贵州省贵阳市博欣学校2018-2019学年高三英语期末试卷含解析

贵州省贵阳市博欣学校2018-2019学年高三英语期末试
卷含解析
一、选择题
1. —What did David demand in the meeting just now?
—______ a chance to join the Debating Club.
A. Being offered
B. Having been offered
C. To be offered
D. To have been offered
参考答案：
C
【考查方向】考查非谓语动词的用法。

句意：---刚才在会上David要求什么？---提供一个参加辩论俱乐部的机会。

答语是回答的what，将答语变成主句，则句子变成：David demanded to be offered a chance to join the Debating Club in the meeting just now。

Demand后跟不定式作宾语，句子的主语David是offer的动作承受者，应用不定式的被动式作宾语，由于offer动作在将来发生，应用不定式的被动式。

故选C。

2. It’s surprising that your brother _____ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.
A. picked up
B. looked up
C. put up
D. made up
参考答案：
A
略
3. He abandoned teaching_______ a career as a musician.
A. in favor of
B. in terms of
C with regard to D. with reference to
参考答案：
A
【命题立意】考查介词短语的用法。

句意：他放弃教学以有利于作为音乐家的职业。

in favor of以……有利于，支持，赞成；in
terms of根据，依……而言；with regard to关于，说起；with reference to提及，参考。

故判断选A。

4. This novel mainly deals with the pride of man______ is basically the cause of many failures.
A. why
B. who
C. what
D. which
参考答案：
D
【详解】考查定语从句。

句意：这部小说主要讲的是人类的骄傲，这基本上是许多失败的原因。

A. why关系副词，做原因状语；B. who关系代词，指人，从句中作主语或宾语；C. what不能引导定语从句；D. which关系代词，指物，从句中作主语或宾语。

分析句子可知，____ is basically the cause of many failures是定语从句，先行词是the pride，指物，从
句中作主语，故用which。

故选D。

5. Was it when searching for the lost book whose cover was missing _______ a secret letter addressed to his mother?
A.did he find
B.until he found
C.that he found
D.had he found
参考答案：
C
6. The English spoken ill London is quite different from spoken in Scotland．
A．which B．what C．the one D．that
参考答案：
D
7. We _____ worry so much about him．He is old enough to take care of himself at college．（）
A．couldn't B．mustn't C．needn't D．daren't
参考答案：
C．
我们不必这么为他担心．他年龄已经够大，能够在学校照顾自己．
本题考查情态动词辨析；couldn't不可能，不能；mustn't禁止；needn't不必；daren't不敢；根据句意选C．
8. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with.
A. whichever
B. whenever
C. whoever
D. wherever
参考答案：
C
9.
In Scotland, as in the rest of the UK.____ schooling begins at age 5 and ends at age 16. A. temporary B. permanent C. compulsory D. optional
参考答案：
C
10. 一I apologize for having made a mess in your bathroom．。

一_______. After all，you didn’t mean it．
A．You’re welcome B．It’s my pleasure C．Don’t mention it D．I can’t agree more
参考答案：
11. Few pleasures can equal -______of a cold drink on a hot day.
A. some
B. any
C. that
D. those
参考答案：
C
12. I like to have my photos taken _______ there are mountains and rivers.
A．there B．in which C．when D．where
参考答案：
D
13. — Excuse me, could you tell me where I could make a call?
—Sorry, I’m a stranger here.— ___________________..
A. Thanks a lot
B. That’s a pity
C. Thanks anyway
D. I’m sorry to hear it
参考答案：
C
14. Here comes word he was killed in a traffic accident.
A. a; that
B. x; that
C. a; which
D. x; which
参考答案：
B
15. I was expecting a present from her, so I was disappointed I didn’t receive ______.
A. it
B. one
C. that
D. the one
参考答案：
B
略
16. ---I was scared silly when _____ guy with a bloody mask jumped out from a corner suddenly.
--- Ah, it’s October 31st, Halloween, _____ day for dressing like witches and ghosts.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C. a; the
D. the; a
参考答案：
C
略
17. —How do the students find the optional courses in your school?
—Very interesting and they think_____the courses in science．
A．a number of B．a great deal of
C．the number of D．the great deal of
参考答案：
B
18. All the books donated by the students from urban schools are said ______ to the students in rural areas the other day.
A. to be sent
B. being sent
C. having been sent
D. to have been sent
参考答案：
D
二、书面表达
19. 假如，你是英国的Mike，你的朋友李华打算到国外留学，他写信询问你什么样的中国学生最受国外高校青睐。

请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信：
1．语言是道硬门槛；
2．适应能力很重要；
3．兴趣爱好被看重；
4．要有社会责任感。

注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Li Hua，
I'm glad to hear that you want to study abroad in your letter．
___________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _
Yours，
Li Hua 参考答案：
Dear Li Hua,
I’m glad to hear that you want to study abroad in your letter. Here is what I know about what kind of Chinese students are favourited in foreign colleges and universities.
As far as I know, the language ability is essential, which helps you communicate with others and makes it easier for you to understand the courses. Besides, you should have
the ability to adapt quickly to the new environment. What’s more, your interest is valued
as well, for it has a lot to do with success. Last but not the least, those who are willing to shoulder social responsibility are especially respected and welcomed.
This is some of my advice, and I hope it can be of some help to you. May you succeed! Best wishes and good luck.
试题分析：假如，你是英国的Mike，你的朋友李华打算到国外留学，他写信询问你什么样的中国学生最受国外高校青睐。

请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信：1．语言是道硬门槛；2．适应能力很重要；[KS5UKS5U3．兴趣爱好被看重；4．要有社会责任感。

写作时不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯同时要把所提示的点写全，语句通顺，同时要注意准确运用时态、语态、上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。

根据句意适当使用并列连词，同时也要合理运用高级词汇和高级句子为文章增色添彩。

注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。

【亮点说明】考查应用文中的书信的写作。

同时也属于提纲类作文，写关于什么样的中国学生最受国外高校青睐，要点都已经给出，审题时注意本文使用一般现在时，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。

难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用省略
句，倒装句和强调句型准确表述。

Here is what I know about what kind of Chinese students are favored in foreign colleges and universities.和those who are willing to shoulder social responsibility are especially respected and welcomed.这两句话都是亮点。

还要注意用适当的关联词：besides，wha t‘s more，last but not least等。

【名师点评】提纲类短文的关键在于要点要全面包括，不能有遗漏和省略。

同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。

三、阅读理解
20. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses．This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect．
The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect, which is named after Catherine “Kitty" Genovese, a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13, 1964．Early in the morning, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work．As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed （刺） by a man later identified as Winston Moseley．Despite Genovese's repeated cries for help, none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police for help．The attack first began at 3:20, but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted police．
Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident, as well as most Americans．As the conclusion, the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments．
There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect．First, the presence of other people creates a division of responsibility．Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present．The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways．When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate．
Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is ambiguous．In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a "lovers' quarrel", and did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered．
61．The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect
because a woman surnamed Genovese．
A．it somehow caused the murder of
B．its discovery resulted from the murder of
C．it was actually discovered by
D．it always makes people think of
62．Genovese was murdered ．
A．while she was going out B．in her apartment
C．halfway
home D．near her apartment
63．Which can NOT have been a possible reason for the neighbors NOT offering Genovese help?
A．They believed in the bystander effect．
B．They thought someone else might help her．
C．They didn't think they should help．
D．They didn't think she needed help．
64．Before deciding to offer help, observers may , according to the psychologists．
A．wait for sort of a signal
B．hesitate and estimate the risk of getting hurt
C．want to be sure it's appropriate to react
D．wonder if the victim is worth helping
65．The article seems to suggest that, if there had
been observers, Genovese might not have been murdered．
A．no B．fewer
C．more D．braver
参考答案：
21. In recent years Chinese animation films and series are trying to break new ground. Yet compared to foreign counterparts, Chinese animation still has a long way to go. Here are four new popular series made in China.
Lingjian Mountain
Animation series Lingjian Mountain was adapted from an online Chinese novel of the same name. The series tell the story of a boy named Wang Lu and his adventures on his way to be a powerful prince. Bearing a strong resemblance to Japanese animation, the series was adapted by two companies from China and Japan and was also broadcast in both countries. The animation series got 7.1 points out of 10 on Douban, one of China’s most popular movie review sites.
Year Hare Affair
The series was adapted from namesake comic series by cartoonist Lin Chao. The author tells the contemporary Chinese history through a group of cute rabbits in uniforms who symbolize the People’s Liberation Army, and images of other animals. Sometimes, these an imals would talk with a dialect that sounds funnier than simply using Mandarin. The series got 8.5 points out of 10 on Douban.
Little Monk Yichan
This is another touching about a seven-year old monk Yichan, and his master Adou’s daily lives. Premiered in 2016, the series had its episode 35 broadcast recently. Each episode focuses on a certain topic, including family, romance and friendship. Despite telling stories from the perspective of a child, the series targets adults and aims to provide some “chicken soup” to let audiences learn to be tolerant and give more love to others. The animation got 9.5 points out of 10 on Douban.
Hua Jiang Hu
Premiered in 2014, the series has had four seasons. The story is based on Chinese history during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (907-960), when there were continuous wars and fights among many small kingdoms. The series got an average of 7.9 points out of 10 on Douban. To those who fancy historical stories, the animation provides another way to learn Chinese history. Y et the series doesn’t pay too much attention to historical details.
21. According to the text, which animation got the highest score?
A. Lingjian Mountain.
B. Little Monk Yichan.
C. Hua Jiang Hu.
D. Year Hare Affair.
22. What does the underlined word “resemblance” probably mean?
A. popularity.
B. difference.
C. similarity.
D. Attraction.
23. What can he learnt from the text?
A. Recently Chinese animation has developed better than other countries.
B. All series are not adaptations from novels online.
C. People interested in ancient history prefer Year Hare Affair.
D. Little Monk Yichan is intended for children.
参考答案：
21. B 22. C 23. B
文章主要讲述了中国比较受欢迎的四部动画，讲述了每一部动画的来源以及动画主要描述的内容和动画的评分。

21. B
细节推理题。

根据Lingjian Mountain中The animation series got 7.1 points out of 10 on Douban.第二部分Year Hare Affair中The series got 8.5 points out of 10 on Douban.第三部分Little Monk Yichan中"The animation got 9.5 points out of 10on Douban．"第四部分Hua Jiang Hu中The series got an average of 7.9 points out of 10 on Douban.可知在豆瓣评分最高的是Little Monk Yichan．故选B
22. C
猜测词义题。

此处指这部电视剧与日本动画有很大的相似之处，由中国和日本两家公司改编，同时也在两国播出。

resemblance “相似，相似之处”,与similarity同义，故选C.
23. B
推理判断题。

根据Year Hare Affair中The series was adapted from namesake comic series by cartoonist Lin Chao. Hua Jiang Hu中The story is based on Chinese history during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (907-960)可知并不是所有的系列都由小说改编的。

故选B.
【名师点睛】
词义猜测题要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义。

因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。

命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。

下面结合文本及近几年高考试题，对词义猜测的技巧加以解读。

1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测
有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。

例如：It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is, it will break easily.从后面that is(也就是说)的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。

小题2此处指这部电视剧与日本动画有很大的相似之处，由中国和日本两家公司改编，同时也在两国播出。

resemblance “相似，相似之处”,与similarity同义，故选C.
2.根据同位关系进行猜测
阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。

例如：The “Chunnel”, a tunnel(隧道) connecting England and France, is now complete.此句中a tunnel connecting England and France是Chunnel的同位语。

因此，The “Chunnel”就是英法之间的海底隧道。

3.根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测
在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，在后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。

例如：“Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10,” Anaclerio said, “and they’re very interactive and creative in that they built a sense of drama based on a subject.”文中interactive是由前缀inter-(相互的)和active(活动的，活跃的)而构成的，同时根据上下文的意思可以判断，该词的含义应是“互动的”。

4.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测
根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。

另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。

例如：A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.从前后两句的意思可以看出，hassle和a basket of fun肯定是近乎相反的意义。

所以不难判断hassle的意思是“困难，麻烦”。