新编-面向对象系统分析与设计-精品课件

系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
◆ What makes systems analysis and design such a difficult human endeavor?
3. Analysis problems are dynamic. No business is standing still. Change!
A automated information system is an information system that incorporates the use of computer hardware and software as part of the system.
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
1. Define a system, information system, and automated information system.
2. Define the basic components and the basic characteristics of an automated information system.
systems requirements specifications.
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
10. Define and describe the information systems life cycle.
11. Define and describe the information system development life cycle.
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
2. Concept of System Analysis and Design
◆ What is a system? A system is a set of interrelated components, working together for a common purpose. There are two types of systems: natural and fabricated.
3. Define system analysis and design and discuss why it is a difficult human endeavor.
4. Describe the skills and activities of a system analyst.
系统分析与设计概论
4. The solutions to analysis problems require interdisciplinary knowledge and skills, hence, the need for a team approach to IS development. Emphasis on the partnership concept between the user community and the IS developers.
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
System Model with Six Components:
boundary
system
processing
inputs
controls
feedback
outputs
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
◆ What makes systems analysis and design such a difficult human endeavor?
2. The solutions systems analysts come up with to solve the problems are artificial, and since they are designed by humans with different backgrounds, experiences, biases, and so on, there exists an endless variety of potential solutions. That means that there is no single correct solution to a problem. Many needs and Many solutions.
◆ What is an inmation system is a type of fabricated system that is used by one or more persons to help accomplish a task or assignment.
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
◆ What is an information system?
data
people
procedures
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
◆ What is an automated information system?
7. Discuss what a system analyst does. 8. Discuss systems analysis and design projects
and where they come from. 9. Discuss the need for creating information
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
◆ Actors of systems analysis and design?
System Analyst; System Engineer; Programmer; Architect;
系统 分析 与设 计过
程
系统 分析 与设 计过
◆ What is an automated information system?
data
people
software
procedures
hardware
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
◆ What are the basic characteristics of an information system?
The basic characteristics that exist within an information system are data, functions, and behavior, as illustrated in the following figure.
Data
Functions
Behavior
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
◆ What are the basic characteristics of an information system?
Data: input, stored, or output Function: business activity performed Behavior: the observable effects of a request
12. Discuss the principles used to guide system analysis and design.
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
• Development Process
• ◆ Systems planning • ◆ Systems analysis • ◆ System design • ◆ Systems implementation • ◆ Systems evolution
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
◆ What makes systems analysis and design such a difficult human endeavor?
5. The knowledge base of the systems analysis is continually evolving. As the apprentice systems analyst progresses through the junior, associate, and senior systems analyst ranks over time, he or she continues to learn more about business problem domains as well as improving his or her analytical skills and software development tool and technique skills.
主要内容
1、系统分析与设计概论 2、面向对象概念与术语 3、面向对象分析与设计 4、面向对象编程 5、UML面向对象设计基础 6、UML面向对象开发
第一章 系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
Chapter Objectives(You should be able to)
(System Analysis and Design)
5. Describe a general model of the analysis, design, and implementation process.
6. Discuss systems analysis and design as a career.
程
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
◆ What makes systems analysis and design such a difficult human endeavor?
Seven reasons: 1. Analysis problems, at their inception, have ill-defined boundaries and structure(users are not certain of what they want), and have a sufficient degree of uncertainty about the nature of the solution.
系统分析与设计概论
(System Analysis and Design)
◆ What is systems analysis and design?
System analysis and design is about developing software, but it is more about developing a complete automated information system, which includes hardware, software, people, procedures, and data. These five components exist in virtually all automated information systems, although the amount of each will vary with respect to the specific system being developed. All of these components must be considered and addressed during system analysis and design.