基于STM32的智能小车摄像头循迹系统

分类号编号

烟台大学

毕业论文（设计）基于STM32的智能小车

摄像头循迹系统

Intelligent Car Tracking System

Based on STM 32 Camera

申请学位：工学学士

院系：光电信息科学技术学院

专业：电子信息工程

姓名：王坤

学号：200813503229

指导老师：尚明（教授）

2012年5 月21 日

大学EDA实验室

基于STM32的智能小车摄像头循迹系统

姓名：王坤

导师：尚明（教授）

2012年5 月21 日

大学EDA实验室

大学毕业论文（设计）任务书

院（系）：光电信息科学技术学院

[摘要]现在人们越来越喜欢安全、节能、环保、智能化和信息化的汽车了，在智能汽车新时代，无人驾驶技术，得到了飞越的发展，成为了智能车时代的新标志。智能小车不但逐步提高了车辆的控制水平和驾驶水平，而且也保障了车辆行驶的安全、畅通、高效特性。本文主要讨论了智能车系统的设计方案，并且对智能车自主行驶的决策以及控制，算法也进行了相应的研究。

本论文首先设计了智能车的硬件结构，硬件方面以Cortex-m3为控制核心，另外其他辅助模块包括：电源模块，图像传感模块，速度控制模块以及其他功能模块进行辅助，从而来完成智能车的硬件设计。由于智能车有一个比较复杂跑道，传统的控制算法在复杂跑道情况下已经无法解决智能车的控制参数的问题。因此本论文做了一些改进，本论文采用理论结合实际，我们采用了模糊PID控制算法来实现对智能车的控制，并进行了一定的实验。

在该系统中，由CMOS摄像头来实现路径识别，通过对小车的闭环控制，使小车能按照给定的黑色引导线平稳地循迹。该系统能够很好地满足智能车对路径识别性能和抗干扰能力的要求，稳定误差小，调节相应时间比较快，具有较好的动态性能和良好的稳定性。

实验证明，所设计的智能车具有速度快，适应性强的特点。

[关键词]智能车；图像处理；比例积分微分

[Abstract]Now more and more like safety, energy conservation, environmental protection, intelligence and information of vehicles in the new era of smart cars, unmanned technology, has been flying over the development, became the new logo of the smart car era. The smart car has gradually increased the level of control and the standard of driving of the vehicle, but also to protect the safe and smooth traffic, efficient performance. The article focuses on the design of intelligent vehicle systems, and smart car independent driving the decision-making system and control algorithms were also studied. Thesis designs the mechanical hardware structure of the intelligent vehicle hardware to control the core Cortex-m3, other ancillary modules include: the power supply module, the image sensor module, the speed control module and other functional modules to carry out assisted, and thus to complete the smart hardware design of the car. Does not match the smart car a more complicated runway, control algorithms in the control parameters of the smart car has been unable to solve complex runway case. Therefore, this paper has to do improvements, the present theory with reality, we have adopted a fuzzy PID control algorithm to achieve control of the smart car, and carry out certain experiments.

In this system, the CMOS camera head path identification, closed-loop control of the car, car tracking smoothly in accordance with the black guide lines given. The system is able to meet the requirements of the intelligent vehicle path recognition performance and anti-jamming capability, small steady state error and adjust the response time is faster, has better dynamic performance and good stability.

The experiments show that the design of intelligent vehicle speed adaptability.

[Keywords]Intelligent Car, Image Processing, PID Control