研究生英语听说教程提高级教师用书(第四单元)
新世纪研究生英语听说教程原文答案Unit 4 Gatherings and Parties
Unit 4 Gatherings and PartiesThinking AheadStudents are asked to discuss the following questions in groups. The reference answers for the questions are offered below:1. On which occasions do you have get-togethers with your family members or friends?On some holidays, or big days we will have get-togethers with our family members or friends.2. How many western parties do you know?holiday party e.g. Fourth Of July, Christmas, New Year’s eve, Mardi Gras（狂欢节）birthday party 生日庆祝会bachelor/bachelorette/stag/hen party 告别单身派对pajama party 睡衣派对housewarming party 乔迁宴会baby shower 生孩子送礼会bridal shower 结婚送礼会welcoming party 欢迎会farewell party 送别会Super Bowl Party 超级杯派对Oscar party 奥斯卡派对theme party主题派对garden party 游园会tailgate party 车尾野餐会，或球迷的场外野餐会3. Have you ever imagined a reunion of your old classmates? What will be the scene?Yes. It will be nostalgic. There are all walks of people, e.g. scientists, researchers, engineers, managers, etc. We will talk about old times and old friends.Part I Video TimeIn this part, students have 2 tasks to accomplish.Task 1In task 1, students are asked to watch a video clip about birthday celebration and then do the exercises as required. Before watching, students are supposed to read the words and expressions related to the video. The clip is from the sitcom Friends. Chandler, Ross, Joey, Phoebe, and Monica were planning Rachel’s birthday party. They invited many people including Rachel’s mother who was just divorced Rachel’s father.TranscriptRachel’s Birthday PartyPhoebe: Ok, here are the birthday candles. Where’s the birthday cake?Monica: Ok, we’re not having birthday cake. We’re having birthday flan.Chandler: Excuse me?Monica: It’s a traditional Mexican custard dessert.Joey:Oh, that’s nice. Happy birthday, Rachel, here’s some goo （本文指Mexican custard dessert）.(Knock at the door)Monica: (answers the door) Dr. Greene. Oh, my God. It’s Rachel’s dad. What’re you doing here? Mr. Greene: What? The father can’t drop by to see the daughter on her birthday?Monica: No, no, the father can, but um, since I am the roommate I can tell you that she’s not here and I’ll pass along the message, ok. So bye-bye.Mr. Greene: Ohhh, you’re having a party.Monica: No, no, not a party. Just a surprise gathering of some people Rachel knows. Um, this is Phoebe, and Chandler, and Joey.Mr. Greene: I’ll never re member all of that. So uh, what’s the deal? Rachel comes home, people pop out and yell stuff, is that it?Chandler: This isn’t your first surprise party, is it sir?(Knock at the door. Monica answers to see Mrs. Greene)Mrs. Greene: Hi, Monica.(Monica slams the door back shut.)Monica: Chinese menu guy. Forgot the menus.Chandler: So, basically just a Chinese guy.Joey: Uh, hey, Dr. Greene, why don’t you come with me, we’ll put your jacket on Rachel’s bed. Mr. Greene: Alright, that sounds like a two-person job. (They walk into Rachel’s bedroom) Mrs. Greene: Well, my goodness, what was that?Monica: Sandra, I am so sorry, I thought you were Rachel and we just weren’t ready for you yet. Mrs. Greene: You thought I was Rachel?Chandler: Yes, because… uh…you look so young.Phoebe: And because you’re both, you know, white women.Mrs. Greene: Oh, I missed you, kids. Well, should I put my coat in the bedroom?Chandler: NO! No, I’ll take that for you.Mrs. Greene: Oh, well, thank you. Such a gentleman. Thank you. Ahh, it all looks so nice, so festive, all the balloons... The funniest thing happened to me on the way here. I was... Phoebe: (Cutting Mrs. Greene off)Ha-ha, that’s great, ha-ha. I can’t wait to hear the rest of it, you know, but I really have to go to the bathroom, so... Hey, come with me. Yeah, yeah, it’ll be like we’re gal pals, you know, like at a restaurant. Oh, it’ll be fun, c’mon (come on). (They go in the bathroom)Monica: Oh my God, oh my God, oh my God.Chandler: Ok, think, what would Jack and Chrissy do?Joey: (Peeks back out) Ok, now that your coat is safely in the bedr-…,oh, ok we can come back out in the living room.Monica: So uh, Joey and Chandler, I, I think it’s time that you take Dr. Greene over to your place. Chandler: Uhh, yes, absolutely, um. Why again?Monica: Because that’s where the party is you goon. See this is just the staging area.Joey: Right this is staging.Chandler: Yeah, this more than anything else, is the staging area.Joey: This is clearly in the wrong apartment.(Later on in the hallway between the apartments. Chandler is showing people to the parties.) Chandler: Alright you guys are off to party number one and you, you are off to party number two.Alright, fellas, let’s keep it moving. Let’ keep it moving.Monica: Chandler could you at least send some women to my party? (Buzzer goes off) Alright that’s Ross.Chandler: Ok, they’re coming, shhh.Rachel: Ohh, thank you for the wonderful dinner.Ross: Thanks for being born.Rachel: Ohh, thank you for my beautiful earrings. They’re perfect. I love you.Ross: Oh, now you can exchange them if you want, ok.Rachel: Now I love you even more.(They kiss and Ross backs her into her apartment and turns on the lights)All: Surprise.Rachel: Oh, my gosh, wow. Monica. Oh my god. Mom. This is so great.Mrs. Greene: Happy birthday, sweetie.Rachel: Wow you, you. I had no idea.Ross: Really?Rachel: No, I knew.Ross: All right.Monica: Ok, everybody, there’s food and drinks on the table. Go across the hall.Ross: What?Rachel: What?Monica: Right now, Joey and Chandler’s, go now.Rachel: Why.Monica: Just go.All: Surprise.Mr. Greene: Happy birthday sweet pea.Rachel: Daddy.Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Making a Sound JudgmentStudents are asked to watch the clip carefully to decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).__T_1) Monica prepares a birthday flan which is a traditional Mexican custard dessert.__T_2) Monica is Rachel’s roommate.__T_3) They want to give Rachel a surprise.__F_4) Phoebe cuts Mrs. Greene off to invite her to the bathroom because she really regards Mrs.Greene as her gal pal.Exercise 2 Essay WritingStudents are asked to write a short essay entitled A Surprise Party for My Friend’s Birthday. They should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines:1) traditional Chinese birthday celebration2) your idea to hold a surprise partySampleA Surprise Party for My Friend’s BirthdayMother will cook “long-lived” noodles. And for old people, we’ll prepare Longevity Peaches. Just for blessing. They are made of wheat flour and they look just like real peaches. There is an interesting tale behind it—The Goddess is said to own some magical peach trees in heaven. If you eat peaches grown on those trees, you will never die. The Monkey King once stole a lot of them, which pissed the Goddess off.I will take the right steps to ensure my guest of honor（主宾）will be surprised.1. Select date for party after secretly discovering whether guest of honor will be available that day.2. Enlist the help of an assistant to create a fake activity for my honoree（主宾）to attend with him or her.3. Extend invitations to all guests and make very clear that party will be a surprise, whether it’s a verbal, email, or formal written invitation.4. Let all guests who may have contact with honoree know the planned strategy for tricking guest of honor.5. Invite all guests to arrive 30 minutes before guest of honor.6. Tell guests to park out of sight, unless guest of honor believes he or she will be attending someone else’s party.7. If possible, suggest any guests having contact with honoree casually mention they will be attending to some fictitious activity that day.8. Hold my breath and hope no one slips（犯错）with the surprise.Task 2In task 2, students are asked to watch a video clip about Bridal Shower Slumber Party and then do the exercises as required. Before watching, students are supposed to read the words,expressions and cultural notes related to the video.TranscriptBridal Shower Slumber PartyReporter:Hello, hello. Elsie Kentworthy, here. Weeks before her wedding, Princess Mia, in a stroke of skilled diplomacy, has invited royal princesses from all over the world to her bridal shower slumber party.Charlotte: Hello, Princess Lorraine. Oh, braces.Princess A: Yeah. I’m getting two diamonds put in.Charlotte: Oh.That must make it more comfortable.Girl: Hi, Charlotte.Charlotte: Princess Aimee of Mallorca.Princess B: Is this my party?Charlotte: No, this is Princess Mia’s party.Princess B: Oh.(Giggling and laughing)Mia: So I want thank you all very much for my fabulous bridal shower presents. And now, I havea present for you. It’s time for mattress surfing!(The song “Let’s Bounce” by Christy Carlson Romano)Servant C: Princess Aimee has to go potty.(The song “I Always Get What I Want” by Avril Lavigne)Queen: I think I’ll just have some milk and cookies in my room, Olivia.Servant D: Yes, Your Majesty.Queen: Perhaps some earplugs. Quite a party, darling.Mia: Yeah. We’re just having a little bit of fun..Queen: Oh, Rupert and the boys used to love doing that.Princesses: King Rupert. May he rest in peace.Queen: I did it too, you know. But a little differently, Felix?Mia: I thought you never slide.Queen: I don’t. But I’ve done a lot of flying in my time.(The song “Trouble” by Pink)Princess C: Is she really going to do this?Queen: May I? Ha! Ta-da.Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Making a Sound JudgmentStudents are asked to watch the clip carefully to decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).__T_1) The party was held weeks before Princess Mia’s wedding.__T_2) The queen also joined the mattress surfing.__T_3) The queen thought the party was kind of noisy.__F_4) This is a family get-together.Exercise 2 BrainstormingStudents are asked to brainstorm new ideas and prepare to hold their own pajama party. Suggested AnswersTo Hold a Pajama PartyPajama Party Invitation: Pajama party invitations come in many different shapes, colors and designs. The most popular ones are shaped like a sleeping bag and a card is inserted inside that envelope.Pajama Party Decoration: A pajama party does not require as much decoration as compared to other parties. It is the most relaxed party of all and people can just be themselves without worrying about their looks and appearances.Pajama Party Planning: A pajama party is probably the simplest party of all. Not much of planning is required unless your guests are really young kids. Pajama party planning includes nothing but more food, movies, invitations and some decorations if necessary.Pajama Party Favors:The best way to thank your friends for dropping by is by giving out pajama party favors. These favors shall always remind them of the wonderful time they had at your place.Pajama Party Games:Pajama parties are very exciting occasions for young kids and young adults. Everyone looks forward to have loads of fun with each other. Pajama party games ensure just that.Pajama Party Movies: A pajama party is always fun and kids sure can have a great time together if the party is organized properly. Pajama parties are a great way to relax and beat stress.Part II Listening ActivitiesIn this part, students have 3 listening tasks to accomplish.Task 1In task 1, students are asked to listen to a dialogue between two roommates about Homecoming Scene and then do the exercises as required. Before listening, students are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural note related to the dialogue.TranscriptHomecoming SceneRoommate:Why are there so many people in the hall today? I bet even the youngest of them gotta(be going to) be over 60.May: They are schoolmates of our university. There is a reunion of our university. Roommate: Look, May, the man in grey suit looks like the mayor of our city.May: That’s him. He graduated from our university. And there are also other important people here: scientists, researchers, engineers, managers, etc.Roommate: Really? I hear that the statue besides our school gate is donated by them.May: Yes, I know that. They have given lots of money to our university.Roommate: Why?May: They graduated from this university and have become very successful people. And they feel very grateful to their university.Roommate: I feel more grateful to my teachers than to my school.May: You are lucky to have good teachers in a good school.Roommate: Year, maybe I would come back with my boyfriend to this school when we are old.After all, it’s the place where we first met each other.May: Look at those three couples; they must have been classmates in our university. Roommate: How do you know that?May: Because they come back together and only the graduates of this university are invited. Roommate: You are right. But what are we here for?May: We will serve them tea and snacks. Come on, we must work now.(From /lesson/kydyj/66281.html ) Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Listening for DetailsStudents are asked to listen to the dialogue carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing information.1) The man in grey suit looks like the mayor of their city.2) The statue besides our school gate is donated by them.3) One girl wants to come back with her boyfriend to this school when they are old.4) Only the graduates of this university are invited to the reunion.5) The two girls are here to serve them tea and snacks.Exercise 2 Listening for Deeper UnderstandingStudents are asked to listen to the dialogue again and choose the best answers to the questions.1) D2) A3) AExercise 3 Oral PresentationStudents are asked to illustrate homecoming celebration.Reference for the IllustrationHomecoming CelebrationHomecoming is an annual event at schools, colleges, and universities for visiting graduates. It is an annual tradition of the United States of America. People, towns, high schools and colleges come together, usually in late September or October, to welcome back former residents and alumni. It is built around a central event, such as a banquet（宴会）or a game of American football, basketball, or ice hockey. When celebrated by schools, the activities vary widely. However, they usually consist of a football game played on the school’s home football field（主场）, activities for students and alumni, a parade featuring the school’s marching band, and the coronation（加冕礼）of a Homecoming Queen (and at many schools, a Homecoming King). Related “Homecoming Dances” can be either boy asking girl or Sadie Hawkins style（女追男）. At most major colleges and universities, the football game and preceding tailgate（球迷的汽车后挡板作餐桌的聚会）are the most widely recognized and heavily attended events of the week. Sometimes during the school week, a picnic could occur. The picnic is very similar to the tailgate party, but it occurs after school or during the school’s lunch period.Task 2In task 2, students will listen to a report about Oscar Night and then do the exercises as required. Before listening, students are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural notes related to the report.Oscar NightReporter: It was a political night from the very start and that suited host Jon Stewart just fine.Jon Stewart:I do have some sad news to report, eh, Bjork couldn’t be here tonight. She was trying on her Oscar dress and Dick Cheney shot her.Reporter: George Clooney continued the theme and accepted the first award of the night for Best Supporting Actor. He answered criticism that liberal Hollywood is out of touch with America. George Clooney: This academy, this group of people, gave Hattie McDaniel an Oscar in 1939, when blacks were still sitting in the backs of the theaters. I am proud to be a part of this academy.Reporter: A very pregnant Rachel Weisz took home the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress. She thanked John le Carre for writing The Constant Gardener.Rachel Weisz: He really paid tribute to, to the people who are willing to risk their own lives to fight injustice.Reporter: The Penguins took the documentary prize. Robert Altman was honored and a rap song won the Oscar for Best Song.Jon Stewart: By the way, for those of you who are keeping score at home, I just wanna (want to) make something very clear, Martin Scorsese: zero Oscars. Three Six Mafia: one. Reporter: One Oscar too for Best Actor Philip Seymour Hoffman.Philip Seymour Hoffman: Be proud, Mom. I am proud of you, and we are here tonight. It’s so good. Thank you.Reporter: Reese Witherspoon was proud to take home the Oscar for Best Actress.Reese Witherspoon: I don’t know what this means, you know, I am just trying to matter and livea good life.Reporter: As expected, Ang Lee was awarded with an Oscar for Best Director for Brokeback Mountain.Ang Lee: “Wow, I wish I know how to quit you. Hah...”Reporter: In an ending worthy of Hollywood, the Oscar for Best Picture went to Crash. John Stewart will also likely be considered an Oscar winner. In a serious year he made Hollywood laugh at itself.Karl Debol. ABC News, Hollywood.(From /lesson/wanhuatong/2006/28547.html) Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Making a Sound JudgmentStudents are asked to listen to the report carefully and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).__F_1) Jon Stewart was the host and also one of the Oscar winners.__T_2) The Best Supporting Actor winner was George Clooney.__F_3) The theme song of the documentary The Penguins was awarded the best song.__T_4) Reese Witherspoon took home the Best Actress.__F_5) Ang Lee was awarded the Best Director for Brokeback Mountain out of expectation.Exercise 2 Listening for General UnderstandingStudents are asked to listen to the report again and choose the best answers to the questions.1) A2) C3) CAdditional ListeningIn this section, students will listen to a report about Super Bowl Sunday and then do the exercises as required. Before listening, students are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural note related to the report.TranscriptSports Fans, US Businesses Await “Sup er Bowl Sunday”“Super Bowl Sunday” is virtually a holiday in the United States. Not an official holiday, of course, but many activities around the country will come to a halt when American-style football’s championship contest begins in southern Florida.This year the Super Bowl pits the Indianapolis Colts against the Chicago Bears. Over the past 40 years, the game has become an important part of the American sports calendar ... a time to get together with friends and neighbors ... and a big shopping event.Millions of Americans—more than ever before, according to a recent poll—will be watching the big game in restaurants or bars, or hosting Super Bowl parties. And well over a million consumers are buying home entertainment centers, and other accessories to enhance their viewing of the big game.It all adds up to a huge payday: the National Retail Federation says nearly 9 billion dollars will be spent on Super Bowl-related purchases.The Super Bowl is no longer an exclusively American event. Last year, an estimated one billion people around the world tuned in to watch the game.Taking advantage of cutting-edge technology, this year’s Super Bowl will be broadcast in HD—high-definition—format TV.Chuck Sanders, a manager at Best Buy, a big electronics store in Washington explains, “HD is generally a higher-definition signal versus a standard signal. Basically, you’ll get a brighter, sharper picture than you would with a standard picture coming in the house.”And the best way to get the full effect of HD broadcasts is to watch them on high definition television sets—the bigger, the better, and preferably a flat-screen model.Salesmen like Abbey Giewa, at a Microcenter electronics store in the Washington suburbs, are expecting a big rise in HDTV sales,“Absolutely, because right now, (the shoppers are saying,) I want to share that experience with my family and friends. I want to have that big-screen TV,” he explains. “I want to be the one to host the Super Bowl party.”Sanders adds, “It’s an opportunity for everyone to entertain. So there are more people coming in looking for TVs versus any other time of the year.”Since the 1960s when the Super Bowl began, the game also has become a media event, featuring new commercials and a lavish half-time show with top names in entertainment.So even if the football match turns out to be a dud, television viewers—especially those with HDTV equipment—can still enjoy the other attractions that make this Sunday really super.(From /voastandard/2007/2/36939.html) Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Listening for General UnderstandingStudents are asked to listen to the report carefully and choose the best answers to the questions.1) B2) C3) BExercise 2 Listening for Specific InformationStudents are asked to listen to the report again and fill in the blanks with the missing information.1) The National Retail Federation says nearly 9 billion dollars/$ 9 billion will be spent on Super Bowl-related purchases.2) Super Bowl game features new commercials and a lavish half-time show with top names in entertainment.3) For some retailers, Super Bowl game is a huge payday.Part III Oral PracticeIn this part, students have 3 tasks to accomplish.Task 1 Role PlayStudents are asked to create their own dialogues based on the following roles and settings. Sample for the DialogueTalking about Halloween PartyAlicia: Wow! Holly! Your place is totally decked out（装饰）for Halloween. It’s cool!Holly: That’s because we’re having a party here later tonight!Alicia: Can I stay up?Holly: We’ll see! You’ll probably be on a big sugar high（身体吸收了过多糖分造成的一种过度兴奋的状态）anyway.Alicia: Hee-hee! Yeah! I hope your neighbors give out good candy.Holly: They will when they see what a scary witch you are. I love your fake nose and warts（瘤）.Alicia: Dad bought them for me. And these, too. They’re my slimy（黏糊糊的）plastic toads（蟾蜍）.Holly: Ew! Uh, I think you should flash those at anyone who tries to give junk candy.Alicia: Hah! This will be so much fun! This costume’s much cooler than the pink ballerina（芭蕾舞女）costume mom made last year.Holly: Yes, but you need a witch’s laugh. Try this---Yihahaha!Alicia: Or this “I’ll get you, my pretty! Wahahaha!”Holly: Sounds like you’re a natural（天才人选）.Alicia: You know, I haven’t heard from Jack before we went to the Haunted Woods（鬼林）. Holly: Still no sign of Jack? Maybe he’s at the Village Halloween Parade!Alicia: I just wish he’d call.Holly: Hey, take it easy! I think we throw a great party!Alicia: Yes, you bet. The spaghetti（意大利面）and hard-boiled eggs grossed people out（让人恶心）!Holly: And the Jell-o. I thought no one would fall for that any more.Alicia: Give it up, Brian! I saw you coming a mile away! (to Holly) Hey, isn’t that the werewolf from...Werewolf: (Jumping over to Holly) Give me your heart, baby!Brian: Hey, you stay away from her!Jack: What’s wrong with you, dude? You look like you just saw a ghost!Brian: Oh, Jack! I though you were...I mean, how are you? Where’ve you been?Jack: Yeah, it’s been a crazy week. Some idiot ran me over at the Haunted Woods. He nearly broke my leg!Brian: (Embarrassed) Oh, that’s...terrible.Task 2 Oral PresentationStudents are asked to look at the pictures and try to describe them. They should do some research beforehand, and then choose one to give a 2-3 minutes’oral presentation. Their presentation should include the following points: the features and the way to celebrate.A Sample for Oral PresentationCostume PartyCostume Parties are especially popular in the United States around Halloween, when teenagers and adults who may be considered too old for trick-or-treating attend a costume party instead. Halloween costume parties are occasionally featured in popular movies, such as Mean Girls.Costume parties are also popular during the Carnival（狂欢）season, such as at Mardi Gras （狂欢节）. Costume parties are also held for popular science fiction and fantasy events, movie openings and book releases. Website held a The Lord of the Rings dress Oscar party that was attended by Peter Jackson. Star Wars parties were held to celebrate the opening ofEpisode I. Many bookstores have held Harry Potte r themed parties to celebrate the releases of the series’later novels, and some movie theaters have had Potter-themed celebrations as the movie adaptations（改编）have been released.Task 3 Information SharingStudents are asked to participate in a whole class activity—to hold a party or a gathering / to take part in a party or a gathering. It comprises two stages.Step 1Design a gathering or a party in groups.Step 2Try to persuade as many students as possible to come. Students should explain to their classmates why and how they prepare for the gathering or the party.Sample for the DialoguePlanning a Birthday PartyEmma: Daniela?Daniela: Here! In my bedroom.Emma: This Wednesday is Gerald’s birthday. Tony suggested that we should hold a party for him.Will you come?Daniela: This Wednesday? What kind of party?Emma: A disguise party.Daniela: Sounds interesting. Does Gerald know about the party?Emma: No. We intend to give him a surprise.Daniela: Where will it be held?Emma: At our place.Daniela: That means we’ll have to decorate the living room and do all the preparation? Emma: They’ll come and help us. We’ll do it together.Daniela: I don’t know. I’m up to my ears in work. I’m not sure I can spare one evening.Time for FunA Joke—The Mean Man’s PartyThe notorious cheap skate finally decided to have a party. Explaining to a friend how to find his apartment, he said,“Come up to the fifth floor and ring the doorbell with your elbow. When the door opens, push with your foot.”“Why use my elbow and foot?”“Well, gosh,” was the reply, “You’re not coming empty-handed, are you?”(From /lesson/joke/32453.html)参考译文吝啬鬼开Party一个非常吝啬的人最终决定要开一个聚会，当他对一个朋友说如何找到他家的时候，他说：“爬到五楼，用手肘按门铃，门开的时候，用脚推开。
研究生英语听说教程（引进版）听力原文（CHAPTER4）1
研究生英语听说教程（引进版）听力原文（CHAPTER4）1研究生英语听说教程（引进版）听力原文T ake on Listening:Listening and Speaking StrategiesLesson 4(1)Exercise 1Mother: Christine, it’s time to get up. You don’t’ want to be late for school.Chris: I don’t feel well, Mom.Mother: Oh, what’s wrong?Chris: I don’t know … I’m just a little under the weather, that’s all. Mother: Do you have a fever? Come here, let me feel your head…you don’t seem to have a fever; maybe I should ge t the thermometer…Chris: It’s mostly in my stomach.Mother: Well, what exactly is wrong? Are you nauseous; do you have pains; do you have heartburn?Chris: no, not exactly. My stomach just feels funny.Mother: Was it something you ate? You didn’t throw up, did you? Chris: No.Mother: What did you and your friends eat at the mall last night? Chris: The usual junk. You know, burgers and fries.Mother: I hope you weren’t drinking with your friends last night. You know what will happen if I find out that you were up to that again.Chris: Mom, I promised you I wouldn’t do that.Mother: I should hope not. I’m sure you know how many young people die behind the wheel every year because of alcohol. Drinking and driving do no mix.Chris: Yes, mother…Mother: You have to be very careful. There are a lot of kidsgetting into trouble just to be part of the “in” crowd.You shouldn’t have to do bad things just to be popular.Chris: Mom, please give it a rest. I don’t fell will, remember?Mother: Okay, now can you tell me what else hurts besides your stomach? Is your throat sore?Chris: A little.Mother: Ooh, it could be that nasty flu that’s going around. Three people in my office were out with it last week. Open your mouth; let me take a look.Chris: Aahh…Mother: Well, I can’t see any inflammation and your glands look normal. Chris: But it hurts.Mother: You certainly l ook fine. But then again, I’m not a doctor. Maybe we should give Dr. Lewis a call. Maybe he can see us this afternoon.Chris: No, it’s probably just a 24-hour flu. If I stay home and rest today, I’m sure I’ll be fine tomorrow.Mother: No, Christine, I’m a little concerned. I don’t know how to treat this. Your temperature seems normal; your throat looks fine and your color is good. But, something is wrong. I would feel better if we called the doctor.Chris: But it’s just my stomach!Mother: Is it diarrhea? Do you have cramps?Chris: Yes.Mother: Well, which one?Chris: Uh, cramps I guess.Mother: You guess? What’s going on here, Christine?Chris: I told you, I don’t feel—(TELEPHONE RINGS)Mother: Hang on a minute. Hello? Yes? Oh, hello dear.What’s th at? Oh, oh yes; I’ll be sure to tell her. Good-bye.Chris: Who was that?Mother: That was Kathy.Chris: What did she want?Mother: She called to wish you good luck today.Chris: Good luck?Mother: Uh-huh. Your big algebra test—that you didn’t study for las t night—is today.Chris: I, I, well…Mother: Sounds to me like your mysterious illness is a case of algebraitis, and I’ve got just the cure. You get dressed ri ght now and march off to school, young lady.Chris: But, I, I—Mother: And we’ll talk about this when you get home.Exercise 4Vocabulary in ContextNarrator: 1. SENTENCEChris: I’m just a little under the weather, that’s all.Narrator: CONTEXTChris: I don’t feel well, Mom.Mother: Oh, what’s wrong?Chris: I don’t know … I’m just a little under the weather, that’s all. Narrator: SENTENCEChris: I’m just a little under the weather, that’s all.Narrator: 2. SENTENCEMother: I’m sure you know how many young people die behind the wheel every year because of alcohol.Narrator: CONTEXTMother: I hope yo u weren’t drinking with your friends last night. You know what will happen if I find out that you were upto that again. Chris: Mom, I promised you I wouldn’t d o that.Mother: I should hope not. I’m sure you know how many young people die behind the wheel every year because of alcohol. Drinking and driving do not mix.Narrator: SENTENCEMother: I’m sure you know how many young people die behind the wheel every year because of alcohol.Narrator: 3. SENTENCEMother: There are a lot of kids getting into trouble just to be part of the “in” crowd.Narrator: CONTEXTMother: Drinking and driving do not mix.Chris: Yes, mother ….Mother: You shouldn’t have to do bad thing s just to be popular. Narrator: SENTENCEMother: There are a lot of kids getting into trouble just to be part of the “in” crowd.Narrator: 4. SENTENCEChris: Mom, please give it a rest.Narrator: CONTEXTMother: You have to be very careful. There are a lot of kids getting into trouble just to be part of the “in” crowd.Chris: Mom, please give it a rest. I don’t feel well, remember? Narrator: SENTENCEChris: Mom, please give it a rest.Narrator: 5. SENTENCEMother: It could be that nasty flu that’s going around.Narrator: CONTEXTMother: Ooh, it could be that nasty flu that’s going around. Three people in my office were out with it last week.Narrator: SENTENCEMother: It could be that nasty flu that’s going around.Narrator: 6. SENTENCEMother: Well, I ca n’t see any inflammation, and your glands look normal. Narrator: CONTEXTMother: Open your mouth; let me take a look.Chris: Aahh…Mother: Well, I can’t see any inflammation, and your glands look normal. Narrator: SENTENCEMother: Well, I can’t see any inf lammation, and your glands look normal.Narrator: 7. SENTENCEMother: I don’t know how to treat this.Narrator: CONTEXTMother: I don’t know how to treat this. Your temperature seems normal; your throat looks fine and your color is good. But, something is wrong. I would feel better if we called the doctor.Narrator: SENTENCEMother: I don’t kn ow how to tre at this.。
新探索研究生英语(提高级)视听说教程U4混合式教学指导手册
Unit 4 ChangePart 1 Overview of the unitUpon completion of this unit, the T is expected to enable Ss to:Knowledge •know about how people react to change in life•learn about the concepts related to change and the past•understand the relationship between change and permanenceSkills Listening skill•follow the way a discussion develops•listen to annotate presentation slidesCritical thinking skill•evaluate deductive argumentsSpeaking skill•give group presentations•give a group presentation about proposed solutions for dealing with change Unit taskPeriods 1 & 2Check Ss’ online study (Warming up, Academic listening) Introduce the topic; deal with the video in Warming upbased on Ss’ online performance 20 min Go through Academic listening 1 based on Ss’ online performance 30 min Go through Academic listening 2 based on Ss’ online performance 30 min Deal with Getting the skill in Critical thinking20 min Ask Ss to do the oral practice of Academic listeningAsk Ss to preview A cross-cultural view and Academic communicationPeriods 3 & 4 Check Ss’ online study (A cross-cultural view, Academic communication)Deal with A cross-cultural view30 min Introduce the objectives of Academic communication;analyze the speaking model 15 min Go through the speaking skill based on Ss’ online performance 5 min Lead a thorough discussion and help Ss finish themini-project in Skill enhancement20 min Guide Ss to finish the speaking task step by step 30 min Ask Ss to upload the recordings of their presentations and complete self-evaluationHow people react to changeDenial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance. People usually go through these five emotions, or “stages,” when faced with a major shock in life. This “stage theory” was introduced by psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross in her best-selling book On Death and Dying. It explains the psychological transition that occurs when we are facing death, whether that of someone we love or our own. Now it is also applied to the internal emotional journey we experience when dealing with any momentous change, disappointment or loss, or with a significant transition in life.Part 2 A detailed teaching guideLet’s take a closer look at the five stages.1. Denial. After the initial shock, people could be “in denial” by using a temporary defense mechanism to refuse to believe it. What they have been told is not true, they insist. For instance, a dying patient may believe the medical test result is wrong, the diagnosis is somehow mistaken, or there’s a cure.2. Anger. When people understand the gravity of their situation, they often become angry. Some may be angry at their life while others look for someone else to blame. They may react with strong emotions, with comments like: “Why me? It’s not fair!” or “Who did this to me?”3. Bargaining. When people are at the bargaining stage, they think of actions or promises they’re willing to do if their life could be restored to how it was before. They think about “what if-?” or “only if-?” and wish things could be done differently. They may negotiate with fate by promising to change a bad habit, do good works, or donate money to a cause if their life could go back to “normal.”4. Depression. People start facing reality and the inevitability of the change they’ve experienced at this stage. This leads them to feel sadness, fear, regret, guilt and other negative emotions. They may seem listless and indifferent, pushing others away and experiencing numbness that takes all the joy out of life.5. Acceptance. Acceptance means people start to learn to live with the change and readjust accordingly. A calm mind, stable emotions, and acknowledgement of what they can and cannot do are typical responses.The five stages are non-linear. They may happen in any order. Some people do not experience all five stages, and some find their feelings are quite different with different changes. Nevertheless, this model has been used by business leaders and therapists to understand where a person is at emotionally when confronting a crisis such as an illness, accident, financial loss, divorce or unemployment. Based on the model, many businesses create support systems for those on the path of change to help them adapt to it.Teaching suggestions1Introduce the unit topic by asking Ss questions about the major changes in their life and their emotional reactions to the changes. Then summarize the answers from Ss and bring up the topic of common reactions to change.2Ask Ss to watch the video and finish Task 2.3Check their answers for Task 2.4Use the following questions to check Ss’ understanding of the video.1)What are the five stages that people go through when faced with a major change in life?2)Why do people tend to refuse to believe the change initially?3)What are the typical responses in the acceptance stage?4)Do the five stages happen in linear time?Ss’ answers may be:1)The five stages are denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance.2)Because it is a temporary defense mechanism for self-protection.3)A calm mind, stable emotions, and acknowledge of what they can and cannot do.4)No, they don’t. They may happen in any order.Reference answersTask 1 Open-ended.Task 2Stages Reactions(D) Denial A. If I made another choice, this wouldn’t have happened.(C) Anger B. This is not going away so I might as well face it.(A) Bargaining C. This is just not fair and I won’t accept it.(E) Depression D. This can’t be happening to me.(B) Acceptance E. I give up. What’s the point?Task 31. I think “depression” is the most difficult stage to get through. In this stage, people are reluctant to meet others, so they have to face the issue and get through the whole stage all by themselves.2. Open-ended.Listening 1 All change, pleaseAll change, pleaseCHRIS: We know why we’re here, right? You’ve all read the directive?HAILEY: Sure, Chris, but it doesn’t make any kind of sense. Why change something that’s working perfectly well for some system that’s too complicated to even understand? Am I alone in thinking that this is just change for change’s sake?CHRIS: No, come on Hailey. It’s not that. We have to keep ahead of the game … What works now isn’t going to work in five, ten, fifteen years, right? We have to change or die—it’s a cut-throat world out here in advertising! HAILEY: OK, you’re making it sound a little bit Hollywood … We’re just a small business, not Wall Street … But anyway, what can we actually change? Do you have any concrete ideas?CHRIS: Yes, that’s why we’re having this meeting. I’ve been doing some research, looking at the competition, asking questions … So, let’s start the ball rolling … I think there are three main areas we can improve by updating our approach to technology.RASHID: Which are?CHRIS: Well, first of all, why are we here? In this room, I mean. Couldn’t we be having this meeting from our offices, using an online tool? So, the first one is communication. And not just here, but also meeting clients online. HAILEY: Oh, come on, how’s that going to work? You know as well as I do that clients want to meet face to face, to feel that someone actually cares about them! I don’t believe they’ll want to give that up. Online meetings just don’t work.CHRIS: We can meet face to face, too. It’s just a question of deciding what needs to be done face to face and what can be done just as well online. Remember, too, that we can record online meetings, which is a lot easier than taking minutes, and we can go back over them and get closer to the customer needs. And, off the record, it’ll be a big time saver for everyone—we’ll be off home earlier …HAILEY: True, I suppose … But isn’t the technology a little bit clumsy? When I’ve been in online meetings, there are always technical problems—I can see the client, but they can’t see me, that kind of thing. It just never works like it’s supposed to!CHRIS: I do know what you’re talking about, Hailey. Yes, absolutely, we have to get the technology right—and we’ll need proper training and support.RASHID: If we’d known about this last year, we could’ve taken advantage of inviting Jackie to a few meetings before she got promoted. She is a real hotshot on technology. She knows all the software and … CHANDINI: Excuse me, Chris, if I may ask a question. Sorry, Rashid … what you’re saying is really worrying me. I don’t see how we can be giving presentations about our campaigns online! It just isn’t feasible, at all. I hear what you’re saying, but I can’t see how it will actually work in practice.CHRIS: Chandini, you’ve put your finger on the main limitation of this, but as I said, we don’t have to be rigid about using technology for every meeting. Presenting a new campaign would definitely have to be done in the old way, face to face, of course. Can I move on to the next thing?CHANDINI: Sure, go ahead, Chris. Sorry to sound negative. And sorry, Rashid, I shouldn’t have interrupted you, but I feel very strongly about this. I don’t believe in all these fashions and fads!CHRIS: No, Chandini. You don’t sound negative at all. That’s why we want to talk about it—we need your input. So, anyway, the second big change will be in the way we store documents. The plan is to do away with paper completely. We’re going to be a paperless office, as far as possible. Anyone wanna share your thoughts on this? RASHID: Yes, to be honest, I can’t believe I’m hearing this. One word comes to mind—security. We all know how easy it is to hack into a computer system. Absolute discretion is key to our business. Once a competitor gets a glimpse of a proposed advertising campaign, we may as well throw it in the trash.CHANDINI: That’s absolutely right, Rashid! How can we guarantee security if everything is going online? And I have all my files. I’ve spent the last two years improving my paper-based systems—you know how things accumulate—I wouldn’t have bothered if I’d known we were going to get rid of all the paper and leave ourselves vulnerable online.CHRIS: Look, I don’t know all the ins and outs of it, but I can tell you that we’ll be getting a very secure system. We’re going to employ a company to advise us, but I do also know that we’ll have to enforce very strict guidelines for everyone, in terms of passwords, and so on. And we’ll restrict access to the most sensitive information to a very few senior partners. As for the files, we can compile a list of things that we need to scan online and store the rest in a secure vault.HAILEY: OK, maybe you’re right … but I have my doubts. We read about security breaches at the highest government level … So, how are we going to protect ourselves? It will be impossible … well, anyway … So Chris, what’s the third thing? You said there were three.CHRIS: Ah, yes. This might be the most … let’s say, controversial of the new measures … Alex, you know, Alex, the new head of infrastructure, has decided that we’re going to move to tablets, instead of laptops … She thinks that they’ll present a more modern image to our clients …CHANDINI: I’m sorry. I’m completely lost for words. How can we do our work on a tablet? They’re good for simple tasks and some fun—I know, my children use one at home—but they simply aren’t designed for sophisticated creative work!CHRIS: Don’t worry, Chandini, you’ll keep your desktop computer to do all your work on. It’s just for when we meet clients, which as I said, we’ll continue to do … Alex wants us to project a kind of “Silicon Valley” image, I guess … She thinks we come across as dated. And she also wants to change the way we dress. No more ties for the men, apparently …RASHID: Well, that’s one good thing anyway! I hate wearing a tie, especially in this weather. Back home nobody in advertising wears a tie …Words & tipsWords and expressionsdirective n. 正式指令，指示cut-throat adj.竞争激烈的；残酷竞争的start the ball rolling 开始某事，使某事发生hotshot n. 红人；高手put your finger on sth. 确切地明白，弄清，准确地指出（错误、不同或异常之处）rigid adj. （人）顽固的，不通融的；（方法、体制等）严格死板的，僵化的fad n. 一时的狂热；时尚，风尚discretion n. 谨慎，慎重ins and outs n.（复杂的局面、难题、体系等的）详情、细节vault n.（贵重财物的）保管库，保险库come across as 给人的印象是……Proper namesChris 克里斯（人名）Hailey 黑莉（人名）Hollywood 好莱坞（美国地名，常用来指美国电影业）Wall Street 华尔街（美国纽约的一条街，美国最重要的金融中心）Jackie 杰姬（人名）Rashid 拉希德（人名）Chandini 昌迪尼（人名）Alex 亚历克丝（人名）Silicon Valley 硅谷（美国计算机工业中心）Cultural notesIn the listening material, Rashid and Chandini speak with non-standard accents. English is spoken by millions of people worldwide, sometimes as a first language and often as a learned second or third language. Users of English in today’s world need to be prepared to deal with different accents and interact with different varieties of English. It is suggested to gain exposure to different accents through listening to and watching materials from all around the world. When you are listening to different accents, practice identifying the key features of each accent. Varieties of English can also differ in the specific vocabulary used. Researching differences and asking for clarification can help.Before you listenTask1 Match the words and expressions with their definitions.(G) 1. come across as (phr. v.) A. to get rid of something(F) 2. cut-throat (adj.) B. very strict and difficult to change(D) 3. directive (n.) C. a quick look at someone or something that does not allow youto see them clearly(A) 4. do away with (phr. v.) D. an official order or instruction(H) 5. feasible (adj.) E. weak or easily hurt physically or mentally(C) 6. glimpse (n.) F. describing situations when people compete with each otherin an unpleasant way(B) 7. rigid (adj.)G. to behave in a way that makes people believe that someone has aparticular characteristic(E) 8. vulnerable (adj.) H. able to be made, done, or achievedTask 2 Complete the sentences with the following words and expressions. Change the form if necessary. come across as cut-throat directive do away withfeasible glimpse rigid vulnerable1. The employer is rigid about enforcing the new policy.2. John comes across as / came across as a very intelligent man.3. Should a company directive be followed without question?4. What household items could you happily do away with?5. What makes companies or people vulnerable in the modern world?6. Is it feasible to expect people to change household goods so often?7. Do businesses do better in a(n) cut-throat environment, or would cooperation be more effective?8. We only had a quick glimpse of the river.Task 3 Answer the following questions.1. What can we do differently now at home, in the classroom, or in the workplace thanks to technology?2. Which of these changes have you experienced personally? Do you like these changes? Why or why not? Reference answers:1. At home: Smart home devices such as smart door locks, displays and lights allow people to use their devices by remote control and enjoy customized services.In the classroom: Students now could have online classes anywhere and anytime. Teachers could use the statistics to better understand students’ learning behavior and effects and create tailor-made plans for different students.In the workplace: Digital tools such as the cloud platform and real-time communication apps help employees have better teamwork and improve their work efficiency.2. Open-ended.Global listeningTask 1 Listen to All change, please and choose the best answer to each question you hear.1. Where does the discussion happen?A. At an international university.B. At a film school.C. At an advertising company.D. At a technology company.2. What does Chris want to change?A. The standard operating procedure.B. Their approach to technology.C. Organizational culture.D. Business scope.3. Which is NOT included in the topics?A. Network upgrades.B. Online communication.C. Storing information.D. Using tablets.4. What worries the speakers most about the paperless proposal?A. Technical problems.B. Security.C. Initial costs.D. Health concerns.5. Why does Alex want to replace laptops with tablets?A. To save money.B. To save space.C. To install more applications.D. To present a more modern image.Close listeningTask 1 Listen to All change, please again and decide whether the following sentences are true or false.1. Chris argues that though a system works now, it might not work in the future.2. Hailey agrees that clients are no longer interested in face-to-face meetings.3. Chris suggests that recording meetings may be a negative action.4. Rashid mentions a colleague who could have helped with technical problems.5. Chris explains that an outside company will be totally responsible for all levels of security.6. Hailey suggests that even top-level organizations face security issues.7. Chandini knows about working on tablets from her domestic situation.8. Rashid agrees that Chris’ final point is a good idea.Answers:1. T2. F (You know as well as I do that clients want to meet face to face, to feel that someone actually cares about them!)3. F(Remember, too, that we can record online meetings, which is a lot easier than taking minutes …)4. T5. F (We’re going to employ a company to advise us, but I do also know that we’ll have to enforce very strict guidelines for everyone, in terms of passwords, and so on.)6. T7. T8. TTask 2 Answer the following questions according to what you have heard.1. How do the speakers react to the upcoming changes? Why is change important in an organization?2. What do you think of the changes? Are they good ideas? Give your reasons.Reference answers:1. Chris actively promotes the changes, while the other speakers question the necessity and effects of the changes and they seem reluctant to accept them.Change in an organization is important because it helps to encourage innovation, allow employees to learn new skills and explore new opportunities. Change helps an organization stay competitive in the cut-throat world.2.I agree with Chris’ view on change. As he mentioned in the discussion, “we have to keep ahead of the game … what works now isn’t going to work in five, ten, fifteen years …,” change is necessary for a company to grow and stay competitive. As for the ideas, I think online meetings and the paperless office are good ones, because these tools can improve work efficiency, and they are more environmentally friendly compared with traditional business tools. But replacing laptops with tablets is not a reasonable proposal because tablets have many disadvantages regarding storage, security, and compatibility.Task 3 Work in pairs to discuss the following question.What are the challenges of working with and without technology?Reference answers: 1) With technology:Lack of technical training: It may take a lot of time and effort to adapt to new techniques or facilities.Concerns about cybersecurity: Businesses need to protect sensitive intellectual property data, financial documents, and customer information.Concerns about stability: The technology may fail to work when people need it most. For example, poor internet connection, crashed websites, or invalid service may affect and even harm the business. 2) Without technology:Too much paperwork, lower work efficiency, and poorer communication are some of the major challenges.Academic listening skillMini-lecture Watch the mini-lecture and learn about the skill of followingthe way a discussion develops.Task 1 Listen to All change, please again and identify what each person does in each stage. IntroductionChris starts the discussion.Hailey 1) challenges / supports the changes. Chris 2) questions / justifies the changes. Topic 1Chris introduces the topic of online communication.Chris 3) outlines / questions the advantages of online meetings. Hailey 4) questions / agrees with the effectiveness of technology. Rashid 5) makes / asks for a suggestion.Chandini expresses 6) satisfaction with / concern about the changes. Topic 2Chris introduces the topic of storing information. Rashid 7) identifies / stops a threat.Chris 8) challenges / reassures the group. Topic 3Chris introduces the topic of tablets.Chandini 9) argues against / supports the topic.Chris 10) disagrees with / explains the reasons for the decision.Teaching suggestionsClose listening1Ask Ss to read the questions in Task 2. Then play the recording. Ask Ss to take notes while listening. 2 Ask Ss to work in pairs. Ss take turns to answer questions.3After the discussion, the T invites 1 or 2 Ss to share their answers with the whole class. The T makescomments on the Ss’ answers.You can watch the video on Ucampus.4Ask Ss to read the question in Task 3. Ss think individually for 1 minute, and then jot down several points of the challenges of working with technology and without technology.5Ss work in groups to share and compare their ideas with their group members.6The T invites 1 or 2 Ss to share their answers with the whole class. Finally, the T makes comments on the Ss’ answers.Extension activityDuring the pandemic, taking online courses has become “new normality” for many college students. The T can extend the topic by asking Ss how they feel about this change and encourage Ss to summarize the benefits and challenges of online learning.Academic listening skill1Log on Ucampus and present the task. Ask Ss to go through the structure of the group discussion. Then play the audio to check their answers.2Ask Ss to identify signpost language that shows each speaker’s role and attitude in the group discussion.Oral practiceTask 1 The following sentences will help you talk about changes in the workplace. Translate the Chinese in brackets into English using the words and expressions you’ve just learned, and then record each sentence.1. We have to change or die—it’s a cut-throat (竞争激烈的) world out here in advertising!2. I don’t see how we can be giving presentations about our campaigns online! It just isn’t feasible (可实行的),at all. I hear what you’re saying, but I can’t see how it will actually work in practice.3. You’ve put your finger on the main limitation of this, but as I said, we don’t have to be rigid (死板的) about using technology for every meeting.4. Once a competitor gets a glimpse (一瞥) of a proposed advertising campaign, we may as well throw it in the trash.5. Alex wants us to project a kind of “Silicon Valley” image, I guess … she thinks we come across as (给人的印象是……) dated.Task 2 You will hear three clips of the conversation. Each clip will be played only ONCE. After you hear a tone, please repeat the exact words the second speaker has said. You may take some notes while you listen.1.HAILEY: Why change something that’s working perfectly well for some system that’s too complicated to even understand? Am I alone in thinking that this is just change for change’s sake?CHRIS: No, come on Hailey. It’s not that. We have to keep ahead of the game … What works now isn’t going to work in five, ten, fifteen years, right?2.HAILEY: When I’ve been in online meetings, there are always technical problems—I can see the client, but they can’t see me, that kind of thing. It just never works like it’s supposed to!CHRIS: I do know what you’re talking about, Hailey. Yes, absolutely, we have to get the technology right—and we’ll need proper training and support.3.CHANDINI: Sorry to sound negative. And sorry, Rashid, I shouldn’t have interrupted you, but I feel very strongly about this. I don’t believe in all these fashions and fads!CHRIS: No, Chandini. You don’t sound negative at all. That’s why we want to talk about it—we need your input. Listening 2 Perspectives on the pastPerspectives on the pastPROFESSOR SIMPSON: OK, so I’m going to start this session on nostalgia with a brief introduction to the prevailing theories within neuroscience—that is, what happens in the brain when a person is feeling nostalgic. The practical aspects of this will be picked up later by Dr. Hossam and Stephen Johnson in their presentations. Dr. Hossam will address the sunk cost fallacy, a fascinating exploration of reactions in the present to decisions made in the past. Stephen will finish by examining the legacy issues faced by many companies nowadays, particularly in the area of technology.Now, from a theoretical perspective, we need to remember that nostalgia is a universal experience. Studies show it starts from an early age, around eight, and, regardless of culture, research shows that people feel nostalgic for aspects of their personal histories. What interests me is what changes are observable in the brain when a subject experiences nostalgia—what is the actual mechanism of nostalgia, if you like—and what triggers those changes. Looking at these two aspects will enable us to consider how nostalgia relates to other psychological phenomena. And then we can use this understanding in the field of behavioral sciences, which Dr. Hossam will explain more about, and economics—Stephen Johnson’s area.PROFESSOR SIMPSON: So, starting with the triggers, the most obvious stimulators of nostalgia are meeting old friends, hearing music, especially music we listened to between the ages of 12 and 22, and childhood smells, food, and so on—the French writer Proust springs to mind, assuming you are familiar with his novels. But, surprisingly I think, these are not actually the most common triggers. According to a series of studies published in 2006 in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, the most common appears to be bad moods. Now, these moods may sometimes be a result of loneliness, which seems a natural cause-effect, but actually any bad mood appears to trigger nostalgia. And so, by the way, does being cold.So there are some fundamentals from a neuroscientific perspective. There are many practical applications of this science of nostalgia, which Dr. Hossam and Stephen will tell you more about now. Dr. Hossam …DR. HOSSAM: Thank you. Now, as Professor Simpson has noted, my area is behavioral science. Today, I’m focusing on what we call the “sunk cost fallacy.” As you may know, this is the mistake we are prone to making when we take into account prior costs when making a decision on whether or not to continue a course of action—whether to “throw good money after bad” as the old proverb has it …This sunk cost fallacy does seem to be an inherited instinct, similar to nostalgia, as outlined by Professor Simpson,which guides us to poor choices in the present. People have a tendency to continue with a plan of action just because they have invested in it—time and / or money—not because it is a good strategy now. But this does lead us to question why we have developed this behavior … Perhaps “not giving up” has some hidden benefits? When we make the initial decision, we have good reasons for making it, provided that we are trying to act rationally, of course. However, once time has gone by, we have a strong tendency to forget our initial reasons. We then find ourselves in a difficult position in the present, when we have put in time and money, and not yet reached the desired outcome, do we continue with our actions, though they require more effort, time, money, or whatever … or do we cut our losses and refuse to invest any further?Now the fallacy theory is that usually we follow that instinct and keep going, in order to get something back from our investment. This can mean we end up spending far more than we would ever consider sensible, on an outcome that simply isn’t worth it. Most business advisors say this is a mistake. However, there is also an argument that the feeling that prevents us from giving up and walking away is a memory of just how important the initial decision was. The fact that the feeling remains means that we need to at least seriously try to uncover the original reasons for making the choice, and consider these before deciding to walk away from the present problem.STEPHEN JOHNSON: OK, thank you, Professor Simpson and, uh … Dr. Hossam. So, I’m here to talk about a very specific business problem relating to the past and nostalgia. On the surface, it may not seem to have much to do with what our previous speakers were describing, but I hope you’ll see the connections shortly. The problem I’m talking about concerns “legacy systems.” These are defined as technological systems which were good in their day, but which are now no longer good enough for today’s business world.So what do you do when your computer system is too old to do the job properly? Easy, you say—just change it, upgrade it. Well, I’ve got bad news for you: It’s not that easy, unfortunately. For a complex company such as a major bank, changing the computer system is a major strategic decision. I’m not talking about a change, but a complete transformation of every system, every process, every role. There is the cost, the security implications, and the data transfer—for a big bank with millions of customers worldwide, it’s a nightmare. So many things can go wrong in the changeover, but … Well, without change the company is locked into an outdated system, a legacy system, that holds them back, prevents innovation and—and this is at the root of the problem—it leaves them vulnerable to competition by smaller, more flexible banks with up-to-date systems.Part of the problem is an unwillingness to change. After all, the system worked before, the bank was profitable and, as we said, has millions of supposedly satisfied customers. Why change? And, of course, everyone has adapted their own skills to match how it works—or doesn’t work … Now, the connection to Professor Simpson’s area should be becoming evident … As she has already said, nostalgia is a neurological phenomenon, rooted in our evolutionary past … so it’s not easy to override except with a real effort … Instincts die hard! To effect change, you have to focus on the outcome and give up worrying about the huge amount of prior work and cost. And as already highlighted by Dr. Hossam, the sunk cost fallacy is a factor in any decision where work and money have already been expended.Words & tipsWords and expressionsneuroscience n. （研究大脑的）神经科学stimulator n. 刺激物spring to (sb’s) mind （某人）马上想到prone adj. 易遭……的；很有……可能的；有……倾向的changeover n. （活动、体制或工作方法的）改变，转变，变更。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT4课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)
UNIT41. Think for a moment about your own life — the activities of your day, the possessions you enjoy, the surroundings in which you live. Is there anything you don’t have at this moment that you would like to have? Anything that you have, but that you would like more of? If your answer is “no,” then congratulations — either you are well advanced on the path of Zen self-denial, or else you are a close relative of Ted Turner . The rest of us, however, would benefit from an increase in our material standard of living. This simple truth is at the very core of economics. It can be restated this way: we all face the problem of scarcity.2 Almost everything in your daily life is scarce. You would benefit from a larger room or apartment, so you have a scarcity of space. You have only two pairs of shoes and could use a third for hiking; you have a scarcity of shoes. You would love to take a trip to Chicago, but it is difficult for you to find the time or the money to go — trips to Chicago are scarce.3 Because of scarcity, each of us is forced to make choices. We must allocate our scarce time to different activities: work, play, education, sleep, shopping, and more. We must allocate our scarce spending power among different goods and services: food, furniture, movies, long-distance phone calls, and many others.4 Economists study the choices we make as individuals and how those choices shape our economy. For example, the goods that each of us decides to buy ultimately determine which goods business firms will produce. This, in turn, explains which firms and industries will hire new workers and which will lay them off.5. Economists also study the more subtle and indirect effects of individual choice on our society. Will most Americans continue to live in houses, or — like Europeans will most of us end up in apartments? Will we have an educated and well-informed citizenry? Will museums and libraries be forced to close down? Will traffic congestion in our cities continue to worsen, or is there relief in sight? These questions hinge, in large part, on the separate decisions of millions of people. To answer them requires an understanding of how people make choices under conditions of scarcity.6. Think for a moment about the goals of our society. We want a high standard of living for all citizens: clean air, safe streets, and good schools. What is holding us back from accomplishing all of these goals in a way that would satisfy everyone? You probably already know the answer: scarcity. 1. 想一想你的生活：你每天从事的活动，你所拥有的财产，你所居住的环境。
经管类研究生实用英语听说最新版教学课件unit 4
4
Listening Comprehension Test
Section II While cycling in Europe has become fashionable again, in China many of those who cycle do so because it is an affordable means of transport. From a foreigner’s perspective, cycling when one first comes to China, seems daunting. But strangers need to be patient, they will find that after a few weeks of getting used to the traffic, they will come to find that despite the challenges it presents, nothing beats cycling for soaking up the atmosphere and the delicious smells from roadside dumpling vendors. They will also find that there are places where they can avoid the traffic. There the bicycle reverts to its former self.
4
Listening Comprehension Test
Section III
Many of the vehicles shown were local Chinese brands, which account for almost half of all vehicles produced in the nation. New energy vehicles have increased sales from a low base, with new Chinese firms planning to enter the electric car market. Government policy has boosted car sales, with a cut in smaller engine sales tax making vehicle purchases more attractive. The government has also provided state subsidies for the purchase of electric cars to reach a target of having five million electric cars on the roads by 2020. China’s well-functioning auto sector is a bright spot in the economy. Automobile consumption boosts consumer spending, which the government wishes to expand.
新探索研究生英语(提高级)unit4
新探索研究生英语(提高级)unit4全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Unit 4 of the Advanced Graduate English course, "Exploring New Research," focuses on introducing students to advanced research methodologies and techniques. This unit explores various aspects of conducting academic research, such as formulating research questions, developing research designs, collecting and analyzing data, and presenting research findings.One of the key topics covered in this unit is the importance of literature reviews in the research process. Students learn how to conduct comprehensive literature reviews to identify gaps in existing research, develop research questions, and situate their own research within the broader academic discourse. They also learn how to critically evaluate and synthesize existing research to build a strong theoretical foundation for their own studies.The unit also covers various research methodologies, including quantitative and qualitative research methods. Students learn how to design research studies, select appropriate research methods, and collect and analyze data.They also learn how to interpret research findings and draw meaningful conclusions from their research.In addition, the unit covers ethical considerations in research, such as protecting participants' rights, ensuring confidentiality, and obtaining informed consent. Students learn about the ethical guidelines and principles that govern research in their field and how to conduct research in an ethical and responsible manner.Overall, Unit 4 of the Advanced Graduate English course provides students with the knowledge and skills they need to conduct high-quality research in their field. By the end of the unit, students will have a solid understanding of research methodologies and techniques and be able to apply these skills to their own research projects.篇2Unit 4 of "New Explorations: Advanced Graduate English" focuses on the theme of globalization and its impacts on various aspects of society. The unit covers topics such as cultural diversity, global economy, and environmental sustainability. Through reading materials, discussions, and assignments,students are encouraged to critically examine the effects of globalization on both the local and global levels.One key aspect of globalization discussed in this unit is the cultural exchange and integration that occurs as a result of increased communication and travel. Students are tasked with researching how globalization has led to the spread of various cultural practices, beliefs, and values across different regions of the world. They are also asked to reflect on the potential benefits and challenges of cultural globalization, such as the preservation of local cultures and the emergence of a globalized culture.Another important topic covered in this unit is the impact of globalization on the global economy. Students are introduced to concepts such as multinational corporations, trade agreements, and global supply chains. They explore how these factors have led to the interconnectedness of economies around the world and the implications for economic development and income inequality. Through case studies and group projects, students analyze the role of globalization in shaping economic policies and practices.Environmental sustainability is also a key focus of Unit 4. Students learn about the environmental consequences of globalization, such as pollution, deforestation, and climatechange. They discuss the role of international agreements and organizations in addressing these issues and explore potential solutions for promoting sustainable development in a globalized world. Through research projects and presentations, students identify strategies for mitigating the negative environmental impacts of globalization and fostering a more sustainable future.In conclusion, Unit 4 of "New Explorations: Advanced Graduate English" offers a comprehensive overview of the complex and interconnected nature of globalization. By engaging with the diverse perspectives and challenges presented in this unit, students are equipped to critically analyze the effects of globalization on society and to develop informed opinions on how to navigate the opportunities and challenges of an increasingly interconnected world.篇3Unit 4 of New Explorations in Graduate English (Advanced) focuses on the topic of Education and Learning. In this unit, students delve into various aspects of education and learning, such as the importance of education, different types of learning styles, the impact of technology on education, and the benefits of lifelong learning.The unit begins by discussing the significance of education in today's society. It highlights how education can empower individuals, open up opportunities, and lead to personal growth and development. Students are encouraged to reflect on their own educational journeys and consider how education has shaped their lives.Next, the unit explores different learning styles and strategies. Students learn about visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learners, and how they can adapt their study habits to best fit their learning preferences. They also discover the benefits of active learning techniques, such as group discussions, hands-on activities, and problem-solving exercises.One of the key themes in this unit is the role of technology in education. Students examine how technology has transformed the way we learn, from online courses and virtual classrooms to educational apps and multimedia resources. They also discuss the challenges and opportunities that technology brings to the education sector, such as digital literacy and personalized learning experiences.The unit concludes by emphasizing the importance of lifelong learning. Students are encouraged to cultivate a growth mindset and embrace continuous learning throughout their lives.They explore the benefits of lifelong learning, such as staying relevant in a rapidly changing world, staying intellectually engaged, and pursuing new interests and passions.Overall, Unit 4 of New Explorations in Graduate English (Advanced) provides students with a comprehensive understanding of education and learning. By exploring key concepts and engaging in thought-provoking discussions, students are able to develop a deeper appreciation for the value of education and the importance of continuous learning in their personal and professional lives.。
研究生英语听说教程任林静第四版原文
研究生英语听说教程任林静第四版原文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Graduate English Listening and Speaking Tutorial 4th Edition by Ren LinjingThe Graduate English Listening and Speaking Tutorial, written by Ren Linjing, is a comprehensive and practical guide for graduate students looking to improve their English language skills. The fourth edition of this textbook has been updated to include new exercises, activities, and audio recordings to help students develop their listening and speaking abilities.The book is divided into several units, each focusing on a different aspect of English language learning. Unit 1 introduces students to basic listening skills, such as identifying main ideas, supporting details, and inferences. Students will also learn how to listen for specific information and make predictions based on context.In Unit 2, students will practice listening for different accents and dialects, as well as understanding different speech rates and levels of formality. This unit also includes activities to helpstudents improve their note-taking skills and summarize spoken information.Unit 3 focuses on academic listening skills, including understanding lectures, participating in seminars, and conducting research interviews. Students will learn how to listen for key points, recognize organizational patterns, and ask clarifying questions.Unit 4 covers effective speaking techniques, such as organizing ideas, using appropriate language, and practicing pronunciation. Students will also learn how to give presentations, participate in group discussions, and engage in debates.Throughout the book, students will have the opportunity to practice their listening and speaking skills through a variety of exercises, including role plays, discussions, and listening comprehension activities. The accompanying audio recordings provide additional practice and reinforcement of the concepts covered in the text.Overall, the Graduate English Listening and Speaking Tutorial by Ren Linjing is a valuable resource for graduate students seeking to improve their English language proficiency. With its practical approach, engaging activities, and comprehensive coverage of listening and speaking skills, thistextbook is sure to help students succeed in their academic and professional endeavors.篇2Title: Review of Graduate English Listening and Speaking Tutorial by Ren Linjing Fourth EditionIntroductionThe Graduate English Listening and Speaking Tutorial by Ren Linjing Fourth Edition is a comprehensive language guide designed specifically for graduate students who want to improve their English proficiency. With its focus on both listening and speaking skills, this book offers a wide range of exercises and activities that aim to enhance the students' ability to communicate effectively in English.Key FeaturesOne of the key features of this book is its organization and structure. The chapters are organized in a logical manner, starting with basic listening and speaking exercises and gradually moving towards more advanced topics. Each chapter also includes a variety of activities such as dialogues, listening comprehension exercises, pronunciation drills, and role-playing scenarios.The book also contains a wide range of listening materials that cover different accents and dialects, allowing students to familiarize themselves with various English-speaking styles. Additionally, the audio recordings that accompany the book provide ample opportunities for students to practice their listening skills and improve their understanding of spoken English.Furthermore, the book includes a section on speaking strategies and techniques, which provides practical tips on how to improve fluency, pronunciation, and overall communication skills. The exercises in this section focus on conversational skills, public speaking, and presentation techniques, helping students to build confidence and express themselves effectively in English.Pros and ConsOne of the major strengths of this book is its focus on practical skills that are essential for academic and professional success. The variety of activities and exercises offered in the book make it engaging and interactive, allowing students to practice and improve their English skills in a fun and effective way.However, some students may find the pace of the book to be too fast, especially if they are not already proficient in English.The book assumes a certain level of proficiency in the language, which may be challenging for some students who are just beginning their English language learning journey.ConclusionOverall, the Graduate English Listening and Speaking Tutorial by Ren Linjing Fourth Edition is a valuable resource for graduate students who want to enhance their English listening and speaking skills. With its well-organized structure, diverse listening materials, and practical speaking exercises, this book provides students with the tools they need to succeed in their academic and professional endeavors.篇3Research Graduate English Listening and Speaking Tutorial Lin Jing Fourth Edition Original TextIntroductionThe fourth edition of the Graduate English Listening and Speaking Tutorial by Lin Jing offers a comprehensive guide for graduate students to improve their English proficiency in listening and speaking. This textbook is designed to help students enhance their academic communication skills, as well asprepare them for presentations, discussions, and other communication tasks in an academic setting.Overview of the TextbookThe textbook is divided into six units, covering a range of topics from general academic communication skills to specific strategies for giving presentations and participating in discussions. Each unit includes listening and speaking activities, as well as exercises to practice key skills such as note-taking, summarizing, and presenting ideas clearly and effectively.Unit 1 focuses on building foundational listening skills, such as understanding main ideas, supporting details, and opinions in academic lectures and discussions. Students are introduced to strategies for improving their listening comprehension, such as identifying key words and phrases, and making connections between ideas.Unit 2 explores effective note-taking techniques, as well as strategies for summarizing and paraphrasing information from lectures and readings. Students learn how to organize and structure their notes, as well as how to use them to create a coherent summary of a lecture or presentation.Unit 3 focuses on developing speaking skills, such as presenting ideas clearly and persuasively, participating in discussions, and asking questions. Students learn how to structure their arguments, use appropriate language and tone, and engage with their audience effectively.Unit 4 covers strategies for giving presentations, including organizing content, using visual aids, and managing nervousness. Students learn how to create a compelling introduction, body, and conclusion for their presentations, as well as how to engage their audience and handle questions and feedback.Unit 5 explores strategies for participating in academic discussions, such as expressing opinions, asking for clarification, and responding to others' ideas. Students learn how to engage in active listening, contribute to the discussion, and build on others' ideas to create a dynamic and productive conversation.Unit 6 provides additional practice and review of key skills, as well as tips for continuing to improve English listening and speaking proficiency outside the classroom.ConclusionOverall, the Graduate English Listening and Speaking Tutorial by Lin Jing offers a comprehensive and practical guidefor graduate students looking to improve their English communication skills. By focusing on key listening and speaking strategies, as well as providing plenty of opportunities for practice and feedback, this textbook provides a valuable resource for students seeking to excel in academic communication tasks.。
研究生英语听说教程(提高级 第四版)教师用书
研究生英语听说教程(提高级第四版)教师用书第一部分教材简介1.1 教材背景《研究生英语听说教程(提高级)》是为了满足研究生英语听说教学需求而编写的教材。
第四版在前三版的基础上做了全面升级，内容更加丰富，涵盖了研究生英语听说教学的各个方面。
1.2 教材特点第四版的教师用书在保留前三版特点的基础上，进一步完善了教学理论和实践指导，帮助教师更好地进行听说教学。
教材内容紧抠学科专业，以实用性为目标，帮助研究生提高英语听说能力。
1.3 教材结构教材共分为六大单元，每个单元包含听力和口语练习内容，并配有丰富的教学资源和案例。
教师用书则对每个单元的教学内容进行了详细解读和分析，指导教师进行针对性教学。
第二部分教学指导2.1 教学目标教师用书首先明确了教学目标，即通过本教材的学习，学生能够提高英语听说能力，掌握一定的专业英语知识和技能，为日后的学术交流和专业实践做好准备。
2.2 教学策略教师用书提供了丰富的教学案例和实践经验，指导教师在教学过程中采取多种策略，如任务型教学、互动式教学等，激发学生学习的兴趣和动力，提高教学效果。
2.3 评估与反馈教师用书强调了教学评估和反馈的重要性，提供了具体的评估标准和方法。
通过考试、作业和课堂表现等多种方式，对学生的听说能力进行全面评估，并及时给予反馈，帮助学生及时纠正错误，提高学习效果。
第三部分教学资源3.1 多媒体教学教师用书指导教师充分利用多媒体教学资源，如录音、视瓶等，丰富教学内容，提高学生的听力水平，使学生能够更好地感知语言的语音、语调和语流特点。
3.2 教学案例教师用书提供了丰富的教学案例，帮助教师更好地设计课堂教学内容和实践活动，引导学生进行有针对性的听说练习，开拓学生的思维，提高语言表达能力。
3.3 教学参考教师用书还提供了丰富的教学参考书目和全球信息站资源，帮助教师深入了解英语听说教学理论和实践经验，提升自身的教学水平，更好地指导学生学习。
结语《研究生英语听说教程(提高级第四版)》教师用书作为教师的得力助手，通过对教材内容的详细解读和分析，对教师进行教学指导，提供丰富的教学资源，帮助教师更好地进行英语听说教学，促进学生的全面发展。
研究生英语听说教程(1-6单元)答案
听写填空一单元、P5 Outrageous shopping bills are a familiar 1. suffer that nightmare 2. genders 3. unaffordable4. sufferers5. more than 1 in 20 adults6. expensive electronics7. such a high number of compulsive shoppers inthe general population8. make finding a cure a priority二单元、P20 Tree-lighting Ceremony1. Location: Rockefeller Centre, New York2. Time: right before the Christmas Season3. Height of the tree: nearly 9 storeys4. Audience: people from all around the country5. Number of the lights on the tree: 300006. Size of the star topper: nearly 10 feet in diameter7.Material of the star topper: crystal8. Source of the tree: a home in Connecticut二单元、P29 Post-vacation depression includes1. sleeplessness2. loss of appetite3. irregular heartbeat4. feelings of despair5. tiredness6. stomachache7. trouble breathing8.anxiety 9. nervousness10. Space the month-long vacation out11. blow it all at once 12. returning on a Monday13. such blues are temporary14. don’t make important decisions15. a new period in life 16. personal growth三单元、P34 Reporter: In Vail, Arizona, a new school 1. in this case involves 2. impact 3单元、available4. resources5. What’s the point6. medium7. reasoning 8. normal 9. from their perspective10. opposed to just the one angle四单元、P51 Beijing opera is largely seen as a dying art 1. devoted 2. computer animator 3. discipline4.heart-stopping5. explanation in English6. much-loved legend7. supernatural8. challenge9. that’s within the rules of the opera.10. wins good reviews from both Western andChinese audience members11. expressing the more acceptable way12. But the popularity of Beijing Opera is fading fast四单元、P53 I hear Jill will make her presentation in class today1. That can’t be true2.for certain3. That’s impossible4. might be5. it’s likely that6. Quite possibly7.I know that for sure 8. No wonder五单元、P67 Thank you very, very much. Well, I just have1. challenge2.beat3. figure out4. definition5. recognize6. disability7. committed 8. tolerate discrimination9. that is tearing down barriers, both inarchitecture and in attitude10. who are helping people with disabilitieslive independent lives六单元、P82 Damage from acid rain is… "Earth and Sky".1. widespread2. falling on3. exactly4. to reliably measure5. assume6. pollutants7. Electrical utility plants 8. react with9. to get showered 10. with wind currents11. leach nutrients 12. combine with13.from fossil fuels 14. dedicated to听对话Listening to a conversation—单元、P3 1.A)She thinks Internet addiction is as serious as drug and smoking adiction1.A She thinks Internet addiction is as serious as drug and smoking addiction.2.B Internet addicts include both children and adults.3.B Some may get into trouble over money issues.4.D Internet addiction needs to be taken seriously and treated properly.二单元、P20 1.A)Tourism is a big and amazing business.1.B One can learn a lot about other people and customs through traveling.2.D To make a comparison so as to make his point clear.3.A They have some language problems and feel a bit afraid.三单元、P32 1.A)He thought it was a useful course.1.B He thought one could simply practice writing by oneself.2.A A person’s thinking patterns are shown in his writing.3.D The writer’s reading ability.4.D How to put writing skills into practice.5.B He will register for an essay-writing course.四单元、P49 1.A)He hoped he could write as well as his father.1.D He feared his handwriting would not impress his son.2.C Children spend a lot of time on the computer.3.A To call on more people to focus on handwriting.4.B Most people’s handwriting i s worse than their parents.五单元、P65 1.A)Finding a place to live in Habitat for Humanity.1.C Getting information about Habitat for Humanity.2.A It brought about a lot of changes in her life.3.B It’s a unique chance to perform a citizen s duty to help others.4.C To do one’s share for others is to make our world a better place to live.5.A Because Wilbur chose to ask her for the information needed.六单元、P81 1.A)Getting closer to the animals in the zoo.1.B Seeing a wild animal in the zoo.2.C Today’s zoos are good ha bitats for wild animals.3.D To prevent endangered animals from extinction.听短文—单元、P4 1.A)He feels ashamed about his son’s incompetence.1.B He feels the other boys are too competitive.2.D He thinks dancing is a way to relax in ones spare time.3.A Hobbies are supposed to bring pleasure to people.4.A The speaker simply wants to have a good time.二单元、无三单元、P34 1.A)She will be 100 years old on Wednesday.1.D She will celebrate her 95th birthday on Wednesday.2.B She is seeking a BA degree in religion.3.C She completed some of her courses on the Internet.4.B Her son and others will hold a birthday party for her.5.A Nola Ochs has set up a remarkable example as a lifetime learner.三单元、P43 1.A)Because they were homeless children.1.C Because they took part in a special hardship camp.2.B Growing vegetables.3.A Mountains that are far away.4.D Hardship camps can be an important part of an education for children.5.A They like the idea of organizing hardship camps and support it.四单元、P50 Barbie 1.A)The old-fashioned design.1.D The decreasing sales worldwide.2.A Toys need to be magical and creative.3.B Because Burbie stands for an outdate image of women.4.A Barbie dolls may disappear from the market.5.C The Barbie brand will expand to other entertainment fields.五单元、P66Mike Teeley… interview1.A)He was well mannered when talking with the speaker.1.B He was able to share the speaker’s feelings.2.D To tell the speaker that he was always ready to offer help.3.C One act of kindness can bring warmlh to those in need.六单元、P81 1.A)They are becoming extinct.1.C They are the threats to species.2.D It can show the importance of protecting the animals.3.B Doing community service reminds a citizen of their responsibility to protect animal.短对话Listening to short conversations一单元、P 12 1.A)He has only one hobby and no bad hobbies.1.B He thinks he can learn skills from good hobbies.2.C Stephen learns to be systematic from his hobby.3.D Roys real interest in fishing is sitting alone and doing nothing.4.B The farmer has held on to his hobby even though he met with great difficulties.5.D She thinks every addiction is as bad as the other.二单元、P27 1.A)Husband and wife.1.A Husband and wife.2.D A vacation is even more exhausting.3.D The woman is packing for her bus tour.4.B The bus was too worn out and uncomfortable.5.A 3 hours or so.三单元、P41 1.A)He is taking an extance examination.1.D He is at a job interview.2.A He suggests the woman keep trying until she gets it right.3.B To receive assistance from the teacher.4.D He wants to keep learning all his life.5.C The man’s idea is not feasible at all.四单元、P58 1.A) The woman is unhappy about……1.A The woman is unhappy about too many advertisements on TV.2.C He is interested in the history of cities shown in pictures.3.D It is about personality evident in an individual’s gestures.4.A The man is a Brazilian.5.A He wants to make his body stronger.五单元、P74 1.A)S he didn’t go to the party yesterday.1.A She didn’t go to the party yesterday.2.C The engine started as soon as they got on the plane.3.C Jason can take the test on another day.4.C Cheer up and you would be able to get a job soon.5.D He was criticized by the woman’ s mother all the way.六单元、P87 1.A)How to turn off taps properly.1.D How to protect water and trees in nature.2.C It is a good idea for people to make voluntary contributions.3.B Louisiana tornado killed 50 people4.C He feels it necessary to use animals in medical researches.5.D The two speakers have different opinions about the biggest pollution problem.长对话一单元、P13 1.A）Mark is a porker addict.1.D Mark is addicted to online games.2.C Ron is not a serious gaming addict.3.C Gloria hopes mark can control himself playing games.4.A Ron thinks gambling is more harmful than playing games.5.A Some gaming addicts make friends when playing together.二单元、P28 1.A) There are a lot of restrictions on tourists.1.B There is a large variety of animals there.2.D Tourists are not allowed to take pictures of wild animals there.3.D Go horseback riding.4.D It must be a famous geyser.5.B Putting out the campfire.三单元、P42 1.A) Hearing.1.B Smelling.2.D It means acquiring knowledge in one’s favourite way3.A Ted enjoys discussion with others.4.C Because mike once took a computer apart lo make observations.5.C Different people should develop their own suitable leaning styles.四单元、P59 1.A)Culture shock is caused by ……1.B Culture shock is caused when you feel unfamiliar with the social environment.2.C He might feel anxious, uneasy and frustrated.3.D He thinks one cannot learn about local culture well enough through a class.4.A Most local customs are learned through social life.5.B One can learn to be involved in a new culture step by step.五单元、P75 1.A)He is now a United States senator.1.D He was the oldest astronaut in space.2.B To do research on how and why people get old.3.C His trip implies what attitude the aged should take towards life.4.B He likes drinking very much.5.A The significance of Mr. Glenn’s shuttle trip into space.六单元、P88 1.A)There will be a lot of troubles to protect the environment.1.D Many things can be done to protect the environment.2.A Driving steadily will help protect the ozone layer.3.D Because they use much too many disposable products.4.C To buy a special “low-flow” shower head.5.B Things people can do to reduce pollulion.。
新探索研究生英语(提高级)视听说教程U4课件-periods3 (2)
新探索研究生英语（提高级）视听说教程U4课件periods31. Introduction本文档是针对新探索研究生英语（提高级）视听说教程U4课件中的第三部分进行的详细讲解和学习指导。
本课件的主要内容涵盖了阅读和听力方面的训练，旨在帮助研究生学生提高他们的英语综合能力。
在本课件中，我们将学习如何有效地阅读并理解一篇科技类文章，并通过听力练习来提高我们的听力技巧，并将这些技巧应用到日常生活和学习中。
2. Reading Comprehension在这个部分中，我们将学习如何阅读并理解一篇科技类文章。
本课件中的文章是关于在医学领域的应用的，让我们一起来看看这篇文章的主要内容和要点。
2.1 Article Summary本文介绍了在医学领域的应用。
随着技术的不断发展，医学界开始利用这些技术帮助医生诊断疾病和制定治疗方案。
这些系统可以通过分析大量的医学数据和病历来帮助医生做出准确的诊断，提高医疗质量和效率。
文章还介绍了一些具体的应用案例，包括基于机器学习的肺部癌症检测系统和智能手术等。
2.2 Key Points在阅读这篇文章时，我们需要关注以下关键点：•在医学领域的应用•系统如何帮助医生进行准确的诊断和治疗•基于机器学习的肺部癌症检测系统的工作原理•智能手术的作用和优势2.3 Reading Strategies为了更好地理解和掌握这篇文章，我们可以使用以下阅读策略：•在阅读前先浏览文章的标题和主要段落，了解文章的结构和主题。
•在阅读过程中，不要一字不差地读每个单词，而是着重关注文章的关键词和句子。
•使用上下文和文章的主题来推测词汇的意思，以避免频繁查词。
•尝试在脑海中形成文章的大致框架，将每个段落的主要内容连接起来。
•阅读完整篇文章后，对于关键点和重要的细节进行和复述。
3. Listening Skills本部分将专注于听力技巧的训练，通过听力练习来提高听力理解能力。
3.1 Listening Practice在本课件中，我们将进行一些专门设计的听力练习，这些练习将帮助我们提高听力技巧。
研究生英语阅读教程（提高级-第三版）教师用书.
研究生英语阅读教程（提高级-第三版）教师用书.新编研究生英语系列教程研究生英语阅读教程（提高级/第三版）Lesson 1Spillonomics: Underestimating Risk (1)Lesson 2Humbled by Nature, Humble by Culture (9) Lesson 3How We Broke the Murdoch Scandal (14)Unit Two Reading Biographies and Personal Recollections Lesson 4 BillClinton (21)Lesson 5Steve Jobs (39)Lesson 6 A Beautiful Mind (42)Unit Three Reading EssaysLesson 7 A Christmas Sermon on Peace (57)Lesson 8Left for Dead (64)Lesson 9Spell of the Rising Moon (68)Unit Four Reading Scientific andTechnical ArticlesLesson 10OurPicture of the Universe (74)Lesson 11Mind over Machine (87)Lesson 12 2 Inches Between Life, Death (95)Unit Five Reading Short Stories andNovelsLesson 13Cat in the Rain (101)Lesson 14The Stolen Party (106)Lesson 15 A Summer’s Reading (109)课文全文参考译文 (113)Unit One Reading News ReportsLesson 1Spillonomics: Underestimating RiskKEYS TO EXERCISES. Reading ComprehensionA.1. B (Paragraph 1: Years before the Deepwater Horizon rig blew, BP was developing a reputation as an oil company that took safety risks to save money.)2. C (Paragraph 1: None other than Joe Barton, a Republican congressman from Texas and a global-warmi ng skeptic… none other than: used to emphasize the surprising identity of a person or thing 正是，恰是)3. D (Paragraph 4: For all the criticism BP executives may deserve, they are far from the only people to struggle with such low-probability, high-cost events. Nearly everyone does.)4. B (Paragraph 4: When an event is difficult to imagine, we tend to underestimate its likelihood. This is the proverbial black swan.)5. C (Paragraph 6: After the 9/11 attacks, Americans canceled plane trips and took to the road. There were no terrorist attacks in this country in 2002, yet the additional driving apparently led to an increase in traffic fatalities.)6. B (Paragraph 7: When the stakes are high enough, it falls to government to help its citizens avoid these entirely human errors. The market, left to its own devices, often cannot do so.)7. D (Paragraph 8: Federal law helped them underestimate the costs.)8. A (Paragraph 10: The big financial risk is no longer a housing bubble. Instead, it may be the huge deficits that the growth of Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security will cause in coming years—and the possibility that lenders will eventually become nervous about extending credit to Washington.)9. A (Paragraph 12: Nothing like that has ever happenedbefore. Even imagining it isdifficult. It is much easier to hope that the odds of such an outcome are vanishingly small. In fact, it’s only natural to have this hope. But that doesn’t make it wise.)10. D (The whole text.)B.Reasons BehindWrong Actions Consequences Suggested SolutionsDeepwater HorizonObsession with profits Cost cutting BP should be fully aware ofSafety could not be the potential risks and spendguaranteed more money to make theirHuman weakness Underestimating the risksfacilities safer.Congress and the Obamaadministration should takeA 1990 Congress law put a Federal law helped BPsensible steps, like liftingGovernment policy cap on spiller’s liability for executives underestimatethe liability cap and freeingcleanup cost at $75 million. the costs of damages.regulators from the sway ofindustry.. V ocabularyⅡA.1. C2. B3. C4. B5. A6. D7. D8. D9. C10. AB.1. cap2. In the wake of3. proverbial4. stem from5. odds6. given7. come what may8. Far from9. sway 10. In retrospectⅢ. Cloze1. wisdom2. tend3. shrink4. unexpected5. puzzle6. came up with7. severe 8. altered 9. Regardless of 10. necessarilyⅣ. Translation1. 就连乔·巴顿，对全球变暖持怀疑态度、来自得克萨斯州的共和党众议员，都谴责BP 管理人员“对安全和环境问题表现得漠不关心”。
pdf 研究生英语 听说教程 教师用书
pdf研究生英语听说教程教师用书一、课程介绍与教学目标研究生英语听说教程是针对非英语专业研究生开设的一门必修课程，旨在提高学生的英语听说能力，培养其跨文化交流的能力，以满足全球化背景下对高素质人才的需求。
本课程的教学目标包括：1.提高学生的英语听力理解能力，使其能够听懂英语国家人士的日常对话和学术讲座；2.提高学生的英语口语表达能力，使其能够运用所学知识进行流利的英语交流；3.培养学生的跨文化交流意识和能力，使其能够理解和尊重不同文化背景的人士；4.培养学生的自主学习和合作学习能力，为其未来的学术研究和职业发展奠定基础。
二、教材结构与特点本教材共分为10个单元，每个单元包括听力练习、口语实践、文化拓展等内容。
教材的特点包括：1.内容丰富：涵盖了日常生活中的各个方面，如购物、旅行、家庭、教育等，以及学术领域的热门话题，如全球化、环境保护、科技创新等；2.难度适中：根据学生的实际水平，合理安排听力材料的难度和口语实践的话题，使其符合学生的认知发展规律；3.注重文化：通过介绍不同国家的文化习俗和价值观念，帮助学生了解世界各地的文化差异，培养其跨文化交流的能力；4.互动性强：设计了多种形式的听力练习和口语实践，鼓励学生积极参与课堂活动，提高其语言实际运用能力。
三、教学内容与安排本课程的教学内容主要包括以下几个方面：1.听力理解：通过听录音材料、观看视频等形式，培养学生的听力理解能力；2.口语实践：通过模仿、角色扮演、小组讨论等形式，培养学生的口语表达能力；3.文化拓展：通过介绍不同国家的文化习俗和价值观念，培养学生的跨文化交流意识。
4.教师可根据学生的实际情况，安排适当的教学内容，并根据实际情况进行调整和补充。
每个单元建议分配2-4课时，其中听力练习和口语实践是重点教学内容。
四、教学方法与技巧本课程的教学方法主要包括以下几种：1.任务型教学法：通过设计各种任务，引导学生积极参与课堂活动，提高其语言实际运用能力；2.情景教学法：通过模拟真实场景，让学生在实际语境中运用所学知识进行交流；3.合作学习法：通过小组讨论等形式，培养学生的合作学习和自主学习能力。
新探索研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程u4教师用书
新探索研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程u4教师用书“新探索研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程U4教师用书”旨在为研究生培养英语语言技能，助其实现一流英语水平。
本教程通过设计合理的教学环节，帮助研究生提升口语表达、听力理解和语法把握能力，提高英语用语的精准度，以促进学生英语学习进步。
研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程u4教师用书是一套丰富多样的教材，结合了英语听、说、读、写四方面的多元化内容，旨在帮助老师有效地指导学生掌握研究生英语(基础级)视听说的基本知识和技能。
下面就研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程u4教师用书分为以下4条内容：一、教材的特点1、教材的定位：研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程u4教师用书，旨在帮助老师有效地指导学生掌握研究生英语(基础级)视听说的基本知识和技能。
2、教材的内容：研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程u4教师用书，包括7个单元，涉及了8个子领域：语法精讲、口语表达、体验上口、话题对话、会话原板、影像体验、视听体验、写作策略，每一单元均由Unit Objectives、Text & Vocabulary、Language Connection、Listening & Speaking、Writing、Grammar in Use以及Thank You!等6大模块组成。
二、教材的使用目的1、提升学生的英语能力：研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程u4教师用书针对学生的具体情况，专业介绍了适合学生的升学测试考试的英语基础知识、学习技巧、考试技巧以及语法等内容，帮助学生提升英语水平。
2、培养学生的综合语言能力：该教材教学内容和形式丰富，突出活动性。
它既注重学生基础能力的提升，又提升学生英语运用能力，同时还为学生的综合语言能力的培养和发展带来便利。
三、教材的使用策略1、充分利用情境：研究生英语(基础级)视听说教程u4教师用书，从真实生活出发，采用实用性和趣味性相结合的方式，帮助学生丰富语言表达能力，并能够让学生学以致用。
新探索研究生英语(提高级)读写教程U4混合式教学指导手册
Unit 4 Change Part 1 Overview of the unitTeaching objectivesUpon completion of this unit, the T is expected to enable Ss to:OBJECTIVES•understand initiatives for change in the Rust Belt in the US; think about how to revitalize old industrial cities•understand different models of change management and their features; think about how to manage and adapt to changes•understand the development of China’s high-speed railway Knowledge & thinkingReading skill•ask questions while reading a text•recognize analogies to understand concepts / ideas Critical thinking skill•infer criticismAcademic writing skill•integrate sources in your writingLanguage development•use attributive language to attribute information to others •use participle clauses to make academic writing more succinct Language &skillsdeliver a speech on China’s high-speed railway Mini-project write a summary of an academic paper Writing taskA suggested teaching planPeriods 1 & 2 Ss’ online study Ss are expected to complete the following activities on Ucampus1Watch the mini-lecture of Unit orientation.2Think about the questions in Discussion point.3Read the text in Academic exploration 1 and finish the tasks in Reading & understanding.4Watch the mini-lecture of Getting the skill (AE1) (Asking questions while reading a text).5Watch the video in Developing cultural awareness (AE1) (China’s high-speed railway).6Read the text in Academic exploration 2 and finish the tasks in Reading & understanding.7Watch the mini-lecture of Getting the skill (AE2) (Recognizing analogies to understand concepts / ideas).8Watch the mini-lecture of Critical thinking (AE2) (Inferring criticism).Periods 3 & 4 Classroom teaching Discussion point & Academic exploration 1Introduce the topic of the unit (Change) by dealing with Discussion point. 10 min Check Ss’ online study of Getting the skill (Asking questions while reading atext) by asking Ss to do the tasks. 10 min Check Ss’ understanding of the text; deal with Interpreting the text andThinking critically. 20 min Wrap up the text by doing text analysis. 5 min Deal with DCA (China’s high-speed railway ) and assign Ss to do themini-project. 10 min Academic exploration 2Check Ss’ understanding of the text; deal with Interpreting the text andThinking critically. 20 min Check Ss’ online study of Getting the skill (Recognizing analogies tounderstand concepts / ideas) by asking Ss to do the tasks. 10 min Wrap up the text by doing text analysis. 5 minPeriods 5 & 6 Classroom teaching Critical thinking, DCA mini-project & Academic writingCheck Ss’ online study of Critical thinking (Inferring criticism) by asking Ss todo the tasks.25 min Ask Ss to present their mini-projects to the class and make comments. 30 min Deal with Academic writing and ask Ss to finish the tasks. 25 min Wrap up the unit; assign Ss to finish the Writing task and do Review & checkon Ucampus; assign Ss to do online study of Unit 5. 10 minNote to teachers:The teaching plan is designed for a six-period class. If there are eight periods, the T can spend more time on Reading 1 & 2, DCA mini-project and extension activities. If there are only four periods, the T may focus on one text.Part 2 A detailed teaching guideDiscussion pointTeaching suggestions1Introduce Ss to the topic of “Change” by asking them to do some research on an invention of their choice and write an outline to show how that invention has impacted the world and has changed over time. Ask Ss to share their ideas. Offer feedback to them.2Guide Ss to go through the Things that have changed the world infographic; provide background information when necessary (e.g. about the significant impact of these changes).3Ask Ss to discuss the questions in pairs or small groups.4Ask 4–5 Ss to share their ideas with the whole class. Offer feedback on Ss’ ideas.Reference answers1Human beings are creative in nature. It is the theories put forward by the great minds and the experiments they have conducted that make technological advances and societal development possible.2These innovations and technological advances have tremendously changed the world, making life much easier, safer and more convenient. Take the Internet for example. It has revolutionized communication to the extent that it is now our most preferred medium of everyday communication. We can do almost everything through the Internet, like ordering food, shopping, sharing a moment with a friend, sending a picture over instant messaging, and reading news sourced from anywhere in the world with a click or two.3The Four Great Inventions in ancient China—printing, papermaking, the compass, and gunpowder—have greatly changed the world in different ways. Among many others are high-speed railways, e-commerce, mobile payments, and dockless bike sharing. These new great inventions have made it more convenient to travel, and to buy things.4I think in the near future, the 5G technology will bring about more changes. It will enable video meetings to have no technical delays. When we attend a concert of tens of thousands of people, we will be guaranteed excellent cell phone service. Besides, as artificial intelligence technology keeps advancing, home robots will make life easier for their human owners and they will be as affordable as a new computer.Extension activityThe ingenuity and creativity of ancient Chinese were the source of many inventions that have changed the world. After Ss have shared their ideas about the questions in Discussion point, divide them into small groups. Ask Ss to list five ancient Chinese inventions that were ahead of their times. Ask them to share their lists and explain how these inventions have changed the world.Academic exploration 1Reading 1Teaching suggestions1To warm up, ask Ss what they already know about the Rust Belt of the US. Information about this region could include its geographical location, history, industries, and transformation. Ask Ss to discuss possible ways to revitalize this old industrial area and why these ways could be effective.2Check Ss’ online study by asking them to explain difficult language points in Reading & understanding. Ask Ss if they have any questions about Words in use and Translation. If yes, explain these questions to them.3Check how well Ss could utilize the reading skill of asking questions while reading a text.• Ask Ss to finish the tasks in Getting the skill (Asking questions while reading a text).• Ask 3–4 Ss to share the questions they noted down as well as their reflections on their reading processes.• Re-emphasize the purpose and benefits of asking questions while reading (if necessary).4Draw Ss’ attention to the questions in Interpreting the text to deepen their understanding of the text. To help Ss better understand the text, ask Ss to write down any questions they have while reading. Ask Ss to share their answers to the questions in Interpreting the text with the whole class.If time permits, the T may ask Ss to do the Extension activity.5Refer Ss to Thinking critically. Have Ss discuss in pairs the questions in Sharing your opinions for a more in-depth understanding of the three regeneration initiatives and their benefits and challenges.6Ask Ss to work in groups to compare the old industrial base in Northeast China with the Rust Belt in the US, and discuss in what way these two regions are similar and / or different. Ask Ss to work collaboratively to answer the questions in Showing inspirations. Choose 2–3 groups to share their ideas with the whole class.Make comments and call Ss’ attention to their analyses of the similarities and differences. 主题陈述7Wrap up the text by doing text analysis (the T may refer to Text analysis).Extension activityAsk Ss to choose a city in the Rust Belt region and do research on its historical and current conditions. Questions to guide Ss’ research may include:•What products did the city mainly produce?•What were the impacts of manufacturing job loss?•How has the city revived or why has it failed to revive?Ask 3–4 Ss to share their research findings. Give whole-class feedback on their findings.Text analysisThe text introduces three initiatives (tourism, economic restructuring, and smart decline) for the regeneration of the Rust Belt in the US.The text follows a linear structure, meaning that the text has one central theme (evaluating the benefits and challenges of the three initiatives) and every part of the text contributes to this central theme. Para. 1 explains what the “Rust Belt” refers to and introduces the central theme of the text. Para. 2 explains why this area has been on the decline. Paras. 3–8 make up the body part of the text. They introduce the three initiatives in detail and analyze their benefits and challenges. Para. 9, the concluding paragraph, points out that none of the three initiatives has the potential to fully revitalize the Rust Belt. Towns and cities in the Rust Belt may benefit from a two-pronged approach, that is, using tourism and commerce to improve the local economy in order to increase the standard of living for the existing population without trying to return to population sizes of the past.Besides a clear linear structure, another feature of the text is the frequent use of noun phrases, which is a typical feature of academic writing. Noun phrases allow writers to include a great deal of information without using too many words, thus making a text more efficient and more “reader-friendly.” Examples of noun phrases can be found in the text. For instance, “Although once known for its booming industry, over the past three decades the area has come to be characterized by economic decline, population loss, and urban decay. Regeneration of this region has become a staple policy of presidential candidates, often dictating the implementation of country-, state-, and city-wide initiatives.” (Para. 1)Language pointsNew words and expressionsrustn. [U] the reddish-brown substance that forms on iron or steel when it gets wet 铁锈，锈Atoms of iron in the nail combine with atoms of oxygen from the humid air to form molecules of iron oxide, or rust. 钉子里的铁原子与潮湿空气中的氧原子结合后形成氧化铁分子，也就是锈。
研究生英语听说课件unit 4
The Chinese dragon culture is not the kind of worship, but rather a creative culture.In china, the dragon has an important position and influence. During the 5,000 years, Dragon has become a symbol of the China, a symbol of the Chinese nation, a symbol of Chinese culture, a symbol of the rapid advance of the great motherland.
Pre-discussion: Pair work
• What is the basis of Chinese culture? Find some key words to describe the characteristics of Chinese culture. • As the speech states, culture is always changing. Can you give some examples to support that argument? • What do you know about western culture?
研究生英语系列教材
听说教程（上）
LISTENING AND SPEAKING
Unit 1
Unit 4 Do as Romans Do
Content
Warm-up Listening for content Speaking for communication
Assignments
研究生英语听说教程提高级教师用书（第四单元）
研究生英语听说教程提高级教师用书（第四单元）Unit 4 DietWoman: Oh, no thanks, I think I'm OK. Listen, is it OK with you if we ask for the check now? I know that we're still eating, but I'm ina bit of a hurry.Man: No, sure, it's fine. Thanks. Excuse me, can...uh...we have the check,please?Number ThreeMan: What is it?Woman: You know, I'm not sure. I think it's...chicken.Man: Nhn-nhn, I think it's beef.Woman: Ugh, the vegetables look very strange, don't they?Man: Oh, well, I'm not really very hungry.Woman: Oh, me neither.Man: I'll just taste it...You'll never guess!Woman: What?Man: It's fish. And the sauce is actually pretty good. I thought it would be bland , but it's not at all. Here ,try it. It's not bad. Woman: Oh, all right...Ugh! It's awful. It's too salty.Man: Well, I like it.Woman: Oh,now I need some more soda.I wish they'd come back with the drink cart again.Man: Here,have yourself some of mine.Then we'll ask the flight attendant for two more cans.Task 4Listening:You will hear two short conversations.Some people are ordering food at a restaurant.Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear.Waiter: Are you ready to order,sir?Man: Yes,I think so.Darling?Woman: I'll have the vegetable soup to start...Waiter: The vegetable soup.And to follow,madam?Woman: The salmon with a salad.Waiter: And for you,sir?Man: I'll have the vegetable soup too,please.Waiter: Two vegetable soups.Man: And I'll have a steak,I think.Waiter: How would you like it, sir?Rare,medium,or well done?Man: Very rare--blue if you can.Waiter: Thank you very much,sir.Would you like to see the wine list?Waiter: Ready to order?Customer: Yes,I'd like the potato soup.Waiter: White or brown bread?Customer: White,please.Waiter: And to follow?Customer: Just a chicken salad,please.Waiter: And to drink?Customer: A mineral water.Waiter: Still or sparkling?Customer: Sparkling,please.Waiter: Ice and lemon?Customer: Both,please.Task 6Listening:You will hear five short extracts.What kind of food and/or drink are/is talked about in each of them?Listen to the recording and note down your answers to full in the table below.Extract 1A: Well,the results of the tests make it absolutely clear.You'll have to cut out dairy products completely.B: What?Everything?You mean cheese and yoghurt and butter...?A:Yes,I'm afraid so.And milk.You'll have to try a substitute like soya milk for tea and coffee if you really can't drink them black.Extract 2A: What's the food like in your family?B: It's great!Every morning we have cornflakes and toast and sometimes bacon and eggs.The only problem is that we have the evening meal very early.Often I am very hungry in the night.And the food where you're staying?How is it?A: Oh,the Wilsons,has lived in France for a long time,so they prepare a lot of typically French dishes.It's just like home.Extract 3A: Mobile Burgers.Simon speaking.Can I help you?B: Yes,I'd like a double cheese burger,no onion.A: Anything with that?B: Oh yeah.And some chips and a chocolate milkshake.A: What size chips?Small,medium or large?B: Oh actually I don't think I'll have the chips.A: OK.Address?B: 21 Walker Street.A: Fine.We'll be round in 15 minutes.Extract 4So if you don't have a microwave,you heat your coconut oil in a deeppot like this one until it's smoking slightly.It's good and hot now,I think.Throw your corn into the pot and put the lid on firmly,like this.Then turn the heat off under the pan and enjoy thesound of that corn popping!There it goes!Extract 5Right.I hear that some people have been taking food and drinks into the computer room.This is absolutely not...I repeat not...allowed.It's valuable equipment and it can be damaged very easily.A major problem was caused by someone spilling a bottle of water the other day...so no food and no liquids or the room will be closed unless a teacher is there to supervise.Task 7Listening:You will hear an interview with two people about their particular diet.Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear.Sam(I=Interviewer; S=Sam)I: Congratulations on winning the tournament,Sam.How do you feel? S: Oh,great!I: Are you going to celebrate?S: Definitely.I've been training non-stop for ages and I need a good night out.I: How do you train for a kick-boxing tournament like this?S: Basically,you have to live like a monk for weeks...I: Really?Aren't you allowed to go out?S: Yes,actually you can go out,but you can't drink or smoke and you have to be in bed by midnight.I: I guess that's quite difficult for a young guy like yourself.What other sacrifices do you have to make?S: Well, obviously you have trained every day, and the main thing for kick-boxing is to build up your stamina--so while I'm training I have to be quite strict with my diet.I: So what do you eat?S: Um, the first thing is cutting down on fat--no crisps or burgers.I'm not supposed to eat butter, but that's really hard because I really love it.Oh, and I mustn't drink too much caffeine.I: And what sort of things are good for you?S: High-fibre food, like brown rice and vegetables. Cranberry juice is good--loads and loads of fluid. That's really important.I: What about protein?S: Yeah, of course that's important,but meat tends to be very fatty--I try to stick to fish.Mushrooms are really good--I eat lots of mushrooms. Butcarbohydrates are as important as protein because I need the energy. I don't want to end up with enormous muscles.I: Talking of muscles, do you work out?S: Of course--that's part of the training. I work out every day, but I do quite a lot of aerobic exercise and not too much weight-lifting. For kick-boxing you have to increase your energy levels.I: What are you going to have for dinner now the competition's over? S: Steak and chips with loads of bread and butter, Coke to drink, followed by apple pie and cream. And a double expresso. No problem.I: A well-earned treat. Enjoy it! Thank you, Sam Davidson, the new kick-boxing champion--and now back to the studio.Catherine(C=Catherine; M=Mike)M: Catherine you look great in these photos.C: Oh,thanks. I had to go through hell to get into that wedding dress. M: What do you mean?C: It was too small.M: Why didn't you get one your size?C: Oh,it was my grandmother's--my mother wore it on herwedding day, and I really wanted to wear it on mine.M: Oh,I can see why--it's gorgeous. But the waist is minute!C: Tell me about it. I suffered for six months so I could wear it.M: How did you do it?C: Oh, well, you know this diet that all the Hollywood actors are doing? M: No--I thought they just had plastic surgery every time their body needed reshaping.C: Well, they probably do that as well--but there's this new diet. I don't think it's very healthy if you do it for a long time, but it really works. M: Is it the diet where you think of all the food you love and avoid it for six months?C: No--actually,it's amazing. Believe it or not, you can eat things like,em, roast chicken and steak and eggs and bacon, but you just can't eat any carbohydrates with it.M: No bread.C: No.M: What about pasta?C: No.M: Oh, I couldn't live without pasta.C: Mm, it was hard--I was dying for a nice plate of spaghetti.M: Did you have to exercise?C: Well, you know me--I'm not exactly sportswoman of the year. But I wanted to get rid of my stomach so I had to do situps every morning. Nightmare!M: How much did you lose?C: To be honest, I have no idea--the important thing to me was that I could put that dress on and look good in it.M: Are you still dieting then?C: No way--I love my food and dieting is so boring. Hopefully,I won't need to wear the wedding dress again anyway!Task 11Listening:You will hear an interview with someone about pleasures. He gives answers to the four questions above. Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear. Interviewer:"Pleasure is the beginning and the end of living happily."Those are the words of the Greek philosopher Epicurus, who lived 2,300 years ago. People have always tried to findpleasure and today we have many more pleasures than the Ancient Greeks had. And yet we still don't know a lot about this important part of life. Here in the studio is Dr.Jonathan Shamberg. Good evening, Dr.Shamberg.Dr.Shamberg: Good evening. It's a pleasure to be here.I: Yes, indeed. Well, what things give people most pleasure?D: We don't all enjoy the same things. Pleasure means different things to different people. Some people get pleasure from jumping out ofaeroplanes or driving at 200 kph. For others pleasure comes from relaxing in a hot bath or playing with children. Doing a crossword or repairing the car give other people pleasure.I: What's the purpose of pleasure? Why does it exist?D: Well, if pleasure didn't exist, we wouldn't exist. Pleasure is important for human survival. If we want to survive, we have to do three things--eat, have children, and get on with each other. If these things give pleasure, we want to do them. So we survive. That's why we get so much pleasure from food, being in love, and socializing.I: But what is pleasure?D: Pleasure is a chemical reaction in the brain. When we dosomething that we enjoy, endorphin and noradrenaline are produced. These stimulated pleasure centers in the brain.I: And is pleasure good for you?D: Oh, yes. The happier you are the longer you will live. But it isn't the great moments of pleasure that are important. Happy people enjoy the ordinary everyday things of life, like cooking a meal, going for a walk or chatting with a friend.I: I see. Well, let's talk some more about your research into pleasure...。
高等学校研究生英语系列教材(听说教程)(上)Unit4解析
Culture has several major components. The first important one is material possessions, which refer to objects like books or clothes. The non-material component can be illustrated by the following parts: values, norms, beliefs, emotions, attitudes, aspirations, laws, and symbols.
Chinese handwriting? 5. What advise do they offer? 6. What is mainly talked about in this conversation?
H: Well, I’m a little worried about my Chinese handwriting skills. I use my computers to write my e-mails and my cellphone to send messages. It’s so easy to forget how to write Chinese character!
What’s more, Barbie is no ordinary toy. She copies the female form. She stands for woman within the games of make-believe in which children involve her. 3) Some feminists criticize Barbie, because Barbie represents an old-fashioned image of females and modern features of women cannot be found in the toy.
研究生英语听说教程（引进版）听力原文（CHAPTER4）2
研究生英语听说教程（引进版）听力原文（CHAPTER4）2研究生英语听说教程（引进版）听力原文Take on Listening:Listening and Speaking StrategiesLesson 4(2)PART THREE EXPANSIONSection 1: IllnessesExercise 1B1. (Telephone rings)Jim: Hello.Marty: Hi. It’s Marty. How are you? We missed you at the game today. Jim: Yeah. I’ve been in bed for a couple of days.Marty: Oh gee. What’s wrong?Jim: Oh, I’m just a little under the weather, I guess. My nose is topped up and I’ve just felt crummy.Marty: Yeah, everybody seems to have something that’s going around. Have you seen a doctor?Jim: No. I just got some non-prescription nasal spray at the drugstore and I’m drinking plenty of fluids. One more day of rest and I’m sure I’ll be ba ck to work. I had chills the first day and my stomach was upset, but now it’s really only my nose.Marty: Well that’s good. Listen, I won’t keep you any longer. I’m sure you’ll want to rest. Do you think you’ll be going to the game on Wednesday?Jim: Oh, I’m sure. I’ll be fine by then.Marty: Great. Well, take care. I’ll see you on Wednesday.Jim: Yeah. Thanks for calling.Marty: Bye.2. Doctor: O. K., Mike. You said it’s around your stomach. Please take off your shirt.Mike: O.K…. The rash is all over my right leg, too, Doctor.Doctor: I’ll look at that in just a minute. Have you been out in t he woods lately?Mike: Yes. I went for a hike in the country on Saturday.Doctor: Uh-huh; and when did you first notice the rash?Mike: On Monday. At first I thought it was very uncomfortable. I washed it with antiseptic soap, but that didn’t’ seem to help, and by Tuesday, it started to itch and burn.Doctor: Did you notice if you had a fever or not?Mike: I didn’t take my temperature, but aside from the itching, I feel fine. Doctor: And, any difficulty breathing?Mike: No.Doctor: Sore throat or runny nose?Mike: No.Doctor: O.K. I think you’re going to be fine. I’m going to prescribe some cream that will help with the rash.Mike: Thanks, doctor.Doctor: And make sure to thoroughly wash all clothing that you were wearing during your hike last Saturday.3. Mindy: What is it Lou? Your stomach again?Lou: No, no … I’m all right.Mindy: Lou, I can tell when you get that look on your face.Lou: It’s nothing. Probably too much food at dinner. Ooh… Uh!! Mindy: Lou, that’s it! You’re going back to the doctor tomorrow. This has gone on too long!Lou: No … Listen, I’ll take some Fizz-Away and I’ll be fine in the morning.Mindy: Fizz-Away? Fizz-Away is an over-the-counter antacid. That’s not going to help you, Lou. Your problem is too serious for antacid to help you. You know, if you don’t watch out,you’re going to end up on the surgeon’s table just like your brother.Lou, Oh, don’t be silly. He never took care of himself and he d rank like a fish. It’s different with me. I just eat a little too much sometimes.Mindy: look, this a problem that runs in your family. Your father had it, your brother, your Uncle Leo…Lou: Mindy, this is not a hereditary condition.Mindy: No, but they say that lifestyle and poor eating habits create the problem and that is something that you get from your family.Lou: Listen, this is ridiculous. Ooh…Ow…Oh! Where’s the Fizz-Away? It’s burning.Mindy: Oh, Lou. This can’t go on!Lou: Look, it was probably just the fried chicken at dinner.Mindy: Here, take this. Now, I’m not taking no for an answer. You’re going to the doctor tomorrow and that’s final! Fried chicken! How come I don’t have any pain? I ate the same food that you had.Lou: Oh, okay, okay; I’ll go. Ow!Exercise 2B1. Al: Did you see this article about the blood shortage?Bev: No, what does it say?Al: Al the blood banks in town are reporting record shortages. Not enough people are giving blood and the hospitals are running out. Bev: That’s terri ble. If somebody has an accident or needs surgery, blood is very important.A l: Yeah, it says here that unless something is done soon, there’s going to be real trouble.Bev: Well, then, go get your coat; let’s go.Al: Huh?Bev: Let’s go to the blood bank right now and make a donation!Al: But, giving blood hurts! And besides, I don’t know if it’s such a safe thing to do.Bev: What are you talking about?Al: Well, what about AIDS? Why do you think fewer people are giving blood? I bet they’re afraid they mig ht get infected somehow.Bev: Oh, I hadn’t thought about that. Why don’t we ca ll the blood bank and ask them? Then we can find out for sure.Al: Good idea.2. Mom: Hi, honey; how was your day?Dad: Okay. Things were busy all day. How about you?Mom: I got three new clients this afternoon.Dad: That’s great. Where’s Bobby?Mo m: He’s upstairs playing. I got a call this morning from Ms. Langsford.Dad: Who?Mom: The director of Bobby’s day care.Dad: Oh?Mom: She wants us to attend a special parents meeting next Wednesday. Dad: Really? What’s up?Mom: One of the kids in Bobby’s play group has been diagnosed with AIDS.Dad: Wow. Do you know who it is?Mom: Jason Mitsumoto.Dad: Jason? Isn’t that the little boy Bobby always plays with?Mom: Uh-huh. His mother had the HIV virus and didn’t know it. Jason was born with it.Dad: have J ason’s parents taken him out of the school?Mom: No. They want to keep his life as normal as possible until he’s too sick to attend.Dad: Well, I’m not sure I want our son playing wi th a child who has AIDS.Mom: I’m nervous, too. Why don’t we attend the me eting and find out what’s going on.PART FOUR FOCUS: NUMBER STRESSExercise 11. My appointment is at 2:15.2. You need to get a yearly check-up after you turn fifty.3. The new patient is in room 1335.4. Your appointment with Dr. Stevens is on April 30th.5. Your daughter was born at exactly 3:40 yesterday afternoon.6. Johnny’s cut required over fourteen stitches.7. Thelma Watkins didn’t see a doctor until she was sixteen years old.8. That medical center has seventy nurses on staff.9. The patient in room six is ninety years old.10. George was really sick last year. He was in bed for eighteen days. Exercise 21. Thirteen students at Christine’s school have the flue.2. That x-ray cost him $90.3. I bought some vitamins for $18.4. To stay healthy you should drink more than sixty ounces of water each day.5. At least 50% of the people in my office got poison oak at the company picnic.6. A new allergy treatment is discussed on page 314 in thenew medical journal.7. This medicine is only good for sixteen days.8. Doctors now say that many people develop allergies after age thirty.9. The new baby was nineteen inches and six pounds fifteen ounces.10. My friend told me that 80% of the people with asthma are over seventy.PART FIVE LISTENING PRACTICEExercise 11. How are you feeling today?2. What kind of symptoms are you experiencing?3. Has your child had a vaccination yet?4. What kind of prescription did the doctor give you?5. I’m having trouble breathing. What should I do?6. What do you need for your first aid kit?7. What is the treatment for allergies?Exercise 21. Tim is in bed with the measles.2. Ms. Pinter needs radiation treatment.3. Let’s see. You gave me two dollars and the antacid cost a dollar fifty.4. Be careful. There’s something going around.5. Mrs. Blackstone has just found out that she has poison oak.6. The doctors don’t know how to treat Mr. Mason’s illness.7. When I went to the drugstore, I got a bottle of cough medicine for Bob and some deodorant for Jerry.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Unit 4 DietWoman: Oh, no thanks, I think I'm OK. Listen, is it OK with you if we ask for the check now? I know that we're still eating, but I'm ina bit of a hurry.Man: No, sure, it's fine. Thanks. Excuse me, can...uh...we have the check,please?Number ThreeMan: What is it?Woman: You know, I'm not sure. I think it's...chicken.Man: Nhn-nhn, I think it's beef.Woman: Ugh, the vegetables look very strange, don't they?Man: Oh, well, I'm not really very hungry.Woman: Oh, me neither.Man: I'll just taste it...You'll never guess!Woman: What?Man: It's fish. And the sauce is actually pretty good. I thought it would be bland , but it's not at all. Here ,try it. It's not bad. Woman: Oh, all right...Ugh! It's awful. It's too salty.Man: Well, I like it.Woman: Oh,now I need some more soda.I wish they'd come back with the drink cart again.Man: Here,have yourself some of mine.Then we'll ask the flight attendant for two more cans.Task 4Listening:You will hear two short conversations.Some people are ordering food at a restaurant.Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear.Waiter: Are you ready to order,sir?Man: Yes,I think so.Darling?Woman: I'll have the vegetable soup to start...Waiter: The vegetable soup.And to follow,madam?Woman: The salmon with a salad.Waiter: And for you,sir?Man: I'll have the vegetable soup too,please.Waiter: Two vegetable soups.Man: And I'll have a steak,I think.Waiter: How would you like it, sir?Rare,medium,or well done?Man: Very rare--blue if you can.Waiter: Thank you very much,sir.Would you like to see the wine list?Waiter: Ready to order?Customer: Yes,I'd like the potato soup.Waiter: White or brown bread?Customer: White,please.Waiter: And to follow?Customer: Just a chicken salad,please.Waiter: And to drink?Customer: A mineral water.Waiter: Still or sparkling?Customer: Sparkling,please.Waiter: Ice and lemon?Customer: Both,please.Task 6Listening:You will hear five short extracts.What kind of food and/or drink are/is talked about in each of them?Listen to the recording and note down your answers to full in the table below.Extract 1A: Well,the results of the tests make it absolutely clear.You'll have to cut out dairy products completely.B: What?Everything?You mean cheese and yoghurt and butter...?A:Yes,I'm afraid so.And milk.You'll have to try a substitute like soya milk for tea and coffee if you really can't drink them black.Extract 2A: What's the food like in your family?B: It's great!Every morning we have cornflakes and toast and sometimes bacon and eggs.The only problem is that we have the evening meal very early.Often I am very hungry in the night.And the food where you're staying?How is it?A: Oh,the Wilsons,has lived in France for a long time,so they prepare a lot of typically French dishes.It's just like home.Extract 3A: Mobile Burgers.Simon speaking.Can I help you?B: Yes,I'd like a double cheese burger,no onion.A: Anything with that?B: Oh yeah.And some chips and a chocolate milkshake.A: What size chips?Small,medium or large?B: Oh actually I don't think I'll have the chips.A: OK.Address?B: 21 Walker Street.A: Fine.We'll be round in 15 minutes.Extract 4So if you don't have a microwave,you heat your coconut oil in a deeppot like this one until it's smoking slightly.It's good and hot now,I think.Throw your corn into the pot and put the lid on firmly,like this.Then turn the heat off under the pan and enjoy the sound of that corn popping!There it goes!Extract 5Right.I hear that some people have been taking food and drinks into the computer room.This is absolutely not...I repeat not...allowed.It's valuable equipment and it can be damaged very easily.A major problem was caused by someone spilling a bottle of water the other day...so no food and no liquids or the room will be closed unless a teacher is there to supervise.Task 7Listening:You will hear an interview with two people about their particular diet.Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear.Sam(I=Interviewer; S=Sam)I: Congratulations on winning the tournament,Sam.How do you feel? S: Oh,great!I: Are you going to celebrate?S: Definitely.I've been training non-stop for ages and I need a good night out.I: How do you train for a kick-boxing tournament like this?S: Basically,you have to live like a monk for weeks...I: Really?Aren't you allowed to go out?S: Yes,actually you can go out,but you can't drink or smoke and you have to be in bed by midnight.I: I guess that's quite difficult for a young guy like yourself.What other sacrifices do you have to make?S: Well, obviously you have trained every day, and the main thing for kick-boxing is to build up your stamina--so while I'm training I have to be quite strict with my diet.I: So what do you eat?S: Um, the first thing is cutting down on fat--no crisps or burgers.I'm not supposed to eat butter, but that's really hard because I really love it.Oh, and I mustn't drink too much caffeine.I: And what sort of things are good for you?S: High-fibre food, like brown rice and vegetables. Cranberry juice is good--loads and loads of fluid. That's really important.I: What about protein?S: Yeah, of course that's important,but meat tends to be very fatty--I try to stick to fish.Mushrooms are really good--I eat lots of mushrooms. Butcarbohydrates are as important as protein because I need the energy. I don't want to end up with enormous muscles.I: Talking of muscles, do you work out?S: Of course--that's part of the training. I work out every day, but I do quite a lot of aerobic exercise and not too much weight-lifting. For kick-boxing you have to increase your energy levels.I: What are you going to have for dinner now the competition's over? S: Steak and chips with loads of bread and butter, Coke to drink, followed by apple pie and cream. And a double expresso. No problem.I: A well-earned treat. Enjoy it! Thank you, Sam Davidson, the new kick-boxing champion--and now back to the studio.Catherine(C=Catherine; M=Mike)M: Catherine you look great in these photos.C: Oh,thanks. I had to go through hell to get into that wedding dress. M: What do you mean?C: It was too small.M: Why didn't you get one your size?C: Oh,it was my grandmother's--my mother wore it on her wedding day, and I really wanted to wear it on mine.M: Oh,I can see why--it's gorgeous. But the waist is minute!C: Tell me about it. I suffered for six months so I could wear it.M: How did you do it?C: Oh, well, you know this diet that all the Hollywood actors are doing? M: No--I thought they just had plastic surgery every time their body needed reshaping.C: Well, they probably do that as well--but there's this new diet. I don't think it's very healthy if you do it for a long time, but it really works. M: Is it the diet where you think of all the food you love and avoid it for six months?C: No--actually,it's amazing. Believe it or not, you can eat things like,em, roast chicken and steak and eggs and bacon, but you just can't eat any carbohydrates with it.M: No bread.C: No.M: What about pasta?C: No.M: Oh, I couldn't live without pasta.C: Mm, it was hard--I was dying for a nice plate of spaghetti.M: Did you have to exercise?C: Well, you know me--I'm not exactly sportswoman of the year. But I wanted to get rid of my stomach so I had to do situps every morning. Nightmare!M: How much did you lose?C: To be honest, I have no idea--the important thing to me was that I could put that dress on and look good in it.M: Are you still dieting then?C: No way--I love my food and dieting is so boring. Hopefully, I won't need to wear the wedding dress again anyway!Task 11Listening:You will hear an interview with someone about pleasures. He gives answers to the four questions above. Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear. Interviewer:"Pleasure is the beginning and the end of living happily."Those are the words of the Greek philosopher Epicurus, wholived 2,300 years ago. People have always tried to findpleasure and today we have many more pleasures than theAncient Greeks had. And yet we still don't know a lot aboutthis important part of life. Here in the studio is Dr.JonathanShamberg. Good evening, Dr.Shamberg.Dr.Shamberg: Good evening. It's a pleasure to be here.I: Yes, indeed. Well, what things give people most pleasure?D: We don't all enjoy the same things. Pleasure means different things to different people. Some people get pleasure from jumping out ofaeroplanes or driving at 200 kph. For others pleasure comes from relaxing in a hot bath or playing with children. Doing a crossword or repairing the car give other people pleasure.I: What's the purpose of pleasure? Why does it exist?D: Well, if pleasure didn't exist, we wouldn't exist. Pleasure is important for human survival. If we want to survive, we have to do three things--eat, have children, and get on with each other. If these things give pleasure, we want to do them. So we survive. That's why we get so much pleasure from food, being in love, and socializing.I: But what is pleasure?D: Pleasure is a chemical reaction in the brain. When we do something that we enjoy, endorphin and noradrenaline are produced. These stimulated pleasure centers in the brain.I: And is pleasure good for you?D: Oh, yes. The happier you are the longer you will live. But it isn't the great moments of pleasure that are important. Happy people enjoy the ordinary everyday things of life, like cooking a meal, going for a walk or chatting with a friend.I: I see. Well, let's talk some more about your research into pleasure...。