非谓语动词和主谓一致性

只能跟动词原形的结构
1.let/make sb do sth 使/让某人做某事
2.Y ou’d (had) better (not)do sth 你最好（别）做某事
3.情态动词（can.must.would…）+do
4.助动词（do. does. did）+do
ed to do sth 过去常常做某事
6.be able to do sth 能/会做某事
7.have to do sth 必须做某事
8.Please do sth请做某事
9.Please don’t do sth =Don’t do sth .please 请不要做某事
10.would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做某事也不愿意做某事
11.would rather do sth宁愿做某事
12.Why don’t you do sth ?=Why not do sth ?你为什么不做某事呢？
13.help sb(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
14.watch/see/hear sb do sth 看/听见某人做某事
15.Shall I /we do sth ?我们做某事好吗？
16.notice sb do sth 注意到某人做某事
17.will/would/can/could you please (not)do sth? 请你（不要）做某事好吗？
只能跟动词不定式的结构
1.be glad/happy/pleased/lucky/sorry/sad/able/ready/difficult to do sth（形容词后跟动词不定式）
2.It’s +adj+(for/of sb)to do sth 对某人来说做某事……
3.It’s time (for sb)to do sth =It’s time for sth 该做某事了(这样的名词：time/way/idea)
4.It’s better/best to do sth 最好做某事
5.It’s one’s duty to do sth 某人的责任是做某事
6.want (sb)to do sth 想要（某）人做某事
7.would like (sb)to do 想要（某人）做某事
8.decide to do sth 决定做某事=make a decision to do sth
9.agree/disagree to do sth (不)同意做某事
10.ask/tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人（不）要某事
11.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事=ask sb to do sth
12.sb needs to do sth 某人需要做某事
13.make plans to do sth 制定计划做某事
14.plan to do sth 打算（计划）做某事
15.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
16.offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
17.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
18.warn sb (not) to do sth 告诫某人（不要）做某事
19.hope/wish to do sth 期望做某事wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事
20.remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
21.wait for sb to do sth 等待某人做某事
22.pretend to do sth 假装做某事
23.afford to do sth 承担起做某事
24.can’t afford to do 负担不起……
25.expect to do sth 期望做某事
26.prefer to do sth 玩喜欢做某事
27.learn to do sth 学会做某事
28.fail to do sth 做某事失败
29.hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙做某事
30.have a chance to do sth 有机会做某事
31.adj/adv ＋enough to do sth ……足够……做某事
32.ask .choose.decide. forget. know .learn. see.show.teach.tell.understand.find out+特殊疑问句（why除外）+to do sth
33.teach sb(how)to do sth 教某人（如何）做某事
34.It’s takes/took sb some time to do sth 某物花了某人多长时间
35.the chance to do sth 做某事的契机
36.the best way to do sth = the way of doing sth 做某事的方法
37.try/do one’s best to do sth 尽力做某事
38.take care(not)to do sth 小心（不要）做某事
ed to do sth 过去常常做某事
40.be used to do sth 被用来做某事
41.be made to do sth 被迫去做某事
42.be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
43.be/get ready to do sth 准备做某事
44.be careful to do sth小心做某事
45.be willing to do sth 乐意做某事
46.be eager to do sth期望做某事
47.be sure to do sth 一定要做某事
48.be afraid to do sth 不敢去做某事
49.be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶
50.sb find/think/feek+it+adj+to do sth 某人发现/认为/觉得做某事怎么样
51.so as to do sth =in order to do sth 为了做某事
既可以跟动词ing 形式又可以跟动词不定式的结构
try to do sth 尽量（尽力）做某事
try doing sth 试着（尝试）做某事
remember to do sth 记得去做某事（未做）
remember doing sth 记得过去曾经做过某事（已做）
forget to do sth 忘记去做某事（未做）
forget doing sth忘记曾经做过某事（已做）
stop to do sth 停下来去做某事（两件事）
stop doing sth 停止手中正在做的事（一件事）
例如：Try not to be late next time.尽量下次不要迟到了。

Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the room.
当你们离开教室时，记得去把所有的灯关掉。

She stops to listen to the teacher.停下来去听老师讲。

We stopped talking when the teacher came in.当老师进来时，同学们停止了说话。

只能跟V-ing
enjoy(欣赏)mind(介意). finish(完成). practise（训练）.keep(保持.继续). miss(错过.想念). suggest/advise(建议).avoid(避免）). imagine(想象).escape(逃脱).allow/permit(允许).admit(承认). appreciate(感激，欣赏). delay(推迟). dislike(不喜欢，厌恶). consider(考虑). forgive(宽恕). resist(抵抗，抵制). risk(冒险). deny(拒绝，否认).forbid(禁止) 等。

prefer A to B 在A和B 中更喜欢A，be used to(习惯于). be busy(忙于).look forward to(期盼).can't help/stand(忍不住).give up(放弃).be worthy (值得).no use /good(没好处无意义).feel like (想要).还有介词之后等。

1．They told us ________ any further，there was danger ahead．(2008)
A．not go B．can’t go C．not to go D．didn’t go
2．She won’t let her daughter by the river.(2009)
A. play
B. plays
C. to play
D. playing
3．When we came to the gate. he stopped _______ me go in first. (2010)
A. to let
B. to tell
C. to allow
D. to ask
4．Woolen clothes are used for warm. (2011)
A. kept
B. keep
C. to keep
D. keeping
5．The policeman told the boys in the street. (2011)
A. don't to play
B. not play
C. not to play
D. don't play
6．---Why did you get up so early?(2012)
--- the first bus.
A. Catch
B. Catching
C. To catch
D. Caught
7．Don’t make me this or that when I am busy.(2013)
A. do
B. done
C. to do
D.doing
8．--- Don’t forget the door when you leave.(2014)
---No. I won’t.
A. lock
B. locking
C. locked
D.to lock
主谓一致性
所谓“主谓一致性”，是指谓语动词在人称和数上和主语保持的一致，即谓语与主语所保持的相应单复数。

(一). 如果主语是不可数名词.动名词.不定式或从句的时候，谓语动词用单数.
Smoking is not a good habit.
To live happily needs a lot of things.
What I said is true.
(二). 如果由and连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候.用单数动词. The singer and songwriter is dead.
The science and technology plays an important part in China.
Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients.
“War and Peace”is the best book I have ever read.
如果由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each. every. many a/an. no的时候用单数名词. Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.
Each minute and second is valuable to us.
(三). 主语是单数. 后面跟有with. along with. together with.besides. as well as. but. except. no less than.rather than. more than. like. including. 的时候，谓语动词和前面的保持一致。

Jack with his family wants to go to China.
He. as well as you. is very honest.
No one but I is a student.
Her brother. together with his wife and children. was killed in the accident. T
he father. rather than the brothers. is responsible.
No one except us/but we knows it. 只有我们知道这事。

The factory. including its machines. was burnt last night.
昨晚上这工厂及里边的机器全被烧掉了。

(四) . 由some. any. no. every构成的复合代词(sb.sth---)和each. either. neither. one. the other. another. little. a little. much. no one. nothing做主语的时候.谓语动词用单数.
Each of you is cleverer than me.
Neither student has passed the exam.
Is anybody here?
(五). both. few. a few. several. many以及others做主语的时候，永远用复数动词. Several friends were invited to the party.
Both books are sold out.
(六). all. none. any. some. more和most要是修饰单数名词.谓语动词用单数; 若是修饰复数名词.就用复数动词.
Most of the apple is bad.
Most of the apples are bad.
None of this money is yours.
None of the people here are teachers.
(七).由either…or，neither…nor，not only…but also，not…but，or连接两个主语，谓语动词和离它最近的主语保持一致。

如：
Either he or you have to tell the truth.
Either the girl or the boy is from Canada.不是那女孩就是男孩来自加拿大。

Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.
Not only the basketball players but also the coach was very nervous.
Not only he but also I am good at English．我们俩英语都不错。

Y ou or he is to take part in the competition. 你或她要参加比赛。

Y ou or he is wrong.
(八) . 若主语的复数名词表示的是”一段时间”. “一笔钱”. “一段距离”. “一个数量”. “一个面积”的时候用单数谓语动词.
Two weeks is to enough for me to finish it.
Five thousand dollars is too much.
Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.
(九). people(人民). police. 等常用复数动词. 有一些集体名词.如果表示的是整体就用单数动词. 如果表示的是其中的个体就用复数谓语动词.这样的词常见的有family. class. audience. public. team等等.
His family are all singers.
His family is very large.
(十) 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词与先行词一致。

Those who want to go please sign their names here.
(十一)，一些名词只有复数形式，如clothes. scissors. trousers. shoes 等，作主语时谓语用复数形式
但是成双的东西前面有a pair of 要用单数。

This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor. (十二)，如果主语由“a kind of ( a series of ) 构成，谓语一般用单数形式。

This kind of men is dangerous.
如果是多种，谓语动词要用复数。

There are many kinds of apples.
(十三)，书名，剧名，报纸名，国名的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

The united states is a capitalist country.
“The Arabian Nights”is a very interesting story-book.
(十四)，The ＋形容词表示一类人作主语，谓语动词多用复数形式。

如：
The old are taken good care of in China.在中国. 老人受到很好照顾。

某些集体名词如police. cattle. people（人）.与clothes. shorts. trousers. goods. scissors等词一样，只用作复数。

如：
The police are searching for the murderer. 警察正在缉拿凶手。

The cattle are eating grass. 牛在吃草。

All his goods were lost.他所有的货物都丢了。

（十五）who. what. which. all. more. most some. any. none. half. the rest. the remainder等作主语要看各自的情况。

(十六)，one and a half 加复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。

One and a half bananas is left on the table.
由there或here引起的句子，谓语通常与邻近的主语一致。

如：
There is a pencil box and several books in my school bag.我书包里有一个文具盒和好几本书。

Here are some envelopes and writing paper for you.这儿有你的信封信纸。

由a lot. plenty. some. most. half. all. the rest，the majority以及（百）分数等＋of短语出现在主语中，谓语与of后面的名词单复数保持一致。

试比较：
All of us are very tired.我们大家都累了。

All of the milk has been sold out.所有的牛奶都卖完了。

Half of the apple is rotten. /Half of the apples are rotten.（半个）半数苹果都烂了。

The rest of the problems are very easy. /The rest of the problem is very easy.其余的问题很简单。

The majority of people(=Most people) are in favor of the plan.多数人同意这个计划。

The majority of the milk(=Most of the milk) has gone bad.多数牛奶都坏了。

Two-thirds of the homework has been corrected.三分之二的作业已经批改。

Two-thirds of the exercises have been corrected.三分之二的练习已经批改。

70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.地球表面的70％被水覆盖。

1．Mr Green with his wife ________ sitting there when I came in．(2008)
A．is B．was C．are D．were
2．The woman behind the girls a famous actress.(2009)
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
3．--- Have you got some water to drink?(2010)
--- Here you are. There _______ still some in the bottle.
A. are
B. has
C. is
D. have
4．All my classmates. except Wu Lin. interested in singing English songs. (2011)
A. is
B. are
C. am
D. be
5．Apples of this kind . (2012)
A. tastes good
B. tastes well
C. taste good
D. taste well
6．The old taken good care of in our country.(2014)
A. is
B. has
C. are
D. have
1. About 60 percent of the students _____ from the south. the rest of them _____ from the north and foreign countries. A. are/is B. are/are C. is/are D. are
2. Half of the workers here _____ under 30 _____.
A. is/years
B. are/year old
C. is/years old
D. are/years of age
3. Now Tom with his classmates _____ football on the playground.
A. play
B. are playing
C. plays
D. is playing
4. The number of pages in this dictionary _____ about two thousand.
A. are
B. has
C. have
D. is
5. Thirty dollars _____ too expensive. A. are B. is C. were D. be
6. The audience _____ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. has
9. Nothing but one desk and six chairs _____ in the room.
A. are
B. is stayed
C. is
D. are left
10. Either of you _____ going there tonight. A. will B. was C. is D. are
11. Y ou as well _____ right. A. I are B. I am C. as I am D. as I are
12. All but Dick _____ in Class Three this term. A. are B. is C. were D. was
13. -Shall I wait here for three hours?
-Y es. Three hours _____ to wait for such a doctor.
A. are not very long for you
B. is not long enough for you
C. was not long enough for you
D. will be too long for you
14. Every student and every teacher _____.
A. are going to attend the meeting
B. have attended the meeting
C. has attended the meeting
D. is attended the meeting
15. Three fourths of the bread _____ by Bob. and the rest of the bread _____ left on the table.
A. was eaten/were
B. were eaten/was
C. were eaten/were
D. was eaten/was
16. This pair of shoes _____. A. is her B. is hers C. are hers D. are her
十、倒装句：谓语的一部分或者全部放在主语之前的句子称为倒装句。

1、there be句型以及以here、there 开头的句子。

如：
There are a lot of children in the show room. (在展览室里有许多的小孩。

)
Here comes the bus. (公交车来了。

)
There goes the bell. (铃响了。

)
The door opened and in came Mr Lee. (门开了.李先生走了进来。

)
2、用“So / Nor / Neither + 助动词+ 主语”倒装结构表示第二个人物的情况与上文的人物情况相同。

如：
Tom went to the beach last week. and. so did I. (Tom上个星期去了海滩.我也是。

)
Li Mei’s bought nothing from the shop. Neither has Jim.
(李梅没有在店里买什么.Jim也没有买。

)
2、在疑问句中.通常使用在主语之前安放助动词的倒装方法.对主语提问除外。

如：
How did he find the lost book? (他是怎么样找到丢失的书的？)
Where are they going to spend the summer vacation? (他们打算到哪儿过暑假？)
3、感叹句中通常将被感叹的部分前移.而将句子的主谓语整体后置。

如：
What a beautiful flower (it is)! (那是多漂亮的花！)。