2018-2019学年高中一轮复习英语讲义：必修四 Unit 1 Women of achievement 含答案

Unit 1 Women of achie v ement
一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
[第一屏听写]
1．welfare n．福利；福利事业2．project n. 项目；工程；规划3．institute n. 学会；学院；协会4．specialist n. 专家；专业工作者5．shade n. 荫；阴凉处
v t.遮住光线
6．bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带
[第二屏听写]
7．nest n．巢；窝
8．outspoken adj.直言的；坦诚9．entertainment n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演10．career n. 事业；生涯
11．rate n. 比率；速度12．emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况13．determination n. 决心；果断
14．modest adj.谦虚的；谦让的；适度的
[第三屏听写]
Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
1．achievement n．成就；功绩2．connection n. 连接；关系
3．campaign n. 运动；战役
v i.作战；参加运动
4．organization n. 组织；机构；团体
5．behave v t.& v i.举动；(举止或行为)表现6．behaviour n. 行为；举止；习性
7．worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的
8．observe v t.观察；观测；遵守
[第四屏听写]
9．observation n．观察；观测
10．childhood n. 童年；幼年时代
11．respect v t.& n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意
12．argue v t.& v i.讨论；辩论；争论
13．argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵
14．crowd n. 人群；观众
v t.挤满；使拥挤
15．inspire v t.鼓舞；激发；启示
[第五屏听写]
16．inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞
17．support n．& v t.支持；拥护
18．refer v i.谈到；查阅；参考
19．audience n. 观众；听众；读者
20．sickness n. 疾病；恶心
21．intend v t.计划；打算
22．generation n. 一代；一辈
[第六屏听写]
23．kindness n．仁慈；好意
24．considerate adj.考虑周到的
25．consideration n. 考虑；体谅
26．deliver v t.递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等) 27．human_being 人
28．move_off 离开；起程；出发
29．lead_a_..._life 过着……的生活
[第七屏听写]
30．crowd_in(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海
31．look_down_upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起
32．refer_to 查阅；参考；谈到33．by_chance 碰巧；凑巧
34．come_across (偶然)遇见；碰见35．carry_on 继续；坚持
二、刷清单——热身自盘点(再过基本应用关) (一)核心单词
(二)常用短语
一、过重点单词——纵引横联超人一点
1．behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现
[教材原句] Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.
简已经研究这些黑猩猩家族很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。

单句语法填空
①He told his pupils to_behave (behave) well and not to chat while listening to a lecture. ②I think all of us should mind our behaviour (behave) in public places. 补全句子
③Behave_yourself in public and you will win the respect of most of us. 在公众场合举止得体才能赢得我们大多数人的尊重。

2．observe vt.观察；观测；遵守；庆祝；注意到
[教材原句] She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. 她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动。

[一词多义] 写出下列句中observe 的含义
①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守
②It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.庆祝
③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.观察 ④The thief was observed to open the window and run away.注意到 [归纳拓展]
The guard observed a young man stealing (steal) from the office, and he tried to approach
him quietly.
门卫注意到一位年轻人正从办公室里偷东西，他试图悄悄地靠近他。

3．respect vt.&
n ．尊敬；尊重；敬意
[教材原句] For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.
40年来，简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。

单句语法填空
①She is_respected (respect) for her kindness and broad knowledge. 单句改错
②I hope airlines can show more respect to passengers and improve service.to→for
③Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice, out of the respect for farmers' labor. 去掉the
一句多译
我们非常尊敬我们的英语老师。

她的谦虚和良好的举止给我们留下了深刻的印象。

④We show_great_respect_for our English teacher. Her modesty and good behaviour make_a_deep_impression_on us.(简单句)
⑤We_show_great_respect_for_our_English_teacher_because_her_modesty_and_good _behaviour_make_a_deep_impression_on_us. (原因状语从句)
4．argue vi.& vt.争论；辩论；讨论；证明
[教材原句]She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.
她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。

单句语法填空
①As far as I know, they argue for the right to vote.
②They argued with the waiter about/over/on the price of the meal.
③Now that we've heard all the arguments (argue) for and against the plan, shall we vote on it?
一句多译
说服农民相信科学种田是我们的任务。

④It is our task to_argue_the_peasants_into_believing scientific farming.(argue)
⑤To_persuade_the_peasants_into_believing/to_believe scientific farming is our task.(persuade)
⑥Our task is to_talk_the_peasants_into_believing scientific farming.(talk)
[联想发散]
“说服某人做某事”的其他表达形式
①persuade sb. to do sth.
②persuade sb. into doing sth.
③convince sb. to do sth.
④talk sb. into doing sth.
5．support vt.& n．支持；拥护；赡养；养活
[教材原句]Jane was permitted to begin her work after her mother came to support her.
简在妈妈来帮助她之后才得到允许开始工作。

同义替换
①He had to do an extra job after work, for he had a big family to feed (＝support)．
补全句子
②When he was about to give up the struggle, his companions came_to_his_support.
正当他要放弃斗争之际，他的同伴们来支持他了。

③Only a few people spoke in_support_of his plan, which made him very disappointed.
只有少数人支持他的计划，这使他很失望。

6．intend vt.计划；打算
[教材原句]I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.
我细细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。

单句语法填空
①The school being built at present is said to be intended for the disabled children.
②I'm writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I intend to_join/joining (join) a Dragon Boat Training Camp.(2015·北京高考书面表达)
③They had_intended (intend) to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
补全句子
④This programme was set up with_an_intention_of providing help to homeless people.
开展这项活动的目的是给无家可归的人提供帮助。

句式升级
The programme turned out to be successful. The programme was intended to offer/offering children regular opportunities to develop confidence and independence.
⑤The programme which/that_was_intended_to_offer/offering children regular opportunities to develop confidence and independence turned out to be successful.(定语从句)
⑥The programme intended_to_offer/offering children regular opportunities to develop confidence and independence turned out to be successful.(分词作定语)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The little boy's bad behaviour (behave) at the party made his parents upset.
2．With our teacher supporting (support) us, we feel quite encouraged.
3．He is such a great man that all of us show our respect for him.
4．Computers have replaced televisions as our most popular form of entertainment (entertain)．
5．The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics for those great achievements (achieve) made by her.
6．It is generally believed that there is a connection (connect) between smoking and lung cancer.
7．International Committee of the Red Cross is one of the biggest international organizations (organize) in the world.
8．They launched a campaign to_fight (fight) against pollution and protect the environment.
9．The international agreement, intended (intend) to encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February.
10．He was unhappy because many people argued against his plan.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Inspiring by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder. Inspiring→Inspired
2．They were observed enter the manager's office last night.observed后加to
3．It is considerate for you not to make any noise while the others are having a rest.for→of
4．Scenes from the past crowded in him.in后加on
5．At that time, Lin Qiaozhi was one of the most famous medical specialist in China.specialist→specialists
6．I don't think it worthwhile devote so much time to discussing the matter.devote→devoting Ⅲ.根据提示词补全句子
1．(2015·江苏高考书面表达)监督他们遵守社会秩序并靠右行驶是每一个人的责任。

(observe)
It is everybody's duty to_observe_them_keep_our_society_in_order and going on the right track.
2．(2013·天津高考书面表达)为了提高我们的英语水平，让更多的学生对英语感兴趣，我打算在学校组织一些活动。

(intend)
To improve our English level and get more students interested in English, I intend_to_organize/organizing_some_activities_at_school.
3．把钱花在有价值的事业上你是明智的。

(worthwhile)
It is wise of you to spend_the_money_on_a_worthwhile_career.
4．在过去的几年里，中国在环保方面取得了巨大成就。

(achievement)
In the last few years, China has_made_great_achievements in environmental protection.
5．今天下午校长将给来访外宾发表演说。

(deliver)
The headmaster will deliver_a_speech_to the visiting foreign guests this afternoon.
二、过短语、句式——学通学活靓人一眼
1．refer to谈到；参考；查阅；提及
[经典例句]The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.
这位科学家将这一发现称作是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新进展。

[练牢基点]写出下列句中refer to的含义
①When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or Web pages.查阅
②Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.参考
③We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及
[系统考点]
④People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”．
⑤The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference (refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.(2015·天津高考书面表达)
2．carry on继续；坚持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)
[高考佳句]I hate it when she calls me at work —I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.(2016·天津高考单选)
我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。

同义替换
①If you continue (＝carry_on) working like that, you will break down sooner or later.
单句改错
②First of all, the most significant thing is to set a goal, work out a plan and carry on your plan step by step.on→out
补全句子
③He asked us to assist him in carrying_through his plan.
他请求我们帮他完成计划。

[名师指津]carry on既可用作及物动词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。

once_it_is_formed.(2014·江西高考书面表达)
我们必须明白：习惯一旦形成，就很难，甚至有时几乎不可能改掉。

②You will be successful in the interview once_you_have_confidence.
在面试时你一旦有了自信心，就一定会成功。

③Once_broadcast,_the TV play will be very popular with young people.
一旦开播，这部电视剧就会很受年轻人的欢迎。

time.
突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。

类似的结构还有：
①Suddenly it_hit_me_that he was trying to ask me to forgive him.
我突然意识到他是要我原谅他。

②It_happened_that they spent their childhood in the same village.
碰巧他们的童年是在同一个村子度过的。

一句多译
住院一个星期后我突然了解到没有比健康更重要的东西了。

③After hospital life for a week, it_hit_me_that nothing is more important than health.(hit)
④After hospital life for a week, it_struck_me_that nothing is more important than health.(strike)
⑤After hospital life for a week, it_occurred_to_me_that nothing is more important than health.(occur)
Ⅰ.选词填空
crowd into，refer to，look down upon，work out，lead a busy life
1．Therefore, there is no reason for us to look_down_upon ordinary jobs.
2．I lead_a_busy_life every day, so free time is very precious to me.
3．Having worked_out the difficult math problem, the boy felt a sense of achievement.
4．On National Day, thousands of people crowded_into the small town.
5．The teacher asked us not to refer_to our books or dictionaries when we were in the exam.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．一旦感情被伤害了，很难去恢复，不管你做出多少努力。

Once_feelings_were_hurt,_it is difficult to recover, no matter how much effort you make.
2．在回家的路上，我突然想起我把她的生日给忘了。

On the way home, it_hit_me_that I had forgotten her birthday.
3．学习英语中最重要的是要有足够的训练。

What_matters_most_in_learning_English is enough practice.
4．既然他乐意帮助我们，为什么不向他求助呢？
Now that he is willing to do us a favour, why_not_turn_to_him_for_help?
Ⅲ.一句多译
1．事实上，他的粗心以及懒惰导致了他的失败。

①As a matter of fact, his carelessness as well as laziness led_to_his_failure.
②As a matter of fact, it_was_his_carelessness_as_well_as_laziness_that led to his failure.(强调句)
2．就我看来，只有通过努力学习你才能在学习上取得进步。

①As far as I'm concerned, only by studying hard will_you_make_progress in your study.(倒装句)
②As far as I'm concerned, it_is_only_by_studying_hard_that you will make progress in your study.(强调句)
3．在去博物馆的路上，我碰巧遇到了我的一个老师。

①On my way to the museum, I came_across one of my teachers.
②On my way to the museum, I met one of my teachers by_chance.
4．晚饭结束了，经理们回到会议室继续他们的讨论。

①With the supper over, the managers went back to the meeting room to go_on_with_their_discussion. (go)
②The supper over, the managers went back to the meeting room to carry_on_with_their _discussion.(carry)
三、过语法、写作——写对写美高人一筹
(一)单元小语法——主谓一致
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2017·天津高考单选)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, is_regarded (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is (be) often acceptable.
3．Not only the English teacher but also his students like (like) playing Chinese chess.
4．Neither he nor I know (know) the answer to the question.
5．Look, there are (be) three sheep eating grass under the tree.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．When and where to go for the coming holiday haven't been decided yet.haven't→hasn't 2．Friendship is very important to everyone, especially to me.Now, I would like to describe one of my best friends whose name are Petou.are→is
3．Ben is my good friend.We are of the same age.I like being with him because he often make me happy.make→makes
4．One-third of the students has finished their homework up to now.has→have
5．A large number of people is to attend his birthday party next evening.is→are
(二)课堂微写作练补写——让行文更条理
[题目要求]
假定你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史伟大人物——宋庆龄。

请你给Jim回一封100词左右的信件。

[补写提示]请按下列提示线索补写下列习作
Dear Jim，
It's great to hear from you.I feel proud of knowing your interest in Chinese history.The following are something about Song Qingling.
家庭背景→献身于妇女儿童福利事业→向她学习
If you are interested in knowing more, I'm more than glad to help you.
Yours，
Li Hua
[答案示例]
Dear Jim，
It's great to hear from you.I feel proud of knowing your interest in Chinese history.The following are something about Song Qingling.
Born_into_a_rich_family_in_Shanghai,_Song_Qingling_not_only_got_a_good_education_b ut_also_went_to_study_in_the_USA.Being_kind-hearted_and_easy-going_for_her_whole_life,_s he_devoted_herself_to_the_women_and_children_in_later_years.She_started_the_China_Welfare _Institute,_which_is_intended_to_serve_woman_and_children.
Having_made_great_contributions_to_the_welfare_of_women_and_children_in_China,_she _is_highly_thought_of_by_the_world._In_a_word,_she_is_such_a_great_woman_that_I_think_w e_all_should_learn_from_her.
If you are interested in knowing more, I'm more than glad to help you.
Yours，
Li Hua
练(一)语言知识运用保分练(1篇完形＋1篇语法填空，限时25分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空
(2018·长春检测二)When my husband Ian died in 2014, ten days after being diagnosed with cancer, I was completely broken up. He was just 54. We'd planned to __1__ together and live the years to the fullest.
At first, the __2__ of spending the following years of my life without him left me feeling
__3__. I was in deep __4__ having lost him. But as time passed, I began to __5__ that life is so precious, and none of us can __6__ what's around the corner.
I realized I could sit at home and __7__ Ian, __8__ I could make the most of every moment of my life. Three months __9__ he died, a friend mentioned a choir run by a __10__ Tenovus Cancer Care, which was for anyone __11__ by cancer. I've __12__ loved to sing, so I agreed. That decision really has changed my __13__.
We rehearse (排练) once a week and perform __14__ to raise money. We sing inspiring songs like You'v e Got a Friend which really __15__ all of us.
Spending time with the choir, I have not only made a whole new friendship circle, but I feel so __16__，which has been fantastic for my __17__ well-being.
I __18__ money for the charity too, including traveling a long way to Machu Picchu, where I scattered (播撒) some of Ian's ashes. I know Ian would __19__ my decision to look after myself.
Living a good life, and finding ways to enjoy my retirement, is the best __20__ I can offer him.
语篇解读：本文为一篇记叙文，描述了作者在突然失去丈夫后的迷茫以及走出阴霾、积极面对生活的心路历程。

1．A.die B．retire
C．live D．sing
解析：选B根据上文提到了作者丈夫去世时的年龄为54岁及文章最后一段中的retirement可知，此处指作者与丈夫之前曾计划过一起退休(retire)后的生活。

故选B项。

2．A.feeling B．thought
C．sense D．hope
解析：选B丈夫的去世让作者崩溃，由此可以推断，此处指作者对未来生活的担忧，thought意为“想法”更符合语境。

3．A.lost B．tired
C．excited D．relaxed
解析：选A根据常识可知，丈夫突然去世作者应是感到迷茫的(lost)。

故选A项。

4．A.trouble B．breath
C．shock D．regret
解析：选C从原来美好的憧憬到突然的失去，让作者备受打击。

shock意为“打击；震惊”，符合语境。

5．A.wonder B．understand
C．forget D．remember
解析：选B根据设空后的“life is so precious”及下文中对作者参加活动的描述可知，随着时间的推移，作者明白了生命的珍贵。

故选B项。

C．predict D．leave
解析：选C根据设空后的“around the corner”可知，此处指没有人能预测即将发生什么。

故选C项。

7．A.mourn for B．wait for
C．look after D．talk with
解析：选A作者意识到生命的珍贵，因此此处要作出选择，要么在家哀悼丈夫，要么积极面对生活。

mourn for意为“悼念”，符合语境。

8．A.and B．so
C．for D．or
解析：选D此处表示作者的不同选择：是待在家中悼念丈夫还是走出去积极面对生活，空格前后之间为选择关系。

故选D项。

9．A.before B．after
C．since D．as
解析：选B此处表示在作者丈夫去世之后，故选B项。

10．A.charity B．company
C．club D．hospital
解析：选A根据第14空后的“to raise money”及第18空后的“the charity”可知，这是一个慈善机构。

故选A项。

11．A.killed B．defeated
C．scared D．affected
解析：选D作者的丈夫死于癌症，而作者参加这样的活动得以改变人生，由此可推断，这个机构的目的在于帮助像作者这样受癌症影响的人。

故选D项。

12．A.hardly B．seldom
C．always D．often
解析：选C此处表示作者一直喜欢唱歌，所以参加慈善机构的排练活动。

故选C项。

13．A.mind B．life
C．dream D．goal
解析：选B根据下文的描述可知，参加慈善演唱的决定改变了作者的生活，使作者从悲伤中走了出来。

故选B项。

14．A.dances B．plays
C．services D．concerts
解析：选D根据文中提到的关键信息“rehearse”和“We sing inspiring songs”可知，此处应与歌唱和排练相呼应，指举行音乐会来筹钱。

故选D项。

C．push D．impress
解析：选D根据“inspiring songs”可知，这些歌曲给作者他们留下了深刻的印象。

故选D项。

16．A.skillful B．cautious
C．secure D．positive
解析：选D根据“I have not only made a whole new friendship circle”可知，作者建立了新的朋友圈，说明这些活动让作者走出阴霾，从而积极面对生活。

故选D项。

17．A.mental B．physical
C．social D．economic
解析：选A作者通过参加这些活动走出阴霾，说明作者拥有了良好的心理(mental)状态。

故选A项。

18．A.spend B．save
C．raise D．earn
解析：选C作者除了与合唱团一起为慈善尽力，自己也通过个人活动来筹集善款。

故选C项。

19．A.approve of B．care about
C．be opposed to D．be sorry about
解析：选A作者走出悲伤，积极乐观地生活，相信丈夫会支持她好好生活。

approve of 意为“赞成”，符合语境。

20．A.award B．experience
C．comfort D．help
解析：选C文章最后是作者的感悟：好好生活便是对丈夫最好的慰藉。

故选C项。

Ⅱ.语法填空
It was late afternoon __1__ our car stopped in front of a school in Shuanggou, Jiangsu Province. I had been selected __2__ (head) out to this disadvantaged school. I had been looking __3__ (excite) to the opportunity to do some volunteering in China. As __4__ matter of fact, once the two-day visit was done, my co-worker and I were thinking about another trip here in the future.
Greeted by smiling teachers and directors, then we __5__ (direct) to a guest room for a rest. There were five of us here, __6__ (include) two girls from Canada and one from Sri Lanka.
The __7__ (wonder) thing about the kids is that they don't let poverty keep them down. They were all smiling upon seeing us. Some boys grabbed my hand at once to shake it. Girls stood back and took photos of the __8__ (foreign) as they pushed through a sea of screaming kids.
It's a tiring experience but we gained a great deal of __9__ (satisfy) from it. Whether we were in class or kicking a ball around with 300 of our closest friends, we were moved by just how eager these kids were to have access __10__ a stranger for a few short hours.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。

作者和另外几个外国人一起来到一所贫困学校支教，这次志愿者活动给作者留下了深刻的印象。

1．when主句中的“It”指时间，此处是“It be＋时间名词＋when引导的状语从句”句型。

2．to head select sb. to do sth.“挑选某人做某事”，故用不定式作宾语补足语。

3．excitedly我一直激动地盼望着能有机会在中国做一些志愿者工作。

空格前的looking 不是系动词，而是与空格后的介词to构成look to sth.“期望某事”这一搭配。

故本空在句中不是作表语，而是作状语，因此填副词excitedly。

4．a as a matter of fact表示“实际上，事实上”，故填a。

5．were directed此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；且direct“引导，为(某人)领路”与主语we之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。

6．including我们一行五人来到这里，包括两个来自加拿大的女孩和一个来自斯里兰卡的女孩。

include“包括”与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。

7．wonderful空格处作定语修饰thing，故用wonder的形容词形式wonderful“令人赞叹的”。

8．foreigners分析句子结构可知，空格处应填一个名词；再根据as引导的时间状语从句的主语they可知，空格处用名词复数形式。

故填foreigners。

9．satisfaction根据空格前修饰不可数名词的短语“a great deal of”可知，应填不可数名词。

satisfaction“满足”。

10．to have access to是固定搭配，意为“有权使用，可以见到”。

练(二)主观题强化增分练(1篇语法填空＋1篇短改＋1篇写作，限时45分钟)
Ⅰ.语法填空
Wu Zetian, the only woman emperor to rule ancient China, is considered __1__ one of the most powerful women in Chinese history.
She was born into a(n) __2__ (wealth) family with great beauty and intelligence.This beautiful girl, unlike others in ancient China, __3__ (be) in favour of reading and often travelled around the country with her father when she was young, __4__ increased her knowledge and developed her talents.When she was about fourteen, she __5__ (send) to the palace and married to the Emperor.After many difficulties and hardships, she __6__ (successful) made herself queen.A few years after Emperor Gaozong died, Wu Zetian changed the name of the Dynasty Tang to Zhou, and became Empress.__7__ seemed like a hard task for women to be rulers in ancient times, but Wu Zetian succeeded.When she ruled the country, she supported economic and cultural __8__
(develop) and improved people's living quality.She also encouraged girls to go to school __9__ (study)．Before then, girls were not allowed to go to school.
Wu Zetian died at the age of 82, __10__ (leave) a gravestone without any words on it.Although the Zhou Dynasty only lasted for one generation, it marked an important period in Chinese history.
语篇解读：本文介绍了中国历史上唯一的一位女皇帝——武则天。

1．as be considered as ...意为“被认为是……”。

2．wealthy设空处作定语修饰family，表示“富裕的”，故填wealthy。

3．was设空处所在句主语为This beautiful girl，谓语应用单数形式，且由“when she was young”可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填was。

4．which设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明“This beautiful girl ...when she was young”这件事，故填which。

5．was sent she与send之间是被动关系，且由“When she was about fourteen”可知，send 所表示的动作发生在过去，故填was sent。

6．successfully设空处作状语修饰made，故填successfully。

7．It设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是to be rulers in ancient times，故填It。

8．development设空处作宾语，表示“发展”，故填development。

9．to study女孩子们去上学的目的是学习，girls与study之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填to study。

10．leaving设空处作状语，Wu Zetian与leave之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且leave所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填leaving。

Ⅱ.短文改错
(2018·南昌一模)It is known that some students cheat in exams. It has three reason. First of all, there are so many exams. Beside, the exams given are difficulty in some way. Secondly, some students have to cheat in exams because of they are too lazy. The last reason is to please our parents and teachers. For some students, low marks brought them great pressure and make them depressing.
In my opinion, cheating in exams are wrong. We should take active attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark what is true as well as good.
答案：第二句：reason→reasons
第四句：Beside→Besides; difficulty→difficult
第五句：去掉of
第六句：our→their
第七句：brought→bring; depressing→depressed
第八句：are→is
第九句：active前加an; what→that/which
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2018·东北三省四市模拟)假如你是李华，得知某英文报社要评选“The Most Qualified Student”(最美中学生)，请你用英语给编辑写一封推荐信。

要点如下：
1．介绍被推荐人(林扬)的基本信息；
2．说明推荐理由。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Editor，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua 参考范文：
Dear Editor，
I'm a senior high school student and I happened to hear that you were hosting an activity to select The Most Qualified Student. It is a great honour for me to introduce to you one of my best friends, Lin Yang.
First of all, he, who is among the most diligent students in our school, not only studies hard but also behaves well. Secondly, he stands out for his diverse hobbies, including painting and playing the violin. Last but not least, he is warm-hearted and willing to help others in need.
Therefore, I here recommend him to you with all my heart and I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest possible moment.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua。