高中英语阅读理解高频考点专项练习题(历年高频考点真题) (1259) output

一、阅读理解
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了如何成为一个有组织的人，需要制定计划并列出所有的步骤，确保有备用方案，遵守计划并在制定的时间内完成。

同时，不要试图一次做太多事情，也不要半途而废。

最后，文章强调了组织的重要性。

1. 阅读填空
I used to be the messiest person alive. Over the years, through watching others and by trial and error, I have finally found ways to come up with
plans, organize them and follow through with them.
Make an outline of everything you need to have and do to make your plan happen. Make a list of all of the steps that need to be accomplished and think about what needs to be done.
Detail everything thoroughly and read over it so you can start coming up with some mental solutions of how to carry out your plans.
Y ou should ensure that if for some reason way one doesn't work, you have way two and way three to lean back on. Therefore, different ways are needed at hand. It's just a matter of being organized. Chances are that there is always more than one way of doing things, and chances are that if one of those ways doesn't work,one of the others will.
Committing yourself to finishing at least part ifnot all of your plan at once is also necessary. It will show that you not only have initiative to get things rolling, but that you are interested in the results obtained with making the move to get everything done.
If you make a commitment to finish before aspecific time, make sure that you carry that out, and be sure to do everything in the way you said you would, within the time-frame you set for yourself.
Don't try to tackle (处理) more things all at atime. All that does is delay your progress, distract youand make you lose your interest, motivation andenergy.
Carrying out an effective plan requires being as organized as possible. Y ou will only achieve this by sticking to the order of the plan and not deviating ortrying to do more at a time.
Last but not the least, you should never abandon things mid-project. It will only annoy everyonearound you including yourself. Unfinished plans are awaste of time, energy and, in some cases，evenmoney.
So,don't be afraid of organization. The older weget,the more necessary it becomes to have the skills to follow through with confidence and to be able tocarry through plans in an organized and manageable way. It pays to be organized, after all.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。

本文介绍了科学家们对“第六感知方向”的研究，尝试通过不断尝试和解决问题逐渐接近答案。

文章提出了动物是否具有内置指南针的想法，并通过对迁徙鸟类和归巢鸽等的实验以及对细菌磁性的研究，探讨了动物是否能够感知地球磁场并准确地找到方向。

最终，科学家们发现在鸟类、鱼类甚至蜜蜂体内均发现了含有磁性物质的细胞，进一步证实了动物具有内置指南针的可能性。

2. 请认真阅读下列短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

每个空格只填1个单词。

For more than twenty years scientists have been seeking to understand the mystery of the “sixth sense” of direction. By trying out ideas and solving problems one by one, they are now getting closer to one answer.
One funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass(指南针).
Our earth itself is a big magnet(磁体). So a little magnetic needle that swings freely lines itself with the big earth magnet to point north and south. When people discovered that idea about a thousand years ago and invented the compass, it allowed sailors to navigate (航海)on ocean voyages, even under cloudy skies.
Actually the idea of the living compass came just from observing animals in nature.
Many birds migrate twice a year between their summer homes and winter homes. Some of them fly for thousands of kilometers and mostly at night. Experiments have shown that some birds can recognize star patterns. But they can keep on course even under cloudy skies. How can they do that?
A common bird that does not migrate but is great at finding its way home is the homing pigeon. Not all pigeons can find their way home. Those that can are very good at it, and they have been widely studied.
One interesting experiment was to attach little magnets to the birds’ heads to block their magnetic sense—just as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call to dinner. On sunny days, that did not fool the pigeons. Evidently they can use the sun to tell which way they are going. But on cloudy days, the pigeons with magnets could not find their way. It was as if the magnets had blocked their magnetic sense.
Similar experiments with the same kind of results were done with honeybees. These insects also seem to have a special sense of direction.
In spite of the experiments, the idea of an animal compass seemed pretty extraordinary. How would an animal get the magnetic stuff for a compass.
An answer came from an unexpected source. A scientist was studying bacteria that live in the mud of ponds and marshes. He found accidentally little rod-like bacteria that all swam together in one direction—north.
Further study showed that each little bacterium had a chain of dense particles inside, which proved magnetic. The bacteria had made themselves into little magnets that could line up with the earth’s magnet.
The big news was that a living thing, even a simple bacterium, can make magnetite. That led to a search to see whether animals might have it. By using a special instrument called magnetometer, scientists were able to find magnetite in bees and birds, and even in fish. In each animal, except for the bee, the magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brain.
Thus, the idea of a built—in animal compass began to seem reasonable.
3. 请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

每个空格只填一个单词。

T he Art of Chinese Calligraphy
Chinese calligraphy is the world’s most favorable form of art. When 1 was a preschooler, I was briefly taught by my grandfather to write Chinese calligraphy. Even though everything has gradually been only a blur (模糊) in my memory over the years, one thing I certainly have not lost is that I can still grip the ink brush correctly.
Imagine that someone obtains such a cherished occasion to sit down and spend a little unaccompanied time of quietness, allowing one's intellect to think freely and express out in a written script their deepest thoughts.
A piece of Xuan paper is first carefully placed on top of a desk pad. Then, use a paper- weight to hold down the Xuan paper, so it will be always locked in the right spot. Next without any hesitation, reach for the best ink brush. Do remember to immerse (浸润) the brush with just enough ink so there won't be any ink dripping. Then start to write. While the mind unfolds, the brush sheer per stokes of Chinese character into the rhythmic motion of expressions,
In history, Chinese calligraphers have always written the script as a common way for message transmission during various audience engagements of contributors. It also makes for better cultural understanding of a different period of Chinese history. Chinese calligraphers have a variety of reasons to study the art form. For some people. practicing writing the regular script will keep the traditional culture alive. Others think it a perfect way to relax from all the daily happenings. There's still an uncountable new form of script style that has kept the art going in a way to promote the fine art of Chinese culture in our present day.
Nowadays, Chinese calligraphers strongly believe there's more than just written communication. Countless existing works display Chinese literature. They understand what it meant to become an accomplished Chinese calligrapher. It takes many years of strictly copying from the master's correct written stokes, to gain the skill in the regular script until exemplary, perfect and beyond expert level. One requirement is to know the wring structures of several Chinese script styles.
The new approach to script writing is gaining ground, especially in western countries. Inspiring Chinese calligraphers who are willing to perfect the craft tend to create new ideas to re- present the visible images. The contemporary bending of color hypothesis sets a brand-new standard for Chinese calligraphers. That makes every sort of collective portrait of Chinese characters into a well- presented masterwork of applied arts.
As much exceptional quality of diverse formed of masterpiece appears overtime. It's a reminder that in all classes of society we must pass our heritage down to the next generation so our ancestors are more than merely just a portion of history. Instead, it is never to be forgot- ten as an integral part of the culture. “A soul is essential for a country and a nation, " Chinese President Xi Jinping said. “Professionals in the sectors of culture, art, philosophy and social sciences are important soul builders.”
二、阅读理解
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲述了青少年“年龄隔离模式”，青少年与同龄人在一起的时间比与年幼的孩子或成人在一起的时间要多得多。

4. Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.
This pattern of age segregation (隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent to 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.
Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents’daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)
1. “This pattern of age segregation” refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from
2. Besides changes in the workplace, what are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture?
3. When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?
4. How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。

文章就怎样才能成为一个自信的时间旅行者，穿越到过去或未来提出建议。

5. 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

请在答题卡指定区域作答。

The term “nostalgia” was first coined in 1688 and was defined as a mental illness of soldiers continually thinking about their homeland and longing for return. However, today we have a much more positive attitude to nostalgia. It’s a great example of the benefits of a strong memory.
In numerous scientific experiments, researchers have found that subjects are much more likely to report positive feelings from a given piece of music if they’ve heard it before. But there’s also a growing body of research into time travel “the other way”, because memory skills can take people into the future, too. Decades of studies have shown that time travel into the future can bring a whole new set of rewards. For example, athletes who practice by mentally visualizing and imagining successful performances in the future do perform better.
All these findings are inspiring and attractive. How could you become a confident time traveler to the past or into the future? Here are some tips for you:
·To take pleasure in helpful memories, maybe to reawaken happy feelings, use all your senses—not just sight. Smell, taste, touch and sound will also help you to recreate the past in rich clarity.
·If you find a memory that’s particularly helpful—for reassurance, say—keep using it!
You’ll get faster at finding it, and add extra layers of detail each time.
·When you’re procrastinating (拖延), visualize an end result. Flash forward to see the floor swept or the essay finished, and use that positive image to drive you into action.
·Ahead of major challenges, imagine the full impact of success. Don’t just picture yourself getting that great job: fill your mind with the really big ways it’s going to change your life.
There’ll still be times when old thoughts remind you of sadness, or you’re anxious about what’s next. But the more you learn to control your memory, the better you’ll be at mining your past, and shaping your future, to be your best self now.
1. What did nostalgia originally mean?
___________________________________________
2. What have the researchers found about time travel?
___________________________________________
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
➢Memory skills can bring us into the future, so we should imagine a negative end result to drive us into action when procrastinating.
___________________________________________
4. Describe one of the helpful time-travel experiences in your life. (In about 40 words)
___________________________________________
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。

作者的邻居Josie是一个积极的、充满热情的人，喜欢散步，善于烹饪，园艺技术高超，乐于分享和沟通，一次中风后Josie再也无法完全恢复了，但是她依旧抱有热情，乐观地对待生活，作者从她身上学到了很多。

6. 阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。

My neighbor Josie was a good cook and college professor. We have been good friends for many years. Each early morning, Josie would invite me to join her in walking and she would make breakfast for me as a reward!
Josie planted a lovely garden. Every flower and vegetable made its debut (首秀) once a year. There were so many kinds that I could not even recognize what was growing, and we had the freshest salads in the neighborhood all summer long!
Each evening, Josie and I would sit in front of the garden. We would have a chat, exchanging our world views as well as funny jokes. However, one evening, Josie was a “no-show”. Then I heard the ambulance and saw her husband and children running outside. Josie suffered a stroke (中风).
Later, when I set eyes on her, she was in a wheelchair, covered in a thick blanket. She looked smaller and older than before. But how she chose to face it made me surprised. During the days when Josie had some strength, her husband wheeled her into the living room, and they watched old movies together. She called it “date time”. And during the most special days when Josie was doing well, her husband took her for a walk outside in her wheelchair. She called it “going on vacation”. Despite the fact that Josie was not expected to make a full recovery, they continued to watch movies and took lots of mini-vacations.
She is grateful for listening to her grandchildren telling stories to her, smelling a summer barbecue, sharing a laugh with her favorite neighbor, and being here for another day. I am thankful for her simple life lesson: Find the positive, and you will find your reason to live.
1. What was Josie like before she suffered a stroke? (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
2. How was Josie’s skill in gardening? (no more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
3. How can we understand the underlined part in Paragraph 3? (no more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
4. What made the author surprised after Josie suffered the stroke? (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
5. How does Josie’s story inspire you? Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。

文章介绍了Diarra Boubacar在中国学习中医以及救治病人的过程经历。

7. 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Dressed in a white gown with pens in his pocket, 53-year-old Diarra Boubacar was welcomed by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in the Xindu district of Chengdu, Sichuan, as a specially invited expert.
Boubacar grew up in a small town in south-central Mali, a country in West Africa, which finds it challenging to provide affordable healthcare to
its 19 million people.
Boubacar first came to China in 1984 on a student exchange program majoring in Chinese language and culture at Beijing Language and Culture University. After the two-year course, he decided to study traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) at Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine.
Since TCM is also related to Chinese history and culture, students have to study ancient Chinese literature as most of the medical texts were written in ancient Chinese characters. “That’s a subject even the Chinese find difficult; so think of me, a foreigner!” he said.
What inspired him to continue were the similarities between TCM and traditional African medicine, such as using certain herbs to treat the same diseases and letting out blood.
However, the greatest challenge for him was to convince people that even though he was a foreigner, he could still treat them effectively with TCM.
In 1997, he became the first foreigner to receive a doctoral (博士的) degree in acupuncture (针灸) from Chengdu University of TCM.
Besides his work in a private hospital, Boubacar has also been helping patients in remote villages in Sichuan and Y unnan provinces. A major part of his work was treating leprosy (麻风病) patients.
Due to his work in the community, Boubacar is also known as the “African Norman
Bethune”. Bethune was a Canadian frontline doctor who ran mobile hospitals in north China in the 1930s.
“I want to build not only a hospital but also an educational center where people can come and learn about Chinese medicine,” he said. After 10 years, his dream is becoming a reality.
“If they learn TCM, they will be able to treat people in Africa in a very cheap and effective way,” said Boubacar.
1. What was Boubacar’s hometown in Mali like? (no more than 10 words)
2. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? (no more than 10 words)
3. What made Boubacar continue his study of TCM? (no more than 10 words)
4. Why does Boubacar want African people to learn TCM? (no more than 8 words)
5. What do you think of Boubacar’s work in China? And give your reasons. (no more than 20 words)
三、阅读理解
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了通过节食和锻炼减肥需要注意的方面。

8. Losing weight is tough for most people, it requires a change in diet, a change in exercise habits, and a change in attitude. Here’s how you can
achieve all the three.
1 .
If you’re overweight and want to change that, the first step is deciding what your target weight is. Write down your goal and set a date by which you want to achieve that goal.
2 .
Making major behavior changes isn’t something that happens overnight. So start with 1-2 things per week and work up from there. Keep eating 5 servings of vegetables a day, exercise 2 days a week for the first week, and then add a little more each week.
3 .
Now it’s time to start working towards that goal. The best way to stick with your diet and exercise rules is to track it. There are plenty of apps that allow you to do this. Or you can do it in an old way and keep a written food and exercise journal. Find what works for you and write down what you’ve achieved every day.
Evaluate and adjust.
Every month you should take a look at your goal and see what type of progress you’ve made towards achieving it. If you’re not where you want to be, make small adjustments. Try doing different exercises or cutting back on certain types of foods that you may be eating too much of. What steps are you going to take to stick with your diet? Find what just works for you and stick with it.
A. Start small.
B. Set healthy goals.
C. Start with your own attitude.
D. Track your diet and exercise.
9. Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.
1. The causes of eating disorders are not clear. There may be genetic or biochemical factors in some cases. There may be psychological problems from early childhood or the present (such as school or family conflicts) that trigger the problem. Often, there is the double pressure to enjoy life through food and yet remain ultra-slim. Society all around us encourages eating and drinking as main ways to enjoy life- To be popular, you are supposed to eat. eat, eat
2. But in real life most people, if they keep consuming like that, just keep pulling on more and more weight They then find themselves in conflict with another dominant pressure in society — to stay slim and trim. Models in ads, even those shown earing fairy foods, are usually physically lit and quite thin. All of these pressures put teens in a terrible situation. The ".solution" that some teens choose is to deny themselves all the time so as to keep temptation away. Bui soon, hunger and food boredom lead to overeating. Over time they develop anorexia or bulirnia.
3. Once an earing disorder has become firmly established, there is no easy cure. Someone who's never suffered anorexia and never known an anorexic might be tempted to think. "It's simple — jusi tell them to eat more!" Unfortunately, it's not thai simple. Even when anorexics have been brought into the hospital and are receiving physical care, nutritional therapy, and psychiatric care, many don't improve much.
4. Our society's obsession with thinness, together with a constant emphasis on the theme that rich food means pleasure, puts many teens in a difficult situation. Being drawn to overeating on the one hand and self-denial on the other can bring about anorexia or bulimia — or both. Anorexics seem to feel that no matter how much weight they lose, they are still too fat Therefore, it is important for each person in our society to try to maintain a healthy and realistic self-image. Don't compare yourself wiih the models and actors in the media Set your sights more realistically by comparing yourself with family and friends, if anyone.
5. Self-denial is the typical first step toward an caring disorder. Eventually, desires for what you've denied yourself become unbearable, and you react with eiiher a binge or overly fierce self-control. The answer is not of course. 10 eai all the snacks and trcais you fancy. But 10 avoid that first step that leads to overeating, strive for a good and healthy diet Such a diet is based primarily on grain products, fruits, and vegetables, with moderate amounts of meat and dairy products and with small amounts of snacks and desserts. Research demonstrates that mis kind of diet leaves you more alert and energetic.
文章大意：这是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了几种帮助快速放松的方法。

10. Nowadays, many people find it difficult to slow down. Fast-paced lifestyles make it hard for many people to really relax. Some people try to find nice places for relaxation. But in fact, you don’t have to do that. The following may help you relax in a quick and easy way.
1
The ability of relaxation depends more on your thinking than your situation. The next time when you suffer from worry, think about the situation. What is the problem? What is the cause? Most importantly, what can you do about it? Make an “action plan” or a “to-do list” to help you feel less worried.
2
Even the busiest people arrange short periods of relaxation in their timetable. They do so because they know it’s necessary. The time you spend relaxing is an important period. A 10-minute break in the middle of a long workday can help you a lot. Y ou can find an activity, such as exercise, a shower or watching a favorite TV show, to make yourself come to life.
3
Unluckily, not being able to relax causes some people to lose their most important rest—sleep. If that happens to you, write everything in your mind in your diary before going to bed. Write down both problems and possible solutions. This can help you release thoughts that might prevent you from getting necessary sleep.
Finally, accept your disadvantages. You can’t do everything perfectly, but you can get the rest and relaxation you need to do many things better
A. A habit of relaxing
B. Better thinking
C. Not thinking too much
D. Restful sleep
四、阅读理解
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。

本文主要讲述了Susan与她的雪橇狗参加艾迪塔罗德狗拉雪橇比赛及艾迪塔罗德狗拉雪橇比赛的由来。

11. It was the last time Susan Butcher ran the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race in 1992. An hour into the race, Susan and her sled dog team sped down a
hill and crashed into a fallen tree. Although hurt, Susan continued the difficult race.
The Iditarod Race started in 1925 when a doctor in Nome, Alaska was desperately in need of medicine to stop the spread of a deadly disease. Only a hospital had what he needed, but it was 700 mile-away! In January, it was too dangerous to send a boat and too stormy for his tiny airplane. The only hope was to use several sled dog teams following a trail, called the Iditarod Trail. They passed the medicine from one sled team to another. Wind and snow did not stop the men and their dogs. The medicine was delivered in record time. The race follows the route of the famous medicine run. Over 1,000 miles long, it is considered the toughest race in the world.
Susan Butcher was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In her teens Susan was given a Siberian husky dog and became very interested in huskies as sled dogs. After reading about the Iditarod Race, Susan moved to Alaska. She got several jobs to earn money to buy herself a sled and a team of huskies. After years of hard work and training, Susan achieved her dream of racing on the Iditarod Trail.
In 1978, at the age of 24, Susan entered the race for the first time and became the first woman to finish in the top 20. In 1982 she came in second. In 1984 she was leading her team across a frozen waterway when they fell into the water. Her lead dog managed to pull Susan and the other dogs out of danger. Remarkably, she came in second.
In her fourth race, in 1985,a starving moose(驼鹿) attacked her dogs, killing two and injuring eleven. Susan had to leave the race. In 1986 Susan joined the race again. This time, she won. She won again in 1987. In 1988 she became the first person ever to win three Iditarod races in a row. Unbelievably, Susan won for the fourth time in 1990.
1. According to text, Susan Butcher entered the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race at least times.
A．six B．seven C．eight D．nine
2. In Paragraph 2, the author wants to tell us .
A．how the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race began
B．how the spread of a deadly disease was stopped
C．how tough the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race was
D．how Susan Butcher began to show interest in the race
3. In the year , Susan Butcher won three races in a row.
A．1984, 1985 and 1986B．1985, 1987 and 1988
C．1986, 1987 and 1988D．1987, 1988 and 1990
4. What led to some of Susan Butcher’s failures?
A．Snowstorm.B．Lack of food.
C．Accidents.D．Lack of experience.
文章大意：本文为一篇说明文。

主要介绍了皮肤被割破，处理伤口时的各环节注意事项。

12. When You Get a Cut …
Y our skin’s most important job is to keep out the billions of harmful bacteria that swarm over every surface. Any wound that penetrates the dermis (真皮) layer and causes bleeding will allow bacteria to get in, so we have evolved a precisely coordinated mechanism to seal up the gap as quickly as possible. The healing process uses extra collagen (胶原) protein for the repair, so the new skin is actually stronger than before. This shows as a visible scar.。