2018届高考英语一轮复习Unit2HistoricalFigures学案重庆大学版必修5201711270622

Unit 2 Historical Figures 一、单词——在语境中默写，在联想中积累
二、短语——在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多
第一板块核心单词归纳集释
1．consideration n．体谅；考虑
[高考佳句]I will be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.(2015·陕西高考书面表达)
如果你能考虑我，我将感激不尽。

other people into consideration.
安全驾驶就是很好的驾驶，因为考虑到了他人的生命。

②I'm considering becoming (become) a teacher after graduation because a teacher is often considered to_be (be) the engineer of human souls.
我在考虑毕业后当老师，因为老师常被认为是人类灵魂的工程师。

③Considering (consider) the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals.
就对方的实力而论，我们能进两个球就很不错了。

2．aboard adv./prep.在船(飞机、车)上；上(船等
)
[经典例句] The plane crashed killing all 157 passengers aboard. 飞机坠毁，机上157名乘客全部遇难。

go_aboard.
他等火车近一个小时，结果却是最后一个上车的。

②When all passengers were on board, the train pulled out of the station. 所有乘客都上车后，火车开出了车站。

[联想发散] aboard 的形近词有： ①abroad 在国外 ②broad 宽阔的
③board 登(飞机、车、船等)；木板 3．conclusion n ．结论
[教材原句] If the ship had not stopped there, it is still doubtful whether Darwin would have come to the conclusions he did.
如果船不停靠在那里，达尔文是否能得出他作的结论是存在疑问的。

①In_conclusion,_people
of water shortage.
总之，全世界的人们都应该意识到水资源短缺的真实现状。

②He concluded his speech with a famous saying：where there is a will, there is a way.
他以一句名言“有志者，事竟成”结束他的演讲。

③We can conclude_from the results that the experiment was a failure.
从结果我们可以得出结论：这项实验失败了。

4．representative n．代表adj.典型的；有代表性的
[高考佳句]In the afternoon, you together with some of our student representatives are going to visit the Haihe River and enjoy the beautiful scenery there. (天津高考书面表达)
下午，您将和我们的一些学生代表去参观海河，欣赏那里美丽的风景。

The latest incident is representative of a wider trend.
最近发生的事件代表了一个更大的趋势。

②She represents_her_mother_as/to_be the kindest mother in the world.
她把她的妈妈描绘成世界上最仁慈的母亲。

[单词集成训练]
Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/补全句子)
1．It is the superior intelligence and the use of language that distinguish man from the other animals.
2．They agreed to sell the company last year after they ran into financial (finance) problems.
3．Let me try to represent my ideas to you in another way.
4．It was doubtful whether the missing airmen would be found.
5．He can't bear people smoking (smoke) while he's eating.
6．The Russian news media (medium) covered the airplane crash closely.
7．His suggestion is worthy of discussion.
8．In_conclusion (总而言之), I'd like to express my thanks to my family.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．consideration全接触
(1)单句语法填空
①Your proposals are still under consideration.
②The car burns more fuel, but taking all things into consideration, it's still
a good car.
③Considering (consider) that I have told you three times, you must know it.
(2)一句多译
如果你能考虑我的推荐，我将非常高兴。

④I'll be very glad if you can consider_my_recommendation.(consider)
⑤I'll be very glad if you can take_my_recommendation_into_consideration.(consideration)
2．aboard点点练
(1)选词填空：aboard/abroad/board/broad
①He crossed the broad platform and went aboard the train.
②The people aboard the plane are going abroad to visit their family members.
③The professor boarded the plane, took his seat and began to read a newspaper to get information home and abroad.
(2)翻译句子
④那人说，我们必须在开船前半小时上船。

The_man_said_that_we_had_to_go_aboard_half_an_hour_before_the_ship_sailed.
⑤船和船上的全体船员一起沉下去了。

The_ship_went_down_with_all_its_crew_on_board.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
1．根据语境选出形容词financial 的词义
A 金融的
B 财务的；财政的
C 有钱的
①Leaving office, the accountant had to hand over her financial affairs to another young man.__B__
②The girl wants to marry a financial man.__C__
③London is one of the important financial centers of the world.__A__
2．根据语境选出形容词physical的词义
(A)符合自然法则的(B)物质的
(C)身体的 (D)物理的
①Staying up late makes him at his worst in terms of physical situation.__C__
②I have no idea how large the physical universe is.__B__
③This change of state is a physical change and not a chemical one.__D__
④It's a physical impossibility for the sun to be in two places at one time.__A__
第二板块短语句型归纳集释
1．take an interest in ... 对……有兴趣
[教材原句] Seldom happy, he was always searching for a meaning to life, and from his youth, he had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy.
他郁郁寡欢，却总是寻求人生的意义。

从少年时代起，他就对文学和哲学有着执着的兴趣。

①It was once a time when I had_no_interest_in study and wanted to drop out of school.
曾经有一段时期，我对学习没有兴趣想辍学。

②Besides, I'll try to get them more interested (interest) in English by telling stories, playing games and so on.
此外，我会通过讲故事、玩游戏等使他们对英语更感兴趣。

2．care about关心；忧虑；惦念；在乎
[教材原句] Perhaps because he could not find ordinary human love — he never married — he came to care deeply about the whole of mankind.
也许是因为他找不到普通人的爱情——他从未结过婚——所以他非常关心全人类。

①I learnt how to take_care_of_myself and set high but achievable goals.
我学会了照顾自己，并制定了虽高但却切实可行的目标。

②Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have flexible schedules to make it easier to care for their children.
外出工作的母亲们应具有灵活的时间表以使她们照顾孩子们更容易些。

①They would rather try and fail than give up the plan.
他们宁愿尝试后不成功也不愿放弃这个计划。

(2)would rather还常用于以下句型中：
—I'd rather not.I'd rather stay_at_home and read my novel.
——这个周末再去野营怎么样？
——我不愿去，我宁愿在家里读小说。

(3)would rather 后跟宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气：表示与现在或将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。

③We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.(2014·陕西高考单选)
我们宁愿女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是那是她的选择，她已经不再是一个孩子了。

④I'd rather you hadn't_told_him_the_news that day.
我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。

[短语句型集成训练]
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空/补全句子
①It was at midnight that we arrived home yesterday.
②I don't care about the price, so long as the car is in good condition.
③The highest honour will go to whoever has made the greatest con tributions to the development of our school.
④As a child, I showed an interest in painting.
⑤Unfortunately, his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking (look) after his sick mother.
⑥They had to leave their pa rents in_charge_of (负责) their little daughter when they were busy.
⑦Over the years I've come_to/drawn/reached_the_conclusion (得出结论) that she's a friend to be believed in.
⑧The county has built_up (建立) a factory which produces things that have never been seen before.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
Dear Madam，
I'm glad to be a member of the adventure trip ①due_to (由于) your help. I ②take_an_interest_in (对……有兴趣) adventure and extreme sports so much. When travelling, we will enjoy ourselves and ③search_for (搜索) some unknown natural things, which attract me very much. But I wonder if the trip will ④be_divided_into (被分成) several groups. Personally, I think it's important that there should be an experienced guide in the group ⑤in_charge_of (负责) guiding us, who will ⑥care_about (关心) our safety. Besides, please tell us some extreme sports like attractive bungee jumping. I hope that all the adventure would be interesting, fascinating and meaningful.
Yours truly，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.重难点多练
would rather相关句型一站清
(1)补全句子
①我宁愿我是你。

I would rather (that)_I_were_you.
②我宁愿你明天去北京。

I would rather (that)_you_went_to_Beijing tomorrow.
③我宁愿你以前不认识我。

I would rather (that) you hadn't_known_me earlier.
(2)一句多译
我宁愿睡觉也不看这部电影。

④I_would_rather_sleep_than_watch_this_movie.
⑤I_would_sleep_rather_than_watch_this_movie.
⑥I_prefer_to_sleep_rather_than_watch_this_movie.
⑦I_prefer_sleeping_to_watching_this_movie.
[课堂练牢基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It was so dark that they got lost, which was not surprising (surprise)．2．It is worthwhile providing/to_provide (provide) young children with a good education.
3．I would rather have_left (leave) a note on her desk.
4．She is always polite and considerate (consider) towards her employees.
5．It is required that the books in the library (should)_be_classified (classify) by subject.
6．As a representative of those people, I supported the construction of the project.
7．Combine my knowledge with your practical skills, and we'll succeed in time.
8．The problem lies in getting patients to a medical facility as soon as possible.
9．From these facts we can draw some conclusions (conclude) about how the pyramids were built.
10．England is separated from France by the English Channel.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Taking everything consideration, the event was a great success.everything 后加into
2．It was when I arrived at the cinema which I realized I had left my ticket at home.which→that
3．Why do we have to put up with Susan's selfish behavior? We have to teach her
to care about others.about→for
4．The West Lake is worthy being visited again.worthy后加of
5．I will be in the charge of the whole school when the headmaster is away.去掉第一个the
6．The children would rather stay at home surfing the net than going out to play.going→go
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
While British consider English as their mother tongue, the Americans also have made_great_contributions_to (为……做出巨大的贡献) the development of English. Though they stand for different cultures and their English differs from each other, people there can't be mistaken. They are_proud_of (以……自豪) their mother tongues. People in western countries can tell one from the other at any time.
Today English plays an important part in the international communication. It is amazing that so many scientific achievements are in English, and therefore we should always keep in mind that it is necessary for everyone to learn English well. Nowadays, more and more people take_an_interest_in (对……有兴趣) speaking English. ①It takes some of them much time to practise spoken English. And it is also convenient to learn English due_to (由于) so many English websites. ②Their perseverance will lead to their success one day.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分
(1)stand for→represent
(2)tell→distinguish
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用“spend ... (in) doing”句式改写句①
Some_of_them_spend_much_time_(in)_practising_spoken_English._
(2)用强调句型强调句②中的their perseverance
It_is_their_perseverance_that_will_lead_to_their_success_one_day.
[课下练熟高考]
“阅读＋七选五＋完形”组合练——练题型
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017·合川区高三第一次诊断)When Shakespeare was
twenty­one, he went to London, a very interesting place, to try his fortune.
There were the famous London Bridge and St. Paul's Cathedral, and palaces and markets and long streets full of shops.
Then, too, there were the daily crowds where could be seen people from all over the world. Knights, scholars and highwaymen (拦路强盗) or thieves who had been infamous for their clever robberies, passed by each other.
Here, also, were noblemen dressed in gold, from Italy, Spain and France; slaves from Spanish America, sea captains and ministers, soldiers and servants —all held by chances or interests within the gray walls which circled London, and whose gates gave welcome to as strange a crowd as could be found in the world.
Into this curious crowd came Shakespeare, quick to see and eager to learn. And before long all these strange sights were as familiar to him as the faces of his own town's residents. Each one told its story to him so plainly that, as before he had learned the secrets of the fields and woods, so now he learned men and men's interests that make up the great world.
And he learned these lessons so well that when he came to write his plays, he made such use of them as no writer ever made before or since; for it is the use of this knowledge of the world, combined with his own genius, that makes Shakespeare the greatest dramatist that has ever lived.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦后的经历，他很快适应了那里的生活，并把自己所观察到的事情融入自己的创作中。

1．What was London like in Shakespeare's eyes when he first went there?
A．Dirty and small. B．Strange and interesting.
C．Infamous and terrible. D．Familiar and modern.
解析：选B 细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“a very interesting place”和第五段中的“all these strange sights”可知，在Shakespeare的眼中，伦敦是一个有趣而陌生的城市，即B项正确。

2．Which of the following best describes Shakespeare?
A．Shakespeare got inspiration to write from his hometown, London.
B．Shakespeare was eager to make friends with the noblemen in London.
C．Shakespeare was good at observing and learning from the daily life.
D．Shakespeare became the greatest dramatist owing to his own genius.
解析：选C 推理判断题。

根据第五段可知，Shakespeare来到伦敦不久之后，通过观察和学习了解了伦敦，并适应了那里的生活，由此可推断出，Shakespeare擅长观察日常生
活并从中学习，故C项正确。

3．What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Crowd. B．Sight.
C．Face. D．Resident.
解析：选B 代词指代题。

画线词后的“as before he had learned the secrets of the fields and woods”的意思为“正如他以前所学到的田野和树林的秘密那样”，根据这句话可知，one 指的是像田野和树林一样的景象，故B项正确。

4．The passage probably comes from ________.
A．a poster B．a textbook
C．an advertisement D．an announcement
解析：选B 推理判断题。

本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦的经历，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在一本教材中，故B项正确。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五
It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it, then life is no longer difficult.Most do not fully see this truth.__1__.It seems to them that their difficulties represent a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even their nation.
__2__.Problems, depending on their nature, cause us sadness or loneliness or regret or anger or fear.These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain.And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.__3__.
__4__.When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve.__5__.As Benjamin Franklin said, “Those things that hurt, instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.
A．Problems are the serious test that tells success from failure.
B．Life is not a trap set for us by God so that he can condemn us for failing.
C．It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn.
D．Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning.
E．Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy.
F．We can register to make money and participate in problem solving collaboration (合作、协作) groups.
G．What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one.
答案：1～5 EGDAC
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2017·青岛市高三统一质检)“Mum, you're always on the computer！” Laure complained.
“No, I'm not，” I __1__.
“Every day I come home from school you're working on the computer.”
“Well, at least I'm here __2__ you！”
My daughter was right. Day after day, in my home office, I would stare into space as my __3__ typed out the thoughts of a speaker or research completed for an article. It seemed that my work as a writer and speaker __4__ my fingers to the keyboard and my mind to valuable ideas. What Laure did not __5__ was that during her day away, I'd also be doing a lot of housework. It was only around three in the afternoon that I'd __6__ seat myself at my desk for a few __7__ moments of deep thought. Then she'd come from school.
I was __8__ of myself on being available to my children. After all, I am a speaker on child behavior and parenting. But Laure's observation __9__ my heart. In her eyes, I must have been a mom who was __10__ but unapproachable. I wouldn't make such an image (形象) before her. My relationship with my children is more __11__ than any other work.
“Laure，” I called, “come here a minute.”
She wandered to my doorway. I had decided to have her __12__ me when I was too devoted to work. I wanted her to have the __13__ to let me know when she thought I was cold.
After I explained my __14__ and the fact that I chose home office to be accessible to her and her sister, I offered Laure the following __15__.
“Whenever you feel I'm ignoring you or you need my __16__， I want you to __17__ me，” I said. “Just come up and give me a little hug. That'll be our signal that you __18__ me.”
Years later we still have that __19__ sign. I've become much more sensitive to my daughters' comings and goings. __20__ she always gives me a little hug to remind me of the real reason why I work at home.
C．defended D．agreed
解析：选C 根据语境“No, I'm not ...”可推知，作者并不承认女儿的说法，作者在为自己的行为进行辩解，defend“辩解，辩白”，故C项正确。

2．A.for B．over
C．against D．after
解析：选 A 根据第九段中的“... the fact that I chose home office to be accessible to her and her sister ...”可知，作者选择在家工作是为了孩子们，故A 项正确。

3．A.feet B．hands
C．eyes D．ears
解析：选B 与“typed out”和本段中的“my fingers”呼应可知，是用手把想法转换成文字打出来，故B项正确。

4．A.connected B．turned
C．gave D．added
解析：选A 看起来作为作家和演说家的作者就是要把自己的手指和键盘连接起来，把自己的思想和有价值的观点连接起来。

connect ... to ...“把……和……连接起来”，符合语境，故A项正确。

5．A.admit B．realize
C．believe D．recognize
解析：选B Laure没有意识到的是在她白天不在家的时候，作者也做了许多家务活。

admit“承认”；realize“意识到”；believe“相信”；recognize“认出，认可”。

6．A.luckily B．gradually
C．instantly D．finally
解析：选 D 根据上文中的“... I'd also be doing a lot of housework.”可知，作者一天在家里也会忙着做许多家务，因此在下午3点左右的时候才终于得空来工作，故D 项正确。

luckily“幸运地”；gradually“逐渐地”；instantly“立刻，马上”；finally“最终”。

7．A.anxious B．precious
C．busy D．rare
解析：选B 根据上文可知，作者要忙着做很多家务，因此用来工作的时间就弥足珍贵了，故B项正确。

anxious“焦虑的”；precious“珍贵的”；busy“忙碌的”；rare“稀少的”。

8．A.proud B．ashamed
C．afraid D．scared
解析：选 A 作者为能够和孩子们在一起感到骄傲。

proud“骄傲的，自豪的”；ashamed“惭愧的”；afraid“害怕的”；scared“害怕的”。

9．A.filled B．broke
C．touched D．mended
解析：选C 根据下文作者的反思可知，Laure的观察触动了作者的心，故C项正确。

fill“充满”；break“(使)破”；touch“触动，感动”；mend“修理”。

10．A.suitable B．available
C．acceptable D．reasonable
解析：选B 在Laure的眼里，作者肯定是一个能找得到但是难以接近的妈妈。

本段中的“... myself on being available to my children.”也是提示，故B项正确。

11．A.important B．funny
C．obvious D．wonderful
解析：选A 作者认为与孩子们的关系比任何其他的工作都重要。

故A项正确。

12．A.warn B．persuade
C．encourage D．remind
解析：选D 作者决定让Laure在作者太专注于工作时提醒作者。

最后一段中的“... she always gives me a little hug to remind me of the real reason why I work at home.”也是线索，故D项正确。

13．A.patience B．time
C．power D．honor
解析：选C 由作者想让孩子提醒自己可知，她想赋予孩子这样的权力去让自己知道自己忽略她们了，故C项正确。

have the power to do sth.“有权力做某事”。

patience“耐心”；time“时间”；power“权力”；honor“荣誉”。

14．A.pattern B．dream
C．schedule D．choice
解析：选C 根据第八段中的“I had decided ...”可推知，作者已经下定决心做一些改变，这属于计划的内容，故C项正确。

pattern“模式，图案”；dream“梦想”；schedule“工作计划”；choice“选择”。

15．A.promise B．chance
C．answer D．truth
解析：选A 根据对下文的理解可知，作者是在给孩子做出承诺，故A项正确。

16．A.help B．attention
C．decision D．advice
解析：选B 作者说：“无论什么时候你感觉我忽略了你或者你需要我的关注时，我想让你来拥抱我一下。

”与“I'm ignoring you”形成呼应，孩子需要作者的关注，故B项正确。

17．A.hug B．shake
C．kiss D．kick
解析：选A 与“Just come up and give me a little hug.”呼应，故A项正确。

18．A.miss B．hate
C．need D．scold
解析：选C 根据“... or you need my __16__ ...”的提示可知，孩子的拥抱提醒作者孩子们需要她，故C项正确。

19．A.unknown B．unexpected
C．unfinished D．unspoken
解析：选D 多年以后我们仍然沿用这种心照不宣的信号。

unspoken“心照不宣的”，故D项正确。

20．A.And B．But
C．Or D．Yet
解析：选A 而且她总是给作者一个小小的拥抱来提醒她在家工作的真正原因。

根据上下文可知，此处表示逻辑上的顺承关系，故A项正确。