笔译说翻译复习资料
笔译期末复习资料 英文版本
笔译期末复习资料Unit 4 conversion转换法1.I have no intension of wearying you with this matter。
2.It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal.3.The two leaders had a serious and frank exchange of views on Sino-U.S。
relations and world affairs.4.The basilica is a conglomeration of contrary styles and periods。
5.In the exchange of cultures throughout the world, the study of foreignlanguages is a must。
6.The thought of him always fills me with strength。
(adverbial clause of time)7.Urgent business prevented me from calling on you.8.A day’s exploration convinced him that this was not the spot。
9.A wet day brings out colorful light mackintoshes.Unit5 addition 增补法1.It is a part, and a very important part, of the air defense of our country.2.Since gaining our independence, we have made every effort to overcome theservitude of our past。
笔译期末复习资料
笔译期末复习资料Unit 4 conversion转换法1.I have no intension of wearying you with this matter. 2.It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal. 3.The The two two two leaders leaders leaders had had had a a a serious serious serious and and and frank frank frank exchange exchange exchange of of of views views views on on on Sino-U.S. Sino-U.S. relations and world affairs. 4.The basilica is a conglomeration of contrary styles and periods. 5.In In the the the exchange exchange exchange of of of cultures cultures cultures throughout throughout throughout the the the world, world, world, the the the study study study of of of foreign foreign languages is a must. 6.The thought of him always fills me with strength. (adverbial clause of time) 7.Urgent business prevented me from calling on you. 8.A day’s exploration convinced him that this was not the spot.9.A wet day brings out colorful light mackintoshes. Unit 5 addition增补法1.It is a part, and a very important part, of the air defense of our country. 2.Since gaining our independence, we have made every effort to overcome the servitude of our past. 3.The frequency, wavelength, and speed of sound are closely related. 4.The chief effects of electric currents are the magnetic, heating and chemical effects. 5. This This report report report summed summed summed up up up the the the new new new achievements achievements achievements made made made in in in electron electron electron tubes, tubes, semiconductors and components. 6. The spirit of peaceful coexistence must embody the idea that states cannot be left to struggle on single-handed. 7. Theory is something, but practice is everything. 8. The whole square was alive with singing and rejoicing. 9. He has in his vision the totality of every world problem, political, economic, human human……10. I t’s a bit fishy that she should have given away a villa like that.Unit 6 Omission省略法 1. Water passes from a liquid to solid state when it freezes. 2. You should keep calm even when you are in danger. 3. She covered her face with her hands as if to protect her eyes. 4. Turning on his face, he rested his chin on his hands. 5. Never get on or off the bus before it comes to a standstill. 6. Practically all substances expand when heated and contract when cooled. 7. As she turned the corner she had a new idea which made her stop dead. 8. It is ten to one that we will over-fulfil our production quota. 9. From 4℃ on down, water will decreasein density and increase in volume as it gets colder. 10. T here are a number of peculiarities about the surface features of the earth. 11. H e went out and shut the door gently behind him. unit 7 repetition 重复法2. 2. The The The use use use of of of atomic atomic atomic weapons weapons weapons is is is a a a clear clear clear violation violation violation of of of international international international law, law, in particular of the Geneva Convention; 3. Aerostatics is the study of how an object is supported in the air by buoyancy, that is, its ability to float in the air as a boat floats on water. 1. Despite his versatility of talent and shiftiness of purpose, this man has in his whole lifetime been wedded to the most fossilized routine. ; 2. 2. The The The solid solid solid friendship friendship friendship between between between our our our two two two countries countries countries took took took shape shape shape during during during our our protected struggles against colonialism, hegemonism, and outmoded relationships. 5. 5. Reading Reading Reading exerci exerci exercises ses ses one’s one’s one’s eyes; eyes; eyes; speaking, speaking, speaking, one’s one’s one’s tongue; tongue; tongue; while while while writing, writing, writing, one’s one’s mind.; 6. 6. Thales Thales Thales thought thought thought water water water was was was the the the beginning beginning beginning of of of everything; everything; everything; Anaximenes, Anaximenes, Anaximenes, air; air; Heraclitus, fire. 1. Radar is a newly developed technique by which people can see things beyond the visibility of them. ; 3. 3. W e W e have have have advocated advocated advocated the the the principle principle principle of of of peaceful peaceful peaceful co-existence, co-existence, co-existence, which which which is is is now now growing more and more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa. 19. He walked down the line shaking hands with each other and mumbling a few words that were inaudible.; 21. Walking up and down the empty room, he stopped here and there to touch or look. unit 8 Inversion 倒置法12. S he had such a kindly, smiling, tender, gentle, generous heart of her own.; 13. S he was an intelligent, attractive and somewhat temperamental daughter of a well-to-do doctor in Haddington. 14. T hen one can see the oval face of a handsome young woman with deep darkeyes and l ong long heavy clinging tresses. tresses. 15. B ernard Shaw was a well-known English playwright, who wrote many plays .; 16. A ir is a mixture of gases, of which oxygen forms 21 percent by volume.17. J ohn, who was sick yesterday , did not come to class.; 18. I n n a a a dispute dispute dispute between between between two two two states states with which one is friendly , , try try try not not not to to to get get involved.; 19. W e e maintain that no peace situation is permanent maintain that no peace situation is permanent which does not take into account the legitimate wishes of the majority of the people of any country.20. S he was s o so worried that she could hardly eat her supper.; 21. N ow that I think of it , we were wrong in turning down her proposal. unit 9 Negation 反译法22. S he did not l eave the letter here on purpose for you to read.; leave the letter here on purpose for you to read.; 23. Y ou cannot politely turn down the invitation to the conference. 24. U nder no circumstances would we give up our principles. would we give up our principles. 25. H e was grown into quite another creature from what he was.; 26. O ur work is still a long way from perfection.; perfection.; 27. I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man. 28. A ll of the atoms of an element do not have exactly the same mass.; 29. E verything is not good, but equally everything is not bad. 30. I t is not to be denied that no sacrifice is too great to avert a catastrophe. to avert a catastrophe. 31. W hen I think of all the waste, words fail me. unit 10 Division拆译法 1. They relentlessly tear at the flowers they see. 2. I shall be glad of your company on the journey. 3. 3. The The The time time time could could could have have have been been been more more more profitably profitably profitably spent spent spent in in in making making making a a a detailed detailed investigation. (= if the time had been spent in making a detailed investigation, it could have been more profitable.) 4. They tried vainly to blame us for the break down in the truce talks. 5. Any comment on it should appropriately come from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 6. 6. Statistically Statistically Statistically significant significant significant correlation correlation correlation exists exists exists between between between vitamin vitamin vitamin deficiency deficiency deficiency and and disease. 7. 7. His His His article article article is is is a a a well-written well-written well-written composition composition composition with with with good good good organization organization organization and and and fine fine style. 8. In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colours. 9. The difficulty of attainment increases the value of the object. 10. 10. Electronic Electronic Electronic computers, computers, computers, which which which have have have many many many advantages, advantages, advantages, cannot cannot cannot do do do creative creative work and replace man. 11. Food which is kept too long decays because it is attacked by yeasts, moulds and bacteria. 12. There is an emergency exit in the roof of the car through which passengers can escape. unit 11 Condensation 缩译法1. 1. When When When we we we praise praise praise the the the Chinese Chinese Chinese leadership leadership leadership and and and the the the people, people, people, we we we are are are not not not merely merely being polite. 2. Before the night was far advanced, they began to move against the enemy. 3. The chances are that the new machine will arrive tomorrow. 4. 4. The The The imitation, imitation, imitation, or or or make-believe, make-believe, make-believe, of of of life life life which which which poetry poetry poetry offers offers offers constitutes constitutes constitutes an an ordered whole. 5. One “Take this” is better than two “I’ll give you”.unit 12 Translation of Passive Voice 被动式译法1. Gases are frequently regarded as compressible, liquids as incompressible. 2. Many elements in nature are found to be mixtures of different isotopes. unit 13 Translation of Long Sentences 长句译法1. From the standpoint of the developing countries, the next decade should see a a greatly greatly greatly accelerated accelerated accelerated program program program for for for scien fic scien fic scien fic and and and technological technological technological co-opera on, co-opera on, aimed at wide-spread dissemina on of technology for mee ng the basic needs of man, such as nutri on, shelter, communica ons, health and sanita on. 2. The tendency of a body to continue in motion is clear to one who observes that that an an an automobile automobile automobile or or or a a a train train train moves moves moves for for for some some some distance distance distance even even even when when when brakes brakes brakes are are used to check this motion. 3. 3. There There There is is is no no no more more more difference, difference, difference, but but but there there there is is is just just just the the the same same same kind kind kind of of of difference, difference, between between the the the mental mental mental operations operations operations of of of a a a man man man of of of science science science and and and those those those of of of an an an ordinary ordinary person as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher who who weighs weighs weighs out out out his his his goods goods goods in in in common common common scales scales scales and and and the the the operations operations operations of of of a a a chemist chemist who who performs performs performs a a a difficult difficult difficult and and and complex complex complex analysis analysis analysis by by by means means means of of of his his his balance balance balance and and finely graduated weights. 。
口译笔译学习经验英语翻译资格考试英译汉技巧 备考资料
口译笔译学习经历英语翻译资格考试英译汉技巧备考资料一、词义的选择和引伸技巧英汉两种语言都有一词多类和一词多义的现象，1、根据词在句中的词类来选择和确定词义They are as like as two peas .他们相似极了。
(形容词)He likes mathematics more than physics .他喜欢数学甚于喜欢物理。
(动词)Wheat, oat, and the like are cereals .小麦、燕麦等等皆系谷类。
(名词)2、根据上下文联系以及词在句中的搭配关系来选择和确定词义。
He is the last man to e .他是最后来的。
He is the last person for such a job .他最不配干这个工作。
He should be the last man to blame.怎么也不该怪他。
This is the last place where I expected to meet you .我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你，词义引伸是我们英译汉时常用的技巧之一。
翻译时，有时会遇到某些词在英语辞典上找不到适当的词义，如果任意硬套或逐词死译，就会使译文生硬晦涩，不能确切表达原意，甚至会造成误解。
这时就应根据上下文和逻辑关系，从该词的根本含义出发，进一步加以引伸，引伸时，往往可以从三个方面来加以考虑。
1、词义转译。
当我们遇到一些无法直译或不宜直译的词或词组时，应根据上下文和逻辑关系，引伸转译。
The energy of the sun es to the earth mainly as light and heat .太阳能主要以光和热的形式传到地球。
2、词义详细化。
根据汉语的表达习惯，把原文中某些词义较笼统的词引伸为词义较详细的词。
The last stage went higher and took the Apollo into orbit round the earth.最后一级火箭升得更高，把“阿波罗号”送进围绕地球运行的轨道。
笔译说翻译复习资料
笔译说翻译复习资料01A（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料原文：要以经济体制改革为重点，区别情况，分类推进，抓好牵一发而动全身的举措，力求取得实质性进展，更多释放改革红利。
在全国实施工商登记制度改革，落实认缴登记制，由先证后照改为先照后证，由企业年检制度改为年报公示制度，让市场主体不断迸发新的活力。
（118 字）译文：We will focus on economic structural reform, advance it on different fronts in a targeted wayin light of different conditions, take key measures that will have an overall impact, strive to make substantive progress and reap more benefits from reform.We will reform the business registration system nationwide and carry out registration of subscribed capital. Issuing an operating permit before a license, which was the practice in the past, will be replaced with the practice of license first, operating permit second. Annual inspections of businesses will be replaced by annual reporting to incentivize market actors.0 1B（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料原文：坚持放管并重，建立纵横联动协同管理机制，实现责任和权力同步下放、放活和监管同步到位。
英语二级笔译复习资料
英语二级笔译复习资料英语二级笔译是公共英语考试（PETS）中的一个重要项目，也是许多职业翻译人员必须面对的挑战。
对于考生来说，成功地通过英语二级笔译考试不仅需要扎实的英语基础，还需要充分准备和复习。
以下是一些关于英语二级笔译复习资料的建议：一、阅读材料阅读是英语学习的重要组成部分，它不仅可以帮助我们增长词汇量，提高语法水平，还能让我们更好地理解各种文化和社会现象。
因此，在准备英语二级笔译考试时，我们需要仔细阅读各种英语材料，尤其是新闻报道、科技文章和学术论文等。
这些文章通常包含各种专业术语和短语，可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用各种英语表达方式。
二、词汇和短语词汇和短语是英语二级笔译考试中必不可少的部分，它们非常重要，因为它们可以提高我们的阅读和写作能力。
为了更好地准备考试，我们可以使用一些词汇和短语书籍，比如《牛津高级英语词汇》、《朗文当代高级词典》和《柯林斯英语词典》，这些书籍通常包含丰富的英语表达工具和例句，可以帮助我们掌握各种英语写作技巧和表达方式。
三、听力和口语材料听力和口语材料也是准备英语二级笔译考试的重要组成部分。
通过听力和口语的实践练习，我们可以更好地理解和运用各种英语表达方式。
去听一些英语电台节目、英语播客和学术论坛，可以提高我们的听力水平和跟读能力。
同时，我们还可以参加英语口语培训班，和其他翻译人员一起练习口语表达和讨论翻译问题，以提高我们的口语和交际能力。
四、模拟考试模拟考试对于准备复习英语二级笔译考试也非常重要。
通过模拟考试，我们可以更好地了解考试形式和习惯，查漏补缺，及时调整我们的备考计划。
在参加模拟考试前，我们需要准备一些模拟考试资料，其中包括历年的英语二级笔译真题和模拟试卷。
这些试题可以帮助我们更好地了解考试形式和出题模式，为我们的考试做好准备。
最后，准备英语二级笔译考试需要时间和耐心。
我们需要不断学习和练习，巩固自己的英语基础，掌握各种英语表达方式，提高自己的阅读和写作能力。
笔译参考资料(1)
直译与意译●直译所谓直译（literal translation），就是在译入语语法能力所允许的范围内，尽可能贴近原文内容与形式的翻译方法。
一般说来，如果译文能够以与原文相同的形式再现与原文相同的内容，就可以采用直译的方法。
译例评析【1】Whether or not vegetarianism should be advocated for adults, it is definitely unstisfactory for growing children.译文：无论在成人当中是否应该提倡素食习惯，但这却绝对不能满足正在成长发育的孩子们的需要。
【2】But I hated Sakamoto, and I had a feeling he’d surely lead us both to our ancestors.译文：但是我恨坂本，并预感到他肯定会领着咱们去见祖先。
【3】Hitler was armed to the teethwhen he launched the Second World War, but ina few years, he was completely defeated.译文：希特勒在发动第二次世界大战时是武装到牙齿的，可是不过几年，就被彻底击败了。
注：有人认为直译就是逐字翻译（word-for-word translation），这实质上是一种误会。
逐字译是一种严格遵循原文措辞的翻译方法，翻译时以词为单位进行考虑，力求译文中的每个词都与原文相对应。
例如下面杜甫《登高》诗的英译为例：风急天高猿啸哀Wind keen sky high apes scream mourning渚清沙白鸟飞回Islet pure sand white birds fly revolving无边落木萧萧下Without limit falling trees bleakly shed不尽长江滚滚来No exhaustble long river rolling-rolling come万里悲秋常作客Myriad-li melancholy autumn constantly be traveler百年多病独登台Hundred-years much sickness alone ascend terrace艰难困苦繁双鬓Difficulties bitter-regrets proliferate frosty temples潦倒新停浊酒杯Despondent newly stop muddy wine cups总之，我们切不可把直译理解为逐字译。
笔译参考资料
1. What is translation?Translation is a bridge which connects people speaking different languages in the process of exchanging ideas. It makes it possible for different people speaking different languages to communicate with each other through the representation of the original language. Translation is to convey the information of one language (the source language ) in another language (target/receptor language) so that readers can get the information that the original author expresses and also have the same understanding as the original readers.2. What is the nature of translation?1 subject of curriculumtranslation is a science, just as any subject is , with its own rules, laws and principles for the translators to abide by.2 some specific pieces of translationit is like an art, with each piece manifesting its own charms and style in the creative hands of the translator;3 a processa craft or skill. because the process of translation has its peculiarity, and none of its rules and principles are universally applicable. Besides it entails a lot of practice---particular craftsmanship and skills which are displayed by touches of different translators.3. How many categories do you think translation can be divided into, and what are they?In terms of languages ,it can be divided into two categories:☐native languages (source languages)☐foreign languages (source/target languages)In terms of mode:☐oral interpretation☐written translation☐machine translationIn terms of materials to be translated, there are the followings:☐a) translation of scientific materials☐b) translation of literary works: such as novels, stories, prose, poetry, drama, etc.☐C) translation of political essays: such as treatises on social problems, reports, speeches, etc.☐d) translation of practical writing: such as official documents, contracts and agreements, notices, receipts, etc.In terms of disposal:☐full-text translation (全文翻译),☐abridged translation (摘译), or☐adapted translation (编译).4．Which is easier, translating or speaking and writing? Why?5. What are the characteristics of translation?人云亦云不容更改先理解，后动笔克服原语的干扰Examples:☐white lie☐white elephant☐electric pole☐utility pole☐yellow press☐美人计☐步行街7What is the translation theory?Translation theory refers to the study of the internal inherent laws of translation, the finding of the problems often met with in translating and the solutions to them. (It also helps people to understand the laws and solve different kinds of problems in their translation.)8.What are the translation techniques?The translation techniques refer to the experience that people have accumulated in their long-time translating work, which include diction (选词用句), amplification (增词), omission, repetition, conversion, restructuring (重组), negation (正说反译, 反说正译), division(长句拆译), etc.11 What is the relationship between translation theory and translation techniques?In the point view of Eugene A. Nida, the famous American translator, “translation practice without an adequate theroy produces only haphazard results, while theroy without practice is completely sterile” (Nide, 1969). (缺少理论指导的翻译是随意的翻译, 离开实践的理论是毫无根据用处的理论。
笔译期末复习资料 英文版本
笔译期末复习资料Unit 4 conversion转换法1.I have no intension of wearying you with this matter.2.It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal.3.The two leaders had a serious and frank exchange of views on Sino-U.S.relations and world affairs.4.The basilica is a conglomeration of contrary styles and periods.5.In the exchange of cultures throughout the world, the study of foreignlanguages is a must.6.The thought of him always fills me with strength. (adverbial clause of time)7.Urgent business prevented me from calling on you.8.A day’s exploration convinced him that this was not the spot.9.A wet day brings out colorful light mackintoshes.Unit 5 addition 增补法1.It is a part, and a very important part, of the air defense of our country.2.Since gaining our independence, we have made every effort to overcome theservitude of our past.3.The frequency, wavelength, and speed of sound are closely related.4.The chief effects of electric currents are the magnetic, heating and chemicaleffects.5.This report summed up the new achievements made in electron tubes,semiconductors and components.6.The spirit of peaceful coexistence must embody the idea that states cannot beleft to struggle on single-handed.7.Theory is something, but practice is everything.8.The whole square was alive with singing and rejoicing.9.He has in his vision the totality of every world problem, political, economic,human…10.I t’s a bit fishy that sh e should have given away a villa like that.Unit 6 Omission 省略法1.Water passes from a liquid to solid state when it freezes.2.You should keep calm even when you are in danger.3.She covered her face with her hands as if to protect her eyes.4.Turning on his face, he rested his chin on his hands.5.Never get on or off the bus before it comes to a standstill.6.Practically all substances expand when heated and contract when cooled.7.As she turned the corner she had a new idea which made her stop dead.8.It is ten to one that we will over-fulfil our production quota.9.From 4℃on down, water will decrease in density and increase in volume asit gets colder.10.T here are a number of peculiarities about the surface features of the earth.11.H e went out and shut the door gently behind him.unit 7 repetition 重复法2. The use of atomic weapons is a clear violation of international law, in particular of the Geneva Convention;3. Aerostatics is the study of how an object is supported in the air by buoyancy, that is, its ability to float in the air as a boat floats on water.1. Despite his versatility of talent and shiftiness of purpose, this man has in his whole lifetime been wedded to the most fossilized routine. ;2. The solid friendship between our two countries took shape during our protected struggles against colonialism, hegemonism, and outmoded relationships.5. Reading exercises one’s eyes; speaking, one’s tongue; while writing, one’s mind.;6. Thales thought water was the beginning of everything; Anaximenes, air; Heraclitus, fire.1. Radar is a newly developed technique by which people can see things beyond the visibility of them. ;3. We have advocated the principle of peaceful co-existence, which is now growing more and more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa.19. He walked down the line shaking hands with each other and mumbling a few words that were inaudible.;21. Walking up and down the empty room, he stopped here and there to touch or look.unit 8 Inversion 倒置法12.S he had such a kindly, smiling, tender, gentle, generous heart of her own.;13.S he was an intelligent, attractive and somewhat temperamental daughter of awell-to-do doctor in Haddington.14.T hen one can see the oval face of a handsome young woman with deep darkeyes and long heavy clinging tresses.15.B ernard Shaw was a well-known English playwright, who wrote many plays.;16.A ir is a mixture of gases, of which oxygen forms 21 percent by volume.17.J ohn, who was sick yesterday, did not come to class.;18.I n a dispute between two states with which one is friendly, try not to getinvolved.;19.W e maintain that no peace situation is permanent which does not take intoaccount the legitimate wishes of the majority of the people of any country.20.S he was so worried that she could hardly eat her supper.;21.N ow that I think of it, we were wrong in turning down her proposal.unit 9 Negation 反译法22.S he did not leave the letter here on purpose for you to read.;23.Y ou cannot politely turn down the invitation to the conference.24.U nder no circumstances would we give up our principles.25.H e was grown into quite another creature from what he was.;26.O ur work is still a long way from perfection.;27.I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man.28.A ll of the atoms of an element do not have exactly the same mass.;29.E verything is not good, but equally everything is not bad.30.I t is not to be denied that no sacrifice is too great to avert a catastrophe.31.W hen I think of all the waste, words fail me.unit 10 Division 拆译法1. They relentlessly tear at the flowers they see.2. I shall be glad of your company on the journey.3. The time could have been more profitably spent in making a detailed investigation. (= if the time had been spent in making a detailed investigation, it could have been more profitable.)4. They tried vainly to blame us for the break down in the truce talks.5. Any comment on it should appropriately come from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.6. Statistically significant correlation exists between vitamin deficiency and disease.7. His article is a well-written composition with good organization and fine style.8. In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colours.9. The difficulty of attainment increases the value of the object.10. Electronic computers, which have many advantages, cannot do creative work and replace man.11. Food which is kept too long decays because it is attacked by yeasts, moulds and bacteria.12. There is an emergency exit in the roof of the car through which passengers can escape.unit 11 Condensation 缩译法1. When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite.2. Before the night was far advanced, they began to move against the enemy.3. The chances are that the new machine will arrive tomorrow.4. The imitation, or make-believe, of life which poetry offers constitutes an ordered whole.5. One “Take this” is better than two “I’ll give you”.unit 12 Translation of Passive Voice 被动式译法1. Gases are frequently regarded as compressible, liquids as incompressible.2. Many elements in nature are found to be mixtures of different isotopes.unit 13 Translation of Long Sentences 长句译法1. From the standpoint of the developing countries, the next decade should seea greatly accelerated program for scientific and technological co-operation, aimed at wide-spread dissemination of technology for meeting the basic needs of man, such as nutrition, shelter, communications, health and sanitation.2. The tendency of a body to continue in motion is clear to one who observes that an automobile or a train moves for some distance even when brakes are used to check this motion.3. There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference, between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher who weighs out his goods in common scales and the operations of a chemist who performs a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graduated weights.。
笔译考试复习资料
笔译1.文化翻译的三种方式：1）Domestication: substituting. Transform characteristic ingredients into one kind of culture to some contents which people are familiar with in another kind. It is to use the words and expressions that have the same frequency of use with the source words and expressions but generally we use some words and expressions with certain cultural color to translate the primitive words and expressions. 轻如鸿毛：as light as a feather;火上浇油：add fuel to the flames.2）Foreignization: grafting. A kind of translation that transmits information of one culture and language maintaining its original appearance to another culture and language.例：go to law for a sheep, you lose a cow.为一只羊打官司，却损失了一头牛。
An ivory tower. 象牙塔3) Compensation: combining. 三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮：three cobblers with their wits combined would equal Zhege Liang, the ancient master mind.2.understanding of translating in lithe of information theory.Translating is a domain of liberal arts and the Information theory:is a science.Translating consists in the reproduction in the receptor language of the message of the source language . Information, a term with many meanings depending on context, is as a rule closely related to such concepts as message, meaning, knowledge and so on .Information’sStandard is Reliability and Validity while Translation’s Standard is Faithfulness; Expressiveness; Elegance.In short , Translating is a system where the information flows from the source languge to the target language. Translating is to convey the information in the source language into the target language, rather than just to change the languages. The information to be conveyed includes: linguistic, formal, cultural, stylistic, etc.American characterThe hurrying about in pursuit of wealth ~ How this trait leads to immoralityThe serious manner of Americans ~ Their underlying kindnessInformality in social situations ~ Physical appearanceActive: for anyone who has been to the US, one thing he cannot fail to notice about Americans is their orientation to action. Americans seem to be always busy doing something.Ambitious: Americans advance in their careers and are driven by motivations. The American hold such belief that one is what one does, which propels the Americans and gives the culture its quality of drivenness, and Americans have a recurrent need to prove themselves and thereby attain an identity through success and achievement.Optimistic: the optimism holds that trying to do something about a condition or problem will almost invariably bring success in solving it, which seem to be specifically American.。
CATTI三级笔译考试经典复习资料全
1. 英译汉Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature so Marx discovered the law of development of human history, the simple fact , hitherto concealed by an overgrowth of ideology, that mankind must first of all eat, drink, have shelter and clothing before it can pursue politics, science, art, religion, etc; that, therefore the production of the immediate material means of subsistence and consequently the degree of economic development attained by a given people during a given epoch form the foundation upon which the state institutions, the legal conceptions, art, and even the ideas on religion, of the people concerned have been evolved, and in the light of which they must, therefore, be explained, instead of vice versa, as had hitherto been the case.英译汉：正如达尔文发现有机自然界的发展规律一样，马克思发现了人类历史的发展规律，即历来繁茂芜杂的意识形态所掩盖着的一个简单事实：人们首先要吃、要喝、要穿、要住，然后才能从事政治、科学、艺术、宗教等等;所以，生产直接与生活有关部门的物质用品，会为一个民族或一个时代带来一定的经济发展，这两者又构成了国家制度、法律观念、艺术以及宗教思想的基础。
笔译复习资料
笔译复习资料笔译复习资料笔译是一门独特而重要的语言技能，它涉及将一种语言转化为另一种语言的过程。
对于想要从事笔译工作的人来说，复习是必不可少的一部分。
在这篇文章中，我将分享一些笔译复习资料的相关内容，帮助读者更好地准备笔译考试或提升自己的笔译能力。
一、语言知识的复习语言知识是笔译的基础，它包括词汇、语法、句法等方面。
在复习语言知识时，可以从以下几个方面入手：1. 词汇复习：扩大词汇量是非常重要的。
可以通过背单词、阅读、听力等方式来积累词汇。
同时，还要了解不同词汇在不同语境中的意义和用法。
2. 语法复习：语法是语言的骨架，它决定了句子的结构和表达方式。
复习语法可以通过学习语法规则、做语法练习、阅读语法书籍等方式进行。
3. 句法复习：句法是语言中句子的结构和组织方式。
了解不同语言的句法结构有助于理解和翻译句子。
可以通过分析句子结构、比较不同语言的句法差异等方式进行句法复习。
二、背景知识的复习背景知识是指与笔译内容相关的专业知识。
在进行笔译时，了解背景知识可以帮助理解原文，并准确地传达信息。
背景知识的复习可以从以下几个方面进行：1. 行业知识：根据自己的兴趣和需求，选择一两个行业进行深入了解。
可以通过阅读相关书籍、行业报告、新闻等方式来学习行业知识。
2. 文化知识：不同文化之间存在着差异，了解不同文化的习俗、价值观、历史等有助于更好地理解原文，并进行准确的翻译。
可以通过阅读相关书籍、观看纪录片、与母语人士交流等方式来学习文化知识。
3. 专业知识：如果要从事特定领域的笔译工作，了解该领域的专业知识是必要的。
可以通过阅读专业书籍、参加相关培训、与专业人士交流等方式来学习专业知识。
三、翻译技巧的复习翻译技巧是指在进行笔译时使用的一些技巧和方法。
复习翻译技巧可以帮助提高翻译质量和效率。
以下是一些常用的翻译技巧：1. 理解原文：在进行翻译之前，先要仔细阅读和理解原文。
了解原文的意思、结构和语言特点是进行准确翻译的基础。
英汉笔译期末“短句翻译”复习提纲
1. Today the electronic computer is widely used in solving mathematical problems having to do with weather forecasting and putting satellites into orbit.译文：今天, 电子计算机广泛地运用于解决一些数学问题, 这些问题与天气预报、把卫星送入轨道有关。
2. No reference books are to be taken out of the reading-room without permission译文：本阅览室的任何参考书都不得擅自带出。
3. Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind. It is the freshness of the deep springs of life.译文：青春不是人生的一个阶段，而是一种心境。
青春是生命深处的一泓清泉。
4. The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media.译文：因为距离远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会是与外界隔绝的。
这种隔绝状态由于通信工具不足，就变得更加严重了。
5. You can fool all the people some of the time and some of the people all the time, but you cannot fool all the people all the time.译文：骗人一夕一事易，欺众一生一世难。
6. Care should be taken at all times to protect these sophisticated instruments from dust and damp.译文：应当始终注意保护这些精密仪器，不使其沾染灰尘，不让他们受潮。
catti笔译资料
catti笔译资料1. 教材和参考书籍：CATTI 考试有官方推荐的教材和参考书籍，这些教材覆盖了不同领域的翻译内容，有助于系统学习笔译技巧和常见表达。
2. 练习材料：可以寻找各种类型的文本进行练习，包括新闻报道、官方文件、小说、科技文献等。
这样可以熟悉不同领域的语言风格和专业术语。
3. 官方样题和历年真题：研究 CATTI 官方提供的样题和历年真题，了解考试的题型、难度和要求。
通过做这些题目，你可以熟悉考试的格式和要求，提高答题的准确性和速度。
4. 翻译技巧和策略：学习一些基本的翻译技巧和策略，如直译、意译、增译、减译等。
了解如何根据语境和文体选择合适的翻译方法。
5. 语言知识的提升：除了翻译技巧，扎实的语言知识也是必不可少的。
继续提高你的源语言和目标语言的语法、词汇和表达能力。
6. 平行文本阅读：阅读与你要翻译的领域相关的平行文本，即用目标语言写成的类似文本。
这有助于你熟悉目标语言的表达方式和术语。
7. 参加培训课程或辅导班：如果有条件，可以参加专门的 CATTI 培训课程或辅导班，由专业的老师指导和讲解，提供针对性的学习和练习。
8. 多练习和反思：不断进行练习，并对自己的翻译进行反思和修正。
比较自己的翻译与参考译文，找出差距和不足之处，不断改进。
9. 行业规范和标准：了解翻译行业的规范和标准，如术语的使用、标点符号的处理等，确保你的翻译符合专业要求。
10. 模拟考试和时间管理：在考试前进行模拟考试，模拟真实考试环境，控制时间和提高答题速度。
准备 CATTI 笔译考试需要持续的学习和练习。
不断积累经验、提高语言能力和翻译技巧，相信你会取得好成绩。
祝你考试顺利！。
英语二级笔译复习资料
英语二级笔译复习资料英语二级笔译复习资料在当今全球化的时代，英语已经成为一门不可或缺的语言。
无论是在学术领域、商务交流还是国际合作中，掌握一定的英语能力都显得尤为重要。
而英语二级笔译考试则是衡量一个人英语能力的重要标准之一。
为了帮助大家更好地复习英语二级笔译考试，下面将介绍一些复习资料和方法。
首先，我们可以从词汇和短语的积累入手。
词汇是语言的基础，掌握了足够的词汇量，才能更好地理解和翻译文章。
可以通过背单词的方式来积累词汇，可以选择一些常用的词汇书籍或者使用手机APP进行背诵。
此外，还可以通过阅读英文文章和报纸来积累词汇和短语。
在阅读过程中，可以将生词和短语记录下来，并进行整理和总结，以便日后复习使用。
其次，了解常见的翻译技巧也是复习的重要内容之一。
在笔译过程中，我们需要将原文的意思准确地表达出来，同时保持语言的流畅和自然。
在翻译过程中，可以运用一些常见的翻译技巧，比如同义替换、词组转换、句子结构调整等。
通过学习和掌握这些技巧，可以提高翻译的准确性和效率。
另外，了解不同领域的专业术语也是复习的重点之一。
英语二级笔译考试的文章涉及到的领域非常广泛，包括经济、法律、科技、医学等。
在复习过程中，可以选择一些相关的专业书籍或者网上资源进行学习。
通过系统地学习和掌握各个领域的专业术语，可以更好地理解和翻译相关的文章。
此外，进行模拟考试也是复习的重要环节。
通过模拟考试，可以熟悉考试的形式和要求，提高自己的应试能力。
可以选择一些历年的真题进行模拟考试，同时可以请教一些已经通过考试的同学或者老师，了解一些解题技巧和经验。
通过不断地模拟考试和反复训练，可以提高自己的翻译能力和应试水平。
最后，保持良好的学习习惯也是复习的关键。
只有保持良好的学习习惯，才能更好地进行复习和提高自己的英语能力。
可以制定一个合理的学习计划，每天安排一定的时间进行复习。
可以选择一个安静的学习环境，避免干扰和分散注意力。
同时，可以使用一些学习工具，比如笔记本、电子词典、翻译软件等，提高学习的效率和质量。
笔译复习材料.doc
笔译复习材料句子练习1、据报道估计，今年国内游客将增加到19亿人次，比去年激增10%；总收入将达到9500 亿人民币（约合139（）亿美元），比去年增长8%o （教材P357）According to report estimates, the number of domestic tourists this year will increase by a robust 10 percent to 1.9 billion persons, and total revenue will gain 8 percent to reach 950 billion Yuan （$139billion）2、茶庄印制的产品简介更详细地介绍了各种茶的特色和功效，印有中、英、FI三个版本，务求令世界各地的人都可认识到屮国茶文化的精髓。
（教材P86）Our shop' s catalogues introduce the features and effects of all kinds of tea in detail・ We provide the catalogues in three versions: Chinese, English, and Japanese, so as to make the essence of the Chinese tea culture known to the world・3、我公司是东南亚地区最大的高尔夫设备销售代理商之一。
有关我方信誉的任何资料，请向香港的第一商业银行询问。
Our company is one of the largest sales agents for golf equipment in south east Asia, Any information about our crcdibil让y, please ask the First Commercial Bank in Hong Kong4^ Form the discouragement of his mining failure, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade, but for making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax・自从他因淘金失败而感到心灰意冷z后，马克?吐温便开始努力博取作为一名报社记者和幽默作家的地区性声望。
catti三级笔译复习资料
catti三级笔译复习资料CATTI三级笔译复习资料随着全球化的发展，跨国交流和合作日益频繁，笔译这一职业变得越来越重要。
CATTI（China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters）是中国翻译协会主办的笔译资格认证考试，被广泛认可为中国翻译行业的权威认证。
CATTI三级笔译考试是CATTI考试中的最高级别，通过该考试的翻译人员具备了较高水平的翻译能力和专业素养。
CATTI三级笔译复习资料的准备对于考生来说至关重要。
首先，考生需要了解CATTI三级笔译考试的考试大纲和考试要求。
这样可以帮助考生明确自己需要复习的内容，有针对性地进行备考。
考试大纲包括了考试的内容范围、考试形式和考试时间等信息，考生可以根据大纲的要求进行复习计划的制定。
其次，考生需要掌握一定的翻译理论知识。
翻译理论是指关于翻译的基本概念、原则和方法的理论体系。
了解翻译理论可以帮助考生加深对翻译过程和翻译策略的理解，提高翻译的准确性和流畅度。
考生可以通过阅读相关的翻译理论书籍和论文，参加翻译理论的培训课程，以及参与翻译理论的讨论和交流来提高自己的翻译理论水平。
此外，考生还需要进行大量的实践训练。
翻译是一门实践性很强的技能，只有通过实践才能不断提高。
考生可以选择一些有代表性的翻译文本进行练习，如新闻报道、学术论文、商务文件等。
在实践过程中，考生可以结合自己的翻译理论知识，不断调整和完善自己的翻译方法和技巧。
同时，考生还可以参加一些翻译实训班或者找一位有经验的翻译导师进行指导，以获得更系统和专业的实践训练。
此外，考生还应该关注当前热点话题和重要领域的相关知识。
翻译工作往往涉及到各个领域的内容，如政治、经济、科技、文化等。
考生可以通过阅读报纸、杂志、专业书籍以及相关的网上资料，了解最新的热点话题和相关领域的知识。
这样可以帮助考生在翻译过程中更好地理解和传达原文的意思，提高翻译的质量和准确性。
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01A（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料原文：要以经济体制改革为重点，区别情况，分类推进，抓好牵一发而动全身的举措，力求取得实质性进展，更多释放改革红利。
在全国实施工商登记制度改革，落实认缴登记制，由先证后照改为先照后证，由企业年检制度改为年报公示制度，让市场主体不断迸发新的活力。
（118 字）译文：We will focus on economic structural reform, advance it on different fronts in a targeted wayin light of different conditions, take key measures that will have an overall impact, strive to make substantive progress and reap more benefits from reform.We will reform the business registration system nationwide and carry out registration of subscribed capital. Issuing an operating permit before a license, which was the practice in the past, will be replaced with the practice of license first, operating permit second. Annual inspections of businesses will be replaced by annual reporting to incentivize market actors.0 1B（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料原文：坚持放管并重，建立纵横联动协同管理机制，实现责任和权力同步下放、放活和监管同步到位。
各级政府预算和决算都要向社会公开，部门预算要逐步公开到基本支出和项目支出，所有财政拨款的“三公”经费都要公开，打造阳光财政，让群众看明白、能监督。
（115 字）译文：We will attach equal importance to both delegating power and strengthening oversight, establish a mechanism of coordinating management between government bodies at both the same and different levels, and ensure that both responsibility and power are delegated together and that relaxing control and strengthening oversight go hand in hand.Governments at all levels should release their budgets and final accounts to the public, and budgets released by government bodies should progressively include details down to basic regular and project expenditures. In particular, all public spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality should be made public. We will ensure transparency of public finance and make it easy for people to understand and oversee it.02A（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料原文：推进税收制度改革，把“营改增”试点扩大到铁路运输、邮政服务、电信等行业，清费立税，推动消费税、资源税改革，做好房地产税、环境保护税立法相关工作。
保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定，扩大汇率双向浮动区间，推进人民币资本项目可兑换。
（117 字）译文：We will advance the reform of the tax system by taking the following steps: Extend trials for replacing business tax with VAT to the railway transport, postal and telecommunications services industries, abolish fees and replace them with taxes, reform the excise tax and resource tax, and move ahead with legislation on property tax and environmental protection tax.We will keep the renminbi exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate, balanced level,expand its floating range, and move toward renminbi convertibility under capital accounts.0 2B（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料原文：让金融成为一池活水，更好地浇灌小微企业、“三农”等实体经济之树。
优化国有经济布局和结构，加快发展混合所有制经济，建立健全现代企业制度和公司法人治理结构。
完善产权保护制度，公有制经济财产权不可侵犯，非公有制经济财产权同样不可侵犯。
（114 字）译文：We will ensure that financial services play an active role in meeting the needs of the real economy, including small and micro businesses, agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.We will improve the distribution and structure of the state-owned sector of the economyand accelerate the development of mixed-ownership economic entities. We will establish a sound modern corporate structure and corporate governance.We will improve the property rights system to ensure that property rights are inviolable inboth the public and non-public sectors.03A（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料原文：开放与改革相伴而生、相互促进。
要构建开放型经济新体制，推动新一轮对外开放，在国际市场汪洋大海中搏击风浪。
扩大全方位主动开放。
打造内外资企业一视同仁、公平竞争的营商环境，使中国继续成为外商投资首选地。
从战略高度推动出口升级和贸易平衡发展。
（118 字）译文：Opening up and reform have been launched as integral parts of the same initiative as theyare mutually reinforcing. We will foster a new open-economy system and advance a new round of opening up to embrace the international market.We will open China wider to the outside world in all areas. We will level the playing field for domestic and foreign enterprises to compete on fair terms so as to ensure that China remains a top choice for foreign investment.We will make it a strategic priority to upgrade exports and promote balanced growth offoreign trade.03B（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料原文：在走出去中提升竞争力。
健全金融、法律、领事等服务保障，规范走出去秩序，促进产品出口、工程承包与劳务合作。
抓紧规划建设丝绸之路经济带、21 世纪海上丝绸之路。
统筹多双边和区域开放合作。
坚持推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，形成对外开放与改革发展良性互动新格局。
（124 字）译文：We will increase China's competitiveness through expanding its overseas business presence.We will provide better financial, legal and consular services, ensure orderly overseas business operations, and boost the export of products, project contracting and labor services. We willintensify the planning and building of a Silk Road economic belt and a 21st century maritime Silk Road.We will engage in bilateral, multilateral and regional opening up and cooperation in a coordinated way. We will continue to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and ensure that opening up reinforces and is reinforced by reform and development.04A（3 人组）说翻译（下）材料原文：要从需求方面施策，从供给方面发力。