高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)

高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1．阅读理解
Shakespeare's Globe Exhibition & Tour is a unique international resource to explore Shakespeare's work. Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about the most famous playwright(剧作家), Shakespeare, and helps you seek to further the experience and international understanding of him.
Group Visits to the Exhibition & Tour
Opening Hours
Theatre Tours:
Monday - Sunday: 9:30 a.m.- 5:00 p.m.
Exhibition:
Monday - Sunday: 9:00 a.m.- 5:00 p.m.
Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit, and each group will have its own guide for free. To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to us via email.
Exhibition and Tour Prices
Adult: $15.00
Senior (60+): $13.50
Student (with valid ID): $11.50
Child (5-15): $ 8.00
Complimentary: Every 16th person free
Getting here
Shakespeare's Globe 21 New Globe Walk, London SEl9DT,UK
We have currently improved security, with all bags being checked. Please arrive in good time, and do not bring any large bags and check the calendar before your visit or call+44(0)20 7902 1500 to find out about our latest opening times.
Visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi. There is a car park on Thames Exchange on the north side of Southwark Bridge (open 24 hours, seven days a week). Cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge. It may also be possible to pick one up from outside the entrance hall on New Globe Walk.
Where to eat
Swan at Shakespeare's Globe serves modern British seasonal food for dinner, afternoon tea or drinks in our beautiful bar and restaurant set over two floors, available for pre- and post-theatre dining.
Swan Restaurant
Monday- Friday: 12 noon - 2:30 p.m. & 6:00 p.m.- 10:30 p.m.
Saturday: 12 noon- 3:30 p.m. & 6:00 p.m.
Sunday: 12 noon- 9: 00 p.m.
（1）When can you pay a visit to the exhibition?
A. Friday at 12:00 p.m.
B. Monday at 8: 00 a.m.
C. Saturday at 5: 30 p.m.
D. Sunday at 7: 00 p.m.
（2）If a group of 20 children visit the Exhibition & Tour, what is required for them to do?
A. They need to hire a guide themselves.
B. They must be accompanied by an adult.
C. They have to pay $160 for tickets in total.
D. They need to email for a reservation in advance.
（3）Which of the following applies to visitors?
A. They're able to get a taxi near Southwark Bridge.
B. They can park on the south side of Southwark Bridge.
C. They are required to deposit their bags before entering.
D. It's more convenient to drive there than taking public transport.
（4）What can we know about Swan Restaurant?
A. Afternoon lea is not served on Sunday.
B. It serves traditional seasonal food for diner.
C. It is closed from 3 p.m.to 5 p.m. on workdays.
D. It serves three meals, drinks and afternoon tea.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向游客介绍了参观莎士比亚环球展厅的相关服务信息。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据“Exhibition ‘Monday - Sunday: 9:00 a.m.- 5:00 p.m.’”可知，展览从周一到周日上午9点到下午5点营业。

所以在周五下午两点能够参观展览。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据Exhibition部分中的“Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit...To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to us via email.”可知，15人或以上的团体须预先预订其行程。

如欲订购，请填写团体申请表，并通过电子邮件返回给我们。

所以如果有20名儿童参观参观展厅，他们需要通过电子邮件提前预定。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据Getting here部分中的“ Cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge”可知，在Southwark Bridge可能全年都有出租车。

所以判断出游客能在Southwark Bridge附近打到出租车。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据Swan Restaurant部分中的“Monday- Friday: 12 noon - 2:30 p.m. & 6:00 p.m.- 10:30 p.m.”可知，天鹅宾馆的营业时间是周一至周五中午12点到下午2：30，下午6点到晚上10:30。

所以判断出周一至周五工作日期间，下午3点到下午5点是闭馆的。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解Welcome to the 2017 UK Festival Awards
The UK Festival Awards & Conference is an opportunity to recognize the hard work, vision and creativity of the nation's beloved festival industry.
Throughout the day of the event, the Conference invites numerous industry insiders(行家) to discuss the issues most relative to the sector, reviewing its immediate past and portending to the future. The evening's Awards present a wide range of honors across categories that are decided
via a combination of public voting and professional judgments. Since launching in 2004 it has evolved into a major event at The Roundhouse in London, giving the industry a chance to collectively celebrate and fondly reflect upon the achievements of the past year.
With a gourmet dinner, gala awards ceremony and after-show party, it attracts over 1,000 of
the most influential people in the business.
Along with its sister events, the UK Festival Conference and the European Festival Awards, The
UK Festival Awards & Conference is owned and produced by Festival Awards Ltd, an independent company founded in the UK.
Awards include Best Major, Medium-Sized and Small Festival, Best Family Festival, Best Overseas Festival, Best Use of New Technology, and of course – Best Toilets.
As the festival season is approaching, we thought it'd be a good time to release our free UK Festival Market Report for 2015 / 2016. We gathered the data in our annual census(人口普
查) undertaken in the preparation stage for last year's UK Festival Awards. The latest UK Festival Market Report can be downloaded below.
Included in the Report is a bunch of related information about festivalgoers: where they're from, how they like to purchase music, what they eat, their attitudes towards ticket prices, how receptive they are to different forms of advertising, why they go to festivals in the first place, where they sleep, and much more.
We hope you find the information useful.
（1）Which phrase is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “portending” in paragraph 2?
A. getting down
B. adding up
C. giving way
D. looking forward
（2）What can be inferred from the passage?
A. An annual census is conducted and released in the Festival
B. The Festival Awards Ltd, is responsible for not less than three events.
C. The gala awards ceremony attracts only 1.000 influential businessmen.
D. Public voting plays a leading role in deciding a variety of festival honors.
（3）Where most probably will you see this passage?
A. In a magazine.
B. In a newspaper.
C. On a website.
D. In a TV program.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了the 2017 UK Festival Awards。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Throughout the day of the event, the Conference invites numerous industry insiders(行家) to discuss the issues most relative to the sector, reviewing its immediate past and portending to the future.” 在活动的当天，会议邀请了许多业
内人士来讨论与该行业相关的最重要的问题，回顾其过去的过去，并展望未来。

根据
reviewing its immediate past 和to the future.可知划线词的意思是“展望未来”，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第四段“Along with its sister events, the UK Festival Conference and the European Festival Awards, The UK Festival Awards & Conference is owned and produced by Festival Awards Ltd, an i ndependent company founded in the UK.”和第五段中的“Awards include Best Major, Medium-Sized and Small Festival, Best Family Festival, Best Overseas Festival, Best Use of New Technology, and of course –Best Toilets.”可知，The Festival Awards Ltd负责不少于三项活动。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第三段中的“The latest UK Festival Market Report can be downloaded below.”可知，这篇文章最有可能来自一个网址。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
Beginning life at college naturally develops both excitement and anxiety for many reasons. Fors ome, this feeling is quickly overcome as they adapt to a new environment; for others the change takes longer and sometimes appears as homesickness.
If you are homesick, you might notice an increase in:
Low energy or motivation.
Trouble sleeping.
Increases/decreases in appetite.
Having difficulty with school.
Increased use of drugs or alcohol.
Lack of interest or involvement in new surroundings.
CAUSES
The distance from home—the farther you go, the worse it may be.
Unhappiness when things are different from your expectations of student life.
You have finally arrived at college after working toward it for so long.
A heavy workload.
Students who are homesick often feel they have no control over their environment.
WHAT MIGHT HELP?
Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind, but also give yourself time within the university to begin to get involved here.
Be realistic about what to expect from student life and from yourself. Set up a balance between work and leisure.
If work is proving too difficult, you may need to improve your study skills or your organization of time.
Remember to get enough food and sleep! These affect you emotionally as well as physically.
Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other interests.
If you stop being able to do normal social and academic things, seek professional help either from your advisor or dean or the counseling service.
（1）What might be a sign of feeling homesick?
A. Feeling like quarreling with someone else.
B. Becoming interested in study than ever before.
C. Finding food or fruit less attractive.
D. Participating in almost all activities in college.
（2）New college students might be homesick because .
A. they are never far away from their parents
B. they feel upset about something unexpected
C. they suddenly do not have anything to do
D. they do not like the university they are in
（3）Which of the following measures might be helpful for homesick students according to the text?
A. Keeping their old friends left behind.
B. Reminding themselves to keep busy and forget it.
C. Forcing themselves to stay in their dorms on weekends.
D. Going in for sports with their friends.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了刚离开家上大学的学生面对新环境可能遇到的问题和给他们提出的建议。

（1）细节理解题。

由原文“Increases/decreases in appetite.”可知，如果一个人想家，就有可能增加或减少食欲，所以C选项“感觉食物或水果失去吸引力”符合题意，而其他选项“想跟别人吵架”、“对学习比以前更感兴趣”和“几乎参加了大学所有的活动”都不符合题意。

所以答案选C。

（2）细节理解题。

由原文“Unhappiness when things are different from your expectations of student life.”可知，当事情不符合新入学的学生的期望时，他们就会不高兴。

所以B选项“他们对不符合预期的事物感到厌烦”符合题意。

所以答案选B。

（3）推理判断题。

由原文“Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind”可知，要跟留下的人保持联系，所以A选项“要一直让老朋友留下”是不正确的。

由原文“Set up a balance between work and leisure.”可知，应该在工作和休闲之前建立一个平衡，所以B选项“提醒他们自己保持忙碌并忘记想家”是不符合题意的。

由原文“Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other interests.”可知，可以通过运动或其他兴趣来结识其他朋友，所以C选项“强迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合题意的，而D选项“跟朋友一起运动”是正确的。

所以答案选D。

【点评】推断题型答题技巧。

推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。

推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。

推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。

4．阅读理解
LEGO began as one man's small business. But today, it is the second largest toy company in the world. The LEGO company sells small, brightly colored plastic bricks (积木). People can buy LEGO bricks in over 90 countries.
Ole Kirk Kristiansen from Denmark began his own business in 1932. He made products (产品) from wood including colorful wooden toys. Kristiansen's young son, Godtfred, worked with him. Their business helped them make a lot of money.
By 1934, the Kristiansens named their company LEGO, which came from two Danish words, "leg" and "godt", meaning "play well". The LEGO company grew slowly. But it continued to create excellent wooden toys.
By 1947, the LEGO company began using a new material (材料) to make their toys — plastic. One of the toys they sold was called the Automatic Binding Brick. A person could put the bricks together to build something. But the bricks did not hold together easily. Still, they were a popular toy.
A few years later, in 1954, Godtfred Kirk Kristiansen had a big idea. He wanted all of the LEGO bricks to fit together. Finally, four years later, in 1958, the LEGO company found their answer. They invented the first modern style LEGO brick, which was similar to the Automatic Binding Brick but each piece would fit with any other piece.
Since that time, any toy that the LEGO company created would fit with any other toy they created. Today, LEGO is not only the second largest toy maker in the world, but also making its products a great way for children to learn creative building skills.
（1）When the LEGO company was set up, it ________.
A.had a rapid growth
B.failed to attract children
C.invited children to work with it
D.was small but successful
（2）What do we know about the Automatic Binding Brick?
A.It was liked by few people.
B.It was the best of its kind.
C.It was a building toy.
D.It was made of wood.
（3）The first modern style LEGO brick________.
A.fit together perfectly
B.was created by Godtfred and his father
C.was invented in the early 1950s
D.differed greatly from the Automatic Binding Brick
（4）What's the best title for the text?
A.LEGO: Educational Toys
B.LEGO: Play Well
C.Toy Companies: From Small to Big
D.Toy Companies: Never Too Late to Create
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丹麦知名玩具品牌乐高的发展历程。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“LEGO began as one man's small business”；以及第二段中的“Their business helped them make a lot of money,可知，高公司在创立初期虽然规模不大但盈利很多。

因此可知公司规模虽小但很成功，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“A person could put the bricks together to build something.”可知，Automatic Binding Brick是一种拼装积木，可以使用积木组装玩具，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的"the first modern style LEGO brick ... each piece would fit with any other piece”可知，现代的乐高积木可以彼此完全贴合，从而组装成一个整体。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第三段“By 1934, the Kristiansens named their company LEGO, which came fr om two Danish words, ‘leg’ and ‘godt’，meaning ‘play well’. The LEGO company grew slowly. But it continued to create excellent wooden toys. ”可知，文章介绍了知名积木玩具乐高的发展情况，LEGO在丹麦语中意为"玩得好”，这是公司制作玩具的宗旨所在，因此B项作标题概括了文章主旨也表达了乐高的宗旨，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee (裁判) and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don't care much about who wins or loses, and it doesn't seem to worry them if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly compared. They also enjoyed games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself.
Grown-ups can hardly find children's game exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple game again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinary afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught.
It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.
（1）What is true about children when they play games?
A. They can stop playing any time they like.
B. They can test their personal abilities.
C. They want to pick a better team.
D. They don't need rules.
（2）To become a leader in a game the child has to _________.
A. be a useful partner
B. wait for his turn
C. be confident in himself
D. be popular among his playmates
（3）Why does a child like playing games?
A. Because he can be someone other than himself.
B. Because he can become popular among friends.
C. Because he finds he is always lucky in games.
D. Because he likes the place where he plays a game.
（4）Which is the best title for this passage?
A. Rules in Children's Games
B. Advantages of Playing Games for Children
C. Reasons for Children's Games
D. How to Be a Popular Game Player
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了孩子们在玩游戏时有自己的游戏规则，他们很少需要裁判，很少去记分．他们喜欢玩取决于运气的游戏，这样他们的个人能力就不能直接进行比较了．但是，成年人很难发现孩子们的游戏令人兴奋，他们常常对孩子们反复玩这么简单的游戏感到困惑。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Children have their own rules in playing games．Theyseldom need a referee（裁判） and rarely trouble to keep scores．”可知，介绍了孩子们玩游戏的一些特点，比如孩子的游戏有自己的规则，也不需要裁判，而且可以随时结束，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn”可知，当轮到他时，他就成了领袖．所以要成为一个游戏的领导者，孩子必须等待轮到他才行，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person，and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinarily afraid．”可知孩子们喜欢玩游戏的重要原因之一是他们可以在游戏中假装成别人，选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

通读全文可知，游戏在孩子们的生活中是必不可少的．他们无需裁判，也很少计分，他们甚至不在乎输赢．尽管在成年人眼里这些游戏非常简单，枯燥．但是孩子们对此却是乐此不疲．作者认为通过游戏，孩子们学会了遵守规则，可知选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

There's a world of difference between a horror movie and a comedy—the former scares you half to death while the latter leaves you rolling on the floor with laughter. But try watching them without the background music and you just might decide they're not so different after all. Music and movies have been closely connected since the beginning of the film industry—even before the voices of actors were recorded. In movies, music helps to provide a sense of time and place, convey ideas about the characters and, most importantly, draw emotions out of the audience.
Studies have long shown that our heart rates and anxiety levels rise and fall depending on the speed of the music we hear. Using this knowledge, composers use sudden changes in film music speed to create fear among audiences. Slowing the speed of the music will have the opposite effect, bringing about a sense of peace or a dreamlike quality. The use of dissonant (不和谐的) tones and noises is another technique that heightens tension. Humans naturally become unnerved when we hear dissonant sounds because such noises are usually associated with danger, like those that animals make to warn against predators (捕食者).
As crucial as it is, the best film music is subtle. All that audiences are supposed to feel is a heightened sense of emotion—they shouldn't realize what's causing it. Only when the music is taken out of the film should audiences understand its effects.
In keeping with this principle, some filmmakers are even using what's called "infrasound" (次声波) to arouse fear. While we may not be able to hear it because its frequency is below the range of the human ear, infrasound has been proven to cause anxiety, tremble and even sorrow. For example, infrasound was used in the soundtrack of the 2007 horror movie Paranormal Activity, and audiences reposed extremely high fear levels despite the 1ack of action throughout the movie. "It doesn't affect everyone equally," said British science writer Philip Ball, author of The Music Instinct, but he predicted that "we will see more of it used in movies in the future".
（1）What is the difference between a horror movie and a comedy?
A. Their history.
B. Their background music.
C. Their actors.
D. Their time and place.（2）What causes fear among audiences?
A. The theme of the music.
B. The slow speed of the tangle.
C. The knowledge of the music.
D. The unexpected change of the music.
（3）What does the underlined word "subtle" in the third paragraph mean?
A. Gentle
B. Wonderful
C. Not immediately obvious
D. Not extremely attractive （4）What do we know about "infrasound" from the last paragraph?
A. It can't be known to people.
B. It makes audiences relaxed.
C. It is within the range of the human ear.
D. It will be used more in movies in the future.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，电影和音乐的关系密切，音乐对于电影影响重大，
作者说明了电影制作者如何用音乐来渲染气氛。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的"But try watching them without the background music and you just might decide they're not so different after all."可知，但是试着在没有背景音乐的情况下看它们，你可能会觉得它们并没有什么不同。

所以通过反向推理，要是有了背景音乐，恐怖电影和喜剧电影就截然不同了。

故判断出恐怖电影和喜剧电影的区别在于他们的背景音乐。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"Using this knowledge, composers use sudden changes in film music speed to create fear among audiences."可知，利用这一知识，作曲家利用电影音乐速度的突然变化在观众中制造恐惧。

所以音乐的突然变化会使观众恐惧。

故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的"All that audiences are supposed to feel is a heightened sense of emotion—they shouldn't realize what's causing it. Only when the music is taken out of the film should audiences understand its effects."可知，观众应该感受到的只是一种强烈的情感——他们不应该意识到是什么导致了这种情感。

只有当音乐被从电影中删除时，观众才能理解它的影响。

所以这段在解释最好的电影音乐是不易被观众察觉的音乐。

也就是对"subtle"的解释。

故第三段加下划线的"subtle"一词是C选项“不明显的”。

故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的"but he predicted that "we will see more of it used in movies in the future"可知，但他预测“我们将来会看到更多的电影会使用它”。

所以从最后一段可知，"infrasound"将在未来的电影中被更多地使用。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
After shopping for deals in stores on "Black Friday", or online on "Cyber Monday", Americans and people worldwide are preparing for newly popular "Giving Tuesday". Starting in 2012, now the global event that is celebrated annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City and United Nations Foundation.
As the name indicates, Giving Tuesday is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore observed by raising funds for local nonprofits and schools, organizing food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness. In 2015, 700, 000 people from 71 countries came together to donate $116.7 million in cash. An additional $1.08 million was spent on gifts.
While the easiest way to participate is by donating to your favorite charity, this day can be celebrated in many other ways too. You can give back by volunteering at your local shelter or food bank, or even by donating blood. If all else fails, a purchase from the growing number of organizations that give a portion of their sales to charity will do the trick.
But perhaps the best way to celebrate the day is by helping those nearest and dearest to you. Assist a family member with a simple chore like folding laundry, cooking dinner, or even reading to a younger sibling. No matter what you do, be sure to share you good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday as well!
（1）Which of the following has the shortest history?
A. Black Friday
B. Giving Tuesday
C. Thanksgiving Day
D. Cyber Monday
（2）What's the main purpose of "Giving Tuesday"?
A. To make Thanksgiving Day enjoyable
B. To get voluntary work better known
C. To encourage more people to do charities
D. To persuade more people to shop online
（3）Why does the author advise sharing good deeds on social media?
A. To keep a record of one's experience
B. To help people make new friends
C. To donate money to local schools
D. To make Giving Tuesday more popular
（4）Which section of a website does the next probably come from?
A. Education
B. Culture
C. Lifestyle
D. Business
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Giving Tuesday （给予星期二）。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“After shopping for deals in stores on ‘Black Friday’, or online on ‘Cyber Monday’, Americans and people worldwide are preparing for newly popular ‘Giving Tuesday’"可知在"黑色星期五"或"网络星期一"购物后，美国人和世界各地的人都在为新流行的"给予星期二"做准备，"给予星期二"是一个新流行，说明它最近才出现，应该是历史最短的，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“As the name indicates, Giving Tuesday is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore observed by raising funds for local nonprofits and schools, organizing food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness.”可知 "给予星期二"是为了重新启动慈善活动季，因此，人们会为当地的非营利组织和学校筹集资金，组织食品和衣物捐赠活动，并进行一些随机的善举。

这说明这个活动主要是为了鼓励人们做慈善，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“No matter what you do, be sure to share you good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday as wel l!”可知作者鼓励无论人们做什么，一定要在社交媒体上分享他们的善行，并鼓励其他人也庆祝"给予星期二"!这说明作者鼓励人们在社交媒体分享善行就是为了让越来越多的人参与到这个活动，让这个活动更受欢迎，故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

本文介绍了"给予星期二"这一活动，人们会在这一天进行各种慈善活动，这反映了社会价值，是一种社会文化，所以最后可能来自网站的文化板块，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
I have learned something about myself since I moved from Long Island to Florida three years ago. Even though I own a home in Port St. Lucie just minutes from the ocean, an uncontrollable urge wells up to return to Long Island even as others make their way south. I guess I am a snowbird stuck in reverse. Instead of enjoying Florida's mild winters, I willingly endure the severe
weather on Long Island, the place I called home for 65 years.
I'm like a migratory bird that has lost its sense of timing and direction, my wings flapping against season.
So what makes me fly against the tide of snowbirds? The answer has a lot to do with my reluctance to give up the things that define who I am. Once I hear that the temperature on Long Island has dipped into the range of 40 to 50 degrees, I begin to long for the sight and crackling sound of a wood fire. I also long for the bright display o£ colors — first in the fall trees, and then in the limits around homes and at Rockefeller Center. Floridians decorate too, but can't create the special feel of a New England winter.
I suppose the biggest reason why I return is to celebrate the holidays with people I haven't seen in months. What could be better than sitting with family and friends for a Thanksgiving turkey dinner, or watching neighbors' children excitedly open gifts on Christmas? Even the first snowfall seems special. I especially enjoy seeing a bright red bird settling on a snow-covered branch (My wife and I spend winters at a retirement community in Ridge, and I'm grateful that I don't have to shovel.）
While these simple pleasures are not unique to Long Island, they are some of the reasons why I come back. Who says you can't go home?
（1）What does the underlined word "snowbird" in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. A person spending winter in a warmer climate.
B. A bird seen chiefly in winter.
C. A person permanently living in a foreign country.
D. A bird flying to the south in winter.（2）What's the difference between Florida and Long Island?
A. Winters in Long Island are milder.
B. The snowbirds in Long Island are rarer.
C. Weather in Long Island is severer.
D. Long Island is nearer to the ocean.
（3）What did the author miss most when he was in Florida
A. The cold temperature.
B. The colorful light display.
C. The family gathering.
D. The winter landscape.
（4）What's the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To praise the beauty and warmth of his hometown.
B. To describe his dream to be a free bird.
C. To explain the reasons for moving from his hometown.
D. To express his feeling of missing his hometown.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者自己独特的习惯，喜欢家乡寒冷的冬天，而不愿享受佛罗里达温和的冬天；因为作者想念家乡的冬天，想念家乡的景色，想念家乡的亲朋好友。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的“ Even though I own a home in Port St. Lucie just minutes from the ocean, an uncontrollable urge wells up to return to Long Island even as others make their way south. I guess I am a snowbird stuck in reverse.”即使我在圣路西
港有家离大海只有几分钟的路程,一股无法控制的冲动涌到了长岛，就在其他人向南走的时候。

我想我是一个反其道而行之的，一个在温暖的气候里过冬的人，可知选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的"Instead of enjoying Florida's mild winters， I willingly endure the severe weather on Long Island， the place I called home for 65 years．”没有享受佛罗里达州温和的冬天，我愿意忍受长岛我称之为家乡的地方的恶劣天气长达65年，可知，佛罗里达的冬天比长岛更加温和，所以选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“ I suppose the biggest reason why I return is to celebrate the holidays with people I haven't seen in months. What could be better than sitting with family and friends for a Thanksgiving turkey dinner, or watching neighbors' children excitedly open gifts on Christmas?”我认为我回来的最大原因是和我几个月没见过的人一起庆祝节日。

还有什么能比和家人朋友坐在一起吃感恩节火鸡大餐或者看着邻居的孩子在圣诞节兴奋地打开礼物更好呢？可知选C。

（4）考查写作意图。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍作者自己独特的习惯，喜欢家乡寒冷的冬天，而不愿享受佛罗里达温和的冬天；因为作者想念家乡的冬天，想念家乡的景色，想念家乡的亲朋好友，可知，作者写作本文的目的是解释自己对家乡的思念的原因，所以选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解
GOING TO UNIVERSITY is supposed to be a mind-broadening experience. That statement is probably made in comparison to training for work straight after school, which might not be so encouraging. But is it actually true? Jessika Golle of the University of Tübingen, in Germany, thought she would try to find out. Her result, however, is not quite what might be expected. As she reports in Psychological Science this week, she found that those who have been to university do indeed seem to leave with broader and more inquiring minds than those who have spent their immediate post-school years in vocational (职业的) training for work. However, it was not the case that university broadened minds. Rather, work seemed to narrow them.
Dr. Golle came to this conclusion after she and a team of colleagues studied the early careers of 2,095 German youngsters. The team used two standardized tests to assess their volunteers. One was of personality traits, including openness, conscientiousness（认真）and so on. The other was of attitudes, such as realistic, investigative and enterprising. They administered both tests twice—once towards the end of each volunteer's time at school, and then again six years later. Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job.
When it came to the second round of tests, Dr. Golle found that the personalities of those who had gone to university had not changed significantly. Those who had undergone vocational training and then got jobs were not that much changed in personality, either—except in one。