2014论文模版(英文)
英语论文范文
英语论文范文As an author of Baidu Wenku document, I am going to provide you with a sample English thesis to help you understand the structure and content of a well-written academic paper.Title: Sample English ThesisIn today's globalized world, the ability to communicate effectively in English has become increasingly important. As a result, many students are required to write English theses as part of their academic studies. In this sample English thesis, we will explore the key components of a successful thesis and provide you with a clear example of how to structure and write your own paper.IntroductionThe introduction of your English thesis should provide an overview of the topic you will be discussing and the purpose of your paper. It should also include a clear thesis statement that outlines the main argument or research question you will be addressing. For example, if your thesis is about the impact of technology on English language learning, your introduction should provide background information on this topic and clearly state your research question or hypothesis.Literature ReviewThe literature review section of your thesis should provide a comprehensive overview of the existing research and scholarship related to your topic. This will involve summarizing and analyzing the key findings and arguments of previous studies, as well as identifying any gaps or limitations in the current literature. For instance, if your thesis is about the effectiveness of different language learning methods, your literature review should discuss the various approaches that have been studied and highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each.MethodologyIn the methodology section of your thesis, you should outline the research methods and techniques you used to collect and analyze your data. This may include details on your sample size, data collection tools, and data analysis procedures. For example, if your thesis involves conducting a survey of English language learners, you should explain how you designed and administered the survey, as well as how you analyzed the results.ResultsThe results section of your thesis should present the findings of your research in a clear and organized manner. This may involve using tables, graphs, or other visual aids to help illustrate your key findings. For instance, if your thesis is about the impact of a specific language learning app on students' vocabulary acquisition, you could use a table to compare the pre- and post-test scores of participants who used the app with those who did not.DiscussionIn the discussion section of your thesis, you should interpret and analyze your results in relation to your research question or hypothesis. This may involve comparing your findings with the existing literature, identifying any implications or applications of your research, and discussing any limitations or future research directions. For example, if your thesis found that the language learning app had a significant impact on vocabulary acquisition, you could discuss the potential implications of these findings for language teaching and learning.ConclusionIn the conclusion of your English thesis, you should summarize the main findings and arguments of your paper and restate your thesisstatement. You should also briefly discuss the broader significance of your research and suggest any potential avenues for future study. For example, if your thesis is about the use of technology in language learning, you could conclude by emphasizing the importance of integrating technology into language education and suggesting areas for further research in this field.In conclusion, writing a successful English thesis requires careful planning, thorough research, and clear and concise writing. By following the structure and example provided in this sample thesis, you can ensure that your own paper is well-organized, well-supported, and effectively communicates your research findings. Good luck with your writing!。
论文英语作文模板范文
论文英语作文模板范文Title: A Template for Writing an Academic Paper in English。
Introduction。
Writing an academic paper in English can be a challenging task for many students, especially those whose first language is not English. However, with the right structure and guidance, it is possible to produce a well-written and coherent paper that meets the standards of academic writing. In this article, we will provide a template for writing an academic paper in English, including the key sections and components that should be included.Title and Abstract。
The title of the paper should be concise and informative, clearly indicating the topic and scope of the research. The abstract should provide a brief summary of the paper, including the research question, methodology, key findings, and implications. It should be no more than 250 words and should be written in a clear and concise manner.Introduction。
全英文研究论文模板(精华版)
全英文研究论文模板(精华版)AbstractThe abstract provides a brief summary of your research paper. It should briefly introduce the topic, state the research objectives, highlight the methodology employed, summarize the findings, and mention the significance of the study.IntroductionThe introduction sets the stage for your research paper. Start by presenting a general overview of the topic and its importance. Then narrow down your focus to the specific research problem or question that you aim to address. Provide background information, highlight previous research on the topic, and identify any gaps or limitations that your study can address.Literature ReviewThe literature review is a critical analysis of existing research and scholarly articles relevant to your topic. It helps establish the theoretical framework and foundation for your study. Identify key concepts,theories, and methodologies employed in previous research to support your own study. Clearly state your research objectives and how they contribute to the existing body of knowledge.MethodologyIn the methodology section, explain the research design, methods, and data collection techniques you used. Clearly state your research question(s) and hypothesis(es), if applicable. Describe the sample or participants, data collection instruments, and any statistical analyses employed. This section should allow other researchers to replicate your study.Results and DiscussionPresent the results of your study in a logical and organized manner. Use tables, charts, and figures to support your findings. Then, provide a detailed analysis and interpretation of the results. Discuss any patterns, trends, or relationships observed. Relate your findings to existing research and theories. Identify any limitations or challenges encountered during the study.ConclusionThe conclusion summarizes your research, restates the main findings, and discusses their implications. Do not introduce new information here. Discuss how your study contributes to the field, highlights any future research directions, and suggests practical applications of your findings. End with a strong closing statement that emphasizes the significance of your study.ReferencesAppendix (if applicable)If you have additional materials, such as questionnaires, survey data, or supplementary information that supports your study, include them in the appendix. Label each appendix with a title or number for easy reference.Please note that this template is a general guide and can be adapted to fit the specific requirements of your research paper. As always, consult your advisor or instructor for any additional guidelines or specific formatting instructions.。
英文论文(优秀4篇)
英文论文（优秀4篇）选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。
以下是可爱的编辑为大伙儿收集整理的英文论文（优秀4篇），希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
英语专业论文模板篇一很多学生忽视了毕业论文的重要性和现实意义，这是其写作质量不高的主要原因之一。
毕业论文是大学生在校期间向学校所交的较后一份书面作业。
英语专业学生在修完一般英语写作课程后，初步熟知和掌握了基本的写作要素和技巧，这时为了深化写作内容，进一步提高文字表达能力，须开始进行学术论文写作。
毕业论文写作在巩固了词的各种意义、搭配、用法、词序，句子的定义、结构、种类、用法，即写作的基本要素和技巧的同时，还能培养初步的研究、分析和总结问题的能力。
这就为学生在日后进一步从事相关学科的研究工作打下了坚实的基础。
《高等学校英语专业教学大纲》指出，“毕业论文是考察学生综合能力、评估学业成绩的一个重要方式”。
毕业论文写作的优劣、质量的高低是决定学生能否顺利毕业或可否被授予学位的重要依据。
因此大学生须重视和认真撰写毕业论文。
英语论文范文word 篇二Upon the completion of the thesis, I would like to take this opportunity toexpress my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Peng Xiaohua, who hasgiven me important guidance on the thesis. Without his help and encouragement,my thesis would have been impossible. Besides his help with my thesis,he hasalso given me much advice on the methods of doing research, which is of greatvalue to my future academic life.I am also obliged to other teachers whose lectures have broadened my scopeof vision in British and American literature and help me lay a necessaryfoundation for the writing of the thesis. I am also grateful to all the members ofthe faculty and staff in the College of Foreign Languages who have provided mewith a lot of help and guidance.Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to all the friends andfamily members who have offered me help. Without their help,I could not havefinished my study and this thesis.英语专业论文模板篇三分层次提出教学要求：英语系按照学校的要求把XX级学生以入学成绩为依据分了两个层次，A层次普通学科专业班级，B层次体音美专业班级。
2014考研英语二作文
2014考研英语二作文1) describe the drawing briefly,。
2) explain its intended meaning, and。
3) give your comments.范文：The cartoon depicts a scene where a boy is sitting in front of a computer with a sad expression on his face, while his father is standing behind him, looking at the computer screen with a surprised expression. The caption reads “The computer is not the only teacher”.The intended meaning of this cartoon is to warn parents that relying solely on technology to educate their children is not enough. In recent years, with the development of technology, many parents have turned to online courses and educational software to supplement or even replacetraditional teaching methods. However, this cartoonsuggests that such an approach may not be effective, as it neglects the importance of human interaction and guidancein the learning process.In my opinion, while technology can certainly be auseful tool for learning, it should not be seen as a substitute for human teachers. Teachers play a crucial role in not only imparting knowledge but also inspiring students, fostering critical thinking skills, and providing emotional support. These are all things that technology cannot replicate. Therefore, parents should be cautious about relying too heavily on technology and should instead prioritize finding high-quality, well-trained teachers for their children.In conclusion, this cartoon serves as a timely reminder that technology should be used as a supplement, not a replacement, for traditional teaching methods. As we continue to integrate technology into education, we mustnot forget the vital role that human teachers play in shaping the minds and hearts of our children.。
英语四级作文2014
英语四级作文2014Sure, let's tackle the English CET-4 essay from 2014. For confidentiality, I won't reference the specific prompt, but I'll address the typical requirements for such essays.---。
Title: Embracing Challenges: A Path to Personal Growth。
In today's dynamic world, challenges are inevitable. They come in various forms, testing our resilience and determination. While some may perceive challenges as obstacles, I firmly believe they are opportunities for personal growth and development.Firstly, confronting challenges cultivates resilience. When faced with adversity, individuals have two choices: to succumb or to stand tall. Those who choose the latter develop resilience, the ability to bounce back fromsetbacks stronger than before. This resilience is a crucialtrait in navigating life's uncertainties and achieving success.Secondly, challenges foster innovation and creativity. In the face of obstacles, individuals are compelled tothink outside the box and explore unconventional solutions. This process of innovation not only helps in overcoming immediate challenges but also drives progress and advancement in various fields.Moreover, challenges provide invaluable learning experiences. Through overcoming obstacles, individuals acquire new skills, knowledge, and perspectives. These experiences not only enhance personal development but also contribute to a deeper understanding of oneself and the world.Furthermore, embracing challenges builds character and fosters personal growth. It is through overcomingdifficulties that individuals discover their strengths, weaknesses, and true potential. Each challenge conquered becomes a stepping stone towards self-improvement andpersonal fulfillment.However, it is essential to acknowledge that embracing challenges is not without its difficulties. Fear of failure, self-doubt, and external pressure can often deterindividuals from taking risks and stepping out of their comfort zones. Yet, it is precisely during these moments of uncertainty that the most significant opportunities for growth arise.In conclusion, challenges are an integral part oflife's journey. Rather than avoiding or fearing them, we should embrace them as opportunities for growth and self-discovery. Through resilience, innovation, and learning, we can transform challenges into catalysts for personal development and success. As we navigate through life's ups and downs, let us remember that it is in the face of adversity that we truly shine.---。
2014全国大学生英语竞赛作文范文
2014全国大学生英语竞赛作文范文作文范文：The Importance of English Proficiency for College StudentsWith the rapid development of globalization, English has become the most widely spoken language in the world. In today's society, mastering English is of great importance for college students. It not only helps them broaden their horizons but also enhances their competitiveness in the job market.Firstly, English proficiency enables college students to have access to a vast amount of information. In this information age, the internet has become an indispensable tool for acquiring knowledge and keeping up with the latest trends. The majority of information available online is in English. Without a good command of English, college students may miss out on valuable resources and opportunities for personal growth.Secondly, English proficiency provides college students with a competitive advantage in the job market. Many companies, especially multinational corporations, require their employees to have strong English language skills. English is not only a communication tool but also a sign of professionalism. Employers often view good English proficiency as an indicator of a potential employee's ability to adapt to a global and diverse work environment.Moreover, English proficiency enhances college students' communication skills. English is considered the lingua franca in many fields, such as science, technology, and business. Being able to communicateeffectively in English not only facilitates information exchange but also promotes understanding and cooperation between individuals from different cultural backgrounds.Furthermore, English proficiency opens the door to international opportunities. With English language skills, college students have the chance to study abroad, participate in exchange programs, or pursue international career paths. These experiences provide valuable exposure to different cultures, broadening their perspectives and allowing them to develop a global mindset.In conclusion, English proficiency is essential for college students in today's globalized world. It allows them to access a wealth of information, enhances their employability, improves their communication skills, and opens up international opportunities. As such, college students should prioritize improving their English language abilities to prepare themselves for a successful future.。
英语议论文模板 英语议论文模板范文 英语议论文万能模板简单优秀5篇
英语议论文模板英语议论文模板范文英语议论文万能模板简单优秀5篇英语议论文一直以来被认为是书面语篇中一种基本的文本模式。
而英语议论文对外语学习者来说也是较难的一种语篇类型。
参考一些英语议论文模板，问题或许就迎刃而解了。
下面这5篇英语议论文模板范文英语议论文万能模板简单是作者为您整理的英语议论文模板范文模板，欢迎查阅参考。
大学英语议论文篇一要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述。
1. 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义。
分析并举例使其更充实。
the good old prover________(名言或谚语)reminduthat ________(释义). indeed, we can learn manthingform it.first of all,________(理由一). for example, ____________(举例说明). secondly,________(理由二). another case ithat ________(举例说明). furthermore , ____________(理由三).英语四级英译汉的目的。
,要求和评分in mopinion, ________(我的观点). in short, whatever you do, please remember the say____a. if you understand it and applit to your studor work, you”ll necessarilbenefit a lot from it.2.大学英语议论文通用模板the topic of ①________(主题)ibecoming more and more popular recently. there are two sideof opinionof it. some people saa itheir favorite. thehold their view for the reason of②________(支持a的理由一)what imore, ③________(理由二). moreover, ④________(理由三).while otherthink that ia better choice in the following three reasons. firstly,________(支持b 的理由一). secondl(besides),⑥____________(理由二). thirdl(finally),⑦____________(理由三).from mpoint of view, i think ⑧________(我的观点). the reason ithat ⑨____________(原因). aa matter of fact, there are some other reasonto explain mchoice. for me, the former isurela wise choice .(2) 给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点some people believe that ①________(观点一). for example, thethink ②________(举例说明).and it will bring them ③________(为他们带来的好处).in mopinion, i never think thireason can be the point. for one thing,④____(我不同意该看法的理由一). for another thing, ⑤____(反对的理由之二). form all what i have said,i agree to the thought that ⑥____(我对文章所讨论主题的看法).英语六级考试写作技巧大学英语议论文篇二1. 问题现状英语四级英译汉的目的，要求和评分怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)in recent days, we have to face i problem——a, which ibecoming more and more serious. first, ________(说明a的现状).second, ________(举例进一步说明现状) confronted with a, we should take a serieof effective measureto cope with the situation. for one thing, ________(解决方法一). for another ________(解决方法二). finally, ________(解决方法三).personally, i believe that ________(我的解决方法). consequently, i’m confident that a bright future iawaiting ubecause ________(带来的好处).说明利弊题型这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发，较后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)1. 说明事物现状事物本身的优缺点(或一方面) 你对现状(或前景)的看法nowadaymanpeople prefer a because it haa significant role in our daillife. generally, itadvantagecan be seen afollows. first ________(a的优点之一). beside____________(a的优点之二).but evercoin hatwo sides. the negative aspectare also apparent. one of the important disadvantageithat ________(a的一个缺点).to make matterworse,____________(a的第二个缺点).through the above analysis, i believe that the positive aspectoverweigh the negative ones. therefore, i would like to ________(我的看法).(from the comparison between these positive and negative effectof a, we should take it reasonabland do it according to the circumstancewe are in. onlbthiway, ________(对前景的预测).推荐英语议论文模板范文(精篇三姓名：性别：女民族：汉族政治面貌：团员出生日期：婚姻状况：未婚学历：大专毕业院校：师范学院毕业时间：所学专业：英语教育外语水平：英语（pets—3）电脑水平：熟练工作年限：3年联系方式：工作类型：全职期望行业：培训机构、教育、科研院所期望职位：幼儿教育、教师、培训工作地点：不限期望月薪：1000—20xx20xx年9月—20xx年6月就读于xx幼儿师范学校，多次获得奖学金20xx年9月—20xx年6月就读于师范学院，多次获得奖学金。
2014 四级英语作文
2014 四级英语作文Title: The Importance of Learning English。
English, as a global language, plays an increasingly significant role in various aspects of modern life. From communication and education to career opportunities and cultural exchange, mastering English has become crucial for individuals worldwide. In this essay, we will delve into the importance of learning English, exploring its impact on personal and professional development.First and foremost, proficiency in English enhances communication skills, enabling individuals to interact effectively in diverse social and professional settings. Whether engaging in international business negotiations, participating in academic conferences, or simply conversing with people from different linguistic backgrounds, a strong command of English fosters mutual understanding and facilitates meaningful dialogue. In today's interconnected world, the ability to communicate in English transcendsgeographical boundaries, opening doors to new friendships, collaborations, and cultural exchanges.Moreover, English proficiency is closely linked to educational opportunities and academic success. Many renowned universities and educational institutions around the world offer courses and programs taught in English, making it essential for students aspiring to pursue higher education abroad. By mastering English, students gainaccess to a wealth of knowledge, resources, and academic networks, broadening their intellectual horizons and enhancing their academic credentials. Additionally, proficiency in English equips individuals with the language skills needed to excel in standardized tests such as the TOEFL and IELTS, which are prerequisites for admission to many international universities.Furthermore, English fluency significantly enhances career prospects and professional advancement in today's globalized job market. Employers across various industries value candidates who possess strong English language skills, as it demonstrates adaptability, cross-cultural competence,and the ability to collaborate with diverse teams. Whether seeking employment opportunities in multinational corporations, diplomatic missions, or the tourism industry, proficiency in English is often a prerequisite for entry and career progression. Additionally, English fluency opens doors to international job opportunities, enabling individuals to pursue rewarding careers in different countries and cultures.Beyond its practical applications, learning English also enriches one's personal development and cultural awareness. Through literature, music, films, and other forms of artistic expression, English serves as a gateway to diverse cultures and perspectives from around the world. By immersing oneself in English-language media and literature, individuals gain insights into different societies, traditions, and worldviews, fostering empathy, tolerance, and global citizenship. Moreover, mastering English provides individuals with the confidence and autonomy to explore the world independently, whether through travel, study abroad programs, or cross-cultural exchanges.In conclusion, the importance of learning English cannot be overstated in today's interconnected world. From facilitating communication and academic success to enhancing career opportunities and cultural awareness, proficiency in English opens doors to endless possibilities and enriches every aspect of one's life. As the global lingua franca, English transcends borders and connects people from diverse backgrounds, fostering mutual understanding, collaboration, and unity in an increasingly interdependent world. Therefore, investing in English language education is not only a practical necessity but also a transformative journey that broadens horizons, empowers individuals, and fosters global solidarity.。
毕设论文模板 (英文版)
[THESIS TITLE]by[Your Name]A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements for the degree of[Name of Degree][Name of University]2004Approved by ___________________________________________________Chairperson of Supervisory Committee______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Program Authorizedto Offer Degree _________________________________________________ Date __________________________________________________________[NAME OF UNIVERSITY]ABSTRACT[Thesis Title]by [Your Name]Chairperson of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Elsa LeavittDepartment of ScienceA thesis presented on the history of astronomy and the solar system, beginning with the birth of the solar system, and covering the geology, atmosphere, and moons of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus.TABLE OF CONTENTSList of Figures (ii)List of Tables (iii)Preface (iv)Introduction (1)Chapter I: Case Study (2)Statement of Problem (3)Purpose of Study (3)Description of Terms (5)Chapter II: Conceptual Framework (12)Physiology of Problem (13)Sociology of Problem (21)Chapter III: Methodology (40)Selection of Celestial Bodies (41)Selection of Subjects (43)Collection of Data (50)Analysis of Data (57)Chapter IV: Findings and Discussion (60)Description of Findings (63)Summary (71)Glossary (73)Bibliography (75)Appendix A: Questionnaire (77)Appendix B: Consent Form (78)Appendix C: Data Figures (79)Pocket Material: Map of Case Study Solar SystemsiLIST OF FIGURESNumber Page1.Mercury (12)2.Venus (13)3.Earth (14)4.Mars (16)5.The Asteroid Belt (17)nd Forms (18)7.Site Topography (21)8.Views (24)9.Functional Relationships (28)10.Spatial Magnitudes (36)iiACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe author wishes to express sincere appreciation to Professors Smith and Jones for their assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. In addition, special thanks to Dr. Elsa Leavitt whose familiarity with the needs and ideas of the class was helpful during the early programming phase of this undertaking. Thanks also to the members of the school council for their valuable input.iiiGLOSSARYAsteroid. A very small planet ranging from 1,000 km to less than one km in diameter. Asteroids are found commonly around other larger planets.Atmosphere. The gaseous mass that surrounds any planet, including Earth.Density. The number (as of particles) per unit of measure.Galaxy. A system of stars independent from all other systems.Moon. The natural satellite of any planet.Orbit. The path taken by a satellite around a celestial body.Planet. A large, nonluminous mass, usually with its own moons, which revolves around a star. Planets are found everywhere in the galaxy.Solar. Having to do with the sun.ivC h a p t e r1THE SOLAR SYSTEMTo Customize This Thesis:Insert your information in place of the sample text, and then click Save As on the File menu. In the Save as type list, click Document Template.To Create a Document from the TemplateTo open the thesis template as a document, on the File menu, click New. The customizations you made will appear in the document.To change the spacing between, for example, body text paragraphs, click in a paragraph, and then click Paragraph on the Format menu. On the Indents and Spacing tab, under Spacing, reduce the number in the After list, and make additional adjustments as needed.iTo save your style changes, with the cursor blinking in the changed paragraph, click Styles and Formatting on the Formatting menu. In the Styles and Formatting pane, right-click the selected style and choose Update to Match Selection.How to Insert a Picture or CaptionOn the Insert menu, point to Picture, and then click the command that corresponds to the type of element you want to insert. To insert a caption, in a new paragraph, on the Format menu, click Styles and Formatting. In the Styles and Formatting task pane, click All styles in the Show list, and then make the selection you want in the list.1BIBLIOGRAPHY[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication]. [Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].[Last, First Name of Author].[Title]. [Publisher],[year of publication].2INDEXAAristotle, 3FFrom a Galaxy, 2GGeocentric theory, 2 HHeliocentric theory, 3 MMariner space mission, 2Mercury, 3Milky Way, 2OOrbitMercury, 3PPlanets and Moons, 2RRotationMercury, 3SSolar systemcreation, 2geocentric theory, 2heliocentric theory, 3Mariner mission, 2Voyager mission, 2TThe Solar System, 2VVoyager space mission, 23i Endnotes are notes that youcan use to explain text in adocument. To insert anendnote, click where youwant to insert the notereference mark. On theInsert menu, point toReference, and then clickFootnote. Click Endnote,make any other selectionsyou want, and then clickInsert.4。
辩论式议论文英文作文模板
辩论式议论文英文作文模板辩论式议论文：一方认为…另一方认为…我的观点模版1Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that (观点1). But other peopl e take an opposite side. They firmly believe that (观点2) .As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, (论据1). More imp ortantly, (论据2). Most important of all, (论据3).In summary, (总结观点). As a college student, I am supposed to (表决心).或:From above, we can predict that( 预测).模版2People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that (观点1), while others point out that (观点2). As far as I am concerned, the fo rmer/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 论据1. For another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3.To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 F rom above, we can predict that 预测.模版3There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。
IJERM_Paper_Template
Abstract—(PLEASE READ CAREFULLY ABSTRACT). Paper Setup must be in A4 size with Margin: Top 1.78 cm, Bottom 1.78 cm, Left 1.78 cm, Right 1.65 cm, Gutter 0 cm, and Gutter Position Top. Paper must be in two Columns after Authors Name with Width 8.59 cm, Spacing 0.51 cm. Whole paper must be with: Font Name Times New Roman, Font Size 10, Line Spacing 1.05 EXCEPT Abstract, Keywords (Index Term), Paper Tile, References, Author Profile (in the last page of the paper, maximum 400 words), All Headings, and Manuscript Details (First Page, Bottom, left side).Paper Title must be in Font Size 24, Bold, with Single Line Spacing. Authors Name must be in Font Size 11, Bold, Before Spacing 0, After Spacing 16, with Single Line Spacing. Please do not write Author e-mail or author address in the place of Authors name. Authors e-mail, and their Address details must be in the Manuscript details. Abstract and Keywords (Index Term) must be in Font Size 9, Bold, Italic with Single Line Spacing. All MAIN HEADING must be in Upper Case, Centre, and Roman Numbering (I, II, III…etc), Before Spacing 12, After Spacing 6, with single line spacing. All Sub Heading must be in Title Case, Left 0.25 cm, and Alphabet Numbering (A, B, C…etc), Before Spacing 6, After Spacing 4, with Single Line Spacing. Manuscript Details must be in Font Size 8, in the Bottom, First Page, and Left Side with Single Line Spacing. References must be in Font Size 8, Hanging 0.25 with single line spacing. Author Profile must be in Font Size 8, with single line spacing. Fore more details, please download TEMPLATE HELP FILE from the website.Index Terms—About four key words or phrases in alphabetical order, separated by commas.I.I NTRODUCTIONHighlight a section that you want to designate with a certain style, and then select the appropriate name on the style menu. The style will adjust your fonts and line spacing. Do not change the font sizes or line spacing to squeeze more text into a limited number of pages. Use italics for emphasis; do not underline.Manuscript received April 01, 2014. (Please Fill Below Details)First Author name, His Department Name, University/ College/ Organization Name, City Name, Country Name, Phone/ Mobile No., (e-mail: fisrtauthor@).Second Author name, His Department Name, University/ College/ Organization Name, City Name, Country Name, Phone/ Mobile No., (e-mail: secondauthor@).Third Author name, His Department Name, University/ College/ Organization Name, City Name, Country Name, Phone/ Mobile No., (e-mail: thirdauthor@).II.P ROCEDURE FOR P APER S UBMISSIONA.Review StageSubmit your manuscript electronically for review.B.Final StageWhen you submit your final version, after your paper has been accepted, prepare it in two-column format, including figures and tables.C.FiguresAs said, to insert images in Word, position the cursor at the insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | From File or copy the image to the Windows clipboard and then Edit | Paste Special | Picture (with ―Float over text‖ unchecked).The authors of the accepted manuscripts will be given a copyright form and the form should accompany your final submission.III.M ATHIf you are using Word, use either the Microsoft Equation Editor or the Math Type add-on () for equations in your paper (Insert | Object | Create New | Microsoft Equation or Math Type Equation). ―Float over text‖ should not be selected.IV.U NITSUse either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units are strongly encouraged.) English units may be used as secondary units (in parentheses). This applies to papers in data storage.For example, write ―15 Gb/cm2 (100 Gb/in2).‖ An exception is when English units are used as identifiers in trade, such as ―3½ in disk drive.‖ Avoid combining SI and CGS units, such as current in amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. This often leads to confusion because equations do not balance dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly state the units for each quantity in an equation.The SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m. However, if you wish to use units of T, either refer to magnetic flux density B or magnetic field strength symbolized as µ0H. Use the center dot to separate compound units, e.g., ―A·m2.‖V.H ELPFUL H INTSA.Figures and TablesBecause the final formatting of your paper is limited in scale, you need to position figures and tables at the top andPreparation of Papers for International Journal of Engineering Research and Management(IJERM) First Author Name, Second Author Name, Third Author Namebottom of each column. Large figures and tables may span both columns. Place figure captions below the figures; place table titles above the tables. If your figure has two parts, include the labels ―(a)‖ and ―(b)‖ as part of the artwork. Please verify that the figures and tables you mention in the text actually exist. Do not put borders around the outside of your figures. Use the abbreviation ―Fig.‖ even at the beginning of a sentence. Do not abbreviate ―Table.‖ Tables are numbered with Roman numerals.Include a note with your final paper indicating that you request color printing. Do not use color unless it is necessary for the proper interpretation of your figures. There is an additional charge for color printing.Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use words rather than symbols. As an example, write the quantity ―Magnetization,‖ or ―Magnetization M,‖ not just ―M.‖ Put units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. As in Fig. 1, for example, write ―Magnetization (A/m)‖ or ―Magnetization (A⋅m-1),‖ not just ―A/m.‖ Do not label axes with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write ―Temperature (K),‖ not ―Temperature/K.‖Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write ―Magnetization (kA/m)‖ or ―Magnetization (103A/m).‖ Do not write ―Magnetization (A/m) ⨯1000‖ because the reader would not know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant 16000 A/m or 0.016 A/m. Figure labels should be legible, approximately 8 to 12 point type.B.ReferencesNumber citations consecutively in square brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate brackets [1]–[3]. When citing a section in a book, please give the relevant page numbers [2]. In sentences, refer simply to the reference number, as in [3]. Do not use ―Ref. [3]‖ or ―reference [3]‖ except at the beginning of a sentence: ―Reference [3] shows ... .‖ Number footnotes separately in superscripts (Insert | Footnote).1 Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it is cited; do not put footnotes in the reference list (endnotes). Use letters for table footnotes (see Table I).Please note that the references at the end of this document are in the preferred referencing style. Give all authors’ names; do not use ―et al.‖ unless there are six authors or more. Use a space after authors' initials. Papers that have not been published should be cited as ―unpublished‖ [4]. Papers that have been submitted for publication should be cited as ―submitted for publication‖ [5]. Papers that have been accepted for publication, but not yet specified for an issue should be cited as ―to be published‖ [6]. Please give affiliations and addresses for private communications [7]. Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for proper nouns and element symbols. For papers published in translation journals, please give the English citation first, followed by the original foreign-language citation [8].1It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the unnumbered footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to integrate the footnote information into the text.C.Abbreviations and AcronymsDefine abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are used in the text, even after they have already been defined in the abstract. Abbreviations such as SI, ac, and dc do not have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate periods should not have spaces: write ―C.N.R.S.,‖ not ―C. N. R. S.‖ Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are unavoidable (for example, ―INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT‖ in the title of this article).D.EquationsNumber equations consecutively with equation numbers in parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). First use the equation editor to create the equation. Then select the ―Equation‖ markup style. Press the tab key and write the equation number in parentheses. To make your equations more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to avoid ambiguities in denominators. Punctuate equations when they are part of a sentence, as in.)()()||(exp)]2(/[),(21122λλλλλμσϕϕdrJrJzzrddrrFiijr-∞--⋅=⎰⎰(1)Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been defined before the equation appears or immediately following. Italicize symbols (T might refer to temperature, but T is the unit tesla). Refer to ―(1),‖ not ―Eq. (1)‖ or ―equation (1),‖ except at the beginning of a sentence: ―Equation (1) is ... .‖E.Other RecommendationsUse one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate complex modifiers: ―zero-field-cooled magnetization.‖ Avoid dangling participles, such as, ―Using (1), the potential was calculated.‖ [It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write instead, ―The potential was calculated by using (1),‖ or ―Using (1), we calculated the potential.‖Use a zero before decimal points: ―0.25,‖ not ―.25.‖ Use ―cm3,‖ not ―cc.‖ Indicate sample dimensions as ―0.1 cm ⨯ 0.2 cm,‖ not ―0.1 ⨯ 0.2 cm2.‖ The abbreviation for ―seconds‖ is ―s,‖ not ―sec.‖ Do not mix complete spe llings and abbreviations of units: use ―Wb/m2‖ or ―webers per square meter,‖ not ―webers/m2.‖ When expressing a range of values, write ―7 to 9‖ or ―7-9,‖ not ―7~9.‖A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.) In American English, periods and commas are within quotation marks, like ―this period.‖ Other punctuation is ―outside‖! Avoid contractions; for example, write ―do not‖ i nstead of ―don’t.‖ The serial comma is preferred: ―A, B, and C‖ instead of ―A,B and C.‖If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or plural and use the active voice (―I observed that ...‖ or ―We observed that ...‖ instead of ―It was observed that ...‖). Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not English, please get a native English-speaking colleague toproofread your paper.VI. S OME C OMMON M ISTAKESThe word ―data‖ is plural, not singular. The subscript for the permeability of vacuum µ0 is zero, not a lowercase letter ―o.‖ The term for residual magnetization is ―remanence‖; the adjective is ―remanent‖; do not write ―remnance‖ or ―remnant.‖ Use the word ―micrometer‖ instead of ―micron.‖ A graph within a graph is an ―inset,‖ not an ―insert.‖ The word ―alternatively‖ is preferred to the word ―alternately‖ (unless you really mean something that alternates). Use the word ―whereas‖ instead of ―while‖ (unless you are referring to simultaneous events). Do not use the word ―essentially‖ to mean ―approximately‖ or ―effectively.‖ Do not use the word ―issue‖ as a euphemism for ―problem.‖ When compositions are not specified, separate chemical symbols by en-dashes; for example, ―NiMn‖ indicates the intermetallic compound Ni 0.5Mn 0.5 whereas ―Ni–M n‖ indicates an alloy of some composition Ni x Mn 1-x .Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones ―affect‖ (usually a verb) and ―effect‖ (usually a noun), ―complement‖ and ―compliment,‖ ―discreet‖ and ―discrete,‖ ―principal‖ (e.g., ―principal investigator‖) and ―principle‖ (e.g., ―principle of measurement‖). Do not confuse ―imply‖ and ―infer.‖Prefixes such as ―non,‖ ―sub,‖ ―micro,‖ ―multi,‖ and ―"ultra‖ are not independent words; they should be joined to the words they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is no period after the ―et‖ in the Latin abbreviation ―et al.‖ (it is also italicized). The abbreviation ―i.e.,‖ means ―that is,‖ and the abbreviation ―e.g.,‖ means ―for example‖ (these abbreviations are not italicized).An excellent style manual and source of information for science writers is [9].VII. E DITORIAL P OLICYThe submitting author is responsible for obtaining agreement of all coauthors and any consent required from sponsors before submitting a paper. It is the obligation of the authors to cite relevant prior work.Authors of rejected papers may revise and resubmit them to the journal again.VIII. P UBLICATION P RINCIPLESThe contents of the journal are peer-reviewed and archival. The journal INTERNATIONAL JOURNALOF ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT publishes scholarly articles of archival value as well as tutorial expositions and critical reviews of classical subjects and topics of current interest. Authors should consider the following points: 1) Technical papers submitted for publication must advancethe state of knowledge and must cite relevant prior work.2) The length of a submitted paper should be commensurate with the importance, or appropriate to the complexity, ofthe work. For example, an obvious extension ofpreviously published work might not be appropriate for publication or might be adequately treated in just a few pages.3) Authors must convince both peer reviewers and theeditors of the scientific and technical merit of a paper; the standards of proof are higher when extraordinary or unexpected results are reported.4) Because replication is required for scientific progress,papers submitted for publication must provide sufficient information to allow readers to perform similar experiments or calculations and use the reported results. Although not everything need be disclosed, a paper must contain new, useable, and fully described information. For example, a specimen's chemical composition need not be reported if the main purpose of a paper is to introduce a new measurement technique. Authors should expect to be challenged by reviewers if the results are not supported by adequate data and critical details.IX. C ONCLUSIONA conclusion section is not required. Although a conclusion may review the main points of the paper, do not replicate the abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest applications and extensions.A PPENDIXAppendixes, if needed, appear before the acknowledgment.A CKNOWLEDGMENTThe preferred sp elling of the word ―acknowledgment‖ in American English is without an ―e‖ after the ―g.‖ Use the singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments. Avoid expressions such as ―One of us (S.B.A.) would like to thank ... .‖ Instead, write ―F. A. Author thanks ... .‖ Sponsor and financial support acknowledgments are placed in the unnumbered footnote on the first page .R EFERENCES[1] G. O. Young, ―Synthetic structure of industrial plastics (Book stylewith paper title and editor),‖ in Plastics , 2nd ed. vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64.[2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style). Belmont,CA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.[3] H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation . NewYork: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4. [4] B. Smith, ―An approach to graphs of linear forms (Unpublished work style),‖ unpublished.[5] E. H. Miller, ―A note on reflector arrays (Periodical style—Acceptedfor publication),‖ IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagate., to be published. [6] J. Wang, ―Fundamentals of e rbium-doped fiber amplifiers arrays(Periodical style —Submitted for publication),‖ IEEE J. Quantum Electron., submitted for publication.[7] C. J. Kaufman, Rocky Mountain Research Lab., Boulder, CO, privatecommunication, May 1995.[8] Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka , and Y. Tagawa, ―Electron spectroscopy studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrateinterfaces(Translation Journals style),‖ IEEE Transl. J. Magn.Jpn., vol. 2, Aug. 1987, pp. 740–741 [Dig. 9th Annu. Conf. Magnetics Japan, 1982, p. 301].[9] M. Young, The Technical Writers Handbook. Mill Valley, CA:University Science, 1989.[10] (Basic Book/Monograph Online Sources) J. K. Author. (year, month,day). Title (edition) [Type of medium]. Volume(issue). Available:http://www.(URL)[11]J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available:[12](Journal Online Sources style) K. Author. (year, month). Title. Journal[Type of medium]. Volume(issue), paging if given. Available:http://www.(URL)[13]R. J. Vidmar. (1992, August). On the use of atmospheric plasmas aselectromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3).pp. 876—880. Available: /pub/journals/21ps03-vidmarFirst Author personal profile which contains their education details, their publications, research work, membership, achievements, with photo that will be maximum 200-400 words.Second Author personal profile which contains their education details, their publications, research work, membership, achievements, with photo that will be maximum 200-400 words.Third Author personal profile which contains their education details, their publications, research work, membership, achievements, with photo that will be maximum 200-400 words.S。
北京理工大学论文模板
（封皮）题目姓名2014年2月（书脊即封皮侧面需打印）题目北京理工大学中图分类号：UDC分类号：论文题目作者姓名姓名学院名称软件学院指导教师XXX答辩委员会主席XXX 教授申请学位工程硕士学科专业软件工程学位授予单位北京理工大学论文答辩日期2014年2月TitleCandidate Name：XXXSchool or Department: School of SoftwareFaculty Mentor: XXXChair, Thesis Committee：Prof. XXXDegree Applied: Master of Engineering Major：Software Engineering Degree by: Beijing Institute of Technology The Date of Defence：February，2014研究成果声明本人郑重声明：所提交的学位论文是我本人在指导教师的指导下进行的研究工作获得的研究成果。
尽我所知，文中除特别标注和致谢的地方外，学位论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含为获得北京理工大学或其它教育机构的学位或证书所使用过的材料。
与我一同工作的合作者对此研究工作所做的任何贡献均已在学位论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。
特此申明。
签名：日期：关于学位论文使用权的说明本人完全了解北京理工大学有关保管、使用学位论文的规定，其中包括：①学校有权保管、并向有关部门送交学位论文的原件与复印件；②学校可以采用影印、缩印或其它复制手段复制并保存学位论文；③学校可允许学位论文被查阅或借阅；④学校可以学术交流为目的,复制赠送和交换学位论文；⑤学校可以公布学位论文的全部或部分内容（保密学位论文在解密后遵守此规定）。
签名：日期：导师签名：日期：摘要摘要是一篇具有独立性和完整性的短文，应概括而扼要地反映出本论文的主要内容。
包括研究目的、研究方法、研究结果和结论等，特别要突出研究结果和结论。
2014大学英语四级作文真题范文及答案
2014大学英语四级作文真题范文及答案English: With the rapid development of technology, online shopping has become increasingly popular in recent years. Many people prefer to purchase goods online for its convenience, variety of choices, and competitive prices. They can compare prices and read reviews easily without leaving their homes. In addition, online shopping allows people to shop at any time of the day, which is a huge advantage for those with busy schedules. However, online shopping also has its drawbacks. The main concern is the security of personal information and online transactions. Hackers are constantly finding ways to steal sensitive data, which poses a risk to online shoppers. Furthermore, the inability to physically see or try on products before purchasing may lead to dissatisfaction with the quality or fit of the item. In conclusion, while online shopping offers numerous benefits, consumers should also be cautious and vigilant to protect themselves from potential risks.中文翻译: 随着科技的快速发展，近年来网购变得越来越流行。
2014年英语四级作文
2014年英语四级作文参考范文：With the rapid development of technology, social media has become an indispensable part of people's lives. It is no doubt that social media has brought about significant changes to the way people communicate, interact and live. However, its impact on people's lives is a double-edged sword.On the one hand, social media has greatly facilitated communication and interaction among people. With the help of social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and WeChat, people can easily connect with friends and family, no matter where they are. They can share their thoughts, experiences, and emotions with others, and receive instant feedback and support. Social media has also become a powerful tool for people to voice their opinions and express their concerns about social issues. It has played a crucial role in promoting social movements and raisingpublic awareness of various problems.On the other hand, the excessive use of social media has also brought about negative impacts on people's lives. Many people, especially the younger generation, are addicted to social media, spending hours scrolling through their news feeds, checking updates, and posting selfies. This has led to decreased face-to-face communication and interaction, as well as a lack of real human connections. Moreover, social media has also become a platform for cyberbullying, spreading rumors, and promoting unrealistic beauty standards, which has caused psychological harm to many individuals.In addition, the constant exposure to social media has also led to a decrease in productivity and an increase in procrastination. Many people find themselves unable to focus on their work or studies, as they are constantly distracted by notifications and updates from social media. This has led to a decline in overall performance and efficiency.In conclusion, social media has undoubtedly had a profound impact on people's lives. While it has brought about positive changes in communication and interaction, it has also brought about negative consequences such as addiction, cyberbullying, and decreased productivity. Therefore, it is important for people to use social media in a responsible and mindful manner, and to be aware of its potential impact on their lives. Only by using social media wisely can we truly benefit from its advantages and minimize its negative effects.。
英语2014专八作文范文
英语2014专八作文范文英文回答：In the face of the rapidly changing global landscape, the question of whether individuals should prioritize their own interests or the interests of society has sparked considerable debate. While both perspectives offer valid arguments, a balanced approach that acknowledges the importance of both self-interest and societal well-being is likely to yield optimal outcomes for individuals and society as a whole.On the one hand, it is undeniable that individuals have a responsibility to pursue their own interests and strive for their personal happiness and fulfillment. After all, each individual is the best judge of their own needs, desires, and capabilities. By prioritizing their own self-interest, individuals can optimize their potential, achieve their goals, and live a meaningful life. Moreover, the pursuit of individual interests can contribute to societalprogress by fostering innovation, creativity, and economic growth.On the other hand, it is equally important to recognize the importance of societal well-being. A healthy and just society provides a stable and supportive environment for individuals to thrive. By contributing to society, individuals not only benefit themselves but alsocollectively improve the quality of life for all. Social responsibility can manifest itself in various forms, such as volunteering, ethical consumption, and political participation. By engaging in these activities, individuals can make a positive impact on their communities and help shape a better future for all.Ultimately, the question of prioritizing self-interest or societal interests is a false dichotomy. A harmonious balance between the two is essential for both individual and societal flourishing. Individuals who are mindful of their own interests while also being cognizant of their social responsibilities can navigate the complexities of modern society and contribute to the greater good.中文回答：在瞬息万变的全球格局面前，“个人利益优先”还是“社会利益优先”引发了广泛讨论。
论文开头英语模板作文
论文开头英语模板作文英文回答：Introduction。
In the realm of scientific inquiry, the hypothesis serves as a crucial cornerstone upon which the edifice of knowledge is built. A well-crafted hypothesis provides a roadmap for research, guiding the formulation of experiments, the interpretation of data, and the ultimate elucidation of scientific phenomena. In this essay, we will delve into the concept of hypothesis testing, exploring its methodology, statistical underpinnings, and its profound implications for the advancement of human understanding.Definition of Hypothesis Testing。
Hypothesis testing is a statistical procedure that enables researchers to make inferences about a population based on a sample. It involves formulating a hypothesis,collecting data, and using statistical analysis to determine whether the data provides evidence to support or reject the hypothesis.Methodology of Hypothesis Testing。
英语四级作文范文2014
英语四级作文范文20142014年英语四级作文范文，My View on Internet Addiction。
With the rapid development of the Internet, people's lives have been greatly changed. However, some people, especially the young, are addicted to the Internet. In my opinion, Internet addiction has negative effects on young people.Firstly, Internet addiction can lead to physical problems. Many young people spend long hours sitting infront of the computer, which can cause eye strain, back pain, and other health problems. Besides, they may neglect their meals and sleep, which can weaken their immune system and make them more susceptible to illnesses.Secondly, Internet addiction can have negative effects on young people's mental health. Many young people become addicted to online games, social networking sites, andother online activities. They may spend so much time on theInternet that they neglect their studies, hobbies, and social life. As a result, they may become isolated, depressed, and anxious.Moreover, Internet addiction can have a negative impact on young people's academic performance. Many young people spend so much time on the Internet that they neglect their studies. As a result, their grades may suffer, and they may have trouble keeping up with their schoolwork.In order to address the problem of Internet addiction, I believe that both individuals and society as a whole need to take action. Firstly, individuals need to be aware of the negative effects of Internet addiction and take steps to limit their Internet use. They can set a time limit for their Internet use, take regular breaks, and engage in other activities such as exercise, hobbies, and socializing with friends. Secondly, society as a whole needs to provide support and resources for young people who are struggling with Internet addiction. Schools, parents, and other institutions can provide education and counseling on the dangers of Internet addiction and offer support andresources for young people who are struggling with this problem.In conclusion, Internet addiction has negative effects on young people's physical and mental health, as well as their academic performance. In order to address this problem, both individuals and society as a whole need to take action to limit Internet use and provide support and resources for those who are struggling with Internet addiction. By taking these steps, we can help young people lead healthier, more balanced lives.。
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原创性声明（黑体、小2号、加粗、居中）（段前为0.5行、段后为0.5行）□□本人呈交的毕业论文，是在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果，所有数据、图片资料真实可靠。
尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本毕业论文的研究成果不包含他人享有著作权的内容。
对本论文所涉及的研究工作做出贡献的其他个人和集体，均已在文中以明确的方式标明。
本毕业论文的知识产权归属于培养单位。
（宋体小4号）本人签名：（手签）日期：摘□□要（黑体小2 居中）（段前为0.5行、段后为0.5行）《德伯家的苔丝》是19世纪英国批判现实主义小说家托马斯·哈代的代表作。
哈代将其与其他几部作品一并归类于“性格与环境的小说”。
以前对他的文学批评多以人物本身以及当时社会的人物构建为中心，采用马克思主义、消费主义和女性这一理论基础进行分析，本文将采用生态批评理论分析苔丝的悲剧成因。
哈代认为社会转型期内的历史性的巨变不是进步，反而代表着失望和遗憾。
工业革命和现代化的生活方式都导致女性逐步的脱离自然。
在哈代的写作生涯中,他对人与自然、男性和女性的关系一直给予高度关注，他认为自然和人类是紧密相连的,自然是女性生存的沃土而女性则是自然的化身,女性和自然在经验与体验上都是相统一的,她们的命运也是相辅相成的,所以生态批评主义者倡导建构生态和谐的社会。
不仅使大自然摆脱被剥削的命运,也激发人们对于日益严重的环境危机的生态保护意识。
本文利用生态批评主义文学理论, 并通过文献综述法，从男性与女性关系和人类与自然关系两方面来揭示哈代《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的悲剧根源。
通过揭示苔丝悲剧的根本所在不仅能够警示读者认识到人类文明进步是以对自然环境的破坏为代价的，而且使人类意识到保护自然环境，与自然和谐相处的重要性。
(宋体小4，1.5倍行距 )中间无标点符号关键词：生态批评主义□苔丝悲剧根源□女性和自然□和谐（黑体4）（宋体小4）（所有文本页边距：上边距为25mm，下边距为20mm，左边距为25mm，右边距为20mm）顺序为:中英文摘要、中英文目录、这四页页码为罗马数字ABSTRACT(Times New Roman小2加粗)（段前为0.5行、段后为0.5行）Tess of the D'Urbervilles is the representative works of Thomas，the British critical realist in the nineteenth century. Hardy classified it with the other works in the "novels of Character and Environment. The critical studies of Thomas Hardy have always tended to find the root of Tess’s tragedy from the Marxist，consumerist or feminist perspectives．However, this paper will find out the tragic fate of Tess in Tess of the d’Urbervilles from the perspective of Ecocriticism. In his eyes，historical changes in transitional society don’t necessarily mean development and progress，but imply failure and regret．Industrial civilization and modern life separate them from nature. Throughout his writing career, he has given much attention to the relations between human and nature, men and women. He believes that the nature and human are closely linked, which means that natural is fertile ground for the survival of women, moreover, women are the symbol of natural. They are the unity of experience, and their fate is complementary. Not only nature can get rid of the fate of being exploited, but also women can get the complete liberation. This thesis just attempts to apply the theory of Ecocriticism to reinterpret and analyze Tess of the d’Urbervilles, namely, one of the masterpieces representing his highest achievements. By using the literary theory of Ecocriticism and Literature analysis，the author analyzes the root of Tess’s tragedy from the relationships between men to women and man to nature．Through the analysis of the root of Tess’s tragedy, readers can not only deeply understand the fact that civilization is built up at the cost of destruction of natural beauty and ecological equilibrium，but also realize the importance of being in harmonious relationship with nature．(Times New Roman小4号，单倍行距)Key words: Ecocriticism root of Tess’s tragedy female and nature harmony（Times New Roman体小4 加粗）（Times New Roman体小4）关键词之间无标点符号，空一个字符（即两格）目□□录（黑体小2 居中）（段前为0.5行、段后为0.5行）1□引言 (1)2□生态批评的核心理论简介(各章的名称黑体4号，其余宋体小4) (3)□□2.1□生态批评理论 (4)□□2.2□生态批评主义作为环境保护的原则 (5)3□基于生态批评理论分析苔丝悲剧的原因 (5)□□3.1□苔丝作为自然的象征反映了生态批评者的观点 (7)□□3.2□生态变化和苔丝生活的转变 (9)□□3.3□资本文明对苔丝命运的破坏 (13)4□女性和自然应有的和谐关系 (14)□□4.1□自然与女性的等值 (14)□□4.2□女性自然化 (15)结束语 (16)致谢 (17)参考文献 (18)(结束语、致谢、参考文献黑体4号加粗)注意页脚形式（此处即页码形式）和正文不一样CONTENTS1 Introduction (1)2 Brief Introduction of Ecocriticism Theory (3)2.1Ecocriticism theory (3)2.2 Ecocriticism as the princple of environment protection (4)3 The Analysis of Tess’s Tragedy Based on Ecocriticism (5)3．1 The connection between natural scenery and Tess’s fate (5)3．2 Seasons alternation combining with Tess’s life changes (7)3．3 The tension relationship between human and nature (9)3．4 The destruction of Tess’s normal life by capitalist civilization错误！未定义书签。
4 The Humorous between Woman and Nature .. .错误！未定义书签。
4．1 The equivalence between woman and nature .................. 错误！未定义书签。
4．2 The naturalized character of woman ................................ 错误！未定义书签。
Conclusion ............................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
Acknowledgments ................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
References ............................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
目录其他基本要求：1.目录页排版只排到二级标题，如果有三级标题，仅在文中出现，不需要在目录中出现；2.排版时每个次级标题比上级标题缩进一次（按Tab键）；目录不宜过长，一般控制在一页之内；3.一级标题中的介词（含五个字母和多于5个字母）该介词的首字母也需要大写；4．各级标题尽量用名词性短语，做到言简意赅，尽量避免单独用动词或较长句子做标题；5.第二章节对理论的介绍应控制在2页之内；6．带数字序号的一级标题不能少于4个（不含后面的Conclusion）；7.Conclusion应分成3个小标题来写，但小标题不出现在目录里面；8.注意模板中各称谓的统一性，比如“引言”不要擅自写成“简介”，“结束语”不要擅自写成“结论”，“Conclusion”用单数形式，“Acknowledgements”“References”需要用复数形式；9.注意目录两端对齐；目录的排版应运用自动生成目录格式，以免打印时出现该模板上面的错误提示字样，具体操作可以在网上百度，也可以具体咨询外国语学部校内实习基地B17办公室江城译站的实习生们。