仲伟合 英语口译基础教程 口译第四组第四单元
(完整word版)口译基础教程对话练习答案--仲伟合
Unit 1❖李颖：We are going to ascend the great wall tomorrow morning. So I’d like to go to bed early and have a good sleep this evening. You know climbing the great wall is not an easy job.❖明天早上我们计划去爬长城，所以我想今晚早点休息，好好睡一觉。
你知道爬长城可不是一件简单的事情。
❖Jack: Great. The Great Wall is very famous and becomes a must for tourist in Beijing.Would you tell me something about it?❖好啊。
长城那么有名，是游客来北京必去的景点。
你能和我说一说长城么？❖李颖：OK. The construction of the great wall took altogether over 2000years.it started in the Zhou dynasty in the 7th century. B.C. And continued until Ming Dynasty in the 15th century A.D. The existing wall was built in the Ming Dynasty.❖好。
长城的整个建筑过程持续了总共两千多年，始于公元七世纪的周朝，后来一直延续到公元后十五世纪的明朝。
现存的城墙都是明朝修建的。
❖Jack: The Great Wall is indeed the crystallization of the industry and wisdom of the Chinese people and also a symbol of ancient Chinese culture. Then why the ancient people built the wall?❖长城的确是中国人民勤劳智慧的结晶，同时也是中国古代文化的象征.那么为什么古代人民要修建长城呢？❖李颖：It was constructed to guard against the invasion by nomadic tribes from the north.When enemy troops approached, guards on watch would send smoke signals from the beacon-fire towers as an alarm.❖修建长城是为了抵御来自北方游牧民族的入侵。
仲伟合：英语口译教程
Text 2.1Each of you is a witness to that potential, in what you have learned and achieved here, and in your own hopes for the future. Twenty years ago, almost to the day, President Ronald Reagan spoke at this university and expressed the essence of economic and political freedom. // It is based, he said, on a belief in the dignity of each man, woman, and child. Free institutions, he said, reflect, in appreciation of the special genius of each individual, and of his special right to make his own decisions and lead his own life.//诸位在这里学业有成，诸位对未来充满憧憬，在座的每一位都是这种潜力的见证。
几乎在整整二十年前，里根总统曾到贵校发表演讲，道出了经济和政治自由的真谛，他说，自由的根基在于坚持男女老幼都具有尊严的信念。
他还说，自由的制度反映了尊重每一个人特有的聪明才智，尊重每一个人拥有自主自决、自由自在生活的特定权利。
Compared to President Nixon‟s, or even President Reagan‟s day, many Chinese citizens are now freer to make their own ways in life –to choose careers, to acquire property, and to travel. And across this land are many millions of young people just like you, with their own abilities and their own expectations of a better life for themselves, their families and their country.// 与尼克松总统访华甚至里根总统访华的时期相比，如今大量中国公民获得了更多的自由，正在开拓自己的生活道路。
《仲伟合口译》课件
仲伟合口译面临的挑战
语言差异：不同语 言之间的语法、词 汇、表达方式等差 异
文化差异：不同文 化背景、价值观、 思维方式等差异
技术挑战：口译过 程中需要快速、准 确地处理大量信息 ，对技术要求较高
心理挑战：口译过 程中需要保持高度 集中，承受较大的 心理压力
仲伟合口译的未来发展趋势
技术进步：人工智能、大数据等技术的发展将推动口译行业的变革 市场需求：随着全球化的加速，口译需求将持续增长 职业化：口译行业将更加专业化，对译员的要求也将提高 教育改革：口译教育将更加注重实践和应用，培养更多高素质的口译人才
仲伟合口译的实践与案 例分析
仲伟合口译实践经验分享
口译技巧：如 何快速准确地
翻译
口译案例：如 何应对不同场 合的口译需求
口译难点：如 何处理口译过
程中的难点
口译心得：如 何提高口译水 平，成为一名 优秀的口译员
仲伟合口译案例分析
案例一：联合国大会口译 案例二：国际会议口译 案例三：商务谈判口译 案例四：文化交流口译 案例五：新闻发布口译 案例六：学术交流口译
仲伟合口译的技巧与方 法
听力理解技巧
集中注意力：保持高度专注， 避免分心
捕捉关键词：注：快速理解并做出反 应，避免错过重要信息
信息处理技巧
快速阅读：通过 快速阅读获取信 息，提高效率
信息筛选：筛选 出重要信息，剔 除无关信息
信息整合：将筛选 出的信息进行整合， 形成完整的信息链
信息记忆：通过记 忆技巧，记住重要 信息，提高口译准 确性
表达传达技巧
准确理解 原文：准 确理解原 文的含义 和情感， 确保翻译 的准确性
语言流畅： 使用流畅、 自然的语 言进行翻 译，避免 生硬和晦 涩
英语口译教程unit 4
Zhejiang University (founded in 1897): Seek Truth and Be Creative
19
Peking University (founded in 1898): Patriotism, Advancement, Democracy and 20 Science
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Memory Exercise – Making use of memory aids.
D. Exercise 2: Information stored in an incorporative way (its logical hierarchy): Two chunks: 1. general statement of demand exceeding supply 2. a parallel illustration of the imbalance between the supply and the demand.
1. What contributes to a good university?
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2. Why is Oxford Brookes considered a new
university in Britain although it has a long history? It is called a new university because it started in Oxford in 1865 as a school of art and then it has gradually grown. After being a school of art, it became a college of technology. After the college of technology, it became a polytechnic and about ten years ago, it became a university. It is a new university in that sense even though it has a very long history.
口译教程4
Module 4 Note—taking in interpretingI Theory and skills口译笔记的特点与结构安排口译笔记是译员应该掌握的一项核心技能.口译笔记是译员记忆的延伸和补充，记录得当的笔记能减轻译员工作时的记忆负担，保证工作质量，确保信息的完整、准确.由于口译受时间所限，口译笔记具有即时、简短、个性化的特点。
在笔记训练中没有标准的笔记供效仿，而只有一些示范和建议。
大家应针对自己的实际情况选择适当的记录方法。
由于时间所限，笔记不必也不可能是意义的完整再现。
译员不应该迷信笔记,认为一切信息都应该体现在笔记中，而彻底忽略了理解和记忆的主导地位。
译员必须要做到“脑记"和“手记”的相互协调，优化脑力资源的分配,保证口译的成功.口译笔记的这些特点决定了它与课堂笔记和速记的不同。
一般不主张学员花大量时间钻研速记。
当然,速记的记录方法和某些符号可以有所取舍地结合到口译笔记系统中来.尽管口译笔记具有个性化的特点，但是笔记的结构一般作如下安排：1. 采用纵向、阶梯式缩进结构。
将笔记纵向安排,一目了然，同时易于调整信息前后顺序,体现信息之间的逻辑关系。
而阶梯式缩进的结构，则有助于译员区分信息之间的并列、主次等关系，获得清晰的视觉效果。
2. 结构要宽松，多分行.这样可方便目光移动,节省阅读时间。
并列的内容尤其要注意分行，哪怕是一个字一行，千万不要挤在一起。
3. 左右各留出一定边距。
在记录时要注意在页面的左右各留出约1－2厘米的边距，用于补充信息或连接前后信息.4. 横线明确结束。
译员应该在翻译结束同时从容地划横线以明确上一段讲话和下一段讲话之间的分界限，并示意讲话人继续。
此外，译员使用的笔记本最好是带活页圈的上翻式记录本，约手掌宽,封底较厚为佳。
记录用的笔，建议用按压式的而不是带笔帽的，这样一手就可操作，还不会有笔帽掉落的尴尬；建议用圆珠笔或水写笔而不是铅笔和钢笔，防止出现断笔芯和漏墨水的危险。
中级口译教程-4-4-音乐天才-整理译文
4-4 音乐天才A Gifted MusicianQ: 海伦，你对媒体有什么忌讳吗？Q: Helen, is there anything that you wish the media wouldn’t ask you?A: 没什么忌讳的。
我喜欢新闻记者的提问，因为只要记者问有题要问我，那就说明我还干得不错。
A: No, I like inquiries from the press people, because as long as they are asking questions, I’m doing okay.Q: 你把自己的首张专辑献给你的母亲，请问她对你的艺术生涯产生了什么样的影响？Q: You dedicated your debut album to your mom. In what way did she impact your art career? A: 我的母亲是一位歌唱家，也是我的挚友。
我很崇拜她。
她非常了不起，在很多方面都非常优秀，在精神和音乐两方面都很出色。
A: She was a vocalist and one of my best friends. I adored her. She was a tremendous induividual in so many ways, spiritual and musical in particular.Q: 你在歌曲创作方面有没有一种不同寻常的写作方式？Q: Do you have a particular method for songwriting?A: 嗯，我不知道有没有特殊的歌曲作词方法。
我先作曲。
先思考一下歌曲的旋律，然后再看看有没有灵感，歌词会不会冒出来。
一般而言，旋律出不来，十之八九歌词也不会出来。
A: Well, I don’t know if I have. I start with the music. I try to be melodic first and I go ahead and see if the words will come. Generally, if the music isn’t happening, nine out of ten times the words aren’t happening.Q: 你的专辑有没有中心思想？Q: Is there any common message in the album?A: 我不知道有没有中心思想，我觉得这张专辑讲的是真诚，这是我自己的一种感悟。
上海中级口译教程第4章
• 这个国家没有统一的飞机票价，各航空公
司经常以竞相削价的方式来吸引更多的旅 客。
4-1:行在美国 Travel in American
• 听说美国城市的交通可不尽如人意，
有没有这回事？
• It is said that the public
transportation of American cities is not very desirable，isn’t it？
内容 • mental strain/fatigue：精神压力 、疲劳 • highly individualistic：因人而异
Vocabulary Work
• fast drain like sprinting：像冲刺一样的快速消耗 • • • • • •
运动 stretch both memory and intellect：考验记忆能 力和思维能力 personal observations：个人看法 connection fee ：电话接通费 advisory：咨询公司 double-check：复核 Bon appétit ：祝你们好胃口
频系统 • soundproof booth ：同传厢 • tune in to listen：调到。。来收听 • open avenue of dialogue：对话机会
Vocabulary Work
• rephrase： 转化措辞 • meet the deadline ：在最后期限之前 • work in nuance ：精细活 • fine-tuning ：润色 • skip to the end of a speech：先应付后面的
4-2 话说口译 On Interpretation and Interpreting
仲伟合《英语口译教程(上)》学习辅导书(口译笔记技巧(Ⅰ))【圣才出品】
第 4 单元 口译笔记技巧（Ⅰ）
4.1 复习笔记
一、口译笔记癿重要性 有时一段话可能延续几分钟，幵丏常常会出现数字、人名和地名等，要准确、完整和快 捷地转达収言人癿意思，只靠大脑是丌够癿。因此作口译笔记是连续传译中最基本癿技巧。 如果记录方法掌握得好，能运用自如，又能临场収挥，所作癿记录甚至可以在一定程度上弥 补其他技巧方面癿丌足。
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圣才电子书
阅读，一目数行。
十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台
（2）在讱话过程中，如果演讱人改发前面讱过癿话，口译记录可以随机应发。
5. 部分性
口译记录要求速度快，但幵丌要求记录每项记录，只需中心思想，如听到 Question，
Problem 戒问题时，只需写上“”戒“？”。
That invention helped to establish entire branches of industry, including consumer electronics, computing, and titans such as Sony and Microsoft. Now, the changes taking place in our optical technologies are so significant that they have been compared with the development of the transistor.//
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圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台
grow its economy, China must have the courageto swim in the vast ocean of the global market. If one is always afraid of bracing the storm and exploring the new world, he will sooner or later get drownedin the ocean.
仲伟合：英语口译教程
第二部分练习篇Exercise OneListen to the following texts and then reproduce in the same language at the end of each segment:Text 1.1Mr Governor, Ladies and Gentlemen, It is my great pleasure to be invited to attend the Guangdong Governor‟s International A dvisory Council Meeting.//I would like to take this opportunity to highlight our report to the Governor and share with you our view on the role of telecommunications and information infrastructure (ICT) in the economic development.//International experience suggests that Information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure and services can have a substantial impact on the competitiveness of firms, nations, and regions. The most important impact of ICT does not come from manufacturing ICT goods, but from investing in and using ICT infrastructure and services.//According to the ITU, global telecommunications services sales reached US$ 1.1 trillion in 2002, more than three times the value of telecommunications equipment sales of US$335 billion.The value created by use of telecommunications services is estimated to be far higher than the total services revenue. Thus investment in ICT infrastructure creates value many times that of the investment itself. //Firm level studies show that ICT investments help firms gain competitiveness through improved efficiency, reduced inventories, better designs, and faster rates of innovation. ICT allows firms to increase the efficiency of their business processes by decreasing procurement and transaction costs, improving accounting and control, enhancing management systems, and streamlining their supply chains.//Several studies also indicate that ICT is a key driver of productivity and growth. There are several distinctive features of ICT that make them particularly important to national and regional economies, which include the pervasive and cross-cutting nature of ICT, the low or declining marginal costs of using the technologies, the ability to foster efficiency gains through streamlining supply chains, the facilitation of the creation of entirely new business models and industries, and the global nature of ICT.//All of these characteristics imply that ICT can have an important impact on competitiveness and economic development.//Text 1.2主席先生：我很高兴参加2001’国际投资论坛。
口译基础教程对话练习标准答案--仲伟合
口译基础教程对话练习答案--仲伟合————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：Unit 1❖李颖：We are going to ascend the great wall tomorrow morning. So I’d like to go to bed early and have a good sleep this evening. You know climbing the great wall is not an easy job.❖明天早上我们计划去爬长城，所以我想今晚早点休息，好好睡一觉。
你知道爬长城可不是一件简单的事情。
❖Jack: Great. The Great Wall is very famous and becomes a must for tourist in Beijing.Would you tell me something about it?❖好啊。
长城那么有名，是游客来北京必去的景点。
你能和我说一说长城么？❖李颖：OK. The construction of the great wall took altogether over 2000years.it started in the Zhou dynasty in the 7th century. B.C. And continued until Ming Dynasty in the 15th century A.D. The existing wall was built in the Ming Dynasty.❖好。
长城的整个建筑过程持续了总共两千多年，始于公元七世纪的周朝，后来一直延续到公元后十五世纪的明朝。
现存的城墙都是明朝修建的。
❖Jack: The Great Wall is indeed the crystallization of the industry and wisdom of the Chinese people and also a symbol of ancient Chinese culture. Then why the ancient people built the wall?❖长城的确是中国人民勤劳智慧的结晶，同时也是中国古代文化的象征.那么为什么古代人民要修建长城呢？❖李颖：It was constructed to guard against the invasion by nomadic tribes from the north.When enemy troops approached, guards on watch would send smoke signals from the beacon-fire towers as an alarm.❖修建长城是为了抵御来自北方游牧民族的入侵。
口译基础教程对话练习答案 仲伟合
Unit 1李颖：We are going to ascend the great wall tomorrow morning. So I’d like to go to bed early and have a good sleep this evening. You know climbing the great wall is not an easy job.明天早上我们计划去爬长城，所以我想今晚早点休息，好好睡一觉。
你知道爬长城可不是一件简单的事情。
Jack: Great. The Great Wall is very famous and becomes a must for tourist in Beijing. Would you tell me something about it好啊。
长城那么有名，是游客来北京必去的景点。
你能和我说一说长城么李颖：OK. The construction of the great wall took altogether over started in the Zhou dynasty in the 7th century. . And continued until Ming Dynasty in the 15th century . The existing wall was built in the Ming Dynasty.好。
长城的整个建筑过程持续了总共两千多年，始于公元七世纪的周朝，后来一直延续到公元后十五世纪的明朝。
现存的城墙都是明朝修建的。
Jack: The Great Wall is indeed the crystallization of the industry and wisdom of the Chinese people and also a symbol of ancient Chinese culture. Then why the ancient people built the wall长城的确是中国人民勤劳智慧的结晶，同时也是中国古代文化的象征.那么为什么古代人民要修建长城呢李颖：It was constructed to guard against the invasion by nomadic tribes from the north. When enemy troops approached, guards on watch would send smoke signals from the beacon-fire towers as an alarm.修建长城是为了抵御来自北方游牧民族的入侵。
仲伟合《英语口译教程(上)》学习辅导书-第1~5章【圣才出品】
第 1 单元 口译记忆（Ⅰ）
1.1 复习笔记
一、记忆训练的重要性 1. 什么是口译 Mahmoodzadeh（1992:231）认为，口译指的是用一种语言（译入语）把另外一种 语言（源语）所表达的思想内容，以与源语发言人几乎同步的速度或连续传译的形式准确表 达的一种口头翻译方式。 2. 合格口译员应具备的素质 （1）较好的短期记忆——存储听到的信息 （2）较强的长期记忆——分析具体语境下的含义 （3）高度集中的注意力——分析和处理源语信息 （4）良好的应变能力——应对口译过程中出现的困难并选择合适的应对策略 补充： （5）扎实的双语基本功 （6）广博的知识面 （7）严谨的工作作风 3. Gile 对连续传译与同声传译的理论 （1）连续传译 Gile（1995:179）认为，连续传译分为两个阶段，即： 第一阶段：听取和理解信息阶段（I＝L＋M＋N）
二、口译中的记忆 1. 短期记忆与长期记忆 短期记忆（STM）：存储时间较短，最多为 30 秒。口译中记忆持续时间更短。在口译 过程中更为重要。 长期记忆（LTM）：存储的信息可能持续几个星期、几个月甚至终身。在译员获取知识 的过程中起着重要作用。
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注：一项口译任务结束后，下一项接踵而至，且通常各项任务的口译语境、主题及发言 人都不同。因此，译员的记忆培训应集中训练短期记忆能力和技巧。
《仲伟合《英语口译教程(上)》复习笔记与实例详解》读书笔记模板
3 第13单元口译
中的同义表达 （Ⅱ）
4
第14单元口译 中的障碍
5
第15单元复习 与测试
1.1复习笔记 1.2实例详解
2.1复习笔记 2.2实例详解
3.1复习笔记 3.2实例详解
4.1复习笔记 4.2实例详解
5.1复习笔记 5.2实例详解
6.1复习笔记 6.2实例详解
目录分析
01
第1单元口 译记忆（Ⅰ）
02
第2单元口 译记忆（Ⅱ）
03
第3单元演 讲技巧
04
第4单元口 译笔记技巧 （Ⅰ）
06
第6单元口 译笔记技巧 （Ⅲ）
05
第5单元口 译笔记技巧 （Ⅱ）
第7单元联络口译 第8单元数字口译
第9单元主题思想识 别
第10单元语篇分析
1
第11单元口译 与语域
第12单元口译 2
7.1复习笔记 7.2实例详解
8.1复习笔记 8.2实例详解
9.1复习笔记 9.2实例详解
10.1复习笔记 10.2实例详解
11.1复习笔记 11.2实例详解
12.1复习笔记 12.2实例详解
13.1复习笔记 13.2实例详解
14.1复习笔记 14.2实例详解
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英语翻译中级口译-4
英语翻译中级口译-4(总分：240.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：20.00){{B}}A: Spot Dictation{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your {{B}}ANSWER BOOKLET.{{/B}} Remember you will hear the passage{{B}} ONLY ONCE.{{/B}}In size, Canada is the second largest country on earth. In terms of{{U}} (1) {{/U}}, it is a member of Big Seven, the world's leading industrial nations,{{U}} (2) {{/U}}the United States, France, the United Kingdom,{{U}} (3) {{/U}}Canada plays an active role{{U}} (4) {{/U}}, often taking part in peacekeeping and humanitarian missions and spearheading{{U}} (5) {{/U}}. Its scenery of mountains, oceans, forests and prairies is{{U}} (6) {{/U}}. It has a lively and rich culture, with many world famous actors, pop stars and writers. In annual "quality of life", Canada regularly is rated as having{{U}} (7) {{/U}}of living in the world because of its health care, education,{{U}} (8) {{/U}}, social welfare, and so on.{{U}} (9) {{/U}}its physical size, economic power and international prestige, Canada's population is very small. The current population is{{U}} (10) {{/U}}. This paradox of having a small number of people in a very large, resource-rich area gives rise to some of{{U}} (11) {{/U}}people have about Canada.Most people do not know very much about Canada. Mention the country and usually{{U}} (12) {{/U}}will spring to mind. On the one hand, you might picture{{U}} (13) {{/U}}, frozen country where people live in igloos, eat fish, hunt bears and{{U}} (14) {{/U}}snow and cold. On the other, you might think Canada is a country that is "just like America." Even Americans{{U}} (15) {{/U}}Canada as the 51st state, a part of America that through some quirk of history is not one of the United States.It is easy to understand how such{{U}} (16) {{/U}}of Canada have become engrained. It is true that most of Canada lies very far north. Large areas of the country are wild, virtually unpopulated{{U}} (17) {{/U}}, full of dangerous animals and freezing temperatures. But most Canadians live in the south of the country: about{{U}} (18) {{/U}}of the population is estimated to live within{{U}} (19) {{/U}}of the Canadian-American border, in a climate that is much{{U}} (20) {{/U}}.{{B}}A: Spot Dictation{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your {{B}}ANSWER BOOKLET.{{/B}} Remember you will hear the passage{{B}} ONLY ONCE.{{/B}}In size, Canada is the second largest country on earth. In terms of{{U}} (1) {{/U}}, it is a member of Big Seven, the world's leading industrial nations,{{U}} (2) {{/U}}the United States, France, the United Kingdom,{{U}} (3) {{/U}}Canada plays an active role{{U}} (4) {{/U}}, often taking part in peacekeeping and humanitarian missions and spearheading{{U}} (5) {{/U}}. Its scenery of mountains, oceans, forests and prairies is{{U}} (6) {{/U}}. It has a lively and rich culture, with many world famous actors, pop stars and writers. In annual "quality of life", Canada regularlyis rated as having{{U}} (7) {{/U}}of living in the world because of its health care, education,{{U}} (8) {{/U}}, social welfare, and so on.{{U}} (9) {{/U}}its physical size, economic power and international prestige, Canada's population is very small. The current population is{{U}} (10) {{/U}}. This paradox of having a small number of people in a very large, resource-rich area gives rise to some of{{U}} (11) {{/U}}people have about Canada.Most people do not know very much about Canada. Mention the country and usually{{U}} (12) {{/U}}will spring to mind. On the one hand, you might picture{{U}} (13) {{/U}}, frozen country where people live in igloos, eat fish, hunt bears and{{U}} (14) {{/U}}snow and cold. On the other, you might think Canada is a country that is "just like America." Even Americans{{U}} (15) {{/U}}Canada as the 51st state, a part of America that through some quirk of history is not one of the United States.It is easy to understand how such{{U}} (16) {{/U}}of Canada have become engrained. It is true that most of Canada lies very far north. Large areas of the country are wild, virtually unpopulated{{U}} (17) {{/U}}, full of dangerous animals and freezing temperatures. But most Canadians live in the south of the country: about{{U}} (18) {{/U}}of the population is estimated to live within{{U}} (19) {{/U}}of the Canadian-American border, in a climate that is much{{U}} (20) {{/U}}.（分数：20.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：economic power）解析：[听力原文]1-20 In size, Canada is the second largest country on earth. In terms of economic power, it is a member of Big Seven, the world's leading industrial nations, ranking along with the United States, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Germany and Japan. Canada plays an active role in international affairs, often taking part in peacekeeping and humanitarian missions and spearheading aid and development programs. Its scenery of mountains, oceans, forests and prairies is spectacular. It has a lively and rich culture, with many world famous actors, pop stars and writers. In annual "quality of life", Canada regularly is rated as having the best standard of living in the world because of its health care, education, clean environment, social welfare, and so on. In contrast to its physical size, economic power and international prestige, Canada's population is very small. The current population is about 30.6 million. This paradox of having a small number of people in a very large, resource-rich area gives rise to some of the misleading perceptions people have about Canada. Most people do not know very much about Canada. Mention the country and usually one of two images will spring to mind. On the one hand, you might picture a sparsely populated, frozen country where people live in igloos, eat fish, hunt bears and constantly endure snow and cold. On the other, you might think Canada is a country that is "just like America". Even Americans are inclined to think of Canada as the 51st state, a part of America that through some quirk of history is not one of the United States. It is easy to understand how such misleading impressions of Canada have become engrained. It is true that most of Canada lies very far north. Large areas of the country are wild, virtually unpopulated arctic region, full of dangerous animals and freezing temperatures. But most Canadians live in the south of the country, about 90 percent of the population is estimated to live within a few hundred kilometers of the Canadian-American border, in a climate that is much less extreme.填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：ranking along with）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Italy，Germany and Japan）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：ininternational affairs）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：aid and development programs）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：spectacular）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the best standard）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：clean environment）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：In contrast to）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：about 30.6 million）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the misleading perceptions）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：one of two images）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a sparsely populated）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：constantly endure）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：are inclined to think of）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：misleading impressions）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：arctic region）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：90 percent）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a few hundred kilometers）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：less extreme）解析：二、{{B}}B: Listening Comprehension{{/B}}(总题数：2，分数：10.00)StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLETStatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET（分数：5.00）A.(A) The store warned them not to hold the party.B.(B) They canceled the reception because a storm is likely to come. √C.(C) The reception was disrupted by the storm.D.(D) They decided not to have the reception in the store because it's not big enough to hold one.解析：[听力原文] They decided not to hold the reception because of the storm warnings.A.(A) Besides the office building, an apartment building is to be built too next year.B.(B) Except for the office building, they also plan to build an apartment house next year.C.(C) An apartment building is to be built by the side of the office building next year. √D.(D) An office house is going to be built by the side of the apartment house.解析：[听力原文] They are going to build an apartment house here by next year. It is going to be built beside the office building.A.(A) The plumber said on the phone he would get the leaking faucet as soon as possible.B.(B) The faucet didn't stop leaking until the plumber came.C.(C) The faucet stopped leaking as soon as the repairperson came.D.(D) Although I've phoned the repairperson for many times, he did not come. √解析：[听力原文] I've called the plumber four times for the leaking faucet, and each time he said that he'd get to it as soon as he could.A.(A) The director is busy now but she could still help you.B.(B) The supervisor is too busy to come to your help. √C.(C) Though the supervisor is free now, he can not help you out.D.(D) The director is having his hands full to help your out.解析：[听力原文] The director said that your supervisor was having his hands full right now, but she is free just now, and could help you out.A.(A) It is compulsory for children to start primary school education at six.B.(B) Most children go to primary school at an age of six, though five is OK too.C.(C) It is compulsory for children to go to primary school before the age of six.D.(D) Most children start primary school at five, although six is also OK. √解析：[听力原文] Primary school education is compulsory for children from six years of age, but most children there start at the age of five--often on their fifth birthday.（分数：5.00）A.(A) The latest report will arrive as soon as the decision is made two weeks later.B.(B) According to the latest report, the committee will not make its decision until two weeks later.C.(C) The decision can not be made after two weeks if the committee doesn't have the latest report. √D.(D) If only the committee will receive the decision made in the latest report.解析：[听力原文] The committee can make its decision a fortnight today only if it receives a copy of the latest report.A.(A) I missed one science course because of a change in the science requirement for graduation.B.(B) I failed in one science course so I can not meet the requirements for graduation.C.(C) To meet the requirements for graduation, I am taking more than one course.D.(D) Because of a change in the science requirements for graduation, I am likely to have to take one more course. √解析：[听力原文] I am afraid that after a change in the science requirements for graduation, I may be short of one course.A.(A) The buyer has to pay 5% of the value of the property to be bought in the first place, and pay the rest of the amount on installment with the loan. √B.(B) If the buyer makes a deposit of 95% of the property to be purchased, there will be a 5% discount for the original value.C.(C) If the buyer makes a deposit of 5% of the loan, he can have the property to be bought at a 95% discount.D.(D) The buyer has to pay 5% of the loan as a deposit in the first place, and then pay the rest of it to the property management.解析：[听力原文] Often a loan is made for 95% of the value of the property to be purchased leaving the buyer to provide 5 ~Jo as a deposit.A.(A) It is good to have a nice neighbor as long as possible, and it is bad to get rid of a nasty neighbor.B.(B) You never get tired of a good book; while you should get rid of a bad one the earlier the better. √C.(C) It is good to have a nice neighbor as long as possible, and a bad neighbor as short as possible.D.(D) A good book is a good neighbor who will last long, and a bad one is just like a bad neighbor who would like to get rid of you.解析：[听力原文] A book may be compared to your neighbor; if it's good, it can not last too long; if bad, you can not get rid of it too early.A.(A) At a lunch in New York, customers were much quicker to pay their red Wine with credit card.B.(B) The customers at a lunch believed that drinking red wine will make them younger. √C.(C) At a lunch in New York, customers were quick to pay their red wine with credit card because it was the time to close.D.(D) The customers at a lunch believed that you should take your time to drink red wine. 解析：[听力原文] At a leisurely lunch in New York, customers were quick to credit red wine with turning back the clock.三、{{B}}Talks and Conversations{{/B}}(总题数：5，分数：20.00){{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions {{B}}ONLY ONCE.{{/B}} When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your {{B}}ANSWER BOOKLET.{{/B}}{{B}}Questions 11—14{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions {{B}}ONLY ONCE.{{/B}} When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your {{B}}ANSWER BOOKLET.{{/B}}{{B}}Questions 11—14{{/B}}（分数：4.00）A.(A) Student and teacher.B.(B) Job applicant and interviewer. √C.(C) Co-workers.D.(D) Father and son.解析：[听力原文]11-14 A: You are Blakey, are you? Take a seat. I saw you took your 'A' levels in English, French and History, and continued with the Arts at university. What has prompted you to want to change to medicine? B: Well, I've always, even at school, been interested, but it was a big decision to take, and I wasn't sure at the time I had the right temperament. I really wanted to write. A: So the fact is you'd rather be a writer than a doctor? B: Not necessarily. It might have been true once, but for some time now my mind's been set on becoming a doctor. A: But you are capable of a change of heart. B: I'm sorry, did you mean that as a question? A: Well, no, I don't think I am at all. And you left university without taking a degree, is that right? B: Yes. A: Why was this? B: Looking back, I reckon I took on too much, too many activities. A: Could you explain to us what these activities were? B: I produced several plays for the college dramatic society; I spoke at the Union debates, and did a bit of social work. A: Social work? B: Yes. A: And if your application were successful, could you support yourself? You have no grant? B: No. A: Have you any private means? B: I think I could manage all right. A: How could you manage? B: I had a part-time job during vacations, which enabled me to save… A: Could you tell us, the weekly income? B: Er, that's about 85 dollars. A: What are your interests? How do you spend your spare time? B: Once, I even took part in a fishing match. A: Do you play rugby? B: No, I was at a soccer school. A: Did you ever win any prizes at anything? B: No. A: Have you any members of your family been in the medical profession? B: No, most of my relations work in the pits. A: Hm. I think that covers pretty well everything. In due course you will hear from us. 11. What's the possible relationship between the two speakers?A.(A) A writer.B.(B) A doctor. √C.(C) A social worker.D.(D) A coal miner.解析：[听力原文] What is Blakey applying to work as?A.(A) They are social workers.B.(B) They are in the medical profession.C.(C) They are coal miners. √D.(D) They are writers.解析：[听力原文] What do Blakey's parents possibly do?A.(A) We don't know.B.(B) He can hopefully get the job.C.(C) He is likely to lose the job. √D.(D) He would have to wait for a due course.解析：[听力原文] What could possibly be the result of the interview?{{B}}Questions 15—18{{/B}}{{B}}Questions 15—18{{/B}}（分数：4.00）A.(A) They build monuments.B.(B) They tell stories from parents to children.C.(C) They write things down.D.(D) They make professional historians part of their governments' staffs. √解析：[听力原文]15-18 From the earliest days, people have wanted to keep some record of their achievements. Thus they build monuments, or they tell stories from parents to children, or they write things down. To give shape to the stories, to show how events related to one another, ancient people began to write what we call histories. In both Greek and Latin, the word "historia" meansa story or a narrative. Historians were regarded as those who told the story of the past. One of the earliest historians, a Greek named Herodotus, always tried to make sure that information was as accurate as possible. Herodotus lived in the 400's B.C. He wrote a detailed account of the Persian Wars, the great struggle between the Greeks and the Persians that had taken place in the years before he was born. A great deal of our information about these wars exists only because Herodotus found it out and wrote it down. Here, to give one example, is his account of how the battle of Salamis began. This was a naval battle at which the Athenian ships defeated the Persians that had taken place in the year 480 B.C. It was one of the turning points of the war, and the question was how the Greeks, badly outnumbered, dared to fight. Here is how Herodotus explained it: Themistocles, the Athenian leader, told them to board their ships, whereupon the Greeks put to sea. The fleet had hardly left shore when they were attacked by the Persians. At once, most of the Greeks began to retreat, and were about to touch land again when one of the Athenian captains shot forward and charged one of the enemy. The two ships became entangled, and could not be separated. At this the rest of the Greek fleet came up to help, and the battle began. Ever since Herodotus, historians have recovered and preserved information about past events that otherwise would have been lost. Modern historians have continued to look for new information which helps us understand the past more clearly and more accurately. The usefulness of historians and their works has been recognized by a number of American Presidents, who have made professional historians part of their White House staffs. 15. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the ways people used to keep record of their achievements?A.(A) He is a Persian. √B.(B) He lived in the 400's B.C.C.(C) He wrote about how the battle of Salamis began.D.(D) He is a historian who told the story of the past.解析：[听力原文] Which of the following is NOT true about Herodotus?A.(A) Because they outnumbered the Persians.B.(B) Because they were attacked by the Persians.C.(C) Because two ships became entangled with a charge from one Athenian captains. √D.(D) Because most of the Persians began to retreat and were about to touch land again.解析：[听力原文] How did the Greeks dare to fight according to Herodotus?A.(A) They keep some record of historians' achievements.B.(B) They build monuments and write the stories of historians down.C.(C) They continued to look for new information which helps us understand the past more clearly and more accurately.D.(D) They employ professional historians as their White House staffs. √解析：[听力原文] In what way do American Presidents recognize the usefulness of historians and their works?{{B}}Questions 19—22{{/B}}{{B}}Questions 19—22{{/B}}（分数：4.00）A.(A) In the morning before 8 o'clock.B.(B) In the morning at 11 o'clock.C.(C) In the morning before 11 o'clock. √D.(D) In the afternoon after 11 o'clock.解析：[听力原文]19-22 A: Did you find Xavier, Allison? B: Yeah, but the class was moved to another building, so I got lost and I was late by 20 minutes for the class at 8 am. A: Don't worry about it. It was a freshmen class, so I'm sure that you weren't the only person who was late. How wasyour first biology class? B: It's seems like the first day is just going over the syllabus and finding out what will be expected of us. There will be three short papers in my biology class, and one class presentation. The professor said he would take daily roll, but we could be allowed three absences without affecting our grades. I hope that I'll be able to deal with all of the tests! A: I've just finished my nursing class. The professor said we had to do a considerable amount of reading. And I still have an English class at 11. B: So do I. we must be in a same class] Is that with Dr. Thompson? A: Yes, that's the one! At least there'll be a familiar face in class! B: Look at the time! We'd better start off to class! A: Which way are we going? The English class is in McKane Hall, isn't it? B: Yeah, I think it's on upper campus. We'd better hurry! It's a bit of walk. 19. When does the conversation probably take place?A.(A) Biology class at 8 o'clock and English class at 11 o'clock. √B.(B) Nursing class at 8 o'clock and English class at 11 o'clock.C.(C) Biology class at 8 o'clock and nursing class at 11 o'clock.D.(D) Nursing class at 8 o'clock and biology class at 11 o'clock.解析：[听力原文] What time is Allison's classes today?A.(A) It is a teaching building for Allison's English class.B.(B) It is a teaching building for Allison's biology class. √C.(C) It is a teaching building for Allison's nursing class.D.(D) It is on upper campus.解析：[听力原文] What is Xavier according to the conversation?A.(A) He is an English teacher.B.(B) He teaches freshman.C.(C) He will be at the McKane Hall at 11 o'clock.D.(D) He will take daily roll at his class. √解析：[听力原文] Which of the following is NOT true about Dr. Thompson?{{B}}Questions 23—26{{/B}}{{B}}Questions 23—26{{/B}}（分数：4.00）A.(A) Meatless hot dogs.B.(B) Meat-free burgers.C.(C) The plant-based cuisines of India, China, Mexico, Italy and Japan.D.(D) Meals of animal protein. √解析：[听力原文]23-26 If there was a single act that would improve your health, cut your risk of food-borne illnesses, and help preserve the environment and the welfare of millions of animals, would you do it? The act I'm referring to is the choice you make every time you sit down to a meal. More than a million Canadians have already acted: they have chosen not to eat meat. And the pace of change has been dramatic. Vegetarian food sales are showing unparalleled growth. Especially popular are meat-free burgers and hot dogs, and the plant-based cuisines of India, China, Mexico, Italy and Japan. Fuelling the shift toward vegetarianism have been the health recommendations of medical research. Study after study has uncovered the same basic truth: plant foods lower your risk of chronic disease; animal foods increase it. The American Dietetic Association says: "Scientific data suggest possible relationships between a vegetarian diet and reduced risk for several chronic degenerative diseases." Animal foods have serious nutritional drawbacks: They are devoid of fiber, contain far too much saturated (饱和的) fat, and may even carry traces of hormones, steroids (类固醇) and antibiotics. It makes little difference whether you eat beef, pork, chicken or fish. Animal foods are also gaining notoriety as breeding grounds for E. coli (大肠杆菌), campylobacter (弯曲菌) and other bacteria that cause illness. So why aren'tgovernments doing anything about this? Unfortunately, they have bowed to pressure from powerful lobby groups such as the Beef Information Center, the Canadian Egg Marketing Agency and the Dairy Farmers of Canada. According to documents retrieved through the Freedom of Information Act, these groups forced changes to Canada's latest food guide before it was released in 1993. This should come as no surprise: Even a minor reduction in recommended intakes of animal protein could cost these industries billions of dollars a year. While health and food safety are compelling reasons for choosing a vegetarian lifestyle, there are also larger issues to consider. Animal-based agriculture is one of the most environmentally destructive industries on the face of the Earth.23. Which of the following are NOT recommended as healthy meals?A.(A) Because plant foods lower your risk of chronic disease; animal foods increase it. √B.(B) Because governments are advising people to take less meat.C.(C) Because the plant-based cuisines of India, China, Mexico, Italy and Japan are very popular.D.(D) Because Animal-based agriculture can badly pollute environment.解析：[听力原文] Why there has been a shift toward vegetarianism ?A.(A) They are devoid of fiber.B.(B) They contain far too much saturated fat.C.(C) They can lead to chronic degenerative diseases. √D.(D) They may even carry traces of hormones, steroids and antibiotics.解析：[听力原文] Which of the following are NOT the nutritional drawbacks of Animal foods?A.(A) The vegetarians.B.(B) The governments.C.(C) The lobby groups. √D.(D) The American Dietetic Association.解析：[听力原文] Who were responsible for the change of Canada's latest food guide before it was released in 1993?{{B}}Questions 27—30{{/B}}{{B}}Questions 27—30{{/B}}（分数：4.00）A.(A) 2.B.(B) 3. √C.(C) 4.D.(D) 5.解析：[听力原文]27-30 SW: Good evening, this is Sports World greeting you here at 20:30 GMT. Have you ever participated in a risky sport? What was it? In today's program we have Jenny Adams, a very athletic woman to talk to us about risky sports. Hang gliding is a dangerous sport. Jenny, what do you enjoy about the sport, and have you ever had an accident? Jenny: No, I've never been seriously injured. Maybe I've just been lucky. Once my glider turn upside down, and I lost control.I almost crashed, but I parachuted away just in time. And I've always felt hang gliding is quite safe—though landing is sometimes difficult. But it's fantastic to be able to fly like a bird! SW: And you've been mountain climbing for years now, right? What is the most difficult part? Jenny: Yes, I've been mountain climbing for 3 years, and the toughest part I believe is the high altitudes. They could be rather hard on the human body. I've experienced lack of oxygen, tiredness, and dehydration. I've lived through storms, avalanches, and strong winds. But that's what I like about mountain climbing—overcoming danger. SW: What exactly are the bends? And have you ever experienced them while scuba diving? Jenny: You get the bends when you've been deep under water. If you come up out of the water too quickly, bubbles form in your blood. The bends can be serious, and they can even cause death. But the bends are rare. Scuba diving isn't really dangerous. And。
中级口译教程每章重点
中级口译教程每章重点《中级口译教程》是一本针对中级口译考试准备的教材，旨在帮助学生提高口译能力。
本教程一共分为十章，每章都有重点内容，下面将对每章的重点进行详细介绍。
第一章：口译技巧与注意事项本章主要介绍了口译技巧和注意事项。
其中重点包括思维逻辑的培养、词汇的积累、语法的掌握、记忆力的训练等。
此外，还介绍了口译中需要注意的一些问题，比如时态转换、语义的捕捉、跨文化交际等。
第二章：社会及文化类题材本章主要介绍了社会及文化类题材的口译技巧和要点。
这些题材包括政治、经济、教育、文化、体育等方面的内容。
重点包括如何正确理解原文、如何快速翻译、如何准确传达信息等。
第三章：科技及环境类题材本章主要介绍了科技及环境类题材的口译技巧和要点。
这些题材包括科学、技术、环境、能源、医疗等方面的内容。
重点包括如何理解专业术语、如何处理复杂句子、如何提高口译速度等。
第四章：经济及商务类题材本章主要介绍了经济及商务类题材的口译技巧和要点。
这些题材包括经济发展、贸易、投资、金融、商务活动等方面的内容。
重点包括如何理解经济术语、如何分析经济问题、如何传递商业信息等。
第五章：法律及国际关系类题材本章主要介绍了法律及国际关系类题材的口译技巧和要点。
这些题材包括法律法规、国际条约、国际关系、外交等方面的内容。
重点包括如何理解法律术语、如何分析法律问题、如何准确传递国际关系信息等。
第六章：健康及医学类题材本章主要介绍了健康及医学类题材的口译技巧和要点。
这些题材包括医学知识、健康管理、疾病防控等方面的内容。
重点包括如何理解医学术语、如何传递医疗信息、如何处理医学文献等。
第七章：教育及文学类题材本章主要介绍了教育及文学类题材的口译技巧和要点。
这些题材包括教育理论、教育实践、文学作品等方面的内容。
重点包括如何理解教育术语、如何传递教育信息、如何翻译文学作品等。
第八章：新闻及媒体类题材本章主要介绍了新闻及媒体类题材的口译技巧和要点。
这些题材包括新闻报道、媒体评论、新闻发布会等方面的内容。
《口译基础》教学大纲
《口译基础》教学大纲Basics of Interpretation课程编码：08A11480 学分：2.0 课程类别：专业基础课计划学时：32 其中讲课：32 实验或实践：0 上机：0适用专业：英语推荐教材：梅德明主编，《英语口译教程》，高等教育出版社，2008年。
参考书目：仲伟合，《英语口译基础教程》，高等教育出版社，2007年。
课程的教学目的与任务通过英语口译课程的学习使英语语言文学专业三年级学生了解口译的基本理论和连续传译的技能，学习英语译的口译记忆方法、口头概述、口译笔记及公共演讲技巧，掌握口译的基本原则和技巧，使学生能较准确、流畅地进行各种公开场合讲话发言的汉英、英汉对译，能较好地承担生活接待和导游等口译任务。
要胜任口译工作，译员必须在听说读写译五个方面全面发展，五种能力缺一不可。
只有这五项技能都达到一定水准，才能承担一定程度的口译工作。
通过一学期32学时的训练之后，学生应能用记忆并在笔记的帮助下一次性记住50个单词左右的文本并用基本准确流畅的中文或英语进行口译。
课程的基本要求1、掌握基本的口译理论和常用的口译方法、技巧。
2、通过课程教学，培养学生具备扎实的语言基本功和较好的汉语和英语表达能力，并能根据语境需要使用得体恰当的译语进行有效交际。
3、培养学生重点记笔记的能力，完成生活接待、导游、一般性会议和简单的商务洽谈等口译任务。
各章节授课内容、教学方法及学时分配建议第一章：A Brief Introduction to Interpretation建议学时：2[教学目的与要求]了解口译的历史、标准、过程、类型，口译者应具备的基本素以及口译职业规范。
[教学重点与难点]口译过程中的注意事项[授课方法]教师讲授、课堂口译练习、课堂讨论[授课内容]第一节The History of Interpretation第二节The Criteria of Interpretation第三节The Process of Interpretation第四节The Patterns of Interpretation第五节Basic Requirements for Interpreters第六节Professional Codes of Conduct第二章：Note-taking建议学时：4[教学目的与要求]掌握如何习得口译过程中所需的相关知识；学习和建构口译笔记中所需的符号系统和使用缩略形式；掌握数值词表强度变化的转换。
口译E4s
Up-to-date Expressions (13)
• 通货紧缩 deflation, lessening the amount of money in circulation • 网吧 a cybercafe, an Internet bar • 团队精神 team spirit, spirit of unity and cooperation • 夕阳产业 sunset industry, declining traditional industry • 惜败 lose unfortunately by a small margin • 钟点工 a casual worker paid on an hourly basis • 试题库 an examination question bank • 实职/虚职 a solid / nominal position • 百科全书的首发式 a ceremony to release the Encyclopedia • 刷卡 swipe a magnetic card (on a magnetic card reading machine) • 博导/硕导 an adviser for Ph. D / MA candidates • 死机 (a computer) crash, stop working due to a program error or other factors
Please watch and interpret:
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 一人做事一人当。 One should be held responsible for what he does. 他的热情很快就消失了。 His enthusiasm soon evaporated. 谁首创了这一警句？ Who invented this epigram? 他的口才谁都比不上。 He has no equal in eloquence. 这间办公室装有空调。 This office is equipped with air conditioning. 语言的本质是交际。 The essence of language is communication. 这部胶卷已曝光了。 This film has been exposed. 这不过是痴心妄想。 This is nothing more than wishful thinking. 观众们鼓掌欢呼。 The spectators applauded and cheered. 合同条款公平合理。 The terms of the contract are fair and square. 滑雪是中国队的弱项。 Skiing is the weak spot of the Chinese team. 大使享受外交豁免。 The ambassador enjoys diplomatic immunity. 病人的病情在加剧。 The patient’s condition is getting worse. 黄金出口是禁止的。 The export of gold is forbidden. 今天什么风把你吹来了？ What brings you here today?
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世贸组织的宗旨
• 提高生活水平，保证充分就业和大幅度、 稳步提高实际收入和有效需求；扩大货物 和服务的生产与贸易；坚持走可持续发展 之路，各成员方应促进对世界资源的最优 利用、保护和维护环境，并以符合不同经 济发展水平下各成员需要的方式，加强采 取各种相应的措施；积极努力确保发展中 国家，尤其是最不发达国家在国际贸易增 长中获得与其经济发展水平相适应的份额 和利益；建立一体化的多边贸易体制
Economic Globalization
第四组 甄姣丽 胡帅鹏 于克静 王小芳 李晓珊
summary
• 2 points on the economic globalization Many social problems
The way to a better future • Necessary condition for globalization
世贸组织的目标
• 世界贸易组织的目标是建立一个完整的， 包括货物、服务、与贸易有关的投资及知 识产权等内容的，更具活力、更持久的多 边贸易体系，使之可以包括关贸总协定贸 易自由化的成果和乌拉圭回合多边贸易谈 判的所有成果。
世贸组织的相关活动
• • • • 第三次部长级会议：没有顺利进行 多哈发展议程 第五次部长级会议，几乎没有取得进展 第六次部长级会议，会议通过了《部长宣 言》
世界贸易组织简介
• 1995年1月1日正式开始运作，该组织负责 管理世界经济和贸易秩序，总部设在瑞士 日内瓦莱蒙湖畔。其基本原则是通过实施 市场开放、非歧视和公平贸易等原则，来 实现世界贸易自由化的目标。1996年1月1 日，它正式取代关贸总协定临时机构。
世贸组织成员分类
• • • • 发达成员 发展中成员 转轨经济体成员 最不发达成员2 differeFra bibliotekt points
Better future:offer gains and opportunity for developing countries Problems:high unemployment,pressure on wage levels and so on
Necessary condition
世界贸易组织简介
世界贸易组织（World Trade Organization WTO）1994年4月15日在摩洛哥的马拉喀 什市举行的关贸总协定乌拉圭回合部长会 议决定成立更具全球性的世界贸易组织 （简称“世贸组织”，World Trade Organization -- WTO） ，以取代成立于 1947年的关贸总协定（GATT）。2011年 12月，世界贸易组织正式宣布批准俄罗斯 成员身份。2012年8月22日，俄罗斯正式成 为世贸组织第156个成员。
Enormous decline in transport cost Rise of communications Large plants Homogeneity of consumer tastes increase Behavior of government Multinational corporations