北师大版高中英语必修三 Unit9 Wheels-语法篇(学生版)

Unit 9 Wheels 语法篇
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1、掌握过去完成进展时的用法。

2、掌握如今完成进展时与如今完成时的区别。

一. 如今完成进展时
1. 构成：如今完成进展时由“have/has been + 动词的如今分词〞构成，第三人称单数用has，其他各种人称用have。

2. 用法：
①表示动作从过去某时开场并且一直持续到如今，并由可能持续下去。

这个动作可能刚停顿，也可能仍继续进展下去，常与延续性动词连用，并常带有表示动作起讫时间的状语，如since last week, since 1992等或由since引导的时间状语从句；也可以带有时间表示时间长度的状语，如for an hour, for a few days, these days等。

I have been watching TV the whole evening. 我整个晚上一直在看电视。

Tom has been working hard since the new term began. 自从新学期开场，汤姆一直在努力学习。

②表示到目前为止的一段时间内动作时断时续、反复发生。

You have been telling me not to be late all the way. 一路上你反复告诉我不要迟到。

③表示动作刚刚完毕，一般不再继续，有时会指出结果。

I have been playing ping-pong all the morning, so I'm sweating. 整个上午我一直在打乒乓球，所以浑身是汗。

I've been painting the door, so my hands are dirty. 我一直在漆门，所以手很脏。

④表示某种感情色彩。

You have been deceiving me. 你一直在骗我。

误区警示：
①某些不能用于进展时态的动词同样不能用于如今完成进展时，但可以用于如今完成时，如：see, hear, know, like等。

②如今完成进展时多用延续性动词
③瞬间性动词〔词组〕go, get up, come, marry, finish等不能用于如今完成进展时。

二. 如今完成进展时与如今完成时的区别
如今完成进展时是兼有如今完成时和如今进展时二者根本特点的时态。

由于它有如今完成时的特点，所以它可以表示某一动作对如今产生的结果或影响，由于它由如今进展时的特点，所以它也可以表示某一动作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性乃至感情色彩。

如今完成进展时和如今完成时的区别如下：
试比拟：
①He has written a letter. 他写了一封信。

〔信已写好〕
He has been writing a letter. 他一直在写一封信。

〔一直在写信，尚未写好〕
②Have you met him recently? 你最近见过他吗？〔不表示反复〕
Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？〔表示反复〕
③I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。

〔表示事实〕
I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。

〔表示不满〕
例1. The manager _ ____ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
A. has told
B. is telling
C. has been telling
D. will have told
例 2. The girl has a great interest in sport and ___ __ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
A. took
B. is taking
C. takes
D. has been taking
例3.---I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me?
---Sorry, I __ __ the piano for years.
A.don't play
B.wasn't playing
C.haven't played
D.hadn't played
例4. When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I __ __ my mind.
A.have changed
B.change
C.had changed
D.would change
例5. Tom __ __ in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works
B. worked
C. has been working
D. had been working
例6.〔2021 福建高考〕---Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.
---He went to the library after breakfast and __ __ his essay there ever since.
A. wrote
B. had written
C. has been writing
D. is writing
例7.〔2021 江西高考〕---Tony, why are your eyes red?
---I __ __ up peppers for the last five minutes.
A. cut
B. was cutting
C. had cut
D. have been cutting
例8.〔2021 湖南高考〕Since the time humankind started gardening, we __ __ to make our environment more beautiful.
A. try
B. have been trying
C. are trying
D. will try
根底演练
一. 用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. You know, I (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview.
2. The little boy is dirty all over because he (play) in the mud all the morning.
3. He (read) in the library out since it opened this morning.
4. Here he is! We (wait) anxiously for him since last night.
5. She has (live) here ever since she was ten.
6. Both of them (be) in Hong Kong for ten days.
7. Both of them (come) to Hong Kong ten days ago.
二. 单项选择。

1. In order to find the missing child, villagers __ ____ all they can over the past five hours.
A. did
B. do
C. had done
D. have been doing
2. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the children ____ __ everything!
A. had been eating
B. had eaten
C. have eaten
D. have been eating
3. When Alice came to life, she didn't know how long she _____ _ there.
A. had been lying
B. has been lying
C. way lying
D. has lain
4. I have to see the doctor because I _____ _ a lot lately.
A. have been coughing
B. had coughed
C. coughed
D. cough
5. ---Hello, I didn't know you were in America. How long _____ _ here?
---About one year.
A. have you been
B. are
C. were
D. had you been
6. My brother is an actor. He _____ _ in several films so far.
A. appears
B. appeared
C. has appeared
D. is appearing
7. The telephone _____ _ four times in the last hour, and each time it _____ _ for my roommate.
A. has rung; was
B. has been ringing; was
C. had rung; was
D. rang; has been
8. ---How is your grandfather?
---My grandfather _____ _for two years.
A. died
B. has died
C. had been died
D. has been dead
稳固进步
一. 用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. Half an hour __ __ __ (pass) since the train __ __ __ (leave).
2. Mary __ __ __ (lose) her pen. __ __ __ you __ __ __ (see) it here and there?
3. __ __ __ you __ __ __ (find) your watch yet?
4. ---Are you thirsty?
---No, I __ __ __ just __ __ __ (have) some orange.
5. We __ __ __ already __ __ __ (return) the book.
6. __ __ __ they _____ _(build) a new school in the village.
7. I _____ _(not finish) my homework. Can you help me?
二. 单项选择。

1. ---We've spent too much money recently.
---Well, it isn't surprising. Our friends and relatives _____ _ around all the time.
A. are coming
B. had come
C. were coming
D. have been coming
2. Over the past decades, sea ice _____ _ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased
B. decreased
C. has been decreasing
D. is decreasing
3. Please stop to have a rest. You _____ _ the washing machine the whole morning.
A. have repaired
B. were repairing
C. have been repaired
D. have been repairing
4. He _____ _ articles for four newspaper these three years, and he _____ _ about forty articles.
A. has been writing; has written
B. is writing; wrote
C. is writing; has been writing
D. has written; has written
5. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _____ _ going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.
A. had considered
B. has been considering
C. considered
D. is going to consider
6. ---Would you like to go to Shanghai?
---Yes. In the last ten years, great changes _____ _ in Shanghai.
A. have been happened
B. have happened
C. have taken place
D. have been taken place
7. The housing prices _____ _, but I doubt whether they will remain so.
A. went down
B. will go down
C. have gone down
D. were going down
8. When you are home, give a call to let me know you _____ _ safely.
A. are arriving
B. have arrived
C. had arrived
D. will arrive
9.〔2021 北京高考〕In the last few years, China _____ _ great achievements in environmental protection.
A. has made
B. had made
C. was making
D. is making
10.〔2021 陕西高考〕Marty _____ _ really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have finished it by Friday.
A. worked
B. has been working
C. had worked
D. has worked
一. 改错题。

1. All these years they are contributing articles to our magazine.
2. I have been drinking five cups of coffee this afternoon.
3. What have you been doing before you left Oxford?
4. It's a good job. Have you done it all by yourself?
5. It's a long time since you come to see me.
6. Alice didn't see much of Henry lately.
7. I'm glad to tell you that you passed the exam.
二. 单项选择。

1. --- I'm sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
---I think so. He ________ for it for months.
A. is preparing
B. was preparing
C. had been preparing
D. has been preparing
2. By the time he realizes he ________ into a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it.
A. walks
B. walked
C. has walked
D. had walked
3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.
A. saw
B. see
C. had seen
D. have seen
4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she _______ English for a year.
A. studies
B. studied
C. is studying
D. has been studying
5. Danny ________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.
A. works
B. is working
C. has worked
D. had worked
6. ---I have got a headache.
---No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long.
A. work
B. are working
C. have been working
D. worked
7. The unemployment rate in this district_________ from 6% to 5% in the past two years.
A. has fallen
B. had fallen
C. is falling
D. was falling
8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy _______ going back to school，but she hasn't decided yet.
A. had considered
B. has been considering
C. considered
D. is going to consider
9. --- _______ you _______ him around the museum yet?
---Yes. We had a great time there.
A. Have; shown
B. Do; show
C. Had; shown
D. Did; show
10. ---Hi, Tracy, you look pale.
---I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.
A. painted
B. had painted
C. have been painting
D. have painted
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择。

1. ---In my opinion, this English TV play can help students to learn new words.
--- _______, I think it's too hard to understand.
A. I don't agree.
B. Why not
C. I can't agree more
D. Sorry, I'm not sure
2. After dinner, she gave Mr. Smith ______ ride to ______ Red Bridge Airport where he would start his five-day holiday.
A. a; a
B. a; /
C. /; the
D. the; a
3. I _______ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _______.
A. went; was occurring
B. went; occurred
C. was going; occurred
D. was going; had occurred
4. As English is getting more and more difficult to learn, my son has _______ English now.
A. turned on
B. turned off
C. turned up
D. turned down
5. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _______ he can walk by himself.
A. when
B. which
C. whose
D. where
6. Although the value of the pound has been falling recently, Britain can still _______ with the help from other countries.
A. pull through
B. go through
C. put through
D. let through
7. _______ to the left, and you will find the path_______ to the park.
A. Turn; leading
B. Turned; to lead
C. Having turned; led
D. Turning; leading
8. ---Justin kicked the ball into his own goal.
---Thanks to his stupidity and we got _______ as we had expected.
A. twice scores as many
B. as twice many scores
C. twice as scores many
D. many twice as scores
9. _______ there is something else to discuss, I'll declare the meeting closed.
A. As
B. While
C. Since
D. Unless
10. ---The factory was _______ fire last night.
---Someone must have set fire _______ it.
A. on; with
B. on, on
C. on, to
D. with, to
二. 书面表达。

最近，你校同学参加了一场辩论。

辩题是：中学生要不要参加社会理论？请你根据下表所提供的信息，给报社写一篇短文，客观地介绍辩论情况。

题目已经给出。

注意：
1). 词数：100左右。

2). 参考词汇：辩论—debate 正方—the pros 反方—the cons
A Heated Debate。