初一下第八单元
人教版初一英语下册第八单元作文
人教版初一英语下册第八单元作文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Unit 8 Celebrating FestivalFestivals are an important part of every culture around the world. They bring people together to celebrate and create happy memories. In this unit, we have learned about different festivals in various countries. Today, I am going to share some interesting information about Chinese festivals and how they are celebrated.One of the most important festivals in China is the Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year. It is a time for families to come together, share a traditional meal, exchange gifts, and watch fireworks. The streets are decorated with red lanterns and people wear red clothing as a symbol of good luck. During the Spring Festival, children receive red envelopes with money inside as a token of good fortune for the upcoming year.Another popular festival in China is the Mid-Autumn Festival, also known as the Mooncake Festival. It is a time to celebrate the harvest and give thanks for the blessings of the year. Families gather to eat mooncakes, a traditional pastry filled with lotusseed paste or red bean paste. In the evening, people admire the full moon and light lanterns to bring good luck.The Dragon Boat Festival is another important festival in China. It commemorates the death of the poet Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in the river as a protest against the corrupt government. People celebrate by racing dragon boats, eating sticky rice dumplings, and hanging up aromatic pouches to ward off evil spirits.In addition to these traditional festivals, there are also modern celebrations in China such as Christmas and Halloween. Although they are not traditional Chinese holidays, they have become popular among young people and are celebrated with enthusiasm.In conclusion, festivals play an essential role in Chinese culture by bringing people together, fostering traditions, and creating lasting memories. I am proud to be able to celebrate these festivals with my family and friends, and I hope to continue these traditions for many years to come.Thank you for reading my essay on Chinese festivals. I hope you enjoyed learning about these cultural celebrations!篇2Unit 8 Growing upAs we all know, growing up is a process that everyone goes through. It is a period of time where we learn, experience, and develop both physically and mentally. In the 8th unit of the New Curriculum for Middle School English, we explore the theme of growing up and the different aspects that come with it.One of the main topics discussed in this unit is the changes that occur during puberty. Puberty is a stage of development in which a person's body goes through physical and emotional changes, preparing them for adulthood. This can be a confusing and sometimes challenging time for many young people, as they navigate the ups and downs of adolescence.Another key focus of this unit is the importance of setting goals and working towards them. As we grow up, it is essential to have aspirations and dreams that drive us forward and give us a sense of purpose. Whether it's achieving academic success, pursuing a passion, or making a difference in the world, having goals can help us stay motivated and focused on our journey towards adulthood.In addition to these topics, the unit also touches on the importance of relationships and communication. As we grow up, we form bonds with family, friends, and peers that shape who weare and how we interact with the world around us. Learning how to communicate effectively and build strong relationships is crucial for our personal and professional development.Overall, the 8th unit of the New Curriculum for Middle School English provides students with valuable insights and lessons on the process of growing up. By exploring topics such as puberty, goal-setting, and relationships, students can gain a deeper understanding of themselves and the world around them as they embark on their journey towards adulthood.篇3Unit 8 My familyHello everyone! Today, I am going to talk about my family. There are four members in my family: my parents, my younger sister, and me.Let me introduce my parents first. My father works in a company as a manager. He is very busy with his work, but he always tries to spend time with us on weekends. He is a caring and responsible dad who always supports us in everything we do. My mother is a teacher. She teaches English at a local school. She is very kind and patient with her students. She is also a greatcook and always prepares delicious meals for us. I am very lucky to have such wonderful parents.Next, let me introduce my younger sister. She is three years younger than me. She is a cute and energetic girl who loves to play with her toys. She is always full of joy and laughter, and she brightens up our home with her presence. Even though we sometimes argue and fight, I know that she is always there for me when I need her.As for me, I am a student in middle school. I enjoy studying English and Science, and I am passionate about playing basketball. In my free time, I like to read books and watch movies.I also enjoy spending time with my family, whether it is going fora walk in the park or having a picnic on weekends.In conclusion, I love my family very much. They are the most important people in my life, and I am grateful for their love and support. I hope that we can continue to create happy memories together and cherish each other for years to come. Thank you for listening to my story about my family.That's all for now. Thank you!。
七年级数学(下)《第八章 二元一次方程组》单元检测卷含答案
七年级数学(下)《第八章二元一次方程组》单元检测卷(测试时间:90分钟满分:120分)一、选择题(共10小题,每题3分,共30分)1.如果a3x b y与-a2y b x+1是同类项,则( )A. B. C. D.2.若方程6kx﹣2y=8有一组解,则k的值等于()A. ﹣B.C.D. ﹣3.下列哪组数是二元一次方程组的解( )A. B. C. D.4.方程组的解满足方程x+y+a=0,那么a的值是( )A. 0B. -2C. 1D. -15.如图所示的两台天平保持平衡,已知每块巧克力的质量相等,且每个果冻的质量也相等,则每块巧克力和每个果冻的质量分别为( )A. 10g,40gB. 15g,35gC. 20g,30gD. 30g,20g6.甲、乙两人练习跑步,若乙先跑10米,则甲跑5秒就可以追上乙;如果乙先跑2秒,甲跑4秒就可以追上乙.设甲的速度为x米/秒,乙的速度为y米/秒,根据题意,下列选项中所列方程组正确的是( )A.5510{424x yx y y-==+B.5510{424x yx y-=-=C.5510{424x yx x y-=-=D.5105{424x yx y+=-=7.方程组的解是()A. B. C. D.8.有一个两位数,减去它各位数字之和的3倍,值为23,除以它各位数字之和商是5,余数是1,则这样的两位数()A. 不存在B. 是唯一的C. 有两个D. 有无数解9.二元一次方程中非负整数解的个数是()A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个10.已知关于,的方程组,给出下列结论:①是方程组的一个解;②当时,x,y的值互为相反数;③当a=1时,方程组的解也是方程x-2y=3的解;④,间的数量关系是x+y=4-a,其中正确的是()A. ②③B. ①②③C. ①③D. ①③④二、填空题(共10小题,每题3分,共30分)11.请你写出一个二元一次方程组,使它的解为,这个方程组是_________.【答案】等12.已知方程组,则__________.13.若方程组,则的值是_____.14.用加减消元法解方程组由①×2-②得 _____.15.某班去看演出,甲种票每张24元,乙种票每张18元,如果35名学生购票恰好用去750元,那么甲种票买了____张,乙种票买了____张.16.已知{x my n==和{x ny m==是方程2x-3y=1的解,则代数式2635mn--的值为______.17.已知方程320{6320x y zx y z+-=++=,则x:y:z=________18.《九章算术》是中国古代的数学专著,下面这道题是《九章算术》中第七章的一道题:“今有共买物,人出八,盈三;人出七,不足四,问人数、物价各几何?”译文:“几个人一起去购买某物品,如果每人出8钱,则多了3钱;如果每人出7钱,则少了4钱.问有多少人,物品的价格是多少?”设有x人,物品价格为y钱,可列方程组为__________________.19.若关于的二元一次方程组的解满足,则____.20.若()25210a b a b +++-+=,则()2017b a -=_______________.三、解答题(共60分)21.(8分)解方程组: (1)(2)⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-+=+-=+321236z -y x z y x z y x22.(5分)若x 2y 1=⎧⎨=⎩ 是二元一次方程组3ax by 52ax by 2⎧+=⎪⎨⎪-=⎩ 的解,求a 2b +的值.23.(5分)已知二元一次方程:①x +y =4;②2x -y =2;③x -2y =1.请从这三个方程中选择你喜欢的两个方程,组成一个方程组,并求出这个方程组的解.24.(8分)“种粮补贴”惠农政策的出台,大大激发了农民的种粮积极性,某粮食生产专业户去年计划生产小麦和玉米共18吨,实际生产了20吨,其中小麦超产12%,玉米超产10%.该专业户去年实际生产小麦、玉米各多少吨?(1)根据题意,甲和乙两同学分别列出了如下不完整的方程组:甲:⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+++=+.___101121,__%%yx y x 乙:⎩⎨⎧=+=+.____1012___,%y %x y x 根据甲、乙两位同学所列的方程组,请你分别指出未知数x ,y 表示的意义,然后在上面的横线上分别补全甲、乙两位同学所列的方程组:甲:x 表示 ,y 表示 ; 乙:x 表示 ,y 表示(2)求该专业户去年实际生产小麦、玉米各多少吨?(写出完整的解答过程,就甲或乙的思路写出一种即可)25.(8分)某铁路桥长1000m ,现有一列火车从桥上通过,测得该火车从开始上桥到完全过桥共用了1min ,整列火车完全在桥上的时间共40s .求火车的速度和长度. (1)写出题目中的两个等量关系; (2)给出上述问题的完整解答过程.26.(8分)某景点的门票价格规定如下表购票人数1—50人51—100人100人以上每人门票价12元10元8元某校八年(一)、(二)两班共100多人去游览该景点,其中(一)班不足50人,(二)班多于50人,如果两班都以班为单位分别购票,则一共付款1126元.如果以团体购票,则需要付费824元,问:(1)两班各有多少名学生?(2)如果你是学校负责人,你将如何购票?你的购票方法可节省多少钱?27.(8分)小文在甲、乙两家超市发现他看中的篮球的单价相同,书包单价也相同,一个篮球和三个书包的总费用是400元.两个篮球和一个书包的总费用也是400元.(1)求小文看中的篮球和书包单价各是多少元?(2)某一天小文上街,恰好赶上商家促销,超市甲所有商品打九折销售,超市乙全场购物满100元返30元购物券(不足100元不返券,购物券全场通用),如果他只能在同一家超市购买他看中的篮球和书包各一个,应选择哪一家超市购买更省钱?28.(10分)已知:用2辆A型车和1辆B型车载满货物一次可运货10吨;用1辆A型车和2辆B型车载满货物一次可运货11吨.某物流公司现有31吨货物,计划同时租用A型车a辆,B型车b辆,一次运完,且恰好每辆车都载满货物.根据以上信息,解答下列问题:(1)1辆A型车和1辆车B型车都载满货物一次可分别运货多少吨?(2)请你帮该物流公司设计租车方案;(3)若A型车每辆需租金100元/次,B型车每辆需租金120元/次.请选出最省钱的租车方案,并求出最少租车费.参考答案(测试时间:90分钟满分:120分)一、选择题(共10小题,每题3分,共30分)1.如果a3x b y与-a2y b x+1是同类项,则( )A. B. C. D.【答案】D2.若方程6kx﹣2y=8有一组解,则k的值等于()A. ﹣B.C.D. ﹣【答案】D【解析】把代入6kx﹣2y=8得:-18k-4=8,∴k= .故选D.3.下列哪组数是二元一次方程组的解( )A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】,把②代入①得:x+4x=10,即x=2,把x=2代入②得:y=4,则方程组的解为.故选C.4.方程组的解满足方程x+y+a=0,那么a的值是( )A. 0B. -2C. 1D. -1【解析】,解得,所以a=-x-y=-2+3=1,故选C. 学科#网5.如图所示的两台天平保持平衡,已知每块巧克力的质量相等,且每个果冻的质量也相等,则每块巧克力和每个果冻的质量分别为( )A. 10g,40gB. 15g,35gC. 20g,30gD. 30g,20g【答案】C6.甲、乙两人练习跑步,若乙先跑10米,则甲跑5秒就可以追上乙;如果乙先跑2秒,甲跑4秒就可以追上乙.设甲的速度为x米/秒,乙的速度为y米/秒,根据题意,下列选项中所列方程组正确的是( )A.5510{424x yx y y-==+B.5510{424x yx y-=-=C.5510{424x yx x y-=-=D.5105{424x yx y+=-=【答案】A【解析】根据乙先跑10米,则甲跑5秒就可以追上乙,得方程5x-5y=10;如果乙先跑2秒,甲跑4秒就可以追上乙,得方程4x=4y+2y.联立方程组,故选A.7.方程组的解是()A. B. C. D.8.有一个两位数,减去它各位数字之和的3倍,值为23,除以它各位数字之和商是5,余数是1,则这样的两位数()A. 不存在B. 是唯一的C. 有两个D. 有无数解【答案】B【解析】设这个两位数的十位数字为x,个位上的数字为y,根据题意得:解得:,所以这个两位数为56.故选:B.9.二元一次方程中非负整数解的个数是()A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个【答案】C【解析】∵在方程中,当时,;当时,;当时,;当时,;∴方程的非整数解有3个.故选C.10.已知关于,的方程组,给出下列结论:①是方程组的一个解;②当时,x,y的值互为相反数;③当a=1时,方程组的解也是方程x-2y=3的解;④,间的数量关系是x+y=4-a,其中正确的是()A. ②③B. ①②③C. ①③D. ①③④【答案】C二、填空题(共10小题,每题3分,共30分)11.请你写出一个二元一次方程组,使它的解为,这个方程组是_________.【答案】等【解析】∵,,∴这个方程组可以是:(答案不唯一).12.已知方程组,则__________.【答案】5【解析】,解得,所以故填5.13.若方程组,则的值是_____.【答案】24【解析】将方程组中得两个方程看作整体代入得:3(x+y)-(3x-5y)=3×7-(-3)=24.故答案为:24.学%科网14.用加减消元法解方程组由①×2-②得 _____.【答案】2x=-3.【解析】①×2﹣②得:6x+2y﹣(4x+2y)=﹣2﹣1,合并同类项得:2x=﹣3.故答案为:2x=﹣3.15.某班去看演出,甲种票每张24元,乙种票每张18元,如果35名学生购票恰好用去750元,那么甲种票买了____张,乙种票买了____张.【答案】 20 1516.已知{x m y n ==和{ x n y m ==是方程2x -3y =1的解,则代数式2635m n --的值为______. 【答案】1【解析】将{x m y n ==和{ x n y m ==代入方程2x ﹣3y =1,得: 231{ 231m n n m -=-= ,解得: 1{ 1m n =-=-,则26263535m n ---=---=1.故答案为:1. 17.已知方程320{6320x y z x y z +-=++= ,则x :y :z=________【答案】﹣7:12:3 【解析】320{6320x y z x y z +-=++=①②,①×2+②得:12x+7y=0,12x =-7y ,所以x :y=-7:12, ①×2-②得:y-4z=0,y=4z,所以y:z=4:1=12:3, 所以x:y:z=-7:12:3, 故答案为:-7:12:3.18.《九章算术》是中国古代的数学专著,下面这道题是《九章算术》中第七章的一道题:“今有共买物,人出八,盈三;人出七,不足四,问人数、物价各几何?”译文:“几个人一起去购买某物品,如果每人出8钱,则多了3钱;如果每人出7钱,则少了4钱.问有多少人,物品的价格是多少?”设有x 人,物品价格为y 钱,可列方程组为__________________.【答案】83{74x yx y-=+=19.若关于的二元一次方程组的解满足,则____.【答案】3 【解析】,①−②×2得,y=−k −1;将y=−k −1代入②得,x=2k , ∵x+y=2, ∴2k −k −1=2, 解得k=3.故答案为:3.20.若()25210a b a b +++-+=,则()2017b a -=_______________.【答案】-1 【解析】52{{213a b a a b b +=-=-⇒-=-=-则()2017b a -=-1三、解答题(共60分)21.(8分)解方程组: (1)(2)⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-+=+-=+321236z -y x z y x z y x【答案】(1)⎩⎨⎧=-=124y x ;(2)⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧-=-==3173310z y x【解析】考点:1、一元二次方程组;2、三元一次方程组.22.(5分)若x2y1=⎧⎨=⎩是二元一次方程组3ax by52ax by2⎧+=⎪⎨⎪-=⎩的解,求a2b+的值.【答案】3 【解析】试题分析:根据方程组解的定义,将x2y1=⎧⎨=⎩代入3ax by52ax by2⎧+=⎪⎨⎪-=⎩得到关于a,b的二元一次方程组,二式相减即可求得a2b+的值.试题解析:把x2y1=⎧⎨=⎩代入方程组3ax by52ax by2⎧+=⎪⎨⎪-=⎩得:3a b5(1)2a b2(2)+=⎧⎨-=⎩,(1)-(2),得a+2b=3.考点:1.方程组的解;2.求代数式的值;3.整体思想的应用.23.(5分)已知二元一次方程:①x+y=4;②2x-y=2;③x-2y=1.请从这三个方程中选择你喜欢的两个方程,组成一个方程组,并求出这个方程组的解.【答案】22xy=⎧⎨=⎩(答案不唯一)【解析】考点:解二元一次方程组.24.(8分)“种粮补贴”惠农政策的出台,大大激发了农民的种粮积极性,某粮食生产专业户去年计划生产小麦和玉米共18吨,实际生产了20吨,其中小麦超产12%,玉米超产10%.该专业户去年实际生产小麦、玉米各多少吨?(1)根据题意,甲和乙两同学分别列出了如下不完整的方程组:甲:⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+++=+.___101121,__%%yx y x 乙:⎩⎨⎧=+=+.____1012___,%y %x y x 根据甲、乙两位同学所列的方程组,请你分别指出未知数x ,y 表示的意义,然后在上面的横线上分别补全甲、乙两位同学所列的方程组:甲:x 表示 ,y 表示 ; 乙:x 表示 ,y 表示(2)求该专业户去年实际生产小麦、玉米各多少吨?(写出完整的解答过程,就甲或乙的思路写出一种即可)【答案】(1)20,18;18,20-18;甲:x 表示该专业户去年实际生产小麦吨数,y 表示该专业户去年实际生产玉米吨数;乙:x表示原计划生产小麦吨数,y表示原计划生产玉米吨数;(2)小麦11.2吨,玉米8.8吨. 【解析】试题分析:小麦超产12%,玉米超产10%都是相对于计划来说的,所以不能设直接未知数,而应设原计划生考点:二元一次方程组的应用.25.(8分)某铁路桥长1000m,现有一列火车从桥上通过,测得该火车从开始上桥到完全过桥共用了1min,整列火车完全在桥上的时间共40s.求火车的速度和长度.(1)写出题目中的两个等量关系;(2)给出上述问题的完整解答过程.【答案】(1)火车1min行驶的路程等于桥长与火车长的和,火车40s行驶的路程等于桥长与火车长的差;(2)200米、20米/秒.【解析】试题分析:通过理解题意可知本题存在两个等量关系,即整列火车过桥通过的路程=桥长+车长,整列火车在桥上通过的路程=桥长-车长,根据这两个等量关系可列出方程组.试题解析:(1)火车1min行驶的路程等于桥长与火车长的和,火车40s行驶的路程等于桥长与火车长的差;(2)设火车的速度为xm/s,火车的长度为ym,根据题意得601000,401000.x yx y=+⎧⎨=-⎩解得20,200.xy=⎧⎨=⎩,火车的长度为200米,速度为20米/秒.考点:二元一次方程组的应用.26.(8分)某景点的门票价格规定如下表购票人数1—50人51—100人100人以上每人门票价12元10元8元某校八年(一)、(二)两班共100多人去游览该景点,其中(一)班不足50人,(二)班多于50人,如果两班都以班为单位分别购票,则一共付款1126元.如果以团体购票,则需要付费824元,问:(1)两班各有多少名学生?(2)如果你是学校负责人,你将如何购票?你的购票方法可节省多少钱?【答案】(1)一班48名,二班55名;(2)节省302元.学……科%网【解析】考点:二元一次方程组的应用.27.(8分)小文在甲、乙两家超市发现他看中的篮球的单价相同,书包单价也相同,一个篮球和三个书包的总费用是400元.两个篮球和一个书包的总费用也是400元.(1)求小文看中的篮球和书包单价各是多少元?(2)某一天小文上街,恰好赶上商家促销,超市甲所有商品打九折销售,超市乙全场购物满100元返30元购物券(不足100元不返券,购物券全场通用),如果他只能在同一家超市购买他看中的篮球和书包各一个,应选择哪一家超市购买更省钱?【答案】(1)篮球单价为160元,书包单价为80元;(2)乙【解析】试题分析:(1)设篮球的单价为x元,书包的单价为y元,根据“一个篮球和三个书包的总费用是400元,两个篮球和一个书包的总费用也是400元”即可列方程组求解;考点:二元一次方程组的应用28.(10分)已知:用2辆A型车和1辆B型车载满货物一次可运货10吨;用1辆A型车和2辆B型车载满货物一次可运货11吨.某物流公司现有31吨货物,计划同时租用A型车a辆,B型车b辆,一次运完,且恰好每辆车都载满货物.根据以上信息,解答下列问题:(1)1辆A型车和1辆车B型车都载满货物一次可分别运货多少吨?(2)请你帮该物流公司设计租车方案;(3)若A型车每辆需租金100元/次,B型车每辆需租金120元/次.请选出最省钱的租车方案,并求出最少租车费.【答案】(1)3,4;(2)有3种租车方案:方案一:A型车9辆,B型车1辆;方案二:A型车5辆,B型车4辆;方案三:A型车1辆,B型车7辆;(3)方案三,940.【解析】试题分析:(1)根据“用2辆A型车和1辆B型车载满货物一次可运货10吨;”,“用1辆A型车和2辆B 型车载满货物一次可运货11吨”,分别得出方程,组成方程组求出即可;(2)由题意得出:3a+4b=31,解此二元一次方程,求出其整数解,得到三种租车方案;(3)根据(2)中所求方案,利用A型车每辆需租金100元/次,B型车每辆需租金120元/次,分别求出租车费用即可.试题解析:(1)设每辆A型车、B型车都装满货物一次可以分别运货x吨、y吨,依题意列方程组得:210211x yx y+=⎧⎨+=⎩,解方程组,得:34xy=⎧⎨=⎩,故1辆A型车装满货物一次可运3吨,1辆B型车装满货物一次可运4吨;考点:1.二元一次方程组的应用;2.二元一次方程的应用.。
最全面人教版七年级下册英语第八单元知识点归纳总结
人教版七年级下册英语Unit 8 知识点总结Unit 8 Is there a post office near here? 一、词汇与短语◆重点单词A部分1.post 邮政n.2.pay 付费v.&n.3.office 办公室n.4.near 在…附近prep. 5.police 警察n.6.across 过;穿过adv. & prep. 7.hotel 旅馆;酒店n.8.front 前面n.9.restaurant 餐馆n.10.behind 在…后面prep. 11.bank 银行n.12.town 镇;市镇n.13.hospital 医院n.14.around 在…周围prep.在周围;大约adv.15.street 大街n.16.north 北;北方n. 北方的adj. B部分1.along 沿着prep.2.left 向左边adv. 左边n. 3.turn 转向;翻v.4.crossing 十字路口n.5.right 向右边adv. 右边n.6.air 空气n.7.sunshine 阳光n.8.free 免费的adj.9.spend 花(时间、钱等)v.10.enjoy 享受;喜爱v. 11.monkey 猴子n.12.easily 容易地adv.13.climb 爬v.14.money 钱n.15.road 路n.16.often 时常;常常adv. 17.neighborhood = neighbourhood 街区;街坊n.◆重点短语A部分1.post office 邮局2.police station 警察局3.pay phone 付费电话4.between... and... 在...和...之间5.across from 在...对面6.in front of 在...前面7.next to 紧挨着;紧邻8.be far from 离...远9.on Green Street 在格林大街10.behind the library 在图书馆后面11.around here 在这周围12.walk with sb. 和某人一起走路B部分1.turn right 向右转2.turn left 向左转3.go along (the street)沿着(这条街)走4.on the right在右边5.spend time花时间6.enjoy reading喜欢阅读7.go along/down沿着……走8.in the picture 在图画里9.at the first crossing 在第一个十字路口10.on one's left 在某人左边11.like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事12.on weekends 在周末13.watch ... doing sth. 观看...在做某事14.look like 看起来像15.get there到达那儿16.walk out 步行外出17.a clothes shop 时装店18.enjoy reading 喜欢阅读19.in life在生活中20.be good at……擅长……21.have to不得不22.cross Center Street 过中心街23.on Sundays 在周日24.get to 到达25.play Chinese chess 下中国象棋26.go shopping 去购物27.on school days在上学的日子◆重点句子A部分1.—Is there a hospital near here? 这儿附近有医院吗?—Yes,there is. It's on Bridge Street. 是的,这儿有。
初一下册地理第八单元知识点:第三节
初一下册地理第八单元知识点:第三节
1. 概况。
(1)范围:包括撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲部分,东临印度洋,西临大西洋。
(2)气候:主要有热带雨林气候、热带草原气候、热带沙漠气候;有“热带大陆”之称。
气候分布特点:以赤道为中心,南北对称分布。
(3)地形:以高原为主,有“高原大陆”之称。
(4)人口与人种:本区有6个亿多人,其中90%以上是黑种人,故撒哈拉以南的非洲又有“黑非洲”之称。
2. 单一商品为主的经济。
(1)形成的原因:长期受到殖民主义者的统治和控制(最根本原因)
(2)弊端:制约了本区经济的发展。
(3)出路:发展多样化农业、民族工业和旅游业等。
3. 人口、粮食、环境。
(1)导致生态环境恶化的主要原因:人口增长过快,长期以来粮食产量的增长速度远地于人口增长的速度,缺粮成为本区各国普通遇到的问题。
(2)解决措施:控制人口数量,加强国际合作,提高
农牧业生产水平,保护自然环境。
精品小编为大家提供的初一下册地理第八单元知识点大家仔细阅读了吗?最后祝同学们学习进步。
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人教版初中七年级英语下册第八单元Unit 8 教案含教学反思
第8单元Is there a post office near here?类别课程标准要求掌握的内容话题The neighborhood 社区环境Section A 单词post n.邮政office n.办公室police n.警察hotel n.旅馆;酒店restaurant n.餐馆bank n.银行hospital n.医院street n.大街pay v.& n.付费front n.前面behind prep.在……的后面town n.镇;市镇near prep.在……附近across adv.&prep.过;穿过north n.北;北方adj.北方的around adv.在周围;大约prep.在……周围短语post office 邮局police station 警察局pay phone 付费电话across from 在……对面in front of 在……前面next to 挨着;靠近between … and…在……和……之间句型1.—Are there any restaurants near here? 这附近有餐馆吗?—Yes, there’s one in front of the post office. 是的,邮局的前面有一个。
2.—Where’s the park? 公园在哪里?句型1.Go along New Street. Turn right at the first crossing.沿着新街走。
在第一个十字路口向右拐。
2.I love to watch the monkey climbing around. 我喜欢看猴子们爬来爬去。
3. To get to the park, you just have to cross Center Street.要去公园的话,你只要穿过中心街就到了。
4.When I read books,time goes quickly!当我读书时,时间过得飞快!语法1.There be 结构2.问路及指路的表达方式写作介绍目标的位置及行走的路线知识目标掌握there be句型和问路与指路的表达方式。
七下数学第八章 单元检测卷
第八章单元检测卷一、选择题(每小题3分,共36分)1.下列命题中,真命题是(C)A.两边及一角对应相等的两个三角形全等B.直角三角形的高有且只有一条C.一次函数不一定是正比例函数D.有一个角等于60°的三角形是等边三角形2.在△ABC中,若∠A=95°,∠B=40°,则∠C的度数为(C)A.35°B.40°C.45°D.50°3.能说明命题“对于任何实数a,|a|>-a”是假命题的一个反例是(A)A.a=-2B.a=13C.a=1D.a=√24.(2022杭州)如图所示,已知AB∥CD,点E在线段AD上(不与点A,点D重合),连接CE.若∠C=20°,∠AEC=50°,则∠A等于(C)第4题图A.10°B.20°C.30°D.40°5.如图所示,已知△ABC,∠1是它的一个外角,点E为边AC上一点,点D在边BC的延长线上,连接DE,则下列结论中不一定正确的是(D)第5题图A.∠1>∠2B.∠1>∠3C.∠3>∠5D.∠4>∠56.如图所示,AB,CD,EF,MN均为直线,∠2=∠3=70°,∠GPC=80°,GH 平分∠MGB,则∠1等于(D)第6题图A.35°B.40°C.45°D.50°7.如图所示,则∠A+∠B+∠C+∠D+∠E的度数为(D)第7题图A.720°B.360°C.540°D.180°8.(2022东营实验中学期中)如图所示,AB∥DE,那么∠BCD等于(A)第8题图A.180°+∠1-∠2B.∠1+∠2C.∠2-∠1D.180°+∠2-2∠19.如图所示,AB∥CD,CG∥EF,∠BAG=150°,∠AGC=80°,则∠DEF的度数为(C)第9题图A.110°B.120°C.130°D.140°10.如图所示,∠C+∠D=180°,∠DAE=3∠EBF,∠EBF=27°,点G是AB 上的一点,若∠AGF=102°,∠BAF=34°,下列结论错误的是(D)第10题图A.∠AFB=81°B.∠E=54°C.AD∥BCD.BE∥FG11.以下四种沿AB折叠的方法中,不一定能判定纸带两边线a,b互相平行的是(C)A.如图(1)所示,展开后测得∠1=∠2B.如图(2)所示,展开后测得∠1=∠2且∠3=∠4C.如图(3)所示,测得∠1=∠2D.如图(4)所示,展开后再沿CD折叠,两条折痕的交点为O,测得OA=OB,OC=OD12.在三角形中,如果一个角是另一个角的3倍,这样的三角形我们称之为“灵动三角形”.例如,三个内角分别为120°、40°、20°的三角形是“灵动三角形”.如图所示,∠MON=60°,在射线OM上找一点A,过点A作AB⊥OM交ON于点B,以A为端点作射线AD,交线段OB于点C(我们规定0°<∠OAC<90°).下列结论:①∠ABO的度数为30°;②△AOB不是“灵动三角形”;③若∠BAC=70°,则△AOC是“灵动三角形”;④当△ABC为“灵动三角形”时,∠OAC为30°或52.5°.其中正确的是(D)A.②③B.②④C.①④D.①③二、填空题(每小题3分,共18分)13.把命题“三角形的一个外角大于任何一个和它不相邻的内角”改写成“如果……那么……”的形式: 如果一个角是三角形的外角,那么这个角大于任何一个与它不相邻的内角.14.如图所示,∠A=70°,O是AB上一点,∠BOD=78°.要使OD∥AC,直线OD绕点O按逆时针方向至少旋转8°.第14题图15.(2021德阳)如图所示,直线AB∥CD,∠M=90°,∠CEF=120°,则∠MPB= 150°.第15题图16.如图所示,∠AOB=40°,OP平分∠AOB,点C为射线OP上一点,作CD ⊥OA于点D,在∠POB的内部作CE∥OB,则∠DCE= 130°.第16题图17.(2021青岛月考)如图所示,把一个三角形纸片ABC的顶点向内折叠3次之后,三个顶点不重合,那么图中∠1+∠2+∠3+∠4+∠5+∠6的度数和是360°.第17题图18.如图(1)所示,在长方形ABCD中,点E在AD上,并且∠ABE=30°,分别以BE,CE为折痕进行折叠并压平,如图(2)所示.若图(2)中n+30)°(用含n的代数式表示). ∠AED=n°,则∠BCE的度数为(12三、解答题(共46分)19.(8分)请指出下列命题的条件和结论,并判断它们的真假,若是假命题,请举出一个反例.(1)等角的补角相等;(2)绝对值相等的两个数相等.解:(1)条件:有两个角相等;结论:这两个角的补角相等.这是真命题.(2)条件:有两个数的绝对值相等;结论:这两个数相等.这是假命题. 反例:|2|=|-2|,但2≠-2.20.(8分)请将下列证明过程补充完整.已知:如图所示,AB∥DC,BC∥DE.求证:∠B+∠D=180°.证明:∵BC∥DE( ),∴∠C= ( ).∵(已知),∴∠B+∠C=180°( ).∴∠B+∠D=180°( ).解:已知∠D 两直线平行,内错角相等AB∥DC 两直线平行,同旁内角互补等量代换21.(8分)如图所示,∠ABD和∠BDC的平分线交于点E,BE的延长线交CD于点F,且∠1+∠2=90°,猜想∠2与∠3的关系并证明.解:∠2+∠3=90°.证明如下:∵∠ABD和∠BDC的平分线交于点E,∴∠ABF=∠1,∠ABD=2∠1,∠BDC=2∠2.∵∠1+∠2=90°,∴∠ABF+∠2=90°,∠ABD+∠BDC=2×90°=180°.∴AB∥DC.∴∠3=∠ABF.∴∠2+∠3=90°.22.(10分)在△ABC中,点E在AC上,∠AEB=∠ABC.(1)如图(1)所示,作∠BAC的平分线AD,分别交CB,BE于D,F两点,求证:∠EFD=∠ADC.(2)如图(2)所示,作△ABC的外角∠BAG的平分线AD,交CB的延长线于点D,延长DA交BE的延长线于点F,试探究(1)中结论是否仍成立?为什么?(1)证明:∵AD平分∠BAC,∴∠BAD=∠DAC.∵∠EFD=∠DAC+∠AEB,∠ADC=∠ABC+∠BAD,∠AEB=∠ABC,∴∠EFD=∠ADC.(2)解:(1)中的结论仍然成立.理由如下:∵AD平分∠BAG,∴∠BAD=∠GAD.∵∠FAE=∠GAD,∴∠FAE=∠BAD.∵∠EFD=∠AEB-∠FAE,∠ADC=∠ABC-∠BAD,∠AEB=∠ABC, ∴∠EFD=∠ADC.23.(12分)已知AB ∥CD,∠ABE 与∠CDE 的平分线相交于点F.(1)如图(1)所示,若∠E=80°,求∠BFD 的度数;(2)如图(2)所示,若∠ABM=13∠ABF,∠CDM=13∠CDF,写出∠M 与∠E 之间的数量关系,并说明理由;(3)若∠ABM=1n ∠ABF,∠CDM=1n ∠CDF,设∠BED=m °,请直接写出用含m °,n 的式子表示的∠M.解:(1)如图所示,过点E 作EN ∥AB.∵BF,DF 分别是∠ABE 和∠CDE 的平分线,∴∠EBF=12∠ABE,∠EDF=12∠CDE. ∵AB ∥EN,∴∠ABE+∠BEN=180°.∵AB ∥CD,AB ∥NE,∴NE ∥CD.∴∠CDE+∠NED=180°.∴∠ABE+∠BED+∠CDE=360°.∵∠BED=80°,∴∠ABE+∠CDE=280°.∴∠EBF+∠EDF=140°.∴∠BFD=360°-80°-140°=140°.(2)∠E+6∠M=360°.理由如下:设∠ABM=x,∠CDM=y,则∠FBM=2x,∠EBF=3x,∠FDM=2y,∠EDF=3y. 由(1),得∠ABE+∠E+∠CDE=360°,∴6x+6y+∠E=360°.∴∠E=360°-6x-6y.∵∠M+∠EBM+∠E+∠EDM=360°,∴6x+6y+∠E=∠M+5x+5y+∠E.∴∠M=x+y.∴∠E+6∠M=360°..(3)∠M=360°-m°2n。
人教版七年级下《第八章二元一次方程组》单元练习含答案试卷分析详解
七年级数学下册第八章二元一次方程组单元练习一、选择题(本大题共10小题,共30.0分)1.已知二元一次方程2x-y=1,则用x的代数式表示y为()A. y=1-2xB. y=2x-1C. x=D. x=2.下列方程组中,二元一次方程组的个数是()(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个3.若3x m-n-2y m+n-2=4是关于x,y的二元一次方程,则m,n的值分别为()A. m=1,n=0B. m=0,n=-1C. m=2,n=1D. m=2,n=-34.若购买甲商品3件,乙商品2件,丙商品1件,共需140元;购买甲商品1件,乙商品2件,丙商品3件,共需100元;那么购买甲商品1件,乙商品1件,丙商品1件,共需()元.A. 50B. 60C. 70D. 805.在中央电视台2套“开心辞典”节目中,有一期的某道题目是:如图所示,天平中放有苹果、香蕉、砝码,且两个天平都平衡,则一个苹果的重量是一个香蕉的重量的()A. 倍B. 倍C. 2倍D. 3倍6.根据等式的性质,下列各式的变形中,一定正确的是()A. 若a=b,则a+c=b-cB. 若a=b+2,则3a=3b+6C. 若6a=2b,则a=3bD. 若ac=bc,则a=b7.小明解方程组x+y=■的解为x=5,由于不小心滴下了两滴墨水,刚好把两个数■和★遮住了,则这个数■和★的值为()A. B. C. D.8.二元一次方程组的解是()A. B. C. D.9.王老师的数学课采用小组合作学习方式,把班上40名学生分成若干小组,如果要求每小组只能是5人或6人,则有几种分组方案()A. 4B. 3C. 2D. 110.已知关于x,y的二元一次方程组的解为,则a-2b的值是()A. -2B. 2C. 3D. -3二、填空题(本大题共10小题,共30.0分)11.若方程x4m-1+5y-3n-5=4是二元一次方程,则m=______,n=______.12.已知方程2x+y-5=0,用含x的代数式表示y= ______ .13.三元一次方程组的解是______ .14.请你写出一个有一解为的二元一次方程:______ .15.已知5b-2a-2=7a-4b,则a,b的大小关系是______ .16.若关于x、y的二元一次方程组的解满足x+y>0,则m的取值范围是______ .17.《九章算术》是中国传统数学最重要的著作,奠定了中国传统数学的基本框架.它的代数成就主要包括开方术、正负术和方程术.其中,方程术是《九章算术》最高的数学成就.《九章算术》中记载:“今有甲乙二人持钱不知其数.甲得乙半而钱五十,乙得甲太半而钱亦五十.问甲、乙持钱各几何?”译文:“假设有甲乙二人,不知其钱包里有多少钱.若乙把自己一半的钱给甲,则甲的钱数为50;而甲把自己的钱给乙,则乙的钱数也能为50.问甲、乙各有多少钱?”设甲持钱为x,乙持钱为y,可列方程组为______.18.已知关于x、y的二元一次方程组给出下列结论:①当k=5时,此方程组无解;②若此方程组的解也是方程6x+15y=16的解,则k=10;③无论整数k取何值,此方程组一定无整数解(x、y均为整数),其中正确的是______(填序号).19.已知是二元一次方程ax+y=7的一个解,则a= ______ .20.如图是由10个相同的小长方形拼成的长方形图案,则每块小长方形的面积为______ cm2.三、计算题(本大题共4小题,共24.0分)21.解方程组(1)(2).22.解方程组:.23.解方程组:(1)(2).24.解方程组.四、解答题(本大题共2小题,共16.0分)25.某水果商从批发市场用8000元购进了大樱桃和小樱桃各200千克,大樱桃的进价比小樱桃的进价每千克多20元,大樱桃售价为每千克40元,小樱桃售价为每千克16元.(1)大樱桃和小樱桃的进价分别是每千克多少元?销售完后,该水果商共赚了多少元钱?(2)该水果商第二次仍用8000元钱从批发市场购进了大樱桃和小樱桃各200千克,进价不变,但在运输过程中小樱桃损耗了20%.若小樱桃的售价不变,要想让第二次赚的钱不少于第一次所赚钱的90%,大樱桃的售价最少应为多少?26.已知用2辆A型车和1辆B型车装满货物一次可运货10吨;用1辆A型车和2辆B型车装满货物一次可运货11吨.某物流公司现有31吨货物,计划同时租用A型车a辆,B型车b辆,一次运完,且恰好每辆车都装满货物.根据以上信息,解答下列问题:(1)1辆A型车和1辆B型车都装满货物一次可分别运货多少吨?(2)请你帮该物流公司设计租车方案(即A、B两种型号的车各租几辆,有几种租车方案).答案和解析【答案】1. B2. B3. C4. B5. B6. B7. A8. D9. C10. B11. ;-212. -2x+513.14. x+y=-115. a<b16. m>-217.18. ①②③19. 220. 40021. 解:(1),由②得:x=2y③,把③代入①得:4y+y=5,即y=1,把y=1代入③得:x=2,则方程组的解为;(2)方程组整理得:,①×2+②得:11x=22,即x=2,把x=2代入①得:y=3,则方程组的解为.22. 解:,①×2+②得:9x=18,解得:x=2,把x=2代入②得:y=1,则方程组的解为.23. 解:(1),①+②得:6x=24,解得:x=4,把x=4代入②得:y=-3,则方程组的解为;(2),①+②×3得:11x=22,解得:x=2,把x=2代入①得:y=1,则方程组的解为.24. 解:x:y=1:5=2:10,y:z=2:3=10:15,设x=2k,y=10k,z=15k,∵x+y+z=27,∴2k+10k+15k=27,k=1,∴x=2,y=10,z=15,故方程组的解是.25. 解:(1)设小樱桃的进价为每千克x元,大樱桃的进价为每千克y元,根据题意可得:,解得:,小樱桃的进价为每千克10元,大樱桃的进价为每千克30元,200×[(40-30)+(16-10)]=3200(元),∴销售完后,该水果商共赚了3200元;(2)设大樱桃的售价为a元/千克,(1-20%)×200×16+200a-8000≥3200×90%,解得:a≥41.6,答:大樱桃的售价最少应为41.6元/千克.26. 解:(1)设1辆A型车和1辆B型车都装满货物一次可分别运货x吨,y吨,根据题意得:,解得:.答:1辆A型车和1辆B型车都装满货物一次可分别运货3吨,4吨.(2)由题意可得:3a+4b=31,∴b=.∵a,b均为整数,∴有、和三种情况.故共有三种租车方案,分别为:①A型车1辆,B型车7辆;②A型车5辆,B型车4辆;③A型车9辆,B型车1辆.【解析】1. 解:移项,得y=2x-1.故选B.把方程2x-y=1写成用含x的代数式表示y,需要进行移项.本题考查的是方程的基本运算技能:移项、合并同类项、系数化为1等.2. 解:(1)里面含有x2和y2,不符合二元一次方程组的定义;(2)符合二元一次方程组的定义;(3)里面含有xy,是二次,不符合二元一次方程组的定义;(4)符合二元一次方程组的定义;(5)其中①式的y是-1次,不符合二元一次方程组的定义.综上可知,(2)和(4)是二元一次方程组.故选B.分析各个方程组,观察是否符合二元一次方程组的定义“1、只有两个未知数;2、未知数的项最高次数都应是一次;3、都是整式方程”.本题考查了学生对二元一次方程组的认识,紧扣二元一次方程组的定义的三要点.3. 解:由题意,得,解得,故选:C.根据二元一次方程的定义,可得x和y的指数分别都为1,列关于m、n的方程组,再求出m和n的值.本题考查了二元一次方程的定义,二元一次方程必须符合以下三个条件:(1)方程中只含有2个未知数;(2)含未知数项的最高次数为一次;(3)方程是整式方程.5. 解:设一个苹果的重量为x、一个香蕉的重量为y、一个砝码的重量为z,由题意得,解得x=2z,y=z,故==.故选B.设一个苹果的重量为x、一个香蕉的重量为y、一个砝码的重量为z,先用含z的代数式表示x,y,即解关于x,y的方程组,再求即可.本题先通过解三元一次方程组,求得用z表示的x,y的值后而求解.6. 解:A、两边加不同的整式,故A错误;B、两边都除以3,故B正确;C、两边除以不同的数,故C错误;D、c=0时,两边都除以c无意义,故D错误;故选:B.根据等式的性质,可得答案.本题考查了等式的性质,熟记等式的性质是解题关键.7. 解:把x=5代入方程组得:,解得:y=★=3,把x=5,y=3代入得:■=3+5=8,故选A把x=5代入已知方程组求出■的值,进而求出★的值即可.此题考查了二元一次方程组的解,方程组的解即为能使方程组中两方程都成立的未知数的值.8. 解:,①+②得,2x=6,解得,x=3,把x=3代入①得,y=-1,则方程组的解为:,故选:D.利用加减法解出二元一次方程组即可.本题考查的是二元一次方程组的解法,掌握用加减法解二元一次方程组的一般步骤是解题的关键.9. 解:设5人一组的有x个,6人一组的有y个,根据题意可得:5x+6y=40,当x=1,则y=(不合题意);当x=2,则y=5;当x=3,则y=(不合题意);当x=4,则y=(不合题意);当x=5,则y=(不合题意);当x=6,则y=(不合题意);当x=7,则y=(不合题意);当x=8,则y=0;故有2种分组方案.故选:C.根据题意设5人一组的有x个,6人一组的有y个,利用把班级里40名学生分成若干小组,进而得出等式求出即可.此题主要考查了二元一次方程的应用,根据题意分情况讨论得出是解题关键.10. 解:把代入方程组得:,解得:,所以a-2b=-2×(-)=2,故选:B.把代入方程组,得出关于a、b的方程组,求出方程组的解即可.本题考查了解二元一次方程组和二元一次方程组的解,能得出关于a、b的方程组是解此题的关键.11. 解:根据二元一次方程的定义得,4m-1=1,-3n-5=1,解得m=,n=-2.故答案为:;-2.根据二元一次方程的定义,可得x和y的指数分别都为1,列关于m、n的方程,然后求解即可.本题考查了二元一次方程的定义,二元一次方程必须符合以下三个条件:(1)方程中只含有2个未知数;(2)含未知数项的最高次数为一次;(3)方程是整式方程.12. 解:方程2x+y-5=0,解得:y=-2x+5,故答案为:-2x+5把x看做已知数求出y即可.此题考查了解二元一次方程,解题的关键是将x看做已知数求出y.13. 解:组,由(1)+(3),得4x+2z=10,(4)由(1)×3+(2),得11x+2z=24,(5)由(5)-(4),解得x=2.将其代入(5),解得z=1,把x=2,z=1代入(1),解得y=3.所以原方程组的解为:.故答案是:.可用减法化去y,达到消元的目的,然后解关于x、z的方程组.本题考查三元一次方程组的解法,解决本题关键是寻找式子间的关系,寻找方法降元.14. 解:根据题意,得x+y=1-2=-1,即x+y=-1;x-y=-1+2=3,即x-y=3;所以,所有符合x+y=-1,x-y=3的二元一次方程均可.故答案为:x+y=-1.根据方程组知x与y的数量关系:x+y=-1,x-y=3;所以所有符合此要求的二元一次方程均可.考查二元一次方程的解的定义,要求理解什么是二元一次方程的解,并会把x,y的值代入原方程验证二元一次方程的解.15. 解:移项得,5b+4b=7a+2a+2,合并同类项得,9b=9a+2,所以,a<b.故答案为:a<b.根据等式的性质,移项、合并同类项即可得解.本题考查了等式的性质,整理后等式两边a、b的系数相同是解题的关键.16. 解:,①+②得2x+2y=2m+4,则x+y=m+2,根据题意得m+2>0,解得m>-2.故答案是:m>-2.首先解关于x和y的方程组,利用m表示出x和y,代入x+y>0即可得到关于m的不等式,求得m的范围.本题考查的是解二元一次方程组和不等式,解答此题的关键是把m当作已知数表示出x、y的值,再得到关于m的不等式.17. 解:设甲持钱为x,乙持钱为y,根据题意,可列方程组:,故答案为:.设甲持钱为x,乙持钱为y,根据题意可得,甲的钱+乙的钱的一半=50元,乙的钱+甲所有钱的=50元,据此可列方程组.本题考查了由实际问题列方程组的能力,解答本题的关键是读懂题意,设出未知数,找出合适的等量关系,列出方程组.18. 解:∵当k=5时,方程组为,此时方程组无解;∴①正确;∵解方程组得,把代入6x+15y=16,方程左右两边相等,∴②正确;∵解方程组得,又∵k为整数,∴x、y不能均为整数,∴③正确.故答案为:①②③.①将k=5代入,得到方程组得,求解即可作出判断;②解方程组得,把代入6x+15y=16,即可做出判断;③解方程组得,根据k为整数即可作出判断.此题考查了二元一次方程组的解,方程组的解即为能使方程组中两方程成立的未知数的值.19. 解:把代入二元一次方程ax+y=7得:a+5=7,解得:a=2.故答案为:2.知道了方程的解,可以把这对数值代入方程,得到一个含有未知数a的一元一次方程,从而可以求出a 的值.此题考查的是二元一次方程的解,解题关键是把方程的解代入原方程,使原方程转化为以系数a为未知数的方程,一组数是方程的解,那么它一定满足这个方程,利用方程的解的定义可以求方程中其他字母的值.20. 解:设一个小长方形的长为xcm,宽为ycm,则可列方程组,解得,则一个小长方形的面积=40×10=400(cm2).故答案为:400.由题意可知本题存在两个等量关系,即小长方形的长+小长方形的宽=50cm,小长方形的长+小长方形宽的4倍=小长方形长的2倍,根据这两个等量关系可列出方程组,进而求出小长方形的长与宽,最后求得小长方形的面积.本题考查了二元一次方程组的应用.解答本题关键是弄清题意,看懂图示,找出合适的等量关系,列出方程组.并弄清小长方形的长与宽的关系.21. (1)方程组利用代入消元法求出解即可;(2)方程组整理后,利用加减消元法求出解即可.此题考查了解二元一次方程组,利用了消元的思想,消元的方法有:代入消元法与加减消元法.22. 方程组利用加减消元法求出解即可.此题考查了解二元一次方程组,利用了消元的思想,消元的方法有:代入消元法与加减消元法.23. (1)方程组利用加减消元法求出解即可;(2)方程组变形后,利用加减消元法求出解即可.此题考查了解二元一次方程组,利用了消元的思想,消元的方法有:代入消元法与加减消元法.24. 先变形得出x:y:z=2:10:15,设x=2k,y=10k,z=15k,代入x+y+z=27得出方程2k+10k+15k=27,求出k即可.本题考查了解三元一次方程组的应用,解此题的关键是得出关于k的方程.25. (1)根据用8000元购进了大樱桃和小樱桃各200千克,以及大樱桃的进价比小樱桃的进价每千克多20元,分别得出等式求出答案;(2)根据要想让第二次赚的钱不少于第一次所赚钱的90%,得出不等式求出答案.此题主要考查了二元一次方程组的应用以及一元一次不等式的应用,正确表示出总费用是解题关键.26. (1)设1辆A型车和1辆B型车都装满货物一次可分别运货x吨,y吨,根据“用2辆A型车和1辆B型车装满货物一次可运货10吨;用1辆A型车和2辆B型车装满货物一次可运货11吨”,即可得出关于x、y的二元一次方程组,解之即可得出结论;(2)由(1)的结论结合某物流公司现有31吨货物,即可得出3a+4b=31,即b=,由a、b均为正数即可得出各租车方案.本题考查了二元一次方程组的应用以及二元一次方程的应用,解题的关键是:(1)根据等量关系,列出关于x、y的二元一次方程组;(2)由(1)的结论结合共运货31吨,找出3a+4b=31.。
七年级道德与法治下册 第八单元 与法同行 8.1 法律保护我们 第3框 保护未成年人是全社会的责任
织未成年人进行有害其身心健康
的表演等活 动;禁止向未成年人
出售烟酒。
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③社会要保护未成年人的思想和心灵健康。
要建立和改善适合未成 年人文化生活需要的活动 场所和设施。 禁止任何 组织、个人制作或者向未 成年人出售、出租和传播 毒害未成年人的图书、报 刊、音像制品和网络信息 等。中小学校园周边不得 设置营业性歌舞娱乐场所、 互 联网上网服务营业场 所等。
2016年2月2日,湖南临武三中初一女
生遭多名女同学殴打,辱骂。被打女生
表示,打她的人是同班同学找来的,因
嫉妒她“长得好看”,她已被这名女同
学打骂多次。
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今年来,此类事件层出不穷,平均两个 月就爆出一起校园欺凌事件案例。
加强校园对未成年人的 保护迫在眉睫,刻不容缓。
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探究与分享
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学习新知
2.学校保护。
学校应当尊重学生的受教育权利,对学生进行指导和教 育,不得歧视有缺点、有困难的学生,不得违反法律和国 家规定开除未成年学生,应当保证未成年学生的睡眠、娱 乐和体育锻炼时间,不得加重其学习负担。学校的教职员 工应当尊重未成年人的人格尊严,不得对未成年人实施体 罚、变相体罚或者其他侮辱人格的行为。学校应当采取措 施保障未成年人的人身安全,对未成年学生在校内或者本 校组织的校外活动中发生人身伤害事故的,应当及时救护, 妥善处理。
第八单元 与法同行
8.1 法律保护我们
保护未成年人是全社会的责任
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创景设情
影响一个孩子健康 成长的因素有哪些?
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学习新知
七年级下英语8单元知识点
七年级下英语8单元主要包括以下几个知识点:《Adventures inthe Rainforest》, 《The Man who Loved Jaguars》, 《Storm on the Island》, 《Nature's Fury》, 《National Parks》, 《Mountains of the Moon》, 《Why We Write》, 《Peacock》1. 名词复数形式:单数名词加-s,以s, sh, ch, x结尾的名词加-es,以辅音字母+y结尾的名词变y为i加-es。
例:tree-trees, box-boxes, baby-babies, monkey-monkeys2.动词的一般现在时:主语+动词原形(第三人称单数要在动词后面加-s)例:I eat an apple every day.She eats an apple every day.3.动词的一般过去时:动词过去式的构成规则例:walk-walked, study-studied, play-played4. 描述性形容词和修饰性形容词:描述性形容词在名词前修饰名词,修饰性形容词在be动词后作表语例:a tall tree, the blue skyThe tree is tall.The sky is blue.5.介词和介词短语的用法:介词短语在句中作状语,表达时间、地点、方式等例:in the forest, on the island, by the river6. 物主代词的用法:形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs)的区别及用法例:This is my book.The book is mine.7. 一般疑问句的构成及回答方式:疑问词+一般疑问句(助动词或be动词提到句首,其他动词要在句首加do/does/did)例:Does he like bananas?Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.8. 表示能力的情态动词can和不能力的情态动词can't的用法:can表示能力、允许、请求等,can't表示不能力、不允许、禁止等例:I can swim.I can't swim.9. 情态动词must的用法:表示推测或肯定的意思,一般用在句子前面例:It must be true.You must be joking.10.句子的陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句的构成及变换:陈述句是陈述事实,疑问句是对事实提问,祈使句是发出命令或请求,感叹句是表达赞叹、惊讶或怀疑等感情的句子例:She is a doctor.(陈述句)Is she a doctor?(疑问句)Be a doctor.(祈使句)What a doctor she is!(感叹句)11.短语动词的用法:短语动词是由动词+介词或副词组成的固定搭配,含义不一定和动词的原意相同。
人教英语七年级下册第八单元知识梳理附练习(含答案)
初一英语下册第八单元知识梳理附练习Unit8 知识梳理【重点短语】1. near here 在这儿附近2. post office 邮局3. police station 警察局4. pay phone 付费电话5. on Bridge Street在桥街6. across from 在…对面7. next to…在…旁边8. between...and...在…和…中间9. in front of…在……前面10. behind…在…后面11. on Center Street 在中心街12. far from …远离…13. go along 沿着14. turn right/ left向右/左转15. at the first crossing在第一个十字路口16. on one’s left/right在某人的左边/右边17. spend time (in) doing花费时间做某事18. watch sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事19. look like 看起来像20. love the clean air a nd sunshine 喜爱清新的空气和阳光21. the best things最好的事情22. be free 免费的23.cross Center street穿过中心街24. have to do sth.不得不做某事25. a noisy neighborhood喧闹的街区26.get to the library easily很容易到达图书馆27. enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事28. go shopping去购物29. be busy 忙的30. make the foods 做食物【重点句型】1.---W here are the pay phones? 付费电话在什么地方?---They’re between the post office and the library.在邮局与图书馆之间。
七年级数学(下)第八章《二元一次方程组》单元测试卷附答案
七年级数学(下)第八章《二元一次方程组》单元测试卷(测试时间:90分钟 满分:120分)一、选择题(共10小题,每题3分,共30分)1.方程2x ﹣3y=4,2x+y 3=4,2x-3y=4,2x+3y ﹣z=5,x 2﹣y=1中,是二元一次方程的有( )A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个 2.如果a 3x b y与﹣a 2y b x+1是同类项,则( )A 、23x y =-⎧⎨=⎩ B. 23x y =⎧⎨=-⎩ C. 23x y =-⎧⎨=-⎩D. 23x y =⎧⎨=⎩3.x 与y 的值相等,则已知程方组54358x y mx y -=⎧⎨+=⎩中m 的值是( ).(A )1 (B )1- (C )1± (D )5±4.甲、乙两个车间工人人数不相等,若甲车间调10人到乙车间,则两车间人数相等;若乙车间调10人到甲车间,则甲车间的人数就是乙车间人数的2倍,求原来甲、乙两车间各有多少名工人?设原来甲车间有x 名工人,乙车间有y 名工人,列以下方程组正确的是( ) A.⎩⎨⎧-==-)10(210y x y x B.⎩⎨⎧-==-10210y x y x C.⎩⎨⎧-=++=-)10(2101010y x y x D.⎩⎨⎧-=++=-10)10(21010y x y x5.一副三角板按如图方式摆放,且∠1的度数比∠2的度数大50°,若设∠1=x °,∠2=y °,则可得到方程组为( )A .50180x y x y =-⎧⎨+=⎩ B .50180x y x y =+⎧⎨+=⎩ C . 5090x y x y =+⎧⎨+=⎩ D .5090x y x y =-⎧⎨+=⎩6.某单位组织34人分别到井冈山和瑞金进行革命传统教育,到井冈山的人数是瑞金的人数的2倍多1人,求到两地的人数各是多少?设到井冈山的人数为x 人,到瑞金的人数为y 人.下面所列的方程组正确的是( )A .3412x y x y +=⎧⎨+=⎩ B .3421x y x y +=⎧⎨=+⎩ C .3421x y x y +=⎧⎨=+⎩ D .23421x y x y +=⎧⎨=+⎩7.已知:21x y =⎧⎨=⎩是方程kx-y=3的解,则k 的值是( )A.2B.-2C.1D.-18.方程组525x y x y =+⎧⎨-=⎩的解满足方程x +y -a=0,那么a 的值是( )A .5B .-5C .3D .-39.已知x 2y 1==⎧⎨⎩是方程组ax by 5bx ay 1+=+=⎧⎨⎩的解,则a ﹣b 的值是( )A.1-B.2C.3D.4 10.下列四组数值中,为方程组⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=--=--=++231202z y x z y x z y x 的解是( )A 、⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-===210z y xB 、⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧===101z y xC 、⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-==010z y xD 、⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-==321z y x二、填空题(共10小题,每题3分,共30分) 11.已知x 2y 1=⎧⎨=-⎩是方程ax 5y 15+=的一个解,则a = 。
人教新目标七年级下册第八单元笔记8单元笔记
第47页1.I’d like some noodles . 我想要点面条2.I’d like = I would like 我想要3.would like 想要(表示一种委婉的语气)其用法相当于want.4.would like sth 想要某物would like an apple (want an apple) 想要一个苹果5.would like to do sth 想要做某事He would like to play soccer. 他想踢足球。
6.would 是情态动词7.我想要些牛肉。
I’d like .( some beef)8.她想去打乒乓球。
She would like .(to playping-pang )(你能变否定句和疑问句吗?)9. Would you like sth.?,句中表示“一些”,用some而不用any.肯定回答是: Yes, please./ All right./ Yes./OK.其否定回答是:No, thanks.Would like=__________10.想要某物_____________11.想要做某事___________________12.Nancy wants some salad.13.=Nancy _____ _____ some salad14.D o you want to have some tea(同义句转换) _____ you_____ to ____ some tea?15.I’d like some onions(一疑)16._____ you______ _____ onions?17.要注意回答方式:如上题,肯定:___________18.否定: ________________19.I’d like so me porridge and onions(划线)20._________ _______you _______ ?21.T hey would like some coffee (否定句)22.T hey ____ ______ _____ coffee.23.k ind 的用法24.W hat kind of noodles would you like? 你想要哪种面条?25.w hat kind of 的意思是什么种类,那种的,用来询问事物的类别。
人教版七年级英语下册 Unit8短语、句型、作文汇总
Unit8 Is there a post office near here?【重点单词】post n.邮政office n.办公室post office 邮局police n.警察police station 警察局hotel n.旅店;酒店restaurant n.餐馆bank n.银行hospital n.医院street n.大街pay v.付费pay phone 付费电话near prep.在……附近across adv.过;穿过across from 在……对面front n.前面in front of 在……前面behind prep.在……后面town n.镇;市镇around adv.&prep.到处;大约north n.北;北方 adj.北方的along prep.沿着go along 沿着(这条街)走turn v.转向;翻right adv.向右边 n.右边left adv.向左边 n.左边rurn right/left 向右、左转crossing n.十字路口neighborhood n.街区;街坊spend v.花(时间、钱等)spend time 花时间climb v.爬road n.路often adv.时常;常常air n.空气sunshine n.阳光free adj.免费的enjoy v.享受;喜爱enjoy reading 喜欢阅读easily adv.容易地money n.钱【重点短语】1. near here 在这儿附近2. post office 邮局3. police station 警察局4. pay phone 付费电话5. on Bridge Street 在桥街6. across from 在…对面7. next to… 在…旁边8. between...and... 在…和…中间9. in front of… 在……前面10. behind… 在…后面11. on Center Street 在中心街12. far from … 远离…13. go along 沿着14. turn right/ left 向右/左转15. at the first crossing 在第一个十字路口16. on one’s left/right 在某人的左边/右边17. spend time (in) doing 花费时间做某事18. watch sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事19. look like 看起来像20. love the clean air and sunshine 喜爱清新的空气和阳光21. the best things 最好的事情22. be free 免费的23.cross Center street 穿过中心街24. have to do sth. 不得不做某事25. a noisy neighborhood 喧闹的街区26.get to the library easily 很容易到达图书馆27. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事28. go shopping 去购物29. be busy 忙的30. make the foods 做食物【用法集萃】1. play +棋类/球类下…棋/打…球2. play the +西洋乐器弹/拉…乐器3. be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事4. be good with sb. 和某人相处地好5. need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事6. can + 动词原形能/会做某事7. a little + 不可数名词一点儿…8. join the…club 加入…俱乐部9. like to do sth. =love to do sth. 喜欢/喜爱做某事【重点句型】1.—Where are the pay phones?付费电话在什么地方?—They’re between the post office and the library.在邮局与图书馆之间。
英语七年级下册第八单元单词
英语七年级下册第八单元单词Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?一、重点单词。
1. post [pəʊst] n. 邮政;邮件。
2. office ['ɒfɪs] n. 办公室。
3. post office 邮局。
4. police [pə'liːs] n. 警察。
5. police station 警察局。
6. hotel [həʊ'tel] n. 旅馆;酒店。
7. restaurant ['restrɒnt] n. 餐馆。
8. bank [bæŋk] n. 银行。
9. hospital ['hɒspɪtl] n. 医院。
10. street [striːt] n. 大街。
11. pay [peɪ] v. (paid /peɪd/) 付费。
12. pay phone 付费电话。
13. near [nɪə(r)] prep. 在……附近 adv. 附近。
14. across [ə'krɒs] adv. & prep. 过;穿过。
15. across from 在……对面。
16. front [frʌnt] n. 前面;正面。
17. in front of 在……前面。
18. behind [bɪ'haɪnd] prep. 在……后面。
19. town [taʊn] n. 镇;市镇。
20. around [ə'raʊnd] adv. & prep. 到处;大约。
21. north [nɔːθ] n. 北;北方;adj. 北方的。
22. along [ə'lɒŋ] prep. 沿着。
23. go along (the street) 沿着(这条街)走。
24. turn [tɜːn] v. 转向;翻。
25. right [raɪt] adv. 向右边;n. 右边。
七下英语书第八单元2b课文 -回复
七下英语书第八单元2b课文-回复摘要:一、课文背景- 七年级下册英语书- 第八单元2b 课文二、课文内容概述- 课文回复的主题- 主要角色及关系- 课文主要情节三、课文寓意及启示- 培养良好的人际沟通能力- 学会换位思考,关心他人- 礼貌待人是基本的社交礼仪四、如何提高英语写作能力- 多读多写,积累词汇和表达- 学习英语写作技巧和方法- 模仿优秀范文,进行创作练习正文:七年级下册英语书的第八单元2b 课文以回复为主题,通过一个简短的故事向我们传达了有关人际沟通、换位思考和礼貌待人的重要信息。
故事发生在一个学校里,主要角色是小明和他的朋友小华。
他们在课间休息时讨论了一个有趣的话题,但意见出现了分歧。
小明认为他们的讨论很有趣,但小华觉得有些无聊。
在这种情况下,小明决定给小华写一封回信,解释自己的想法并试图理解小华的观点。
通过这个故事,我们可以看到学会换位思考和关心他人是非常重要的。
当我们的观点与他人不同时,应该尊重对方的想法,试图理解他们的立场。
同时,礼貌待人也是基本的社交礼仪,我们要时刻注意自己的言行举止,以展现出良好的教养。
要提高英语写作能力,首先要多读多写,积累词汇和表达。
我们可以阅读一些优秀的英文文章和书籍,从中学习地道的表达和句型。
此外,学习英语写作技巧和方法也是提高写作能力的关键。
我们可以参加一些英语写作课程,了解如何组织篇章、如何使用修辞手法等。
最后,模仿优秀范文进行创作练习,可以帮助我们在实际写作中更好地运用所学知识。
总之,通过学习这篇课文,我们不仅能够提高英语写作能力,还能够领悟到人际沟通、换位思考和礼貌待人的重要性。
初一下册英语作文第八单元
初一下册英语作文第八单元全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Unit 8 in the first semester of English for first graders focuses on the theme of "My Family". In this unit, students learn how to introduce and describe their family members, talk about their likes and dislikes, and discuss their family activities.The unit starts with basic vocabulary related to family members such as father, mother, brother, sister, grandparents, and pets. Students also learn adjectives to describe their family members such as tall, short, young, old, and cute. They are encouraged to use these new words in sentences to practice speaking and writing.After learning the vocabulary, students move on to learning how to introduce their family members. They practice using sentences like "This is my father. He is tall and kind." or "I have two brothers. They are both very funny." Through these activities, students can practice speaking and listening skills in a meaningful context.In addition to introducing family members, students are also taught how to talk about their likes and dislikes. They learn common phrases like "I like playing soccer with my brother" or "I don't like eating vegetables". By practicing these sentences, students can express their opinions and preferences in English.Finally, students learn how to talk about family activities. They practice using sentences like "On weekends, we go to the park together" or "Every Sunday, we have a family dinner". By discussing their family activities, students can strengthen their speaking and writing skills while also learning more about each other's lives.Overall, Unit 8 of the first semester English curriculum for first graders provides a fun and engaging way for students to learn about their family and practice their language skills. By the end of the unit, students will be able to confidently introduce their family members, talk about their likes and dislikes, and describe their family activities in English.篇2Unit 8: Our School Sports DayOur school sports day is always a highly anticipated event of the school year. It is a day filled with excitement, competition,and a sense of camaraderie amongst students and teachers alike. This year, our sports day was held on a bright and sunny Friday morning, and everyone was eager to participate in the various events and activities that had been planned.The day began with an opening ceremony, where our principal gave a motivational speech, encouraging us to do our best and exhibit good sportsmanship throughout the day. The school band played the national anthem, and the flag was raised high to kick off the day's events. There was a palpable energy in the air as students gathered in their respective teams, ready to compete in events such as relay races, tug-of-war, and sack races.The first event of the day was the 100-meter sprint, where students raced against each other to see who could reach the finish line first. The cheering and applause from the spectators was deafening as the runners sprinted down the track, giving it their all. It was a close race, but in the end, the fastest runners emerged victorious, with medals awarded to the top three finishers.Next up was the relay race, a team event where students had to pass a baton to their teammates as they raced around the track. The relay race was a test of coordination and teamwork, aseach team member had to do their part to ensure a smooth hand-off and a fast time. The atmosphere was electric as students cheered on their teammates, pushing them to give their best effort.One of the highlights of the day was the tug-of-war competition, where teams of students faced off against each other in a test of strength and determination. The rope strained under the force of their tugging, with each team giving it their all to pull the opposing team across the line. It was a hard-fought battle, but in the end, one team emerged victorious, earning bragging rights and cheers from their peers.As the day drew to a close, medals were awarded to the winners of each event, and a closing ceremony was held to celebrate the achievements of all the students who had participated. Our principal congratulated us on a successful sports day, praising us for our hard work, dedication, and sportsmanship. It was a day filled with fun, laughter, and friendly competition, and it was a day that we would remember for a long time to come.In conclusion, our school sports day was a memorable and exciting event that brought the school community together in the spirit of competition and camaraderie. It was a day where wepushed ourselves to do our best, cheered on our teammates, and celebrated our achievements. Sports day is not just about winning or losing, but about participating, having fun, and making memories that will last a lifetime. We can't wait for next year's sports day and the chance to compete once again.篇3Unit 8 of the first semester of English for Grade One has covered a variety of topics that are not only important for language learning, but also helpful in developing students' critical thinking skills. In this unit, students have learned about expressing preferences, giving opinions, and making suggestions.Firstly, students have practiced using phrases to express their preferences and likes. For example, they have learned how to say "I like playing football" or "I prefer watching TV to reading books". This helps them not only improve their vocabulary, but also learn how to express themselves in a clear and concise manner. By being able to express their preferences, students can communicate more effectively with others and create stronger relationships.Moreover, students have also learned how to give their opinions on various topics. They have practiced using phrases such as "I think..." or "In my opinion..." to express their thoughts. This is important as it encourages students to think critically and form their own opinions on different issues. By learning how to give opinions, students can participate in discussions and debates, further enhancing their language skills.Lastly, students have learned how to make suggestions to improve a situation or solve a problem. By using phrases like "Why don't we..." or "We could...", students can offer solutions and contribute to group activities. This not only helps students collaborate with their peers, but also fosters a sense of teamwork and cooperation.Overall, Unit 8 of the first semester of English for Grade One has provided students with a solid foundation in expressing preferences, giving opinions, and making suggestions. These skills are not only essential for language learning, but also for developing critical thinking and communication abilities. By mastering the content of this unit, students can become more confident and proficient English speakers.。
unit 8.3 七下第八单元专题8.3 Grammar-七年级英语人教版(下册)
Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?一、There be句型1. 构成There be句型表示的是“某处有/存在某人或某物”,其结构为“There be(is,are)+名词+地点状语”。
There are forty-two students in our class.我们班有42名学生。
There is a pencil in my pencil-box.我的铅笔盒里有一支铅笔。
2. 各种句式(1)否定句:There be+not+名词+地点状语。
其中not也可以用no表示。
即:no+名词=not a/an/any+名词。
她的包里有个橘子。
There is an orange in her bag.→There is no orange in her bag.=There isn’t any/an orange in her bag.树上有几只鸟。
There are some birds in the tree.→There are no birds in the tree.=There aren’t any birds in the tree.(2)一般疑问句:Be there+名词+地点状语?回答:Yes, there be./No, there be+not.她的手提包里有点钱。
There is some money in her handbag.—Is there any money in her handbag?—Yes, there is./No, there isn’t.【注意】肯定句变为否定句或一般疑问句时,句中的some应改为any。
(3)特殊疑问句:①对There be结构中名词的数量提问:当对可数名词的量提问时用:How many+可数名词复数+are there +地点状语?当对不可数名词的量提问时用:How much+不可数名词+is there+地点状语?这条街上有40个商店。
七年级英语下册第八单元复习题
七年级英语下册第八单元复习题2017年七年级英语下册人教版第八单元复习题导语:鸟欲高飞先振翅,人求上进先读书。
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1. 从括号中选择恰当的介词填空(between, to, from, on, of)1. The library is across _______ my home.2. Tuesday is ________ Monday and Wednesday.3. Is the hospital next _______ the park or far ________ it?4. The restaurant is ________ the other side of the street.5. The supermarket is in front ________ the school.2. 单项选择1. Can you swim _______ the river?( )A. nearB. betweenC. fromD. across2.________ , where is the park?( )A. HiB. HelloC. Excuse meD. Excuse3.The hotel is ______ the bank.( )A. acrossB. fromC. across formD. next4.We ______ a big family.( )A. areB. haveC. hasD. there are5.There isn’t a restaurant ______ here. ( )A. inB. nearC. fromD. on6.----Thank you very much..( )----____________A. You’re welcome.B. Really?C. Nice to meet you.D. Thank you,too.7.----Is there a library in your school?( )----___________.A. Yes,it is.B. No,it isn’t.C. Yes,there is.D. No,there aren’t.8.----_______ is the park?( )----It’s on the right of the school.A.WhereB. WhatC. WhyD. How9. _______ any books on the desk?( )A. There isB. There areC. Is thereD. Are there10. _________ something wrong with my bike.Can I use yours?( )A. It isB. It wasC. There isD. There was3. 句型转换1.There is a bank near the library. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ near the library?2.There is a pay phone near the school.(改为一般疑问句)________ ________ a pay phone near the shool?3.The hotel is across from the bank. (对划线部分提问)____________ the hotel?4.There is a pen in my pencil case.(改为同义句)I ________ a pen in my pencil case.4. 阅读理解Johnson likes swimming in a small river near his house. But then his father goes to work in a big city and Johnson goes with his family . Their new house has a garden ,but the garden is very small Johnson is not very happy.“Is there a river near the house ?”he askes his father on the first morning .” No, there isn’t . But there is a big park near here. And there’s a pool in it. “ “We are going there this afternoon. “says his father. Johnson is happy.Johnson and his father go to the park in the afternoon. Johnson wants to walk near the pool. Ut he sees a sign . His fatherreads it to him: “Warning : This pool is dangerous.365 people fell into it. “Johanson looks into the pool carefully , then he says ,”I can’t see them.( )1.There is a _______ near Johnson’s new house.A. small riverB.big parkC. small gardenD. big pool( )2.John isn’t very happy because __________.A. there isn’t a big parkB. there’s a poolC. his father goes to work in a big cityD. there isn’t a river near the newhouse.( )3.There is a _______ near the pool.A. signB. riverC. gardenD. tree( )4.The warning tells people ________ near the pool.A to look into it B. not to swimC. to be carefulD. not to look into it( )5.Which isn’t right ?A. There isn’t a small river near Johnson’s house.B. Johnson’s father gets a new job in a big city.C. Johanson is afraid to walk near the poolD.Johnson goes to the big city with his father.6. 单项填空。
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内容(课题)Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?教学目的 1.掌握单元重要词汇及短语2. 掌握单元语法3.背诵课文以及对话重重点、难点课文中习惯用法和语法要点教学过程本单元单词及短语7. across from 8. be far from 9. on North Street 10. go along(the street) 11. turn right/ left12. at the first crossing 13. on the right14. go down 15. spend time 16. enjoy reading 17. in my neighborhood 18. be free19. in life 20. look like本单元重要句型1) pay phone 付费电话pay vi. 付款,后加for n.工资You can pay 10 yuan for the skirt.He gets his pay at the end of month.2) across from “在……对面”,相当于on the other side of / oppositeacross prep.从……的一遍到另一边,横过Let’s go across the bridge.5.excuse me这是情景交际中常出现的客套用语,可用于向对方提出请求、询问情况、问路等情况。
根据不同场景可以翻译为“劳驾”“请原谅”“对不起”“请问”等。
有以下几种情况:1)向陌生人问路时Excuse me. Where is the post office?2)向某人询问情况时Excuse me. Are you John?3)客气地请求(允许)Excuse me. May I ask you a question?4)在向别人提出要求前,想引起对方注意Excuse me. Listen to me, please.5)和某人谈话时,要出去一下或做一点别的事情。
Excuse me. Just a minute, please.6. -Is it next to the police station?-Yes, it is.1) next to “紧靠在……旁边;贴近;最接近”,其后常接表示场所、顺序的词。
Our house is next to the police station.区别near表示“在……附近”。
Wenzhou is near Lishui.2)7. The pay phone is between the post office and the library.between… and “在……和……之间”,只限于两者之间,可以是人或物。
The shop opens between 8 am and 5 pm.8. The pay phone is in font of the library.in front of “在……前面”,是指在某人或某物外部的前面,其反义词为behindHe sits in front of me.区别in the front of (在某物内部的前面)The teacher is having a class in the front of the classroom.9. It’s not too far from here.far from离……远,相当于far away from,通常不与具体数字连用,,若出现具体数字,常用away from。
My home is not far (away) from our school.The station is two km away from here.10. Turn right at the first crossing and the restaurant is on you left.Turn right/ left at the+序数词+crossing=take the +序数词+crossing on the right/left在第几个十字路口向右转/左转11. There is a zoo in my neighborhood.in the neighborhood 在附近(=near here)in the neighborhood of 在……的附近12. I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.1)watch sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事(强调所做的事情正在进行中)watch sb do sth. 观看某人做某事(所做的事为经常发生或已经做过的事情)I watched the girl helping others.We can watch the bird fly in the sky.2)around adv. 到处,周围look around 到处看around prep. 大约;在……周围13. They look like my friends and me when we fight.1)look like 看起来像He looks like his father.2)look like 还可以在句型“What does/do +主语+look like?”中,用来询问某人的外貌特征,“……看上去什么样?”--What does your brother look like?--He is shirt but smart.14. I like to spend time there on weekends.spend time/money on sth.在某事上花费时间或钱spend money/time (in) doing sth.花费时间或钱做某事语法讲解1.问路的交际用语(1)Excuse me, where's...? 劳驾,……在哪儿?(2)How can I get to...? 我怎样去……?(3)Which is the way to the...,please?去……是哪一条路?(4)Could you tell me how to get to the...,please?您能告诉我怎样去……吗?(5)How far is it? 有多远?(6)Which bus can I take? 我可以乘哪路车?2.指路的交际用语(1)It's over there on the left/ right. 在那儿左边/右边。
(2)It's next to the.../in front of the.../behind the.../outside the.../between...and...它在……的旁边/前面/后面/外面/之间。
(3)It's at the end of the street. 在路尾。
(4)Walk/ Go along/ down the road/ the street, and take the second turning on the left/ right.沿着这条路/街,然后在第二个转弯处朝左/右拐。
(5)You'd better take/ catch a bus. 你最好乘公共汽车。
(6)Go down this street until you reach the second traffic lights. 沿着这条街一直走到第二个交通灯那儿。
(7)At the end of the road you'll see the...至路尾你就会看到……(8)It will take you about half an hour. 大约要花半小时到那儿。
(9)Go across the bridge. 从桥上走过去。
(10)Go up this road to the end. 沿着这条路走到尽头。
(11)Turn left/right at the second crossing. 从第二个十字路口朝左/右拐。
(12)You won't miss it. 你不会错过的。
(13)It's about 15 minutes' walk. 步行大约15分钟。
如:—Excuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood?劳驾,请问这附近有宾馆吗?—Yes,there is.Just go straight and turn left.It's down Bridge Street on the right.It's next to a supermarket.有。
径直往前走,然后向左拐。
沿着大桥街走,在右边。
它在超市旁边。
—Excuse me,which is the way to the nearest post office?—Go along this street and you will see a school on your left. It's next to the school.________.A.You will pass it B.You won't miss itC.You don't lose it D.You can't see it练习一、根据首字母提示完成单词或所给单词适当形式填空1. Many students can enjoy f_______ lunch at school these days.2. The hotel is a______ from the bank.3. Is there a bookshop n_____ to the park?4. Is there a school in your n__________?5. There is a railway(铁路) b______ the two cities.6. My little brother enjoys _______ (watch) TV.7. Turn left at the third ________ (cross) and then you can find it.8. Excuse _____ (I). Please tell me the way to the bank.9. We often spend a lot of time ______ (read) English in the morning.10. He can answer these questions ______ (easy).二、单项选择1. Jackie Chan is _________ great actor. I really like his movies.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填2. ―Where is Wenzhou Zoo?―I've no idea. Why not find it _____ the map?A. atB. forC. ofD. on3. -_______ do you go to the English club?-Once a week.A. How oldB. How oftenC. How muchD. How many4. --Where is Grace?--She _____ in the yard.A. readsB. readC. is readingD. was reading5. --I’m going to Hainan on vacation next week.-- _.A. Have a good timeB. Not at allC. Thank youD. I have no idea6.―How can I go to the supermarket, Paul?―bike. It's not far from here.A. OnB. ByC. InD. With7. Peter is my best friend. He often helps ______ with science.A. meB. youC. himD. her8. -Where does your uncle work, Jack?-In a ________ in Paris. He is a policeman.A. TV stationB. book storeC. post officeD. police station9. ―people visit the 2010 Shanghai World Expo(上海世博会) every day?—About 300,000.A. How manyB. How muchC. How longD. How often10. We have to ____ ourselves when we are away from home.A. look atB. look forC. look upD. look after三、完形填空ABC RadioJim Green is an announcer(播音员)for the program. Most of the girls___1____ boys like the program. They ___2___like Jim Green. Some of them often make phone calls to him and thank him ___3___ his work. There are lots of ___4___ to him every day, too. Jim Green gets up at 6:00 every morning. He has bread and a glass of milk ___5___ breakfast. He leaves home at 6:30 and ___6___ his office at 7:15. The program ___7____ at 7:30.He plays the new records (唱片)of the pop songs and modern music for his listeners. At 8:00 it's time ____8____ the news. Jim finishes work at 10:30. He goes home ____9____ his car. He ___10___ newspaper and listens to music after supper. He thinks his life is very interesting.( )1.A and B with C but D about( )2.A too B to C also D so( )3.A to B for C of D and( )4.A letter B letters C friends D words( )5.A at B with C for D to( )6.A goes B gets C gets to D gets up( )7.A begins B finishes C over D start( )8.A to B for C of D in( )9.A by B in C on D takes( )10.A looks B reads C sees D watches四、任务型阅读五位中国学生想去世界名校学习,请仔细阅读第56-60题中的学生个人信息和他们的态度,然后从A至F六个选项中,帮助他们选择最合适的大学(其中一项为多余选项)。