高一上学期期末联考英语试题 (2)

【全国百强校】甘肃省宁县2020-2021学年高一上学期期末
联考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读选择
Dear Dani,
My friend makes up stories about things she has done all the time and other people at school believe her. What should I do?
Anna Dani says:
Often people make things up because they’re worried that they are not interesting. So let your friend know that she doesn’t need stories to make friends or impress (给……留下深刻印象) others. Point out that when others discover the truth, they won’t be impressed a t all. Dear Dani,
I have two best friends and they’re always leaving me out! They never invite me to anything. What can I do?
Tom Dani says:
Groups of three can be very difficult because one person often gets left out. Your friends may not realize how you feel. Talk to them about this and agree to plan the next outing together. With a bit of effort, a group of three can be a wonderful friendship!
Dear Dani,
I told my friend a secret, but then I found out she told it to somebody else. What can I do?
Daisy Dani says:
We all make mistakes so give your friend another chance. But tell her that your secret is important to you and that she must not do this again. If your friend finds it hard to keep a secret, be careful what you tell her in future.
Dear Dani,
I’m friends with a boy, but some girls keep laughing at me about it. Can’t girls be friends with boys as well?
Mary
Of course girls can be friends with boys. Some girls laugh at this because they don’t really know any boys. Carry on enjoying your friendship. If the girls got to know this boy, they might stop teasing you. Why not invite one or two of them along next time you meet him? 1．What’s worrying Anna?
A．Her friend keeps telling lies. B．Her friend is not interesting.
C．Her friend does not believe her. D．Her friend reads her terrible stories. 2．Whose friend has a big mouth?
A．Tom. B．Mary.
C．Anna. D．Daisy.
3．The underlined word “teasing” in the last paragraph probably means “_____”. A．avoiding B．hating
C．making fun of D．taking pity on
A young woman carrying a three-year-old child got on a bus．The conductor hurried to give her a warm welcome and then kindly asked the other passengers to make more room for the woman and her child．On seeing this, people were surprised and began to talk．．"You know this conductor used to be very rude．Now suddenly he has changed his bad behavior , "said a middle-aged man．
"Yes, he should be praised and we must write a letter to the company," said a second passenger．"That's right," another lady said, "I wish a newspaper reporter were here so that more people could learn from this conductor．”
Just then a gentleman who looked like a teacher turned to the conductor and said, "Excuse me, but can I know your name, please? Your excellent service must be praised．．．" Before he could open his mouth, the three-year-old child sitting on the young woman's lap interrupted, "I know his name．I call him Dad．"
4．The passengers were ________ to see the conductor's kindness to the woman and the child．A．excited B．pleased
C．interested D．surprised
5．One passenger suggested writing a letter to the company to ______．
A．make a demand for more buses B．praise the conductor for his good service C．criticize the conductor for his rude behavior D．invite a newspaper reporter to write about
6．The word "he" in the last paragraph refers to _______．
A．the gentleman B．the conductor
C．the middle-aged man D．the three-year-old child
7．It is clear from the story that the conductor _______．
A．has changed his attitude towards his work
B．has been kind and polite to all passengers now
C．has not changed his rude behavior to passengers
D．has been kind and polite to women with children now
When I was 8 years old, I decided to run away from home after a quarrel with my mother. With my suitcase(行李箱) packed and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door.
My mom asked where I was going. “I’m leaving home,” I said.
“What’s that you’re carrying?” she asked.
“Some clothes and food,” I replied.
“If you want to run away, that’s all right,” she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.”
I threw my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor and started for the door again.
“Wait a minute,” Mom said. “You didn’t have any clothes on when you arrived, and I want them back.”
This infuriated me. I tore my clothes off — shoes, socks, underwear and all — and shouted, “Can I go now?”
“Yes,” my mom answered, “but once you close that door, don’t expect to come back.”
I was so angry that I shut the door forcefully and stepped out of my home. Then I noticed down the street two neighbor girls walking toward our house. I was so shy that I saw the big spruce (云杉) tree in our yard and jumped under the low-hanging branches (树枝). A pile of dried-up brown needles (针状物) were beneath the tree, and you can’t imagine the pain those sharp needles caused to my body.
After I was sure the girls had passed by, I ran to the front door and knocked at it loudly.
“It’s Billy! Let me in!”
The voice behind the door answered, “Billy doesn’t live here anymore. He ran away from
home.”
Looking behind me to see if anyone else was coming down the street, I said, “Mom! I’m sorry. I’m still your son. Let me in!”
The door opened and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your mind about running away?” she asked.
“What’s for supper?” I smiled back.
8．When the author was leaving home, his mother ordered him to _____.
A．stay at home B．take some sandwiches
C．leave everything behind D．check his suitcase carefully
9．Which of the following can best describe the author’s mom?
A．Selfish and proud. B．Strict but loving.
C．Kind and helpful. D．Wise but impatient.
10．Why did the author jump under the low-hanging branches?
A．To avoid being seen. B．To find some needles.
C．To play a joke on the two girls. D．To attract the two girls’ attention. 11．The last sentence “What’s for supper?” mainly shows that the author _____.
A．felt very hungry at that time B．changed his plan not to leave home any longer
C．wished to eat something before leaving D．wanted to know what his mother prepared for supper
Elephants might be the most well-known and well-loved animal in African wildlife. But conservation (保护) of the African elephant still faces special difficulties. While the elephant population is half of what it was 40 years ago, some areas of Africa have more elephants than populated areas can support. That’s why AWF scientists are studying e lephant behavior, protecting habitats and finding ways for humans to live peacefully with elephants in Africa.
Years ago, overhunting and the ivory trade were the biggest threats to elephants’survival. Luckily, ivory bans (禁令), hunting rules and protected areas protect elephants from these dangers today.
The 21st century brings a different challenge to elephant conservation—land-use. Elephants walk across borders and outside parks and other protected areas. So they often
destroy crops, causing conflicts (冲突) between local farmers and these big animals.
Successful conservation strategies (策略) must allow elephants to walk freely in their natural habitats while reducing conflicts between elephants and local people.
AWF researchers are searching for a way to give both elephants and people the space they need. The AWF is collecting information on elephant habitats and behavior. The information they gather will help to develop the widest possible space for elephants.
The AWF is helping elephants by protecting their habitats. And they also work with local famers to improve their life in order to encourage them to protect rather than destroy elephants. 12．The first paragraph of the text is mainly to tell readers _____.
A．African elephants are endangered now
B．there remains a lot to do to protect African elephants
C．African elephants are popular animals
D．the number of African elephants has increased over the years
13．What is the biggest difficulty in protecting African elephants now?
A．They are still being killed. B．Their habitats are being destroyed. C．They don’t have enough food.D．They can’t live in peace with farmers. 14．To protect elephants, the AWF does all the following EXCEPT _____.
A．keeping elephants B．protecting elephants’ habitats C．doing research on elephants D．helping farmers improve their life 15．What is the best title for the text?
A．African elephants conservation B．Living with African elephants C．African elephants’ situation D．African elephants being endangered
二、七选五
Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule
From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often：ability, money, and time. 16．Money is a topic I'll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：
1. Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I'm already hungry and there's nothing ready to eat. So think ahead of the coming week. When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials already? 17．
2. Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread? 18．It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.
3. 19．This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.
Hopefully that gives you a good start. 20．And don't let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!
A．Try new things.
B．Ability is easily improved.
C．Make three or four instead.
D．Understand your food better.
E.Cooking is a burden for many people.
F.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.
G.A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.
三、完形填空
A little boy invited his mother to attend his school’s first teacher-parent meeting. To the little boy’s 21 , she said she would go. This 22 be the first time that his classmates and teacher 23 his mother and he felt 24 of her appearance. Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severe scar（疤痕）that 25 nearly the entire right side of her face. The boy never wanted to 26 why or how she got the scar.
At the meeting, the people were 27 by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother 28 the scar, but the little boy was still embarrassed（尴尬）and 29 himself from everyone. He, however, 30 a conversation between his mother and his teacher.
The teacher asked 31 ,“How did you get the scar on your face?”
The mother replied,“32 my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire. Everyone was 33 afraid to go in because the fire was 34 ，so I went in. As I was running toward his bed, I saw a piece of wood coming down and I placed myself over him trying to protect him. I was knocked 35 but fortunately, a fireman came in and saved
both of us.” She 36 the burned side of her face. “This scar will be 37 ,but to this day, I have never 38 what I did.”
At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes. He held her in his arms and felt a great 39 of the sacrifice（牺牲）that his mother had made for him. He held her hand 40 for the rest of the day.
21．A．enjoyment B．disappointment C．surprise D．excitement 22．A．would B．could C．should D．must 23．A．noticed B．greeted C．accepted D．met 24．A．sick B．ashamed C．afraid D．tired 25．A．included B．passed C．covered D．shaded 26．A．talk about B．think about C．care about D．hear about 27．A．impressed B．surprised C．excited D．comforted 28．A．in sight of B．by means of C．by way of D．in spite of 29．A．hid B．protected C．separated D．escaped 30．A．understood B．reminded C．heard D．learned 31．A．carefully B．seriously C．nervously D．anxiously 32．A．As B．When C．Since D．While 33．A．so B．much C．quite D．too 34．A．out of control B．under control C．in control D．over control 35．A．helpless B．hopeless C．senseless D．useless 36．A．pointed B．showed C．wiped D．touched 37．A．ugly B．lasting C．serious D．frightening 38．A．forgot B．recognized C．considered D．regretted 39．A．honor B．sense C．happiness D．pride 40．A．quietly B．slightly C．tightly D．suddenly
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wang Wei and Wang Kun are brothers and sisters．They have dreamed of41．(take) a great bike trip．It was Wang Wei 42．first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River and finally they 43．(ride) bicycles to travel along the river, 44．source is in Qinghai Province．When it enters Southeast Asia, it travels slowly through hills and low valleys and
the plains45．rice grows．Despite the 46．(difficult), Wang Kun and Wang Wei were 47．(determination) to begin their journey at 48．altitude of more than 5,000 metres in Qinghai Province．During their journey, they enjoyed the 49．(continue) change of the weather．At last they reached Dali in Yunnan, where Dao Wei and Yu Hang joined them．The four of them went on50．their great bike trip．
五、短文改错
51．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

At 3:42 one of the greatest earthquake of the 20th century shook Tangshan．It seemed as if the world was at the end．A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wider cut across houses, roads and canals．Steam bursts from holes in the ground．Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt．In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruin．The suffering of the people was extremely．Two-thirds of them died and injured during the earthquake．The number of people killing or injured reached more than 400,000．After the earthquake, everywhere the survivors looked nearly everything was destroyed．Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves and sand was now filled the wells instead of water．People were shocking and they felt hopeless．
六、提纲类作文
52．假设你们班将举行一场以“Why Should We Learn English”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你结合以下内容，写一篇100词左右的英语演讲稿。

英语被广泛使用。

学习英语可以为我们带来很多好处，如可帮助我们考取理想大学，增强竞争力，了解外国文化，丰富生活。

注意：可适当增加细节，使行文流畅。

开头与结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：理想的ideal 有竞争力的competitive
Why Should We Learn English
Dear friends,
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _
That’s all．Thank you．
参考答案
1．A
2．D
3．C
【分析】
本文是四名学生向Dani反映生活中烦恼的求助信，针对每种情况Dani给了一些建议。

1．细节理解题。

根据第一封Anna写的信中My friend makes up stories about things she has done all the time可知Anna的朋友总是编故事说谎，故选A.
2．细节理解题。

根据第三封Daisy写的信中I told my friend a secret, but then I found out she told it to somebody else.可知Daisy的朋友不能帮别人保守秘密，故选D.
3．猜测词义题。

根据最后一封信中背景I’m friends with a boy, but some girls keep laughing at me about it.可知Mary和一个男孩交朋友，其他女孩总是因此嘲笑她。

Dani回信中If the girls got to know this boy, they might stop teasing you.建议Mary让女孩们认识这个男孩，她们就不会取笑了。

“teasing”指取笑，嘲笑，与laughing at和making fun of同义，故选C.
4．D
5．B
6．B
7．C
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，一直对乘客非常不礼貌的售票员一反常态地对上车的一对母子非常客气，乘客们惊讶于他的改变，最后发现这对母子是他的妻子和儿子。

4．细节理解题。

根据第一段第三句“On seeing this, people were surprised and began to talk "You know this conductor used to be very rude．”可知看到这一幕的时候，乘客们都很惊讶这位售票员如此有礼貌。

故D项正确。

5．细节理解题。

根据第二段第一句“"Yes, he should be praised and we must write a letter to the company," said a second passenger．”可知另外一个乘客建议写信给汽车公司表扬这位售票员。

故B项正确。

6．猜测词义题。

根据第三段Just then a gentleman who looked like a teacher turned to the
conductor and said "Excuse me, but can I know your name, please? Your excellent service must be praised．．．"可知一位乘客转向售票员询问售票员的姓名。

本句中he指代前句中的“the conductor”故B项正确。

7．推理判断题。

根据文章最后一句"I know his name． I call him Dad．"可知实际上上车的妇女和孩子是这位售票员的妻子和儿子，他只是对自己的亲人非常礼貌客气。

实际上并没有改变对其他乘客的不礼貌行为。

故C项正确。

8．C
9．B
10．A
11．B
【分析】
这是一篇故事类阅读。

文章主要讲了作者八岁时，想要离家出走。

妈妈说如果他想走，就不要带任何东西，甚至不准他穿走家里的衣服，作者刚出门就不得不转身回家。

8．细节理解题。

根据“If you want to run away, that’s all right,” she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.可知当作者离开家时，他的母亲命令他留下所有的东西，故选C。

9．推理判断题。

根据The voice behind the door answered, “Billy doesn’t live here anymore. He ran away from home.”可知作者的母亲很严厉，根据The door opened and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your mind about running away?” she a sked.可知作者的母亲很慈爱，故选B。

10．推理判断题。

根据Then I noticed down the street two neighbor girls walking toward our house.
I was so shy that I saw the big spruce (云杉) tree in our yard and jumped under the low-hanging branches (树枝).（然后我注意到街上有两个邻家女孩朝我们家走来。

我是如此的害羞，我看到了我们院子里的那棵大云杉树，于是，我跳到了低垂的树枝下。

）由此推断出作者跳到了低垂的树枝下，是为了避免被看到，故选A。

11．推理判断题。

文章最后两段The door opened and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your mind about running away?” she asked.“What’s for supper?” I smiled back.（门开了，妈妈的笑脸出现了。

“你改变主意逃跑了吗?”她问道。

“晚饭吃什么?”我也笑了。

）由此推断出“晚饭吃什么?”表明作者改变了计划，决定不再离家出走了，故选B。

12．B
13．D
14．A
15．A
【分析】
本文为记叙文，讲述了21世纪非洲大象的保护面临着一些挑战，AWF的研究人员正在寻找方法去解决矛盾。

12．推理判断题。

根据第一段的描述尽管目前大象的数量是40年前的一半，但是非洲有些地方的大象数量超过了此地区的供养数量。

这就是AWF的科学家研究大象行为，保护大象栖息地，以及找到在非洲人与大象和平相处的方法的原因了。

可推断第一段主要想告诉读者保护非洲大象还有很多事要做。

故选B。

13．推理判断题。

根据第三段The 21st century brings a different challenge to elephant conservation —land-use. 和they often destroy crops, causing conflicts (冲突) between local farmers and these big animals。

可知21世纪非洲大象的保护面临的新挑战是土地使用，大象经常破坏庄稼，导致当地农民和大象的冲突。

所以这里D是正确答案。

14．细节理解题。

由最后两段可知，为了保护大象，AWF的研究者研究大象（搜集大象栖息地和行为的信息），保护大象栖息地以及改进农民的生活。

他们并没有饲养大象。

可知本题选A。

15．主旨大意题。

通读全文内容，可看出本文介绍非洲大象的现状及保护。

故选A。

16．B
17．G
18．C
19．A
20．F
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。

主要介绍在紧张的时间里做好烹饪的三个小技巧。

根据上文说的From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often: ability, money, and time. 从我的经验来看，人们不经常做饭的主要原因有三个：能力、金钱和时间。

由此可推断下文是要就这三方面来说，然后再根据下文对应的金钱和时间，所以空中应该说的是能力，B选项Ability is easily improved. 能力很容易提高。

符合语境，故选B。

17．
根据本段的主题，可知本段说的是想在前面，也就是做饭前要做好准备。

选项呼应主题且在说明提前花一点时间计划的益处。

G选项A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on. 提前花一点时间计划可以节省以后的大量工作。

符合语境，故选G。

18．
根据上文说Are you making one loaf of bread? 你在做一条面包吗?再根据下文It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. 制作更多的东西需要相同的时间。

由此可推断空中要说的是不要一次只做一条面包，既然花相同的时间，就要做更多，所以C选项Make three or four instead. 那就做三四个吧。

符合语境，故选C。

19．
根据下文This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. 这可能会让你吃惊，但让烹饪值得你花费时间的最好工具之一就是实验。

由此可知本段主要就是要讲尝试新的菜谱，新的做法，所以A.选项Try new things. 尝试新事物，符合本段主题，适合做小标题，故选A。

20．
根据下文And don't let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live! 不要让繁忙的日程阻碍你在饮食和生活方式上做出一些伟大的改变!由此可以推断上文是说让烹饪成为快乐的事情，而不是负担。

F选项Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden. 让烹饪和生活成为一种乐趣，而不是一种负担。

故选F。

21．B
22．A
23．D
24．B
25．C
27．A
28．D
29．A
30．C
31．A
32．B
33．D
34．A
35．C
36．D
37．B
38．D
39．B
40．C
【解析】
【分析】
试题分析：本文讲述的是一个小男孩学校要开家长会，他本来不愿妈妈去，但妈妈却答应了，小男孩很失望，为什么呢？原来妈妈脸上有一块小男孩认为很丑陋的疤痕。

但当得知此疤是妈妈为救他而留下的时，小男孩很惭愧。

从此文章中我们也感到了母爱的伟大。

21．B 考查名词辨析。

名词enjoyment高兴；disappointment失望；surprise惊讶；excitement 兴奋；从下文可以看出，因为妈妈脸上有疤痕，小男孩不希望他妈妈去开会。

所以他妈妈答应去时，他感到失望。

故B正确。

22．A 考查情态动词。

情态动词would将要，会；could能够；should应该；must必须，一定；妈妈答应去参加家长会，这将是他的老师和同学第一次看见他的妈妈。

A项表示过去将来时。

23．D 考查动词辨析。

动词notice注意到；greet问候；accept接受；meet遇见；这是妈妈第一次参加他的家长会，所以也是他的同学和老师第一次遇见他的妈妈。

故D正确。

24．B 考查上下文串联。

形容词sick生病的；ashamed羞愧的；afraid害怕的；tired疲惫的；从下文可知妈妈脸上有疤痕，男孩对此感到羞愧。

故B正确。

25．C 考查动词辨析。

动词include包括；pass通过；cover覆盖；妈妈脸上的疤痕覆盖了整个右边的脸。

所以男孩不希望妈妈到学校参加家长会，也不愿意讨论这个事情。

故C项正确。

26．A 考查动词短语辨析。

短语talk about谈论；think about思考；care about关心；hear about 听说；妈妈脸上的伤疤是男孩不想谈论的话题。

BCD三项与句意不搭配。

27．A 考查形容词辨析。

形容词impressed印象深刻的；surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的；comforted安慰的；在家长上，尽管脸上有疤痕，但所有人对男孩母亲的善良和自然美留下了深刻的印象。

故A正确。

28．D 考查介词短语辨析。

短语in sight of看见；by means of通过....方法；by way of经过；in spite of尽管；尽管脸上有疤痕，但所有人对男孩母亲的善良和自然美留下了深刻的印象。

上下文之间存在转折关系，所以使用D项。

29．A 考查上下文串联。

根据文章第一段可知男孩对妈妈的疤痕感到羞愧，所以一直不愿意面对。

即使别人对他妈妈的印象很好，他仍然躲着不愿意出来。

故A项正确。

30．C 考查动词短语。

动词understand、remind的后面不能直接加of，learn的含义与上下文不搭配。

短语hear of听说；然而他听了妈妈和老师的对话以后，他不再躲着别人了。

故C项正确。

31．A 考查生活常识。

因为脸上有疤痕属于别人不愿意提及的话题，所以老师在询问的时候十分小心，以免伤害到别人。

故A项正确。

32．B 考查连词辨析。

本句中男孩的母亲介绍自己受伤的经过。

when引导时间状语从句。

当儿子还是婴儿的时候，他的房间着火了，母亲为了救孩子右脸才会受伤留下疤痕。

故B
项正确。

33．D 考查固定搭配。

短语too...to...太....而不能....；所有人都非常害怕不敢进入房间去救这个小男孩，他的母亲冲了进去，在救他的时候脸部受伤。

故D正确。

34．A 考查介词短语。

短语out of control失去控制；under control在控制中；正是因为大火失去控制了，别人才不敢进去。

A项符合上下文串联。

35．C 考查形容词辨析。

形容词helpless无助的；hopeless绝望的；senseless没有知觉的；useless无用的；妈妈被木头砸到，失去了知觉脸部受伤。

故C项正确。

36．D 考查动词辨析。

动词point指向；show展示；wipe清理；touch触摸；妈妈摸着自己的脸说，这个疤痕永久留了下来，但直到今天我也不后悔自己做的事情。

D项符合上下文。

37．B 考查形容词。

形容词lasting永久的；母亲脸上的疤痕永久地留在脸上。

故B正确。

38．D 考查动词辨析。

动词forget忘记；recognize意识到；consider考虑；regret后悔，遗憾；妈妈说这个疤痕永久留了下来，但直到今天我也不后悔自己做的事情。

说明目前对儿子的感情很深厚。

故D项正确。

39．B 考查名词辨析。

名词honor光荣；sense感觉，知觉；happiness幸福；pride自豪；男孩紧紧抱着妈妈，感到妈妈自我牺牲精神的伟大。

ACD三项与上下文不搭配。

40．C 考查副词辨析。

副词quietly安静地；slightly轻轻地；tightly紧紧地；suddenly突然；男孩紧紧地握住妈妈的手。

【名师点睛】
在完形填空中，我们可以从语篇的角度解题：
1．利用句中的释义、同位替代或定语解释
在阅读过程中碰到意义不清的词语，有时句子本身就包含一些线索，如同义、反义关系、定义、比喻、同位语、举例、归纳、归类等等，考生要学会在句中找出这些线索，从而更好地理解短文内容。

2．通过理解上下文语义，根据相关线索词（尤其是连接词）作逻辑推理
（1）原因、结果：表示某一事物发生的原因。

表示原因的连词写在表示原因的句子内，结果连词用来连接某一事物所引起的结果。

表达原因、结果的常用词或词组有：because，since，as，due to the fact that，so，therefore，thus，hence，accordingly，consequently，as a result，as a consequence，now that，in that等。

（2）转折、让步：它表示后一种观点或事实与前一种观点或事实相比有些出乎意料。

常用的词或词组有：however，vet，but，anyhow，anyway，nevertheless，in spite of等。

（3）比较、对比：比较关系表示意义上的相似关系；对比关系表示意义上的不同或相反。

表达比较、对比的常见词和词组有：in comparison，by comparison，like，as，just as，in contrast，by contrast，conversely，oppositely，on the contrary，instead of，rather than等。

（4）列举：指叙述一系列相关的事实、观点等。

表示列举逻辑关系的可以是单词，也可以是词组，常见的有：first（ly），second（ly），third（ly）…；first，next，then，last：one，two，three…；for one thing，for another thing…等。

（5）补充：表示对前一个事实或观点做进一步的阐述。

表示这种逻辑关系的词或词组常用的有：also，too，similarly，further，moreover，likewise，in addition，furthermore，what'smore，not only but also，some，others等。

3．根据上下文，寻找连接通篇的复现词语
词汇的复现关系是指某一词以原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词等出现在语篇中，句子通过这种重现关系得到了相互衔接。

根据这一原则，有时某一个空格所对应的答案可能就是在上下文中复现的相关词。

我们可以根据这些复现词之间的有机联系找到正确的答案。

考试题中出现的同现现象主要是动词与名词的同现、形容词与名词的同现、名词与名词的同现。

4．参照语境，利用文章线索、举例或提示
所谓语境就是我们常说的上下文。

广义的语境指所有的上下文，段与段之间、句子与句子之间、句子与段之间的语义关系。

一切语义的理解都离不开上下文。

狭义的语境是指句子内部的词语在语义上的联系，我们根据这些联系和选项的辨析选出正确的答案，这种语境原则上应与词汇水平中的辨析结合起来。

考点：考查记叙类完形填空
41．taking
42．that/who
43．rode
44．whose
45．where
46．difficulties
47．determined
48．an
49．continuous
50．with
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了王坤和王伟两兄妹从中国的青海省出发，骑自行车沿着湄公河旅行。

41．考查动名词。

句意：他们梦想着进行一次很棒的自行车骑行之旅。

动词短语dream of 意为“梦想…”，介词of的后面要接名词或动名词做宾语，所以填动名词taking。

42．考查强调句型。

句意：正是王伟先有沿着湄公河骑行的想法，最终他们骑着自行车沿河旅行。

强调的句型的基本结构是“It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他成分”，本句强调主语Wang Wei，所以要填that/who。

43．考查时态。

句意：正是王伟先有沿着湄公河骑行的想法，最终他们骑着自行车沿河旅行。

根据本句中的had可知本句叙述过去发生的事情，要用过去时。

所以要填过去式rode。

44．考查定语从句。

本题定语从句的先行词是the river，关系代词whose指代先行词，引导定语从句并在句中做名词source的定语。

所以要填whose。

45．考查定语从句。

本题定语从句的先行词是the plains，定语从句rice grows的结构很完整，要用关系副词引导，先行词the plains意为“平原地区”表示地点，所以要用可以做地点状语的关系副词where引导这个定语从句，所以要填where。

46．考查名词。

句意：尽管很困难，但是王坤和王伟还是决定在海拔超过5000米的青海省开始他们的旅行。

介词despite的后面要接名词做宾语，所以要填名词形式difficulties。

47．考查形容词。

句意：尽管很困难，但是王坤和王伟还是决定在海拔超过5000米的青海省开始他们的旅行。

形容词短语be determined to do sth决定做某事，其中形容词determined 在句中充当表语，所以要填determined。

48．考查固定短语。

句意：尽管很困难，但是王坤和王伟还是决定在海拔超过5000米的青海省开始他们的旅行。

介词短语at an altitude of意为“在….的海拔高度”，所以要填an。

49．考查形容词。

句意：在旅行这，他们欣赏了不断变化的天气。

形容词在通常做定语修饰名词代词，本句中名词change的前面要用形容词continuous做定语修饰，所以要填continuous。

50．考查固定短语。

句意：他们四个人继续他们这次的自行车之旅。

动词短语go on with sth 继续sth。

所以要填介词with。

51．1.earthquake—earthquakes
2.the—an
3.wider—wide
4.bursts—burst
5.ruin—ruins
6.extremely—extreme
7.injured前加were
8.killing—killed
9.was now filled去掉was
10.shocking—shocked
【解析】。