2018-2019学年高二英语人教版选修8：Unit 1课时跟踪练(一) Warming Up R

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Unit 1课时跟踪练（一) Warming Up & Reading-Pre—reading Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The United States of America is the most culturally diverse country in the world in terms of culture, religion， ethnicity and sexual orientation。

As a combination of various races and cultures， America is home to all.The culture here is so unique that citizens can be just as proud of their original cultural heritage as they are to be Americans。

What is now the US was initially inhabited by native people until the land was settled by various European groups and African slaves.Since the 20th century， the country has become a heaven for people from all over the globe。

The arrival of immigrants has shifted populations from rural areas into cities because immigrants tend to settle in urban areas。

At present， 81 percent of the inhabitants in the US live in cities。

Cultural and ethnic diversity adds a unique flavor to cities that is expressed through distinct neighborhoods，restaurants, places of worship， museums, nightlife and multicultural learning environments。

Unique musical forms, such as jazz, rock and roll， Chicano music, and the blues, grow in the US by mixing a variety of culturally distinct musical traditions to create a new form.
At the executive （行政的) level, the country is headed by a mixed。

race president; two posts on the Supreme C ourt are held by members of the country’s two largest minorities。

There is also diversity in state and local governments。

Without its rich mixture of races and cultures, America would not be the nation that it is today。

Founded upon the basis of equality and freedom， America acts as a stage where different cultures not only co­exist peacefully， but develop well。

错误!
1．What's the best title for this passage？
A．The Effects of Culture and Diversity on America
B．The Influence of Globalization on America
C．The Political Development of America
D．The Bright Future of America
解析：选A 标题归纳题。

通读全文，主要介绍了多元化在各个方面对美国的影响。

2．According to the passage, America is a country ________。

A．that welcomes people from all over the world
B．where citizens take more pride in their original culture
C．that is mostly settled by Europeans and Africans
D．where 81% of the population are immigrants
解析：选 A 细节理解题。

根据第二段的“Since the 20th century， the country has become a heaven for people from all over the globe."可知应选A.
3．Where did most people live before many immigrants came to America?
A．In the urban areas。

B．In the rural areas.
C．In the southern part of America.
D．In the northern part of America.
解析：选 B 细节理解题。

根据第三段的“The arrival of immigrants has shifted populations from rural areas into cities because immigrants tend to settle in urban areas.”可知,大量移民涌入美国之前,他们大多居住在乡下。

4．We can learn from the sixth paragraph that ________。

A．diversity has existed in America in almost every aspect
B．most posts in America state governments are help by mixed。

race people
C．equality and freedom make America a fair country
D．diversity has greatly affected the American political field
解析：选D 推理判断题。

根据第六段内容可知,多元化对美国的政治领域有很大影响。

B
In 2011， a law was born.A type of ladybug (瓢虫） became the state insect of North Dakota。

When the governor signed the bill into law, four kids stood behind him.These second.grade students had helped create a law!
Jaden McNeiley， Logan Redding， Megan Zimmer， and Isabel Sieg were in first grade when their idea for a law was born。

They were studying the ladybug in school.
Megan and Logan were farm kids and knew something about the ladybug already。

They knew that farmers had a problem with crop。

eating pests called aphids (蚜虫) and that ladybugs ate aphids。

The more ladybugs were around， the fewer chemicals the farmers had to use。

The kids were reading an article on the computer when they saw a link that led to a list of state insects.They clicked on the link and couldn’t believe their eyes.North Dakota did not have a state insect!
The kids decided that a kind of ladybug called the convergent lady beetle should be their state insect.This ladybug was of great benefit to their farming state and it deserved a place of honor。

But they had no idea how to create a law。

So they asked their teacher for help。

Their teacher knew their local state representative.When they all met, the representative told the kids they would have to present facts and solid reasons to convince lawmakers that North Dakota needed the ladybug as its state insect.
The students spent much of that first grade spring researching ladybugs.Their teacher ordered ladybug larvae (幼虫)．They watched the larvae develop into adults.To learn more, they talked to scientists who study insects。

The children say their research was hard work and they loved it.“Even if we hadn't gotten what we wanted，" says Jaden，“even if the bill hadn’t passed，it was worth it.”
The students want everyone to know that kids can make a difference.“Whether you are 8 or 80，" says Isabel, “you have a voice in your community.”“Believe in your dreams，” say Jaden and Megan.“But make sure you are ready to do work to back them up！” adds Logan.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文,讲述了四个小学生促使瓢虫成为美国北达科他州的州虫的经历.
5．Before studying the ladybug in school, Megan and Logan already knew ________。

A．how to create a law
B．the advantages of aphids
C．the state insects of the US
D．how ladybugs benefit people
解析：选 D 推理判断题.由第三段中的“They knew that farmers had a problem with crop。

eating pests called aphids （蚜虫) and that ladybugs ate aphids."可推断,这两
名学生此前就知道瓢虫有益于人类。

6．How did the four kids feel when they saw the list of state insects？
A．Surprised. B．Excited.
C．Happy. D．Proud.
解析：选A 推理判断题。

由第四段末的“couldn't believe their eyes.North Dakota did not have a state insect”可推断,孩子们看到州虫列表时很惊讶——北达科他州居然没有州虫。

7．Why did the four kids choose the convergent lady beetle as their state insect?
A．Because it looks beautiful.
B．Because they knew it very well。

C．Because of their teacher's advice.
D．Because of its contribution to farming。

解析：选D 细节理解题。

由第五段中的“This ladybug was of great benefit to their farming state and it deserved a place of honor.”可知，他们之所以选该种瓢虫作为州虫是因为这种瓢虫对该州的农业很有好处。

8．Jaden and Megan encourage kids to ________.
A．work for their dreams
B．believe in themselves
C．be different from others
D．be devoted to their communities
解析:选A 细节理解题。

由最后一段中的“Believe in your dreams”可知，这两名学生鼓励孩子们为梦想而努力。

C
Body Language in the United States
Most people shake hands and make eye contact when they meet people for the first time.Among very good friends, a woman may give another woman a little hug， and a man may kiss a woman quickly on the cheek.Males don’t hug one another， which， however，is changing.Men usually shake hands with the right hand。

Sometimes they use the left hand to either cover the handshake or lightly hold the other person's arm。

This shows greater warmth and friendship。

Most people wave hello or goodbye by extending the arm
palm (手掌） facing outward, and twisting the hand at the wrist。

Another way is to raise the arm， palm outward， and move the whole arm and hand back and forth。

This is important t o know because in many other countries, the same movement means “no”．When people are waiting in a public place， such as the post office, they usually form lines.Some people get angry and complain if someone pushes their way into a line or jumps ahead of other people。

Moreover, many women like men to open doors for them.They also like men to give up their seats on public transportation。

However, some women do not like this type of behavior。

They feel that men and women should be treated in the same way。

In the United States，it’s important to make direct eye contact in business and social situations。

If you don't make eye contact, people will probably think that you are bored or not interested。

If there is silence in these situations, people usually try to make conversation。

Periods of silence make many people uncomfortable.People in the United States usually stand about one arm’s length away from each other while talking or standing together.This space is called “the comfort zone"．In the United States，mothers sometimes show that they are angry with children by shaking an index finger at them。

People may show that they like children by patting them on the top of the head.
语篇解读：美国的体态语有多种。

有些体态语在慢慢发生改变.本文介绍了美国的几种体态语以及社交时应该注意的礼仪。

9．It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that in the United States ________。

A．males begin to hug each other now
B．a man usually kisses a woman for greeting
C．people only use right hands to shake hands
D．people wave good。

bye as people in many other countries do
解析：选A 推理判断题.根据第一段第三句话“Males don't hug one another, which，however， is changing。

”可知，在美国，男性不彼此拥抱的情况正在发生改变。

10．Some women don't like to be offered a seat by men because ________.
A．they think sitting is harmful for health
B．they prefer to stand rather than sit
C．they like to be treated equally
D．they don't need men's favor
解析：选C 细节理解题。

根据第二段最后两句话“However， some women do not like this type of behavior.They feel that men and women should be treated in the same way.”可知，女士不喜欢这种行为，她们觉得男士与女士应该被同样对待，即公平对待。

11．The third paragraph is mainly about ________。

A．body language in public places
B．impolite body language
C．the comfort zone
D．body language in business and social life
解析：选D 段落大意题。

根据本段首句“In the United States, it’s important to make direct eye contact in business and social situations。

”可知，在美国，在商业和社交场合,交谈时眼睛要直视对方，这样显得专注,是对对方的尊重。

这是商业和社交礼仪的一种体态语。

12．In the United States, a mother sometimes shakes an index finger at her kids to show________.
A．boredom B．anger
C．love D．satisfaction
解析:选 B 细节理解题。

根据最后一段第一句话“In the United States, mothers sometimes show that they are angry with children by shaking an index finger at them。

”可知,在美国,母亲如果对孩子们生气，往往是朝他们摇动食指。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Reasons Why You Should Go to College
There are many important reasons why a young person should consider going to college other than just the potential financial rewards.
Have a new beginning. Sometimes you just need a fresh start in life。

__1__ Going to college is a perfect opportunity to break out of that old shell and become someone totally new。

Learn something you like。

It is true that many degrees do not prepare you for the real world in terms of what you learn。

__2__ Take some time to enjoy learning what
you are truly passionate about.
__3__ While parents may be worried about their child’s new。

found freedom， teens are generally pretty excited about it.College can give a young person the independence they think they need as well as the opportunity to start making their own decisions。

Develop your interest. If you are interested in politics， you can get involved in the student government。

If you want to be a journalist， here is an opportunity to get a head start by working for the school paper.__4__
__5__ For some people， the number one reason to go to college may simply be the opportunity to move to a new place。

Many people living in the north may want to go to school in the south to escape the cold.Others may just want to get out of a small town and see the world。

Even moving from a childhood house to a dormitory in a local college campus can be a great change.
A．Be independent.
B．Figure out who you are.
C．Get a change of scenery。

D．Enjoy the best time of your life in college。

E．Whatever you are interested in， there is a group for it.
F．However， a college education is an opportunity to learn what you love。

G．You need to give up your old habits and your old self, and become the person you want to be。

语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了青少年上大学的一些原因。

1．选G 本选项承接上一句说明上大学是为了有一个全新的开始,你需要放弃原来的习惯和自我，成为你想成为的人，故选G。

2．选F 本选项与上一句构成语意上的转折关系，与主旨相对应，并与下一句构成语意上的并列关系,共同说明上大学是为了学习一些你喜欢的东西,故选F。

3．选 A 由本段中的关键信息词“freedom”“independence"和“making t heir own decisions"可以概括出本段的主旨，即实现独立自主,故选A。

4．选 E 本选项承接前面的两个条件状语从句，来总结性地说明:无论你对什么感兴趣，你都能找到相应的团体,故选E.
5．选C 本段主要讲很多人上大学是为了追求新的环境,感受不一样的风景，故选C.。