2010年北京航空航天大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题解析

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2010年北京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语真题讲解

2010年北京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语真题讲解Part I1-5 BABDD6-8 BAA22-25 CDCA26-30 CDBBAPart IISection A: Passage one31-35 DADDBPassage two36-40 CDDDCPassage there41-45 ACDCBSection B:1, The published aeronautical data turned out to be unreliable, the Wright brothers had to build their own wind tunnel to test airfoils and measure empirically how to lift a flying machine into the sky.2, I was impressed most by Wright brothers ' amazing perseverance and creativity. For example, when they were impressed by their flying toy 's faltering across their living room, they started reading every book and paper they could find on the still earth-bound science of human flight.When the published aeronautical data turned out to be unreliable, the Wright brothers had to build their own wind tunnel to test airfoils and measure empirically how to lift a flying machine into the sky.3, The purpose of this article is to encourage readers to follow Wright flight paths and blaze our own in the 21st century.The tone of the passage is educational and inspiring.Part III WritingTranslation and Interpreting in the Global Age写作注意事项：1，准确概括出全球化时代下口笔译的重要性，陈述自己的观点2，文章第二大部分通过相关例子证明自己的观点，一定要条理清晰3，文章最后重申一下观点。

北京航空航天大学翻译硕士考研真题,考研参考书,考研经验,考研大纲

北京航空航天大学翻译硕士考研真题，考研真题解析第二部分思想道德修养与法律基础历年分析题2015年：（1）如何理解“法治关乎国家治理，更关乎百姓福祉”？（6分）（2）为什么“全面推进依法治国，必须坚持党的领导”（4分）2014年：(1)为什么说鹦哥岭的大学生选择的是“一种有远见的生活方式”？（6分）（2）怎样看待“理想很丰满，现实很骨感”这种说法？（4分）2013年：（1）从法律角度如何理解“我无权拒绝他们入内阅读，但你有权选择离开”？（2）图书馆想乞丐和拾荒者年费开放对我们处理人际关系有何启示？（5分）2012年：（1）基于“信义兄弟”这个事例，怎样理解诚信及其道德力量？（6分）（2）在法律关系中，为什么也要坚守诚信？（4分）2011年：（1）如何理解"给人温暖就是给自己幸福"？（6分）（2）为什么说郭明义的先进事迹是"简单中的伟大"？（4分）2010年：（1）为什么文明出行“既是道德呼唤，也是法律要求”？（2）我们应如何从自身做起，构建文明的公共生活秩序？第三部分分析题必备知识点解析必备知识点1：中国梦，是中华民族的振兴之梦，也是每一个大学生的成才之梦。

中国梦让生活在这个时代的大学生与祖国人民一起共同享有人生出彩的机会，共同享有梦想成真的机会，共同享有同祖国和时代一起成长与进步的机会。

大学生如何实现中国梦？再例如，大学生在实现自己的人生理想等问题上（如就业难）往往使得大学生理想受挫。

针对这些问题，当代大学生如何理解理想与现实的关系？如何正确对待理想实现过程中的顺境与逆境？相关知识点1：辩证地看待和处理理想与现实的矛盾。

1.理想和现实存在着对立的一面，理想受现实的规定和制约，不能脱离现实而幻想未来。

理想与现实的矛盾与冲突，属于“应然”和“实然”的矛盾。

假如理想与现实完全等同，那么理想的存在就没有意义。

2．理想与现实又是统一的，理想之树深深扎根于现实的沃土之中，理想是在对现实认识的基础上发展起来的。

2010年北京大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及解析

2010年北京大学翻译硕士考研真题及解析育明教育每年包揽近一半考生北大翻硕的考生，最近几年北大翻硕的题目难度虽然不高，但是阅卷很严格，导致北大翻硕复试线每年不是太高，一半是320-345分。

2010 年北京航空航天大学英语翻译基础考研真题及其答案解析

财教创办北大、人大、中、北外授训营对视频集、一一保分、、小班2010 年北京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题答案育明教育梁老师提醒广大考生:历年考研真题资料是十分珍贵的,研究真题有利于咱们从中分析出题人的思路和心态,因为每年专业课考试不管在题型还是在内容上都有很高的相似度，考研学子们一定要重视.有什么疑问可以随时联系育明教育梁老师,我会为根据各位考生的具体情况提供更加有针对性的指导。

第一部分：将下列术语翻译成中文，并用中文简单解释（本题共 15 分，每一题 1 分）。

1. Corpus 语料库：在语言学中，语料库指大量文本的集合，库中的文本（称为语料）通常经过整理，具有既定的格式与标记，特指计算机存储的数字化语料库。

语料库是语料库语言学研究的基础资源，也是经验主义语言研究方法的主要资源。

2. Commission 委托：把事情托付给别人或别的机构（办理）比如，当事人委托律师出庭辩护。

3. Adequacy 【语言学】①充分性(生成语法的一种选择规则，确认语法上是否达到三项标准：观察上的、描写上的和解释上的充分性)；②衡量充分性的标准(衡量语法对结构描述正确性的标准)4. Compensation 补偿：语言除了普遍性和相似性之外还有特殊性和差异性，所以在翻译时不可避免地有一些损失。

要想达到功能对等，就得对缺失的部分进行补偿，从而使两种文本读者反应相同。

5. Direct translation 直译即直接翻译，指一种与意译（翻译句子或词组意义上的）相对的翻译方式。

直译是既保持原文内容、又保持原文形式的翻译方法或翻译文字。

直译常常被用来翻译一些术语和成语 ,有时局限于一些简单句和科技术语翻译。

直译可以完全保持原作的风格和民族特色。

但直译必须具有可读性，也就是说，译品不会引起读者的误解，并且也不违反表达方式。

直译还适用于含有修辞的句子。

在某种程度上，直译不仅能保持原作的特点，而且还可使读者逐步接受原作的文学风格。

北京外国语大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2010年

北京外国语大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2010年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.UNESCO（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization)) 解析：2.NASA（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(美国宇航局(National Aeronautics and Space Administration))解析：3.Diet of Japan（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(日本国会)解析：4.FDI（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(外商直接投资(Foreign Direct Investment))解析：TV (not 中国中央电视台)（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(闭路电视(close-circuit television))解析：6.FBI（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(美国联邦调查局(Federal Bureau of Investigation))解析：7.GM crop（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(转基因作物)解析：8.IAEA（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency))解析：9.opportunity cost（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(机会成本)解析：10.Keynesians（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(凯恩斯主义者)解析：11.The Tories（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(英国保守党(托利党))解析：12.the State Department in Washington（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(位于华盛顿的美国国务院)解析：13.the Treasury Department of the U.S.（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(美国财政部)解析：14.protectionism（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(保护主义)解析：15.Balance of Payments（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(收支平衡)解析：二、Ⅱ(总题数：15，分数：15.00)16.中国特色社会主义（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(socialism with Chinese characteristics)解析：17.科学发展观（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(scientific outlook on development)解析：18.全面建设小康社会（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(to build China into a moderately prosperous country in an all-round way)解析：19.以人为本（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(put people first)解析：20.宏观经济调控（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(microeconomic control)解析：21.自主创新能力（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(independent innovation capacity)解析：22.完善人民币汇率形成机制（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(perfection of the RMB exchange rate regime)解析：23.中西医并重（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(emphasize on the importance of the traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine) 解析：24.突发事件应急管理机制（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(emergency response mechanism)解析：25.港人治港（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong)解析：26.构建两岸关系和平发展框架（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(establish a framework for peaceful development of cross-straits relations)解析：27.知足常乐（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(enough is as good as a feast)解析：28.水火无情（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(fire and water have no mercy)解析：29.祸从口出（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(out of the mouth Collies evil)解析：30.一蹶不振（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(collapse after one setback)解析：三、Ⅲ(总题数：2，分数：60.00)31.Acting recently as an expert witness in a murder trial, I became aware of a small legal problem caused by the increasingly multicultural nature of our society. According to English law, a man is guilty of murder if he kills someone with the intention either to kill or to injure seriously. But he is guilty of the lesser crime of manslaughter if he has been sufficiently provoked or if his state of mind at that time was abnormal enough to reduce his responsibility. The legal test here is a comparison with the supposed ordinary man—the man on the Clapham omnibus, as the legal Cliché has it. Would that ordinary person feel provoked under similar circumstances? Was the accused's state of mind at the time of the killing very different from that of an average man?（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(最近，我以专家证人的身份出席了一场谋杀案的审判，由此注意到一个由社会本质日益多元化造成的细微法律问题。

2010年北京航空航天大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷.doc

2010年北京航空航天大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.metonymy（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.diachronic linguistics（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.concordance（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.interlanguage（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.acronym（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.allophones（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ positionality（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.perlocutionary act（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.cohesion（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.contrastive analysis（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________二、简答题(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.What are the two objectives of sociolinguistics?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.What are the three definitions of relevance made by Relevance Theory?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.What is the cognitive interpretation of image schema?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.What is your understanding of Systemic Functional Grammar?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.Summarize the characteristics of basic level categories.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 16.What makes language unique to human beings?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.What are the contributions made by the Prague School?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 18.How could you understand "register" in systematic functional linguistics?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 19.How would you comment on Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 20.There are two English expressions;A. I"m a student, aren"t I?B. I"m a student, amn"t I? Which is more authentic? Why?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。

北京航空航天大学翻译硕士考研真题,考研经验,考研大纲,复试分数线

北京航空航天大学翻译硕士考研真题--百科知识解析1.7地理自然1.7.1考研真题及详解1.1935年红军长征胜利到达陕北，毛泽东写下了七律《长征>:“红军不怕远征难，万水千山只等闲。

五岭逶迤腾细浪，乌蒙镑礴走泥丸。

金沙水拍云崖暖，大渡桥横铁索寒。

更喜岷山千里雪，三军过后尽开颜。

”其中的“暖、寒、雪”，从地理学角度看，可以理解从金沙江到岷山的特点是（）。

（北航2010翻译硕士）A.日照时间渐短，雨雪天汽增多B.先后跨越热带、温带、寒带C.地势起伏大，气候垂直变化显著D.途经半干旱地区、半湿润地区、湿润地M【解析】红军长征路线如图1-1所示，从金沙江到岷山，在地理位置上是从南向北的过程，我国属北半球，由南向北日照时间渐短。

分析可知，BCD三项均不符合我国地理情况。

2.在建筑保温材料还没有普及应用的时代，从大西洋沿岸向东至俄罗斯，欧洲传统民居的墙壁厚度冇一定的变化规律。

英国南部墙厚为23厘米；德国西部墙厚为26厘米；波兰中部墙厚为51厘米；俄罗斯西部墙厚为73厘米。

该现象反映出的关系是（）。

（北航2010翻译硕士）A.文化景观与水文要素B.文化景观与地貌要素C.文化景观与气候要素D.文化景观与人文环境【解析】根据题干分析可知，从大西洋沿岸向东至俄罗斯在地理上经度不断变化，气候产生明显变化，所以墙厚度变化反映出人文景观与气候要素变化的关系。

3.美国领土居世界第儿位？（）（湖南大学2010翻译硕士〉A.第一位B.第二位C.第三位D.第四位【解析】当代世界各国领土面积排名前五位依次为：①俄罗斯1707.5;②加拿大997.1;③中国960.1；④美国936.4;⑤巴西854.7。

（单位：万平方公里）A.俄罗斯的（）这一名称不是从环绕它的砖头的颜色衍生而来，也不是从红色和共产主义之间的联系衍生而来，而是根据俄文单词KpacHalUkrasnaya)而来，意指“美丽的”，原先用于描述华西里教堂，并随后转移至邻近的广场。

北京航空航天大学翻译硕士MTI考研辅导班真题答案解析

2010年北京航空航天大学翻译硕士MTI考研辅导班真题答案解析各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

基础英语·答案详解Part 1: Grammar and Vocabulary.01. The zodiac is used by astrologers to help calculate the influence of the planets on people’s lives.句义：占星家通过黄道十二宫来计算行星对人们生活的影响。

答案：B考点：词义辨析分析：A. zephyr 微风B. zodiac 黄道十二宫C. zyme 酶D. zest 热情02. It’s a haphazard timetable, Sometimes lessons happen, sometimes they don’t.句义：这是一个随机的时间表，有时有课，有时没课。

答案：A考点：词义辨析分析：A. haphazard 随意的, 无计划的B. odious 可恶的C. haughty 傲慢的D. handicapped 残废的03. The poor man’s clothes were so ragged that they couldn’t be repaired any more.句义：这个穷人的衣服破烂到无法修补。

答案：B考点：词义辨析分析：A. oozed 渗出的B. ragged 衣衫褴褛的C, mopped 擦拭的D. mocked 嘲笑的04. The actor amused the audience by mimicking some well-known people.句义：这个演员通过模仿名人来娱乐观众。

答案：D考点：词义辨析分析：A. embroidering 绣花。

北京航空航天大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题参考答案2010-2019

2010年北京航空航天大学211翻译硕士英语真题参考答案Part Ⅰ. V ocabulary (30 points)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1. The _____ is used by astrologers to help calculate the influence of the planets on people’s lives.A. zephyrB. zodiacC. zymeD. zest【答案】B2. It’s a _____ timetable. Sometimes lessons happen, sometimes they don’t.A. haphazardB. odiousC. haughtyD. handicapped【答案】A3. The poor man’s clothes were so _____ that they couldn’t be repaired any more.A. oozedB. raggedC. moppedD. mocked【答案】B4. The actor amused the audience by _____ some well-known people.A. embroideringB. riggingC. yelpingD. mimicking【答案】D5. No men was allowed to _____ on the livelihood of his neighbor.A. wadeB. invokeC. muffleD. infringe【答案】D6. The machinery had been wrecked so efficiently that police were sure it was a case of _____.A. vagabondB. sabotageC. paradoxD. tachyon【答案】B7. The island is maintained as a _____ for endangered species.8. The hunter kept the lion’s skin and head as _____.A. trophiesB. filletC. tulipD. clown【答案】A9. If you _____ something, such as food or drink, you reduce its quality or make it weaker, for example by adding water to it.A. adulterateB. moorC. vaccinateD. sue【答案】A10. The orphanage is just one of her _____ causes.A. phoneticB. philanthropicC. prevalentD. lunatic【答案】B11. Many animals display _____ instincts only while their offspring are young and helpless.A. cerebralB. imperiousC. ruefulD. maternal【答案】D12. The guests, having eaten until they were_____, now listened inattentively to the speakers.A. contradictedB. satiatedC. gripedD. trespassed【答案】B13. While she had the fever, she _____ for hours.A. ravedB. sniggeredC. titteredD. perforated【答案】A14. If you spill hot liquid on your skin it will _____ you.15. The mice _____ when the cat came.A. rambledB. lingeredC. saunteredD. scampered【答案】D16. The chimney is no longer _____ volumes of waste gas into atmosphere, as protective filters are being used.A. giving awayB. giving offC. giving inD. giving up【答案】B17. At three o’clock _____ a cold morning, he arrived here.A. inB. atC. onD. of【答案】C18. I’m sure dirty, _____?A. am IB. aren’t IC. isn’t ID. am not I【答案】B19. _____, there is no place like home, wherever you go.A. It may be humbleB. As humble it may beC. Humble it may beD. Humble as it may be【答案】D20. But for his help, I _____.A. did not succeedB. had not succeededC. should not have succeededD. have not succeeded【答案】C21. Try and calm yourself, _____ your mind will be easy again.A. and【答案】A22. The price of the real estate in this area may _____ to unexpected values, so everyone should be conscious of themaximum price that he would want to pay for a particular property.A. staggerB. stinkC. soarD. suspend【答案】C23. Contrary to popular belief, epidemics do not occur _____ after a natural disaster.A. spontaneouslyB. simultaneouslyC. homogeneouslyD. instantaneously【答案】D24. Immigration from countries and cultures that are _____ with the cultural core of this nation has been generallyprohibited.A. interiorB. invisibleC. incompatibleD. integral【答案】C25. This course is designed to help children _____ such real life situations as separation and loss.A. cope withB. settle downC. intervene inD. interfere with【答案】A26. Foreign language teachers of this university are busy designing a test of spoken English to _____ the original writtenexamination.A. contaminateB. complimentC. complementD. coordinate【答案】C27. Idlers, no matter how poor they are, are always _____ at finding reasons not to take action to improve their livingconditions.A. intrinsicB. ingeniousC. initialD. inherent【答案】BA. compensateB. contemplateC. jeopardizeD. manifest【答案】B29. Although the resistance groups do not show great military _____, they frequently penetrate deep into the interior.A. prowessB. prowlC. psalmD. psyche【答案】A30. The Great _____ in the USA is 1900 meters deep and 25 kilometers wide at its maximum.A. CanyonB. FordC. AbyssD. Quarry【答案】APart Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section ADirections:There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. (30 points)Passage OneQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.“When more and more people are thrown out of work, unemployment results,” Calvin Coolidge once observed. As the U. S. economy crumbles, Coolidge’s silly maxim might appear to be as apt as ever: the number of unemployment insurance claims is rising, and overall joblessness is creeping upw ard. But in today’s vast and complex labor market, things aren’t always what they seem. More and more people are indeed losing their jobs but not necessarily because the economy appears to be in recession. And old-fashioned unemployment isn’t the inevitabl e result of job loss. New work, at less pay, often is.Call it new-wave unemployment: structural changes in the economy are overlapping the business downturn, giving joblessness a grim new twist. Small wonder that the U. S. unemployment rate is rising. Now at 5.7 percent, it is widely expected to edge toward 7 percent by the end of next year. But statistics alone can’t fully capture a complex reality. The unemployment rate has been held down by slow growth in the labor force—the number of people working or looking for work—since few people sense attractive job opportunities in a weak economy. In addition, many more people are losing their jobs than are actually ending up unemployed. Faced with hungry mouths to feed, thousands of women, for example, are taking two or more part-time positions or agreeing to shave the hours they work in service-sector jobs. For better and for worse, work in America clearly isn’t what it used to be. Now unemployment isn’t, either.Like sour old wine in new bottles, this downturn blends a little of the old and the new reflecting a decade’s worth of change in the dynamic U. S. economy. Yet, in many respects the decline is following the classic pattern, with new layoffs concentrated among blue-collar workers in the most “cyclical” in dustries, whose ups and downs track the economy most closely.As the downturn attracts attention on workers’ ill fortunes, some analysts predict that political upheaval may lie ahead. Real wages for the average U. S. worker peaked in 1973 and have been falling almost ever since. As a result, a growing group of downwardly mobile Americans could soon begin pressing policymakers to help produce better-paying31. Why does the author refer to Coolidge’s maxim as silly?A. More and more people are applying for unemployment insurance.B. Unemployment rate is not likely to rise quickly nowadays.C. Losing jobs doesn’t necessarily lead to unemployment.D. Today’s labor market is much too complicated than Coolidge’s time.32. According to the passage, the unemployment rate has been kept under limits because _____.A. the number of the people in the work force slowly increasesB. very few people really lose their original jobsC. less and less people are out finding new jobsD. the government has taken strong measures to control the unemployment rate33. According to the passage, under the great pressure of life, many women _____.A. will do a part-time job along with the full-time jobB. would rather stay at home than apply for a part-time positionC. would be fired if they cannot finish the job quicklyD. will agree to have their working hours shortened if required34. The present downturn is similar to traditional ones in that _____.A. we can never predict which way the economy will headB. the economic prospects have been unfavorable for 10 yearsC. the government has done relatively little to intervene the marketD. physical laborers are the chief victims of the economic decline35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Blue-collar workers are given less and less wages in recent years.B. The unemployment problem may lead to serious social problems.C. The unemployment problem will probably become less serious in no time.D. The government will create more jobs with better pay in the near future.【答案解析】31. D 由文章第一段第三句“But in today’s vast...what they seem.”可知，在当今社会造成失业人口增加的原因是复杂的。

2010年北京大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及解析

但是北大翻硕的难度，报录比一半是1:10.翻译硕士英语一、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）Outside Europe, the most important powers in 1939 were undoubtedly Japan and the United States. Japan was at the time already deeply involved in hostilities with China. After seizing the northern provinces of that country in 1931 and organizing them into the puppet state of Manchukuo, Japan had tried to protect its rich loot and to expand its influence in China by a series of interventions, particularly in the rest of northern China. These steps had not surprisingly produced a rising tide of anti-Japanese sentiments in China, which in turn led the Japanese to embroil themselves even more deeply into Chinese affairs. When this tendency to interfere in China was combined with a degree of internal confusion and incoherence within the Japanese government that made the Chinese warlords of the time look well organized, new trouble was almost certain to follow. (141 words)二、将下列短文译为汉语（50分）Inflation: China’s least wanted export.When inflation starts to kill people then it is a serious problem. Three people died and 31 were injured on Saturday in a stampede to buy cut-price cooking oil in the western Chinese city of Chongqing. China can no longer explain away inflation as a short-term result of floods and epidemics of animal disease ? nor can it ignore the strains its macroeconomic policies are producing.Cooking oil is a special case ? its price influenced by demand from China’s glut of new biofuel refineries ? but the broader price of food has risen in recent months by more than 15 per cent compared with a year earlier. Floods and other acts of Godhave had their effect, as has the global rise in wheat prices, but there are structural forces at work as well.Nor is inflation confined to food any longer: producer prices are creeping up. The PPI for manufactured goods was up 3.2 per cent in October ? many steel products rose by more than 10 per cent ? and the PPI is likely to go even higher when the recent 10 per cent hike in the controlled pump price of diesel feeds through. Given the likelihood that more state-controlled prices will have to rise, and given that the official inflation data do not properly capture important prices, such as the cost of education, the real situation may be even worse.That is a worry for the rest of the world, used to enjoying the “China price”, a seemingly open-ended deflationary pressure on the world economy. The surge in Chinese inflation since June has barely fed through into export prices yet ? but it will. China’s currency has also been gently appreciating, but so far improvement s in productivity have meant that Chinese manufacturers have not needed to raise export prices. If currency appreciation speeds up, that will change.The renminbi may have to rise faster because the tools that China is using to tackle inflation have not worked. Bank reserve requirements were hiked again over the weekend, to 13.5 per cent, but the strain on the banking sector’s profitability will start to tell. Interest rates have risen repeatedly, but with CPI inflation above 6 per cent, and benchmark lending rates only slightly higher, real interest rates are low.There must now be a low, but non-zero, probability that China opts for a one-off revaluation of the renminbi in order to ease its domestic monetary problems. That would be the right move. The adjustment would be easier both for China and for the rest of the world if the renminbi had not been kept so low for so long. But the pain of unwinding global imbalances will only get worse the longer they are left. (551 words)三、将下列段落译为英语（25分）科学发展观是协调的发展观。

北京航空航天大学2010年MTI英语翻译基础答案

北京航空航天大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试试题英语翻译基础考生注意：所有答案务必书写在考场提供的答题纸上，写在本试题单上的答题一律无效（本题单不参与阅卷）。

第一部分：将下列术语翻译成中文，并用中文简单解释（本题共15分，每一题1分）。

1.Corpus语料库mission委托3.Adequacy充分性pensation补偿5.Direct translation直接翻译6.Dubbing配音7.Terminology术语8.Transliteration音译9.FIT国际译联10.Addition增加11.Sublanguage子语言12.Translatability可译性13.MT机器翻译14.Version版本15.Transcription注音第二部分：将下列术语翻译成英文，并用英文简单解释（本题共15分，每一题1分）。

1.重写rewritng2.翻译单位translation unit3.地道翻译idiomatic translation4.词对词翻译word-for-word translation5.对应correspondence6.工具型翻译instrumental translation7.归化domestication8.回译back-translation9.会议传译conference interpreting10.伪翻译pseudo translation11.经纪人agent12.可接受性acceptability13.目的语goal language14.受控语言controlled language15.文体对等stylistic eqivalence第三部分：英译汉（本题共60分，第一段25分，第二段25分）。

2010年北京外国语大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题答案解析

村世界三大宗教川端康成欧盟诺曼底登陆
南北战争
经济泡沫
才思教育考研考博全心全意
并为后来许多中国的历史学家所继承，普遍认为这四种发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用，且这些发明经由各种途径传至西方，对世界文明发展也产生了很大影响。指古代文明的发源地中国、古印度、古埃及和古巴比伦。万里长城、京杭大运河、新疆坎儿井。世界地球日（World Earth Day）即每年的 4 月 22 日，是一项世界性的环境保护活动。该活动最初在 1970 年的美国由盖洛德·尼尔森和丹尼斯·海斯发起，随后影响越来越大。2009 年第 63 届联合国大会决议将每年的 4 月 22 日定为“世界地球日”，活动旨在唤起人类爱护地球、保护家园的意识，促进资源开发与环境保护的协调发展，进而改善地球的整体环境。中国从 20 世纪 90 年代起，每年都会在 4 月 22 日举办世界地球日活动。译为世界村（global village），对地球的一种比喻说法。现代科技的迅速发展，缩小了地球上的时空距离，国际交往日益频繁便利，因而整个地球就如同是茫茫宇宙中的小村落。基督教、伊斯兰教与佛教并称为世界三大宗教。基督教形成于亚洲的西部，目前主要集中分布在欧洲、美洲和大洋洲。伊斯兰教主要在亚洲、非洲传播，以西亚、北非、中亚、南亚为主。佛教主要分布在亚洲的东部和东南部。日本新感觉派作家，著名小说家。1899 年 6 月 14 日生于大阪，代表作有《伊豆的舞女》、《雪国》、《千只鹤》等。1968 年获诺贝尔文学奖。1972 年 4 月 16 日在工作室自杀身亡。他已有多部作品在中国翻译出版。欧洲联盟（英文：European Union），简称欧盟（EU），总部设在比利时首都布鲁塞尔，是由欧洲共同体（European Community）发展而来的。1993 年 11 月 1 日，随着《马斯特里赫特条约》正式生效，欧盟正式诞生。诺曼底登陆是第二次世界大战中盟军在欧洲西线战场发起的一场大规模攻势，战役发生在 1944 年 6 月 6 日早 6 时 30 分。这次作战行动的代号 Operation Overlord。这场战役在 8 月 19 日渡过塞纳—马恩省河后结束。诺曼底战役是目前为止世界上最大的一次海上登陆作战，牵涉接近三百万士兵渡过英吉利海峡前往法国诺曼底。南北战争，又称美国内战（American Civil War），是美国历史上一场大规模的内战，参战双方为美利坚合众国（简称“联邦”）和美利坚联盟国（简称“邦联”）。这场战争的起因为美国南部十一州以亚伯拉罕·林肯于 1861 年就任总统为由而陆续退出联邦，另成立以杰斐逊·戴维斯为“总统”的政府，并驱逐驻扎南方的联邦军，而林肯下令攻打“叛乱”州。此战不但改变当日美国的政经情势，导致奴隶制度在美国南方被最终废除，也对日后美国的民间社会产生巨大的影响。所谓经济泡沫，指的是由于局部的投机需求（虚假需求）使资产的市场价格脱离资产内在价值的部分。它实质是与经济基础条件相背离的资产价格膨胀。

2010北航北京航空航天大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题

15.宪法附则是指宪法对于特定事项需要特殊规定而做出的附加条款，下列关于宪法附则的表述错误的一项是：A：附则是宪法的一部分，因而其法律效力当然应与一般条款相同。

B：附则是宪法的特定条款，因而仅对特定事项具有法律效力C：附则是宪法的临时条款，因而仅在特定的时限内具有法律效力。

D：附则是宪法的特别条款，根据特别法优于普通法的原则，因而其法律效力高于宪法一般条款。

17.我国《合同法》第十四条规定：要约是希望和他人订立合同的意思表示，该意思表示应当符合下列规定：（一）内容具体确定。

（二）表明受要约人承诺，要约人即受该意思表示约束，下列选项中，属于要约的一项是：A:某企业在报刊刊登的商业广告B某股份有限公司发布的招股说明书C某商场向居民小区散发的商品价目表D某单位向经销商发出订购50台最新配置的某品牌的订货单18.下列有关天文学知识的叙述不正确的一项是：A公元16世纪中期，波兰天文学家哥白尼的著作《天体运行论》出版，由此确立了地心体系。

B公元17世纪初期，意大利科学家伽利略制成第一架天文望远镜。

C公元17世纪后期，英国物理学家牛顿的《自然哲学的数学原理》发表，发表万有引力理论，奠定经典力学的基础，天体力学由此诞生。

D公元18世纪初期，英国天文学家哈雷发现了一颗周期彗星，大约每75到76年回归一次，并成功地预测该彗星将于1759年再度回归，该彗星后来命名为哈雷彗星19.生产决定消费，消费对生产具有必要的反作用。

下列选项中，体现消费对生产具有重要反作用的一项是：A数字技术的发展为人们提供了试听效果更完美的产品B随着收入水平的不断提高,旅游成为人们生活的一部分C网上购物方式不仅方便了消费者，并且降低了企业成本D人们对健康的关注，推动了绿色食品业的迅速发展第三页中不清楚的部分Every country with a monetary system of its own has to have some kind of market in which dealers in bills,notes,and other forms of short term credit can buy and sell.The”money market”is a set of institutions or arrangements for handling what might be called wholesale transactions in money and short term credit.The need for such facilities arises in much the same way that a similar need does in connection with the distribution of any of the products of a diversified economy to their final users at the retail level.If the retailer is to provide reasonably adequate service to his customers,he must have active contacts with others who specialize in making or handling bulk quantities of whatever is his stock in trade.The money market is made up of specialized facilities of exactly this kind.It exists for the purpose of improving the ability of the retailers of financial services—commercial banks,savings institutions,investment houses,lending agencies,and even governments—to do their job.It has little if any contact with the individuals or firms who maintain accounts with these various retailers or purchase their securities or borrow from them.。

北京航空航天大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题,考研参考书,考研经验,考研大纲

北京航空航天大学翻译硕士考研真题--百科知识解析1.7地理自然1.7.1考研真题及详解1.7.2典型题及详解1.“五岳”中的南岳指的是（）。

A.恒山B.衡山C.黄山D.庐山【解析】五岳是远古山神崇拜、五行观念和帝王封禅相结合的产物，它们以象征中华民族的高大形象而名闻天下。

五岳为东岳泰山、西岳华山、南岳衡山、北岳恒山和中岳嵩山。

2.关于我国的出土文物，下列说法正确的是（）。

A.湖南长沙马王堆汉墓出土了素纱禅衣A.西安附近出土了大量殷商时期的刻有文字的龟甲和兽骨B.越王勾践剑是战国时期兵器冶炼技术的杰出成果C.洛阳出土的唐三彩以红、蓝、白三种颜色为主【解析】A项，1972年长沙马王堆一号汉墓出土了重量仅49克的素纱禅衣；B项，大量殷商时期的刻有文字的龟甲和兽骨是在河南安阳附近出土的；C项，越王勾践剑采用了硫化技术，千年不锈是春秋时期兵器冶炼技术的杰出成果；D项，唐三彩的基本釉色是黄、白、绿三种颜色。

3.近代奥林匹克运动会首次举办的时间和举办城市是（）。

A.1896年，雅典B.1898年，雅典C.1896年，巴黎D.1898年，巴黎【解析】夏季奥运会，简称奥运会，每4年举办一届。

夏季奥运会沿袭古奥运会旧制，不管运动会举办与否，届次照算。

自18%年在雅典举行第1届奥运会起，到2008年北京奥运会止，共29届。

中国成功举办了第29届北京奥运会。

4.目前，我国已拥有世界遗产28处，其中不属于世界文化遗产的是（>。

A.布达拉宫B.庐山C.云冈石窟D.九寨沟【解析】世界遗产包括世界文化遗产、世界自然遗产、世界文化与自然遗产、文化景观及记忆遗产和人类口述和非物质遗产。

D项，1992年12月九寨沟根据自然遗产评选标准被列入《世界遗产名录》，是自然遗产，ABC H项是文化遗产。

5.含羞草的感应性对它生存的主要意义是（）。

A.防止埤伤枝叶B•利用其捕食昆虫C.利于水分运输D.利于体内有机物的分配【解析】含羞草为豆科多年生草本或亚灌木，它所具有的感应性是指在受到外力作用时，它的叶子会自动合拢，可见是为了防止损伤枝叶。

2010年北京航空航天大学硕士研究生入学考试试题英语翻译基础

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2010年北京航空航天大学硕士研究生入学考试试题英语翻译基础考生注意：所有答案务必书写在考场提供的答题纸上，写在本试题单上的答题一律无效(本题单不参与阅卷)。

第一部分：将下列术语翻译成中文，并用中文简单解释(本题共15分，每一题1分)。

1.Corpusmission3.Adequacypensation5.Directtranslation6.Dubbing7.Terminology8.Transliteration9.FIT10.Addition11.Sublanguage12.Translatability13.MT14.Version15.Transcription第二部分：将下列术语翻译成英文，并用英文简单解释(本题共15分，每一题1分)。

1.重写2.翻译单位3.地道翻译4.词对词翻译5.对应6.工具型翻译7.归化8.回译9.会议传译10.伪翻译11.经纪人12.可接受性13.目的语14.受控语言15.文体对等第三部分：英译汉(本题共60分，第一段25分，第二段25分)。

1Evendiscussionsofarchitecturalestheticshavetakenastrangeturn.TheBloombergTowerisnowfinish ed,dominatingtheskylineinoneareaofmidtownmanhattan;loveitorhateit,it'squiteabuilding."Ijustw ishitwasn'tsotall",someonelamentedatdinner.ThecitizensofNewYork,wholiveinthespiritualhomeo ftheskyscraper,nowfeartheofficetowerandthehigh-rise.InSanFranciscotheybuildstructuresthatare earth-quakeproof.Butthere'snostructuralsteel,noreinforcedfoundation,thatcanwardofffear.It'sbe ennearlyfiveyearssinceanareainthesouthernmostpartofManhattanwasrenamedGroundZero.OnS eptember11,2001,NewYorkbecameacityofsurvivors.That'sonaslidingscale,ofcourse:itwouldbeani nsulttoclaimotherwise.2Everycountrywithamonetarysystemofitsownhastohavesomekindofmarketinwhichdealersinbills,n otes,andotherformsofshorttermcreditcanbuyandsell.The"monkeymarket"isasetofinstitutionsorar rangementsforhandlingwhatmightbecalledwholesaletransactionsinmoneyandshorttermcredit.Th eneedforsuchfacilitiesarisesinmuchthesamewaythatasimilarneeddoesinconnectionwiththedistrib utionofanyoftheprocuorsofadiversifiedeconomytotheirfinalusersattheretaillevel.Iftheretaileristo providereasonablyadequateservicetohiscustomers,hemusthaveactivecontactswithotherswhospe cializeinmakingorhandlingbulkquantitiesofwhateverishisstockintrade.Themoneymarketismadeup ofspecializedfacilitiesofexactlythiskind.Itexistsforthepurposeofimprovingtheabilityoftheretailerso ffinancialservices--commercialbanks,savingsinstitutions,investmenthouses,lendingagencies,ande vengovernments--todotheirjob.Ithaslittleifanycontactwiththeindividualsorfirmswhomaintainacco untswiththesevariousretailersorpurchasetheirsecuritiesorborrowfromthem.第四部分：汉译英(本题共60分，第一段40分，第二段20分)。