高二上学期期末学习能力诊断英语试题

上海市徐汇区2020-2021学年高二上学期期末学习能力诊断
英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Keep Your Eyes Open for Weight Loss Ads
“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”
“Two full inches in the first three days!”
These are the kinds of statements 1．(use) in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, 2．(promise) new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they 3．shape the legs, slim the face and smooth wrinkles. Often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, 4．is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug,
FDA(Food and Drug Administration) can require proof that it is safe and effective before it 5．(put) on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority 6．(require) premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. 7．a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure(查封) of the product.
One notable case a few years ago 8．(involve) an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, 9．had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds 10．it was dangerous to health and life.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Direction: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Red grouper(石斑鱼) are known for a few key characteristics — their color, which can 11．from pink to bright orange; their tastiness, whether they’re grilled or fried; and their
predation (掠夺行为) method, in which they 12．sea creatures and swallow them whole.
But their least-known characteristic might be the most valuable of all: They operate as underwater architects, 13．the seascape for numerous other forms of underwater life. That surprising discovery is 14．scientists and policymakers to readjust their approach to preserving the ocean’s natural order — and heightening tensions with those who fish for a living or as a hobby.
A team of scientists, led by Florida State University’s Felicia Coleman, recently found that the red grouper off Florida’s east and west coasts have created entire ocean 15．by digging large holes in the sea’s sandy bottom. In the same way beavers 16．dams, red grouper dig and maintain distinct holes whose rocky surfaces provide a place for coral, sponges and other marine life to gather.
This new understanding is changing the way federal and state authorities manage ocean habitats and is creating a completely new crack with fishermen. “The people who are in control want to 17．fishing as much as possibl e,” said Bob Jones, executive director of the Southeastern Fisheries Association. He added that the recent discoveries about red grouper amount to an “excuse they can use to restrict fishing, 18．or recreational.”
But to many researchers, fishery officials and even some fishermen, the fact that fish act as environmental engineers provides a compelling reason to protect them from exploitation.
“If you 19．that fish, it puts into motion a whole chain of events,” said Don deMaria, who used to fish for red group er near Key Largo, Fla., but no longer does. “There’s a whole lot of other animals that are 20．. I’m not saying you can’t catch them. But you can’t do it to the extent we’ve been doing for the last 20 years.”
三、完形填空
The concept of solitude(独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 21 . Solitude can be hard to discover once it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have 22 our culture.
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) 23 as we’ve known it. People have become so 24 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if they’d rather not be. Tod ay we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog, not only from our 25 , but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become 26 on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 27 it would make them an outsider. 28 , many jobs and careers require people to be 29 . From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 30
to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times. I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who really wants it. Computers can be 31 and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many 32 . Travelers have ended up 33 on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. However, they can also make people feel 34 and forced to answer unwanted calls or turn to unwanted texts.
Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 35 across generations. Some find today’s technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject, it’s hard to imagine what life would be like without daily advancements in technology. 21．A．updated B．received C．shared D．collected
22．A．expanded B．shaped C．retained D．promoted
23．A．mission B．orbit C．end D．desire
24．A．powerful B．intelligent C．concerned D．reachable 25．A．media B．computers C．headsets D．monitors
26．A．tough B．hard C．keen D．dependent
27．A．finding B．using C．attending D．consuming
28．A．Also B．Instead C．Otherwise D．Somehow
29．A．connected B．trained C．recommended D．interested 30．A．pleasure B．benefit C．burden D．disappointment
31．A．put off B．shut down C．taken over D．set up
32．A．aspects B．weaknesses C．advantages D．exceptions 33．A．packed B．lost C．survived D．floated
34．A．trapped B．attempted C．confused D．committed
35．A．vary B．arise C．spread D．exist
四、阅读选择
Looking back on the first twenty years of my life, I feel grateful to have been so healthy and happy. For my happiness, I am grateful to so many people and lucky events, but
what have guided me and supported me in my life are my physical health, healthy finances, and my family’s happiness.
Health comes first for me, because without health everything else is meaningless. Imagine starting a career without good health. Imagine starting a family without good health. Imagine achieving anything without good health. Clearly, good health is the first necessary for other part of one’s life.
Good health is not enough to be happy. We still need to have money in today’s society. Money obviously pays for basic needs of life — food, housing, clothing — but it is also necessary for other reason like the quality of our education and medical care.
Next comes the most important thing in having a happy life — our family. It provides the love, joy and support that everybody needs. I love my family with all my heart. I get pleasure from their pleasure. I suffer when they suffer. My family helped me get through the hard times of entrance exams. They comforted and advised me when I had misunderstanding with my friends. More importantly, they have been there to share in my successes in the past twenty years. In summary, all these are what I need and want in this world. As long as I stay healthy, earn enough money, and share both good times and bad times with my family, I will always be the happiest girl in the world.
36．The writer mentions her entrance exams to prove that _______.
A．opportunities go to those with strong beliefs
B．our quality of life can be improved with money
C．nothing can be achieved without a healthy body
D．family provides the support that everybody needs
37．What is the main purpose of this passage?
A．To argue about the importance of money.
B．To explain what are the keys to happiness.
C．To discuss ways of dealing with difficulties.
D．To show people’s different attitudes to happiness.
38．How is the passage organized?
A．Introduction—Explanation—Summary
B．Examples—Argument—Summary
C．Argument—Topic—Conclusion
D．Topic—Examples—Conclusion
Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets. When connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.
People have been influenced to become technology addicted. One survey reported that “addicted” was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices. One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.
The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created a cultural disease. Consumers willingly give up their freedom, money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.
I see people trapped in a pathological(病态的) relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this technology servitude.
I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.
What is a healthy use of technology devices? That is the vital question. Who is really in charge of my life? That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology. Mae West is famous for proclaiming the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful.” But it’s time to discover that it does not work for technology.
Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swept away by our technologies.” To break the grand digital connection people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technology.
39．The underlined word “allure” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A．advantage B．attraction
C．adaption D．attempt
40．From the passage, technology companies aim to ______.
A．attract people to buy their products B．provide the latest information C．improve people’s quality of life D．deal with cultural diseases
41．It can be inferred from this passage that people ______.
A．consider too much technology wonderful
B．have realized the harm of high-tech devices
C．can regain freedom without high-tech devices
D．may enjoy life better without overusing technology
五、六选四
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.
Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Are Your Clothes Causing Pollution?
Very small pieces of plastic, called microfibers, are polluting rivers and oceans. 42．Clothes worn for outdoor activities and exercise are often made of artificial material, which is useful in keeping warm. But they contain very small plastic fibers, which may also be harming the environment when you wash them. When people wash these clothes, very small pieces go down the drain with the wash water.
Studies on microfibers in the environment
Pollution caused by plastic is not new, but recent studies have shown the effect of microfibers in the environment. Studies show very small microfibers are ending up in our waters, which may come from waste water treatment factories. A 2015 study found them in fish from California.
Microfibers, effect on food supplies
Beyond the waterways, the researchers say microfibers may end up in soil and agricultural lands. 43．This means there is much to be learned about microfibers and the environment. Some studies have shown that microfibers end up inside sea animals, like oysters. 44．Researchers say that the fibers tend not to move into the tissue of the fish, but it needs more study.
Steps to save or keep microfibers from the environment
Until more information becomes known, there are steps to take to reduce the amount of microfibers in the environment. People should use less of the artificial materials. If we already have those in our lives and we’re using them, an important step would be washing them less. 45．A bag is being designed in which to wash these clothes. It traps the microfibers in the bag
and it may be available for purchase soon.
A．New technology may a1so help.
B．So if these m icrofiber s have been found in fish and seafood, ar e they safe to eat? C．They can al so move around the atmosphere.
D．Studies are conducted on how much of the microfibers is released
E.The source of these mi crofibers may surprise you: your clothes.
F.Washing machines keep microfibers from escaping with w ash water
六、概要写作
46．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Sales Strategies
How can a company improve its sales? One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its “sales strategy”. In other words, what is the role of the salesperson? Is the salesperson’s job narrative, suggestive, or consultive?
The “narrative” sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation. His or her pitch highlights the benefit for the customer of a particular product or service. This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the same and is also well suited to companies who have a large number of prospects on which to call.
The “suggestive” approach is tailored more for the individual customer. The salespe rson must be in a position to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customer’s needs. One key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engage the buyer in some sort of discussion. The salesperson can then use the information from the customer to suggest an appropriate product or service.
The final strategy demands that a company’s sales staff act as “consultants” for the buyer. In this role, the salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer. They do this through market research, surveys, and face-to-face discussions. Using this information, the salesperson makes a detailed presentation tailored specifically to a consumer’s needs.
More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or a suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy. As a result, corporations are looking more at intangibles (无形资产) such as creativity and analytical skills and less at educational background and technical skills.
_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ ___________________
七、汉译英
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
47．如果方便的话请帮我在面包房买点面包。

(convenient)
48．尽管下着大雨，他还是准时赶到了音乐厅。

(Despite)
49．我朋友跟我抱怨说她有时觉得根本无法和自己的父母沟通。

(it)
八、开放性作文
50．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某一件物品（如钢笔、书包、鞋子……)设计一项新的功能来参赛。

请以“ My Magic_______” 为题写一篇英语演讲稿，介绍你的创意并说明你的设计理由。

（注意:不得使用真实姓名和学校名称。

）
_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ ___________________
参考答案
1．used
2．promising
3．can
4．it
5．is put
6．to require
7．If
8．involved
9．which
10．that
【分析】
本文为说明文。

介绍了一些所谓的塑身、健美、美容的商品广告，商家和促销商仅仅是为了挣钱，而实际的结果令人怀疑，有些还有害于健康。

事实证明，许多投放在市场上的医疗设备并不受法律的约束，在购买前消费者要自己判断它们的安全和效果。

1．考查过去分词。

句意：这些都是在杂志、报纸、广播和电视广告中使用的语句。

此处与statements是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动。

故填used。

2．考查现在分词。

句意：向那些购买药物或设备的人承诺新身材和新面貌。

此处与statements 是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词作状语，表主动。

故填promising。

3．考查情态动词。

句意：该产品的推广人员表示，它们可以塑形腿部，使脸部纤细，抚平皱纹。

can“能够”。

故填can。

4．考查代词。

句意：了解这些产品是如何合法地向公众推广的，有必要了解一些相关法律。

此处是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，应使用代词it。

故填it。

5．考查语态。

句意：如果该产品是一种药物，美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)可以要求证明它是安全有效的，然后才能投放市场。

根据句意可知，it和动词put是被动关系，作谓语应使用被动语态。

故填is put。

6．考查不定式。

句意：但如果该产品是一种设备，FDA无权要求上市前提供安全性或有效性的证明。

authority后常跟不定式做定语，have no authority to do sth.“无权做某事”。

故填to require。

7．考查条件状语从句。

句意：如果已经上市的产品对健康构成威胁，FDA可以要求生产商或分销商自愿将其撤出市场，也可以采取法律行动，包括没收该产品。

if“如果”。

故填If。

8．考查时态。

句意：几年前，一个著名的案例涉及一种名为Relaxacisor的电子设备。

根据时间状语a few years ago可知，此处应使用一般过去时。

故填involved。

9．考查定语从句。

此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是the Relaxacisor，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导。

故填which。

10．考查固定结构。

句意：FDA对该经销商采取了法律行动，停止销售该设备，理由是它对健康和生命有危险。

固定结构：on the grounds that“由于（根据）”。

故填that。

11．E
12．D
13．A
14．J
15．H
16．C
17．G
18．K
19．I
20．B
【分析】
本文为说明文。

文章介绍红石斑鱼对海洋环境的重要作用。

A. transforming改变；
B. affected影响；
C. construct构造；
D. attack袭击；
E. range（在……内）变动；
F. academic学术的；
G. prohibit禁止；
H. communities群体；
I. remove移除；
J. forcing 强迫；
K. commercial商业的。

11．句意：它们的颜色范围可以从粉色到明亮的橙色。

故E选项正确。

12．句意：它们捕食海洋生物并将其整个吞下。

故D选项正确。

13．句意：他们作为水下建筑师，为许多其他形式的水下生物改造海景。

故A选项正确。

14．句意：这一惊人的发现迫使科学家和决策者重新调整他们保护海洋自然秩序的方法，并加剧了与那些以捕鱼为生或以捕鱼为业余爱好的人之间的紧张关系。

故J选项正确。

15．句意：佛罗里达东海岸和西海岸附近的红石斑鱼通过在海底的沙质海床上挖大洞，创造
了整个海洋群落。

故H选项正确。

16．句意：与海狸筑坝的方法相同，红石斑鱼也会挖洞并保持不同的洞。

故C选项正确。

17．句意：控制局面的人希望尽可能地禁止捕鱼。

故G选项正确。

18．句意：他补充说，最近关于红石斑鱼的发现是“他们可以用来限制捕鱼、商业或娱乐的借口”。

故K选项正确。

19．句意：如果你把那条鱼移走，它就会引发一连串的事件。

故I选项正确。

20．句意：很多其它动物也受到了影响。

故B选项正确。

21． C
22． B
23． C
24． D
25． B
26． D
27． B
28． A
29． A
30． C
31． B
32． C
33． B
34． A
35． A
【解析】
【分析】
本文为议论文。

独处理念在当今数码世界几乎不复存在，新技术使我们连接成了一个社会，并塑造了我们的文化。

能够被连接在一起既有优势也有弊端。

不管人们对这一话题持何种态度，如果没有日常技术进步，很难想象生活会是什么样子。

21．考查动词辨析。

A. updated更新；B. received接收；C. shared分享；D. collected收集。

根据上一句可知，独处理念在数码世界几乎不存在，因此信息的意义在于分享。

故C选项
正确。

22．考查动词辨析。

A. expanded扩张；B. shaped塑造；C. retained保持；D. promoted促进。

根据下文From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work.可知，从这方面来说，新技术塑造了我们的文化。

故B选项正确。

23．考查名词辨析。

A. mission任务；B. orbit轨道；C. end结束；D. desire渴望。

句意：被联系的渴望使独处消亡。

bring an end to“使……结束”。

故C选项正确。

24．考查形容词辨析。

A. powerful强有力的；B. intelligent有才智的；C. concerned担心的；
D. reachable可到达的。

句意：在网络交织的世界里，人们已经变得如此随处可及。

故D选项正确。

25．考查名词辨析。

A. media媒体；B. computers电脑；C. headsets耳机；D. monitors监视器。

句意：今天，我们不仅可以通过电脑，也可以通过手机谈话、编辑短信、发邮件、聊天和写博客。

故B选项正确。

26．考查形容词辨析。

A. tough困难的；B. hard辛苦的；C. keen渴望的；D. dependent依靠的。

句意：大多数发达国家已经依赖于数码技术，仅仅因为习惯于此。

be dependent on“对……依赖”。

故D选项正确。

27．考查动词辨析。

A. finding发现；B. using使用；C. attending参加；D. consuming消耗。

句意：这个时候，不使用数码技术将会使他们成为局外人。

故B选项正确。

28．考查副词辨析。

A. Also而且；B. Instead相反；C. Otherwise否则；D. Somehow不知何故，不知怎地。

句意：而且，许多工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。

表示递进，故A选项正确。

29．考查动词辨析。

A. connected连接，联系；B. trained训练；C. recommended推荐；D. interested 使感兴趣。

句意：许多工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。

表示“联系”，故A选项正确。

30．考查名词辨析。

A. pleasure乐事；B. benefit益事；C. burden负担；D. disappointment令人失望的事。

句意：对那些可能不想总是能够被联系上的人来说，随处可及可能感觉像个负担。

故C选项正确。

31．考查动词短语辨析。

A. put off推迟；B. shut down关闭（与该空后turn off一致）；C. taken over接管；D. set up设立。

句意：电脑可以被关机，手机也是。

故B选项正确。

32．考查名词辨析。

A. aspects方面；B. weaknesses弱点；C. advantages优势（与该空后disadvantage相对）；D. exceptions例外。

句意：能够被联系上既有优势也有弊端。

故C选项正确。

33．考查形容词辨析。

A. packed充满……的；B. lost迷路的；C. survived幸存的；D. floated 浮动的。

句意：旅行者最后迷失在大山上，手机挽救了无数的生命。

end up
done/adj./doing“以……告终（为结局）”。

故B选项正确。

34．考查形容词辨析。

A. trapped被困的，受限制的；B. attempted企图的；C. confused困惑的；D. committed效忠的。

句意：手机也会使人们感到受限制……故A选项正确。

35．考查动词辨析。

A. vary变化，呈多样化；B. arise（问题）出现；C. spread散步，蔓延；
D. exist存在。

句意：对于我们被连接成一个社会，不同代的人态度不一。

故A选项正确。

【点睛】
完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。

同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。

例如，第2小题要求判断出新技术把我们的文化怎么样了。

该题可根据下文From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work.得出结论，作者认为从这方面来说，新技术塑造了我们的文化。

A. expanded扩张；B. shaped塑造；C. retained 保持；D. promoted促进。

故B选项正确。

36．D
37．B
38．A
【分析】
本文叙述了作者回顾过去的前20年做了一下总结，其中有三个因素在人生中是非常重要的。

一是身体健康，她认为健康比人生中的其他任何方面都重要。

二是必须要有钱，它是维持和改善生活的保障。

三是家庭，它是人处于困境中的避风港，同时又给人带来快乐。

36．推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的Next comes the most important thing in having a happy life — our family. It provides the love, joy and support that everybody needs.可知，作者认为家庭是
拥有幸福生活中最重要的事情，它提供每个人都需要的爱、欢乐和支持。

作者在这一段中提到自己的家人帮助她度过了入学考试的艰难时期，是为了证明家庭提供每个人都需要的支持。

故D选项正确。

37．推理判断题。

文章第一段是主题段，第一段中的For my happiness, I am grateful to so many people and lucky events, but what have guided me and supported me in my life are my physical health, healthy finances, and my family’s happiness.及下文对三个因素的介绍可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是解释什么是幸福的关键。

故B选项正确。

38．文章结构题。

通读全文可知，第一段属于主题段，指明人生中是非常重要的三个因素；第二、三、四段分别解释了身体健康、健康的财务状况和家庭幸福对个人幸福的作用，最后一段中的In summary, all these are what I need and want in this world. As long as I stay healthy, earn enough money, and share both good times and bad times with my family, I will always be the happiest girl in the world.是对文章的总结。

由此可知，A选项正确。

【点睛】
细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。

它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。

直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。

此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。

定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。

跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。

以本文第1小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干The writer mentions her entrance exams to prove that _______.，其关键词是entrance exams，从而直接定位到含有entrance exams的文段——最后一段中的Next comes the most important thing in having a happy life — our family. It provides the love, joy and support that everybody needs.可知，作者认为家庭是拥有幸福生活中最重要的事情，它提供每个人都需要的爱、欢乐和支持。

作者在这一段中提到自己的家人帮助她度过了入学考试的艰难时期，是为了证明家庭提供每个人都需要的支持。

故D选项正确。

39．B
40．A
41．D
【分析】
本文是说明文。

文章作者指出了人们过度使用科技的许多弊端，反对大众对高科技设备的过度依赖。

39．词义猜测题。

根据One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.可知，这句话的意思是一项研究发现人们在抵抗社会媒体的吸引力时更难，可猜出“allure”意思是吸引力。

故B选项正确。

40．细节理解题。

根据The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more
money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life.可知，从这篇文章来看，技术公司目标是吸引人们来买他的产品。

故A选项正确。

41．推理判断题。

根据To break the grand digital connection people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technolo gy.可推断出,人们如果不过度使用科技，可以更好地享受生活。

故D选项正确。

42．E
43．C
44．B
45．A
【分析】
本文是说明文。

主要介绍了人们穿的衣服里含有非常小的塑料纤维，当你清洗它们时，这些纤维可能对环境有害。

人们研究得出，超细纤维可能最终存在于土壤和农业用地中，也可以移动到空气中。

现在人们正在使用新技术，来减少这种污染。

42．联系上下文题。

根据后文But they contain very small plastic fibers，which may also be harming the environment when you wash them．可知但是它们含有非常小的塑料纤维，当你清洗它们时这些纤维可能对环境有害。

E项：The source of these microfibers may surprise you: your clothes.这些纤维的来源可能会让你大吃一惊：你的衣服。

连接前后，符合此处语境。

故E 选项正确．
43．语境辨析题．根据后文Researchers say that the fibers tend not to move into the tissue of the fish，but it needs more study.可知研究人员说，这种纤维往往不会进入鱼的组织，但它需要更多的研究。

C项：They can also move around the atmosphere．他们也可以移动到空气中。

符合此处语境。

故C选项正确。

44．文章衔接题．根据上文the researchers say microfibers may end up in soil and agricultural lands．可知，超细纤维可能最终存在于土壤和农业用地中。

B项：So if these microfibers have been found in fish and seafood, are they safe to eat?所以如果这些纤维存在于鱼和海鲜中，那吃起来会安全吗？符合此处语境。

故B选项正确。

45．联系下文题．根据下文A bag is being designed in which to wash these clothes.可知，人们正在设计一个袋子来洗这些衣服。

A项：New technology may also help.新技术或许会有帮助。

符合此处语境。

故A选项正确。

46．There are three types of sales strategies to improve sales. The narrative strategy means salespeople promoting products with standard presentations. The suggestive approach requires salespeople to recommend a suitable product to a customer through discussion. The consultive strategy demands that salespeople get information about customers and act as their “consultants”. Nowadays more sales teams prefer the consultive approach. (59words)
【解析】
【分析】
本文考查概要写作。

【详解】
首先要写文章要点。

本篇文章首先要说明有三种类型的销售策略来提高销售；然后分别概述“叙述性”销售策略、提示性方法及咨询策略，最后要指出如今更多的销售团队更喜欢咨询式的方法。

书写时注意使用适当的连接词连接这些要点，使上下句之间具有连贯性。

概要写作的基础是理解语篇，而读懂语篇的基础是词汇，尤其是对关键词汇的掌握与运用。

在此基础上，综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，就可以写出很好的概要。

47．If it is convenient to you, please pick up some bread for me in the bakery. 48．Despite the heavy rain, he arrived at the concert hall on time.
49．My friend complained to me that she sometimes found it impossible to communicate with her parents.
【解析】
47．convenient要求it做主语，结构为it’s convenient to sb.“对某人来说很方便”。

故译为If it is convenient to you, please pick up some bread for me in the bakery.
48．despite“尽管”是介词，heavy rain“大雨”，on time“准时”。

故译为Despite the heavy rain, he arrived at the concert hall on time.
49．本句中it可做形式宾语，结构为find it impossible to do“发现做……是不可能的”，complain to sb.“向某人抱怨”。

根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。

故译为My friend complained to me that she sometimes found it impossible to communicate with her parents.
50．My Magic Neutral Water Pen
The neutral water pen is widely used in the process of study but we often have trouble using
them because of its limited ink and other inconvenience.
To deal with these problems, consequently, I have worked heart and soul to create my own neutral water pen.
The most shining function of this newly designed pen is that it will contain special ink power which makes it have endless ink. Furthermore, the pen is made of the extremely strong materials, which can protect the pen from the damage when it might fall down onto the ground. Better still, so smoothly does it write that it can contribute to making our handwriting better.
Such is my magic neutral water pen. Are you interested in it? Hope it will be of great use for users.
【解析】
【分析】
本书面表达是一篇演讲稿，内容是说明文。

【详解】
本篇写作所给出的题材十分贴近学生生活，学生能够从日常生活中的熟悉的物品适当发挥想象。

所给的要点也很清楚：说明学生所选物品设计理由；介绍此物品新功能。

写作的时候注意以下几点：1、切合题意。

仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确有哪些要点。

2、简明扼要。

此题材学生都有话可说，但要注意说明清楚：为什么要设计此物品？此物品有哪些新功能？要点要全面。

3、根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；语言表达要符合英语习惯。

【点睛】
范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如表语从句及限定性定语从句The most shining function of this newly designed pen is that it will contain special ink power which makes it have endless ink.；非限定性定语从句及时间状语从句Furthermore, the pen is made of the extremely strong materials, which can protect the pen from the damage when it might fall down onto the ground.非谓语动词的运用To deal with these problems, consequently, I have worked heart and soul to create my own neutral water pen.；倒装句型Better still, so smoothly does it write that it can contribute to making our handwriting better.；heart and soul “全心全意地”和Better still“更好的是”属于高级短语。

全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。

另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。