高二英语阅读理解(人生百味)(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题及解析

高二英语阅读理解(人生百味)(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类
1．阅读理解
There are lots of ways to educate yourself on the Internet. You can find photos, documents, and films on almost any topic you can imagine. And at , you can access lectures by artists, scholars, designers, technicians and others.
TED began in 1984 as a conference that brought together individuals from the fields of technology, entertainment and design. It was intended to be a one-time event focusing on technology and design. The event ended up losing money, and it was six years before the founders tried it again. This time it worked, and since 1990, the TED conference has been an annual event. There are now two held every year, with topics as diverse as music, medicine, and money. Other specialized spin-off conferences address narrower issues.
The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to "offer free knowledge from the world's most inspired thinkers," as the website puts it. The current version of the site was launched in April 2007, and contains videos of talks given at the TED conferences around the world. The talks are transcribed into hundreds of languages.
The TED website is owned by the Sapling Foundation, a non profit devoted to fostering the spread of great ideas. The Sapling foundation acquired TED in 2001. Since then, it has been focusing on using TED to broadcast ideas that might change the world.
TED, of course, isn't immune to criticism. It's been called elitist(精英) for its high ticket prices (more than 6,000 dollars total). It's been accused by a few people of censorship for not publishing their talks. One controversial speaker was upset about being criticized by the conference's host afterward.
The complaints, however, seem to be relatively few for such a large, long-running organization. And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is given away for free on TED's website. Whatever its failings, TED is a source of inspirational information for those who seek it out.
（1）What is the main topic of the article?
A.The case against TED
B.What's on TED today.
C.Pros and cons of .
D.What is TED
（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.The TED conference came after the success of .
B.Two TED conferences are now held every year.
C.TED talks are available in many languages.
D.The Sapling Foundation owns .
（3）From the last two paragraphs, we can infer that ________.
A.it is accepted to all involved that some TED talks might not be published
B.the host of the conference is one who plays a supportive role to the speakers
C.TED is criticized for giving special treatment to the wealthy or powerful
D.the negative comments on TED greatly affects its reputation
（4）This author probably believes that________.
A.TED is elitist
B.TED is beneficial
C.TED isn't important
D.TED is the best website
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了TED以及它的历史发展。

（1）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“And at , you can acce ss lectures by artists, scholars, designers, technicians and others.”在，你可以访问艺术家、学者、设计师、技术人员和其他人的演讲。

以及以下几个段落的内容，可知这篇文章的主题是“TED 是什么”，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to ‘offer free knowledge from the world's most inspired thinkers,’ as the website puts it.”TED网站源于一种与世界分享会议的愿望，用网站的话说，就是“向世界上最有灵感的思想家们提供免费的知识”。

可知，“TED大会是在网站成功之后召开的”这种表述错误，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“TED, of course, isn't immune to criticism. It's been called elitist(精英) for its high ticket prices.”当然，TED也免不了受到批评。

它因其高昂的票价被称为精英主义；以及最后一段中的“And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is given away for free on TED's website.”而当这么多东西在泰德的网站上免费赠送时，精英主义的指责就显得空洞了。

可推断出，TED因给予富人或有权势的人特殊待遇而受到批评，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Whatever its failings, TED is a source of inspirational information for those who seek it out.”不管它的缺点是什么，TED都是那些寻找它的人鼓舞人心的信息来源。

可推断出，这位作者可能认为TED是有益的，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
When I was 12 years old, I already knew that my teen years were going to be the worst years of my life. I was a total outsider, bullied (欺凌) at school. I felt completely alone in my small town.
But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a passion for helping others. The opportunity to practice kindness made me feel like my life had a greater purpose. The more positive energy I shared, the more kindness and appreciation I received. I realized that my purpose in life would be to reach out to people, specifically teenagers, and help them feel less alone.
Books were my true friends back then. I was so thankful that the authors wrote those books. The kindness they offered me with their books saved my life. One of my biggest dreams was to become an author so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me.
After surviving terrible experiences at school and at home, I made a choice to take the optimistic, positive road in the next steps of my journey. My dream career, one I thought was only possible for the authors I loved, is what I am doing now. I have been a full-time author of teen novels since 2007 and am grateful for this amazing opportunity to reach out to readers every single day.
Kindness saved me when I needed help the most. Even small acts of kindness can change someone's life. You never know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily kindness, you become an architect of positive change.
（1）What was the author's life like when he was 12?
A.Boring.
B.Peaceful.
C.Unhappy.
D.Meaningful.
（2）How did the volunteer work benefit the author?
A.It made him popular in his town.
B.It helped him find the meaning of life.
C.It helped him understand others' lives better.
D.It helped to shape his dream career.
（3）Why did the author choose writing as his job?
A.He was inspired by his teacher.
B.He could pass positive energy to readers.
C.He wanted to share his school experiences.
D.He found he had a talent for writing.
（4）What does the author suggest readers do in the last paragraph?
A.Say 'no' to bullies bravely.
B.Make positive changes in their lives.
C.Treat others with kindness in daily life.
D.Learn to care more about others' feelings.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己参加志愿活动的经历，告诉人们：一次小善举也可能改变一个人的一生。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“When I was 12 years old, I already knew that my teen years were going to be the worst years of my life.”可知，十二岁时，“我”就意识到青少年时期是“我”一生中最糟糕的阶段；以及“I was a total outsider, bullied at school”，“我”觉得自己是局外人，说明此时的生活是不如意的。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a passion for helping others. The opportunity to practice kindness in the face of so much anger made me feel like my life had a greater purpose.”可知，但是在我14岁的时候开始做志愿者工作，我把我的问题变成了帮助别人的热情。

面对如此多的愤怒，我有机会实践仁慈，这让我觉得我的生活有一个更大的目标。

因此推断参加志愿活动给“我”提供了表达善意的机会，让“我”感觉到生活有更大的意义。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“The kindness they offered me with their books sav ed my life. One of my biggest dreams was to become an author so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me.”可知，书中作者的善意拯救了“我”的生活，“我”最大的梦想就是成为一名作家，可以写书去帮助其他的青少年，把善意传递给他们。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Even small acts of kindn ess can change someone's life. You never know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily kindness, you become an architect of positive change.”可知，作者在提醒我们注意善意的力量，一次小善举也可能改变一个人的一生，平时以善意待人，会让人们成为积极改变的缔造者。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn't very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn't catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, "Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish." I remember being even more upset then because, "I'm not a fish!" I didn't know how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish does?
As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don't have any eyelids (眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes. The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them.
When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say, "We all
need to think like sales people." But it didn't completely make sense. My dad never once said, "If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman." What he said was, "You need to think like a fish." Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters.
（1）Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine?
A. He could not catch a fish.
B. His father was not patient with him.
C. His father did not teach him fishing.
D. He could not influence a fish as his father did.（2）What did the author's father really mean by saying "to think like a fish"?
A. To read about fish.
B. To learn fishing by himself.
C. To understand what fish think.
D. To study more about fish.
（3）According to the author, fish are most likely to be found .
A. in deep water on sunny days
B. in deep water on cloudy days
C. in shallow water under sunlight
D. in shallow water under waterside trees
（4）After entering the business world, the author found .
A. it easy to think like a customer
B. his father's fishing advice inspiring
C. his first boss's sales ideas reasonable
D. it difficult to sell services to poor people
（5）This passage most likely comes from .
A. a fishing guide
B. a book about sales
C. a novel on childhood
D. a millionaire's story
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）D
（4）B
（5）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者小时候同父亲钓鱼，作者父亲的关于钓鱼的建议给了作者在钓鱼，尤其是后来的销售工作中的一些启示。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn't very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn't catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why.” 当我九岁的时候，我喜欢和我爸爸一起去钓鱼。

但唯一不好玩的是，他能钓到很多鱼，而我却什么也抓不到。

我通常很沮丧，不停地问他为什么。

可知我沮丧是因为我抓不到鱼，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

第二段讲述的是随着我慢慢长大，我理解了父亲的话，于是我买了很多关于鱼的书和参加关于鱼的俱乐部和会议去了解鱼的特点及习性，可推断作者的父亲的话的含义就是要想抓到鱼就应该多研究鱼，了解鱼，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don't have any eyelids (眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes.” 这就是为什么鱼喜欢浅水而不是深水，因为前者比较温暖。

此外，在阳光直射下，水通常比在阴凉处温暖。

然而，鱼没有任何眼皮和太阳伤害他们的眼睛。

根据作者对鱼的研究，可知在水边树下的浅
水中更容易找到鱼，故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“ My dad never once said, ‘If you want to catch a fish you need to think li ke a fisherman.’ What he said was, ‘You need to think like a fish.” Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers.’” 我爸爸从来没有说过，“如果你想钓一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考。

”他说，“你需要像鱼一样思考。

”几年后，努力为比我年长和富有得多的人推广长期服务，我逐渐了解到我们需要的是像顾客那样去思考。

由此可知，父亲的话对我后来的销售工作有着很大的影响，因此推断作者父亲钓鱼的建议对作者很有启发，故选B。

（5）考查推理判断。

本文主要讲述作者小时候同父亲钓鱼，作者父亲的关于钓鱼的建议给了作者在钓鱼，尤其是后来的销售工作中的一些启示。

作者写钓鱼主要也是想表达作者父亲的建议对作者后来销售工作的启发，因此可推断这篇文章可能来自关于销售的书，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Failure is an unavoidable part of life. Though science has named some life skills that promise success, we're told over and over again that no great success was ever achieved without failure -- or many failed attempts. One of life's most important lessons, therefore, has to be how to handle failure best. But what is the message?
For starters, ignore advice from anyone that tells you, "Don't beat yourself up about it," no matter how well-meaning they are. According to the new research from the University of Kansas, we absolutely should be beating ourselves up when we fail. Marketing professor Noelle Nelson and her team found that the more emotional a person's response is to failure, the more likely they are to achieve better results the next time they deal with a related task.
The researchers carried out two experiments in which undergraduate students were required to perform specific tasks. In one experiment, they were asked to search online for a squeezer and report the lowest price they could find with the possibility of winning a $50 cash prize. However, the task was controlled, and all participants were told (by a computer) that the lowest price was $3.27 less than their reported price. Consequently, no participant won the cash prize. When the results were announced, some participants were asked to focus on their emotional response, and others on their cognitive (认知的) response. During the next similar task, participants who focused on their emotional response to failure made more effort than those who focused on a cognitive response.
Everybody has their own unique challenges, responsibilities, duties, and projects, but these findings are related to all of us. Your personal failure may be a cake that fails to rise, a presentation that goes wrong, or a deadline that gets missed—it doesn't matter. What matters is how you react to it. Instead of thinking about the failure, let yourself feel bad about it. Then follow this advice on how to bounce back after your failure.
（1）What's the relationship between failure and success?
A.Failure promises success.
B.Failure is the key to success.
C.Failure does damage to success.
D.Well-handled failure is good for success.
（2）Why does the writer support beating oneself up when failing?
A.It's a well-meaning suggestion for failure.
B.It's been proved by the study of a university.
C.Being emotional is good for his future success.
D.It can make people less emotional about failure.
（3）Which can be the best title for the passage?
A.Personal Failure Is a Cake That Fails to Appear
B.The Most Productive Way to Handle Any Failure
C.Different Methods to Change Failure into Success
D.The Reason Why Failure Is the Mother of Success
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章向读者传达了失败乃是人生不可避免的一部分，但是如何处理失败是很重要的。

每次失败后，我们应该自责，自责能让我们下次做得更好。

（1）推理判断题。

根据第一段中的we're told over and over again that no great success was ever achieved without failure以及“One of life's most important lessons, therefore, has to be how to handle failure best.（人生中很重要的一课是学会如何最好地处理失败）”可知，好好处理的失败对成功是好的。

故选D。

（2）细节理解题。

由第二段中的“we absolutely should be beating ourselves up when we fail （当我们失败的时候我们应该自责）”与“the more emotional a person's response is to failure, the more likely they are to achieve better results the next time they deal with a related task（一个人对失败的情绪越大，下次他遇到相关的任务取得更好的结果的可能越大）”可知，对失败有情绪对将来的成功是很重要的。

故选C。

（3）主旨大意题。

这是一篇说明文，根据文章第一段中的最后一句“One of life's most important lessons, therefore, has to be how to handle failure best.（人生中很重要的一课是学会如何最好地处理失败）”可知，本文是教给大家如何有效地面对失败。

故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题。

细节理解题要注意根据题目和文章的关键词在文章中寻找答案。

推理判断题要注意联系上下文，推断出所需信息，主旨大意题要注意找文章的主题句或主题段落，联系上下文，从而判断出文章的主题。

5．阅读理解
A hospital has been forced to ban Pokemon Go players from the site after a monster hub(妖怪枢纽站) was found in the A&E department. Royal Stoke University Hospital discovered that its
casualty unit(急诊室) is on the same spot as a Pokemon Go 'gym' -- where players can train their newly caught Nintendo creatures.
The University Hospitals of North Midlands Trust agreed last week that patients can play Pokemon Go on wards because walking around is healthy. But the Trust has been forced to post a warning on its website about public access to A&E. It said if Pokemon Go becomes a major annoyance it would ask Nintendo-- which decides on the locations of the virtual gyms according to GPS--to have it removed from the premises(道馆).
Kevin Parker, associate chief nurse, said, "Members of the public who do not need to be at Royal Stoke should not attempt to enter A&E or any other part of the hospital building to play the game. The A&E department is incredibly busy this summer. We want the public to understand that anybody who visits the hospital solely to play the game will provide an unwanted distraction to the important work of the hospital. I'm also aware of various reports in the media of unsafe areas that the game has been played in."
"Royal Stoke University Hospital is a safe area where gamers can enjoy Pokemon Go." Michelle Harris, the Trust's manager, said the game could still be played by those already in hospital. "We recognize that the Pokemon Go game encourages walking and exercise, which is something that the Trust is equally keen to promote," she said.
There are a number of "walking routes" established throughout the Trust that can be used to combine walking and playing the game. "Walking just 30 minutes, five times a week, can help reduce the risk of preventable illnesses such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease."
There have been several warnings about the game since its UK release. Last week a group of teenagers in Wiltshire were left stranded almost 100ft underground after they got carried away searching for Pokemon Go characters. The four boys, aged 16 and 17, ended up getting lost and had to wait to get a phone signal before they could call for help. Eventually, they contacted Dorset and Wiltshire Fire and Rescue team, who took them to safety. Damien Bence, of the fire and rescue team, said: "Pokemon Go is obviously leading people into dangerous situations."（1）It seems that Pokemon Go is a game .
A. designed to help patients in hospital recover sooner
B. helping cure such diseases as obesity, diabetes and heart disease
C. encouraging players to walk and exercise instead of staying indoors
D. warning teenagers of the places easy to get lost or attacked
（2）The A&E department is incredibly busy because .
A. more patients' arrival increases the workload of the A&E department
B. doctors' playing the game makes the A&E department less efficient
C. players' injury increases the workload of the A&E department
D. players' arrival disturbs the work of the A&E department
（3）The underlined word in the last paragraph probably means .
A. hurt
B. disturbed
C. trapped
D. threatened
（4）The passage is mainly about .
A. the negative effects of Pokemon Go since its UK release
B. the applications of Pokemon Go in hospitals since its UK release
C. the popularity of Pokemon Go since its UK release
D. the establishment of Pokemon Go virtual gyms since its UK release
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲了"口袋妖怪"游戏自英国发行以来的负面影响。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第三段"We recognize that the Pokemon Go game encourages walking and exercise, which is something that the Trust is equally keen to promote," 可知"口袋妖怪"是一款鼓励玩家步行和锻炼，而不是呆在室内的游戏，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的”Kevin Parker, associate chief nurse, said, ‘Members of the public who do not need to be at Royal Stoke should not attempt to enter A&E or any other part of the hospital building to play the game....’”“副护士长凯文·帕克说道："身体健康的普通民众不应该来医院的急诊室或者其他科室玩'口袋妖怪'游戏，今年夏天急诊部非常忙碌。

由此推断出，急诊部非常地忙碌是因为玩家的到来扰乱了急诊部的工作，故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据最后一段中的“The four boys, aged 16 and 17, ended up getti ng lost and had to wait to get a phone signal before they could call for help.”这四名年龄十六七岁的男生因为玩游戏迷了路，只能干等手机信号才可以打电话求救。

由此推断出，Last week a group of teenagers in Wiltshire were left stranded almost 100ft underground after they got carried away searching for Pokemon Go characters.的意思是上周，威尔特郡的一群青少年忘乎所以地寻找"口袋妖怪"游戏精灵以至于被困在地下近100英尺的地方。

stranded的意思是被困，故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

最后一段“There have been several warnings about the game since its UK release.”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了"口袋妖怪"自英国发行以来的负面影响，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
"Old wives tales" are beliefs passed down from one generation to another. For example, most of us remember our parents' telling us to eat more of certain foods of not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time.
Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic(蒜）is good for you ,too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.
Unfortunately, not all of Mom's advice passed the test of medical studies. For example,
generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well, yes and no. Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.
Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don't hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives' tales. After much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.
（1）Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. Eating garlic is good for our eyes.
B. Carrots prevent people from catching colds.
C. Swimming after a meal is dangerous.
D. Sticky sweets tend to damage our teeth.
（2）According to the passage, what does the underlined phrase "hold water" mean?
A. To be believable.
B. To be valuable.
C. To be admirable.
D. To be suitable.（3）Why do we need to respect the body of knowledge in the old wives' tales?
A. Because it is told by our ancestors.
B. Because it is scientifically supported.
C. Because it is based on many years' experience.
D. Because it is related to family health care.
（4）What is the author's attitude toward "old wives' tales" in the text?
A. Subjective
B. Objective
C. Dissatisfied
D. Curious
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】中国有句俗话：不听老人言，吃亏在眼前。

本文客观评价了保持身体健康的" 老人言"的正确性。

（1）细节理解题。

由第三自然段的最后一句" Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars." 用谷物制成的粘性糖果比用单糖制成的糖果容易引起更多的问题。

故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

文章中本句意思是：即使科学能告诉我们那些" 老人言"是（能容水的）值得相信的，但" 老人言"中还有很多正确的东西，hold water在此处意思是：能装水的；值得相信的，站得住脚的。

故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据最后一段" there is still a lot of truth in the old wives' tales. After much of this knowledge has been accumulated （积累)from thousands of years of experience in family health care." " 老人言"仍然有许多真理，这些知识是从几千年的家庭保健经验中积累起来的。

它是基于多年的经验。

故选C。

（4）推理判断题。

根据文章第三、四自然段可知作者分析了他的可信性和不可信性，作者对于" 老人言"持客观态度，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

通读全文，把握文意；熟读第一段，了解主题句；分清段落结构，把握各段段意；了解题干，在原文依次找依据。

7．阅读理解
Debates over the benefits of recycling started in 1996 when a writer called John Tierney said "recycling is garbage". According to him, "Recycling programs offer mainly short-term benefits to a few related groups while diverting money from real social and environmental problems. It doubles energy consumption and pollution while costing taxpayers more money than dealing with old garbage. Recycling may be the most wasteful activity in modern America."
Environmental groups were quick to respond to Tierney by issuing reports detailing the benefits of recycling and showing how municipal (市政的) recycling programs reduce pollution and the use of resources while decreasing the amount of garbage and the need for landfill space — all for less, not more, than the cost of regular garbage collection and disposal(处置).
But in 2002, New York City, an early municipal recycling pioneer, found that its much-praised recycling program was losing money, so it eliminated glass and plastic recycling. According to the Mayor, the benefits of recycling plastic and glass were outweighed by the price—-recycling cost twice as much as disposal. Meanwhile, low demand for the materials meant that much of it was ending up in landfills anyway. NYC closed its last landfill and brought in a more efficient system, with more famous service providers than it had used previously.
The lessons learned by New York are applicable everywhere. Some early recycling programs waste resources and lead to new trash. But the situation has improved as cities have gained experience. If managed correctly, recycling programs should cost cities and taxpayers less than garbage disposal for any given amount of material. Even though the benefits of recycling over disposal are various, individuals should keep in mind that it better serves the environment to reduce and reuse materials before recycling even becomes an option.
（1）John Tierney thought that recycling ___________.
A.is a waste of money
B.leads to a lack of employers
C.is beneficial to the environment
D.will become popular in the future
（2）What's the meaning of the underlined word "eliminated" in Paragraph 3?
A.Required.
B.Forgot.
C.Encouraged.
D.Cancelled.
（3）What does the last paragraph imply?
A.We should make recycling an option.
B.Public recycling programs are in a bad situation.
C.We should develop the awareness of resource saving.
D.Cost-saving should be considered first in recycling work.
（4）What can be the best title for this passage?
A.The harm of recycling
B.Is recycling really beneficial?
C.The recycling work in New York City
D.Is environmental protection making progress?
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，自从1996年作家John Tierney说“回收是垃圾”时，关于垃圾回收的好处的讨论就没有停止过。

有人认为回收是现代美国最浪费的活动，而一些环境小组还详细列出了回收的好处，但是一些早期的回收项目也渐渐暴露出了问题。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Recycling may be the most wasteful activity in modern America.”回收可能是现代美国最浪费的一项活动，可知，他认为回收是浪费钱的。

故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“According to the Mayor, the benefits of recycling plastic and glass were outweighed by the price—-recycling cost twice as much as disposal.”根据市长所言，回收塑料和玻璃在价格方面超标了---回收的费用是处理费用的两倍，可推知，纽约取消了回收塑料和玻璃。

所以根据上下文的语境可以判断出，划线词的意思为“取消”。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Even though the benefits of recycling over disposal are various, individuals should keep in mind that it better serves the environment to reduce and reuse materials before recycling even becomes an option.”尽管回收比处理的好处有很多，大家应该记住，在回收成为一个选择之前，减少垃圾和反复利用物品对环境是更有利的。

，可推知，作者是想提醒大家要有资源节约的意识。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“Debates over the benefits of recycling started in 1996 when a writer called John Tierney said ‘recycling is garbage’.”自从1996年作家John Tierney说“回收是垃圾”时，关于垃圾回收的好处的讨论就开始了。

可知，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
Learning, Fast and Deep
Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.。