如何判定定语从句中关系代词前的介词.3doc

如何判定定语从句中关系代词前的介词
一. 1.考查定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯
（a）看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配
Water is the natural medium _____ which fish live.（注意搭配）
The documents _____which they were searching have been recovered.
This is a subject______ which we might argue for a long while.（注意搭配argue about）
I wanted to find someone______ whom I could discuss books and music.（注意搭配discuss sth with sb）
The boy （whom）
（b）
He referred me to some reference books_____ which I am not very familiar. 他要我去参考一些我不熟悉的参考书。

2. 考查先行词与介词的搭配习惯
这类考题往往要根据具体的语境来选择介词。

如：
This is our classroom，______________________ which there is a teacher’s desk.
I’ll never forget the day _________ which she said goodbye to me.
3. 考查表示所属关系的_________________
On the blackboard the teacher wrote a sentence，the meaning_______which I don’t understand. 老师在黑板上写了一个句子，句子的意思我不明白。

（注意搭配the meaning of the sentence）
4. 考查表示整体与部分关系的_____________
I have five English dictionaries_______which Longman Dictionary is the best. 我有5本英语词典，其中最好的是朗文词典。

（注意搭配of the five dictionaries）
The buses，_______which were already full，were surrounded by an angry crowd. 多数公共汽车已经上满了人，周围是一伙愤怒的群众。

I met the fruit-pickers，_______whom were university students. 我碰到那些摘水果的人，其中有好几个是大学生。

5. 考查表示同位关系的_______________
Her sons，_____________whom work abroad，rang her up this morning. 她的两个儿子都在国外工作，今天早上给她打了电话。

（注意搭配_____________）
二、关系副词when，where，why可用“介词＋which”来代替。

关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词。

其中
when=表时间的介词（如：in，at,during等）+which；
Where=表地点的介词（如：in，at,on,under等）+which；
Why=表原因的介词（如：for）+which
三、关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义（重中之重）
1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。

I never forget the day ________ I came to this school.
二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。

This is the iPad _________ I spent 3000 yuan.
3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。

This is my pair of glasses, _________I cannot see clearly.
例题：用“介词+关系代词”的形式表示
1. Do you like the book __________ she learned a lot?
2. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most ______ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
3. The tower _________ people can have a good view is on the hill.
注意：
介词+关系代词
1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。

2）that前不能有介词。

3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when,where和why互换。