下肢动脉旋切手术流程

下肢动脉旋切手术流程
英文回答：
The procedure for lower limb arterial bypass surgery, also known as femoropopliteal bypass surgery or lower extremity revascularization, involves several steps to restore blood flow to the lower limbs. This surgical intervention is typically performed to treat peripheral arterial disease (PAD) or critical limb ischemia (CLI) when conservative treatments have failed.
The first step in the surgical procedure is anesthesia. The patient is usually given general anesthesia, which means they are asleep and pain-free throughout the surgery. Once the anesthesia takes effect, the surgeon begins by making an incision in the lower limb to access the affected artery.
Next, the surgeon carefully identifies the blocked or narrowed artery that needs to be bypassed. They then create
an incision in the artery above and below the blockage to allow for the placement of a synthetic graft or a harvested vein graft. The choice of graft material depends on various factors such as the patient's overall health, availability of suitable veins, and the surgeon's preference.
After preparing the graft, the surgeon proceeds to perform the anastomosis, which involves connecting the
graft to the artery. This is typically done using sutures or staples to ensure a secure and durable connection. The surgeon may also use a temporary vascular shunt to maintain blood flow during the procedure.
Once the anastomosis is complete, the surgeon checks
for any leaks or bleeding and ensures that the graft is functioning properly. They then close the incisions made in the artery and the surrounding tissues using sutures or staples. The wound is then carefully cleaned and dressed to promote healing and prevent infection.
Finally, the patient is taken to the recovery room, where they are closely monitored for any complications or
signs of postoperative infections. They may need to stay in the hospital for a few days for further observation and to receive appropriate postoperative care.
中文回答：
下肢动脉旋切手术，也称为股浅动脉-腘动脉旋切手术或下肢血
管重建术，是一种恢复下肢血液流动的手术。

通常在保守治疗无效
的情况下，用于治疗外周动脉疾病（PAD）或临界肢体缺血（CLI）。

手术的第一步是麻醉。

通常会给患者全身麻醉，使其在整个手
术过程中处于睡眠和无痛状态。

麻醉生效后，外科医生开始在下肢
切口，以便进入受影响的动脉。

接下来，外科医生仔细辨认需要旋切的堵塞或狭窄动脉。

然后，在狭窄部位的上方和下方切开动脉，以便植入合成移植物或采集的
静脉移植物。

移植物材料的选择取决于患者的整体健康状况、适当
的静脉供应情况以及外科医生的个人偏好。

准备好移植物后，外科医生开始进行吻合手术，将移植物与动
脉连接起来。

通常使用缝合线或钉子来确保连接牢固和持久。

外科
医生还可以使用临时血管分流器，在手术过程中维持血液流动。

吻合手术完成后，外科医生检查是否有任何渗漏或出血，并确保移植物正常运行。

然后，他们使用缝合线或钉子关闭动脉和周围组织的切口。

切口会被仔细清洁和包扎，以促进愈合并防止感染。

最后，患者被送往恢复室，在那里密切监测是否有并发症或术后感染的迹象。

他们可能需要在医院停留几天，以接受进一步观察和适当的术后护理。