定语从句中that与who的用法区别

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用who不用that的定语从句

用who不用that的定语从句

用who不用that的定语从句关于定语从句,我们常常会用到“that”。

但是,还有一个同样强大的关系代词——“who”,它可以用来指代人,在定语从句中使用。

1. 作为主语的who当who作为定语从句中的主语时,指代的是主句中的人。

例句:The man who is sitting next to me is a doctor.(坐在我旁边的那个人是医生。

)注意:如果从句中的谓语动词是不及物动词,那么它的主语就是who,如果是及物动词,则需要再通过从句中添加宾语。

例句:The girl who I saw at the party is my best friend.(我在派对上看到的那个女孩是我的最好朋友。

)2. 作为宾语的who当who作为定语从句中的宾语时,指代的是主句中的宾语。

例句:I met a man who he said he knew you.(我遇见了一个男人,他说他认识你。

)3. 作为介词宾语的who当who作为定语从句中的介词宾语时,指代的是介词后面的人。

例句:The girl with whom I went to the concert is a big fan of the band.(我和这个女孩一起去听音乐会,她是这个乐队的狂热粉丝。

)4. 作为表语的who当who作为定语从句中的表语时,指代的是主句中的主语。

例句:The winner of the competition is who he worked the hardest.(比赛的获胜者是他最努力工作的人。

)总结用who不用that的定语从句,可以使句子更加自然流畅。

在使用时需要注意,作为主语或宾语时要与主句中的人一一对应,作为介词宾语时要放在介词后面,作为表语时要放在谓语动词之后。

熟练掌握这些用法,可以让我们写出更加优美、流畅的句子。

that与who的用法区别

that与who的用法区别

that与who的用法区别一、初识that与who在英语中,that和who是两个常见的关系代词,用于引导定语从句或者限定性定语从句。

尽管它们通常可以互换使用,但在某些情况下,它们有一些细微差别。

了解这些差异对于正确运用英语语法至关重要。

本文将详细介绍that与who的用法区别。

二、that的用法1. 引导限定性定语从句That用作引导限定性定语从句时,在修饰人和物时都可以使用。

例1:I have a friend that always makes me laugh.(我有一个总是让我笑的朋友。

)例2:The car that I bought last year is very reliable.(我去年买的车非常可靠。

)2. 代替不确定身份或不具名字的人或物That还可用来代替不确定身份或没有具体名字的人或物。

例3:Do you know anyone that can help us with the project?(你认识哪个能帮助我们完成这个项目的人吗?)例4:Is there a restaurant around here that serves vegetarian food?(附近有一家供应素食的餐馆吗?)3. 引导间接引语中的宾语从句That也可在间接引语中引导宾语从句。

例5:She said that she would come to the party.(她说她会来参加派对。

)例6:I heard that they are getting married next month.(我听说他们下个月要结婚。

)三、who的用法1. 引导限定性定语从句Who通常用于引导修饰人的限定性定语从句。

它指代先行词为人的情况。

例7:The woman who is sitting next to me is my sister.(坐在我旁边的那个女人是我姐姐。

)例8:He is a doctor who specializes in cardiovascular diseases.(他是一名专门研究心血管疾病的医生。

定语从句that与who别

定语从句that与who别

定语从句that与who别定语从句that与who别引导语:在定语从句中,关系代词who 和that都可指人和物,在一般情况下,可以互换使用,但在下列情况下值得注意,之间的区别:一、用who 而不用that的情形1.在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who 。

例:My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before thisChristmas.我姐姐,她在国外,就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。

2.当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时,只能用who。

例:Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to thestudents?你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗?3.当先行词为people和those时,只能用who.例:Those who want to go there come here please.那些想去那儿的人请来这边。

4.当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时,只能用who。

例:Anyone who is against us is our enemy.任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。

5. 先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who。

例:The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days.昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。

6. 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who 。

例:There are students in our class who / whom you have met.我们班有些学生你见过。

7.当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时,若一个定语从句的引导词为that, 那么,另一个定语从句的引导词必定为who。

定语从句中先行词指人时

定语从句中先行词指人时

定语从句中先行词指人时,who 和that 的区别who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解在定语从句中,关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物,在一般情况下,可以互换使用,但在下列情况下值得注意:一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom)。

如:My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐,她在国外学习,就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。

(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时,只能用who (whom)。

如:Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗?(3) 当先行词为people和those时,只能用who (whom)。

如:Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。

(4) 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时,只能用who (whom)。

如:Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。

(5) 先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who。

如:The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。

(6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom)。

定语从句that与who用法区别

定语从句that与who用法区别

定语从句that与who用法区别定语从句that与who用法区别定语从句that与who用法你还不知?那么,店铺现在为你整理定语从句that与who用法区别,希望对你有帮助,祝你学习进步!两者都可用作关系代词指人,有时可互换,但以下几点需注意:1.在all, nobody, no one, somebody, someone, anybody等词之后两者都可用,但以用that较普通。

如:All that [who] heard him were delighted.所有听了他讲话的人都很高兴。

Have you met anybody that [who] has been to Paris?你遇见过到过巴黎的人吗?2.在序数词、形容词最高级以及the only, the same, the very等之后两者都可用,但以用that较普通。

如:Newton was one of the greatest men that [who] ever lived.牛顿是世界上最伟大的人物之一。

He is the only one among us that [who] knows Russian.他是我们中间唯一懂俄语的人。

3.引导非限制性定语从句时,通常只用who。

如:Mrs Smith, who has a lot of teaching experience, will be joining us next term.史密斯夫人很有教学经验,她下个学期将来与我们一道工作。

4.但是在下列情况,通常只用that():①当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。

如:I made a speech on the men and things that I had seen abroad.我就我在国外所见到的人和事作了报告。

②当先行词是who时(为避免重复)。

如:Who that has sympathy can laugh on that occasion?有同情心的人谁会在那个时候发笑呢?③当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略)。

that which who whom whose的用法

that which who whom whose的用法

that which who whom whose的用法在英语中,有一些词汇常常用来引导定语从句,这些词汇包括that,which,who,whom和whose。

这些词汇有不同的用法,下面我们来详细了解一下它们的用法。

1. thatthat用来引导限定性定语从句,修饰先行词,起到限定先行词的作用。

例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书很有趣。

)在这个例子中,that引导的定语从句修饰先行词book,表示这本书是我昨天买的那本书。

2. whichwhich也用来引导限定性定语从句,与that的用法类似,但which 通常用于修饰物品。

例如:The car which is parked outside is mine.(停在外面的那辆车是我的。

)在这个例子中,which引导的定语从句修饰先行词car,表示这辆车是我的。

3. whowho用来引导限定性定语从句,修饰先行词,表示先行词是人。

例如:The man who is standing over there is my boss.(站在那边的那个人是我的老板。

)在这个例子中,who引导的定语从句修饰先行词man,表示这个人是我的老板。

4. whomwhom也用来引导限定性定语从句,与who的用法类似,但whom 通常用于作宾语。

例如:The woman whom I met yesterday is a famous actress.(我昨天遇到的那个女人是一位著名的演员。

)在这个例子中,whom引导的定语从句修饰先行词woman,表示这个女人是一位著名的演员。

5. whosewhose用来引导限定性定语从句,修饰先行词,表示先行词的所有权。

例如:The man whose car was stolen is very angry.(车被偷的那个人非常生气。

定语从句中that与who的用法区别

定语从句中that与who的用法区别

学习好资料欢迎下载定语从句中that与who的用法区别1. 两者均可指人,有时可互换(包括当先行词为all, anyone, someone等,同时也包括先行词受the only 等的修饰时):All that [who] heard him were delighted. 所有听了他讲话的人都很高兴。

He is the only one among us that [who] knows Russian.他是我们中间唯一懂俄语的人。

Anyone who [that] is over sixteen is allowed in. 任何超过十六岁的人都允许进去。

It is impolite to turn your back on someone who [that] is speaking to you. 人家跟你说话,你把背朝人是不礼貌的。

2. 但是在下列情况,通常要用that:①当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时:I made a speech on the men and things that I had seen abroad. 我就我在国外所见到的人和事作了报告。

②当先行词是who时(为避免重复):Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯?③当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略):Tom is not the boy (that) he was. 汤姆这孩子已不是以前那个样子了。

3. 但是在下列情况,通常要用who:当先行词为those 且指人时,英语习惯上要用who 来引导定语从句。

如:Those who do not wish to go need not go. 不愿去的人不需要去。

Those who couldn’t walk were carried on stretchers. 那些不能走的人都用担架抬着。

关系代词that和who的区别

关系代词that和who的区别

关系代词that和who 的区别首先:用作关系代词的who 和that 都可以引导定语从句,用于指人,两者常可互换,但以下几点需注意:用法一:在all, nobody, no one, somebody, someone, anybody 等词之后两者都可用,但以用that 较普通。

例:Hands up, anyone who knows the answer.知道答案的请举手。

All who / that heard the story were amazed.听到这个故事的人都感到吃惊。

He was a man who was beloved by all who knew him.每一个他所认识的人都敬重他。

用法二:在序数词、形容词最高级以及the only, the same, the very 等之后两者都可用,但以用that 较普通。

例:She is the most beautiful girl I ever saw.她是我生平见过的最美丽的女孩。

用法三:引导非限制性定语从句时,通常只用who。

例: He confessed to his wife, who said she had thought as much. 他向妻子坦白了,他妻子说她事先已料到会如此。

Mrs Smith, who has a lot of teaching experience, will be j oining us next term.史密斯夫人很有教学经验,她下个学期将来与我们一道工作。

用法四:当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时,通常只用that。

例:He was watching the children and parcels that filled the car.他望着塞满车的孩子和包裹。

The passengers and the suitcases that were still waiting had to be transferred to another plane.仍在等待的乘客和行李只得改乘另一架飞机。

定语从句中that_与who一些特殊用法

定语从句中that_与who一些特殊用法
5,先行词是all,much,little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one 等代词时。
You should hand in all that you have.
6,先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very等词修饰时。
Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.
3,先行词有较长的后置定语时,宜用who。
I met a foreign in the street yesterday who could ask me question in chinese.
2,先行词是序数词,或它前面有一个序数词时。 3,主句有疑问词who或which时。
Which is the biLeabharlann e that you lost ?
4,先行词有人又有物时,宜用that。
The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to police station.
Li Ming is the only one that wants to be a teacher .
7,有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用 which,另一个宜用that。
Edison bulit up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
二、先行词指物,用that不宜用which的情况。
1,先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级 时。

thatwho定语从句的区别

thatwho定语从句的区别

一、 that和who的用法1.1 that和who都是用来引导定语从句的关系代词,但它们在使用上有一些区别。

1.2 that一般用来引导非限定性定语从句,修饰无生命的事物或抽象概念。

1.3 who一般用来引导限定性定语从句,修饰人或者有生命的事物。

二、 that的使用情况2.1 that可以用来引导修饰无生命的事物的定语从句,如"I like the book that you rmended."2.2 that还可以用来引导非限定性定语从句,如"He has a car that is very expensive."三、 who的使用情况3.1 who通常用来引导修饰人或有生命的事物的限定性定语从句,如"The man who is standing over there is my brother."3.2 who也可以用来引导非限定性定语从句,如"Those who work hard will succeed."四、 that和who的区别4.1 that和who都可以用来引导定语从句,但在修饰人或有生命的事物时,一般使用who,修饰无生命的事物时一般使用that。

4.2 that引导的从句通常是限定性定语从句,而who引导的从句通常是非限定性定语从句。

五、例句5.1 "The students who study hard will pass the exam."(修饰人的定语从句)5.2 "I have a cat that likes to sleep all day."(修饰事物的定语从句)六、结论6.1 虽然that和who都可以用来引导定语从句,但在具体使用时需要根据修饰的对象来决定使用哪一个。

需要注意区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的使用情况。

七、引导非限定性定语从句的情况7.1 除了上文提到的,that还可以用来引导非限定性定语从句,修饰无生命的事物或抽象概念。

that和who的用法辨析

that和who的用法辨析

that和who的用法辨析一、that和who的用法辨析在英语中,that和who都是关系代词,常用于引导定语从句。

它们有着不同的用法和含义,在句子中起到连接主句与从句的作用。

本文将详细介绍和辨析这两个关系代词的使用方法,并给出一些例句进行说明。

二、that的用法1. 当先行词是事物(非人)时,通常使用that来引导定语从句。

例如:- I bought the book that you recommended.我买了你推荐的那本书。

- This is the car that I want to buy.这是我想要买的那辆车。

2. 在非正式口语中,有时可以省略that。

例如:- I found the keys (that) you lost.我找到了你丢失的钥匙。

3. 当先行词是不可数名词或抽象名词时,只能使用that来引导定语从句。

例如:- Honesty is a value that everyone admires.诚实是所有人所崇拜的价值观。

4. 当两个并列分句具有相同的主语时,后一个分句可以省略主语,并由“that + 谓语动词”引导。

例如:- She said she was tired and (that) she wanted to go home.她说她累了,想回家。

三、who的用法1. 当先行词是人时,通常使用who来引导定语从句。

例如:- The woman who is sitting over there is my aunt.那个坐在那儿的女人是我的姑姑。

- He is the teacher who taught me English.他是教过我英语的老师。

2. 当先行词指代一组或一类人,且为复数形式时,使用who来引导定语从句。

例如:- People who exercise regularly tend to live longer.经常锻炼的人往往寿命更长。

定语从句关系代词that 和who用法区别详解

定语从句关系代词that 和who用法区别详解

1.当关系代词指人时,关系代词既可用who,也可以用that.但在以下情况用who.1.当先行词是persons,people,those时.例如:Those who are for my plan ,please put up your hands.同意我的计划的人请举手.Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.好争者被轻视.2.当先行词是he,one,all,any,they等时,例如:He who has not reached the Great Wall isn't a true man.不到长城非好汉.All who had seen this film were moved.看过这部电影的人都受感动.3.在非限定性定语从句中用who.例如:I want him,who knows some English and French.我要他,他懂得些英语和法语.I will pardon you,who are honest.我愿意宽恕你,你是诚实的.4.在强调句型中多用who,在口语中who可以省略.例如:I think it is you who should come here tomorrow.我认为你明天应该来这儿.It is he who can do this work.只有他能够干此工作.5.当关系代词在从句中作表语时用that.例如:She is not the woman that she used to be.她已经不是过去的她了.China is not the country that it used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了.6.避免重复.例如:Who was it the man that you danced with last night?昨天晚上和你一起跳舞的那个人是谁? Who is it the girl that often comes to school early?常常早到校的那个女孩是谁?7.当先行词前面有指示代词same时,要用that.例如:That is the same woman that spoke at the meeting yesterday.这个与昨天在会议上讲话的是同一个人.He is the same person that killed that woman.他就是杀害那位妇女的人.8.当先行词既有人,又有物时.例如:He was watching the children and parcels that filled the car.他望着塞满车的孩子和包裹.Let’s talk about the persons and the things that we can remember.让我们谈论能够想起的人和事.9.当先行词前面有形容词最高级、序数词或only等词修饰时.例如:I knew her father for the simplest, hardest working man that ever drew the breath of life.我早知她的父亲是一个世上最简朴最努力工作的人.。

that who which在定语从句中的用法

that who which在定语从句中的用法

that who which在定语从句中的用法在定语从句中,that、who和which可以作为关系代词引导定语从句,用于修饰前面的名词或代词。

它们在用法和语法特点上略有不同,请看下面的解释和例句:1. “that”作为关系代词使用:a) 用于代替人和物,可以用来引导限定性定语从句(非限定性定语从句通常不用“that”);b) 可以在定语从句中充当主语、宾语和表语。

例句:- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

)- He is the person that/who helped me with my homework.(他是帮助我做作业的人。

)- This is the house that/which my parents built.(这是我父母建造的房子。

)2. “who”作为关系代词使用:a) 只用于代替人,在非限定性定语从句中充当主语;b) 可以在定语从句中充当主语、宾语和表语。

例句:- Tom, who is my best friend, will visit me tomorrow.(汤姆是我的好朋友,他明天会来看我。

)- The woman who/whom I met at the party is a famous actress.(我在派对上遇到的那个女人是一位著名的演员。

)- She is the one who/whom everyone admires.(她是大家都敬仰的人。

)3. “which”作为关系代词使用:a) 只用于代替物,在非限定性定语从句中充当主语;b) 可以在定语从句中充当主语、宾语和表语。

例句:- The car, which is parked outside, belongs to my neighbor.(停在外面的那辆车属于我的邻居。

)- The book which/that I borrowed from the library is very informative.(我从图书馆借的那本书非常有启发性。

定语从句中先行词指人时,who 和 that 的区别

定语从句中先行词指人时,who 和 that 的区别

定语从句中先行词指人时,who 和that 的区别who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解在定语从句中,关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物,在一般情况下,能够互换使用,但在下列情况下值得注意:一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom)。

如:My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐,她在国外学习,就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。

(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词实行隔位修饰时,只能用who (whom)。

如:Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你理解黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗?(3) 当先行词为people和those时,只能用who (whom)。

如:Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。

(4) 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时,只能用who (whom)。

如:Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。

(5) 先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who。

如:The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。

(6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom)。

英语语法:who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解

英语语法:who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解

英语语法:who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom)。

如:My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautifulpresent just before this Christmas. 我姐姐,她在国外学习,就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。

(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词实行隔位修饰时,只能用who (whom)。

如:Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你理解黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗?(3) 当先行词为people和those时,只能用who (whom)。

如:Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。

(4) 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时,只能用who (whom)。

如:Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。

(5) 先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who。

The man who came here yesterday said he would come again ina few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。

(6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom)。

如:There are students in our class who / whom you have met. 我们班有些学生你见过。

(7) 当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时,若一个定语从句的引导词为that, 那么,另一个定语从句的引导词必定为who。

只用who不用that的几种定语从句情形解析

只用who不用that的几种定语从句情形解析
只用 who不用 that的几种定语从句情形解析
在定语从句中who和which都是关系代词,都在句中作主语,that除作主语以外还可以作宾语, 指代人或物,而who只能指人。在接下来的讲解中会看到只用who不用that的情形。 1.只指人,并且在从句中作主语的情况 A.The man who is a new one has rent a flat in downtown of New York for a long time. 新来的这个人在纽约市中心租了一栋公寓,有一段时间了。(the man 指人并在句中作主语) He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。 B.The girl who has looked for a job with the help of her tutor is fortunate. 这个女孩在导师的帮助下找到了一份工作,她是幸运的。(the girl 指人并在句中作主语) C.The professor who wrote a book is teaching history. 写这本书的专家正在教历史。(the professor既指人又在句中作主语) 2.在非限定性定语从句中作主语,并指人时 A.He feel honored to work with Mr.Li, who has good reputation in the business. 他感到很荣幸和李先生一起工作,李先生在业界有着良好的声誉。 B.Where is the girl, who was the witness in the severe accident. 作为这场严重车祸的目击者的这Байду номын сангаас女孩在哪? C.The scientists, who invented a kind of immune medicine. 科学家发明了一种免疫性的药物。 3.先行词是god, angel,fairy等词时,用who不用that。 A.In the oil painting, the state of angels who smiled at each other delivered the artist`s emotional. 在油画中,天使互相微笑的状态传递了艺术家的情感。

定语从句that who which whose的用法

定语从句that who which whose的用法

定语从句中的关系代词 that、who、which 和 whose 在使用上各有特点,以下是对它们用法的总结:that:that 可以引导限制性定语从句,用于指代人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

当 that 在从句中作宾语时,可以省略。

示例:Do you know the boy that is standing over there? (that 指代人,在从句中作主语)She is no longer the girl that she used to be. (that 指代人,在从句中作表语)I can describe the person (that) I saw. (that 指代人,在从句中作宾语,可省略)who:who 主要用于引导定语从句,修饰表示人的先行词,在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时多用宾格 whom,但现代英语中 who 常可替代whom)。

示例:The girl who won the competition is my classmate. (who 指代人,在从句中作主语)The person (whom/who) you met is my friend. (who 或 whom 指代人,在从句中作宾语)which:which 主要用于引导定语从句,修饰表示事物的先行词,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

which 还可以引导非限制性定语从句,此时不能用 that 替代。

示例:This is the book which I bought yesterday. (which 指代物,在从句中作宾语)The house, which is very beautiful, is located in the countryside. (非限制性定语从句,which 指代物,在从句中作主语)whose:whose 用于引导定语从句,表示所属关系,其先行词可以是人或物。

定语从句的引导词与关系词的辨析

定语从句的引导词与关系词的辨析

定语从句的引导词与关系词的辨析在英语语法中,定语从句是一种用来修饰名词或代词的从句结构。

而在定语从句中,引导词与关系词起着至关重要的作用,它们不仅连接主句与从句,还在从句中充当特定的语法角色。

然而,由于引导词与关系词存在着一定的差异,容易引起学习者的混淆。

本文将对定语从句的引导词与关系词进行详细的辨析和解释。

1. 引导词“that”与关系词“that”的用法区别引导词“that”用于引导定语从句时,可以在从句中做主语、宾语或表语,如:- The book that I bought is very interesting. (引导从句中的主语)- The girl that you met yesterday is my sister. (引导从句中的宾语)- This is the house that I used to live in. (引导从句中的表语)而关系词“that”用于连接主句与从句,起到引导从句的作用。

在这种情况下,关系词“that”在从句中不再充当特定的语法角色。

例如: - He told me that he would come tomorrow. (连接主句与从句)- I know that you like this song. (连接主句与从句)2. 引导词“which”与关系词“which”的用法区别引导词“which”用于引导非限制性定语从句时,可以在从句中做主语、宾语或表语,如:- The book, which is written by a famous author, is very interesting. (引导非限制性定语从句中的主语)- This is my car, which you borrowed last week. (引导非限制性定语从句中的宾语)- The house, which is newly built, is very beautiful. (引导非限制性定语从句中的表语)而关系词“which”用于连接主句与从句,起到引导从句的作用。

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定语从句中that与who的用法区别
1. 两者均可指人,有时可互换(包括当先行词为all, anyone, someone等,同时也包括先行词受the only 等的修饰时):
All that [who] heard him were delighted. 所有听了他讲话的人都很高兴。

He is the only one among us that [who] knows Russian.他是我们中间唯一懂俄语的人。

Anyone who [that] is over sixteen is allowed in. 任何超过十六岁的人都允许进去。

It is impolite to turn your back on someone who [that] is speaking to you. 人家跟你说话,你把背朝人是不礼貌的。

2. 但是在下列情况,通常要用that:
①当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时:
I made a speech on the men and things that I had seen abroad. 我就我在国外所见到的人和事作了报告。

②当先行词是who时(为避免重复):
Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯?
③当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略):
Tom is not the boy (that) he was. 汤姆这孩子已不是以前那个样子了。

3. 但是在下列情况,通常要用who:
当先行词为those 且指人时,英语习惯上要用who 来引导定语从句。

如:
Those who do not wish to go need not go. 不愿去的人不需要去。

Those who couldn’t walk were carried on stretchers. 那些不能走的人都用担架抬着。

It is said that those who eat the most are the least healthy. 据说吃得最多的人身体最差。

Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in. 只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。

The plan was supported by those who wished to listen to more good English. 这计划受到想多听好英语的人的支持。

Let us spend a few moments in silence so that / in order that we remember those who died to preserve our freedom. 让我们默哀片刻,以缅怀那些为维护我们的自由而牺牲了的人们。

注:偶尔也可见到在 who 之后用that 引导定语从句的用例,但相当少见。

如:
The danger is that people who pay their bills on time will be lumped in with those that don’t. 危险的是那些及时付账的人将会同那些不及时付账的人混在一起。

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