, you undo all that good work. “The immune system works best when you’re asleep,” he says. “That’s when your natural killer cells are generated.” Natural killer cells are produced in the bone marrow and found in the blood and lymph fluid. [L]”Natural killer cells are part of the body’s defence mechanism against viruses, bacteria, even cancer, and they do not work properly in the sleep deprived,”says Dong. A study at the Cerrahpasa Medical School in Turkey found that after 24 hours of sleep deprivation, the percentage of natural killer cells in the blood declined by 37 percent. A University of California, San Diego, study of 23 males found that one night of partial sleep deprivation reduced natural-killer-cell activity to 72 percent of normal levels. [M]Though their activity returns to normal when we begin to get proper sleep, Coren cautions that “the real problem is that a lot of damage might have been done to your body during the time that your immune system left you undefended and susceptible to infection.”[N]It’s not just your immune system that suffers when you cut down on sleep. “There is a higher rate of heart failure among people with sleep disorders and sleep disturbances,” says Dr. Michael Sole, a cardiologist at the University Health Network in Toronto. According to Sole, there is increased evidence of Creactive protein, an indicator of heart disease risk, in people suffering from sleep loss. [O]Researchers at the University of Chicago discovered that chronic sleep loss can reduce the body’s ability to regulate hormones and process carbohydrates. In their study they reduced participants’ sleep from eight to four hours a night. After less than a week, they noted changes in the body similar to the effects of early diabetes or advanced aging. “Sleep disturbances increase the likelihood of a prediabetic state and obesity,”says Sole. [P]Registered dietitian Ramona Josephson notes that insufficient sleep may affect three hormones that can contribute to obesity. There’s a decrease in leptin, the appetite-suppressing hormone found in our fat tissue, she says. Ghrelin, the hormone controlling hunger pangs, increases with lack of sleep, causing greater feelings of hunger. And our bodies produce more of the stress hormone Cortisol, which increases fat storage. Not only do the increased hormones resulting from sleep loss cause us to eat more but most of us also make poor food choices when we’re tired. “The less you sleep, the more chance you have of obesity,”Josephson says. [Q]Sleep is important in keeping not only your waistline trim, but your brain activity balanced as well, says Dr. Robert Levitan. During sleep, brain neurotransmitters—the chemicals that deliver messages between nerve cells in the brain—are replenished. “When you don’t get enough sleep, “says Levitan, “your brain chemicals become depleted and that causes emotional disturbances,”including depression, anxiety, and general feelings of anger or sadness.
11．To maintain a healthy lifestyle, enough sleep, proper eating habits and exercises are equally important.
正确答案：D
解析：根据healthy lifestyle，eating habits，exercises等查找到D段第2句。

该句子讲到，”对于健康的生活方式，睡眠和恰当的饮食及运动一样重要”，题目将原文中的同级比较as…as…改写为are equally important。

知识模块：长篇阅读
12．Not enough sleep may have an impact on certain type of hormones, the increase of which may result in a hungrier state and more fat storage.
正确答案：P
解析：根据hormones，hungrier和fat storage查找到P段。

该段提到，睡眠不足可能会影响导致肥胖症的3种激素。

后面提到其中两种激素的增加会分别造成更严重的饥饿感和脂肪储存。

题目是对原文该段前半部分的概括。

知识模块：长篇阅读
13．Lack of sleep not only affects immune system, but also increases the risk of heart disease.
正确答案：N
解析：题目同时提到了immune system和heart disease，结合句首的Lack of sleep可查找到N段。

该段首句便提到，减少睡眠影响的不仅仅是免疫系统。

接着引用Michael Sole博士的话指出睡眠不好的人发生心力衰竭的机率更高。

题目句子是对该段内容的概括。

知识模块：长篇阅读
14．Different people need different amounts of sleep to rejuvenate themselves.
正确答案：E
解析：根据amounts of sleep和rejuvenate可查找到E段第3句。

该句讲到，恢复活力所需要的睡眠时间因人而异，题目是对该句子的同义改写，其中different people与原文的varies from person to person对应；rejuvenate是原文rejuvenation 的动词形式。

知识模块：长篇阅读
15．For some people, what they are actually troubled is that they can’t get to sleep and stay that way.
正确答案：J
解析：根据some people和stay that way等查找到J段首句。

该句讲到，有些人的问题不在于找时间睡觉，而是他们无法入睡，并且总是处于这种状况。

题目是对该句子的同义改写，其中are actually troubled对应原文的the problem，而
can’t get to sleep则对应原文的in ability to fall asleep。

知识模块：长篇阅读
16．When one only gets six and a half hour or less of sleep a night, he suffers from sleep loss.
正确答案：G
解析：根据six and a half hour or less和sleep loss查找到G段首句。

该句子讲到，至少有三分之一的成年人严重睡眠不足，括号里的内容具体阐明了睡眠不足所指的时间范闱(6．5个小时或者更少)。

题目是对该句内容的同义转述。

知识模块：长篇阅读
17．Sleep plays an important role in keeping one’s physical fitness and a balanced brain activity.
正确答案：Q
解析：根据a balanced brain activity查找到Q段。

该段首句讲到，睡眠不仅有助于保持苗条的腰围，而且对保持大脑活动的平衡也很重要。

Sleep plays an important role是对Sleep is important的同义替换，physical fitness是对waistline trim的近义改写。

知识模块：长篇阅读
18．According to a medical director, lack of sleep may result in concentration problems.
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查某个人的观点。

根据关键词medical director和concentration problems可查找到C段。

该段末句直接引用了医务主任Jeffrey Lipsitz博士的话，指出没有足够的睡眠会导致注意力难以集中。

题目是对文中引语的改写，其中result in对应原文的lead to；本题句子中的concentration problems对应原文的difficulty in concentrating。

知识模块：长篇阅读
19．The sign of a good night’s sleep is that you feel vigorous and energetic when you wake up.
正确答案：E
解析：根据a good night’s sleep和wake up等可查找到E段首句。

题目是对该句子的同义改写，其中vigorous and energetic对应原文的rested and energized。

知识模块：长篇阅读
20．A professor of psychology points out natural killer cells are produced when we are asleep.
正确答案：K
解析：根据A professor of psychology和natural killer cells查找到K段。

该段倒数第2句引用了Stanley Coren的话，讲到“免疫系统运转的最佳时期是你睡
着的时候，那个时候正是产生自然杀伤细胞的时间。

”可见，题目是对该直接引语的转述。

知识模块：长篇阅读
Baby-Naming Trends [A]Over the last fifty years, American parents have radically increased the variety of names they give their children. In the 1950s, the 50 most popular names accounted for 63.4 percent of all boys born, and 52.1 percent of all girls. But by 2004, the top 50 names covered only 34.6 percent of the boys and 24.4 percent of the girls. As more people move to the United States and use popular or traditional cultural names, the variety of names increases. Also, parents from all ethnic backgrounds are now more likely to search out less common names for their children Common and Unusual Baby Names [B]Is it better to have a name common to your age group, one that everyone has heard, or an unusual name, one that may cause comment when people first hear it? Psychologists and sociologists have studied this question for years and still cannot agree on the answer. [C]On the one hand, a great deal of evidence shows that when people hear a particular name, they have strong and specific stereotypes about what sort of person bears that name. For example, most Americans expect a woman named Courtney to be attractive and successful but one named Bertha to be loud and obese. Research has found that teachers may give a higher grade to a school paper by a student named Michael than to one by Hubert, even though the papers are identical. [D]On the other hand, research that compares actual people with common first names to those with unusual names often shows the latter having an advantage. People with unusual first names are more likely to be listed in Who’s Who and are more successful as psychologists. College women with uncommon first names score higher on scales of sociability and self-acceptance; they are also more likely to have a positive sense of individuality, which helps them to resist peer pressure. [E]Why do these different studies seem contradictory? Part of the answer is that the first set of studies forced people to form impressions based on the name alone. In contrast, recent research shows that if a name includes information about an actual person, then it will compensate for most of the negative effects of stereotypes, and creates a different context in which to view a name. [F]Another reason for the conflicting results from this research is that uncommon names and names with negative images are not necessarily the same. Boys called Derry or Quinlan and girls called Gosima or Prairie will have a chance to create their own first impressions, free from established stereotypes. They can develop a positive, individual self-concept unhampered by the negative images that go along with names such as Adolf, Ethel, Myrtle, or Elmer. [G]In the final analysis, of course, your choice of a common or unusual name depends on what you believe is best for your child. After all, there are many occasions in life, such as submitting a job application or seeking admission to College, where a name does have a chance to create a positive image on its own. Having a popular name such as Emily or Jacob might be an advantage. If, on the other hand, individuality and creativity are especially important to you, a more unusual name might be better. Cultural and Ethnic Influences on Baby Names [H]Throughout the world, each child is assigned a sound or series of sounds that will be his or her name. Because that name is
a part of the language of the child’s parents, it immediately identifies the child as belonging to a particular society. So our names identify us both as individuals and as members of at group. [I]In many parts of Africa, a child’s naming day is a festive occasion that usually occurs a week or so after the birth. Girls are named sooner than boys, but only by a day or two. An older person bestows the name, first by whispering it to the baby, because a newborn should know his or her name before anyone else does, then by announcing the name to everyone attending the ceremony. [J]Many Native Americans developed naming systems in which a person’s individual name included the name of his or her clan(宗族). For example, all the members of a clan that has the bear as its totem animal have names relating to bears, such as Black-Bear Tracks and Black-Bear Flashing Eyes. [K]In some groups, children are given secret names that are not revealed until the child reaches puberty(青春期)or another important stage of life. In other Native American nations, an event that occurs at a child’s birth may become the child’s name. Today, a person living on a reservation may have one name at home but a different name when he or she is off the reservation. [L]Jewish names are some of the oldest names in use today. A Jewish boy is named officially when he is circumcised(行割礼)on the eighth day after his birth. A girl is named as soon as possible after her birth. Traditionally, an Ashkenazic Jewish child is not named for a living person for fear that the Angel of Death will mistake the child for the older person if their names are the same. Media Influences on Baby Names [M]Many names that suddenly become popular are inspired by figures in the media, whether they are real actors or athletes, such as Ashton Kutcher or Jalen Rose, or fictional characters such as the mermaid Madison in the film Splash. [N]Of course, modern parents are not the only ones affected by the media of their day. Thelma, for example, became a popular name for English and American girls after British author Marie Corelli invented it for the beautiful heroine of her bestselling novel Thelma, published in 1887. [O]But since the 1950s, television has been the most effective medium for creating new name fashions. Mallory, for example, became popular for girls when the character called Mallory appeared on Family Ties in the 1980s. Although a few American parents had named sons Dylan after Welsh poet Dylan Thomas or perhaps musician Bo
b Dylan in the 1960s, the name exploded in popularity in the 1990s after the character Dylan McKay appeared on Beverly Hills, 90210. [P]People often assume that when parents take a name from the media they want to honor the star or character who has the name. This is rarely the case. Most parents today don’t want their children to have common names, but at the same time they want the names they choose to “fit in” . They are therefore always on the lookout for “different but not too different” names, and when such a name gets a lot of exposure in the media, many parents discover it at the same time. [Q]Even horrifi
c characters can have a positive impact on a name’s use if the name itself fits in with fashionable sounds. Gage, Peyton, an
d Samara ar
e examples o
f scary film characters who nevertheless inspired namesakes(同名的人). Names in the news can also have an effect. The number of American girls named Camille increased by 50 percent in 1969 and 1970 after Hurricane Camille hit the Gulf Coast. And the number of girls named Katrina increased in 2006 in spite of the name’s association with a
huge natural disaster. [R]Any media popular with people in their 20s and 30s can create a fashion for a name. Popular music inspires names both through songs, such as Rhiannon, and singers, such as Shania. Today’s young parental generation is now starting to discover baby names like Raiden and Rinoa through video and computer games. Some parents are still inspired by novels, as shown by names such as Arya and Novalee. Science fiction and fantasy books, video games, and films are particularly noticeable as name sources, probably because these stories often require writers to create brand-new names.
21．On the ceremony, the name is whispered to the baby before it is publicly announced.
正确答案：I
解析：根据whispered to the baby和announced定位到I段。

该段说的是非洲一些地区给孩子起名的情况。

本题句子表述与该段末句相符，句中before转述原文first by…then by．．．两个动作的先后顺序。

知识模块：长篇阅读
22．TV has played an important role in creating new and fashionable names.
正确答案：O
解析：根据TV定位到O段。

首句提到，从20世纪50年代起，电视成了引导名字的流行时尚最有效的媒介。

本题句子是对原文的同义转述，题目中的played an important role对应原文的the most effective medium。

知识模块：长篇阅读
23．In some nations, one may be named after an important event that happens at his birth.
正确答案：K
解析：根据event和at his birth定位到K段第2句。

本题句子的may be named after对应原文的may become the child’s name。

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24．The established stereotypes about names may have an impact on teachers when they give grades to students’ papers.
正确答案：C
解析：根据stereotypes，teachers和give grades定位到C段。

该段说，很多证据显示当人们听到一个特别的名字时，他们会对取了那个名字的人形成一种强烈的刻板印象。

还举例说明：研究发现，老师改论文的时候，即使论文质量一样，他给叫迈克尔的学生的分数往往会高于叫休伯特的。

本题句子是对末句的同义转述。

知识模块：长篇阅读
25．A popular name may be more advantageous than an unusual one when one
intends to apply for a position.
正确答案：G
解析：根据advantageous和apply for a position定位到G段。

文中提到，在很多生活情境中，例如找工作或者考大学，名字本身确实能塑造出一个正面形象，并举例指出a popular name可能会是一种优势(an advantage)。

本题句子的intends to apply for a position对应原文的submitting a job application。

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26．In some culture, parents usually avoid giving their children a name shared by a living person.
正确答案：L
解析：根据a living person定位到L段。

末句提到，传统上日尔曼犹太人的小孩不会取活着的人的名字，以防死神将他们错当成同名的大人带走。

本题句子是对原文的同义转述。

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27．Parents take names from the media mainly because such names are considered different but not too different.
正确答案：P
解析：根据parents take names from the media和different but not too different 定位到P段。

该段讨论了家长喜欢使用出现在媒体上的名字的原因：大多数父母都不想给孩子取一个普通的名字，但同时，他们又想选一个“合适”的名字。

他们总是留心着那些“与众不同但又不是太离格”的名字。

本题句子概括了原文意思。

知识模块：长篇阅读
28．Due to ethnic immigration, the variety of names in the US increases.
正确答案：A
解析：根据the variety of names，increases和ethnic定位到A段。

最后两句提到，随着越来越多的人移民到美国，并且这些人喜欢用流行的或带有文化传统的名字，这使美国人的名字变得更为多样化。

本题句子的ethnic immigration对应原文的people move to the United States。

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29．Research shows that people with unusual first names tend to gain an advantage over those with common ones.
正确答案：D
解析：根据unusual first names，an advantage和common定位到D段。

首句提到，对那些名字普通和那些名字少见的现实生活中的人进行的对比研究经常显示后者有优势。

本题句子与该句表述一致。

知识模块：长篇阅读
30．More girls were named after a hurricane even though it might remind。