(完整)初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、句子结构与成分1.'My father bought me a new watch yesterday.' It is a structure of.A. S+V+PB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+DO+COD. S+V+DO【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:昨天我爸给我买了一块新手表。
它是S+V+IO+DO结构。
My father (主语S) +bought (谓语V) +me (间接宾语ID) +a new watch (直接宾语DO),故选Bo【点评】考查句结构和成分。
注意识记S+V+IO+DO结构的用法。
2.—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:一一他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!一一是的,她的声音听起来很甜美。
sweet甜的;small小的;clearly清楚地;sadly伤心地。
sound是系动词,后跟形容词,故选Ao【点评】考查系表结构。
3.John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是:主语 +谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
故答案为Do【点评】考查句子成分。
牢记句子成分。
4.Choose the correct structure (结构)of this sentence "He lent me a book."A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意"Helent me a book”。
初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案
初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案句子成分是指句子中各个部分的语法作用和关系。
英语句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。
下面是一些初中英语句子成分的练习及答案。
练习一:1. The cat chased the mouse.2. My sister is a doctor.3. The boy with the red hat is my friend.4. She sings beautifully.5. The teacher gave us a lot of homework.请判断每个句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
答案:1. 主语:The cat;谓语:chased;宾语:the mouse。
2. 主语:My sister;谓语:is;宾语:a doctor。
3. 主语:The boy;谓语:is;定语:with the red hat;宾语:my friend。
4. 主语:She;谓语:sings;状语:beautifully。
5. 主语:The teacher;谓语:gave;宾语:us;定语:a lot of;宾语补足语:homework。
练习二:1. The tall man in the blue shirt is my father.2. The dog barked loudly at the mailman.3. My mother cooked a delicious dinner for us.4. The students are studying hard for the exam.5. The sun sets in the west.请在每个句子中找出主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
答案:1. 主语:The tall man in the blue shirt;谓语:is;宾语:my father。
2. 主语:The dog;谓语:barked;状语:loudly;宾语:at the mailman。
(完整word版)初二初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案.doc
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主、、(直接、接)、表、定和状、足等。
(一)主:主是述的象,表示所的“是什么” 或“是”。
一般由名、代、不定式或相当于名的或短来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1) Lucy is a beautiful nurse.(名作主)(2) He reads newspapers every day. (代作主)(3) Smoking is harmful to the health. (名作主)(4) To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. (不定式作主)(5) What we should do is not yet decided. (主从句作主)(二)明主“做什么” “是什么”或“怎么” 。
(部分里主要的)必是。
和主在人称和数两方面必一致。
它在主后面。
如: His parents are teachers.(系和表一起作)We study hard.(行作)We don’tfinish reading the book.(助和行一起作)He can speak English.(情和行一起作)(三)是作、行的象,由名、代、不定式或相当于名的、短来担任,它和及物一起明主做什么。
一般放在之后。
She is doing her homework now. (名作)She says( that) she is ill. (从句作)We often help him. (代作)He likes to play basketball. (不定式作)We enjoy listening to the music.我喜听音。
(名短作)明 1:是及物涉及到的人或物,一般放在及物之后。
介后面的名或代或名,称介。
名、代、数常在句中做或介。
另外,不定式可作;名和从句也可用作。
明 2:及物作,后面要跟。
分直接和接。
初中英语句子成分讲解简单明了附练习答案
初中英语句子成分一.句子的成分:句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语句子的成分次要成分:表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等(一)主语:主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,Subject表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
注意:在there be结构、疑问(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语动词、助动词或情态动词后面。
例如:T om is a good boy.(名词)W e o ften speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)T o swim in the river is a gr eat pleasure.(不定式)Smoking do e s harm t o the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化形容词)When we are going to have an English test has no t been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
说明主语“做什么”、Predicate“是什么”或“怎么样”,一般由动词或动词短语来充当,一般放在主语之后。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语的构成如下:1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
例如:I like apples.(动词)He practices running every morning.(动词短语)2.复合谓语:(1)由(情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形)构成;例如:Y ou may k eep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由(系动词+表语)构成。
(完整版)初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
(完整版)初中英语句⼦成分讲解_练习及答案句⼦成分及基本句型⼀、考点、热点回顾【句⼦的成分】在英⽂中句⼦成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补⾜语等。
(⼀)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表⽰所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
⼀般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句⾸。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(⼆)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分⾥主要的词)必须是动词。
谓语和主语在⼈称和数两⽅⾯必须⼀致。
它在主语后⾯。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语⼀起作谓语)We study hard. (⾏为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和⾏为动词⼀起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和⾏为动词⼀起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、⾏为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词⼀起说明主语做什么。
⼀般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听⾳乐。
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)(一)主语:就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者。
它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题。
如:我看书。
谁看书?“我”。
“我”就是这句子的主语。
主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当。
(如动词不定式,动名词,代词都可作主语,主语从句)主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east、(名词) He likes dancing、(代词)Twenty years is a short time in history、 (数词)Seeing is believing、(动名词) To see is to believe、(不定式)What he needs is a book、(主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree、(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)谓语:说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样。
它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题。
如上句中主语“我”干什么?“看书”。
“看书”就是谓语。
一个句子,一般都可分成主、谓两大部分(祈使句是省主句)。
再细分又可分成谓语(动词)、宾语,表语,补语(包括宾补和主补),定语,状语,同位语等。
如第一例中谓语部分可划分成谓语(看)和宾语(书)。
谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型。
句子的各种时态、人称和数的变化都在谓语动词上变。
谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English、 He is asleep、宾语:指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格。
如:还说上例。
谓语动词是“看”,看什么?看“书”,“书”是动词“看”所涉及的对象,是“看”的宾语。
需要说明的是:只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语。
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)
英语句子成分划分详解(一)主语:就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者。
它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题。
如:我看书。
谁看书?“我”。
“我”就是这句子的主语。
主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当。
(如动词不定式,动名词,代词都可作主语,主语从句)主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. (动名词)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book.(主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)谓语:说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样。
它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题。
如上句中主语“我”干什么?“看书”。
“看书”就是谓语。
一个句子,一般都可分成主、谓两大部分(祈使句是省主句)。
再细分又可分成谓语(动词)、宾语,表语,补语(包括宾补和主补),定语,状语,同位语等。
如第一例中谓语部分可划分成谓语(看)和宾语(书)。
谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型。
句子的各种时态、人称和数的变化都在谓语动词上变。
谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.He is asleep.宾语:指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格。
如:还说上例。
谓语动词是“看”,看什么?看“书”,“书”是动词“看”所涉及的对象,是“看”的宾语。
需要说明的是:只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语。
(英语)初中必备英语句子结构与成分技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析
(英语)初中必备英语句子结构与成分技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、句子结构与成分1.'My father bought me a new watch yesterday.' It is a structure of_________.A. S+V+PB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+DO+COD. S+V+DO【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:昨天我爸给我买了一块新手表。
它是S+V+IO+DO结构。
My father (主语S)+bought(谓语V)+me(间接宾语ID)+a new watch(直接宾语DO),故选B。
【点评】考查句结构和成分。
注意识记S+V+IO+DO结构的用法。
2.Which of the following sentences is correct?A. He came in and sat down.B. We all like <Harry Potter>.C. When we met. He didn't say hello.D. We went out, headed for the bus stop.【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:下面那个句子是正确的。
A是简单句,came和sat是并列谓语,都是一般过去式,所以A正确。
B中的符号不符合英语习惯,在英语中没有书名号,表示书名时通常用斜体字形式。
C句的标点符号是错误的,把met后的句号改为逗号才符合复合句的定义。
D句中headed前应加上and或者将headed改为heading构成伴随状语。
因此选A。
【点评】考查句法知识。
3.John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是_____________.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案
腾训学校语法班---句子成分及基本句型【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
初中英语句子成分讲解-练习及答案
腾训学校语法班---句子成分及基本句型【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案
腾训学校语法班 ---句子成分及基本句型句子的成分在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语直接宾语、间接宾语、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等..一主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象;表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”..一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当..它在句首..如:1Lucy is a beautiful nurse. 名词作主语2He reads newspapers every day. 代词作主语3Smoking is harmful to the health. 动名词作主语4To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.不定式作主语5What we should do is not yet decided. 主语从句作主语二谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”..谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致..它在主语后面..如:His parents are teachers. 系动词和表语一起作谓语We study hard. 行为动词作谓语We don’t finish reading the book. 助动词和行为动词一起作谓语He can speak English. 情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语三宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象;由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任;它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么..一般放在谓语之后..She is doing her homework now.名词作宾语 She saysthatshe is ill.宾语从句作动词宾语We often help him.代词作宾语 He likes to play basketball.不定式作宾语We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐..动名词短语作宾语说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物;宾语一般放在及物动词之后..介词后面的名词或代词或动名词;称为介词宾语..名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语..另外;动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语..说明2:及物动词作谓语时;后面要跟宾语..宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语..直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人..间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前..不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语..有的动词可以跟..如:give; show 给……看;bring; pass; buy等..如:1Our teacher tells us a story. 2The sun gives us light.间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后;在表示“人”间接宾语前加“to”的有:give; show; send; bring; read; pass; lend; leave; hand; tell; return; write; throw; promise答应; refuse拒绝等..间接宾语加“for”的有:make; buy; do; get; play; order命令; sing; pay等1I give him a book. 改成:2He passes me the book.他将书递给我.. 改成:3He writes me a letter. 改成:4He will buy me some books. 改成:5She is making me a cake. 改成:四宾语补足语在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分;称为宾语补足语..名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语..宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语..如:They make her happy.形容词 I see her dance.不定式We’ll help you to make the Olympics a success.名词Please let him in.副词 We heard her singing a song.分词短语五表语表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”;由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任..它的位置在系动词后面..如:I am a teacher.名词He is always happy.形容词They are on the playground now.介词短语It gets cold.形容词Be动词am;is;are; was; were系动词表保持keep; stay; remain表改变get; become; turn感官动词feel;sound听起来;seem/look看起来;taste尝起来;smell 闻起来如:It sounds interesting.sound为系动词;interesting为表语We should all remain careful. Remain为系动词; careful为表语六定语定语是用来修饰名词或代词的..形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等..单个词作定语时;通常放在它所修饰的名词之前..如:The black bike is mine.形容词What’s your name代词 They make paper flowers.名词说明1:nothing; anything; everything; something 等时;定语在不定代词后面.. 如:I tell him something interesting.形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语He has something to do. to do为不定式作后置定语说明2;也放在被修饰的名词之后..如:The boys in the room are in Class Four. in the room是介词短语作the boys的后置定语..七状语修饰动词、形容词、副词..一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义;一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示..状语一般放在句末;但有的可以放在句首、句中..如:He did it carefully.副词 We often help him.副词Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.介词短语When I grow up; I am going to be a teacher.从句作时间状语He sits there.副词地点状语简单句的五种基本句型A. 主语+不及物动词主谓如:The sun rises. 太阳升起来..The car stopped. 小汽车停下来了..rise和stop都是不及物动词;因此后边不必加宾语..B. 主语+及物动词+宾语主谓宾如:I love my country. He helps me. I like action movies.I buy a book.C. 主语+系动词+表语主系表如:Her brother is a driver.We feel happy.feel为系动词;表示感到……It gets dark.天黑了..get为系动词;表示变得Tom looks ill. Tom看上去病了..look为系动词;表示看上去;看起来D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语直接宾语、间接宾语主谓+直宾+间宾如:He gives Tom a present.双宾语他给汤姆一件礼物..Mother make a new dress for me.双宾语妈妈为我做了一件衣服..E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语主+谓+宾+宾补如:They call her Mary.宾补他们叫她Mary..We make our classroom clean and tidy.宾补我们使我们的教室干净而整齐..He always makes us laugh.宾补他总使我们笑..一、典型例题写出划线部分的句子成分..1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.2. Her garden is the bestin our town.3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.4. I like this book very much.5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.6. She didn’t cometo my party because she was ill.7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully. 8. We will go to theChildren’s Palace once a week.9. They are in the classroom. 10. It sounds good.11. His name is Paul. 12. We always go to school early.二、课后练习一挑出下列句中的宾语①My brotherdoesn'tdohis homework.A B C D②Peoplealloverthe worldspeakEnglish.A B C D③ You must paygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.A B C D④ How many newwordsdoyoulearnA B C D⑤ Some of thestudentsin the school wantto go swimming;howaboutyouA B C D二挑出下列句中的表语①The old manisfeelingverytired.A B C D② Why isheworriedaboutJimA B C D③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.A B C D④ SoonTheyallbecome interestedin the subject.A B C D⑤ Sheisthe firstto learnabout it.A B C D三挑出下列句中的定语①TheyuseMr. Mrs. with thefamilyname.A B C D②WhatisyourgivennameA B C D③ On thethirdlapareClass 1 and Class 3.A B C D④ I amafraidsomepeopleforgotto sweepthe floor.A B C D⑤The mandownstairswastryingto sleep.A B C D四挑出下列句中的宾语补足语① Shelikesthe childrento read newspapers and booksin thereading-room.A B C D② Heasksherto take the boyout of school.A B C D③ Shefinditdifficultto do the work.A B C D④ TheycallmeLilysometimes.A B C D⑤IsawMr. Wangget on the bus.A B C D五挑出下列句中的状语①Thereisa big smileon her face.A B C D②Every nightheheardthe noiseupstairs.A B C D③ Hebeganto learnEnglishwhen he was eleven.A B C D④The manon the motorbikeis travellingto fast.A B C D⑤With the medicine box under her arm;MissLihurried off.A B C D六划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语① Please tell us a story. ② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. ④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤ Does he leave any message for me典型例题答案一.写出划线部分的句子成分..1. 主;谓;宾;状2. 定;状3. 表4. 谓;宾;状5. 定;定6. 谓;状7. 谓;宾;状8. 谓;状9. 表10. 表11. 定;表12. 状;状课后练习三① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B 四①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B五① C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B 六① C ② C ③ C ④ C ⑤ D七① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A 八① us; 间接宾语 a story; 直接宾语② me; 间接宾语 a new bike; 直接宾语③ us; 间接宾语 history; 直接宾语④ Tom; 间接宾语 it; 直接宾语⑤ me; 间接宾语 message; 直接宾语。
完整版初中英语句子成分讲解练习包括答案
腾训学校语法班---句子成分及根本句型【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语〔直接宾语、间接宾语〕、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
〔一〕主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么〞或“是谁〞。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1〕Lucy is a beautiful nurse.〔名词作主语〕〔2〕He reads newspapers every day.〔代词作主语〕〔3〕Smokingis harmful to the health.〔动名词作主语〕(4〕 To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. 〔不定式作主语〕(5〕 What we should do is not yet decided. 〔主语从句作主语〕〔二〕谓语说明主语“做什么〞“是什么〞或“怎么样〞。
谓语〔谓语局部里主要的词〕必须是动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如: His parents are teachers.〔系动词和表语一起作谓语〕We study hard.〔行为动词作谓语〕We don’tfinish reading the book.〔助动词和行为动词一起作谓语〕He can speak English.〔情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语〕〔三〕宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now. 〔名词作宾语〕She says〔 that〕 she is ill. 〔宾语从句作动词宾语〕We often help him. 〔代词作宾语〕He likes to play basketball. 〔不定式作宾语〕We enjoy listening to the music.我们喜欢听音乐。
初中英语的句子成分及基本句型讲解-练习-答案
初中英语的句子成分及基本句型讲解-练习-答案句子成分及基本句型【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
初一英语句子的成分试题答案及解析
初一英语句子的成分试题答案及解析1.连词成句(5分)【1】at , always, my, gets, grandpa, up, 5:30, the, in ,morning__________________________________________________【答案】My grandpa always gets up at 5:30 in the morning.【解析】句意:我祖父总是在早晨5:30起床. gets up起床; in the morning在早晨,在上午.【2】sends, with, computer, his , emails, he____________________________________________________【答案】He sends emails with his computer.【解析】句意:他用电脑给我发邮件。
With用。
【3】sometimes, play, after, school, we , football___________________________________________________【答案】Sometimes we play football after school.【解析】我们有时候放学后踢足球。
play football踢足球;after school放学后。
【4】help, me, can, save ,my, you, document_______________________________________________________?【答案】Can you help me save my document?【解析】你能帮我保存我的文档吗?save my document保存我的文档。
【5】sports ,when, you, do, usually, do_______________________________________________________【答案】When do you usually do sports?【解析】你通常什么时候体育运动?do sports做运动。
初中英语句子成分讲解学习练习以及答案
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热门回首【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包含:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语叙述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充任。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucyisabeautifulnurse. (名词作主语)(2)Hereadsnewspaperseveryday. (代词作主语)(3)Smokingisharmfultothehealth. (动名词作主语)(4)ToswiminKunmingLakeisagreatpleasure. (不定式作主语)(5)Whatweshoulddoisnotyetdecided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)一定是动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数双方面一定一致。
它在主语后边。
如:Hisparentsareteachers. (系动词和表语一同作谓语)Westudyhard. (行为动词作谓语)Wedon ’tfinishreadingthebook.(助动词和行为动词一同作谓语)HecanspeakEnglish. (神态动词和行为动词一同作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担当,它和及物动词一同说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语以后。
Sheisdoingherhomeworknow. (名词作宾语)Shesays (that)sheisill. (宾语从句作动词宾语)Weoftenhelphim. (代词作宾语)Helikestoplaybasketball.(不定式作宾语)Weenjoylisteningtothemusic.我喜听音。
(名短作)明1:是及物波及到的人或物,一般放在及物以后。
介后边的名或代或名,称介。
初中英语句子成分讲解-练习及答案
腾训黉舍语法班 ---句子成分及基本句型之杨若古兰创作【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包含:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等.(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,暗示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”.普通由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当.它在句首.如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎样样”.谓语(谓语部分里次谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须分歧.它在主语后面.如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一路作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一路作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一路作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一路说明主语做什么.普通放在谓语以后.She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语) She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语) He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们爱好听音乐.(动名词短语作宾语)说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语普通放在及物动词以后.介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语.名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语.另外,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语.说明2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语.宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语.之前.不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语.有的动词可以跟.如:give, show (给……看),bring, pass, buy等.如:(1)Our teacher tells us a story. (2)The sun gives us light.间接宾语如果放在直接宾语以后,在暗示“人”的间接宾语之前会give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise(答应), refuse(拒绝)等.间接宾语加“for”的有:make, buy, do, get, play, order(命令), sing, pay等(1)I give him a book. 改成:(2)He passes me the book.(他将书递给我.)改成:(3)He writes me a letter. 改成:(4)He will buy me some books. 改成:(5)She is making me a cake. 改成:(四)宾语补足语在宾语后面弥补说明宾语的动作、形态、特征的成分,称为宾语补足语.名词、描述词、副词、介词短语和动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语.宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语.如:They make her happy.(描述词) I see her dance.(不定式)We’ll help you to make the Olympics a success.(名词)Please let him in.(副词) We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)(五)表语表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎样样”,由名词、描述词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或描述词或短语来担任.它的地位在系动词后面.如:I am a teacher.(名词)He is always happy.(描述词)They are on the playground now.(介词短语)It gets cold.(描述词)Be动词(am,is,are, was, were)系动词表坚持(keep, stay, remain)表改变(get, become, turn)感官动词(feel,sound(听起来),seem/look(看起来),taste (尝起来),smell(闻起来))如:It sounds interesting.(sound为系动词,interesting为表语) We should all remain careful. Remain(为系动词,careful为表语)(六)定语定语是用来润色名词或代词的.描述词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于描述词的词或短语等.单个词作定语时,通常放在它所润色的名词之前.如:The black bike is mine.(描述词)What’s your name?(代词)They make paper flowers.(名词)说明1:nothing, anything, everything, something 等时,定语在不定代词后面. 如:I tell him something interesting.(描述词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语)He has something to do. (to do为不定式作后置定语)说明2作定语时,也放在被润色的名词以后.如:The boys in the room are in Class Four. (in the room是介词短语作the boys的后置定语.)(七)状语润色动词、描述词、副词.普通暗示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,普通由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来暗示.状语普通放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中.如:He did it carefully.(副词) We often help him.(副词)Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.(介词短语)When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.(从句作时间状语)He sits there.(副词地点状语)【简单句的五种基本句型】A. 主语+不及物动词(主谓)如:The sun rises. 太阳升起来.The car stopped. 小汽车停上去了.rise和stop都是不及物动词,是以后边不必加宾语.B. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)如:I love my country. He helps me. I like action movies. I buy a book.C. 主语+系动词+表语(主系表)如:Her brother is a driver.We feel happy.(feel为系动词,暗示感到……)It gets dark.天黑了.(get为系动词,暗示变得)Tom looks ill. Tom看上去病了.(look为系动词,暗示看上去,看起来)D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)(主谓+直宾+间宾)如:He gives Tom a present.(双宾语)他给汤姆一件礼物.Mother make a new dress for me.(双宾语)妈妈为我做了一件衣服.E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)如:They call her Mary.(宾补)他们叫她Mary.We make our classroom clean and tidy.(宾补)我们使我们的教室干净而划一.He always makes us laugh.(宾补)他总使我们笑.一、典型例题写出划线部分的句子成分.1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.2. Her garden is the best in our town.3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.4. I like this book very much.5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully. 8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week.9. They are in the classroom. 10. It sounds good.11. His name is Paul. 12. We always go to school early.二、课后练习(一) 挑出以下句中的宾语① My brother doesn't do his homework.A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B C D③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.A B C D④ How many new words do you learn ?A B C D⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B C D(二) 挑出以下句中的表语① The old man is feeling very tired.A B C D② Why is he worried about Jim?A B C D③ The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D④ Soon They all become interested in the subject.A B C D⑤ She is the first to learn about it.A B C D(三) 挑出以下句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.A B C D② What is your given name?A B C D③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B C D④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.A B C D(四) 挑出以下句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A B C D② He asks her to take the boy out of school.A B C D③ She find it difficult to do the work.A B C D④ They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D(五) 挑出以下句中的状语① There is a big smile on her face.A B C D② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.A B C D③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C D④ The man on the motorbike is travelling to fast.A B C D⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.A B C D(六) 划出句中的直接宾语( )和间接宾语()① Please tell us a story. ② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. ④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤ Does he leave any message for me?典型例题答案一.写出划线部分的句子成分.1. 主,谓,宾,状2. 定,状3. 表4. 谓,宾,状5. 定,定6. 谓,状7. 谓,宾,状8. 谓,状9. 表10. 表11. 定,表12. 状,状课后练习(三) ① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B (四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B(五) ① C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B (六) ① C ② C ③ C ④ C ⑤ D(七) ① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A (八) ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语。
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句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
(动名词短语作宾语)说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。
介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语。
名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。
另外,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。
说明2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语。
宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。
直接宾语是及物动词的。
间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。
不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。
有的动词可以跟。
如:give, show(给……看),bring, pass, buy 等。
如:(1)Our teacher tells us a story.(2)The sun gives us light.间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后,在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词间接宾语前加“to”的有:give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise(答应), refuse(拒绝)等。
间接宾语加“for”的有:make, buy, do, get, play, order(命令), sing, pay等(1)I give him a book. 改成:(2)He passes me the book.(他将书递给我。
)改成:(3)He writes me a letter. 改成:(4)He will buy me some books. 改成:(5)She is making me a cake. 改成:(四)宾语补足语在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分,称为宾语补足语。
名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。
宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。
如:They make her happy.(形容词)I see her dance.(不定式)We’ll help you to make the Olympics a success.(名词)Please let him in.(副词)We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)(五)表语表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任。
它的位置在系动词后面。
如:I am a teacher.(名词)He is always happy.(形容词)They are on the playground now.(介词短语)It gets cold.(形容词)Be动词(am,is,are, was, were)系动词表保持(keep, stay, remain)表改变(get,become,turn)感官动词(feel,sound(听起来),seem/look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来))如:It sounds interesting.(sound为系动词,interesting为表语)We should all remain careful. Remain(为系动词,careful为表语)(六)定语定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。
形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。
单个词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。
如:The black bike is mine.(形容词)What’s your name?(代词)They make paper flowers.(名词)说明1:nothing, anything, everything, something等时,定语在不定代词后面。
如:I tell him something interesting. (形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语)He has something to do. (to do为不定式作后置定语)说明2作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。
如:The boys in the room are in Class Four. (in the room是介词短语作the boys的后置定语。
)(七)状语修饰动词、形容词、副词。
一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。
状语一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中。
如:He did it carefully.(副词)We often help him.(副词)Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.(介词短语)When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.(从句作时间状语)He sits there.(副词地点状语)【简单句的五种基本句型】A. 主语+不及物动词(主谓)如:The sun rises. 太阳升起来。
The car stopped. 小汽车停下来了。
rise和stop都是不及物动词,因此后边不必加宾语。
B. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)如:I love my country. He helps me. I like action movies. I buy a book.C. 主语+系动词+表语(主系表)如:Her brother is a driver.We feel happy.(feel为系动词,表示感到……)It gets dark.天黑了。
(get为系动词,表示变得)Tom looks ill. Tom看上去病了。
(look为系动词,表示看上去,看起来)D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)(主谓+直宾+间宾)如:He gives Tom a present.(双宾语)他给汤姆一件礼物。
Mother make a new dress for me.(双宾语)妈妈为我做了一件衣服。
E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)如:They call her Mary.(宾补)他们叫她Mary。
We make our classroom clean and tidy.(宾补)我们使我们的教室干净而整齐。
He always makes us laugh.(宾补)他总使我们笑。
二、典型例题写出划线部分的句子成分。
1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.2. Her garden is the best in our town.3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.4. I like this book very much.5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully.8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week.9. They are in the classroom.10. It sounds good.11. His name is Paul.12. We always go to school early.三、课后练习(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother doesn't do his homework.A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B C D③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.A B C D④How many new words do you learn ?A B C D⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B C D(二) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man is feeling very tired.A B C D②Why is he worried about Jim?A B C D③ The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D④Soon They all become interested in the subject.A B C D⑤She is the first to learn about it.A B C D(三) 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.A B C D② What is your given name?A B C D③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B C D④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.A B C D(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A B C D②He asks her to take the boy out of school.A B C D③She find it difficult to do the work.A B C D④They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D(五) 挑出下列句中的状语① There is a big smile on her face.A B C D② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.A B C D③He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C D④ The man on the motorbike is travelling to fast.A B C D⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.A B C D(六) 划出句中的直接宾语( )和间接宾语()①Please tell us a story.②My father bought a new bike for me last week.③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤Does he leave any message for me?典型例题答案一.写出划线部分的句子成分。