高考英语百日训练之阅读理解(29)含答案解析

高考英语百日训练之阅读理解（29）含答案解析
【题文】
My two- and four-year-old boys love to win, whether they’re racing their bikes down the sidewalk or just finishing their snacks. It’s true that those with high status, from world leaders and prize winners to athletes and movie stars, are people we like and respect. A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate （天生的）preference for high-ranking peoples——but only if those people aren’t hurtful toward others.
Researchers showed toddlers（aged 21 to 31 months）a scene where two puppets（木偶）approached one another from opposite sides of a stage and one bowed to let the other pass first. Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three.
However, the results were quite different when two puppets approached one another and one used force to knock the other down before continuing to the other side. In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked down. As the researchers concluded, “When approaching others, very young children care not only who wins, but also how.” The previous experiment has shown that toddlers know about social status, but this experiment went one step further by proving they have an obvious preference for high status. Since the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.
In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others. So, when my four-year-old thinks that he has to get his shoes on first, I’ll keep reminding him that he lping his brother so they both finish faster is what winning is all about.
8. What do we tend to do according to the first paragraph?
A. Seek challenges all the time.
B. Admire high-ranking people.
C. Take advantage of high status.
D. Hurt others with offensive words.
9. Why did toddlers prefer the puppet allowed to pass?
A. It looked adorable.
B. It behaved smartly.
C. It seemed polite.
D. It was respected. 10. What can we infer from the latter study? A. Slower people are better loved by toddlers. B. People naturally dislike unkind behavior. C. Toddlers care little about high social status. D. Being helpful contributes to being supported
11. What should we do when we encourage children to win?
A. Instruct them to use proper and creative ways.
B. Advise them to be as hardworking as possible.
C. Remind them to be considerate to other people.
D. Tell them to try to cooperate with someone else.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲述了人们更倾向于喜欢和尊敬地位高而又无害于他人的人，这似乎是一种天性，即使是蹒跚学步的孩子也是如此。

【8题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第一段的A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate （天生的）preference for high-ranking peoples——but only if those people aren’t hurtful toward others.可知，我们更倾向于敬佩那些地位高的人。

故选B。

【9题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第二段的Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three.可知，蹒跚学步的孩子喜欢那个被允许通过的木偶，是因为这种行为代表着受人尊敬，孩子们更喜欢受尊敬的人。

故选D。

【10题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第三段的In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked down.和Since the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.可知，孩子们会走向被撞倒的人，而由于孩子太小，甚至可能是人类与生俱来的偏好。

由此可推断出，人们天生不喜欢不友善的行为。

故选B。

【11题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段的In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others.可知，孩子欣赏那些在做好事的同时表现出色的人。

由此可推断出，我们鼓励孩子去赢的同时，提醒他们要体谅他人。

故选C。

【标题】河南省汝州市实验中学2019届高三高考模拟英语试题
【结束】。