吉林大学考博英语04-08试题及答案
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：13
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题As an important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public（） as offering tremendous benefits.问题1选项A.similarlyB.the sameC.a likeD.likewise【答案】C【解析】考查近义词。
四个选项均有“相似地，相同地”意思，根据句意“警察和民众都认为警察快速反应机制将会带来巨大利益”，在句中，as 与seen搭配，表示“被看作”的意思，因此空格处应该填入形容词，其中A与D为副词，不符合题意。
As the same虽然可以搭配，但是不符合句子结构，所以选项C 符合题意。
2.单选题Some British universities are state-supported, others are privately（） and still others are supported by religious origination.问题1选项A.ensuredB.attributedC.authorizedD.endowed【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
ensure “保证，确保”；attribute “归属，把··· ···归于”；authorize “批准，认可”；endow “资助，捐赠”。
根据前半句句意“一些英国大学是政府创建的”，后半句“其他有些由宗教组织资助”，可以推出空格处要填入support的同义词，所以选项D符合题意。
3.单选题It is a common theme of many science fiction stories that the world may one day be （）by beings from the outer space.问题1选项A.run overB.filled inC.taken overD.broken in【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：90
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Many old houses have been（） in order that new big buildings may be built.问题1选项A.leveledB.collapsedC.demolishedD.felled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
level “使同等；对准；弄平”；collapse “倒塌；瓦解”，一般做不及物动词，无被动形式；demolish “拆除；破坏”；fell “砍伐；打倒；击倒”。
句意：为了修建新的建筑，很多老房子被拆除了。
选项C符合题意。
2.单选题Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication （）the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.问题1选项A.in whichB.in this wayC.in thatD.in order that【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。
空格后面是一个完整的句子，不缺任何主要成分。
in which 引导定语从句，可以排除；in this way “以··· ···的方式”，不符合题意。
in that 在句中引导原因状语从句，符合句意：广告与其他的交流方式不同，因为广告人需要为要发表的信息付费。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题The boy answered all my questions with complete （）.问题1选项A.insuranceB.securityC.assuranceD.safety【答案】C【解析】考察名词词义辨析。
insurance“保险，保险费”；security“安全，保证”；assurance “保证，担保，确信”；safety “安全，保险”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷13
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The （）of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually makes jobs easier to do.问题1选项A.additionB.applicationC.associationD.affection【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
addition “添加”；application “应用；申请”；association “协会；联盟”；affection “感情；影响”。
句意：新的科学发现应用在工业生产上使得工作更容易。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题The great use of school education is not so much to teach you things（）to teach you the art of learning.问题1选项A.thanB.rather thanC.norD.as【答案】D【解析】考查固定用法。
Not so much…as 表示“不是··· ···而是··· ···”。
句意：学校教育的重大作用不是教给你什么而是教给你学习的方法。
选项D符合题意。
3.单选题The roof（） under the weight of the snow.问题1选项A.fellB.submergedC.collapsedD.descended【答案】C4.单选题Many years ago, a lot of factories were（） from big cities to the mountainous areas in case of war.问题1选项A.transferredB.transformedC.transmittedD.transported【答案】A【解析】考查形似动词词义辨析。
吉林大学考博英语真题精解
吉林大学考博英语真题精解Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question.The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.Sad to say,this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.But the sources of distrust go way deeper.Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates（patterns）into which they plug each day's events.In other words,there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers,which helps explain why the standard templates of the newsroom seem alien to many readers.In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle size cities around the country,plus one large metropolitan area.Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.Replies show that compared with other Americans,journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods,have maids,own Mercedeses,and trade stocks,and they're less likely to go to church,do volunteer work,or put down roots in a community.Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite,so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite.The astonishing distrust of the news media isn't rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.This is an explosive situation for any industry,particularly a declining one.Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers.Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers.But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about.If it did,it would open up its diversity program,now focused narrowly on race and gender,and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook,values,education,and class.59.What is the passage mainly about?[A]Needs of the readers all over the world.[B]Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers.[C]Origins of the declining newspaper industry.[D]Aims of a journalism credibility project.60.The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be________.[A]quite trustworthy[B]somewhat contradictory[C]very illuminating[D]rather superficial61.The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their________.[A]working attitude[B]conventional lifestyle[C]world outlook[D]educational background62.Despite its efforts,the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its________.[A]failure to realize its real problem[B]tendency to hire annoying reporters[C]likeliness to do inaccurate reporting[D]prejudice in matters of race and gender重点词汇：journalism/5dVE：nElizEm/（新闻；新闻业）即journal+ism，journal （期刊；日志），-ism后缀。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第15期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Since you changed lanes without signaling, you are as much to（）for the accident as us. 问题1选项A.blameB.accusationC.condemnationD.charge【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
blame“责任，过失”；accusation“指责，谴责”；condemnation “谴责，定罪”；charge “控告，控诉”。
句意：由于你变道前没开转向灯，你就应该像我们一样对这次事故负责。
选项A符合题意。
2.单选题Communication is the process of a message（） from a source to an audience via a channel.问题1选项A.shiftingB.transmittingC.submittingD.transforming【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
shift “转移；改变；替换”；transmit “传输；传播”；submit “使服从；呈递”；transform “改变，使变形；转换”。
句意：通信是消息通过渠道从出处传播给观众的过程。
选项B符合题意。
3.单选题Some sports equipment requires a special（） .问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
insulation “绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation “保存，保留”；snap “猛咬，劈啪声”；grip “紧握，柄，支配”。
句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。
选项B符合题意。
4.单选题The phrase “progressive education” is one, if not protest, at least of contrast, of contrast with an education which was predominantly static in subject-matter, authoritarian in methods, and mainly passive and receptive from the side of the young. But the philosophy of education must go beyond any idea of education that is formed by way of contrast, reaction and protest, for it is an attempt to discover what education is and how it takes place. Only when we identify education with schooling does it seem to be a simple thing to tell what education actually is, and yet a clear idea of what it is gives us our only criterion for judging anddirecting what goes on in schools.It is sometimes supposed that it is the business of the philosophy of education to tell what education should be. But the only way of deciding what education should be, at least, theonly way which does not lead us into the clouds, is discovery of what education takes place when education really occurs. And before we can formulate a philosophy of education we must know human nature is constituted in the concrete;we must know about the working of actual social forces;we must know about the operations through which basic raw materials are modified into something of greater value. The need for a philosophy of education is thus fundamentally the need for finding out what education really is. We have to take those cases in which we find there is a real development of desirable powers, and then find out how this development took place. Then we can project what has taken place in these instances as a guide for directing our other efforts. The need for this discovery and this projection is the need for a philosophy of education.What then is education when we find actual satisfactory specimens of it in existence? In the first place, it is a process of development, of growth. And it is the process and not merely the result that is important. A truly healthy person is not something fixed and completed. He is a person whose processes and activities go on in such a way that he will continue to be healthy. Similarly, an educated person is the person who has the power to go on and get more education.In any case, development and growth involve change, modification, and modification in definite directions. It is quite possible for a teacher, under the supposed sanction of the idea of cultivating individuality, to fixate a pupil more or less at his existing level. Respect for individuality is primarily intellectual. It signifies studying the individual to see what is there to work with. Having this sympathetic understanding, the practical work then begins, for the practical work is one of modification, of changing, of reconstruction continued without end. The change must at least be towards more effective techniques, towards greater self-reliance, towards a more thoughtful and inquiring disposition, one more capable of persistent effort in meeting obstacles.1.According to the author, the philosophy of education（） .2.The philosophy of education is supposed to（） .3.The chief task of the philosophy of education is to（） .4.The significance of desirable education lies （）.5.What can we learn from the last paragraph? （），问题1选项A.is the same as the conception of progressive educationB.studies the essence of education and the way it occursC.conforms to any idea of education that is conservative and authoritarianD.deals with the judgment and direction of school management 问题2选项A.result from real understanding of occurrences in actual schoolingB.be the only way leading to obscure understanding of educationC.have taken place when education first came into existenceD.be the basis on which decisions on practical education are formulated问题3选项A.analyze the constitution of human nature in great detailB.clarify the practical effects of social forces on educationC.present how raw materials are made into valuable goodsD.find out the ways of how to bring out the best human faculties问题4选项A.more in its operation than in its modificationB.less in its modification than in its operationC.not only in its result but also in its processD.rather in its process than in its result问题5选项A.The supposed approval of the idea of cultivating individuality is reasonable.B.Modification refers to making a pupil develop in a fixed direction.C.To respect individuality means to discover whether an individual is worth modifying.D.True education should be based on cultivating a student according to his/her natural talent.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.文章第一段第二句在解释什么是“教育原理”时提到“it is an attempt to discover what education is and how it takes p lace”，选项B符合题意。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：59
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some of this meat came from Canada. How about （）?问题1选项A.anotherB.othersC.the otherD.the rest【答案】D【解析】考查不可数名词的指代。
meat 是不可数名词，前面三个选项一般用来知道可数名词，所以不符合题意。
选项D既可以指代可数名词，也可以指代不可数名词，符合题意。
句意：这里一部分肉来自加拿大，那剩下的呢？2.单选题Some British universities are state-supported, others are privately（） and still others are supported by religious origination.问题1选项A.ensuredB.attributedC.authorizedD.endowed【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
ensure “保证，确保”；attribute “归属，把··· ···归于”；authorize “批准，认可”；endow “资助，捐赠”。
根据前半句句意“一些英国大学是政府创建的”，后半句“其他有些由宗教组织资助”，可以推出空格处要填入support的同义词，所以选项D符合题意。
3.单选题The employer must（） that the applications for the post have the proper qualifications. 问题1选项A.justifyB.verifyC.warrantD.perceive【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
justify “证明··· ···是正当的；替··· ···辩护”；verify “核实；查证”；warrant “保证；担保”；perceive “察觉，感觉”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：66
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题If you divide 7 by 3, you have 1 （）问题1选项A.left overB.left outC.left offD.left about【答案】A【解析】考查动词词组辨析。
left over “剩下，遗留”；left out “被遗忘，忽略”；left off “停止，中断”；left about “乱丢，乱放”。
句意：七除以三还余一。
选项A符合句意。
2.翻译题The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts.Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuade and how compromise, is reached within the culture of the negotiation.In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthyand impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multimillion-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator's role becomes that of an impersonal purveyor of information and cash.In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position.Two traits in particular those cause cross-cultural misunderstandings are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore，American negotiators, often insist on realizing short-term benefits. Foreign negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator.Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success for negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding.【答案】国际贸易以及海外投资的增长促使了对具有语言知识和跨文化交流技巧的人才的需求的出现。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：65
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Tight shoes（） my feet.问题1选项A.irritateB.smartC.acheD.bruise【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。
Irritate “激怒；使兴奋”，动词；smart “聪明的”，形容词；ache “疼痛”，名词；bruise “擦伤”，名词或者动词。
句意：这双鞋子太紧了，把我的脚给擦伤了。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题One of the requirements for a fire is that the material（）to its burning temperature. 问题1选项A.be heatedB.is heatedC.would heatedD.to heated 【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。
requirement为主语，所以后面应该使用虚拟语气，后面的动词形式是should do，表示“要求··· ···，其中should是可以省略的。
Material与heat之间应该是被动语态，所以应该是should be heated，其中should可以省略，所以选项A符合题意。
3.单选题They（） his claim of innocence with eye-witness testimony问题1选项A.objectedB.opposedC.contradictedD.refuted【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
object “反对（一般与介词to搭配使用）”；oppose “反对；对抗，抗争”；contradict “反驳；否定；与··· ···矛盾”；refute “驳斥”。
句意：他们用目击者的证词来驳斥他声称自己无辜。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第50期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（）, he remains very modest.问题1选项A.Though his contributionsB.He made great contributionsC.For all his great contributionsD.However his great contributions【答案】C【解析】考查语法知识。
Though 与however为连词，后面要接句子，不能接名词，所以选项A和D排除；选项B是一个完整的句子，空格后面也是一个完整的句子，中间没有任何连词，所以选项B排除。
选项C 符合题意。
2.单选题Relief organizations have contributed （）money to famine in Africa.问题1选项A.both time andB.time butC.neither time andD.neither time nor 【答案】A【解析】考查连接词的用法。
句意：救援组织为非洲的饥荒出钱出力。
选项A符合题意。
3.单选题As long as we don’t lose heart, I believe we can achieve our goal（） .问题1选项A.in the long runB.in the first placeC.on the wholeD.at least【答案】A【解析】考查介词词组辨析。
in the long run “从长远来看；最终”；in the first place “首先;起初”；on the whole “基本上；就全体而论”；at least “至少”。
句意：只要我们不失去信心，那么我相信我们最终可以达成我们的目标。
选项A符合题意。
4.单选题Art that endures often makes an initially disturbing impact: the profound experience that such art seeks to provoke necessarily engenders a certain（） .问题1选项A.familiarityB.ennuiC.upheavalD.intimacy【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷3
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The people will rebel if they feel that they are excluded （）sharing the wealth of the country.问题1选项A.outB.byC.fromD.without【答案】C【解析】考察短语搭配。
be excluded from “从··· ···中被排除”是固定搭配。
选项C符合题意。
句意：如果他们觉得自己被排除在国家财富分享之外，人民就会起来反抗。
选项C符合题意。
2.单选题Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication （）the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.问题1选项A.in whichB.in this wayC.in thatD.in order that【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。
空格后面是一个完整的句子，不缺任何主要成分。
in which 引导定语从句，可以排除；in this way “以··· ···的方式”，不符合题意。
in that 在句中引导原因状语从句，符合句意：广告与其他的交流方式不同，因为广告人需要为要发表的信息付费。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure（）问题1选项A.and more on efficiencyB.than more on efficiencyC.and more efficiencyD.than efficiency以介词on 不能缺少，选项A符合题意。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：24
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Communication is the process of a message（） from a source to an audience via a channel.问题1选项A.shiftingB.transmittingC.submittingD.transforming【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
shift “转移；改变；替换”；transmit “传输；传播”；submit “使服从；呈递”；transform “改变，使变形；转换”。
句意：通信是消息通过渠道从出处传播给观众的过程。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题The United States and Canada are lands of （）except for the Indians, who are the only true natives.问题1选项A.emigrantsB.immigrantsC.dwellersD.inhabitants【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
emigrants “移民（移出）”；immigrants “移民（移入）”；dwellers “居民，居住者”；inhabitants “本地居民，土著居民”。
句意：美国和加拿大是移民的土地，除了印第安人，他们是唯一真正的土著人美国和加拿大拥有除了了土著居民和印第安人以为的大量移民。
选项B 符合题意。
3.单选题Hard work and malnutrition （）his health and he looked thin and pale.问题1选项A.impairedB.promotedC.acceleratedD.smashed【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
impair “损害”；promote “促进”；accelerate “加速”；smash “击碎，撞击”。
吉林大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析
吉林大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析The intensive work of materials scientists and solid-state physicists has given rise to a class of solids known as amorphous metallic alloys or glassy metals.There is a growing interest among theoretical and applied researchers alike in the structural Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi properties of these materials.When a molten metal or metallic alloy is cooled to a solid,a crystalline structure is formed that depends on the particular alloy composition.In contrast,molten nonmetallic glass-forming materials when cooled do not assume a crystalline structure,but instead retain a structure somewhat like that of the liquid—an amorphous structure. At room temperature the natural long-term tendency for both types of materials is to assume the crystalline structure.The difference between the two is in the kinetics or rate of formation of the crystalline structure which is controlled by factors such as the nature of the chemical bonding and the ease with which atoms move relative to each other.Thus,in metals,the kinetics favors rapid formation of a crystallines structure whereas in nonmetallic glasses the rate of formation is so slow that almost any cooling rate is sufficient to result in an amorphous structure.For glassy metals to be formed,the molten metal must be cooled extremely rapidly so that crystallization is suppressed.The structure of glassy metals is thought to be similar to that of liquid metals.One of the first attempts to model the structure of a liquid was that by the late J.D.Bernal of the University of London,who packed hard spheres into a rubber vessel in such a way as to obtain the maximum possible density.The resulting dense, random-packed structure was the basis for many attempts to model the structure of glassy metals.Calculations of the density of alloys based on Bernal-type models of the alloys metal component agree fairly well with the experimentally determined values from measurements on alloys consisting of a noble metal together with a metalloid such as alloys of palladium and silicon or alloys consisting of iron phosphors,and carbon,although small discrepancies remained.One difference between real alloys and the hard spheres area in Bernal models is that the components of an alloy have different size,so that models based on two sizes of spheres are more appropriate for a binary alloy for example.The smaller metalloid atoms of the alloys might fit into holes in the dense random-packed structure of the larger metal atoms.One of the most promising properties of glassy metals is their high strength combined with high malleability.In usual materials, one finds an inverse relation between the two properties,whereas for many practical applications simultaneous presence of both properties is desirable.One residual obstacle to practical applications that is likely to be overcome is the fact that glassy metals willcrystallize at relatively low temperatures when heated slightly.1.The author is primarily concerned with discussing[A]crystalline solids and their behavior at different temperatures.[B]molten materials and the kinetics of the formation of their crystalline structure.[C]glassy metals and their structural characteristics.[D]metallic alloys and problems in determining their density.2.The author’s attitude toward the prospects for the economic utilization of glassy metals is one of[A]disinterest.[B]impatience.[C]optimism.[D]apprehension.3.According to the text,which of the following determines the crystalline structure of a metallic alloy?[A]At what rate the molten alloy is cooled.[B]How rapid the rate of formation of the crystalline phase is.[C]How the different-sized atoms fit into a dense random-packed structure.[D]What the alloy consists of and in what ratios.4.Which of the following best describes the relationship between the structure of liquid metals and the structure of glassy metals, as it is presented in the text?[A]The latter is an illustrative example of the former.[B]The latter is a large-scale version of the former.[C]The former is a structural elaboration of the latter.[D]The former is a fair approximation of the latter.5.It can be inferred from the text that,theoretically,molten nonmetallic glasses assume a crystalline structure rather than an amorphous structure only if they are cooled[A]very evenly,regardless of the rate.[B]rapidly,followed by gentle heating.[C]very slowly.[D]to room temperature.[答案与考点解析]1.【答案】C【考点解析】本题是一道中心主旨题。
吉林大学少数民族骨干计划博士英语真题
吉林大学少数民族骨干计划博士英语真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Jilin University Minority Backbone Plan Doctoral English TestPart I Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:On July 2, China published a report named "The Chinese Government's Policies and Practices to Encourage and Support Minorities to Develop and Progress". This report introduces various policies and measures taken by the Chinese government to support the development of minority groups in China. It highlights the importance of equality, unity, and progress among all ethnic groups in the country.1. What is the main purpose of the report?A. To criticize minority groups in ChinaB. To introduce the Chinese government's policies for minoritiesC. To support discrimination against minority groupsD. To promote inequality among ethnic groups2. According to the passage, what do the Chinese government support for minority groups?A. DiscriminationB. Development and progressC. SegregationD. Exclusion3. Which of the following is mentioned as important in the report?A. InequalityB. UnityC. HomogeneityD. Discrimination4. What is emphasized in the report?A. DiscriminationB. ExclusionC. ProgressD. Unity5. How can the Chinese government support the development of minority groups?A. By segregating themB. By promoting unity and progressC. By discriminating against themD. By excluding themPart II Vocabulary and Structure (10 points)Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.6. The students_____ outside the school gate.A. waitedC. waited forD. are waiting7. I_____ her a letter, but she probably didn't receive it.A. have sentB. sentC. has sentD. sends8. The teacher is very strict_____ us.A. withB. onC. toD. at9. I haven't seen him_____ a long time.A. sinceB. forC. from10. She_____ when the phone rang.A. sleepsB. was sleepingC. is sleepingD. slept11. He asked me_____ I had seen the latest movie.A. thatB. whereC. ifD. in which12. _____, the meeting finished sooner than we had expected.A. Because of heavy rainB. Despite heavy rainC. In spite heavy rainD. Due to heavy rain13. He hurt his leg, so he can't go skiing, _____?B. can't heC. can himD. can't himPart III Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 2Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage:The panda is loved by people from all over the world. In 2016, Chinese filmmaker Lu Chuan directed a film called "Born in China", which showcases the lives of pandas and other animals in their natural habitats. This film explores the beauty of nature and the importance of wildlife conservation in China.14. What does Lu Chuan's film "Born in China" focus on?A. The lives of pandasB. The lives of other animalsC. The beauty of natureD. The importance of wildlife conservation15. Why do people love pandas from all over the world?A. Because they are cuteB. Because they are friendlyC. Because they are dangerousD. Because they are strong16. What is the film "Born in China" about?A. The lives of pandas in captivityB. The lives of animals worldwideC. The lives of pandas and other animals in their natural habitatsD. The lives of pandas as pets17. What does the film explore?A. The importance of shoppingB. The beauty of nature and wildlife conservationC. The dangers of wild animalsD. The cruelty of captivityPart IV Writing (30 points)Directions:Write an essay with at least 150 words on the following topic:The Importance of Cultural DiversityIn your essay, you should address the following points:1. Define cultural diversity2. Explain why cultural diversity is important3. Provide examples of how cultural diversity enriches society4. Discuss how we can promote and preserve cultural diversityRemember to:1. Use clear and concise language2. Organize your essay logically3. Support your arguments with examples and evidence---The above is a sample of the questions that could be found in the Jilin University Minority Backbone Plan Doctoral English Test. This test aims to assess candidates' reading comprehension, vocabulary, language structure, and writing skills. It is an important evaluation tool for candidates applying for the program. Good luck to all participants!篇2Jilin University Minority Backbone Plan Ph.D. English ExamPart I Reading Comprehension (30 points)Passage OneQuestions 1-5 refer to the following passage."The Ancient Silk Road"The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes that connected the East and West. It was central to cultural interaction between the regions for many centuries. The Silk Road primarily refers to the land routes connecting East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa, and Southern Europe. The Silk Road derives its name from the lucrative trade in silk that took place along its length.1. What is the Silk Road?2. Where did the Silk Road connect?3. What was the primary trade on the Silk Road?4. How long did the Silk Road exist?5. What was the significance of the Silk Road?Part II Writing (70 points)Write an essay (no less than 500 words) on ONE of the following topics:1. The Importance of Cultural Diversity in a Globalized World2. The Role of Education in the Empowerment of Minority Communities3. The Impact of Technology on Minority CulturesPlease write your answers clearly and neatly. Good luck!篇3Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program English ExamIntroductionThe Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program is a prestigious program that aims to support and cultivateoutstanding minority students in pursuing doctoral degrees. The program offers various benefits, including financial support, academic resources, and mentorship, to help minority students excel in their academic and professional pursuits.The English exam for the Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program is a crucial component of the application process. The exam assesses the applicants' proficiency in English, which is essential for success in doctoral studies and academic research. In this article, we will explore the format, content, and tips for preparing for the English exam.Format and ContentThe English exam for the Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program consists of multiple-choice questions and essay writing sections. The multiple-choice questions cover a wide range of topics, including grammar, vocabulary, reading comprehension, and listening comprehension. The essay writing section requires applicants to write an essay on a given topic within a specified time frame.The exam assesses the applicants' ability to communicate effectively in English, understand complex academic texts, and analyze and synthesize information. It also evaluates the applicants' critical thinking skills, creativity, and ability to presentideas clearly and cohesively. The exam is designed to evaluate the applicants' overall language proficiency and readiness for doctoral studies.Preparation TipsTo prepare for the English exam for the Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program, applicants should focus on improving their English language skills, particularly in the areas of grammar, vocabulary, reading comprehension, and writing. Here are some tips for preparing for the exam:1. Practice regularly: Set aside time each day to practice English language skills, such as reading, writing, listening, and speaking. Practice with a variety of materials, such as academic articles, news articles, podcasts, and videos.2. Review grammar and vocabulary: Review and practice common grammar rules, such as verb tenses, sentence structure, and word choice. Expand your vocabulary by learning new words and phrases and using them in sentences.3. Improve reading comprehension: Practice reading academic texts and articles on a wide range of topics to improve your reading comprehension skills. Pay attention to main ideas, supporting details, and author's tone and purpose.4. Enhance writing skills: Practice writing essays on different topics, focusing on organization, coherence, and clarity. Develop your critical thinking skills by analyzing and synthesizing information from multiple sources.5. Seek feedback: Ask for feedback from teachers, tutors, or peers to help improve your English language skills. Revise your essays and practice questions based on feedback to enhance your writing and communication skills.ConclusionThe English exam for the Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program is an important step in the application process for minority students seeking to pursue doctoral studies. By preparing effectively and practicing regularly, applicants can improve their English language skills and increase their chances of success in the exam. The exam assesses the applicants' proficiency in English, critical thinking skills, and ability to communicate effectively, all of which are essential for success in doctoral studies and academic research. With dedication and hard work, applicants can excel in the English exam and achieve their academic and professional goals.。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷7
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题If hockey players are too （）,they are penalized.问题1选项A.clumsyB.aggressiveC.briskD.flexible【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
clumsy “笨拙的”；aggressive “侵略性的，好斗的”；brisk “敏锐的，活泼的”；flexible “灵活的，柔韧的，易弯曲的”。
句意：如果曲棍球选手太过于具有攻击性，将会被处罚。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题The （）of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually makes jobs easier to do.问题1选项A.additionB.applicationC.associationD.affection【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
addition “添加”；application “应用；申请”；association “协会；联盟”；affection “感情；影响”。
句意：新的科学发现应用在工业生产上使得工作更容易。
选项B符合题意。
3.单选题The football match was televised （）from the Government stadium.问题1选项A.aliveB.liveC.lifeD.lively【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
alive “活着的，有活力的”；live “现场直播的”；life “生4.单选题Our ape-men forefathers had no obvious weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the （1）claws of the big cats. They could not （2）with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws （3）an impressive “small-fire” weaponry. They could not even defend themselves （4）running swiftly like horse, zebras or small animals. If the ape-men had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been （5）to failure and extinction. But they were （6）with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not （7）by any of their competitors.In the search （8）the pickings of the forest, the ape-man had （9）efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of color （10）the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range （11）the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay far （12）he reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland. Good long distance sight was （13）another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the greater the range of sight, so（14）they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, however, this simple solution was not （15）. Climbing a hill would have helped, but in many places the ground was flat. The ape-men （16）the only possible solution. They reared up as high as （17）on their hind limbs and began to walk upright. This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-man became slower still. （18）they persevered and their bone structure gradually became （19）to the new, unstable position that （20）them the name Homo erectus, upright man.问题1选项A.bigB.weakC.strongD.small问题2选项pareC.rivalD.equal问题3选项A.becameB.equippedC.posedD.provided问题4选项A.inB.uponC.byD.with问题5选项A.drivenB.doomedC.forcedD.ledA.bestowedB.givenC.presentedD.endowed问题7选项A.managedB.possessedC.posedD.opposed问题8选项A.forB.ofC.onD.at问题9选项A.progressedB.generatedC.developedD.advanced问题10选项A.whichB.asC.whatD.that问题11选项A.urgedB.permittedC.bannedD.caused问题12选项A.fromB.apartC.beyondD.above问题13选项A.ratherB.quiteC.much问题14选项A.anythingB.thatC.everythingD.all问题15选项A.availableB.enoughC.sufficientD.convenient问题16选项A.choseB.adoptedC.acceptedD.took问题17选项A.valuableB.acceptable问题18选项A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MeanwhileD.Subsequently问题19选项A.suitedB.familiarizedC.adaptedD.accustomed问题20选项A.obtainedB.calledC.deservedD.earned【答案】第1题:C 第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:B第9题:C第10题:D第11题:B第12题:C第13题:B第14题:D第15题:A第16题:B第17题:C第18题:A第19题:C第20题:D【解析】（1）考查前后逻辑。
吉林大学少数民族骨干计划博士英语真题
吉林大学少数民族骨干计划博士英语真题Jilin University Minority Backbone Plan Doctoral English TestPart I Listening Comprehension (30%)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A) Rent a bigger apartment.B) Get a new roommate.C) Move to a larger city.D) Buy a house of his own.2. A) They have their own rooms.B) They are brothers.C) They are staying at a hotel.D) They are living with the speakers.3. A) At the railway station.B) At a bus stop.C) On a corner near the hotel.D) Near the hotel.4. A) $50.B) $40.C) $30.D) $20.5. A) Jack enjoyed Maggie's birthday party.B) Maggie's birthday party was a smashing success.C) Jack has been to many parties before.D)Jack managed to amuse everyone at the party.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices already marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestions 6 to 8 are based on the passage you have just heard.6. A) Last week.B) Last Saturday.C) Last Sunday.D) Last Friday.7. A) He will be admitted to a hospital.B) He will be staying with friends.C) He will be taking the day off.D) He will be flying to London.8. A) India.B) Australia.C) England.D) The USPassage twoQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Jerry Smith.B) Tommy White.C) Mary Marshall.D) Jenny Brown.10. A) He is a football coach.B) He is a basketball player.C) He is a tennis coach.D) He is a runner.11. A) Going for a football game.B) Watching a basketball game.C) Teaching tennis.D) Running.Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For eachof them, there are four choices which are marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneThere isn't a single person on this earth who hasn't experienced difficult times. Even those people who show exceptional confidence sometimes feel lost and uncertain. But remember: no one has control over the challenges that life brings. It is how you respond that matters. Holding on to positive thinking and surrounding yourself with supportive friends and family will help you through any crisis. Approach your problems one step at a time, and soon you will find the solution.12. What does the author imply about difficult times?A) Everyone experiences them.B) They are easy to overcome.C) Only some people experience them.D) They are controllable.13. According to the passage, what is helpful in overcoming challenges?A) Positive thinking.B) Ignoring the problem.C) Being alone.D) Avoiding friends and family.Passage twoIn ancient times, ceremonies were held to honor the changing of the seasons. These festivals included dances, music, and special garments. The colors worn reflected the vitality of spring, the warmth of summer, the richness of autumn, and the harshness of winter. Food was also a central part of these celebrations, and people would often share a meal to mark the occasion.14. Which of the following was NOT part of ancient seasonal festivals?A) Ceremonies.B) Music.C) Fishing.D) Food.15. What did people wear to reflect the changing seasons?A) Bright colors.B) Dull colors.C) Heavy fabrics.D) White garments.Passage threeThe global economy has made it easier for people to connect with each other from different parts of the world. Advances in technology have created a world where it is possible to work remotely with colleagues from different countries. This new way of working has opened up exciting opportunities for collaboration and the exchange of ideas.16. According to the passage, what has made it easier for people to connect globally?A) Advances in technology.B) Social media.C) Physical travel.D) The global economy.17. What is a benefit of the new way of working?A) Increased isolation.B) Fewer work options.C) Collaboration.D) Limited ideas.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence, there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should complete the sentence with the answer that best suits the context and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.18. Could you tell me ______ the supermarket?A) where isB) where it isC) is whereD) it where19. ______, he isn't going jogging in the park.A) As usuallyB) UsuallyC) As usualD) Usual.20. What a ______ laptop you have!A) high-qualityB) quality-highC) quality - highD) high - quality21. I wanted to talk to my boss yesterday, ______ he was too busy.A) soB) asC) butD) untilPart IV Writing (30%)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled "The Impact of Technology on Education". You should write at least 120 words, but no more than 180 words.The Impact of Technology on EducationTechnology has revolutionized the way we learn and teach. With the introduction of computers, tablets, and smartphones in the classroom, students have more resources at their fingertips than ever before. They can access information instantly and collaborate with peers on projects. Teachers can create interactive lessons and provide personalized feedback to students.Furthermore, online learning platforms have made education more accessible to people in remote areas or with busy schedules. Students can now take courses from top universities around the world without leaving their homes. However, technology also poses challenges, such as distractions and privacy concerns. It is important for educators to find a balance between using technology as a tool for learning and ensuring that students are not overwhelmed by it.Overall, technology has had a profound impact on education, changing the way we learn and teach in the 21st century.Overall, the Jilin University Minority Backbone Plan Doctoral English Test covers listening comprehension, reading comprehension, vocabulary, structure, and writing. It assesses candidates' English language skills in a variety of areas to ensurethey are well-prepared for their doctoral studies. Good luck to all test takers!以上是我为您准备的《吉林大学少数民族骨干计划博士英语真题》的文档，希望对您有所帮助。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：100
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The recent news of the successful cloning of an adult sheep —in which the sheep’s DNA was inserted into an unfertilized sheep egg to produce a lamb with identical DNA — has generated an outpouring of ethical concerns. These concerns are not about Dolly, the now famous sheep, nor even about the considerable impact cloning may have on the animal breeding industry, but rather about the possibility of cloning humans. For the most part, however, the ethical concerns being raised are exaggerated and misplaced, because they are based on erroneous views about what genes are and what they can do. The danger, therefore, lies not in the power of the technology, but in the misunderstanding of its significance.Producing a clone of a human being would not amount to crea ting a “ carbon copy ” —an automaton of the sort familiar from science fiction. It would be more like producing a delayed identical twin. And just as identical twins are two separate people —biologically, psychologically, morally and legally, though not genetically — so to embrace a belief in genetic determinism —the view that genes determine everything about us, and that environmental factors or the random events in human development are utterly insignificant. The overwhelming consensus among geneticists is that genetic determinism is false.As geneticists have come to understand the ways in which genes operate, they have also become aware of the myriad ways in which the environment affects their “expression”. The genetic contribution to the simplest physical traits, such as height and hair color, is significantly mediated by environmental factors. And the genetic contribution to the traits we value most deeply, from intelligence to compassion, is conceded by even the most enthusiastic genetic researchers to be limited and indirect. Indeed, we need only appeal to our ordinary experience with identical twins—that they are different people despite their similarities—to appreciate that genetic determinism is false.Furthermore, because of the extra steps involved, cloning will probably always be riskier—that is, less likely to result in a live birth —that in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer. For example, it took more than 275 attempts before the researchers were able to obtain a successful sheep clone. While cloning methods may improve, we should note that even standard IVF techniques typically have success rate of less than 20 percent. So why would anyone go to the trouble of cloning?1.What process resulted in the successful cloning of an adult sheep?2.According to the essay, in what respect the relationship between a cloned human being and its counterpart is similar to the relationship of twins?3.What does the concept of genetic determinism state?4.What are examples of genetic contribution?5.According to the passage, where does the danger of cloning lie in? 问题1选项A.In vitro fertilization.B.Embryo transfer.C.The insertion of a mature sheep’s DNA into an unfertilized egg.D.The adoption of physical and genetic characteristics.问题2选项A.Both a cloned human being and a part of twins have the same conceptions of morality.B.The environment one is born into affects their conceptions of reality.C.The connection is strictly genetic.D.The similarities are biological, legal, moral and psychological.问题3选项A.That each individual’s DNA determines their capabilities in life regardless of environmental morality.B.Environmental factors greatly influence persons’ actions and beliefs.C.Both genes and environments determine human traits.D.Identical twins have the capacity to be completely independent beings and have individual ideas.问题4选项A.Hair and eye color.B.A child’s attitude towards their parents.C.A person’s values.D.Fashion style.问题5选项A.The power of technology.B.Ethical and moral issues.C.The mistaken understanding of its significance.D.The exact replication of dangerous people.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第一句话提到in which the sheep’s DNA was inserted into an unfertilized sheep egg to produce a lamb with identical DNA, 所以选项C符合题意。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：91
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（） troublesome the problem is, he faces it with patience.问题1选项A.HoweverB.No matterC.DespiteD.Although【答案】A【解析】考查连词的用法。
However引导让步状语从句，与no matter how+形容词这个结构表示一样的意思，所以A选项符合题意。
2.单选题Hard work and malnutrition （）his health and he looked thin and pale.问题1选项A.impairedB.promotedC.acceleratedD.smashed 【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
impair “损害”；promote “促进”；accelerate “加速”；smash “击碎，撞击”。
句意：繁重的工作以及营养不良损害了他的健康，他看起来瘦弱，脸色苍白。
选项A符合题意。
3.单选题（） found four-leaf clover is considered a lucky sign.问题1选项A.It is rarelyB.RarelyC.The rarelyD.Despite its being rarely【答案】C【解析】考查定冠词的用法。
句意：罕见的四叶草被认为是幸运的象征。
定冠词 the 放在单数名词前表示某一类事物。
4.单选题All the parts of this model of automobile are（） , so that you can easily replace them everywhere.问题1选项A.modernizedB.standardizedC.mechanizedD.normalized【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：56
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（） her interest in children, teaching should be the right career for her.问题1选项A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.To give【答案】C【解析】考查given的特殊语法。
given 充当介词，意思是“考虑到”。
句意：考虑到她对孩子的兴趣，教学工作应该是她正确的职业。
选项C符合题意。
2.单选题He was fired because he was（） late for work.问题1选项A.occasionallyB.consistentlyC.presentlyD.weekly 【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。
occasionally “偶尔”；consistently “一贯地”；pr esently “不久，一会儿”；weekly “每周一次”。
句意：他被解雇了，因为他上班总是迟到。
选项B符合题意。
3.单选题Tight shoes（） my feet.问题1选项A.irritateB.smartC.acheD.bruise【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。
Irritate “激怒；使兴奋”，动词；smart “聪明的”，形容词；ache “疼痛”，名词；bruise “擦伤”，名词或者动词。
句意：这双鞋子太紧了，把我的脚给擦伤了。
选项D符合题意。
4.单选题Art that endures often makes an initially disturbing impact: the profound experience that such art seeks to provoke necessarily engenders a certain（） .问题1选项A.familiarityB.ennuiC.upheavalD.intimacy【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：11
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Hill slopes were cleared of forests to make way for crops, which now only （）the crisis. 问题1选项A.acceleratesB.prevailsC.ascendsD.precedes【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
Accelerate “加速，促进”；prevail “流行，占上风”；ascend “上升”；precede “领先”。
根据句意“山坡上的树木因为要种庄稼而被砍伐”，因而加速了这个危机。
选项A符合题意。
2.单选题The archaeologist（） that the vase was 3500 years old.问题1选项A.utilizedB.upheldC.estimatedD.sustained 【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
utilized “利用” ；upheld “坚持，维护” ；estimated “估计”；sustained “维持”。
句意：考古学家估计这个花瓶有3500年的历史了。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题Some sports equipment requires a special（） .问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
insulation “绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation “保存，保留”；snap “猛咬，劈啪声”；grip “紧握，柄，支配”。
句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。
选项B符合题意。
4.单选题Whenever possible, Ian （）how well he speaks Japanese.问题1选项A.shows upB.shows aroundC.shows offD.shows out【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。