北师大版必修一 Lesson 2 Special Occasions课时作业 (1)

Unit 3 Celebrations Lesson 2 Special Occasions课时作业
第一节、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A
He Zehui, a Chinese nuclear physicist, accomplished great things in physics and became an outstanding scientist.
Her family is famous for producing three famous women scientists, including her two sisters. She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics, and then went on to study at the Technical University of Berlin, where she was the top in her class, outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang — China's "father of the atomic bomb”. In 1940, she earned a Ph. D. in Engineering.
The couple made great discoveries in the field of uranium fission （铀核裂变），which drew global attention and earned them worldwide reputations, also marking a milestone in the development of China's experimental fission physics. Many Western media called the couple the “Marie Curie and Pierre Curie of China”・As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and technology in China, Professor He contributed a great deal to nuclear physics. During the 1950s, she started the research and development of nuclear emulsions（核乳胶）in China and their research reached the advanced world level at that time. He and her research group took the lead in building China's first nuclear reactor and accelerator. She was awarded the first Award of the National Prize of Natural Sciences for making outstanding achievements in supporting the national program of nuclear weapon development.
Throughout her career, He conquered many obstacles, and was always on the front lines of China's science-related work. She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on personal fame. The world's top physicists recognized He as a famous scientist, “ Chinese Madame Curie”.
He passed away in Beijing in 2011 at the age of 97, nearly 20 years after Qian Sanqiang. She dedicated herself to science, living a simple life, always nurturing young researchers and maintaining the highest standards that she had always valued.
She loved her country and science; to both she is now an icon.
1. What is the focus of paragraph 2 about He Zehui?
A. Identity background.
B. Character personalities.
C. Education experiences.
D. Profession competence.
2. What do we know about Qian Sanqiang?
A. He died following his wife in 1991.
B. He won the National Prize of Natural Sciences.
C. He assisted He Zehui to develop fission physics.
D. He is also a remarkable Chinese scientist.
3. Why is He Zehui acknowledged as "The Chinese Marie Curie”？
A. For her great contributions to nuclear physics.
B. For her accomplishment in the atomic bomb.
C. For her continuous achievement in natural science.
D. For her research of nuclear emulsions.
4. How can we fittingly describe He Zehui?
A. Ambitious, talented, conservative and determined.
B. Unselfish, patriotic, indifferent to fame and devoted to science.
C. Aggressive, imaginative, strong in mind and kind in heart.
D. Knowledgeable, awesome, creative and sociable.
【参考答案】CBDA
B
While many of us may have been away somewhere nice last summer, few would say that we’ve “summered.” “Summer” is clearly a noun, more precisely, a verbed noun.
Way back in our childhood, we all learned the difference between a noun and a verb. With such a tidy definition, it was easy to spot the difference. Not so in adulthood, where we are expected to “foot” bills, “chair” committees, and “dialogue” with political opponents. Chances are you didn’t feel uncomfortable about the sight of those verbed nouns.
“The verbing of nouns is as old as the English language” says Patricia O’Conner,
a former editor at The New York Times Book Review. Experts estimate that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nouns. And the phenomenon seems to be snowballing. Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns.
Even though conversion (转化) is quite universal, plenty of grammarians object to the practice. William Strunk Jr. and E.B.White, in The Elements of Style — the Bible for the use of American English —have this to say: “Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs. Not all are bad, but all are suspect.” The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, advising writers to use verbs with great care.
“Sometimes people object to a new verb because they resist what is unfamiliar to them,” says O’Conner. That’s why we’re comfortable “hosting” a party, but we might feel upset by the thought of “medaling” in sports. So are there any rules for verbing? Benjamin Dreyer, copy chief at Random House, doesn’t offer a rul e, but suggests that people think twice about “verbifying” a noun if it’s easily replaceable by an already existing popular verb. Make sure it’s descriptive but not silly-sounding, he says.
In the end, however, style is subjective. Easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English grammar for centuries; it is one of the processes that make English “English.” Not every coinage (新创的词语) passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing altogether, forget it.
5. What can we learn about the verbing of nouns?
A. It hasn’t recently been opposed by many grammarians.
B It is more commonly accepted by children than adults.
C. It hasn’t been a rare phenomenon in the past century.
D. It is easily replaced by existing verbs in practice
6. What is most leading experts’ attitude towards the practice of the verbing of nouns?
A. Cautious.
B. Satisfied.
C. Disappointed.
D. Unconcerned.
7. What does the author think of ending the verbing of nouns?
A. Predictable.
B. Practicable.
C. Approaching.
D. Impossible.
8. What is the best title for the text?
A. Are 40 Percent of all new verbs from nouns？
B. Are Summering and Medaling Annoying?
C. Are You Comfortable about a New Verb?
D. Are There Any Rules for Verbing?
【参考答案】CABD
第二节、七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

A Sea of Plastic
Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. 1 Yet, the island was covered in plastic waste. They calculated there were 38 million pieces of plastic, weighing almost 18 tons, with thousands of new pieces washing up each day. “No country has a free pass —we found plastic from everywhere,” said one scie ntist.
Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about, but only now are we discovering the true extent（程度）of the problem. Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose（降解）, so all the plastic ever produced still exists somewhere. 2 The pr oblem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”. 3 Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. The problem has spread too far to ignore. The plastic on Henderso n Island accounts for just 2 seconds’ worth of global annual plastic production. That production will be more than three times by 2050. 4 However, there are some young people working to clean up and protect the sea for future generations. Previously the problem was considered too big to solve; collecting the plastic with boats and nets would be expensive, would harm sea life, and would take thousands of years! But, they started The Ocean Cleanup project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific. 5 They hope to reduce the polluted area by 50% in just five years.
A. This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss.
B. Then there will be the same weight of plastic in the sea as fish.
C. Some steps have been taken by some countries to solve the problem.
D. Around 95% of plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea.
E. Many problems today are side effects of things people didn’t think about before.
F. Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled.
G. It is one of the most remote places on the earth and previously untouched by
humans.
【参考答案】GDABF
第三节、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many cities have interesting nicknames (绰号,别名). Nicknames can help establish the identity of a city. They can also spread 1(proud) among its citizens.
New Orleans, Louisiana2(probable) has more nicknames than any other American city. One website lists more than twenty nicknames. The most famous is The Big Easy (大快活).
So how did the city get this nickname? In the early nineteen hundreds, there was a dance hall in New Orleans3(call) The Big Easy. But the nickname did not become famous4the early nineteen seventies. That was5 a Louisiana newspaper writer began calling New Orleans by this name. She compared the easy-going way of life there to the6(hurry) pace of life in New York City.
New Orleans has other nicknames. One of them is The Crescent City (新月城).During the nineteenth century, new neighborhoods expanded out from what is now known as the French Quarter (区).These areas followed the great curve (弯曲处) of the Mississippi River,7(give) New Orleans the shape of a crescent.
Another nickname is the Birthplace of Jazz because that kind of music8 (start) in New Orleans. It is also named Mardi Gras City (狂欢之都) for the wild9 (celebrate) and parades. And, there is also a nickname that uses the short way to write
New Orleans and Louisiana. If you do not want to use the complete name, you can call10city NOLA.
【参考答案】
1.pride
2.probably
3.called
4.until
5.when
6.hurried
7.giving
8.started
9.celebrations10.the。