英语论文模板(格式)69493
英语论文范文
英语论文范文本人作为一名英语专业学生,曾写过不少英语论文,以下是三篇我曾写过的范文,希望对您有所帮助。
篇一:Corporate Social Responsibility in the Fashion IndustryAbstractAs a vastly profitable industry, the fashion industry is also a large contributor to environmental degradation, worker exploitation, and human rights violations. In recent years, companies in the fashion industry have begun to put forth more effort towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in order to address these issues. This paper will examine the concept of CSR in the fashion industry, as well as the benefits and challenges of implementing CSR policies.Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Fashion IndustryIntroductionThe fashion industry is a significantly profitable global industry, with revenue projected to reach $3 trillion in 2030 (Business of Fashion, 2017). However, this industry, while driving considerable economic growth, is also known for its significant impact on the environment, worker exploitation, and human rightsviolations (Marin, et al., 2015). Consumers are becoming increasingly aware of the negative impacts the fashion industry has on the world, and this has led many companies in the industry to adopt Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies.BackgroundCorporate Social Responsibility refers to an organization's responsibility to act in ways that benefit society as a whole, beyond just simply generating profits for shareholders (Crane, et al., 2019). In fashion industry, CSR policies aim to address issues such as environmental sustainability, fair labor practices, and human rights issues. There are several reasons why fashion companies have begun adopting CSR policies. First, consumers are demanding more transparency and ethical practices from companies they support (Dalli, 2017). Second, companies have become aware that CSR policies can help improve their image, attract customers, and increase revenue. (Shepherd, et al., 2013) Lastly, CSR policies can also lead to cost savings for the company by reducing waste and improving efficiency (Bocken, et al., 2014).Benefits of implementing CSR policies in the fashion industry:First, CSR policies can help companies gain positive brand reputation and recognition. By operating in a socially responsible way, companies can differentiatethemselves from competitors, which can help attract and retain customers (Nayak and Karmakar, 2017). Second, CSR policies can increase employeesatisfaction and loyalty. When employees feel that they are working for a company that is committed to social responsibility, they are more likely to feel proud of their work and remain committed to the company in the long-term (Kim, et al., 2018). Third, CSR policies can lead to increased cost savings for the company, particularly in areas such as reducing waste and improving supply chain efficiency (Bocken, et al., 2014).Challenges of implementing CSR policies in the fashion industry:First, implementing CSR policies often requires significant financial investment, particularly in the areas of supply chain transparency and worker wage increases (Challender, et al., 2015). Second, it can be difficult for companies to maintain consistent implementation of CSR policies across all areas of the company and supply chain (Sarwar, et al., 2013). Additionally, there may be cultural and institutional barriers to implementing CSR policies in somelocations where fashion production takes place, such as cultural norms surrounding worker treatment (Narayana and Melkote, 2014).ConclusionIn the fashion industry, CSR policies can helpmitigate the negative impacts that the industry has on the environment, workers, and human rights. Whilethere are challenges involved in implementing CSR policies, the benefits to companies and society as a whole can ultimately make them worthwhile investments for companies in the industry.篇二:The Effectiveness of Online Language LearningAbstractOnline language learning has become an increasingly popular option for language learners. This paper examines the effectiveness of online language learning, particularly in comparison to traditional classroom-based language learning. By examining previous research, this paper argues that online language learning can be a highly effective method for language learning, particularly for certain types of learners.Keywords: Online Language Learning, Language Acquisition, Traditional Classroom-based Language LearningIntroductionThe rise of the internet has led to the development of a wide range of language learning tools and resources that are available online. These resources have become an increasingly popular option for language learners,particularly those who have limited access totraditional classroom-based language learning programs. Despite the growing popularity of online language learning, there remains some debate about the effectiveness of this method of language acquisition.BackgroundOnline language learning involves using a wide rangeof digital resources to aid language acquisition, including language-specific apps, chat-based language exchanges, and online video tutorials. Traditional classroom-based language learning, on the other hand, involves face-to-face interaction with language instructors and peers. There are a range of factorsthat can affect the effectiveness of these two methods of language learning, including access to technology, teacher quality, and individual learnercharacteristics (Lee, et al., 2019).Benefits of Online Language Learning:Research has found that online language learning canbe a highly effective method for language acquisition when it is used in conjunction with traditional classroom-based language learning (Ebrahimi, et al., 2013). For example, online language learning can help provide additional practice opportunities and can be particularly effective for learners who struggle with traditional classroom-based language learning (Mouhanna, et al., 2017). Additionally, onlinelanguage learning can be more flexible and accessible than traditional classroom-based language learning, particularly for learners who cannot attend regular language classes due to work or family obligations (Alemi, 2015).Challenges of Online Language Learning:There are several challenges associated with online language learning. One of the primary challenges is the potential lack of interaction with language instructors and peers, which can make it moredifficult for learners to receive feedback and engage in conversation practice (Fernández-Toro, et al., 2015). Additionally, learners may not have access to the same level of resources and tools as they would in a traditional classroom-based learning environment (Lee, et al., 2019). Finally, online language learning may not be suitable for all learners, particularly those who require close personal interaction and learning social cues (Mouhanna, et al., 2017).ConclusionOnline language learning can be a highly effective method for language acquisition, particularly when it is used in conjunction with traditional classroom-based language learning. However, online language learning is not suitable for all learners and there are certain challenges associated with this method of language acquisition.篇三:The Effect of Bilingualism on Language DevelopmentAbstractBilingualism, the ability to speak two languages, has been found to have a range of cognitive, linguistic, and social benefits. This paper examines the effects of bilingualism on language development, including challenges and benefits, as well as factors that may affect the degree of bilingual proficiency.Keywords: Bilingualism, Language Development, Language ProficiencyIntroductionBilingualism, the ability to speak two languages, has been found to have numerous benefits for individuals. Over the past several decades, there has been a growing body of research exploring the effects of bilingualism on language development. This paper aims to summarize some of the key findings from this literature and to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of bilingualism on language development.BackgroundBilingualism can have a wide range of effects on language development. Learners who speak two languages have been found to have better cognitive abilities, higher levels of creativity, and increased social skills (Bialystok, et al., 2015). Additionally, bilingualism has been found to have a positive effecton academic achievement, particularly in language-related skills such as reading and writing (Lu, et al., 2018).Benefits of Bilingualism:There are numerous benefits associated with bilingualism. For example, bilingualism can lead to increased cognitive flexibility, allowing individuals to better navigate complex cognitive tasks (Bialystok, et al., 2015). Bilinguals also have a greater ability to switch between languages, allowing them to communicate more effectively in different cultural contexts (Palmer, et al., 2018). Additionally, bilingualism has been linked to improved academic achievement, particularly in the area of language-related skills (Lu, et al., 2018).Challenges of Bilingualism:While bilingualism can have many benefits, it can also present certain challenges. For example, bilinguals may experience some confusion when switching between languages, particularly when they are still developing their language skills (Bialystok, et al., 2015). Additionally, bilingual learners may find it more difficult to develop language skills if they do not receive adequate support in both languages (Lu, et al., 2018).Factors Affecting Bilingual Proficiency:There are several factors that can affect anindividual's level of bilingual proficiency. For example, age of acquisition appears to have a significant effect on the degree of languageproficiency (De Houwer, 2015). Additionally, exposure to the languages in different contexts and the quality of language instruction are also important factors (Lu, et al., 2018).ConclusionBilingualism has numerous benefits for individuals, particularly in terms of cognitive flexibility and academic achievement. However, bilingualism can also present certain challenges, particularly during the language acquisition process. The degree of bilingual proficiency is affected by a range of factors,including age of acquisition, language exposure, and language instruction quality.。
毕业论文英文格式
1. 论文中所有英文的字体均采用“Times New Roman〞;左面坚装 ,页边距上下左右均为2.5cm2.标题用 3 号加粗 , 居中;The Characteristics of Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice空一行班级、年级、学院名称、学校名称(小5号,居中 )Fan Lin lin小5号, 居中Class 6, Grade 2003, School of Foreign Languages and Literature, Chongqing Normal University空一行Abstract: Through an analysis of Pride and Prejudice, a well-known work written by Jane Austen, the characteristics ofElizabeth and woman rights are discussed. The heroine Elizabeth is full of gaiety, high spirit, courage and energy, withintelligence, wisdom, a good sense of judgment and good feeling. Jane Austen tried to show woman rights through Elizabeth.左顶格 , “Abstract 〞小 5 号加粗 , 内容小 5 号,两端对齐Woman has their own rights, they are not the accessory of man.Key Words: characteristics; marriage; woman rights“Key Words 〞小 5 号加粗,内容小 5 号空两行1 About the author一级标题4号加粗,左顶格,除第一个单词及专有名词外,其它单词首字母都不要大写;标题最后不用任何标点符号空一行Jane Austens ’works are always humorous, and warmly welcomed by readers. She first gave the novel its modern character through the treatment of everyday life. The most urgentpreoccupation of her bright, young heroines is courtship and finally marriage. Jane Austenfocused on middle-class provincial life with humor and understanding. She depicted minorlanded gentry, country clergymen and their families, in which marriage mainly determinedwomen's social status. In Austen’s opinion, woman should be brave, independent andintelligent. In Pride and Prejudice , Elizabeth was a girl like this.空一行2 The Characteristics of Elizabeth2.1 Treasonous and IndependentIn English,⋯. And it can be clearly seen in the below examples:(1)I don ’ t know。
英美文学毕业论文英语模板
英美文学毕业论文英语模板Introduction:This study aims to explore the field of English and American literature in order to gain a deeper understanding of its historical, cultural, and literary significance. The focus will be on examining key literary works and their impact on society, as well as analyzing the diverse themes and styles present in English and American literature.Chapter 1: Historical Background1.1 Overview of English Literature- Highlight the development and evolution of English literature from its origins to the present day.- Discuss notable periods and movements such as the Renaissance, Romanticism, and Modernism, and their contributions to the literary landscape.1.2 Overview of American Literature- Provide a brief history of American literature, including the early colonial period, the American Revolution, and the emergence of a unique American voice in literature.- Explore the influence of major literary movements such as Transcendentalism, Realism, and the Beat Generation.Chapter 2: Notable Literary Works2.1 Shakespeare's Impact on Literature- Examine the works of William Shakespeare and their enduring impact on English and American literature.- Discuss the universal themes and complex characters in plays such as Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and Macbeth.2.2 The Great Gatsby and the American Dream- Analyze F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel, The Great Gatsby, as a reflection of the American Dream and the disillusionment of the 1920s Jazz Age.- Explore the themes of wealth, class, and social mobility in the context of American society.Chapter 3: Themes and Styles in English and American Literature3.1 Love and Relationships- Examine the portrayal of love and relationships in English and American literature, focusing on works such as Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice and Ernest Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms.- Analyze the different perspectives and ideologies surrounding love and relationships in these works.3.2 Identity and Quest for Freedom- Discuss the theme of identity and the yearning for freedom in literary works such as Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man and Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar.- Explore how these works shed light on issues of race, gender, and societal expectations.Conclusion:This study provides an overview of English and American literature, highlighting its historical significance and exploring the diverse themes and styles present in this rich literary tradition. Through the analysis of notable literary works, this study aims to deepen our understanding of the societal, cultural, and artistic developments that have shaped English and American literature. By studying these works, we can gain insight into the human experience across different time periods and cultural contexts.。
英语论文投稿作文格式模板
英语论文投稿作文格式模板Title: The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health。
Abstract:Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives, and its influence on mental health has been a topic of growing concern. This paper aims to explore the impact of social media on mental health, including the potential benefits and drawbacks. It will also discuss the role of social media in shaping individuals' self-esteem, body image, and overall well-being. Additionally, this paper will examine the ways in which social media usage can contribute to mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and addiction. Finally, it will offer suggestions for promoting a healthier relationship with social media and mitigating its negative effects on mental health.Introduction:In recent years, social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have become ubiquitous in our society. While these platforms offer numerous benefits, including connectivity, information sharing, and entertainment, there is growing concern about their impact on mental health. The constant exposure to curated and often unrealistic portrayals of others' lives, the pressure to present oneself in a certain way, and the addictive nature of social media usage all contribute to its potential negative effects on mental well-being. This paper seeks to delve into the complex relationship between social media and mental health and provide insights into how individuals can navigate this digital landscape in a healthier manner.The Benefits of Social Media on Mental Health:It is important to acknowledge that social media can have positive effects on mental health. For many individuals, social media serves as a means of staying connected with friends and family, especially those who are geographically distant. It can also provide a sense of community and support for individuals facing similar challenges, such as chronic illness or mental health issues. Furthermore, social media can be a valuablesource of information and education, allowing users to access resources and support networks that may not be readily available in their physical communities. Additionally, social media platforms have been used as tools for raising awareness about mental health issues and promoting advocacy and activism.The Drawbacks of Social Media on Mental Health:Despite the potential benefits, the drawbacks of social media on mental health cannot be ignored. One of the most significant concerns is the impact of social media on self-esteem and body image. The constant exposure to carefully curated and often unrealistic portrayals of others' lives can lead to feelings of inadequacy and comparison. This can contribute to a negative self-image and lower self-esteem, especially among young users who are still developing their sense of identity. Moreover, the addictive nature of social media usage, characterized by the constant need for validation through likes and comments, can lead to increased anxiety and stress. The pressure to maintain a certain online persona can also contribute to feelings of inauthenticity and disconnection from one's true self. Finally, the phenomenon of cyberbullying and online harassment can have severe detrimental effects on mental health, leading to anxiety, depression, and even suicidal ideation.The Role of Social Media in Mental Health Issues:Research has shown that excessive use of social media is associated with a range of mental health issues. Studies have found correlations between high social media usage and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. The constant exposure to idealized images and lifestyles can create a distorted perception of reality, leading to feelings of inadequacy and dissatisfaction with one's own life. Furthermore, the fear of missing out (FOMO) and the pressure to constantly stay connected can contribute to heightened levels of stress and anxiety. Additionally, the addictive nature of social media usage, characterized by the constant need for validation and the fear of missing out, can lead to a cycle of negative reinforcement and dependency on these platforms.Promoting a Healthier Relationship with Social Media:Despite the potential drawbacks, it is possible to cultivate a healthier relationship with social media. One approach is to practice mindfulness and moderation in social media usage. This can involve setting limits on screen time, taking regular breaks from social media, and being mindful of the content consumed. It is also important to curate one's social media feed to include positive and diverse content that promotes self-acceptance and authenticity. Additionally, fostering meaningful connections and interactions on social media, rather than seeking validation through likes and comments, can contribute to a more positive experience. Finally, promoting digital literacy and critical thinking skills can help individuals navigate the digital landscape more effectively and discern between authentic and curated content.Conclusion:In conclusion, social media has a significant impact on mental health, with both positive and negative implications. While it offers numerous benefits, including connectivity, support, and information sharing, it also poses risks to individuals' self-esteem, body image, and overall well-being. The addictive nature of social media usage and the prevalence of cyberbullying further contribute to its potential negative effects on mental health. However, by promoting a healthier relationship with social media, practicing mindfulness and moderation, and fostering meaningful connections, individuals can mitigate its negative effects and cultivate a more positive experience. It is essential for researchers, mental health professionals, and policymakers to continue exploring the complex relationship between social media and mental health and to develop strategies for promoting a healthier digital landscape.。
英语毕业论文格式模板_论文格式_
英语毕业论文格式模板编号 x大学毕业论文课题名称学生姓名学号专业班级指导教师XX 年月“目录”样式reflection on chomsky’s idealization of languagei. introductionii. demonstrationa. language as a concrete system of signs, has its own significancein the context of society.1. language is a system.2.the conventionalization of language.b. language as a social institution, is born with society. it developsand interacts with the society.1. communicative function of language.2. language evolves hand in hand with the society.a.influences from the society upon language.1) macrolinguistic perceptive2) microlinguistic perceptiveb.influences from language upon society1) interaction between language and society2) social factors and linguistic researchiii. conclusion“英、中文摘要、关键词”样式abstractthis paper begins with a brief introduction to chomsky’s methodology of idealization in linguistic research. although the idealizationin physical research from which chomsky’s ide alization deprives can still keep natural laws’ validity, the author points outchomsky’s idealization is not accessible. the key point lies in the exclusion ofsocial factorsin his research. then the author demonstrates the reason why chomsky’s exclusion of social factors is not accessible from two aspects: (1) languageis a concrete system of signs. (2)language is a social institution. only in thecontext of society are thesefeatures significant and integrate, can language bear its form and forward itsdevelopment and keep up the interaction with the society. therefore insteadof “being idealized” out of linguistic research, social factors should be regardedas the base of the research. otherwise the object of the research will be totallychanged and the research itself will be misguided. as for what factors can betemporarily idealiz。
英文论文格式
A Syntactic Study on the Englishization of Modern Written C h i n e s e:T a k eB e i j i n g Y o u t h D a i l y A s aC a s e标题三号粗体I. Introduction 一级标题四号粗体本部分重点:选题动机,国内外研究趋势,本研究价值It is noticed in the English to Chinese translation course that some of the complex compound sentences tend to be translated into rather long Chinese sentences with basically the same English sequence and the form of its original one. What really piques my interest is such long Chinese sentences with obvious English features are well accepted by Chinese youth and some young writers in China build their sentences with large amount of Englishized Chinese structures in their works. In the meantime, the study of English as lingual Franca or global language which definitely impacts Chinese language has become an important aspect of English language and culture studies. Some of features of English are believed to penetrate into Chinese language not only at the vocabulary level but also syntax one, especially in the past three decades after the adoption of the policy of reform and opening. This penetration is shown by the enforcement of policy that since 2010,the General Administration of Press and Publication of China has banned English words interspersed in Chinese publications. It may be a proof of language over contact. And the fact is prevailing that the longer sentences with three or even five attributes are much more accepted especially by the young people than before, while standard Chinese sentences are suggested to be short sentences whose form is often compared to the structure of bamboo. This phenomenon, termed Englishization by some scholars Wang, Xie etc., is the manifestation of language contact. 正文小四号字 Times New Rome 倍行距,页面设置为上下左右均是厘米,和系毕业论文要求一致So, this study is hoped to find out at what level that English has affected Chinese language by the systematic and methodical analysis of data collected from newspaper.II. Literature Review有重要概念先界定概念;另国、内外研究两部分如出现不均衡现象,即国外研究或者国内研究过少,可合为一各部分;2.1Language contact and Englishization 二级标题小四号粗体There is a common view in the theoretical literature that Language contactoccurs when two or moreorinteract Thomason &Terrence. When the speakers of different language interact with each other in a variety of ways, their languages normally influence each other as well. But English language, as the main carrier of publications, entertaining industry products and academic delivery of the world business and issues, influences Chinese language in a macro and relatively unilateral way, without specific interaction between individual speakers. During the evolvement of all human languages, every single of which is influenced by languages of other races periodically or constantly, distinctive features of languages vary in degrees Guo 21-24. Therefore, the ignorance of language contact leads to the obscurity of full understanding of language change.According to Sarah Thomason, there are basic five forms of language contact: borrowing of vocabulary loanwords, adoption of other language features, language shift, stratal influence and creation of new language. As the very first form of language contact, loan words are already taken by Chinese language when some English words directly diffuse into Chinese like DVD, check-in, etc., Chinese has taken on syntax features of English as well. And this influence may be non-mutual or one-sided, which means English language remains relatively free from the Chinese influence.And this process, as is called Englishization to describe the transformation, takes place in non-English cultures and languages as a result of exposure to the English language Tam. And it has been regarded as a socialproblem and affects the life of so many people. When focusing on just the language, Chinese linguist He Yang points out that Englishization of Chinese refers to not only newly burgeoning grammatical items and syntax formats stemming from the imitation of application of English language, but the rapid emergence of grammar forms which are in dormancy or germination in Chinese language stimulated or catalyzed by English He Yang 82-89.2.2Relevant studiesThe study of language contact is called contact linguistics which has been mature theory for decades. While it focuses on how two languages interact, little information has been acquired in the area of Englishization. Still some argumentations have been made in Englishization of Korean and Japanese language. And the Englishization of Chinese is mainly discussed by Chinese scholars since this issue demands attainments of English as well as Chinese language.The linguistic professor of Beijing University, Wang Li, is the first person in China who has systematically studies this grammatical change of Chinese language. Europeanization of Chinese, as he called at that time, mainly deals with the increase of sentence length, Chinese conjunctions and word sequence of Chinese language by comparing sentences in the book Dream of the Red Chamber, which is finished in the second half of 18th century and considered the standard Chinese, with that in the articles composed during the period from the New Culture Movement around the time of the May 4th Movement in 1919 to his time 1950s. He expresses his concern on the grammatical shifts of Chinese as a big issue in Chinese language history. And his study is regarded as the milestone of the study on Europeanization of Chinese language. However, all Wang Li’s study sets its foothold on the translation principle which he believes leads to Europenization of Chinese. And he himself even admits it is hard to apply the method of pure objective description in the study as Europeanization is a gradual change which involves subjective judgment on the standard of Europeanization. In addition, the obviouslyout-dated corpus has far outpaced the change of Chinese language as decades passed.The bilingual environment of Hong Kong due to historical reasons makes a perfect source for the study of Englishization of Chinese. Scholars and linguists Shi Dingxu, Zhu Zhiyu and Wang Canlong in Hong Kong discuss the Englishization of written Cantonese. Under the direction of basic theory of language transfer, they argue that there are variations in the syntactic structure of Hong Kong written Chinese, including calque forms, loan structures and words Shi & Zhu 4-12. Those studies provide us with the scientific perspective of language transfer, when considering Englishization of Chinese. However, Hong Kong Cantonese, as the dialect of Chinese, differentiates from the standard Mandarin used in mainland.The same problem exists as the similar study is conducted in Taiwan back in 1990s. But modern Chinese morphology is taken into account by Taiwan scholars Hsu. And she thinks the mechanism of those features are initiated by translation of western literary works, and the compatibility of Englishized structures and original Chinese determines the range of application of Englishized Chinese and people’s attitude towards it, after the analysis of limited empirical data collected from newspapers, magazines, and creative literary texts Hsu 167-184.Mainland scholar He Ye carries out a similar study and discusses the influence of English upon Chinese grammar since opening to the outside world, by the systematic and methodical analysis of the corpus, Beijing Youth Daily among the years of 1956, 1982, 2000. The authentic statistics makes the study scientific and convincing. It is suggested in this study that Chinese sentence length continues to increase, attributive capacity is reinforced and the head noun of a sentence becomes more various He Ye 129-145.Scientific statistics keep this study from subjective judgments to the largest extend, although only three aspects of Enlishization are taken into consideration in this study, which may barely reflect the whole picture of Englishization of Chinese. Andit is a pity that there is no basic and nuclear linguistic theory supporting the survey, apart from the discussion based on the data base.It is also worthy of noting that the enthusiasm of study on Englishization has been declined in the past decade due to the reasons: one is people stop noticing any Englishization since people already live in an Englishized Chinese environment where Englishized Chinese is so rooted in the language that people fail to distinguish the standard Chinese the way it should be; the other reason is that the national dignity prevents from admitting Englishization in Chinese language Zhang Minglin 43-46.In summary, most studies on the Englishization of Chinese language are carried out by Chinese scholars. Those early studies by the eighty’s and ninety’s generation of linguists forms into the climate that sets the keynote for the subsequent study, but severely out dated as the social context has enormously changed as well as language itself since opening policy is adopted in China decades ago. And Englishization of Chinese in regions like Hong Kong and Taiwan cannot stand for the standard Chinese Mandarin used in mainland. The study of Mainland illustrates and classifies the language shifts to a degree but lacks the backbone of the basic linguistic theory.2.3Significance of present study具体指明论文成果在哪些方面有创新点:是研究内容新、研究资料新、研究视角新、研究方法新,还是研究的结论新或深广度不同本研究的理论价值和实践价值是什么文学类的研究对文论、作家、作品、文学史等方面的研究有何贡献翻译类的研究对翻译理论、翻译实践、翻译教学等方面的研究有何贡献、指导意义或实际价值语言学类的对语言学习和教学有何启示文化类的对语言学习和文化研究有何意义English certainly influences Chinese language not only in the vocabulary level but also syntactical one in a subtle and unnoticeable way, which may remind us the Englishization of Chinese has been an inevitable trend. But the latest study has been traced back to eight years ago which leaves space for discussion since language changes rapidly. Therefore, further investigations are needed in order to find new changes generated as English is embraced by Chinese society to a larger extent than before. The statusof development of English in China can be reflected by this diachronic research. Both English and Chinese language learners may also gain the knowledge about the linguistic changing process so as to improve their learning strategy. And hopefully this paper may even provide material or evidence for the further study of social change or cultural contact by related scholars.III. Methodology 文学研究的研究方法部分不必按如下——框架介绍,改为介绍分析的理论基础包括理论产生的背景、理论的内涵和理论的代表性概念和研究方法,如从某个理论角度进行文本分析,以及研究方法的具体运用等Subject 一般实证性研究对象为人,标题为subjectsConsidering the feasibility, the present study was designed as He Ye’s further research of the influence of English upon Chinese grammar by duplicating his method in data collection. The authentic statistics of the years of 1956, 1982 and 2000 is accessible and remained valid. But only one more year’s analysis of the Beijing Youth Daily of 2010 will be carried out as the major statistics to compare with those in previous years for this further discussion of Englishization of modern Chinese, since 10 years passed and English has been far more embraced than before.Instruments 一般实证性研究都有调查工具,如试卷,问卷,访谈提纲,课堂观察等;本部分主要介绍研究工具的设计思路、内容,必要时候可介绍题型,各题型数目等等 Data collection 利用调查工具收集数据的过程The newspaper Beijing Youth Daily of the entire year 2010 is available in the Library of Beijing University. I n order to keep this paper within a manageable size, this research will randomly adopte four Tuesday articles of every month from the whole year 2010 of Beijing Youth Daily, two from the top left corner of news page, and the other two from the top left corner of literature column, about 600 words for each article, 48 articles, 30,000 words in total, in case the disturbance of incredibility caused by differentliterary forms, together with the data of 1956, 1982 and 2000 as the language corpus for this study.Data analysis 数据将采用何种方式进行分析,如Excel, SPSS等等Descriptive statistical analysis will be the major method adopted in this research. Focusing on the corpus of 2010, the statistics in respects of the sentence length, attributive capacity of head nouns were analyzed and compared with that of 1956, 1982, and 2000 to make this a diachronic research. IV. Possible findings 1. 简要陈述研究会得出的结论;2.指明具体的研究重点和难点并提出具体的解决方案Hopefully, the result of this research will consist with and even further strengthen the conclusion reached by previous studies: changes in sentence length, attributive capacity and its head noun are ongoing. Chinese sentences are getting longer; attributive capacity is enhanced; head nouns become heavier. Some newly generated phenomenon are hoped to be found by this research as well.However, as an undergraduate thesis, this research is so limited by my individual ability that the more profound and abstract changing pattern or model is hardly brought forward. The corpus is not comprehensive enough as well since there is only one press which may be narrowed and tendentious. What’s more, colloquial Chinese is not covered, which should be taken into account when considering language changing.Works Cited 三号粗体HSU, Jialing. “Englishization and Language Change in Modern Chinese in Taiwan.” World Englishes 2 1994: 167-184.Tam, Kwok-kan. “Englishization in Asia:Language and Cultural Issues.” Shaw College Symposium. Hong Kong, November, 2003.Thomason, Sarah and Kaufman, Terrence. Language Contact, Creolization and Genetic Linguistics. University of California Press, 1988. Thomason, nguage Contact - An Introduction: Edinburgh University Press, 2001.Tsao, Fengfu. “Englishization of Chinese morphology and syntax in the past two hundred years.”Studies in English Literature and Linguistics 4 1978: 41-54.郭鸿杰. 现代汉语欧化研究综述. 西安外国语大学学报, 2007, 3: 21-24.贺阳. 从现代汉语介词中的欧化现象看间接语言接触. 语言文字应用, 2004, 4: 82-89.何烨. 改革开放以来英语对汉语句法的影响. 四川外语学院学报, 2004, 5: 129-145.石定栩, 朱志瑜, 王灿龙. 香港书面汉语中的英语句法迁移. 外语教学与研究, 2003, 3: 4-12.王力. 中国现代语法. 北京:商务印书馆, 1985.余光中. 余光中谈翻译. 北京:中国对外翻译出版公司, 2002.谢耀基. 现代汉语欧化语法概论. 香港:商务印书馆, 1990.翻译类Chinglish in Chinese-English Translation of OfficialPublicity MaterialI. IntroductionSince the adoption of the reform and opening up policy in 1978, China has exerted more influence on the outside world. Meanwhile, the process of globalization has also elevated the political, economic and cultural exchanges between China and the rest of the world to a new level. Official publicity material, as a bridge between Chinese people and people of other countries, plays an important role in such international communications, disseminating Chinese culture and ideology and stating clearly its policies and political stands in international affairs. Hence the study on translation of publicity material is extremely meaningful.However, it’s worth noting that, though people have tried for decades to eliminate Chinglish which, they believe, would do harm to China’s image, it could still be found in Chinese publicity material, leading to difficulties in communication or even misunderstandings. Given the obvious differences between Chinese and English, it is indeed hard to eliminate Chinglish as most of the translators would be influenced by the mother tongue, but there must be some ways through which we can reduce Chinglish to the minimum.Therefore, this thesis aims to find out how to improve the quality of Chinese-English translation of China’s official publicity material.II. Literature ReviewPublicity materialWith the process of globalization, China’s communication with the outside world is ever increasing, and of course, the demand of translation of publicity material is at the same time increasing. As this thesis deals with Chinglish in publicity materials, a good knowledge of publicity material would be essential.2.1.1 Definition of publicity material….2.1.2 Characteristics of the translation of official publicity material…ChinglishNoted as a special linguistic phenomenon,Chinglish frequently appeared in the communication between China and the world and has drawn great attention ever since its debut..2.2.1 Definition of Chinglish2.2.2 China English Chinglish2.2.3 Causes of ChinglishTranslation procedures proposed by NidaAccording to Nida, there are three technical procedures for translators to follow. These procedures are very helpful for translators to avoid Chinglish, as it allows us to look deeper into the process of translation, enabling us to find our problems in each step that lead to Chinglish.These procedures are:12…Significance of the studySince the reform and opening up, China has paid more and more attention to its cross-cultural communication with the world. Accordingly, languagehas played a vital role in bridging different cultures. However, Chinglish in publicity material being the case, language can also be an obstacle of the communication when things are ill translated. With such a common problem, this thesis is of great significance as it is worth scholars’ and translators’ time and effort to facilitate the communication with the outside world by avoiding or even removing Chinglish in translation.The significance of the present study lies in that it probes into the differences between Chinese and English at lexical and syntactical level to avoid Chinglish. There have been lots of researches done in this field, but previous studies mostly focus on the relationship between language and culture rather than to the language itself. In fact, many translators do not deliver satisfactory translation not because they cannot realize the cultural difference of Chinese and English, but because they cannot apply their knowledge of the lexical and syntactical differences between the two languages. All translation problems boil down to this root.III. MethodologyThe contrastive analysis will be the major method adopted in this thesis. The analysis of problems is supported by abundant examples. These examples come from official documents or publications, formal speeches or works by political leaders, diplomatic talks, etc, among which the yearly government work reports serves as the main source of analysis, as their English versions had been carefully completed and proof read by the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and would, therefore, be more authoritative and authentic. With the help of the analysis, the author will compare the lexical and syntactic differences between Chinese and English at first place, and then put forward suggestions for avoiding Chinglish.IV. Possible findingsThe research will first of all make it clear for the readers the differences between Chinese and English both lexically and syntactically.Then, by comparing these differences and by analyzing the characteristics of official publicity material, the author will show how to avoid Chinglish in each stage of translation process.However, this research bears its own limitations. The political neologisms, which is in constant need for translation as new phenomenon and policies arise, sometimes can also be translated into Chinglish, have not been covered in this thesis. Therefore, while discussing Chinglish at lexical level, future researches should also take political neologisms into consideration.Works CitedBright, William. International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. OxfordUniversity Press, 1992.Nida, Eugene A. Towards A Science of Translating. Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2004.Pinkham, Joan. The Translator’s Guide to Chinglish. Beijing: ForeignLanguage Teaching and Research Press, 2000.丁衡祁. 对外宣传中的英语质量亟待提高. 中国翻译,2002,4:44-46.段连城. 呼吁:请译界同仁都来关心对外宣传. 中国翻译,1990,5:2-10.葛传槊. 漫谈汉译英问题. 翻译通讯, 1980,2:91-92.王弄笙. 汉英翻译下的Chinglish. 中国翻译,2000,2:31-35.吴景荣、程镇球. 新时代汉英大词典. 北京:商务印书馆,2001.庄绎传. 也谈中式英语. 中国翻译,2002,6:7-10.文学类框架The Shaping of Self-realization in Emily Dickson’s Poetry through the Practice and Embodiment ofTranscendentalismI. Introduction 一级标题四号粗体本部分主要介绍作家简介,特别是作家的写作特点,文风,本研究选题的目的和意义II. Literature Review回顾作家或者/和本研究着重分析的作品的国内外研究,即文综,以及从对以往研究的总结和评价中证明本研究价值;如果涉及从某种理论视角下分析文学作品,写作思路是:先介绍作品相关研究,后介绍理论和理论分析框架,最后说明用此理论分析本作品的优势和意义,即说明了本研究的价值;Notes:1.文学分析中,如果不涉及某种理论,常见写法是可以把文综部分合并到导论中2.所谓本研究的价值,主要是谈创新点,即:具体指明论文在哪些方面有创新或与众不同,即要指明是研究内容新、研究资料新、研究视角新、研究方法新、研究的结论新或研究的深度、广度不同等;1全面综述与研究内容有关的国内外文献,包括主要学派/研究者、代表性研究成果、代表性理论/观点、研究发展脉络;2客观评价已有研究成果,具体指出已有研究的优点和缺点/不足,分析缺点/不足形成的原因;3指明选题研究内容与已有研究成果之间的联系,即指明当前研究是对已有研究的扩展提升、应用推广、补充修正,还是对相同内容的换视角或换方法研究;III. Methodology本部分主要根据研究焦点问题,交待所选方法的具体运用,并适当用举例方法说明本论文的分析方法;IV. Possible findings1. 简要陈述研究会得出的结论,指出研究的价值或意义:阐明成果的理论价值或应用价值,即对文论、作家、作品、文学史等方面的研究有何贡献; 2.指明具体的研究重点和难点并提出具体的解决方案体育文化类Values in Sports News between China and the United States: Take Yao Ming’s Retirement as a CaseI. IntroductionMany researches about the differences between China and the United States has been done since the Reform and Open up Policy of China in last century. As leading power of Western and Eastern culture, China and the United States have a large gap in values. And the media is a perfect tool to show people’s perspectives and easy to get research documents. Sport becomes an essential part of people’s leisure life and someone even makes living for it. Therefore, it’s wort hy that studying the values in sports news, which locates in a growth industry in the world, the sports industry.Yao Ming, a sport icon in the world, announced retirement in Shanghai, July 20th, 2011. He is the first Chinese basketball superstar who made a hugesuccess during his 9-years’career in NBA National Basketball Association of the United States and has great possibilities now to be selected into the Basketball Hall of Fame. His retirement attracted amounts of attentions of the world, particularly the people in China and the United States and their media. But the differences between two countries are huge, which cause many conflicts. The values are the core element to show how people to think and what the people might to do. And the differences of news report can be one of the indicators of those conflicts, especially to reveal people’s different perspectives and their values.And the retirement of Yao, which is one of the biggest events in two countries’ sports area, could be a perfect case in this thesis. Through the researching, studying and comparison on the relevant news of this event, the different values between China and the United States which were reflected in sports news can be more easily to find and conclude. Many researches have been made on values, but the researches on values reflected in sports news are relatively weak. And this thesis may full the blanks in the study of values in sports news.II. Literature reviewMain ConceptsDifferences of valuesThe difference of values is an important part of cultural differences between China People’s Republic of China and the United States which represents the western cultures and the eastern cultures respectively.Wang Wenjie argued that Chinese and Americans put their attention on two extreme sides— Collectivism and Individualism Wang Wenjie 12. These two obvious values are influenced by their philosophies. Chinese traditional philosophy theories, which direct Chinese people to realize the ego and the nature in the way of introspection and pursue the harmony of people, nature and society, affect Chinese people tend to collectivism Li 1. On the contrary, the citizens of the United States prefer the individualism because the tradition that therespect and compliment from society only depend on your personal achievement by hard-working Wang Jingtang 45-46.Li also argued on that Americans were influenced by the idealism more than pragmatism, which push citizens working harder to create history and perfecting their life, while Chinese’s pragmatism pulls people to change the reality Li 2. Collectivism and individualism, pragmatism and idealism are distinct and main focus on this thesis.Sports and social values.Sports is an essential part in citizens’ life both in China and the United St ates. And it’s also an important part among various cultural areas. Athletes’ achievements in international sports event could be stored as collective memory among citizens, which also have function to construct the nation identity and national characteristics Nie 6. And in 1993, Gruneau and Whitson argued on that, in some way, sport has some significances to be described as a cultural element and finally become a symbolic site reflecting a society’s struggles and conflicts Gruneau and Whitson 12. The value s are deeply rooted in nations’ sport. And the f unctions sport has on different nations demonstrate their distinct social, historical, political and cultural awareness of their citizens Nie 7. And Sage contended that values are inculcated in American sport to bolster nationalism and the legitimacy of its ideology Sage 116-18. Sports as a part of culture, is a window to seek the differences of values.Sports news report and valuesThe characteristics of news report are deeply rooted in cultural values of human being. And she also argued that as a subculture element, news reports could not only display the features of nations’ ideology, social systems and the social structure, but also show the views and beliefs of life directly Gao 3-4. Therefore, the sports news, as an important part and source of daily news, sports news could also display and demonstrate the ideology, social elements, the beliefs of citizens and views. Besides that, sports news also provide abundant sources and documents for collecting and researching in thisthesis. With the feature of short, simple and instant, sports news could demonstrate values better and more directly. In the word of news report, values could be found out and analysis directly and genuinely.Previous StudiesResearchers in China and the United States tend to do many comparisons between two countries recent years. As the representatives of western culture and eastern culture, China and the United States are distinct in many fields. Among the studies about sports news and cultural values, many researchers, at home and abroad, have provided hundreds of sources to search and study.As for studies abroad, supervised by Dr. Nicholas M. Waranabe, Tie Nie published his paper about the national identity in sport media. The development of national identity is related to many cultural elements and it’s also a part of the cultural system. His paper provides the support both in methodologies and theories. It analyses the relationship between nation identity and sport and the relationship between nation identity and the sport media Nie 6-8. Many abroad studies are covered in his paper, such as Benedict Anderson’s Imagined Communities: Reflections of the Origins and Spread of Nationalism and Tomlinson Alabarces’s Argentina versus England at the France 98 World Cup: narratives of nation and the mythologizing of the popular.In terms of the studies in China. Gao Jinping first did research about sports news report. Took the reports of Sydney Olympic Games in China Daily and New York Times as the case, she basically argued the differences of sports news report and cultural views behind that between Chinese and the United States Gao 33-35. Many details in report and cultural concepts were included in her paper and started to be combined in a strong relationship.After that, culture researches in sports news report flourish in recent decades. Zhang Yanan made the cross-cultural comparison of sports reports between China and the United States in 2007. Her paper covers many comparisons in cultural and national backgrounds Zhang Yanan. And there are some papers focusing on the negative parts. For example, Liu Huanyu in Hu Nan Normal University, did a research paper on nationalism in sports reporting, which。
英语论文模板
英语论文模板As a Baidu Wenku document creator, I am pleased to provide you with an English thesis template. Writing an English thesis can be a daunting task, but with the right structure and guidance, it can become a manageable and rewarding experience. In this template, I will outline the essential sections and components of an English thesis, along with some tips and examples to help you get started.1. Introduction。
The introduction of your English thesis should provide a brief overview of the topic and the purpose of your research. It should also include a thesis statement that clearly states the main argument or point of your paper. For example, "This thesis aims to analyze the impact of social media on interpersonal communication among young adults."2. Literature Review。
The literature review section should summarize and analyze the existing research and scholarship related to your topic. It is important to demonstrate your understanding of the current state of knowledge in your field and to identify any gaps or areas for further investigation. For instance, "Previous studies have shown that social media usage can both positively and negatively affect interpersonal communication, but there is limited research on its specific impact on young adults."3. Methodology。
英语毕业论文格式模板范文(实用3篇)
英语毕业论文格式模板范文(实用3篇)科学技术发展进步的同时,国际间的科技交流活动也越来越多,因此,科技英语的使用需要也在相应扩大,为了准确、全面解释科技英语所表达的内容,应掌握客观性、真实性、合理性、严谨性等特点,同时,还应注意上下文的有序衔接,科技英语特点主要体现在词汇、句法以及句型等方面。
1.基本特点。
科技英语翻译时,应尽可能做到释义还原,避免出现片面还原、语义歧义、主观猜测等现象,做到完整释义的基础上,针对所翻译的科技文章进行修饰,选择适合的风格。
首先,严密性。
翻译科技内容时,只有坚持严密性原则才能完成翻译目标,才能彰显科技文章的信息价值,如果不注重翻译的严密性,那么药理类科技文章、实验操作类科技文章则会失去研究意义,并且还会对阅读者产生误导,影响学习方向和研究深度。
然后,多变性。
科技文在表达的过程中无需绝对化和一致化,但在翻译过程中,应注意语序、语法以及词义的合理性,避免主观翻译、随意翻译,选择恰当词义对其准确翻译、灵活翻译。
最后,深入浅出。
由于阅读科技英语翻译文的读者存在差异性,读者群体的知识结构、理解能力不尽相同,翻译者确保原文释义不变的前提下,应适当改变语言风格和类型,确保翻译后的科技文章能够被不同读者理解,同时,这也是完成翻译目标的基本表现。
专业词汇:由于这类单词的释义较明确、单一,并且单词应用较具体,对于这类词汇应注重日常积累,广泛查阅相关资料,做好记录、温习等工作,例如,atom,原子、diode,二极管。
常用词汇:这类词汇在日常生活中较为常见,并且应用率较高,同一词汇在生活中和科技类文章中会被解释成新的意思,例如,feed在生活中和科技词汇翻译中分别指“饲料”和“注入”;solution分别指生活中的“答案”以及科技词汇“溶解”;sevice在生活中有“服侍”之意,科技词汇将被翻译成“检修”、“保养”。
一词多义:这类词汇在科技英语中的应用次数较多,并且应用范围较广,并且多义即针对不同领域而言,例如,power一词常出现在物理学领域、数学领域光学领域、工程领域和机械领域,分别指的是“功率”、“乘方”、“放大率”、“电力”和“工具”。
毕业论文英语作文万能模板
毕业论文英语作文万能模板Title: A General Template for Graduation Thesis in English。
Abstract:The graduation thesis is an essential part of the academic journey for students in higher education. Writing a thesis in English requires careful planning, organization, and attention to detail. This article provides a general template for writing a graduation thesis in English, covering key sections and tips for successful completion.Introduction:The introduction sets the stage for the thesis by providing background information on the topic, stating the research question or problem, and outlining the structure of the thesis. It should be concise and engaging, capturing the reader's interest and motivating them to continue reading.Literature Review:The literature review provides a comprehensive overview of existing research and scholarship related to the topic of the thesis. It should critically evaluate and synthesize the literature, identifying gaps, contradictions, and areas for further investigation. The literature review is essential for establishing the context and significance of the research and demonstrating the student's understanding of the relevant literature.Methodology:The methodology section describes the research design, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques used in the study. It should be detailed and precise, allowing the reader to understand how the research was conducted and how the results were obtained. The methodology should be aligned with the research question and objectives, ensuring the validity and reliability of the study.Results:The results section presents the findings of the research in a clear and organized manner. It should include tables, figures, and other visual aids to support the presentation of data. The results should be reported accurately and objectively, without interpretation or speculation. The results section is crucial for demonstrating the student's ability to analyze and interpret data and draw meaningful conclusions.Discussion:The discussion section interprets the results in relation to the research question and objectives, addressing their implications, limitations, and potential applications. It should also compare the findings with previous research and theory, highlighting their significance and contributing to the advancement of knowledge in the field. The discussion should be logical, coherent, and persuasive, providing a compelling argument for the conclusions drawn from the research.Conclusion:The conclusion summarizes the key findings and insights of the thesis, emphasizing their significance and relevance. It should restate the research question and objectives, review the main points of the thesis, and offer suggestions for future research. The conclusion should leave a lasting impression on the reader, reinforcing the value and impact of the research.References:The references section lists all the sources cited in the thesis, following a specific citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago). It should be accurate and consistent, providing the necessary information for readers to locate and verify the sources.Tips for Successful Completion:Start early and plan ahead to allow sufficient time for research, writing, and revision.Seek feedback from professors, advisors, and peers to improve the quality of the thesis.Use clear and concise language, avoiding jargon and excessive technical details.Follow the guidelines and formatting requirements of the institution for the thesis.Proofread and edit the thesis carefully to eliminate errors and improve readability.Conclusion:Writing a graduation thesis in English is a challenging but rewarding endeavor that showcases students' knowledge, skills, and creativity. By following the general template and tips provided in this article, students can effectively structure and complete their theses, contributing to their academic and professional development.。
英语论文格式标准范文
英语论文格式标准范文Title: The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health。
Abstract。
This paper explores the impact of social media on mental health. The study examines the relationship between social media use and mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. The paper also discusses the potential benefits of social media and offers recommendations for promoting positive mental health while using social media.Introduction。
Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives, with billions of people using platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter to connect with others, share their thoughts and experiences, and stay informed about the world around them. While social media has many benefits, including the ability to connect with friends and family, access to information, and opportunities for self-expression, there is growing concern about its impact on mental health. This paper aims to explore the relationship between social media use and mental health, and to provide recommendations for promoting positive mental health while using social media.The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health。
好写的英语格子作文模板
好写的英语格子作文模板Good Writing English Essay Template。
Writing a good English essay requires a clear structure and well-organized content. Here is a template that can help you to write a great essay.Introduction:The introduction is the first paragraph of your essay and should provide some background information on the topic. It should also include a thesis statement, which is a sentence that summarizes the main point of the essay.Body Paragraphs:The body of the essay should consist of several paragraphs, each presenting a separate argument or idea. Each paragraph should begin with a topic sentence, which is a sentence that introduces the main idea of the paragraph. The topic sentence should be followed by supporting sentences that provide evidence or examples to support the main idea. Finally, each paragraph should end with a concluding sentence that summarizes the main point and transitions to the next paragraph.Conclusion:The conclusion is the final paragraph of the essay and should restate the thesis statement and summarize the main points of the essay. It should also provide a final thought or reflection on the topic.Tips for Writing a Good English Essay:1. Use clear and concise language.2. Avoid using slang or informal language.3. Use transitions to connect ideas and paragraphs.4. Use evidence and examples to support your arguments.5. Proofread and edit your essay for grammar and spelling errors.Example of a Good English Essay:Title: The Impact of Technology on Education。
万能英语论文作文模板
万能英语论文作文模板英文回答:Introduction。
The ability to effectively communicate in writing is a crucial skill for academic and professional success. Awell-structured essay can help you convey your ideasclearly and persuasively. This template provides a comprehensive guide for writing essays in English, addressing all aspects from planning to writing to editing.Planning。
1. Choose a topic: Select a topic that you are knowledgeable about and passionate about. Ensure that it is relevant to the assignment requirements.2. Research: Gather information from credible sources to support your arguments. Use academic databases, books,and articles.3. Develop a thesis statement: Craft a clear and concise statement that expresses your main argument. It should be specific, arguable, and supported by evidence.4. Create an outline: Organize your essay into logical sections, including an introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.Writing。
英语论文作文模板
英语论文作文模板Title: English Thesis Writing Template。
Introduction。
Writing an English thesis can be a daunting task, especially for non-native speakers. However, with the right approach and a solid writing template, anyone can produce a well-organized and coherent thesis. In this article, wewill provide a step-by-step guide on how to write an English thesis using a proven writing template.Step 1: Choose a Topic。
The first step in writing an English thesis is to choose a topic. This can be a challenging task, but it is crucial to select a topic that is of interest to you and that you have some knowledge about. Once you have chosen your topic, it is important to narrow it down to a specific research question or thesis statement.Step 2: Conduct Research。
After choosing a topic, the next step is to conduct research. This involves gathering information from various sources such as books, journal articles, and online databases. It is important to keep track of your sources and take detailed notes to avoid plagiarism.Step 3: Create an Outline。
英语论文作文模板
英语论文作文模板As the world becomes more interconnected, the importance of learning English has become increasingly evident. English is not only the language of international communication, but also the language of business, science, and technology. Therefore, mastering English can open up a world of opportunities for individuals.In addition to its practical benefits, learning English also allows individuals to access a wealth of literature, films, and music from English-speaking countries. This exposure to different cultural forms of expression can broaden one's horizons and foster a greater understanding of the world.However, the process of learning English can be challenging. It requires dedication, perseverance, and a willingness to step out of one's comfort zone. It also involves making mistakes and learning from them, which can be a humbling experience.Despite the challenges, the rewards of learning English are well worth the effort. Not only does it enhance one's career prospects, but it also enables individuals toconnect with people from diverse backgrounds and cultures. This can lead to meaningful friendships and collaborations that transcend linguistic and cultural barriers.In conclusion, learning English is an invaluablepursuit that offers numerous benefits. It not only provides practical advantages in today's globalized world, but also enriches one's personal and cultural experiences. Therefore, it is worth the time and effort to embark on the journey of mastering the English language.。
英语论文作文模板
英语论文作文模板I believe that learning a new language can be both challenging and rewarding. It requires a lot of time and effort to become fluent in a new language, but the ability to communicate with people from different cultures and backgrounds is invaluable.Learning a new language opens up a world of opportunities. It allows you to travel to new places and immerse yourself in different cultures. You can also expand your professional opportunities by being able to communicate with a wider range of people.One of the most difficult aspects of learning a new language is mastering the grammar and vocabulary. It takes a lot of practice and repetition to become comfortable with a new language's grammar rules and vocabulary. However, the more you practice, the easier it becomes.In addition to grammar and vocabulary, pronunciationcan also be a challenge when learning a new language. Different languages have different sounds and intonations, and it can take time to train your ear and mouth to produce these new sounds accurately.Despite the challenges, the rewards of learning a new language are well worth the effort. It can lead to personal growth and a broader understanding of the world. It can also improve cognitive abilities and even delay the onset of dementia in old age.In conclusion, learning a new language is a valuable and enriching experience. It may be difficult at times, but the benefits far outweigh the challenges. Whether it's for travel, work, or personal growth, learning a new language can open doors and create opportunities that would not otherwise be possible.。
英文论文格式模板
英文论文格式英文论文格式模板当代,论文常用来指进行各个学术领域的研究和描述学术研究成果的文章,简称之为论文。
以下是小编精心准备的英文论文格式模板,大家可以参考以下内容哦!一、英语论文的标题一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。
如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:Dr./Prof.C.Prager)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。
打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为0.6cm(论文其他部分行距同此)。
就学生而言,如果英语论文篇幅较短,亦可不做标题页(及提纲页),而将标题页的内容打在正文第一页的左上方。
第一行为作者姓名,与打印纸顶端距离约为2.5cm,以下各行依次为教师学衔和姓、课程编号(或名称)及日期;各行左边上下对齐,并留出2.5cm左右的页边空白(下同)。
接下来便是论文标题及正文(日期与标题之间及标题与正文第一行之间只需隔行打印,不必留出更多空白)。
二、英语论文提纲英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为2.5cm左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。
主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。
各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。
需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。
如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。
有关英语课程论文格式_论文格式_
有关英语课程论文格式
1.题目
即标题,它的主要作用是概括整个论文的中心内容。
题目要确切、恰当、鲜明、简短、精炼。
(题目:二号,黑体,加粗,居中,除了英语小词外,其他单词首字母都要大写;另外:除了题目外,论文中所有英文的字体均采用“times new roman”)
xx学院 xx级
学号指导老师:
(学院、专业、学号、作者姓名、指导教师姓名(小四号宋体字,加粗),依次排印在论文题目下,上空二行,居中)
2.摘要
摘要是论文的高度概括,是长篇论文不可缺少的组成部分。
要求用中、英文分别书写,一篇摘要不少于200字。
要注明3—5个关键词。
【abstract】……
(英文摘要:上空二行;题目采用五号“times new roman”字体,加粗,置于粗体方括号【】内,顶格放置;随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格,不用其他任何标点符号;采用五号“times new roman”字体,不加粗;单倍行距。
)
3.关键词
是标示文献关键主题内容,但尽量少用不规范的主题词或新造词。
关键词是为了文献标引工作,从论文中选取出来,用以表示全文主要内容信息款目的单词或术语。
【key words】 ; ;;
(英文关键词:题目采用五号“times new roman”字体,加粗,两个单词的首字母要大写,置于粗体方括号【】内,顶格放置;随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格,不用任何其他标点符号,
采用五号“times new roman”字体,不加粗,除了专有名词外,其他单词的首字母不大写,各单词之间用分号“;”隔开,分号之后空一格;最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号;单倍行距。
)。
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On Extra-curricular Activities and Cultivation of English Communicative Ability of College StudentsApplicant: XXSupervisor: XXFaculty: XXXMay 10, 2008XXX University摘要 ............................................................................................. (ii)Abstract ............................................................................................. (iii)1.Introduction ......................................................................................... (1)1.1 The Significance ofTopic .......................................................................................... (1)1.2 ResearchMethods............................................................................................................... 1 2. Theory Research ........................................................................................................................... 1 2.1 LinguisticsRationale ....................................................................................... (1)2.1.1 Theory of Communicative Competence by D. H.Hymes (1)2.1.2 Theory of Communicative Competence by Canale & Swain ..................................2 2.1.3 Theory of Communicative Competence byBachman (2)2.2 Theoretical Basis of the Topic ............................................................................................. 22.2.1 Piaget'sTheory ...................................................................................... (2)2.2.2 American Scholar-- Alan Andean &Weir about― RolePlay............‖.. (3)2.3 Related Studies (3)2.3.1 ResearchesAbroad................................................................................................... 3 2.3.2 Researches in China ................................................................................................. 3 3. Presentation of the English Teaching ............................................................................................ 4 3.1 The Drawbacks of Traditional Teaching Methods .............................................................. 4 3.2 Modern Interest Teaching —— CLT .................................................................................... 4 3.2.1 Definition of CLT .................................................................................................... 4 3.2.2 The Content and Substance ofCLT ......................................................................... 5 3.2.3 CLT in the Use of English Out-of-class Activities .................................................. 4. Out-of-class Activities and Cultivation of CommunicationAbility ............................................. 4.1 The Role of Out-of-class Activities in Training of Communication Ability ....................... 6 6 6 4.2 Current Situation of College Students 4.3 Analysis on the Causes for Problems .................................................................................. 8 4.4 Carrying Out the Out-of-class Activities in Scientific and Effective Way .......................... 9 -of-class ’LeaOutrning ............................................ 7 4.5 A Suggested Framework for Strategy Study ..................................................................... 11 4.5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 11 4.5.2 An Out-of-class English Learning Center .............................................................. 11 5. Conclusion ...........................................................................................American society linguist Dwell Hymes thinks: Communicative competence notonly includes the understanding and grasp to a form of language, but also includes theunderstanding and mastering in when and where, and how and to whom to uselanguage appropriate form of the communication systems of knowledge. As anextension of the classroom, out-of-class activities play a vital role in improvingthecapacity of college English communication. It can create communication situation, sothat students can bring full play with initiative and creativity.Improve thecommunicative ability and develop the quality of the students comprehensively. Fromthe perspective of Applied Linguistics, this essay tries to study the idea andpracticeof English activity course in college school, for the purpose of fosteringstudentsinterest in English communication , improving their English language ability, givingfull play to their individuality and specialty and developing their thinking abilityand communicating ability. Finally, in order to improve the college students' learningstrategy, the essay will provide a suggested framework for strategy training based onthe results of this investigation.Key words:college students, communicative competence, learning strategies,out-of-classactivities1. Introduction1.1 The Significance of TopicEnglish is the international language of the common. In order to learn advanced scientific knowledge in the developed countries, to strengthen economic trade with all countries, the importance of English is easily obvious. However, the teaching methodsand teaching effectiveness of our schools in China are worrisome. In the recent years people usually think the English condition of Chinese students as ―mute English ―deafEnglish‖T.heir English learning starts from the primary school, with alongperiod of seven years, eight years, or even 10 years, they still can not use English to make dialogue, can not understand when the Britain and the Americans speak. Thereason is that the exam-oriented education can cultivate students who are only good at examinations, overlooking to raise their overall quality. Out-of-class English learning may enable them related knowledge, further their skills.1.2 Research MethodsThe main methods for the study are insisting on combining the theory with practice and widely referring to the domestic and foreign literature material. On the basis of this analysis and research, some regular understandings are to be summarized.Put forward proposals to improve.2. Theory Research2.1 Linguistics Rationale2.1.1 Theory of Communicative Competence by D. H. HymesIn 1972, Hymes delivered a speechentitled―Oncommunicative competence‖ ,put―communicative competence‖ as a highly complex system of the knowledge and skills. It can be summarized as a person’ asbility to use the language. It mainlyincludes four aspects: grammaticality, acceptability, appropriate, and actualoperational. The communicative competence is including a person's language knowledge, society cultural knowledge, literary knowledge, cognitive capacity, emotion factor and other knowledge. Therefore, foreign language teaching's duty cannot merely confine to the instruction of language knowledge. His―On communicative competence‖ theory has provided the theory basis for communicative language teaching.2.1.2 Theory of Communicative Competence by Canale & SwainIn the 1980s, Kanami and Swindon theory of communicative ability enriched thetheory of Hymes. They think that communication capabilities include: Grammar ability, social language skills, discourse competence and strategy ability. The practice has proved that their theory is the guiding of the language teaching and standard of the testing programmatic.2.1.3 Theory of Communicative Competence by BachmanOn the basis of various theories, Bachman concluded and proposed the theory of communicative language ability. He believes that communicative language ability is composed of three parts: language competence,strategy ability and psychological mechanism capacity. Apart from enriching exposition of the language ability, the strategy will be in the capacity as an independent part of the languageskills. Andexplain the relative importance of implementation factor.2.2 Theoretical Basis of the Topic2.2.1 Piaget's TheoryConstructivist learning concept proposed that knowledge is not simply to be taught by teachers, but to be learned by each student in a certain situation (socialandcultural background).Students can obtain knowledge and information by making useof other people, using the necessary learning materials throughinterpersonal"collaboration" and "conversation" and "constructing meaning" are the four elementsin the learning environment.2.2.2 American Scholar--Alan Andean&Weir about“ Role Play”―Roleplay teaching model will simulate the process of contact between members of the society. Students through the way of consultation, study each kind of academic knowledge, in order that they can solve the social problem effectively in the future.2.3 Related Studies2.3.1 Researches AbroadThe overseas studies on out-of-class activities may trace to the Plato andRousseautime. Plato is the renowned philosopher in ancient Greece.He advocates―thechild play-ground educational mode. That is the prototype of extra-activities. By the time of French Enlightenment and Rousseau (18th century), "direct curricularexperience" has received wide acceptance. Rousseau stressed "outside world without books, no materials other than the facts", and advocated "natural" mode of education. To the United Statesin the 19th century, the first school in the world which useactivity curriculum theory as teaching guidance--- Dewey's Chicago experimental school, has founded. With 1896---1903 Dewey Chicago experimental courses in school activities the United States began to criticize the traditional courses. Instead ofit are the out-of-class educational activities. These activity courses are based on thepragmatism, lasted more than 50 years in American schools, and their affects are2.3.2 Researches in Chinaprofound and widespread.In our country, no matter what stage,thesecourses have different names, for example, out-of-class activities, the second classroom, class activities, integratedsocial practice and so on. The process of changes is closely related to ourtheoreticalprogress and reform and guiding rules of the government.3. Presentation of the English Teaching3.1 The Drawbacks of Traditional Teaching MethodsReviewing the traditional English teaching method, in the past decades we have indeed made the very big progress.But with social progress and development, its shortcomings are also increasingly revealed.First, because the Chinese test system is imperfect, the traditional English teaching method is just an examination-oriented education model. In this teaching, evaluation of English level is to see the scores.This causes many studentsto get a high score, but they can not communicate with people using English. Secondly, in the traditional English teaching, teacher is the leader, takes the most important part in theclassroom. The teacher stands on the platform proposing the questions, analyzing and explaining them, grasping the entire teaching process. And the student is just passive audience, understandsthe content passively, and records the massive notes. Such teaching method does not have interaction; hardly train student’cosmmunicative ability and language ability. Third, in teaching, to stress the accuracy of knowledge, teachers usually use Chinese to explain.So students have very little opportunity to communicate usingEnglish.Obviously, the traditional English teaching is pared with the language plastic function, it pays more attention to the form of language andthegrammatical function, rather than raises the communication and utilization ability of it. 3.2 Modern Interest Teaching——CLT3.2.1 Definition ofCLTThe content of communicative language teaching is mainly on the language functions. Emphasis carries on language teaching in the real scene, advocating teaching processto socialization, and cultivating the ability of application, studyingfor the purpose of application. While prominent communicative languageteaching, auxiliary by some grammar, translation, sentence and so on, is based on the goal to promote the culture language communicative competence.The core of communicative language teaching is to put the teaching process as a process of communication. The basic principles of teaching may be summarized: The language is the information carrier, is the tool of communications. The language teaching must realize communication through each kind of activities.Language utilization's smoothnessis more important than accuracy. Making mistake is natural and inevitable; we may correct them gradually in the learning process.Students should take the main part in teaching process. The teacher must stimulate the students' enthusiasm and initiative participation; make students enhance communication ability in the language utilization. Communicative language teaching advocated the fully participation of the students.Teacher'sduty is to provide andcreate the real human relations scene,enablestudentsto utilize the languagefreelyand initiatively.3.2.2 The Content and Substance of CLTThe purposeof the communicative languageteaching is to cultivate students' communication ability. It’ thse heuristic method of teaching. Induce thestudentstospeak English boldly. Provide as much as possible drill opportunities for students. But it does not mean that the communicative language teaching only pays great attentionto the oral English, repelling the grammar teaching. The cultivation of communication capability should manifest in the form of four aspects of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Indeed, in communicative language teaching, some teachers pursue the spoken language simply, no matter whether the students can follow and understand or not. As a result the majority of students only learn some spoken languages, butthe knowledge study is not solid, and polarization appears obviously. This indicates that these teachersdo not understandthe communicative language teaching rightly and completely.In the teaching, listening, speaking, reading, writing is inalienable andrelatedclosely. They are interactive with each other. The teacher should help studentgetknowledge, rather than instill it into the students. There have beeninteractionsbetween teachers and students. They should coordinate closely, complete the instruction together. 3.2.3 CLT in the Use of English Out-of-class ActivitiesAccording to students' major character and employment need, make surestudent's understanding domain, emotion domain and skill domain, and then carry onthe goal stipulation in detail. Arrange the out-of-class activities content, thusestablishEnglish out-of-class activities target system. And the process of teaching is theprocessin which teachers and studentsinteract with each other. The teacher shouldgive studentsenough free spaceto display, do not criticize them eagerly, pointoutmistakes, make the summary or decide the answer. This may avoid students beingdiscouraged, but cause them to have the sense of achievement, form the interests inthe communicative activities. The expression of studentsis limited; teachers should adopt various means to enable students to have sufficient information added, and quickly change into actual communication ability. In addition, the design of Englishout-of-class activities is diversified. It can make teachersto teach through playing,cause the student to become the truly independent learner gradually. 4. Out-of-class Activities and Cultivation of Communication Ability4.1 The Role of Out-of-class Activities in Training of CommunicationAbilityOut-of-class activities are an effective way to developcommunicativecompetence. The classroom instruction and the out-of-class activities aretwoimportant constituents in the foreign language teaching system. The foreign languageclassroom instruction is the basic teaching form, plays the leading role. However, itability. It can consolidate and strengthen the classroom knowledge, so thattheknowledge can be improved further through out-of-class activities. The theme of extra-curricular activities can be combined with classroom teaching. Theyinfiltratemutually, the glossary is related to classroom subject, the sentenceand language synthesis utilization ability which could be improved gradually in thepractice of out-of-class activities. The goal of foreign language extra-curricular activities is just to enhancethe ability of students' language communication. These hot topics of life as well as various practices, with the real natural language environment, could arouse students' study enthusiasmand display their intelligence. Let studentsstudy and consolidate English in each kind of activities, enhancetheir foreign language communication skills. 4.2 Current Situation of College Students -o ’f-clOutass Learning As we know ,English learning is not restricted in class ,and out-of-classlearning is also a very important part. Especially for college students, their class time is very limited, so their English learning has to depend on their out-of-class learning. Aspointed out by professor Zhe, from Beijing University, there are only 288classperiods for college students, while language learning is arduous work. Class time isvery limited, so we should teach students how to learn English rather thanteachEnglish. As we know, to a great extent, their English proficiency dependsontheirown learning. Compared with in-class learning, out-of-class learning isparticularlyimportant. It has its unique advantages: first, there is plenty of spare time toexploitfor learners, which is the crucial condition for successful learning; second,out-of-class learning can provide learners real world practice. Additionally, they can help learners broaden their scope of vision and cultivate their learning ability. But fora long time, influenced by our traditional teaching and learning, collegestudentsout-of-class learning is far from being satisfactory. The disordered phenomenain learning are very serious, exactly, most college students just learn Englishfreshmen and second-year students, they are often free at beginning and busy when anexamination is coming, so their out-of-class learning is often at will and loose. That is to say they have no goals, no directions and no management. They often feel nothingto do or don ’ t know how to do. What ’ s more, most of them are used to depending on the teachers and the textbooks and not accustomed to the learning situation withouthomework.On the other hand, to our disappointment, facing this serious situation,the colleges and the teachers don ’ t carry out effective measures to organize and directthe students ’ -outof-class learning. The phenomena become a big barrier for learnerstopromote their English proficiency. Therefore now, changing this unfavorable situationbecomes an urgent task.4.3 Analysis on the Causes for ProblemsAfter you have learned the current situation of the college students -of-class ’ outlearning, I think you can ’ t help askingt the whacause for this serioussituation is. Of cause,the reasonsare various. Taking the college students features of out-of-classlearning into consideration, we find that the basic causeis the studentspreviousEnglish learning experience. Before these studentscame to college, they had six or seven years of Englishlearning. This learning experience has laid strong influence on their current collegeEnglish learning. The teachers nearly dominate every aspect of the learners including their out-of-class learning, and the students seldom get the real independentout-of-class learning, most of the out-of-class learning is devoted to homework orother tasks required by the teachers. In learning, the learners are usually led by their teachers anddon ’ t have to decide how long they should learn and what materials theyshould choose. Gradually, the learners began to depend on the teachers for everythingin learning; as a result, studentshave long been accustomedto learn dependently.They tend to depend on one or two books and the teachers, while they are not awareof the crucial role of themselves. Inherently, this kind of learning experience leads to the lack of the learning strategies.’ leWe find that the students are exactly lacking three groups of learning strategies.First, they do not have the necessarymeta-cognitive strategies,so they just blindlylearn according to their interests. The situation inevitably leads to no plans, nogoalsand no directions. That is why many students claim that they get used to constantcompulsion, supervision and assignment deadlines, for they feel unable to timetablethemselves and take responsibility for their own learning if no one forcesthem.Second, they have no appropriate cognitive strategies to approach their specificlanguagelearning and to solve the specific problems in learning. As a result, eventhough some students show their opposition to depending on the teachers; they are ata loss on how to deal with them, when lacking the appropriate cognitive strategies.The same is true for their social affective strategies. In a word, the lack ofstrategiesgets its way to their dependent language learning.4.4 Carrying Out the Out-of-class Activities in Scientific and Effective WayHow to carry out the out-of-class activities scientifically and effectively? Ithinkwe have to pay attention to the following three aspects: First, the socialization of the activity courses. Oral language is the face-to-facecommunication, so information interaction is very important. Studentsand teachers(or students) talk about the social life which closely related to the hot issues. Thesetopics often can lead to great interest in students, such as: love values, the pros andcons of computers and television, population growth, fake and shoddy, consumption,the increaseof tuition, family relations, and some plan of the future. We areverysensitive to these topics. So they often talk about them with highly interest, and thelanguage is rich. It is of practical significance for students to study foreignlanguagecommunication. Teachers also can organize the language practice, for example:weekend excursions, shopping, picnics, and so on, organizing students to listenEnglish news, watching films, videos and television, because these modern media canspecialized foreign language activities is a pretty good choice for studentswithvarious forms of English reading contest, speech contest, Englishcorner,extra-curricular study group, English theatrical performances, foreignlanguagebroadcasts ⋯ Givestudents a environment which can help them tostudy English .Enable students to consolidate English in a variety of activities and enhance the foreign language communication skills.Secondly, the reality of the activities courses. Language is the carrier of culture. In a certain sense, to learn a language is to learn another culture. As pointed out byBrown: "When you teach a language, you have to transfer a complex culture,practices, values, and ways of thinking, emotional and behavioral systems." This iswhy today foreign language teaching especially focuses on cultural awareness training.The significance of introducing the real text is: making students contact withforeignculture directly, training student ’cusltural awareness; requiring thestudents toparticipate in the meaningful communication in the way of learning mother tongue,not only displaying the grammar or glossary knowledge. In addition, the design oflearning tasks should provide clear and real language information, so that students can study English in a natural, authentic context, master the language applied.Out-of-class activities should be looked as the same as the activities in the real life. We must createan environment similar to real society; cultivate students'ability to use English in work and in the real life.Thirdly, the humanity of activity courses. Out-of-class activities are theexchanges of emotions, ideas, and information between teachers and students. It is atwo-way exchange of teachers and students as a linking bridge. The teacher counsels student to inquest the teaching process, gives back to the studentsin class. The consciousness of the students are fully respected and strengthened. That foundation of cultivating self-confidence, developing individual potential and displaying creative thinking. The role of teachers in extra-curricular activitiespracticeshould be encouraged as participants and collaborators. The dominant position in theout-of –class activities is students; they should play the main role. Becausethe’ s forclassroom environment, teacher and time, mentality of students will always be instable condition, full of imaginations. They no longer feel that learningforeignlanguages is the result of the imposition of the outside world. Therefore, theinitiativewill be enhanced greatly with enthusiastic unprecedented upsurge, and English study is no longer a burden but a pleasure.4.5 A Suggested Framework for Strategy Study4.5.1 IntroductionAs pointed out above, no empirical evidence has yet been provided to determinethe best method for conducting strategy training, but at least three aspectsofthetraining have been identified. They have been designed 1) to raise studentsas to the purpose and rationale of strategy use.2) to give studentsopportunities to practice the strategies that they are being taught. 3) to help students understand howtouse the strategies in new learning contexts. These three components are necessary for each approach in conducting strategy training.’ aw4.5.2 An Out-of-class English Learning CenterAfter you know strategy training probably. In order to improve out-of-classlearning, I have a suggestion in detail.According to theories on second language learning acquisition,language learning environment is crucial for college students ’ English learning, especially,for their out-of-class learning. Through investigation, we find that only asmallpercentage of the 400participants read English newspapers regularly, or watch Englishprogram on TV, or listen to English; most of the participants are only used to readingEnglish books by themselves rather than resorting to other ways of improving theirEnglish proficiency. Through individual interviews, we find two reasons for this result: one is that colleges don ’ tprovide learners with appropriate out-of-classlearningenvironment; the other is that most learners feel that they lack properlearningwhy many learners feel that they simply do not seem to know what to do with theirfree time to exploit the English environment. In fact, the college student’ s fa out-of-class learning can be attributed two aspects: one is the lack oflearningstrategies; the other is the lack of necessary environment.From the points mentioned above, we can summarize that languagelearningenvironment and learning strategies are the two factors, which influencecollegestudents out-of-class learning. Although in most colleges or universities,facilities available include multimedia rooms, video rooms and computer network, on the one hand, these facilities are far from being enough, what ’ s more,edtheyfor are mostlyus teaching and not open for out-of-class learning; in a word, all thesefacilitieslackefficiency.Based on the discussion above, I have proposed to set up a flexible self-accesslanguage learning center which will give students free access to a variety of languagelearning and provide necessaryguidance and technical support. The center aims atintroducing students to independent learning strategies and creating all kindsofopportunities to help them use these strategies, and learning conditions for learners.In this center, materials are organized and catalogued to facilitate individualizedchoices. The learning resourcesinclude books, magazines,newspapers,worksheets,audio and videotapes, discs and multi-media software package and online resources.Thus in their spare time, the college students will be able to use the materials attheirown level and pace, and to work at a time convenient to them. Apart from providingresources and facilities, some professional staff is needed in this center,becauseself-accesslearning is new to the students, and the learners need certain help andsupport. When they expose to it, they will encounter some problems, such as technicaldifficulties, method problems and so on. Therefore they need all kinds of helportechnical support to exploit this center.5. Conclusion This paper has highlighted the importance of cultivating communicative ability。