2014论文模版(英文)

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摘□□要

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《德伯家的苔丝》是19世纪英国批判现实主义小说家托马斯·哈代的代表作。哈代将其与其他几部作品一并归类于“性格与环境的小说”。以前对他的文学批评多以人物本身以及当时社会的人物构建为中心，采用马克思主义、消费主义和女性这一理论基础进行分析，本文将采用生态批评理论分析苔丝的悲剧成因。哈代认为社会转型期内的历史性的巨变不是进步，反而代表着失望和遗憾。工业革命和现代化的生活方式都导致女性逐步的脱离自然。在哈代的写作生涯中,他对人与自然、男性和女性的关系一直给予高度关注，他认为自然和人类是紧密相连的,自然是女性生存的沃土而女性则是自然的化身,女性和自然在经验与体验上都是相统一的,她们的命运也是相辅相成的,所以生态批评主义者倡导建构生态和谐的社会。不仅使大自然摆脱被剥削的命运,也激发人们对于日益严重的环境危机的生态保护意识。本文利用生态批评主义文学理论, 并通过文献综述法，从男性与女性关系和人类与自然关系两方面来揭示哈代《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的悲剧根源。通过揭示苔丝悲剧的根本所在不仅能够警示读者认识到人类文明进步是以对自然环境的破坏为代价的，而且使人类意识到保护自然环境，与自然和谐相处的重要性。

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关键词：生态批评主义□苔丝悲剧根源□女性和自然□和谐

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顺序为:中英文摘要、中英文目录、这四页页码为罗马数字

ABSTRACT

(Times New Roman小2加粗)（段前为0.5行、段后为0.5行）Tess of the D'Urbervilles is the representative works of Thomas，the British critical realist in the nineteenth century. Hardy classified it with the other works in the "novels of Character and Environment. The critical studies of Thomas Hardy have always tended to find the root of Tess’s tragedy from the Marxist，consumerist or feminist perspectives．However, this paper will find out the tragic fate of Tess in Tess of the d’Urbervilles from the perspective of Ecocriticism. In his eyes，historical changes in transitional society don’t necessarily mean development and progress，but imply failure and regret．Industrial civilization and modern life separate them from nature. Throughout his writing career, he has given much attention to the relations between human and nature, men and women. He believes that the nature and human are closely linked, which means that natural is fertile ground for the survival of women, moreover, women are the symbol of natural. They are the unity of experience, and their fate is complementary. Not only nature can get rid of the fate of being exploited, but also women can get the complete liberation. This thesis just attempts to apply the theory of Ecocriticism to reinterpret and analyze Tess of the d’Urbervilles, namely, one of the masterpieces representing his highest achievements. By using the literary theory of Ecocriticism and Literature analysis，the author analyzes the root of Tess’s tragedy from the relationships between men to women and man to nature．Through the analysis of the root of Tess’s tragedy, readers can not only deeply understand the fact that civilization is built up at the cost of destruction of natural beauty and ecological equilibrium，but also realize the importance of being in harmonious relationship with nature．

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Key words: Ecocriticism root of Tess’s tragedy female and nature harmony

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