2020届重庆市酉阳县第二中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析

2020届重庆市酉阳县第二中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解
析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
If you had the opportunity to live forever, would you take it? Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility, but some scientists think that digital technology may have the answer: creating a digital copy of your “self” and keeping it “alive” online long after your physical body has ceased to function.
In effect, the proposal is to clone a person electronically. Unlike the familiar physical clones — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are completely separate organisms with a separate life — your electronic clone would believe itself to be you. How might this be possible? The first step would be to mapthe brain.
How? One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — one of the kings of artificial intelligence — predicts that within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream. Inthe capillaries (毛细血管) of the brain, they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral (大脑的) electronic activity. They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside a special helmet, so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.
As a further step, Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet, similar to what was shown in the film “Matrix”. With the nano transmitters in place, by thought alone, you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen, they would play inside your mind. Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.
Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death. But why wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots (纳米机器人) and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?
One snag: to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company. These companies want real money in real bank accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else. With your body six feet underground how will you pay?
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.
B. Electronic clones recreate the original human body.
C. Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.
D. Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.
2. What is the author’s attitude towards electronic clones?
A. Optimistic and careful.
B. Interested and unconvinced.
C. Excited and confused.
D. Assured and critical.
3. The author asks “how will you pay?” at the end of the article, because ________.
A. you can’t pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically dead
B. you can’t pay for hard disc space if you don’t have a bank account
C. you can’t pay for a special service if too many people want to use it
D.you can’t pay the web-hosting company if you don’t have a neural network
B
Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? How annoying! However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.
Scientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the excess energy from food as fat. These people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day. Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off” the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems.
To show that this is true, scientists have experimented on laboratory mice. They gave the mice a special diet with a lot of fat. Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic (基因的) factors. They also believe they have now identified the genes that may cause this tendency. These genes, according to the scientists, get passed down the generations. Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines thatcan target the genes and stop people from gaining weight.
The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the numbers of people who are overweight continues to grow. In theUnited States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious side effects, such
as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and thoroughly test new drugs. Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. This will not only help people avoid becoming overweight, but also help them stay healthy and energetic.
4. According to the scientists, some people ________.
A. are able to stay thin because of genetic factors
B. can eat what they want and stay healthy forever
C. usually keep doing exercise to lose their weight
D. don’t eat anything every day but still put on weight
5. Some people don’t need to worry about weight problems because ________.
A. they eat many vegetables
B. they eat less than others
C. they don’t store any energy from food as fat
D. they can burn off the extra food without making fat
6. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Fewer people will have weight problems in the future.
B. People with weight problems may suffer from heart trouble.
C. We now have good medicine for people with weight problems.
D. The result of the experiments on mice and humans are different.
7. What does the last paragraph imply?
A. Current medicine solve weight problems well.
B. We should exercise regularly and eat properly.
C. Taking exercise every day may cause heart problems.
D. Testing new drugs is hard because of the side effects.
C
We have most friends at the age of 26 afterhaving spent the first quarter of our lives building up our friendship circle, new research has claimed.
The research into friendship shows that our social circle peaks at 26 years and 7 months, at which we typically have five close friends. Women are most popular at 25 years and 10 months, with men hitting the highest friendship point a little later at 27 years and 3 months.
The research, by Forever Friends, shows that about a third of adults meet their closest friends while at school, with about a fifth saying they meet them at work.
Social networks such as Facebook and Twitter now also play a major role in building new friendship. The research points out that 25 to 34-year-olds make 22 friends via Facebook, compared to 18 to 24-year-olds who make 12, and 35 to 44-year-olds who make just four.
Forever Friends' relationship coach Sam Owen says, “It is no coincidence that over a third of us meet our best friends at school. It is a key time in our lives when friendship is growing through sharing notes, giving gifts, seeing each other regularly and laughing a lot. As adults we can often forget how powerful these small things are and how the little things can make a difference."
Later in life we find ourselves losing friends. Over half of us lose friendship through moving, while 36% say that over time they grow apart from close pals. Having children also causes 19% todrift away fromchildhood friends.
With growing pressure being put on friendship these days, it's important to make time for our friendship.
8. How many friends can a 20-year-old college student make via Facebook?
A. 22.
B. 18.
C. 12.
D. 4.
9. In Paragraph 5, the author is trying to tell the readers ________.
A. how important making friends is
B. school time is an important period to develop friendship
C. how much has been done to keep friendship
D. that friendship is not easy to keep
10. The underlined phrase "drift away from" in Paragraph 6 means ________.
A. make sense of
B. make up with
C. feel sorry for
D. lose touch with
11. This passage is mostprobably taken from ________.
A. a newspaper
B. an advertisement
C. a textbook
D. Facebook or Twitter
D
The Gata used to look annoyed when they received power bills that routinely topped $200. Last September the couple moved into a 1,500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens, an area of 95 “zero-energy homes” (ZEH)
just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three-bedroom house: $75. For the past two months, they haven’t paid a cent.
ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions (住宅开发项目) in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low power appliances and solar panels.
Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of traditional homes. But inside, special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and keeping indoor warmth winter.
The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units. They don't just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility's power grid(电网). The residents are billed by “net metering”: they pay for the amount of power that they get from the grid, minus the kilowatts(千瓦) they feed into it. If a home generates more power than it uses, the bill is zero.
That sounds like a bad deal for the power company, but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times," says solar expert Mike Keesee. “That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time.”
What’s not to like? Mostly the costs. The special features can add $25,000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down, especially in California, but in many states ZEHs can be extremely expensive. For the consumer, it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the power bill.
12. Why is the Gata eager to see their electricity bills now?
A. They want to cut down their utility' expenses.
B. They want to know if they are able to pay.
C. They want to see how much they have saved.
D. They want to avoid being overcharged.
13. What is special about the ZEH communities?
A. They are built in harmony with the environment.
B. They have created cutting edge technologies.
C. They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.
D. They aim to be independent in power supply.
14. What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company?
A. More pressure at peak time
B. Reduced operational costs.
C. Increased electricity output.
D. Less profits in the short term.
15. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community __________.
A. is a worthy investment in the long run
B. is but a dream for average consumers
C. gives the owner great tax benefits
D. contributes toenvironmental protection
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项How fit are your teeth? Are you lazy about brushing them? Never fear: An inventor is on the case. An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush,____16____.
The Kolibree toothbrush was exhibited at the International Consumer Electronics Show inLas Vegasthis week. It senses how it is moved and can send the information to an Android phone or iPhone via a Bluetooth wireless connection.
The toothbrush will be able to teach you to brush right（Don’t forget the insides of the teeth!）and make sure you’re brushing long enough. “____17____.” says Thomas Serval, the French inventor.
___18___, so developers could, for instance, create a game controlled by your toothbrush. You could score points for beating monsters among your teeth. “We try to make it smart but also fun,” Serval says.
Serval says he was inspired by his experience as a father. He would come home from work and his children told him that they had brushed their teeth. He was pleased with their behavior,____19____. He decided he needed a brush that really told him how well his children brushed.
The company says the Kolibree will go on sale this summer, for $99 to $ 199, depending on features. TheU. S.is the first target market.
Serval says that one day, it’ll be possible to replace the brush on the handle with a brushing unit that also has a camera.____20____.
A. thus awarding them more toothbrushes
B. only to find their toothbrush heads dry
C. The camera can also check more tooth problems
D. It can even shoot holes in your teeth while you brush
E. and it lets you track your performance on your phone
F. The toothbrush will also be able to talk to other applications on your phone
G. It’s kind of like having a dentist actually watch yourbrushing on a day-to-day basis
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I was in deep thought. The year drew to a___21___. What would I accomplish in the next?
I looked up at the___22___in the distance. They were white now. Not long ago, they were brown. In the time I’ve lived inIdaho, I’ve had the opportunity to watch the___23___of seasons make their changes on those mountains I am never___24___of seeing.
My first___25___of them came in September. The sides of the mountains were painted green with the leaves.
Near the top were pines. The days moved on. The weather___26___. The leaves browned. The mountain changed.
Fall___27___to winter. I stood and watched the top of the mountains turn a blinding white. I’m not a skier, but I imagined the excitement of___28___down the side of those mountains—free, fast, and___29___.
Winter turned to____30____. The snow in the valley____31____. The weeks passed, the green in the valley flowed____32____up the slopes like a reversed waterfall. The mountains were as I first saw them, green and leafy.
On this New Year’s Eve, the mountains are white again. I saw so many changes, but were they changes? The mountains are never changing. Like people, they only changed____33____to fit the weather. They didn’t allow outside influences to____34____what lie beneath their coats of changing color1 s. They were always the same.
I’m in my third season of life. A little snow has____35____at my peak. My clothing changed to____36____my seasons. Next year and all my years to follow, I want to be as constant as a mountain. Although my looks change, I want to be____37____. My body will change coats many times, but when my day is done, I want people to say, “No matter what the seasons of life____38____, he never changed inside. He never____39____the pressures of the seasons or the weathers of life to change what he was underneath. He was a____40____mountain you could rely on.”
21. A. close B. change C. practice D. agreement
22. A. ruins B. remains C. trees D. mountains
23. A. variety B. order C. stress D. cycle
24. A. tired B. informed C. accused D. convinced
25. A. sight B. intention C. scenery D. desire
26. A. wanned B. cooled C. improved D. continued
27. A. contributed B. gave way C. subscribed D. gave in
28. A. throwing B. slipping C. climbing D. battling
29. A. frustrated B. motivated C. panicked D. thrilled
30. A. spring B. summer C. fall D. winter
31. A. multiplied B. disappeared C. stayed D. thickened
32. A. steadily B. immediately C. gradually D. casually
33. A. rules B. color1 s C. coats D. measures
34. A. uncover B. change C. expose D. remove
35. A. melted B. slimmed C. gathered D. frozen
36. A. instruct B. confirm C. fit D. fight
37. A. inspiring B. reliable C. challenging D. brave
38. A. fetched B. took C. presented D. rewarded
39. A. requested B. expected C. meant D. allowed
40. A. naturally B. consequently C. definitely D. instantly
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Betty Ford was born in 1918 in Chicago. Her family moved to Michigan___41.___she was young. Betty did everything___42.___(careful)and enjoyed music best. After high school, she went to school____43.____(learn)more about dancing. Later on, she met a famous____44.____(dance), Martha Graham. She joined Graham's troupe(表演团)in New York. After five years, Betty moved back to Machigan____45.____started a dancing group there. She taught dancing to children with disabilities. Betty met Gerald Ford in 1947. They got____46.____(marry)the next year. Gerald chose to work for Congress(国会)after____47.____(wed). Betty took care___48.___their children. A short time___49.___(late), Nixon gave up his position of the president. As a result, Gerald Ford____50.____(elect)president and Betty became the First Lady.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last week, a group of international student visited our school. To help them better understanding Chinese tea culture, we took them to the tea room, where I introduced tea culture, including its history, its rich variety, or the craftsmanship of making tea.
Then I showed them how to make tea. I slowly explain the traditional procedures of making tea in detail. Absorb in every move of mine, they were both amazed. They couldn't help to taking pictures from time to time. Next came the moment which I asked them to have try themselves. I was filled with proud to spread our own culture to people all over the world.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，最近你的美国朋友John在与父母相处的过程中遇到一些困惑，沟通出现问题。

他心情不佳，来信寻求你的帮助。

请根据以下要点给他写一封信：
1.安慰John；
2.提出建议；
3.恰当的结尾。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. D
6. B
7. B
8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
16. E 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. C
21. A 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32.
A 33. C 34.
B 35.
C 36. C 37. B 38. C 39.
D 40. C
41. when
42. carefully
43. to learn
44. dancer 45. and
46. married
47. wedding
48. of 49. later
50. was elected
51.(1).student→students
(2).understanding→understand
(3).or→and
(4).explain→explained
(5).Absorb→Absorbed
(6).both→all
(7).删除to
(8).which→when
(9).have后添加a
(10).proud→pride
52.略。