M1U3 Gammar I 非限制性定从
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• He has to work on Sundays, _w_h_i_c_h_h_e___. doesn’t like
2. 非限制性定语从句可以用 all/some/most/both/none/many… of + whom/which 来表达先行词内容全部或一部 分。 • (1) Many people, some of whom are not
Bristol, Tennessee, is pleasant to
listen to.
He has a sister, who is a musician.
他只有一个姐姐，她是音乐家。
He has a sister who is a musician.
他有一个是音乐家的姐姐。(他有几个 姐姐)
He borrowed all the books, which had
Lily, w__h_o_w__o_r_k_e_d_h_a_r_d__a_ll_t_h_e_t_im__e_, achieved the highest score in the math test. (她一直很刻苦) (who)
Mr Wang, _w_h_o_m__w__e_m__e_t_y_e_s_te_r_d_a_y__, is staying near my house. (昨天我们 遇到他的) (whom)
Unit 3 Grammar and usage
Non-restrictive attributive clauses
Goals
At the end of this lesson, you’ll be able to: (1)identify the restrictive(限制性定语从句)and the non- restrictive attributive clause(非限制性 定语从句); (2)understand the differences between them; (3)Know the functions(功能) of them; (4) use the two kinds of attributive clause to give information about a person, a thing or a given situation.
3. as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
_A_s_i_s_k_n_o__w_n__to__a_ll, the earth is round. (大家都知道)
The earth is round, _w_h_i_c_h_p__e_o_p_le___ _d_id_n_’_t_b_e_li_e_v_e__in__th_e__o_ld__d_a_y_s_. (过去人们不相信这件事)
know, as I expected 等。
意义
翻译成“正如”
翻译成“这，那”
功能
用来修饰整个句子
可以用来修饰一个一个
先行词，也可以修饰前
面的整个句子或句子的
一部分。
★ as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same…as…,
such…as…结构中。
___A_s___ I expected, you’ve learned a lot about non-restrictive attributive clauses in this class.
• 1. 他通过了考试，这使他非常开心。
• 2. 足球是一项非常有趣的运动，全世界都 踢足球。 which is a very
• Football,_i_n_te_r_e_st_in_g__s_p_o_rt, is played all over the world.
• 3. 他不得不在周日上班，这点他非常不喜 欢。
Jack,w_i_th__w_h_o__m__y_o_u_t_a_lk_e_d__y_e_s_t_e_rd_a, y is leaving for Beijing. (你昨天和他谈了话) (whom)
This museum, _in__w_h__ic_h__m_a_n_y____ _p_a_i_n_ti_n_g_s__a_re__k_e_p_t，is under repair. (里面保存许多画) (which)
Who is her?
The lady _w_h_o_/t_h_a_t_ is sitting there is Taylor Swift.
The lady t_o__w_h_om_ she speaks is Taylor Swift.
Who is she?
Catherine, __w_h_o__ took weight-loss pills, now realizes that health is im中文意思完成句子。
1. 他深爱着他的父母，他们都对他很慈爱。
He loved his parents deeply,b_o_t_h_o__f _w_h_om are very kind to him.
2. 世界上有七大洲，最大的是亚洲。
toT_hf_hew_elha_rire_cg_hea_sr_et
Catherine, _w__ho_s_e__ body is thin, still wants to lose some weight.
YaoMing, __w_h_o___ is the tallest in the Chinese team, plays basketball in the Rockets. Football, _w_h_i_c_h_ is played in many countries, is popular with young people. Country music, _w_h_o_s_e_ hometown is
3. as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
as
which
位置
可位于主句之前，之中 引导的从句通常不位于 或之后。通常用于下列 主句之前（不放句首）。 句式：as is known to all, as is said, as is
reported, as is
announced, as we all
overweight, are going on a diet.
• (2) He has two sons, one of whom is a scientist.
• (3)She has two daughters, both of whom are teachers.
• (4)They asked me a lot of questions, many of which I couldn’t answer.
• (3)He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true.
• (4)He should grasp so many English words, which surprised me a lot.
Practice
• 翻译句子。
这个班有32个学生，他们数学学得好。 （班级人数就是32人）
In the class, there are 32 students who are good at maths.
这个班有32个数学学得好的学生。（班级 人数多于32人）
I met with a lot of difficulties which I had not expected.
★ “限定”的关系词只修饰先行词； “非限定”的关系词既可修饰一个先行 词，也可是前面的整个句子或句子的一 部分。
★ “限定” 译成中文时常置于中心词 前；“非限定”则单独成句，在主句 中间或后面。
Other Rules about Non-restrictive Attributive Clause
(where)
Jim passed the driving test, _w_h_i_c_h s_u_r_p_r_is_e_d__e_v_e_r_y_o_n_e_i_n__th_e__o_ff_i_c_e. (这让办公室里每个人很惊讶) (which)
He agreed to the plan, __a_s__y_o_u__ h_a_d__e_x_p_e_c_t_e_d. (正如你预料的) (as)
pictures in them.
他借了所有的书，书里都有图画。
He borrowed all the books that had pictures in them.
他借了所有里面有图画的书。
In the class, there are 32 students, who
are good at maths.
7 continents is Asia.
in
the
world,
3. Scientists have advanced many
theories about why human beings cry
tears, none of ____ has been proved.
A. whom B. which C. what D. that
My brother, _w_h_o_s_e__h_o_u_s_e_i_s_b__e_in_g_
__p_a_in__te_d_, is an engineer. (他的房子 正在油漆) (whose)
They’ll fly to Kunming, _w__h_e_re__t_h_ey _w_il_l_s_ta__y_f_o_r_2_d__a_y_s_, and then go on to Guilin. (他们将在那里呆两天)
我遇到了许多没有料到的困难。
I met with a lot of difficulties, which
I had not expected.
我遇到了许多困难，这点我没有料到。
We’ll put off the meeting till next week, _w_h_e_n__w_e__w_o_n_’_t_b_e__s_o_b_u_s_y__. (那时候我们就没有这么忙了) (when)
★ “限定”先行词指人作主语时可以用who/ that引导；“非限定”只能用who引导。 “限定”指人作宾语时可以用who/that/ whom引导；“非限定”只能用whom引导.
★ “限定”先行词指物时可以用that/ which引导,“非限定”只能用which引导。
★ “限定”的关系词在从句中作宾语 时可以省略；“非限定”的关系词都 不能省略。
Relative pronoun/ adverb
who/whom/that/ which/whose /when/where/why
“that” and “why” can’t be used
Antecedent 一般为单个
的词
可为单个的词，也可 为句子
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 的区别：
★ “限定”是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果 省去，主句意思不完整或不明确；“非限 定”只是附加说明，省去并不影响句意。
1. 在“which”引导的非限制性定语从句中 ，先行词既可以是一个名词或代词，也可以
是句子的一部分，甚至整个句子。
• (1)My new car, which I bought several days ago, isn’t running well.
• (2)I’m taking some weight-loss pills, which are quite popular here.
Non-restrictive Attributive Clause
Form
No commas.
There’re commas.
Function
限制先行词的意 义，若去掉剩余 部分意思往往不 完整
是先行词的附加 说明，若去掉， 剩余部分意思仍 完整
Translation 常译成前置定语 常译成并列的分句
Can you find differences between the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause and Restrictive Attributive Clause?
Differences Restrictive Attributive Clause
2. 非限制性定语从句可以用 all/some/most/both/none/many… of + whom/which 来表达先行词内容全部或一部 分。 • (1) Many people, some of whom are not
Bristol, Tennessee, is pleasant to
listen to.
He has a sister, who is a musician.
他只有一个姐姐，她是音乐家。
He has a sister who is a musician.
他有一个是音乐家的姐姐。(他有几个 姐姐)
He borrowed all the books, which had
Lily, w__h_o_w__o_r_k_e_d_h_a_r_d__a_ll_t_h_e_t_im__e_, achieved the highest score in the math test. (她一直很刻苦) (who)
Mr Wang, _w_h_o_m__w__e_m__e_t_y_e_s_te_r_d_a_y__, is staying near my house. (昨天我们 遇到他的) (whom)
Unit 3 Grammar and usage
Non-restrictive attributive clauses
Goals
At the end of this lesson, you’ll be able to: (1)identify the restrictive(限制性定语从句)and the non- restrictive attributive clause(非限制性 定语从句); (2)understand the differences between them; (3)Know the functions(功能) of them; (4) use the two kinds of attributive clause to give information about a person, a thing or a given situation.
3. as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
_A_s_i_s_k_n_o__w_n__to__a_ll, the earth is round. (大家都知道)
The earth is round, _w_h_i_c_h_p__e_o_p_le___ _d_id_n_’_t_b_e_li_e_v_e__in__th_e__o_ld__d_a_y_s_. (过去人们不相信这件事)
know, as I expected 等。
意义
翻译成“正如”
翻译成“这，那”
功能
用来修饰整个句子
可以用来修饰一个一个
先行词，也可以修饰前
面的整个句子或句子的
一部分。
★ as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same…as…,
such…as…结构中。
___A_s___ I expected, you’ve learned a lot about non-restrictive attributive clauses in this class.
• 1. 他通过了考试，这使他非常开心。
• 2. 足球是一项非常有趣的运动，全世界都 踢足球。 which is a very
• Football,_i_n_te_r_e_st_in_g__s_p_o_rt, is played all over the world.
• 3. 他不得不在周日上班，这点他非常不喜 欢。
Jack,w_i_th__w_h_o__m__y_o_u_t_a_lk_e_d__y_e_s_t_e_rd_a, y is leaving for Beijing. (你昨天和他谈了话) (whom)
This museum, _in__w_h__ic_h__m_a_n_y____ _p_a_i_n_ti_n_g_s__a_re__k_e_p_t，is under repair. (里面保存许多画) (which)
Who is her?
The lady _w_h_o_/t_h_a_t_ is sitting there is Taylor Swift.
The lady t_o__w_h_om_ she speaks is Taylor Swift.
Who is she?
Catherine, __w_h_o__ took weight-loss pills, now realizes that health is im中文意思完成句子。
1. 他深爱着他的父母，他们都对他很慈爱。
He loved his parents deeply,b_o_t_h_o__f _w_h_om are very kind to him.
2. 世界上有七大洲，最大的是亚洲。
toT_hf_hew_elha_rire_cg_hea_sr_et
Catherine, _w__ho_s_e__ body is thin, still wants to lose some weight.
YaoMing, __w_h_o___ is the tallest in the Chinese team, plays basketball in the Rockets. Football, _w_h_i_c_h_ is played in many countries, is popular with young people. Country music, _w_h_o_s_e_ hometown is
3. as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
as
which
位置
可位于主句之前，之中 引导的从句通常不位于 或之后。通常用于下列 主句之前（不放句首）。 句式：as is known to all, as is said, as is
reported, as is
announced, as we all
overweight, are going on a diet.
• (2) He has two sons, one of whom is a scientist.
• (3)She has two daughters, both of whom are teachers.
• (4)They asked me a lot of questions, many of which I couldn’t answer.
• (3)He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true.
• (4)He should grasp so many English words, which surprised me a lot.
Practice
• 翻译句子。
这个班有32个学生，他们数学学得好。 （班级人数就是32人）
In the class, there are 32 students who are good at maths.
这个班有32个数学学得好的学生。（班级 人数多于32人）
I met with a lot of difficulties which I had not expected.
★ “限定”的关系词只修饰先行词； “非限定”的关系词既可修饰一个先行 词，也可是前面的整个句子或句子的一 部分。
★ “限定” 译成中文时常置于中心词 前；“非限定”则单独成句，在主句 中间或后面。
Other Rules about Non-restrictive Attributive Clause
(where)
Jim passed the driving test, _w_h_i_c_h s_u_r_p_r_is_e_d__e_v_e_r_y_o_n_e_i_n__th_e__o_ff_i_c_e. (这让办公室里每个人很惊讶) (which)
He agreed to the plan, __a_s__y_o_u__ h_a_d__e_x_p_e_c_t_e_d. (正如你预料的) (as)
pictures in them.
他借了所有的书，书里都有图画。
He borrowed all the books that had pictures in them.
他借了所有里面有图画的书。
In the class, there are 32 students, who
are good at maths.
7 continents is Asia.
in
the
world,
3. Scientists have advanced many
theories about why human beings cry
tears, none of ____ has been proved.
A. whom B. which C. what D. that
My brother, _w_h_o_s_e__h_o_u_s_e_i_s_b__e_in_g_
__p_a_in__te_d_, is an engineer. (他的房子 正在油漆) (whose)
They’ll fly to Kunming, _w__h_e_re__t_h_ey _w_il_l_s_ta__y_f_o_r_2_d__a_y_s_, and then go on to Guilin. (他们将在那里呆两天)
我遇到了许多没有料到的困难。
I met with a lot of difficulties, which
I had not expected.
我遇到了许多困难，这点我没有料到。
We’ll put off the meeting till next week, _w_h_e_n__w_e__w_o_n_’_t_b_e__s_o_b_u_s_y__. (那时候我们就没有这么忙了) (when)
★ “限定”先行词指人作主语时可以用who/ that引导；“非限定”只能用who引导。 “限定”指人作宾语时可以用who/that/ whom引导；“非限定”只能用whom引导.
★ “限定”先行词指物时可以用that/ which引导,“非限定”只能用which引导。
★ “限定”的关系词在从句中作宾语 时可以省略；“非限定”的关系词都 不能省略。
Relative pronoun/ adverb
who/whom/that/ which/whose /when/where/why
“that” and “why” can’t be used
Antecedent 一般为单个
的词
可为单个的词，也可 为句子
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 的区别：
★ “限定”是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果 省去，主句意思不完整或不明确；“非限 定”只是附加说明，省去并不影响句意。
1. 在“which”引导的非限制性定语从句中 ，先行词既可以是一个名词或代词，也可以
是句子的一部分，甚至整个句子。
• (1)My new car, which I bought several days ago, isn’t running well.
• (2)I’m taking some weight-loss pills, which are quite popular here.
Non-restrictive Attributive Clause
Form
No commas.
There’re commas.
Function
限制先行词的意 义，若去掉剩余 部分意思往往不 完整
是先行词的附加 说明，若去掉， 剩余部分意思仍 完整
Translation 常译成前置定语 常译成并列的分句
Can you find differences between the Non-restrictive Attributive Clause and Restrictive Attributive Clause?
Differences Restrictive Attributive Clause