山西阳高县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮训练(3)及答案

山西阳高县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮训练（3）及答案
阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Last week, we explained that the planet Mars has passed “opposition。

”It passed a point opposite the Sun. This week, we tell about the planet's surprising motion(运动)among the stars.
For thousands of years, people have recognized that planets travel among the stars. The planets generally follow the path taken by the Sun through the sky. The Sun’s path is called the ecliptic。

The groups of stars along the ecliptic are called the Zodiac.
The motion of the planets can be confusing at times。

Everyone knows the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west。

But this is caused by the turning motion of the Earth。

Planets generally move from west to east。

However，Mars will appear to move backward for about two months this year. This happens because the Earth is overtaking Mars on its way around the Sun。

Mars began its backward, or westward, motion on May 11th，It will start moving eastward again on July 19th.
Mars’ apparent motion has been a myste ry to astronomers for hundreds of years。

Most early theories of the solar system argued that the Sun and planets turned around the Earth。

But the sudden westward motion of Mars presented a problem。

Why would Mars move west for two months when it nears “opposition”?
In 1543， a Polish church worker named Nicolas Copernicus
published a different theory. His theory said the Earth and planets moved around the Sun in perfectly circular orbits. Copernicus’ theory was simpler. But his Sun – centered system still did not explain the observed motion of Mars very well.
Finally，a German mathematician named Johannes Kepler published a complete theory of the motion of the planets in 1619。

He had carefully studied the motion of Mars for many years.
Johannes Kepler discovered that the planets do not move in circular orbits around the sun. Instead，they travel in flattened orbits called ellipses. Mars' elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.
During the next several weeks, you can see for yourself why the mysterious motion of Mars has caused so many people to wonder。

63. From the passage we can learn that 。

A。

the sun and planets generally travel westward
B。

Kepler studied the orbit of the planets in 1619
C。

C opernicus’ theory well explained the motion of Mars
D. the Earth’s turning motion causes the sun to rise in the east
64. On July 19th Mars 。

A。

will pass the “opposition" B. appears to change its direction again
C. will begin to move westward D。

appears to change its orbit again
65. Why does Mars appear to be bigger and brighter when it passes “opposition”?
A. It is overtaking the earth. B。

It follows the path of the sun。

C。

It moves in an elliptical orbit. D. It travels in a circular orbit。

66。

What is the best title for the passage？
A。

The Recent Research into Mars B。

The Surprising Motion of Mars
C. The Great Discovery on Mars
D. The Wonderful Mystery of Mars
motion of the planets in 1619。

Kepler在1619年出版了行星运动的完全理论" 可知，他的研究应该是在1619年之前，B错误；根据第六段最后一句“But his Sun – centered system still did not explain the observed motion of Mars very well。

”可知，C错误;根据第三段第二、三句“Everyone knows the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west。

But this is caused by the turning motion of the Earth。

”可知D正确。

【考点定位】考查推理判断题。

64。

【答案】B
【解析】根据第四段最后一句“Mars began its backward，or
westward，motion on May 11th，It will start moving eastward again on July 19th。

”可知，B正确。

【考点定位】考查细节理解题。

65。

【答案】C
【解析】根据第八段最后一句“Mars' elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.”可知，C正确.【考点定位】考查细节理解题。

66。

【答案】B
【解析】综合全文，文章主要讲今年火星Mars有两个月的时间是向西转动的，这与一般行星自西向东转动是相反的,因此B项符合题意。

【考点定位】考查标题总结题.
阅读下列短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

I have been passionate about sewing and fashion design since I was
12. Two years ago, I designed and made a set of outfits from recyclable materials for a charity fashion show。

Through this highly meaningful and profound experience, I became aware of the importance of protecting and preserving our environment when designing and making fashion items，resulting in my founding an organization to promote eco - friendly，design and fashion.
My interest has led me to research areas of fashion that have environmental implications。

For example , some popular clothing stores
have announced marketing policies designed to improve the environment. For those of us who are eco - conscious，it is responsible for us to evaluate whether such policies are just a marketing promotion, or represent great efforts to protect our environment。

Three chain - stores, H＆M, Urban Outfitters and Forever 21 ，have been promoting ”green” items. After I examined their products, I have concluded that H&M and Urban Outfitters are truly helping the environment with their efforts, while Forever 21 seems to be using the "go green" trend as a way to sell more products，rather than genuinely help the environment。

Of these three stores，H＆M has the most extensive eco -fashion plans。

It is already well on its way to carrying out its plans by increasingly mixing organic cotton into their garments, as well as putting fully organic cotton items on the market。

The store also belongs to the Organic Exchange Organization, which approves of growth of organic cotton。

To reduce the harm from non - organic cotton production，H&M is involved with the Better Cotton Project. Mindful of the unfavorable effects of climate change，the store aims to minimize transportation and energy usage. H＆M labels their eco -friendly products with an official symbol，the Flower，to represent a production system that is less harmful than most traditional processes. Because of these actions and policies, H&M is already well on its way to making a difference on the environment.
With its Urban Renewal brand, Urban Outfitter takes a different
approach than H＆M in promoting eco —friendly fashion. The brand features women’ s clothes made from strictly environmentally -friendly sources, such as vintage, dead stock，or surplus clothing. Urban Renewal produces fashionable garments，and embraces being eco —friendly through recycling.
Unlike the other two stores above，Forever 21 ’ s eco — fashion efforts fall short；some people would say their message is thoroughly misleading。

It promotes the "green” image，and yet many of their supposed eco —friendly products do not help the environment。

For example, it sells a ”Think Green Tote” that, according to the site，is meant to "send an environmentally friendly message. " However it is made of 100％non - organic cotton which is one of the most damaging fabrics to the environment, mostly because it requires greater chemical intervention compared to organic cotton. Al so, the ”I Love My Planet Tote" is supposed to ”make a positive statement，" but is also made of 100％cotton that is not organic。

The only tote that is environmentally - friendly is the "H81 Organic Cotton Tote" from Forever 21’ s Heritage brand，made from 100％organic cotton. Now that Forever 21 has portrayed itself as being "green," it should start ”walking the walk. ”67。

The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ____.
A. all the customers are trying not to walk into the Forever 21 to buy products
B。

the Forever 21 has already been on its way to transform its negative
image
C。

the writer publicly urges the Forever 21 to put its campaign into practice
D. the environmental problem is so serious that we should pay more attention
68. Which of the following supports the author’s opinion？
A。

The author' s environmental awareness comes from his shopping experiences。

B. None of the three stores makes a difference on the ecological protection。

C。

Someone uses the ”go green" trend just as a trick to make more profit.
D。

It is still a very long way before we humans will use real green products.
69。

The passage is developed by ____。

A。

showing cause and effect B。

giving concrete figures C. making comparison and contrast D。

using time order
70。

Which of the following statements can be the best title？
A。

Does the Trend of Eco — Friendly Help the Environment?
B。

Green Products Are Common in Fashion Stores.
C. A Survey of Eco — Friendly Design on Fashion Markets。

D. Are Chain Stores in Fashion Really Going Green?
68．【答案】C
【解析】依据第三段最后一句while Forever 21 seems to be using the ”go green" trend as a way to sell more products，rather than genuinely help the environment.可知，Forever 21标榜为“绿色环保”只是为了更好地卖出产品，并非真正的保护环境，C项是正确的。

依据第一段第二句，作者从设计中体会到环保的重要性，可知A错误；从第四、五段可看到，H&M 和Urban Outfitter 是有环保意识的，得出B和D都是错误的。

【考点定位】考查推理判断题。

69．【答案】C
【解析】文章第一、二段描述自己的环保意识和责任，第三、四、五、六分别以比较的方式描述了三家公司是否环保，因此C项是正确的。

【考点定位】考查推理判断题。

70．【答案】D
【解析】文章作者主要是通过对比和比较三家公司的产品是否环保来得出，许多标有“绿色环保”的产品是不是都名符其实,结果是有的公司确实有环保意识，并且付诸行动，有时只是借着“绿色环保”的牌子来更好地出售自己的产品，因此D正确。

【考点定位】考查标题总结题。

阅读理解.
阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D) 中，选出最佳选项。

We know the famous ones—the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells-but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)?Shouldn't we know who they are？
Joan McLean thinks so。

In fact, McLean，a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range，feels so strongly about this matter that she’s developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning
“who”invented“what”，however, McLean also likes her students to learn the answers to the“why” and “how” questions. According to McLean，“Wh en students learn the answers to these questions，they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try。

”
Her students agree。

One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLean's statement. “If I had not heard the
story of the windshield wiper's invention,”said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major，“I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive。

”Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.
So，just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well，Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York
City.The day was cold and stormy，but Anderson still wanted to see the sights,so she jumped aboard a streetcar。

Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield，she found herself wondering why there couldn’t be a built。

in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham，Alabama，Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆）on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside，became the first windshield wiper.
Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It’s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A．Morgan’s traffic light。

It's equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J．Blodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible。

Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses？
大发明家与重要的发明固然令人振奋，但生活中也离不开小发明，本篇文章鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机.
9．By mentioning “traffic light"and “windshield wiper”，the author indicates that countless inventions are________。

A. beneficial，because their inventors are famous
B. beneficial,though their inventors are less famous
C. not useful，because their inventors are less famous
D. not useful, though their inventors are famous
答案：B。

细节理解题。

由文章最后一段，特别是第一句“Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations.”可知信号灯和雨刮器等这些小的发明使我们受益。

第一段最后一句“Shouldn’t we know who they are？"意思是“难道我们不该知道他们（发明者)是谁吗？”可知发明者不怎么出名。

10．Professor Joan McLean's course aims to________.
A. add colour and variety to students’ campus life
B。

inform students of the windshield wiper's invention
C. carry out the requirements by Mountain University
D。

prepare students to try their own inventions
答案：D。

细节理解题.由第二段内容，特别是最后一句“.。

‘When
students learn the answers to these questions，they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.’”可知D项最佳。

11．To mmy Lee’s invention of the unbreakable umbrella was______. A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer
B。

inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper
C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm
D。

not related to Professor Joan McLean's lectures
答案：B。

细节理解题。

由第三段中Tommy Lee的话“If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper’s invention。

..I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.”可知他的发明是因为受到雨刮器的发明故事的启发。

12．Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage？A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?
B。

How to Design a Built。

in Device for Cleaning the Window？
C. Shouldn't We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper？
D。

Shouldn't We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?
答案：C。

主旨大意题。

全文讲述一些重要的发明，虽不为人知，却
非常有益，借以鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机。

其他选项都比较片面。

阅读理解.
阅读理解.阅读下列短文，从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

About 21，000 young people in 17 American states do not attend classes in school buildings.Instead，they receive their elementary （初等）and high school education by working at home on computers。

The Center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public“cyberschools”，and that is about twice as many as two years ago.
The money for students to attend a cyberschool comes from the governments of the states where they live.Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools.They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well。

Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed.These people say cyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools.They say learning at
home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school。

Whatever the judgment of cyberschools,they are getting more and more popular。

For example，a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take in students this fall.It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen。

Children get free equipment for their online education。

This includes a computer，a printer，books and technical services.Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers when necessary。

Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another.But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School recently met for the first time。

They were guests of honor at their graduation.
本文讲述了美国很多年轻人不去学校学，而是在家参加网络学习。

教育家对网络学校持不同的看法。

有些教育家认为很难知道网络学习质量的好坏。

有些教育家认为网络学习可按学生自己的速度进行，且不用坐车去上学。

不管怎样，网络学习越来越受欢迎。

13．What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool?
A．They have to take long bus rides to school.
B．They study at home rather than in classrooms。

C．They receive money from traditional public schools。

D．They do well in traditional school programs。

答案：B.细节理解题.根据短文第一段第一、二句可知，学生不用去学校而是在家里通过电脑学习。

14．What is a problem with cyberschools?
A．Their equipment costs a lot of money.
B．They get little support from the state government。

C．It is hard to know students' progress in learning。

D．The students find it hard to make friends。

答案：C。

细节理解题。

根据短文第二段最后一句话可知：很难知道网络学习的好坏.
15．Cyberschools are getting popular because______.
A．they are less expensive for students
B．their students can work at their own speed
C．their graduates are more successful in society
D．they serve students in a wider age range
答案：B.细节理解题。

根据短文第三段第一句话可知,网络学习的好
处是学生可按自己的速度进行。

16．We can infer that the author of the text is______。

A．unprejudiced in his description of cyberschools
B．excited about the future of cyberschools
C．doubtful about the quality of cyberschools
D．disappointed at the development of cyberschools
答案：A。

推理判断题。

综观全文可知，作者客观地描述了网络学习的优缺点，由此可知作者对网络学校并不含偏见。