非谓语动词用法总结

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The meeting to be held next week is about environmental protection. (hold) 比较： The meeting being held now is about environmental protection. (hold) The meeting held yesterday was about environmental protection. (hold) 2）动词不定式作状语 目的和结果状语 To finish his homework ,he had to stay up late. He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. Only +to do 作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果 比较：现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。 A terrible earthquake broke out last night , causing many deaths. 3) 动词不定式做主语（谓语动词用单数）,表语，宾语 To see is to believe. 只能加to do 不定式做宾语的动词 Refuse to do sth Decide to do sth Demand to do sth Agree to do sth
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____C____down. A. To come in and sit B. Coming in and sit C. Come and sit 祈使句就是动词原形开头的句子。 祈使句+and/or +简单句 Work hard and you will be admitted to your ideal university. • If you work hard, you will be admitted to you ideal university. • Hurry up or you will be late. • If you don’t hurry up ,you will be late.
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Find +宾语+宾补 Find +sb/sth +to be Find sb/sth doing Find sb/sth done Find it +adj./n+ for sb to sth The children weigh +重量 Engage Be engaged in doing sth 忙于做某事 Be engaged to sb 与某人订婚 The line is engaged. 线路忙。占线。
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Doing 动名词一般作主语，宾语，表语，定语 1）作主语 Listening to teachers in class is very important. 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2）动名词作宾语（放在介词或者是及物动词后面） 只能加doing做宾语的及物动词和动词短语 Enjoy ,finish, miss(错过)，excuse(原谅)，admit(承 认)，avoid(避免)，imagine(想象），appreciate (感 激，欣赏)，escape(逃避)，postpone 推迟，dislike （不喜欢）， • Give up , put off, put up with(容忍，忍受) ，get down to (开始认真做某事)，set about (着手)，make contributions to ,contribute to, look forward to, devote …to .., object to(反对)， be opposed to, pay attention to
• Seen from the top of the hill, the village looks even smaller. • Seeing the village from the top of the hill, we find it even smaller. • A. Seeing B. Seen • Having done 和having been done 表示它们自身 的动作发生在句子的谓语动词之前。 • Having struggled to look for a job for half a year, he finally took a position in a restaurant.
非谓语动词
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非谓语动词：不能单独作谓语，但是可以帮助构成谓语。 非谓语动词包括：doing ,done ,to do 分词： Doing 主动，进行 Being done 被动，进行 Having done 主动完成， （不作定语） Having been done 被动，完成，（不作定语） Done 被动，完成 1) 分词作定语（doing，being done ,done ） 如果被修饰词和分词中的动词之间的关系是主动关系，就用doing 作定语， 如果被修饰词和分词中的动词之间的关系是被动关系，就用done 作定语。 The book written by Lu Xun is very impressive. (write) The meeting being held now is about environmental protection. (hold) The meeting held yesterday was about environmental protection. (hold) The children playing by the riverside are my sisters and brothers. (play) 2) 分词作状语 分词作状语，句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语（意思上的主语），分析句 子的主语和分词中的动词之间的主被动关系，如果是主动关系，要用现在 分词作状语，如果是被动关系要用过去分词作定语
• 状语从句的省略 • If ,unless , though ,although ,while ,once +doing /done • 省略的前提是主从句主语一致，才能省略。 • If I am not tired from work • Tiring 令人感到累的（修饰物） • Tired 感到累的（指人）
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Keep +宾语+宾补 Keep sb doing sth Keep sb/sth done Keep +sb/sth +adj. She kept him waiting in the heavy rain. She kept her mouth closed. Have +宾语+宾补 have sb do Have sb doing Have sth done Make +宾语+宾补 Make sb do Make sth/sb done Ask sb to do sth He asked me to help him. Advise sb to do Allow sb to do See sb do See sb doing With +宾语+宾补（doing ,done ,to do表示动作没做 ） With so much work to do ,he can’t go to the cinema with us. 他有这么多工作要做，他不能和我们去看电影了。 With his work done , he went to bed. With his mother looking after his child, he kept on playing computer games.
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既能加to do 有能加doing做宾语的动词，意 思基本没有区别的： Like to do /like doing sth Start to do /start doing Hate to do sth /hate doing sth Love to do /love doing sth 既能加to do 有能加doing做宾语的动词，意Hale Waihona Puke Baidu思基本有区别的： Stop to do Stop doing forget to do Forget doing Remember to do Remember doing Regret to do Regret doing Mean to do 打算做某事 Mean doing 意味着做某事 Can’t help to do 不能帮忙做某事 Can’t help doing 忍不住做某事
• Try to do sth 努力做某 事 • Try doing 尝试做某事
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Pretend to do sth Pretend to be doing Pretend to have done Claim to have done To have done 主动，完成和To have been done 被动， 完成 表示它们自身的动作发生在谓语动词之前 It is said that he is an honest man. He is said to be an honest man. It is said that he has passed the driving test. He is said to have passed the driving test.
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3) 动名词作表语 My job is taking care of children. Seeing is believing. 4) 动名词作定语（表示物的用途） A swimming pool 游泳池 A walking stick 拐杖 A swimming cap A sleeping car 卧铺车厢（用于睡觉的车厢）(动名词作 定语) • a sleeping boy （现在分词作定语）
• There be +主语+doing /done （定语） • There are some children playing by the riverside. • There are no fish left in the river. (leave留 下) • All roads lead to Rome. • Path
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动词不定式 To do 主动，将来，目的 To be done 被动，将来，目的 To be doing 主动，进行 To have done 主动，完成 To have been done 被动，完成 1）动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语与被修饰词之间有三种关系 I have some water to drink. Drink some water 动词不定式中的动词和前面的名词可以构成动宾或介宾关系，就是动词不 定式作定语 I have a room to live in. Live in a room. 被修饰词和动词不定式之间是主谓关系： He was the first man to travel around the world. 被修饰词和动词不定式之间是同位语关系： He has the ability to solve the problem by himself. The chance to do sth The opportunity to do sth