香江育才实验学校上交模拟题1(含答案)

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2021届广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三语文一模试卷及参考答案

2021届广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三语文一模试卷及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成各题。

万里长城余光中那天下午，心情本来平平静静。

后来收到元月3日的《时代周刊》，翻着翻着，忽然瞥见一张方方的图片，显示堪培拉和一票美国人站在万里长城上。

像是给谁当胸锤了一拳，他定睛再看一遍。

是长城。

雉堞俨然，朴拙而宏美，那古老的建筑雄踞在万山脊上，蟠蟠蜿蜿，一直到天边。

是长城，未随古代飞走的一条龙。

对区区一张照片，反应是那样的剧烈，他自己也感到很惊讶。

万里长城又不是他的，至少，不是他一个人的。

他是一个典型的南方人，生在江南，柔橹声中多水多桥的江南。

他的脚底从未踏过江北的泥土，更别说见过长城。

可是感觉里，长城是他的。

几十年来，一直想抚摸想跪拜的一座遗产，忽然为一双陌生而自莽的脚捷足先登，他的愤怒里有妒恨，也有羞辱。

他有一股冲劲，要写封信慰问长城。

一回头，太太的梳妆镜叫住了他。

镜中出现了一个中年人，两个大陆的月色和一个岛上的云在他眼中，霜已经下下来，在耳边。

大陆会认得这个人吗？二十年前告别大陆的，是一个黑发青睐的少年啊！那位女职员接过信去，匆匆一瞥，然后忍住笑说：“这怎么行？地名都没有。

”“那不是地名吗？”他指指正面。

“万里长城？就这四个大字？”她的眉毛扬得更高了。

“告诉你，不行！连区号都没有一个，怎么投递呢？何况，根本没有这个地名。

”其他的女职员全围过来看。

大家似笑非笑地打量着他。

其中一位女职员忍不住念起来。

“万里长城：我爱你。

哎呀，这算写得什么信嘛？笑死……这种情书我还是第一次看见。

万里长城在哪里？”“一封信，只有七个字。

”另一位小姐说。

“恐怕是世界上最短的信了吧？”“才不！”他吼起来。

“这是世界上最长的信。

可惜你们不懂!”他从人丛中夺门逃出来，把众多的笑声留在邮局里。

“你们不懂！”他回过身去，挥拳一吼。

在冷冷的雨中，他梦游一般步行回家。

他走过陆桥。

他越过铁路。

他在周末的人群中挤过。

2021年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析

2021年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen it comes to the greatest inventions of the world, China’s name is sure to be mentioned several times. There are hundreds of things which were invented by the Chinese.AlcoholShocked? I was because when they said alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK. China had never crossed my mind. In China, alcohol was made by two legendary persons named Yi Di and Du Kang who belonged to the Xia Dynasty. This period was about 2000 BC - 1600 BC. Research says that in ancient China, beer with 4% alcoholic content was widely consumed by people.TeaChina is the proud inventor of tea which was first drunk by Shen Nong, a Chinese emperor around 2737 BC. Tea production was rapidly developed, making tea a popular drink during the Tang and Song Dynasties.The Mechanical ClockHave you ever wondered what on earth we would be doing without any idea of time? A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete. The credit of making the first mechanical clock goes to ancient China. The first mechanical clock was invented by Yi Xing in the Tang Dynasty. This was during 618 and 907.Silk FabricSilk, the favorite fabric of many girls out there, is also a Chinese invention. Although we all know that silk is made by silkworms, it was Chinese people who first invented a way to harvest the silk and then use it to make clothes. The oldest silk which has been found so far is in Henan Province and dates back to 3630 BC.1.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.A.people in the US like alcoholB.beer was popular in the Xia DynastyC.Yi Di and Du Kang invented alcohol by accidentD.the author didn’t know alcohol is a Chinese invention2.The author asks the question in Paragraph 4 to show ________.A.ancient Chinese inventors were wiserB.many things in our lives are incompleteC.ancient Chinese people never wasted timeD.the invention of the mechanical clock is important3.Which of the following invention has a longer history?A.Tea.B.Alcohol.C.Silk fabric.D.The mechanical clock.BJose Hernandez made his dream of becoming an astronaut a reality and he did so despite unbelievable difficulties“I was workingin a field near Stockton, and I heard on my radio that Franklin Chang-Diaz had been selected for the Astronaut Corps," said Jose, who was a senior in high school at the timed was already interested in science and engineering, Jose remembered, "but that was the moment I said, "I want to fly in space.' "As one of four children in a migrant（移民）farming family from Mexico, Jose - who didn't learn English until he was 12 years old - spent much of his childhood traveling with his family from Mexico to southern California each March, then working northward to the Stockton area by November, picking strawberries and cucumbers at farms along the route. They would then return to Mexico for Christmas and start the cycle all over again in the spring. "Some kids might think it would be fun to travel like that,“ Jose laughed, "but we had to work”.After graduating from high school, Jose was admitted into the University of the Pacific, In 1987, he accepted a full-time job with Lawrence National Laboratory. In 2001, Jose joinedtheJohnson Space Center, where he came face-to-face with Franklin Chang-Diaz.“We actually had common experiences —asimilar upbringing, the same language issues. That built up my confidence. Any barriers that existed, he had already overcome them.” Jose smiled. "Now it's my tum!,,“NASA rejected me not once, not twice, not three times but 11 times. It wasn't until the 12th time that I got selected, he said. Jose was selected as part of the 19th class of astronauts in 2004. He circled the globe 217 times but remains a down to Earth guy.Jose Hernandez received the 2016 National Hispanic Hero Award and he continues his long history in the field of engineering and space.4. What made Jose determined to be an astronaut?A. The influence of Astronaut Corps.B. The success of Franklin Chang-Diaz.C. His interest in science and engineering.D. The experience of working in the field.5. What can we learn about Jose as a child?A. He did much farm work.B. He travelled a lot for fun.C. He hated learning English.D. He obeyed his family in everything.6. How did Jose feel when he met FranklinChang-Diaz personally?A. Inspired.B. Valued.C. Relaxed.D. Puzzled.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Climb over BarriersB. Reach for the StarsC. Work the Hard WayD. Learn from Your PastCSmart speakers have proven to be handy devices in hospitals, allowing patients to control independently . And now, researchers from theUniversityofWashingtonhave developed an artificial intelligence system that enables these devices to monitor heartbeats.Using technology to remotely monitor heart rates isn't new. These days most smartwatches and fitness trackers are capable of it. The good thing here is that researchers have figured out a way to use the microphones in smart speakers to do it without requiring physical contact.In a study published inCommunications Biology, the researchers had the smart speakers send out signals that couldn't be heard which were then reflected off a person's body. They then analyzed these signals to identify small chest wall motions related to heartbeats, as well as separate those signals from surrounding noise and breathing.For this particular proof — of — concept setup, the researchers tested this smart speaker on 26 healthy participants and 24 hospitalized patients with various heart conditions, including atrial fibrillation（心房颤动）and heart failure. In both cases, the smart speaker was within 28 -30 milliseconds of an ECG（心电图）,the gold standard used in hospitals to discover arrhythmia（心律不齐）.Like smartwatches with advanced heart features, using smart speakers in this way opens up the possibility for passive, remote heart monitoring. ECGs, while highly accurate, require a visit to the doctor and several electrodes （电极）to be placed on the body. They,re not capable of continuous monitoring so you're limited to what it picks up at that exact moment in time ——one reason why heart arrhythmia can be so hard to discover.Smartwatches are capable of passive, remote, continuous monitoring, but they require you to wear the device at all times to be effective. It's not something that's comfortable for everyone, especially when it comes tosleep and for those with highly sensitive skin. Another issue is that these advanced smartwatches are expensive, while smart speakers are much cheaper.“If you have a device like this, you can monitor a patient on an extended basis and then develop corresponding care plans that satisfy the patient' s needs,“ said Dr. Arun Sridhar, co — senior author on the study. "And the beauty of using this kind of devices is that they are already in people's homes.”8. What does the author focus on in Paragraph 3?A. How the smart speaker works.B. Why the smart speaker is useful.C. The advantages of smart speakers.D. The importance of the study.9. Why is heart arrhythmia difficult to find?A. ECGs are not highly accurate.B. ECGs can't monitor continuously.C. Doctors know little about heart arrhythmia.D. An ECG test is hard to operate and expensive.10. Which statement best explains the characteristics of smartwatches?A. They are comfortable to wear.B. They are friendly to sensitive skin.C. They are effective and cheap.D. They are able to monitor remotely.11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. We need to invent more smart devices.B. Care plans are vital to patients with heart failure.C. Smart speakers could be contactless heart monitors.D. Different devices are needed to meet patients,demands.DWhy isn’t science better? Look at career incentive(激励).There are oftensubstantial gaps between the idealized and actual versions of those people whose work involves providing a social good. Government officials are supposed to work for their constituents. Journalists are supposed to provide unbiased reporting and penetrating analysis. And scientists are supposed to relentlessly probe the fabric of reality with the most rigorousand skeptical of methods.All too often, however, what should be just isn’t so. In a number of scientific fields, published findings turn out not toreplicate(复制), or to have smaller effects than, what was initially claimed. Plenty of science does replicate — meaning the experiments turn out the same way when you repeat them -but the amount that doesn’t is too much for comfort.But there are also waysin which scientists increase their chances of getting it wrong. Running studies with small samples, mining data for correlations and forming hypotheses to fit an experiment’s results after the fact are just some of the ways to increase the number of false discoveries.It’s not like we don't know how to do better. Scientists who study scientific methods have known about feasible remedies for decades. Unfortunately, their advice often falls ondeaf ears.Why? Why aren't scientific methods better than they are? In a word: incentives. But perhaps not in the way you think.In the 1970s, psychologists and economists began to point out the danger in relying on quantitative measures for social decision-making. For example, when public schools are evaluated by students’ performance on standardized tests, teachers respond by teaching “to the test”. In turn, the test serves largely as of how well the school can prepare students for the test.We can see this principle—often summarized as “when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure”—playing out in the realm of research. Science is a competitive enterprise. There are far more credentialed (授以证书的) scholars and researchers than there are university professorships or comparably prestigious research positions. Once someone acquires a research position, there is additional competition for tenure grant funding, and support and placement for graduate students. Due to this competition for resources, scientists must be evaluated and compared. How do you tell if someone is a good scientist?An oft-used metric is the number of publications one has in peer-reviewed journals, as well as the status of those journals. Metrics like these make it straightforward to compare researchers whose work may otherwise be quite different. Unfortunately, this also makes these numbers susceptible to exploitation.If scientists are motivated to publish often and in high-impact journals, we might expect them to actively try to game the system. And certainly, some do—as seen in recent high-profile cases of scientific fraud(欺诈). If malicious fraud is the prime concern, then perhaps the solution is simply heightened alertness.However, most scientists are, I believe, genuinely interested in learning about the world, and honest. The problem with incentives is that they can shape cultural norms without any intention on the part of individuals. 12. Which of the following is TRUE about the general trend in scientific field?A. Scientists are persistently devoted to exploration of reality.B. The research findings fail to achieve the expected effect.C. Hypotheses are modified to highlight the experiments' results.D. The amount of science that does replicate is comforting.13. What doesdeaf earsin the fourth paragraph probably refer to?A. The public.B. The incentive initiators.C. The peer researchers.D. The high-impact journal editors.14. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?A. Good scientists excel in seeking resources and securing research positions.B. Competition for resources inspires researchers to work in a more skeptical way.C. All the credentialed scholars and researchers will not take up university professorships.D. The number of publication reveals how scientists are bitterly exploited.15. According to the author, what might be a remedy for the fundamental problem in scientific research?A. High-impact journals are encouraged to reform the incentives for publication.B. The peer-review process is supposed to scale up inspection of scientific fraud.C. Researchers are motivated to get actively involved in gaming the current system.D. Career incentives for scientists are expected to consider their personal intention.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三生物第一次联考试卷及参考答案

2020届广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三生物第一次联考试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 有关模型建构和探究活动的叙述,正确的是A. 建立血糖调节模型时,保管胰岛素卡和胰高血糖素卡的同学代表胰腺腺泡细胞B. 探究生长素类似物促进插条生根的最适浓度时,应严格控制NAA浓度等无关变量C. 探究水族箱中群落的演替时,若分解者数量太少,则最先出现营养危机的是初级消费者D. 探究土壤微生物对落叶的分解作用时,应将实验组的土壤灭菌以排除土壤微生物的作用2. 害虫甲有天敌乙和丙，同时丙是乙的天敌。

乙的成虫可攻击甲，且能将卵产入甲体内，乙的卵在甲体内发育成幼虫后，该类甲个体会疯狂地摇摆，从而易被丙发现而被捕食。

下列分析错误的是（）A. 乙和丙的种间关系是捕食和竞争B. 丙捕食疯狂摇摆的甲，这对甲种群的生存是有利的C. 甲个体疯狂摇摆传递的信息可调节生物的种间关系，有利于维持生态系统的稳定D. 碳以CO2形式进入甲体内，以含碳有机物的形式进入乙和丙体内3. 叶绿体中的GAP脱氢酶(以下简称为G酶)是光合作用暗反应中唯一能利用NADPH还原C3的酶，因此可用NADPH的氧化速率表示G酶的活性。

某学习小组为探究光照对叶绿体中G酶活性的影响，将正常生长的盆栽花生在暗处放置24h后，再给予光照和黑暗处理，并定时剪取叶片测定叶绿体中G酶活性，结果如下图所示。

下列说法错误的是（）A.从叶肉细胞中分离出叶绿体可采用差速离心法，G酶分布在叶绿体的内膜和基质中B.构建体外测定G酶活性的反应体系，需要G酶、ADP、C5、缓冲物质和适宜的温度C.暗处放置24h后再给予光照处理，叶绿体中NADPH生成量会增加D.实验说明光照条件下叶绿体中G酶活性较高4. 如图所示为人体某类免疫过程的模式图，下列相关叙述正确的是（）A. 该图示体现了人体免疫系统的监控和清除功能B. 细胞A在特异性免疫过程中识别病菌具有特异性C. 物质I和II都是免疫活性物质，都能与病菌特异性结合D. 细胞A和B在体液免疫和细胞免疫中都发挥作用5. 通过冷冻技术，细胞膜通常从某个断裂分开，结构如图所示，据图分析不能得出（）A.图中b侧为细胞质基质B.磷脂双分子层疏水端断裂C.细胞膜具有一定的流动性D.膜蛋白的分布存在不对称6. 某同学进行实验，甲图为实验开始状态，乙图为实验结束状态。

香江育才实验学校上交模拟题2(含答案)

香江育才实验学校九年级英语科模拟题2笔试部分（满分110分）一、语法选择（共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to __1__ place at a certain time. They move for different __2__: most of them move to find food more easily, __3__ others move to get away from places that are too __4__.When cold weather __5__, many birds move to warmer places __6__ food. The most famous migration(迁移) is probably the migration of fish, which is called “salmon”. This fish is born __7__ fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends __8__ life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and __9__. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain homes __10__ there are too many of them in one place. They move down to the low land. __11__ they move all the way to the seaside, and many of them __12__ when they fall into the sea.Recently, scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobster(龙虾). Every year, when the season of the bad weather arrives, __13__ lobsters get into a long line and start to walk __14__ the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this and where they are going. __15__ animals and man move sometimes. Maybe living things just like to travel.1. A. other B. others C. another D. the other2. A. reasons B. reason C. a reason D. the reason3. A. and B. so C. because D. but4. A. crowd B. crowded C. crowds D. more crowded5. A. come B. came C. will come D. comes6. A. to find B. find C. finds D. finding7. A. on B. in C. at D. under8. A. it B. it’s C. its D. itself9. A. dies B. die C. dying D. died10. A. what B. where C. when D. while11. A. some times B. some time C. sometime D. sometimes12. A. are killed B. are kill C. were kill D. were killed13. A. a B. an C. the D. /14. A. cross B. across C. crossing D. crossed15. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. All- 1 -二、完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~25各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2021年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案

2021年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you had the opportunity to live forever, would you take it? Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility, but some scientists think that digital technology may have the answer: creating a digital copy of your “self” and keeping it “alive” online long after your physical body has ceased to function.In effect, the proposal is to clone a person electronically. Unlike the familiar physical clones — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are completely separate organisms with a separate life — your electronic clone would believe itself to be you. How might this be possible? The first step would be to mapthe brain.How? One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — one of the kings of artificial intelligence — predicts that within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream. Inthe capillaries (毛细血管) of the brain, they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral (大脑的) electronic activity. They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside a special helmet, so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.As a further step, Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet, similar to what was shown in the film “Matrix”. With the nano transmitters in place, by thought alone, you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen, they would play inside your mind. Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death. But why wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots (纳米机器人) and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?One snag: to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company. These companies want real money in real bank accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else. With your body six feet underground how will you pay?1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.B. Electronic clones recreate the original human body.C. Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.D. Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.2. What is the author’s attitude towards electronic clones?A. Optimistic and careful.B. Interested and unconvinced.C. Excited and confused.D. Assured and critical.3. The author asks “how will you pay?” at the end of the article, because ________.A. you can’t pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically deadB. you can’t pay for hard disc space if you don’t have a bank accountC. you can’t pay for a special service if too many people want to use itD.you can’t pay the web-hosting company if you don’t have a neural networkBI dropped out of college after my first year. Three years later, I returned to college after having been stuck in a dead-end job, working at a department store. I saw school as my way out. But I quickly found myself up against the same problems that had caused me to give up before. I was in over my head with college-level algebra (代数) and a heavy workload of reading and writing homework. In addition, I was still unsure of my career (职业) direction。

2021届广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三生物一模试卷及答案解析

2021届广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三生物一模试卷及答案解析一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 一对血型分别为AB型和B型的夫妇，生一个孩子的血型不可能的是（）A．A型B．B型C．AB型D．O型2. 如果一个生态系统中有4种生物,并构成一条食物链,在某一时间分别测得这4种生物(甲、乙、丙、丁)所含有机物的总量,如图所示。

在一段时间内,如果乙的种群数量增加,则会引起()A.甲、丁的种群数量增加,丙的种群数量下降B.甲、丙、丁的种群数量均增加C.甲、丁的种群数量下降,丙的种群数量增加D.甲的种群数量下降,丙、丁的种群数量增加3. 在某一农田生态系统中，大面积单一种植某种农作物（甲）可导致害虫A的爆发，改成条带状合理地间作当地另一种农作物（乙）后，乙生长良好，害虫A的爆发也受到了抑制。

对此，不合理的解释是A. 新的种间关系不利于害虫AB. 新的群落空间结构不利于害虫AC. 乙的出现使害虫A的环境容纳量下降D. 乙和害虫A存在互相抑制的竞争关系4. 有关氨基酸的说法，错误的是（）A.在人体中组成蛋白质的氨基酸约有20种B.二肽是两个氨基酸脱水缩合，含两个肽键的化合物C.各种氨基酸理化性质不同的原因是R基不同D.人体细胞不能合成的氨基酸称为必需氨基酸5. 在寒冷的冬天，很多人选择晨跑来锻炼身体。

下列相关叙述正确的是（）A. 晨跑过程中所需要的能量主要来自细胞的有氧呼吸B. 晨跑过程中血糖浓度降低，胰岛B细胞分泌的胰高血糖素增加C. 晨跑者疲劳时还能坚持跑完，控制该行为的神经中枢位于脑干D. 晨跑结束后，通过体液调节可使呼吸、心率立即恢复正常6. 如下两种氨基酸，它们在形成二肽化合物时，最可能缩合的基团是( )A. ①①B. ①①C. ①①D. ①①7. 下列不属于激素调节特点的是（）A.微量而高效B.通过体液运输C.作用于靶器官、靶细胞D.激素能在体内长期存在8. 正常生理条件下，红细胞内K+浓度远高于细胞外，表明K+转运进入红细胞的方式为A. 自由扩散B. 被动运输C. 协助扩散D. 主动运输9. 下列有关酶的实验设计，正确的是A.利用淀粉、蔗糖、淀粉酶和碘液验证酶的专一性B.利用过氧化氢和过氧化氢酶探究温度对酶活性的影响C.利用过氧化氢、鲜肝匀浆和FeCl3研究酶的高效性D.利用胃蛋白酶、蛋清和pH分别为5、7、9的缓冲液验证pH对酶活性的影响10. 玉米是雌雄同株、异花传粉植物，可以接受本植株的花粉，也能接受其他植株的花粉。

2019-2020学年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语模拟试题及答案解析

2019-2020学年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语模拟试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen you grow up in Voss, outdoor adventures become a way of living. This is why visitors will find outdoor activities for all ages and levels. Many people get the impression that such activities as river sports, air sports and other extreme sports are only for the experts. Actually, you will find many outdoor adventures for those who simply want a taste of these elements in Voss.◆River KayakingThe river in Voss are great for river kayaking. If you are a beginner, we advise you to try an introduction course of 3 hours. A course of 2 days can be tested out if you really want to learn the sport of kayaking. Get a totally new experience with one of the best kayak centers inNorway.Prices From NOK 850 per person◆RaftingThe most popular summer activity in Voss. Thrilling, fun and suitable for beginners as well as those with experience! Includes transportation, safety instruction, swim test and about8kmof breathtaking rafting starting off in softer steams before getting on to the more exciting streams.Season Daily May—OctoberPrices From NOK 1,120Info All necessary equipment is provided. Please bring your own swimwear and towel.◆Bavallsekspressen Chair LiftExplore the mountain by riding the Bavallsekpressen chair lift all the way to the top to get immediate access to a great variety of hiking trails in beautiful scenery. The lift is also open for those who want to bring their bike or paraglider. Start and end: From Bavallen to Hangurstoppen.Season: Sat/Sun 24 June—06 August 12:00-16:00Prices Single trip: NOK 100 Day pass: NOK 250◆HusdyrparkenAt Husdyrparken, visitors get to experience Norwegian farm animals. You can participate in animal feedingand farm competitions, or simply relax with an organic ice cream in the café. You can also visit a small museum with old farming equipment.Season: Daily 18 June—21 AugustPrices: Adults NOK 120 Children NOK 60 Senior NOK 60Family Pass NOK 200 (For up to two adults and two kids)1. Who are the intended readers of the passage?A. Local residents.B. Professional athletes.C. Travel experts.D. Common Tourists.2. Which of the following activities provide instructions for beginners?A. River Kayaking and Rafting.B. Husdyrparken and River Kayaking.C. Rafting and Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift.D. Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift and Husdyrparken.3. How much should Jan pay for a farm trip with her little son and her mother in Voss?A. NOK 240.B. NOK 200.C. NOK 180.D. NOK 120.BYou run into the grocery store to quickly pick up your item. You grab what you need and head to the front of the store. After quickly sizing up the check-out lines, you choose the one that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People getting in other lines long after you have already checked out and headed to the parking lot. Why does this seem to always happen to you?Well, as it turns out, it's just math that is working against you. A grocery store tries to have enough employees at the checkout lines to get all their customers through with minimum delay. But sometimes, like on a Sunday afternoon, they get super busy. Because most grocery stores don't have the physical space to add more checkout lines, their system becomes overburdened. Some small interruption — a price check, a particularly talkative customer — will have downstream effects, holding up the entire line behind them.If there are three lines at the store, these delays will happen randomly at different registers (收银台). Think about the probability. The chances of your line being that fastest one are only one in three, which means you have a two-thirds chance of not being in the fastest line. So it's not just in your mind: Another line is probably moving faster thanyours.Now, mathematicians have come up with a good solution, which they call queuing theory, to this problem: Just make all customers stand in one long snaking line, called a serpentine line, and serve each person at the frontwith the next available register. With three registers, this method is about three times faster on average than the more traditional approach. This is what they do at most banks, Trader Joe's, and some fast-food places. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow everyone down a little bit.4. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A. Queuing in a line.B. A shopping experience.C. A rush in the morning.D. Cutting in a line.5. According to the article, what may cause delays in checking out?A. The lack of employees in the grocery store.B. Some unexpected delays of certain customers.C. The increasing items bought by customers.D. A worsening shopping system of the store.6. What is the solution given by mathematicians?A. Employing more workers for checking out.B. Limiting the number of queuing people.C. Making only one line available.D. Always standing in the same line.7. What's the principle behind the queuing theory?A. To pursue the maximum benefit.B. To leave success or failure to luck.C. To avoid the minimum loss.D. To spread the risk equally among everyone.CAccording to a survey, the wasteof food on the dining table occupies 10% of the total grain output.Last week, Meituan, a giant online food ordering platform, co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help develop new eating habits for customers. Following the proposal, merchants are asked to offer guidance for consumers, including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients, portion sizes and other information about the dishes, to helpthem avoid excessive ordering and food waste.Catering（餐饮)associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to remove food waste.The Wuhan Catering Association proposed an “NT" ordering code for restaurants in which a group of 10 diners would only order enough for nine people. More food is only brought to the table if required. On Friday, the China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Ele. me, the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform, to launch a "half-dish plan," encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions.Tang Zhisong, a professor at Southwest University Education School, said "Evaluating how much you can eat, how much you should buy and how to deal with the leftover is a way for young people to improve their self-management. It's also a means to teach them sharing food, caring about others, and more importantly, developing a mindset of suitability. "8. What's the purpose of the proposal mentioned in the passage?A. To change customers' attitude toward life.B. To promote a new policy on food delivery.C. To spread the idea of healthy eating.D. To encourage restaurants to reduce food waste.9. What does the underlined word “excessive" in Paragraph 2 prolably mean?A. More than enough.B. Less than required.C. Better than ever.D. Worse than before.10. Paragraph 3 is mainly developed by.A. offering analysesB. presenting a surveyC. giving examplesD. making comparisons11. What do Tang's words suggest?A. Sharing food is caring about others.B. Young people should have self-discipline.C. Reducing food waste has all-round benefits.D Saving food contributes to a sustainable society.DYour best friend that follows you around when the sun comes out - your shadow - doesn’t serve an important function like your heart or brain, but what if you could use shadows to create electricity? When using solar panels (电池板) that are powered by light, shadows can be boring because it means electricity can’t be created. However, researchers from the National University of Singapore have engineered a way to create power from the shadowspresent everywhere.A team of the university created a machine that can collect energy from shadows. It is created by placing a thin coating of gold onto silicon (硅). Like in a normal solar panel, when put in light, the silicon electrons (电子) become energized and the energized electrons then jump from the silicon to the gold. The voltage (电压) of the part of the machine that is placed in the light increases to the dark part and the electrons in the machine flow from high to low voltage. They are sent through an external circuit (外电路) creating a current that can be used to power another machine. The greater the contrast between light and dark, more energy is provided by the machine.The team isworking on improving the performance of the machine, borrowing approaches from solar panels to gather light. Increasing the amount of light the machines can receive allows them to better make use of shadows, as well as developing shadow energy collecting panels that can successfully gather from indoor lighting. The team is also researching the use of other materials other than gold to drop the price of the machine, meaning they would be more cost effective and easier to apply in society.Shadows are present everywhere and perhaps one day in the future we will be able to collect energy from them by placing the shadow-effect energy machine around the world in places that have been considered unfit for solar panels to work, or indoors. “A lot of people think that shadows are useless,” Tan says, but “anything can be useful, even shadows.”12. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. Your best friend always stays with you after the sunrise.B. The shadow has the same function as the heart and brain.C. Shadows can stop solar panels from creating electricity.D. Researchers have found a way to create power from shadows.13. What is the key working principle of the machine mentioned in the text?A. The silicon produces electricity when it is in the light.B. The gold produces power with the help of the silicon.C. The energized electrons flow from high to low voltage.D. An external circuit creates current using another machine.14. How does the team improve the performance of the machine?A. Using solar panels in the machine.B. Increasing the amount of light received.C. Developing light energy collecting panels.D. Bringing down the price of gold.15. Which of the following is the best place to apply the machine?A. A gym.B. A park.C. A farm.D. A playground.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三语文一模试题及参考答案

2021年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三语文一模试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。

材料一：近日，媒体从北京市公安局网安总队获悉，“星援”App利用粉丝给偶像刷流量的需求疯狂牟利，帮助歌坛“小鲜肉”流量艺人蔡徐坤制造1亿微博转发量，半年内吸金800余万元的案件事实成立。

此案件一经公布就在社会上引发了强烈的反响。

这表明，法治的利剑终于落在了“流量造假”的头上。

在这起“星援”App的刑事犯罪案件中，涉案者高二学生陈芳（化名）称，她每天都会登录“星援”App并完成粉丝组长布置的转发任务。

转发，点赞，打榜，做完一系列活动后，她凭借“超话社区”参加抽奖活动，获得更加接近“爱豆”（偶像）的机会，每个月花费约1000元。

针对粉丝购买相关服务，通过平台、商家等自动转发评论明星微博的行为，北京康达律师事务所律师韩骁就曾对媒体表示，虽然这是一种粉丝自愿行为，但属于数据造假，违反了《中华人民共和国电信条例》和《北京市微博客发展管理若干规定》中关于实名制注册，不得以虚假身份办理入网手续、实施扰乱网络传播秩序的法律规定，应予以禁止。

（摘编自曾庆瑞《以法治利剑剜掉“流量造假”的毒瘤》，《光明日报》2019年6月18日）材料二：应该承认，数据的确可以成为一个指标，毕竟也不是哪一个明星都能吸引那么多粉丝……问题不在于数据本身，而是我们对于数据的态度：我们该如何看待数据？现在的粉丝圈将数据视为唯一。

这种不自觉的“唯数据论”，会带来深远的恶果。

一个是疯狂的数据造假。

央视曾专题列举了8个艺人的相关数据，记录了他们相关数据脱水前和脱水后的具体对比，造假比例最高的居然达到了80%。

另一个糟糕的影响是，造假会给粉丝圈的年轻人带来一种错误的价值观：哪怕造假了也没有关系，只要最后赢了就行。

我不管你什么是非曲直，数据才是硬通货，只要偶像通过数据赢得利益即可。

当有人批评她们的偶像时，她们就扔出一堆数据：偶像这么红，你批评就是在黑他！（摘编自陈子非《周杰伦赢蔡徐坤超话登顶，能浇灭流量时代的数据狂热吗？》，《南方周末》2019年7月22日）材料三：在资本的影响下，流量创造的粉丝经济，不断抬高流量明星的身价和地位，也让粉丝心甘情愿地掏钱，以致于“刷量”成为业内公开的秘密。

2021届广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语模拟试卷及答案

2021届广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语模拟试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALost cities that have been foundThe White CityIn 2015, a team of explorers to Honduras in search of"the Lost City of the Monke God"led to the discovery of the White City. They found the ruins in the Mosquitia region of the Central American country which is known for poisonous snakes, vicious jaguars and deadly insects. It is believed that local people hid here when the Spanish conquerors(征服者) occupied their homeland in the16th century.Canopus and HeracleionModern researchers were teased by the ancient writings about the Egyptian cities Canopus and Heracleion-where Queen Cleopatra often visited. But the cities weren’t found until 1992, when a search in Alexandria waters found that the two cities had been flooded for centuries. Artifacts(史前器物) showedthat the cities once highly developed as a trade network, which helped researchers piece together more about the last queen of Egypt. Machu PicchuA Yale professor discovered "the Lost City in the Clouds"in 1911. A combination of palaces, plazas, temples and homes, Machu Picchu displays the Inca Empire at the height of its rule. The city, which was abandoned in the 16th century for unknown reasons,was hidden by the local people from the Spanish conquerors for centuries keeping it so well preserved.TroyThe ancient city of Troy in homer's The Iliad was considered a fictional setting for his characters to run wild. But in 1871, explorations in northwestern Turkey exposed nine ancient cities layered (层叠) on top of each other, the earliest dating back to about5,000 years before. It was later determined that the sixth or seventh layer contained the lost city of Troy and that it was actually destroyed by an earthquake, not a wooden horse.1.Why did people hide in the White City in the 16th century?A.To survive the warB.To search for a lost city.C.To protect their country.D.To avoid dangerous animals2.Which of the following was related to a royal family member?A.The White CityB.Canopus and HeracleionC.Machu PicchuD.Troy3.What can we learn about Troy?A.It was built by Homer.B.It consisted of nine citiesC.It had a history of 5,000 yearsD.It was ruined by a natural disaster.BAt the age of 50, Nina Schoen expects to have a long lifeahead of her, but has thought a lot about death—and why people are so reluctant to talk about it: “It’s going to happen to all of us,” she says, “but it should be a more positive experience than the fear we put into it.”When she first heard about a new end-of-life process that turns the body into compost (堆肥), “I was really moved by the idea,” says Schoen, who became one of the first to reserve a spot with a Seattle-based company called Recompose, the county’s first funeral home to offer human composting.Last year Recompose began transforming bodies to soil, more formally known as natural organic reduction. Before that, end-of-life options in the U.S. were limited to burial or cremation (火化), both of which come with environmental costs—U.S. cremations alone dump 1.7 billion pounds of carbon dioxide into theatmosphere every year.Katrina Spade pioneering the composting movement has spent a decade developing the process in hopes of offering people a greener option for death care. “I wondered, ‘What if we had a choice that helps the planet rather than harms it?’” Spade tells PEOPLE. “To know that the last gesture you’ll make will be gentle and beneficial and it just feels like the right thing to do.”After she had her own two sons, she began to wonder what she might do with her body after death. A friend who knew her interest in the topic reminded her that farmers sometimes compost the body of cows, and thatsparkedan idea for her theory: “If you can compost a cow, you can probably compost a human,” she thought, and she set about designing a facility to do just that.“This is about giving people another choice,” Spade says. “At first, people react with shock—‘You really can do that?’ But so many people today are looking at their impact on the Earth. This is a popular thing because when you die, you can give back to the planet.”4. How do people react when it comes to death according to paragraph 1?A. They are unwilling to comment.B. They can face it without fear.C. They feel it a positive experience.D. They would like to compost their bodies.5. What can we know about the company Recompose?A. Its CEO is Katrina Spade.B. It is located in Seattle.C. It was founded to resist cremation.D. It has spent 10 years composting bodies.6. What does the underlined word “sparked” probably mean?A. Changed.B. Compromised.C. Quitted.D. Inspired.7. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. A little things in our life can bring in big outcomes.B. We human beings should do all we can to help the earth.C. Composting is so popular that we should reserve a spot soon.D. We should reject burial because of its harm to environment.CCalifornia's August Complex Fire tore through more than 1,600 square miles of forest last summer,burning nearly every tree in its path. It was the largest wildfire in the state's recorded history, breaking the record previously set in 2018. After the fire, land managers must determine where to most efficiently plant new trees.A predictive mapping model called the Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool recently described in Ecological Applications could inform these decisions, saving time and expense. The tool can “show where young trees are needed most, where the forest isn't going to come back on its own, where we need to intervene（干预）if we want to maintain forests," says lead author Joseph Stewart, an ecologist at the University of California, Davis.To develop the model, Stewart and his colleagues classified data collected from more than 1,200 study plots in 19 areas that burned between 2004 and 2012. They combined these data with information on rainfall, geography, climate, forest composition and bum severity.Theyalso included how many seeds sample conifer trees （针叶树）produced in 216locations over 18 years, assessing whether the trees release different numbers of seeds after a fire.The tool's potential benefits are significant, says Kimberley Davis, a conservation scientist at theUniversityofMontana, who was not involved in the study. Those managers will still have to make hard decisions, such as which species to plant in areas that may experience warmer and drier conditions resulting from climate change, but the model provides some research-based guidance to help the forests recover.8. What challenge do land managers face after the wildfire?A. Lack of wood supplies.B. Where to plant new trees best.C. How to save the burned trees.D. Loss of trees and wild animals.9. What's the main idea of paragraph 2?A. The function of the tool.B. The disadvantages of the tool.C. The improvement of the tool.D. The development of the tool.10. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?A. The study plots.B. The data.C. Stewart and his colleagues.D. The seeds.11. What isDavis' attitude towards the tool?A. Skeptical.B. Ambiguous.C. Tolerant.D. Optimistic.DHave you ever been sad because of failure? Please remember, for quite often achieving what you set out to do is not the most important thing.A boy decided to dig a deep hole behind his house. As he was working, a couple of older boys stopped by to watch. “What are you doing?” asked one of the visitors. “I want to dig a hole all the way through the earth!” the boy answered excitedly. The older boys began to laugh, telling him that digging a hole all the way through the earth was impossible. After a while, the boy picked up a jar. He showed it to the visitors. It was full of all kinds ofstones and insects. Then he said calmly and confidently, “Maybe I can’t finish digging all the way through the earth, but look at what I’ve found during this period!”Theboy’s goal was far too difficult, but it did cause him to go on. And that is what a goal is for－to cause us to move in the direction we have chosen, in other words, to cause us to keep working!Not every goal will be fully achieved. Not every job will endup with a success. Not every dream will come true. But when you fall short of your aim, maybe you can say, “Yes, but look at what I’ve found along the way! There are so many wonderful things having come into my life because I tried to do something!” It is in the digging that life is lived. It is the unexpected joy on the journey that really makes sense.12. The older boys laughed at the boy because he was thought to be______.A. braveB. impoliteC. foolishD. warm-hearted13. Why did the boy show the jar to the older boys?A. To drive them away.B. To show what he had found in digging.C. To show how beautiful the jar was.D. To attract them to join him in the work.14. What can be learnt from the fourth paragraph of the text?A. No dream can come true.B. All work will end successfully.C. Goals shouldn’t be set too high.D. Goals will make us work harder.15. The best title for the text should be______.A. A Boy Dug a HoleB. Joy in the JourneyC. No Pain, No GainsD. Failure Is the Mother of Success第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析

2021年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBImagine that youare a superhero. Your superpowers are activated by a special suit. The suit communicates with your brain. It allows you to do amazing things with only a thought. By concentrating on strength, for example, you can kick a soccer ball across a field. By focusing on swift actions, you can jump to the top of a tree.Such a connection between mind and machine may sound like a fantasy. To scientists, though, it is a very real goal. They are creating machines that let disabled monkeys walk. These machines may soon help disabled humans do the same. Unlike other bionic devices, these robotic “super suits” do not communicate with muscles and nerves. Instead, they have a direct line to the brain.In 2005, doctors drilled a hole in the skull of Hutchinson, who had lost her right arm in an accident. Then they inserted a sensor onto her motor cortex (大脑皮层运动区). Wires connected the sensor to a receiver on her head. After she recovered, researchers pluggedHutchinson’s receiver into a cable that relayed signals from her brain to computers. Then they connected a robotic arm to the computers. The computerscould interpretHutchinson’s brain signals to move the arm.Soon,Hutchinson, the computer, and the robotic arm became a team.Hutchinsonwas even able to lift her hand and drink from a cup. “She smiled when she put down that drink—that’s everything.” says Donoghue, a brain scientist.Today other scientists are building on that success. One of those scientists is Dr. Miguel Nicolelis, who designed a whole-body bionic equipment. In 2014, a disabled former athlete kicked the first ball of the World Cup Games wearing one of Miguel’s full-body exoskeletons.The exoskeleton was connected to brain signal sensors in the man’s cap. By thinking about kicking, he sent signals to a computer on his back. The computer then translated the signal into an exoskeleton-aided kick. Such designs may become common as scientists keep merging mind and machine.4.Which can best describe the tone of paragraph 1?A. Narrative and serious.B. Persuasive and critical.C. Informative and objective.D. Descriptive and imaginative.5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Reason of the experiment.B. Results of the experiment.C. Process of the experiment.D. Significance of the experiment.6. Why is Dr. Miguel’s exoskeleton special?A. It can be used on animals.B. It can move the whole body.C. It was supported by computers.D. It was connected directly to the brain.7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Robotic suits may be widely used to help disabled people.B. Exoskeleton is more common thanHutchinson’s bionic arm.C.Scientific experiments are commonly carried out in football fields.D. Disabled athletes can now play football again with the help of computer.CThermoelectric generators turn waste heat into electricity without producing greenhouse gas emissions, like a free lunch. But the high cost of these devices has prevented their widespread use. Now, researchers have found a way to make cheap thermae-lectrices that work just as well. The work could pave the way for greener car engines, and other energy-generating devices.“This looks like a very smart way to realize high performance,” says Li-Dong Zhao, a materials scientist. He notes there are still a few more steps before these materials can become high-performing. However, he says, “This will be used in the not too far future.”Thermoelectrics are semiconductor devices placed on a hot surface. That gives them a hot side and a cool side. If a device allows the hot side to warm up the cool side, the electricity stops flowing. A device’s success at preventing this, as well as its ability to conduct electrons, feeds into a score known as the figure of merit, or ZT.Researchers have produced thermoelectric materials with increasing ZTs. The record came in 2014 whenMercouri Kanatzidis came up with a tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1. Yet the material was too fragile to work with. “For practical applications, it’s a non-star-ter,” Kanatzidis says.Getting through that door will still take some time. The tin selenide the team makes is mixed with Na, creating a “p-type” material that conducts positive charges. To make working devices, researchers also need an “n-type” version to conduct negative charges.Zhao’s team is now working on making an n-type version. Once successful, researchers should have a clear path to making a new generation of super-efficient thermoelectric genera-tors. Those could be installed everywhere from automobile exhaust pipes to water heaters and industrial smelters toscavengesome of the 65% of fossil fuel energy that winds up as waste heat.8. The first paragraph wants to tell us________.A. The wide use of thermoelectric generatorsB. The devices of current thermoelectric generatorsC. The reason why researchers make cheap thermoelectricsD. The greener car engines that contribute to environmental protection9. How does Li-Dong Zhao feel about cheap thermoelectric generators?A. Indifferent.B. Optimistic.C. Critical.D. Worried.10. What do you know about the research in 2014 from paragraph 4 and 5?A. It was far from a success for practical applications.B. A tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1 can be easy to work with.C. Researchers made an “n-type” version to make working devicesD. A “p-type” material made from the tin selenide conducts negative charges11. What does the underlined word “scavenge” in the last paragraph mean?A. Recycle.B. Produce.C. Clean.D. Increase.DAvi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility isthat ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.12. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?A. It is an icy comet.B. It looks like a long photo.C. It is actually some sort of rock.D. It may come from another alien civilization.13. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B. Relies on.C. Turns to.D. Searches for.14. What do you think of Loeb?A. He is foolish.B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D. He is uncertain about his career future.15. What's the best title for the text?A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C. Scientists Are Working on High TechnologyD. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space Travel第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三语文三模试卷及答案解析

2020年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三语文三模试卷及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成题。

基层避责是指基层政府各管理主体采取诸多策略规避由其职位带来的直接责任和潜在责任，以避免自身利益受到损失。

这一概念界定包括三个层面的含义：第一，虽然避责是一种客观存在的行政行为，但基于社会影响的直接性角度，本文只关注政府特别是基层政府的避责。

本文所指的基层政府包括市、县、区和乡、镇两级政府，并涵盖了基层治理过程中的多元主体，即在职能分工、权责配置中存在较大差异的“官僚群体、派生群体和雇佣群体”。

第二，避责行为主要规避的是直接责任和潜在责任。

在层级管理体制下，上级通过激励、约束机制对基层行政过程进行控制，虽然各机构和行政人员均有建立在职能分工基础上的书面权责说明，但由于既有规定过于宽泛模糊，并且基层行政主体需承办大量的临时性任务和上级交办的其他工作，故避责行为所规避的不仅是书面上的直接责任，还包括法定职责外的其他潜在责任。

第三，在成本——收益权衡的基础上，避责行为的目的在于减少利益损失。

由于行政过程中体现出的不同利益诉求、行为偏好和价值观念，解释避责现象自然无法忽视基层政府内部成员的混合动机及其构成逻辑。

作为基层在权责分立结构下应对风险的行为选择，避责极具复杂性和多样性。

基层工作人员通过对风险和收益的整合分析，在不同情况下条件式地选择不同避责行为，并且会根据策略的实际效果进行动态组合。

各种避责行为是并行不悖的，多种行为可同时存在，并进行区别性搭配和组合。

根据近年来对基层政府的田野调查和跟踪观察，在对第一手访谈资料和现实情况开展深入分析的基础上，结合决策树和类型学的分类方法，从两个维度出发对现阶段基层政府中普遍存在的避责行为进行分析（见图1）。

图l基层避责的具体策略分类一是时间序列维度。

基层行政人员在采取避责行为时呈现出序贯决策的形式，这种基于时间序列的动态选择可主要划分为事前主动选择和事后被动应对。

广东省广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期第二次月考语文试题(含答案解析)

广东省广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期第二次月考语文试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、选择题1．下列注音正确．．的一项是（）A．溺．水（nì）锃．亮（cèng）妯．娌（zhóu）正襟．危坐（jīn）B．粗糙．（cāo）炽．热（chì）周济．（jǐ）出言不逊．（sūn）C．私塾．（shú）匿．名（nì）教诲．（huì）深恶．痛疾（wù）D．胡髭．（zī）不辍．（chuò）黝．黑（yōu）藏污纳垢．（gòu）2．下列书写正确的一项是（）A．佃农侏儒愚钝查无消息B．出鞘蒙昧要挟意趣盎然C．胆怯猝死落弟热泪涟涟D．缰绳荧光劳禄抑扬顿锉3．下列加点词语中，运用不恰当的一项是（）A．年轻的城市更需要青春与活力，更需要想象力和摧枯拉朽．．．．的创造力，更需要不断超越的勇气。

B．尽管他的意见不被重视，一些会议不让他参加，他还是殚精竭虑．．．．，力图挽救危局。

C．下半场，秘鲁队如梦初醒．．．．，队员们拼抢积极，传球质量明显提高。

D．色彩晶莹的琉璃珠子散的到处都是，在日光下折射出炫目的霞光，令人眼花缭乱．．．．。

4．下列句子没有语病的一项是（）A．在全国各界人民的努力下，疫情得到了有效控制，可是谁敢担保病毒不会不卷土重来？B．经过全市人民多年的共同努力，我市终于荣获国家文明城市。

C．彰显新时代治国理念的“中国梦”一词，现已成为社会的流行语。

D．有没有错别字，句子是否通顺，是评价优秀文章的重要标准。

二、综合性学习5．阅读下面材料，完成后面小题材料一：经省政府批准，广清城际（花都站至清城站）、广州东环城际（花都站至白云机场北站）两条线路，自11月30日起开始运营。

据介绍，广清城际全程38.2公里，共设6个车站；广州东环城际全程22.6公里，共设4个车站。

2020年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语模拟试题及参考答案

2020年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项A4 Best Drive--In Movie Theaters in the USColorado: Holiday Twin Drive--InAddress: 2206 S Overland Trail, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USAPhone: +1 970-221-1244The theater, open since 1968 and currently the most popular drive-in in the US, provides various special foods. The menu there even amazes meat-free customers. But please remember the outside food is forbidden here. Besides, the Rocky Mountains provide a pastoral (田园式的) backdrop to screenings, and sunsets usually don’t disappoint either. It also offers lots of unique events that go beyond the big screen.North Carolina: Hound’s Drive--InAddress: 114 Raven Cir, Kings Mountain, NC 28086, USAPhone: +1 704-739-4424Having only opened in 2016, it’s one of the newest theaters on the block. The drive-in features newer equipment and digital projection. People can bring their animal friends along.Florida: Fort Lauderdale Swap ShopAddress: 3291 W Sunrise Blvd, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33311, USAPhone: +1 954-791-7927The Florida favorite offers plenty ofways to have fun. With 14 screens, the self-proclaimed (自称的) world’s largest drive-in equals any indoor cinema in terms of capacity and programming. It also includes an 88-acre flea (跳蚤) market and a free Ferrari museum. It’s best to book tickets on the Internet ahead of time if you don’t want to wait in line.California: Mission Tiki Drive -InAddress: 10798 Ramona Ave, Montclair, CA 91763, USAPhone: +1 909-628-0511Let’s have fun in the old-school outdoor cinema in Montclair, California. Remember tickets are available at the ticket office only. It alternates (交替) up to eight new releases on four screens and hosts almost daily swapmeets where people can exchange things they no longer need. It also organizes classic car and lowrider meet-ups.1.What can people do in Holiday Twin Drive-In?A.Participate in somespecial activities.B.Enjoy the film with the latest equipment.C.Learn about the benefits of being meat free.D.Share home-made cookies while watching the film.2.Which of the following theaters is friendly to visitors with pets?A.Hound’s Drive- In.B.Mission Tiki Drive-In.C.Holiday Twin Drive-In.D.Fort Lauderdale Swap Shop.3.What do Fort Lauderdale Swap Shop and Mission Tiki Drive-In have in common?A.Both feature old-fashioned styles.B.Both allow booking tickets online.C.Both provide free museum exhibitions.D.Both offer chances to trade second-hand goods.BThe air is thin and we have to rest several times on the shore hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we stay here.Tibetan antelopes live mainly on the plains of Tibet. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty. I'm also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted illegally for their valuable fur.My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a safe place for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We're not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we're trying to save ourselves.”In the 1980s and 1990s the population of Tibetan antelopes dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make money. Their living places were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.In order to save Tibetan antelopes, the Chinese government placed them under national protection. Zhaxi and volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope wasremovedfrom the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection program since the threat to the Tibetan antelope has not yet disappeared. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.4. What can we learn from Zhaxi's words in paragraph 3?A. Protecting the animals can make money.B. Protecting the animals is protecting ourselves.C. He is not fond of protecting the animals.D. The reserve is only safe for wild animals.5. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4?A. Why hunters hunt Tibetan antelopes.B. Why antelopes' living places changed.C. Why antelopes' number dropped greatly.D. Why the 1980s and the 1990s are unusual.6. What does the underlined word “removed” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Deleted.B. Changed.C. Migrated.D. Recognized.7. What might be the future condition of Tibetan antelopes according to the last paragraph?A. They will be over-populated.B. They will be a threat to man and other wildlife.C. They will be on the endangered species list again.D. They will be in harmony with nature and humans.CI once had my Chinese MBA students brainstorming on “two-hour business plans.” I separated them into six groups and gave them an example: a restaurant chain. The more original their ideas, the better, I said. Finally, five of the six groups presented plans for restaurant chains. The sixth proposed a catering service. Though I admitted the time limit had been difficult, I expressed my disappointment.My students were middle managers, financial analysts and financiers from state-owned enterprises and global companies. They were without talent or opinions, but they had been shaped by an educational system that rarely stressed or rewarded critical thinking or inventiveness. The scene I just described came in different forms during my two years teaching at the school. Papers were often copied from the Web and the Harvard Business Review. Case study debates were written up and just memorized. Students frequently said that copying is a superior business strategy, better than inventing and creating.InChina, every product you can imagine has been made and sold. But so few well-developed marketing and management minds have been raised that it will be a long time before most people in the world can name aChinese brand.With this problem in mind, partnerships with institutions like Yale and MIT have been established. And then there's the “thousand talent scheme.” this new government program is intended to improve technological modernization by attracting top foreign-trained scientists to the mainland with big money. But there are worries aboutChina's research environment. It's hardly known for producing independent thinking and openness, and even big salary offers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.At last, forChina, becoming a major world creator is not just about setting up partnership with top western universities. Nor is it about gathering a group of well-educated people and telling them to think creatively. It's about establishing a rich learning environment for young minds. It's not that simple.8. Why does the writer feel disappointed at his students?A. Because there is one group presenting a catering service.B. Because the six groups did not cooperate well in the brainstorm.C. Because all the students copied a case for the difficult topic.D. Because the students' ideas were lacking in creativeness.9. Which of the following scenes is NOT considered as lack of creation?A. Papers were often downloaded from the Internet.B. Students often said that copying is a preferable business strategy.C. Students combine knowledge and critical thoughts to solve a problem.D. Case study debates were written up as well as recited.10. We can infer form the passage that ________.A. China can make and sell any product all over the world from its own creation.B. high pay may not solve the problem ofChina's research environment.C. cooperation with institutions has been set up to make a Chinese brand.D. the new government program is aimed at encouraging imagination.11. Which is the best title for the passage?A Look for a new way of learning B. Reward creative thinkingC. How to become a creatorD. Establish a technical environmentDPopularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup thatcannotbe measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.12. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?A. It can be measured by anIQ test.B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind.C. It includes a set of emotional skills.D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.13. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?A. To explain a rule.B. To clarify a concept.C. To present a fact.D. To make a prediction.14. What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?A. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Unclear.15. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?A. Its appeal to the public.B. Expectations for future studies.C. Its practical application.D. Scientists with new perspectives.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语三模试卷及答案

2019-2020学年广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校高三英语三模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAre you looking for somewhere special to go this weekend? Do you want to try something new?Check out one of these hot new restaurants.Fast BestFast food doesn't have to be junk food, as this café proves. Do you fancy a really good hamburger made with the best ingredients, or old-fashioned fish and chips fried to perfection, all on the table in super-quick time? Speed and quality are important here, and the prices aren't bad either.Your Local Caff (小餐馆)Remember when cafés served full English breakfasts—sausages, beans, fried bread, bacon and eggs—with a strong cup of tea? Well, this place still does and you can have your breakfast at any time you like during the day while you listen to your favourite tunes from the 1980s.Last Days of the RajA centrally located Indian restaurant, perfect for eating before or after the cinema or a show. In summer enjoy your meal in the beautiful garden. The most popular dishes are lamb and chicken cooked with mild, medium or hot spices. For brave customers there is extra hot!The Chocolate BoxThe owner of this small café used to cook all kinds of food, but then she realised she preferred desserts to anything else. If you want meat or fish, don't come here. They only do desserts! Lots of different kinds of sweets. Chocolate lovers will be excited by the range of chocolate cakes.1.Fast Best suits a person ______.A.who has a sweet toothB.who loves spicy foodC.who wants to have good breakfastD.who gets 30 minutes off for lunch2.Which is true about Last Days of the Raj?A.You can listen to great music in it.B.It serves hot food with pepper.C.It serves an all-day breakfast.D.It is prefect for vegetarians.3.Which restaurant serves only desserts and sweets?A.Fast Best.B.Your Local Caff.st Days of the Raj.D.The Chocolate Box.BAt first glance, there is nothing unusual about BingoBox’s convenience store–shelves packed with snacks line the walls, attracting passers-by through the glass windows. But upon closer look, BingoBox is no ordinary store. The door unlocks only after customers scan (扫描) aQR code to enter, and there is no cashier — just a lone checkout counter (柜台) in a corner. The Shanghai-based company is one of many unmanned store operators (运营者) opening outlets all over China, hoping to improve slim profit by reducing staff costs.“Ifstaff costs rise quickly, that puts greater pressure on low-profit businesses like convenience stores and supermarkets,” said Andrew Song, an analyst at Guotai Junan Securities. “InChina, manpower costs have been rising ly quickly.”However, the future vision of shopping without a check-out person is still a work in progress. A Post reporter who visited a BingoBox store inShanghaiwas briefly locked in when trying to exit without buying anything. Although a sign near the exit stated that empty-handed customers can leave by scanning a QR code, no QR code was to be found. Repeated calls to the customer service hotline went unanswered.The idea of unmanned stores first caught the world’s attention in December last year. Equipped with technology such as RFID tags, mobile payment systems and facial and movement recognition, such stores collect large amounts of data that give operators a better idea of consumer preferences and buying habits, which can then be used to optimize (使最优化) operations and make more efficient inventory decisions. For companies like BingoBox, lower operating costs also mean it can afford to expand its reach to areas with less foot traffic or fewer people, according to its founder and chief executive ChenZilin.4. What makes BingoBox store look like an ordinary convenience store?A. No cashier to check out.B. A lone checkout counter.C. Shelves packed with goods.D. Entering by scanning a QR code.5. Why are unmanned stores popular with operators?A. The customers prefer mobile payment systems.B. The unmanned stores help improve profit with lower labor costs.C. The employees focus on consumer preferences and buying habits.D. The operators care more about operations and inventory decisions.6. Why is the reporter’s case mentioned in the passage?A. To show his anger and dissatisfaction.B. To warn people not to go to a BingoBox store.C. To explain unmanned stores still have a long way to go.D. To complain that QR code service is not convenient at all..7. What can we infer from the chief executive Chen Zilin?A. Nowadays all stores should be equipped with advanced technology.B. The operators collect data about consumer preferences and buying habits.C. BingoBox made wiser decisions based on the data collected in those unmanned stores.D. The operators can open unmanned supermarkets in more distant places with low cost.CStarting at university or college can be a big challenge, especially if you’re living away from home for the first time. You arefaced with big questions such as, “Who’s going to do my washing?” “Who’s going to tidy my room?” And, most importantly, “How am I going to eat?” Yes, living on your own means cooking for yourself, and when you’re living a student lifestyle, this could be a recipe for disaster.Students, in the UK at least, often rely on generally available food such as baked beans or cheese on toast. And for the more adventurous, there’s “spag bol” — spaghetti bolognaise(肉酱意粉), that is, cooked spaghetti served with a ground beef and tomato sauce — a budget-friendly solution. If you make a huge pan of it, it can probably last you a whole week! Other low-cost options include jar sauces and oven pizzas.Recently, a British supermarket suggested that rose harissa paste, organic cider vinegar and Swiss bouillon powder were the important food materials needed for the “student cupboard”. But are these items considered essential and affordable for someone on a budget?As a matter of fact, living on a budget is certainly one barrier to eating a well-balanced diet. What’s more, some young people don’t know much about cooking, and for many young students, there are more fun things to go and do than just stay inside and cook. That’s where takeaways and microwave meals come in.What should a health-conscious student really have in his or her food cupboard? Jack Monroe, a food writer and campaigner, has words to say: baked beans, lemon juice, canned tomatoes and tomato ketchup, described as “salt, sugar, vinegar and tomato all in one handy squeezy bottle”. And should that not appeal, you can always waittill your next visit to your mum and dad for a square meal!8. What does the author indicate by “this could be a recipe for disaster”?A. Cooking is difficult for a student.B. Students must cook if they live alone.C. It is important to live independently.D. Learning to cook will cause disasters.9. What is the feature of “spag bol”?A. It is delicious.B. It is healthy.C. It saves money.D. It needs little skill.10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A. How well-balanced diets can be realized.B. How students can eat healthily with limited money.C. Why living on a budget is common among students.D Why students choose takeaways and microwave meals.11. Why does the author write the last paragraph?A. To advocate visiting parents.B. To offer some tips.C. To promote health consciousness.D. To introduce a writer.DHave you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU? Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital’s ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this? As one of out closest s, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy’s research was very naturalistic. “We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees’ outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five metersapart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.“It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn’t benefit themselves from their behavior.” said DeTroy.Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it’s safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.12. Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors?A. Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits.B. Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study.C. Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview.D. Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the math’s class.13. What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study?A. Sharing food.B. Making a choice.C. Comforting others.D. Showing sympathy.14. How is DeTroy’s study different from the previous ones?A. It was based on controlled lab experiment.B. It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.C. It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding.D. It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners.15. What can we learn from DeTroy’s quotes?A. Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others.B. Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors.C. Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab.D. Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

广东省广州市番禺区香江育才实验学校2022-2023学年九年级上学期综合练习(三)数学问卷

2022学年第一学期综合练习（三）九年级数学出题人：陈嘉勉审题人：罗薇一．选择题（本大题每题3分，共30分）1．下列所给图形中，既是中心对称图形又是轴对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．2．下列事件中，是必然事件的是（）A．晓丽乘12路公交车去上学，到达公共汽车站时，12路公交车正在驶来B．买一张电彩票，座位号是偶数号C．在同一年出生的13名学生中，至少有2人出生在同一个月D．在标准大气压下，温度低于0℃时才融化3．已知⊙O的半径为5，且圆心O到直线l的距离是方程x2﹣4x﹣12＝0的一个根，则直线l与圆的位置关系是（）A．相交B．相切C．相离D．无法确定4．对于抛物线y＝﹣x2+x﹣4，下列说法正确的是（）A．y随x的增大而减少B．当x＝2时，y有最大值﹣3C．顶点坐标为（﹣2，﹣7）D．抛物线与x轴有两个交点5．某班级开展一种游戏互动，规则是：在20个商标中，有5个商标牌的背面注明了一定的奖金额，其余商标的背面是一张苦脸，若翻到它就不得奖，每人有三次翻牌机会．小明同学前两次翻牌均得若干奖金，如果翻过的牌不能再翻，那么他第三次翻牌获奖的概率是（）A．B．C．D．6．如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，∠A＝α，将△ABC绕点C按顺时针方向旋转后得到△DEC，此时点E在AB边上，则旋转角的大小为（）A．αB．2αC．90°﹣αD．90°﹣2α7．如图，在⊙O中，半径OC与弦AB垂直于点D，且AB＝8，OC＝5，则CD的长是（）A．3B．2.5C．2D．18．已知点A（1，y1），B（2，y2），C（﹣2，y3）在抛物线y＝﹣（x+1）2+n上，则下列结论正确的是（）A．y3＞y1＞y2B．y3＞y2＞y1C．y1＞y2＞y3D．y2＞y1＞y39. 在同一平面直角坐标系中，函数y＝ax2+bx+2b与y＝﹣ax+b的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．10．如图，长为定值的弦CD在以AB为直径的⊙O上滑动（点C、D与点A、B不重合），点E是CD的中点，过点C作CF⊥AB于F，若CD＝3，AB＝8，则EF的最大值是（）A．B．4C．D．6二．填空题（本大题每题3分，共30分）11．把抛物线y＝﹣x2向右平移1个单位，然后向上平移3个单位，则平移后抛物线的解析式为．12．在平面直角坐标系中，点P（2，﹣3）关于原点对称点P′的坐标是．13．如图，△ABC内接于⊙O，若⊙O的半径为6，∠A＝60°，则的长为．14．如图，已知圆锥的高为2，高所在直线与母线的夹角为30°，则圆锥的全面积为．15．已知关于x的一元二次方程x2﹣2x﹣k＝0有两个相等的实数根，则k值为．第13题第14题16．如图，AB是⊙O的直径，BC是⊙O的切线，AC与⊙O交于点D，若BC＝3，AD＝，则AB的长为．三．解答题（本大题共9小题，共72分）17．（4分）解方程：（1）x2﹣4x﹣12＝0；（2）4x2﹣4x﹣3＝0．18．（4分）如图，在△ABC中，DE∥BC，AD＝6，DB＝3，DE＝4，求BC的长．19．（6分）疫情防控，人人有责，众志成城，共克时艰．根据防疫要求，同在一个社区的小明和小刚要进行核酸检测，他们两人所在社区有A，B，C三个核酸检测点，请用列举法求他们两人恰好前往同一个检测点的概率．20．（6分）已知一抛物线顶点坐标为（1，4），且经过点（2，8），写出该抛物线的对称轴，并求该抛物线的解析式．21. （8分）2022年北京冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”意喻敦厚、健康、活泼、可爱，象征着冬奥会运动员强壮的身体、坚韧的意志和鼓舞人心的奥林匹克精神．随着北京冬奥会开幕日的临近，某特许零售店“冰墩墩”的销售日益火爆．据统计，该店2021年10月的销量为3万件，2021年12月的销量为3.63万件．求该店“冰墩墩”销量的月平均增长率.22．（10分）如图，等腰△OBD中，OD＝BD，△OBD绕点O逆时针旋转60度后得到△OAC（点B对应点A）.（1）尺规作图：请作出△OAC，并连接CD（保留作图痕迹，不写作法）；（2）在（1）所作的图中，若B、D、C在同一直线上，且点D是BC的中点．证明：四边形ODAC是菱形．23．（10分）如图，⊙O是四边形ABCD的外接圆，AC是⊙O的直径，BE⊥DC，交DC的延长线于点E，CB平分∠ACE．（1）求证：BE是⊙O的切线．（2）若＝2，CE＝1，求点B到AD的距离．24．（12分）已知抛物线y=x2+(3−2m)x+6(m−1).（1）无论m取何值，抛物线恒过点；（2）该抛物线的顶点随m的变化而变化，请求出抛物线顶点纵坐标的最大值；（3）已知点A（-1,4）、B（4,14），抛物线与线段AB只有一个交点，求该抛物线顶点横坐标的取值范围.25.（12分）如图，在AB为直径的⊙O中，已知弦CD⊥AB于点M，且MB=1，√3BC=2MC，点P是优弧CAD上的一个动点，连结CP，过点O作OF⊥CP于点F，交BP于点G，连结AG．（1）求BC的长；（2）当点P在运动过程中，求AG的最小值；（3）在（2）的条件下，求△GOB的面积.。