2021届高考英语二轮复习短文改错高频考点专题讲练 第1讲 词法错误学案

短文改错高频考点专题讲练第1讲词法错误
高频考点1、谓语动词
1.谓语动词时态：动词时态不一致，常考一般现在时，一般过去时和现在完成时。

(2020 1卷) I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook.
(2020 2卷) I start to learn Kongfu when I was seven years old, but I have long been out of practise.
2.谓语动词语态：语态有主动语态和被动语态，常考被动语态的句子缺了be或过去分词误用；不该用被动语态的的句子多了be.
(2016 1卷) Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cook.
(2015 1卷) Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become
a very serious problem.
3.并列动词形式是否一致。

(2017 3卷) About one month later after his photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school ans become a new member of the school music club.
(2015 2卷) A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.
4.情态动词的用法：情态动词后接动词原形却接了其它形式或情态动词的误用。

(2016 2卷) We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.
(2012 全国课标卷) My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more practice, I must make my toy last.
高频考点2、非谓语动词
1.谓语动词的使用条件：当没有连词的情况下，一个句子有且只能有一个谓语动词，谓语动词外的动词必须用非谓语动词。

(2019 1卷) All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
(2018 3卷) Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
2.作主语或宾语用动词-ing形式或to do 不定式；介词后作宾语用动词-ing 形式。

(2016 2卷) We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.
(2019 3卷) If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
3.to 的两种考法：下列情况要用省略to 的不定式结构作宾语补足语：make/let/have sb do sth；see/watch/notice/hear sb do sth (强调动作的全过程)；下列情况要用to do 不定式结构作宾语或宾补：want/decide/plan/would like to do sth等，want/need/allow/encourage/invite/inspire sb to do sth 等。

(2019 3卷) I want my cafe have a special theme such as “Tang Dynasty”.
(2018 2卷) As a kid, I love to watch cartoons, but no matter how many time I asked to watching them, my parents would not let me.
4.情感类现在分词形容词和过去分词形容词的区别：
(2019 1卷) I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. (2020 3卷) My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our family.
高频考点3、名词
1.可数名词单复数：应用单数用了复数；应用复数用了单数，解题关键看句意。

(2020 1卷) Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. (2020 2卷) Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.
2.不可数名词：不可数名词没有复数，前面一般不能用a/an修饰,抽象不可数名词的具体化除外。

(2017 2卷) Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. (2020 高三联考)I am looking forward to hearing a good news from you.
3.名词所有格：应该用名词所有格却没有用或不该用的却误用了名词所有格。

(2011 全国新课标) When I finally arrived at my friend he lend me lots of clothes. (2018 全国2卷) When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night.
高频考点4、冠词
1.a和an 误用：a/an泛指一个，a用于辅音音素开头名词前，如a university, a unique style; an用于元音因素的名词前,如an hour, an honest man, an important person等。

(2017 2卷) They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.
2.a/an和the误用：the表特指，一般译为这个或那个，也常考冠词a/an/the的固定搭配。

(2015 1卷) I miss my home in countryside.
(2013 1卷) In a fact, he even scared my classmates away.
3.零冠词：有些情况不用冠词，如季节、月份、星期、一日三餐、语言、学科、运动游戏名、by+交通方式、不可数名词或复数名词表泛指等。

(2014 2卷) There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom building. We often have a lunch in the dining room.
高频考点5、形容词、副词
1.形容词、副词的词性误用：形容词常修饰名词或代词作定语、在主系表结构中作表语来说明主语的情况也可在主谓宾宾补结构中作宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的情况；副词常修饰动词、形容词、另一个副词或整个句子作状语。

(2020 2卷) I am surely you will have a good time.
(2020 1卷) Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.
(2018 3卷) Immediate, I raised my hand.
2.形容词、副词的比较等级的误用：as+形容词/副词原级+as; much/even/far/a little/a bit/a lot+形容词副词比较级+than; the+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among 等。

(2020 2卷) Best of luck with your learning Kongfu in China. See you soon.
(2016 3卷) T hey were also the best and worse year in my life.
(2012 全国课标卷) I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.
3.常见的形容词、副词辨析: hard adv. 努力地；猛烈地/hardly adv. 几乎不；beside 介词在...旁边/besides adv. 此外；very much 非常/very well 好地；完全地；清楚地；deep 深地（具体）/deeply 深深地（抽象）等。

(2019 1卷) I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.
(2019 2 卷) One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.
(2013 1卷) I remember my grandfather very much.
(2017 2卷) Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.
高频考点6、介词
1.及物动词（vt.）后直接加宾语，无需跟介词；不及物动词（vi.）后需要加介词才能跟宾语。

(2020 2卷) I’m glad to know that you have come China to learn Kong fu in a school in my hometown.
(2017 2卷) They have also bought for some gardening tools.
2.this/that/last/next/every/each等修饰的时间短语单独作状语前面不加介词。

(2020 2) Then I can spare some time to learn it again, so that we can practice together on every day.
(2018 1卷) At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed.
3.介词搭配误用：
(2018 2卷) Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.
(2016 1卷) Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.
高频考点7、数词（低频）
1.基数词表数量；基数词表顺序表第几个。

(2017 2卷) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.
(2020 高三联考) About eighth years ago, I went to visit my grandfather during the summer holiday.
2.in one’s+“整十数基数词复数”表示在某人几时多岁时。

(2020 高三联考) Last Sunday, I met a foreigner in her fifty.。