2017-2018上海市华二附中九上期中考试
上海华师大二附中附属初中2018学年初三上学期英语期中考试卷(无听力无答案)
2018-2019学年华师大二附中附属初中初三上学期英语期中考试卷Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary(第二部分语音. 语法和词汇)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)(共20分)26. Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in the sentence?A. The painting has been returned to its rightful owner.B. The wounded soldier has finally opened his eyes.C. He removed his hand from her shoulder.D. Finding a volunteer to write the computer program isn’t a problem.27. He was in such a hurry that he went up the stars --- three at time.A. aB. anC. theD. /28. Russia’s red square parade took place the afternoon of May 9, 2018.A. atB. onC. inD. about29. There is something wrong with my computer, may I use ?A. yourB. yoursC. youD. mine30. I’m afraid of the food is delicious at the restaurant, but the service seems .A. goodB. wellC. poorD. badly31. You drive so fast, for we have enough time to arrive at the station.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t32. The six Greeks soldiers waited for hour, to be sure.A. otherB. othersC. the otherD. another33. Everyone has handed in the text paper Tom. He hasn’t done it yet.A. exceptB. besidesC. except forD. beside【答案】A34. Cherry blossom Festival in Gucun Park hundreds and thousands of people since last year.A. attractedB. has attractedC. attractsD. will attract35. Nowadays people usually get information from TV, newspapers, the Internet and WeChat platform.A. quite a fewB. manyC. lots ofD. few36. Y ou’d better quite about this problem.A. not keepB. not to keepC. not keepingD. not kept37. I was completely the things around me. Could you tell me what happened?A. aware ofB. unaware ofC. careful withD. careful about38. Shanghai Citizens served as volunteers on the street last year?A. Thousand ofB. Thousands ofC. ThousandD. Ten thousands39. The machine is used _________ doctors measure the patients’ temperature?A. helpB. to helpingC. for helpD. to help40. great fun it is to take part in different kinds of activities.A. HowB. What aC. WhatD. What an41. You can learn a new language well you practice more.A. ifB. unlessC. becauseD. or42. Speak louder everyone in the meeting room can hear you clearly.A. so thatB. in order toC. sinceD. because43、-- are you going to have a business trip to France? --In three days.A. How oftenB. How longC. How fastD. How soon44、--May I open the window? It’s a bit hot inside.--_________.A. I’m glad to hear that.B. It doesn’t matter.C. Yes, I will. Thank you.D. Go ahead, please.45、--A: It’s raining hard outside. Would you like me to call a taxi for you?--B: _________.A、Yes, I’d love to.B、That’s all right.C. No, thanks. I can manage myself.D. Never mind.Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once(将下列单词或词组填入空格,每个单词或词组只能天一次):(共8分)A)includes B)thirsty C)traditionally D)askedE)hungryAfternoon tea, which is associated with English people, is considered to be an integrated (融合的) part of their life. It is a light meal or a snack (46)______served around 4p.m. between lunch and dinner. Afternoon tea usually (47)______ scones(烤饼), sandwiches, biscuits, and many kinds of cakes.Drinking tea in the afternoon first became popular around1840. A Duchess(公夫人)called Anna first introduced afternoon tea in England. It was said that the Duchess often became (48)______ at around 4 o'clock, because at that time dinner was served at eight o'clock. On one occasion, the Duchess (49)_______ servants to bring tea, bread and butter, sandwiches and cakes to her room at 4 p.m. This became her habit and she soon began inviting friends to join her.A)anywhere B)protect C)breathe D)catch up E)meanWhy does your nose run when it's cold outside? Is it because you have a cold? No. A running nose doesn't always (50)_______ that you have a cold.You see, on the inside of your nose is mucus(鼻涕). Mucus catches dust in the air when you (51)_______. This stops dirt from going into your body. Mucus also makes the air you breathe wetter. This helps to (52)_______ your throat and lungs. So in winter your nose needs to make lots of mucus. When there is too much mucus, it doesn’t have (53)______ to go. So it runs out of your noseIV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable forms. (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)(8分)54. Tourists are all surprised to see the cormorants' large _________ .(foot)55. Please help ________ to some vegetables and fruits on the table, children.(you)56. The computer is one of the greatest inventions in the ________ century.(twenty)57. Little Jim was __________ by the big dog on his way home.(frighten)58. Lily is thin, of average _______, but she is very fit.(high)59. Without the forest, most birds and wild animals will ________ .(appear)60. He was sitting behind a cheap __________ desk in the dark room.(wood)61. I believe our team will solve the problem _______ in the end.(success)V. Complete the following sentence as required. (根据所给要求,改写下列句子) (14分)62. Tommy has already learned how to speak German. (改为一般疑问句)_______ Tommy learned how to speak German ______?63. John hung up her wet clothes to make them dry quickly. (对划线部分提问)______ did John _______ up her wet clothes?64. We should take action and solve the problem at once. (保持句意基本不变)We should take action and solve the problem______ ______ .65. Few young people are interested in traditional skills. (改为反意疑问句)Few young people are interested in traditional skills, ______ ________ ?66. The terrible earthquake destroyed thousands of houses in that area. (改为被动语态)Thousands of houses ______by the terrible earthquake in that area.67. “Have you finished your homework, Dick?” The teacher asked. (合并为一句)The teacher asked ______ Dick ______ finished his homework. 68. common knowledge; that; computers; is; super; are; calculators; it (.)(连词成句)_______________________________________________________ ______Part 3 Reading and writing(第三部分读写)VI. Reading comprehension (阅读理解)(共50分)A. 根据文章把下列图片按发生先后顺序排列(6分)At nine o’clock in the evening on 15 September, 1961, Barney and Betty Hill were driving south on Highway Three when they saw a spaceship.Barney and Betty drove on to Sand field, the next town. They got there the next morning. Barney looked at his watch."Why did the driver take us so long?" he asked. "Three hundred and four kilometers in seven hours? "Betty went white in the face. "Barney, I remember something, "she said." I think we were on the alien spaceship."After they saw the spaceship, the Hills ‘lost’ several hours. Much later, with the help of a doctor, the Hills remembered the lost time. The Hills remembered getting out of their car. Then they heard a "bleep, bleep" noise coming from the spaceship. When they tried to run back to their car, there were three aliens between them and their car.The aliens took them on to their spaceship. They asked Barney and Betty questions about the food they ate and what they drank every day. They also did medical examinations for them. They were very interested that Barney’s teeth came out!Finally, the aliens took them back to their car and the spaceship flew away.51.__________ 52.. _________ 53._________ 54. ___________ 55.__________ 56. _________B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)(5分)What do you do if you're left on a lonely island? Surely you need to find a way to (57)__________the outside world. Your best chance of doing this is to draw the attention of a passing plane.Body signalsPilots from different countries understand body signals if they have the correct (58) __________. When you wave your arms up and down in a straight line, it means "yes". When you point downwards and swing your arm from side to side, it means "no".Smoke signalsThe smoke from a fire can be seen from far away, so it's a good way to draw attention. If the weather is dry, it isn't (59)__________ to start a fire. But remember that fires can be very dangerous if they get out of control. Never light a fire unless you're sure that it can't spread. If the ground is dark, light smoke can be seen more easily. Green grass and leaves produce light smoke.Ground-to-air signalsIt's a good idea to (60)_________some signals, too. Use large pieces of wood to make the symbols (标记). If you can't find any wood, use earth. Some useful symbols are:F--I need food and water."II--I need medicine."I--I am badly hurt."X--I am unable to move from here."Pilots' repliesIf the pilot lowers the plane's (61)__________ from side to side, this means "message received and understood". If the pilots flies the plane in a clockwise (顺时针)circle, this means "message received but not understood".57. A. keep in touch with B. make friends withC. get along withD. shake hands with58. A. sight B. testC. trainingD. flight59. A. possible B. difficultC. necessaryD. important60. A. warn B. buildC. readD. watch61. A. windows B. chairsC. doorsD. wingsC.在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺,每空格限填一词,首字母已给。
2017-2018学年上海市普陀区进华中学九年级(上)期中化学试卷
2017-2018学年上海市普陀区进华中学九年级(上)期中化学试卷一.选择题(共20分,每题1分)1.(1分)属于化学变化的是()A.干冰汽化B.活性炭吸附C.空气制氧气D.食物腐败2.(1分)属于纯净物的是()A.食醋B.胆矾C.石灰乳D.石油3.(1分)连续多日的雾霾给我们的健康带来危害,下列措施不利于防治雾霾的是()A.大力植树造林B.使用清洁能源C.乘坐公交出行D.露天焚烧垃圾4.(1分)新型净水剂铁酸钠(Na2FeO4)中铁元素的化合价是()A.+6B.+5C.+3D.+25.(1分)化学用语表示错误的是()A.钡元素:Ba B.铵根:NH3C.2个氯原子:2Cl D.氧化铝:Al2O36.(1分)实验操作正确的是()A.检查气密性B.加热液体C.过滤D.镁带燃烧7.(1分)物质的化学式和相应名称均书写正确的是()A.Fe(OH)2:氢氧化铁B.K2CO3:碳酸钾C.Hg:贡D.NH4Cl:氯化氨8.(1分)关于O2、CO2、C2H4O2这些物质组成,叙述正确的是()A.都表示两个氧原子B.都含有氧分子C.氧的化合价为﹣2价D.都含有氧元素9.(1分)只有微观意义的符号是()A.O2B.2H2SO4C.H D.CO210.(1分)下列溶液呈酸性的是()A.碳酸钠溶液B.氯化钠溶液C.酒精溶液D.氯化铵溶液11.(1分)Sb2O5是一种重要的阻燃剂,工业制取该物质的化学方程式为:Sb2O3+2X ═Sb2O5+2H2O,则X的化学式为()A.H2B.O2C.H2O2D.H2SbO4 12.(1分)鉴别物质的方法正确的是()A.用水鉴别氧化钙和氯化钠B.用带火星的木条鉴别空气和氮气C.闻气味鉴别二氧化碳和氢气D.观察颜色鉴别木炭和二氧化锰13.(1分)关于电解水实验的说法正确的是()A.试管a中气体是O2B.试管b下方导线接电源正极C.氧元素由游离态变为化合态D.产生的H2和O2的质量比为2:114.(1分)有关“物质的量”说法正确的是()A.32克氧气的物质的量是1B.1molH2O中约含6.02×1023个氢原子C.1molCO2的质量是44g/molD.1molSO3比1molSO2多6.02×1023个氧原子15.(1分)某化学反应的微观过程如图所示,其中不同的圆球代表不同的原子,正确的说法是()A.生成物中的元素都是化合态B.反应物的物质的量之比为3:2C.此反应为化合反应D.反应物可能都是氧化物16.(1分)含有等质量的氧原子的SO2和SO3中,其中硫原子的物质的量之比为()A.2:3B.3:2C.5:6D.6:5 17.(1分)对化学仪器进行磨砂处理可提高仪器密封性,没有进行磨砂处理的仪器是()A.广口瓶B.锥形瓶C.滴瓶D.集气瓶18.(1分)某化合物与硫酸反应生成硫酸钾、水、二氧化碳,该化合物可能是()A.氢氧化钾B.碳酸钙C.碳酸钾D.硝酸铜19.(1分)河水净化的主要步骤如图所示,有关说法正确的是()A.步骤Ⅰ可除去所有杂质B.X试剂可以是明矾C.步骤Ⅲ可杀菌消毒D.净化后的水是纯净物20.(1分)图示的四个图象分别对应四个变化过程的一种趋势,下列分析正确的是()A.可能是双氧水溶液制氧气,a未使用催化剂,b使用了催化剂B.可能是加热一定质量的氯酸钾和二氧化锰固体混合物制取氧气过程C.可能是硫酸铜溶液中滴加氢氧化钠溶液D.可能是向一定量的氢氧化钠溶液中加水稀释,溶液的pH 变化二.填空题(共20分,每空1分)21.(5分)化学式是用元素符号表示物质组成的式子.如Al(NO3)3、He、CO2、CO、Na2S,其中由原子直接构成的物质是,引起温室效应的主要物质是,含有原子团的物质的名称是.化学方程式是表示化学反应的式子.写出检验物质中含有水的化学方程式,生成物的俗名为.22.(5分)某品牌补铁剂主要成分是富马酸亚铁C4H2FeO4,富马酸亚铁有种元素组成,其摩尔质量是,该分子中各原子的个数比为,0.25mol的C4H2FeO4中约含有个氢原子.含有mol氧原子.23.(4分)做细铁丝在氧气中燃烧的实验之前,应先用砂纸擦去铁表面的铁锈,这个过程属于(填物理或化学)变化,铁丝下端系一根火柴杆,其作用是;集气瓶底部要铺上,其目的是,写出化学方程式.24.(1分)将25g甲物质跟5g乙物质发生反应,所得混合物中含有l0g甲物质,11g丙物质,还有另一种物质丁,若甲、乙、丙、丁的相对分子质量分别为30,20,44,18,化学式分别为A,B,C,D,则表示它们之间所发生反应的化学方程式可表示为.25.(4分)已知乙烷的结构式如图所示,你从中可获取的信息有(至少写四点):(1)该物质的化学式为.(2)(3)(4).26.(1分)某气体由CO、CO2和NO2混合而成,该气体所含碳元素的质量分数为12%.该气体中NO2的质量分数可能为.三.简答题(共20分)27.(10分)根据所给的仪器回答问题:I.写出仪器名称,a、b;II.某同学用A装置制取氧气时发现试管位置太高,不能用外焰加热,该同学应调节图中的旋钮(填“①”或“②”或“③”).利用改正后的A装置制取氧气,反应的化学方程式:,若用装置F收集并粗略测出收集O2体积,还需在(填m或n)端接一个量筒以便测出排出的水的体积.G图是硫在氧气中燃烧的实验,观察到的现象是,该反应的化学方程式是.28.晓晓为了探究温度对H2O2分解速率的影响,利用如图所示装置(夹持装置略去)进行实验(水浴是利用热水进行加热),实验数据记录如表所示:(1)实验2中X的值应为毫升;(2)实验中,可通过来比较H2O2分解速率的大小;(3)实验2中水浴温度控制在80℃时,测定的反应速率会比真实值偏大,其原因是.a、锥形瓶内气体受热膨胀b、收集到的氧气中混有空气c、温度较高时水蒸发成水蒸气d、生成更多的氧气(4)晓晓从家中拿来一瓶久置的医用过氧化氢溶液来测定该溶液中溶质质量分数.她取出该溶液51 g,加入适量二氧化锰,生成O2的质量与反应时间的关系如图2所示.Ⅰ、完全反应后生成氧气的质量为moL.Ⅱ、计算参与反应的过氧化氢的物质的量.(写出计算过程)Ⅲ、这瓶过氧化氢溶液的质量分数为.29.(6分)(1)一瓶久置的熟石灰可能发生变质,用化学方程式解释变质的原因:.(2)探究该瓶熟石灰的成份.猜想:熟石灰的成分可能是①氢氧化钙;②碳酸钙;③实验:取少量固体于烧杯中,加入一定量的水溶解,静置经实验证明:该熟石灰(填“完全”或“部分”)变质.30.(4分)有一包FeSO4和Fe2(SO4)3的固体混合物,已测得铁元素质量分数为31%,则混合物中硫元素的质量分数为.2017-2018学年上海市普陀区进华中学九年级(上)期中化学试卷参考答案一.选择题(共20分,每题1分)1.D;2.B;3.D;4.A;5.B;6.D;7.B;8.D;9.B;10.D;11.C;12.A;13.B;14.D;15.D;16.B;17.B;18.C;19.C;20.B;二.填空题(共20分,每空1分)21.He;CO2;硝酸铝;CuSO4+5H2O=CuSO4•5H2O;胆矾(或蓝矾);22.四;170g/mol;4:2:1:4;;3.01×1022;1;23.物理;引燃铁丝;水或细沙;防止生成的融熔物溅落下来炸裂集气瓶;3Fe+2O2Fe3O4;24.2A+B=C+2D;25.C2H6;乙烷由碳元素和氢元素组成;乙烷中碳氢原子个数比为1:3;一个乙烷分子由两个碳原子和6个氢原子构成;26.56%~72%;三.简答题(共20分)27.铁架台;锥形瓶;②;2KClO32KCl+3O2↑;m;硫粉燃烧,产生蓝紫色火焰,放出大量的热;S+O2SO2;28.40;相同的时间内注射器内气体的体积;ac;0.015;0.03mol;2%;29.CO2+Ca(OH)2=CaCO3↓+H2O;氢氧化钙与碳酸钙;酚酞不变红;取下层白色固体于试管中滴加盐酸溶液;白色固体中有碳酸钙;完全;30.23%;。
2017-2018学年上海市新华中学九年级(上)期中化学试卷(解析版)
2017-2018学年上海市新华中学九年级(上)期中化学试卷一、单项选择题(每题1分,共20分)1.(1分)根据你所学的化学知识,判断下列变化不属于化学变化的是()A.天然气燃烧B.酿制酒醋C.菜刀生锈D.湿衣服晾干2.(1分)把少量下列物质分别放到水中,充分搅拌,可以得到溶液的是()A.面粉B.味精C.橄榄油D.奶粉3.(1分)小林同学发现月饼包装袋中有一小包“双吸剂”用来为月饼保鲜。
根据所学知识判断这包“双吸剂”是为了除去()A.氧气与氮气B.氮气与二氧化碳C.二氧化碳与水蒸气D.氧气与水蒸气4.(1分)下列变化中,氧元素由化合态变为游离态的是()A.水通电生成氢气和氧气B.氢气和氧气反应生成水C.水和生石灰反应生成熟石灰D.从空气中分离出氧气5.(1分)乙硫醇(化学式为C2H6S)易挥发、有蒜臭味,人对该气体及其敏感,下列有关乙硫醇的说法不正确的是()A.乙硫醇的摩尔质量为62g/molB.乙硫醇由2 个C 原子、6 个H 原子与1 个S 原子构成C.硫元素的质量分数是×100%D.在管道煤气中添加微量乙硫醇,可以及时发现煤气泄漏6.(1分)下列物质中属于氧化物的是()A.水B.氧气C.氢氧化钙D.碳酸钙7.(1分)下列化学用语正确的是()A.2 个氢原子:H2B.熟石灰:CaOC.硫酸铝:Al2(SO4)3D.胆矾:CuSO48.(1分)下列实验操作正确的是()A.加热液体B.铁丝燃烧C.倾倒液体D.气体验满9.(1分)质量相等的氮气、氧气、一氧化碳与二氧化硫中,分子数最少的是()A.氮气B.氧气C.一氧化碳D.二氧化硫10.(1分)地壳中含量最多的金属元素是()A.氧B.硅C.铝D.铁11.(1分)鉴别空气、氧气和氮气三瓶气体的最佳方法是()A.将气体分别通入水中B.将气体分别通入澄清石灰水中C.将带火星的木条分别伸入三瓶气体中D.将燃着的木条分别伸入三瓶气体中12.(1分)下列关于硫在氧气中燃烧的表述正确的是()A.产生淡蓝色火焰,放入大量的热B.32 克硫在16 克O2中燃烧可生成48 克SO2C.盛氧气的瓶底放点水可防止瓶底炸裂D.1mol 硫与2mol O2充分反应可生成1mol SO213.(1分)下列仪器,都能用来加热液体药品的一组是()A.试管、量筒、蒸发皿B.量筒、蒸发皿、烧杯C.试管、烧杯、蒸发皿D.试管、蒸发皿、集气瓶14.(1分)如图是表示气体分子的示意图,图中“”和“”分别表示两种不同的原子,其中表示化合物的是()A.B.C.D.15.(1分)为了探究”影响双氧水制氧气的速率”的因素,某学习小组设计了下列实验,下列说法正确的是()A.对比实验②和③,可研究双氧水的质量分数对反应速率的影响B.对比实验①和②,可研究双氧水的质量分数对反应速率的影响C.对比实验②和③,可研究催化剂的种类对反应速率的影响D.对比实验①和②,可研究催化剂的种类对反应速率的影响16.(1分)据报道,化学家创造出对CO2有较强吸收能力的糖粉状物质﹣﹣“干水”,其每个颗粒含水95%,外层是SiO2.下列说法正确的是()A.干水是一种混合物B.干水和干冰是同一种物质C.干水中的分子不再运动D.干水吸收的CO2过程中只发生物理变化17.(1分)将甲、乙、丙三种物质各10 克放在一密闭容器中加热,充分反应后,测得容器中剩下:7 克甲、5 克丁与若干克丙,则该反应可表示为()A.甲+乙→丙+丁B.甲+乙+丙→丁C.乙→甲+丙+丁D.乙+丙→甲+丁18.(1分)两份同质量的氯酸钾,一份加入二氧化锰用(a)表示,另一份不加用(b)表示。
上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2018届九年级上学期期中考试英语试题
华师二附中2017 学年第一学期九年级期中质量检测英语试卷Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and GrammarII、 Choose the best answer26、I could see he was carrying a gun、 Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in thesentence?A、 /gu:n/B、 /gʌn/C、 /gɔn/D、 /gən/27、Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A、 He has a good memory for words、B、 The man goes from west to eastC、 Shanghai has changed a lot in recent years、D、 He had a pain in the neck、28、Last week I bought ______ USB flash disk to store my articles、A、 aB、 anC、 theD、 /29、Five students of the Dancing Club come from Grade 7, ______ all come from Grade 8、A、 anotherB、 othersC、 the otherD、 the others30、Smart phones have become an important part of people’s ______ life、A、 dailyB、 happilyC、 recentlyD、 quickly31、Using different memorizing methods can enable you to remember things ______、A、 wiseB、 correctC、 easilyD、 faithfully32、95% of the passengers ay they are satisfied ______ the public transport service、A、 inB、 forC、 toD、 with33、______ the government has promised to improve road safety, little has been achieved so far、A、 IfB、 AlthoughC、 UnlessD、 Because34、Jane is very shy、 She never starts a conversation ______ she is spoken to、A、 ifB、 whenC、 unlessD、 because35、In order to finish the task in time, John kept ______ for four hours without rest、A、 workB、 to workC、 worksD、 working36、Flora looked out of the window and found it ______ heavily、A、 snowsB、 snowedC、 has snowedD、 was snowing37、The Red Cross is always the first ______ help to victims when a disaster happens、A、 provideB、 providingC、 to provideD、 to providing38、______ here quickly, Alice、 I have something exciting to tell you、A、 ComingB、 ComesC、 ComeD、 To come39、Practice ______ football, and you will do better in the match、A、 playingB、 playC、 to playD、 played40、Soon a nursing home ______ in our neighborhood for the elderly living alone、A、 has set upB、 will set upC、 has been set upD、 will be set up41、Linda has decided ______ at that restaurant as there were so many people in the queue、A、 not eatingB、 not to eatC、 not eatD、 to not eat42、--Can you tell me ______ your online shopping will arrive?--In three days, I think、A、 how fastB、 how longC、 how oftenD、 how soon第 1 页/ 共6 页43、______ exciting program Tint Running Man is!A、 WhatB、 What aC、 What anD、 How44、--Thank you so much for the wonderful party、 I really had a great time、-- ______A、 You are kind、B、I’m glad you like it、C、 It doesn’t matter、D、That’s right、45、--I missed the lecture this morning because of the traffic jam、--______A、 What a pity!B、Don’t worry、C、 Of course not、D、 Watch out、III、 Complete the following passage with the words in the box、 Each word can only be used onceA、 deal withB、 quickerC、 as soon asD、 clearlyE、 untilThe most important thing when calling 110 is to keep calm、 You need to say your name, location, your phone number and describe the situation as __46__ as possible、 If you are too nervous to say anything, justfollow the telephone operator’s instructions、If the phone is busy, don’t hang up、 You should hold on __47__ the operator answers it、As well as China, almost every country has its own emergency number、 In the US, 911 links callers to emergency services including police, fire and ambulance (救护车)、The system is able to provide the physical location of mobile telephones, which makes it __48__ to get to the scene、 In the UK, people call 999 when they are in an emergency、Next are some figures about the figure 110:“110” is a 24-hour emergency number、On average, every telephone operator answers 800 to 1,000 emergency calls every day、Operators should __49__ an emergency call in 57 seconds、Police set off no more than one minute after receiving information from telephone operators、 In cities, police are required to get to the scene in five minutes、 In suburbs, it is ten minutes、In China, 95 percent of cities and towns have 110 emergency centers、There are more than 24,000 telephone operators around the country、A、 completeB、 fifthC、 problemD、 instead ofE、 complainApple started the service with China Union Pay on Feb 18, making China the the __50__ country in which the service can be used after the US, the UK, Canada and Australia、Apple Pay users can __51__ a deal by just moving their devices near point of sale (POS) terminals __52__ scanning a bar code which is required by mobile payment services、 The near-field communication technology or NFC allows the contactless data exchange between the user’s device and the POS terminal、People may pay close attention to Apple Pay at first, but the main __53__ for Apple Pay is how to attract more people in the run、IV、 Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms54、The solider is brave enough to fight against those ______、 (enemy)55、She has bought a new flat in this building and it’s on the ______ floor、 (twelve)56、Jane was happy to find that her little son could sing an English song all by ______、 (he)57、It is everyone’s ______ to take care of our earth、 (responsible)58、In the educational program four players will ______ with animals for food、 (competition)59、 A large number of houses were ______ destroyed in the heavy storm、 (serious)60、Get yourselves ready, and you are sure to ______ in the coming tests、 (success)第 2 页/ 共6 页61、They boys was ______ because he was a new comer and had no friends here、 (happily)V、Rewrite the following sentences as required、62、Mr Smith has saved some money to buy a house in the countryside、(改为一般疑问句)______ Mr Smith saved ______ money to buy a house in the countryside?63、It is half an hour’s ride from our school to Chenshan Botanical Garden、(划线部分提问)______ ______ is it from your school to Chenshan Botanical Garden?64、The boys like having sports better than chatting with their friends on QQ、(保持句意不变)The boys ______ having sports ______ chatting with their friends on QQ、65、The houses in the city are too expensive、 Most people can’t afford one、(保持句意不变)The houses in the city are ______ expensive ______ most people can’t afford one、66、 A little boy invented a housework robot for his mother last month、(改为被动语态)A housework robot ______ ______ by a little boy last month、67、“Will you take part in the sports meeting this year, Jimmy?” Susan asked、(改为宾语从句)Susan asked Jimmy ______ he ______ take part in the sports meeting this year、68、can, you, the difference, seeing and hearing, between, tell (连词成句)_______________________________________________________Part 3 Reading and WritingVI、 Reading comprehensionA、 Choose the best answerThe next time you sit down to a delicious dinner, ask yourself, “How much food will I be able to eat?”If you think about only taking as much food as you can eat, it will help cut down on waste、 Every day, a large amount of food goes uneaten and ends up in the garbage、 This is very sad considering that many peoplecan’t even afford to have one meal every day、 The problem of waste happens all over the world、Peopleoften feel the need to spend more than they can manage、 This often results in waste and it can be a bigproblem、 However, there are many things that we can do to help cut down on garbage and waste、The most important thing to remember is to be friendly to the environment、 Only take as much food as you can eat, buy things in environment friendly packaging such as paper or cardboard, and leave garbage in its proper place、 If every person could cut down on waste, even just a little, the overall effect would be great、Garbage and waste can be a big problem in large cities、 If garbage or food is left in the streets, it canmake the city dirty and may also lead to a bad smell in the streets、 We all need to be responsible to clean upthis problem and make the city more pleasant、It is impossible to get rid of waste completely, but we can greatly reduce it、 No one is perfect, but if we pay more attention to what kinds of effect our waste has on the environment, we can work together to control the problem、69、If you think about only taking as much food as you can eat, ______、A、 you can eat healthilyB、 you can eat lessC、 it will make you have more foodD、 it will help cut down on waste70、People often feel the need to ______、A、 keep the food they haveB、 spend more than they can manageC、 finish the food as quickly as they canD、 make the food delicious71、We must leave garbage ______、第 3 页/ 共6 页A、 at each cornerB、 in its proper placeC、 on the roadsD、 in the streets72、______ in large cities、A、 People left garbage or food in the streetsB、 Students make the city dirtyC、 Garbage and waste can be a big problemD、 Food leads to a bad smell everywhere73、We all need to be responsible to ______、A、 pay more attention to the foodB、 get rid of bad food completelyC、 make the city more pleasantD、 reduce the food we eat greatly74、From the passage we know that ______、A、 everybody can do something to stop wastingB、 it is possible to get rid of waste completelyC、 we can control the environment and the problemD、 we must remember to eat more food every mealB、 Choose the words or expressions to complete the passageA mobile phone app(应用软件)has recently become very popular at the Middle School Attached to Guangzhou University、 It is named Health Helper、 Put your weight, height and __75____ into the app, andit will give you suggestions on how to get healthier、 ___76___, the app is not designed by a company but by two Junior 3 boys from the school、The two boys are Yang Chengxi and Yang Zhenglin, both 14 years old、 They learned to design apps bytaking part in the school’s app-making course, which started last year、“Electronic products are becoming increasingly popular,” said Wang Xiaopeng, the teacher of the app- making course、“It’s unpractical to block(阻隔)students from them、 So why not guide them to use it in a __77____ way?”As expected, the course has ____78__ many student including Yang Chengxi and Yang Zhenglin、 As cell phone game lovers, the two brought great enthusiasm(热情)into their app-making project、“It is much cooler to design a game than just playing a game,” said Yang Chengxi、 They decided to create an app to keep fit since obesity(肥胖)has become a problem for many teenagers、They searched standard health information on the Internet, put them in the app and wrote simple programs to make it work、 __79____ app-making software, the two boys finished their Health Helper app after three weeks of hard work、The taste of __80____ is exciting、 After Health Helper, the two now plan to go a step further、 They areworking on a robot that can be controlled by cell phone Bluetooth、 Wish them good luck、75、A、 name B、 class number C、 address D、 age76、A、 Clearly B、 Surprisingly C、 Luckily D、 Terribly77、A、 more wonderful B、 more difficult C、 more creative D、 more fashionable78、A、 accepted B、 attracted C、 asked D、 amazed79、A、 With the help of B、 According to C、 As a result of D、 In return for80、A、 hobby B、 achieving C、 success D、 lifeC、 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper wordsLast Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes、Seven others were so badly damaged that their o__81__ had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken第 4 页/ 共6 页windows or broken roofs、 One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a numberof other people received smaller hurt、 Altogether over two hundred people were h__82__ after the storm、They didn’t know where to go、A farmer, Bob, said that the storm b__83__ early in the morning and lasted for over an hour、“I was eating with my wife and children,” he said, “When we heard a loud noise、 A few minutes later our house f__84__ down on top of us、 We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing、 I went back inside and found him, s__85__ but very frightened、” Bob continued, “My boy cried out immediately when he saw me、 I wanted to give him a hand It that time, but failed、 We both triedand finally he managed to find his way out、”Mrs、 Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just l__86__ for work when she felt that her house was moving、 She ran outside at once with her children、“There was no time to take a__87__,” she said, “A fewminutes later, the roof came down、”Rescue workers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare department brought them food, clothes and shelter、D、 Answer the questionsMalls are popular places for Americans to go、 Some people spend so much time at malls that they arecalled mall rats、People like malls for many reasons、 They don’t feel any danger around them because malls have policestations or private security guards、 Parking is usually free, and the weather inside is always fine、 The newestmalls have beautiful rest places with waterfalls and large green trees、The largest mall in the United States is the Mall of America in Minnesota、 It covers 4、2 millionsquarefeet、 It has 350 stores, eight night clubs, and a seven-acre park! There are parking spaces for 12,750 cars、About 750,000 people shop there every week、 The first indoor mall in the United States was built in 1965 in Edina, Minnesota、 People love doing all their shopping in one place、 More malls are built all over thecountry、 Now, malls are like town centers where people come to do many things、 They shop, of course、Theyalso eat in food houses that have food from all over the world、 They see films at the theaters、 Some peopleeven get their daily exercise by doing the new sport mall walking、 Others go to malls to meet friends、Insome malls, people can see a doctor or a dentist and even attend church、 In other words, people can do justeverything in malls、 Now residents can actually live in their favorite shopping center、88、Why are some people in America called mall rats?89、What is the purpose of having police stations inside the malls?90、How many cars can the parking spaces of the largest mall in the United States hold?91、When and where was the first indoor mall set up in the United States?92、Why were more malls built all over the country?93、Do you prefer to have a one-day trip to such malls? Give at least two reasons、VII、 Writing94、Write at least 60 words on the topic “A person helped/encouraged… me before”(以“曾经________过我的人”为题,写一篇不少于60 个词的短文,标点符号不占格)很多人曾经出现在你的成长旅程中,他们或帮助你,或鼓励你,或爱护你,…请你描述他(她)是怎样的人,以及发生在你和他(她)之间的故事,并谈谈他(她)对你的影响.第 5 页/ 共6 页参考答案:26、 B 27、 C 28、 A 29、 D 30、 A 31、 C 32、 D 33、 B 34、 B 35、 D 36 、D 37、 C 38、 C 39、A40、 D 41、 B 42、 D 43、C 44、 B 45、 A46、 D 47、 E 48、 B 49、 A50、 B 51、 A 52、 D 53、 C54、 enemies 55、 twelfth 56、 himself 57、 responsibility 58、 compete 59、 seriously 60、 succeed61、 unhappy62、Has, any 63、 How far 64、 prefer, to 65、 so , that 66、 was invented 67、 whether , would68、 You can tell the difference between seeing and hearing、69、 D 70、 B 71、 B 72、 C 73、 C75-80 DBCBAB81、 owners 82、 homeless 83、began 84、fell 85、safe 86、left 87、 anything88、 Because they feel safe and comfortable there、89、 To make people in the malls not feel dangerous、90、 12,750 cars91、 In 1965 in Edina92、 Because people love doing all their shopping in one place、93、合理即可第 6 页/ 共6 页。
2018-2019学年上海市华师二附中初三上学期期中数学考试试卷 答案
2018-2019学年上海市闵行区华师二附中九年级上学期数学期中考试卷(考试时间:100分钟、满分150分)一、选择题(本大题共6题,每题4分。
满分24分)1、已知线段d c b a 、、、,如果cd ab =,那么下列式子中一定正确的是( )【A 】d b c a =【B 】c b d a =【C 】b d c a =【D 】d c b a = 【答案】C2、在ABC Rt ∆中,∠C=90°,BC=1,那么AB 的长为( )【A 】sin A【B 】cos A【C 】A cos 1【D 】A sin 1 【答案】D3、如果把一个锐角三角形三边的长都扩大为原来的两倍,那么锐角A 的余切值( )【A 】扩大为原来的两倍【B 】缩小为原来的21 【C 】不变【D 】不能确定【答案】C4、下列关于向量的说法中,不正确的是( )【A 】()333a b a b -=-333a b a b a b ===-,则或 3a a =【D 】()()m na mn a =【答案】B5、如图,在△ABC 中,80,40B C ∠=∠=,直线l 平行于BC .现将直线l 绕点A 逆时针旋转,所得直线分别交边AB 和AC 于点M 、N ,若△AMN 与△ABC 相似,则旋转角为 ( )【A 】20°【B 】40°【C 】60°【D 】80°【答案】B6、如图,在△ABC 中,BF 平分∠ABC ,AF ⊥BF 于点F ,D 为AB 的中点,连接DF 延长交AC 于点E. 若AB=10,BC=16,则线段EF 的长为( )【A 】2【B 】3【C 】4【D 】5【答案】B二、填空(每题4分,共48分 )7、已知2a=3b,那么a:b=【答案】3:28.在比例尺是1:40000的地图上,若某条道路长约5cm,则它的实际长度约为 千米【答案】29、在△ABC 中,点D 、E 分别是边AB 、AC 的中点,那么△ADE 的面积与△ABC 的面积的比是【答案】1:410、如果点P 把线段AB 分割成AP 和PB 两段(AP >PB),其中AP 是AB 与PB 的比例中项,那么AP:AB 的值为【答案】215-11、如果一个斜坡的坡度i=1:33, 那么该斜坡的坡角为 度 【答案】60° 12、如图,E 是平行四边形ABCD 的边AD 上一点,AE=21ED ,CE 与BD 相较于点F ,BD=10,那么DF=【答案】413【答案】2114【答案】2:315、已知BD 是平行四边形ABCD 的对角线,那么BD BC -【答案】BAEH 的长为___3上,AB 、CD 相交于点P ,则tan ∠APD 的值是______90,30,3B BC ∠==,点AB 边于点E ,将∠B 沿直线上的点F处,当△AEF 为直角三角形时,求BD 的长:ADE ADCS S【答案】(1)30°;(【解析】(1)在ACDRt∆过点E作ADEF⊥交AD于F解答:23、(每小题6分,共12分)如图:四边形ABCD 对角线AC 与BD 相交于点O ,OD=2OA ,OC=2OB.(1)求证:△AOB ∽ △DOC(2)点E 在线段OC 上,若AB ∥DE ,求证:OC OE OD 2⋅=∴OC OE OD 2⋅=(1分) 腰三角形,求完美分割线CD 的长。
上海市普陀区进华中学2017-2018学年初三上学期期中考试化学试卷
进华中学2017学年第一学期初三化学期中考试卷(满分60分,考试时间40分钟)可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 K-39 Cl-35.5 S-32 Fe-56六.选择题(共20分)27.属于化学变化的是()A.干冰汽化B.活性炭吸附C.空气制氧气D.食物腐败28.属于纯净物的是()A.食醋B.胆矾C.石灰乳D.石油29.连续多日的雾霾给我们的健康带来危害,下列措施不利于防治雾霾的是()A.大力植树造林B.使用清洁能源C.乘坐公交出行D.露天焚烧垃圾30.新型净水剂铁酸钠(Na2FeO4)中铁元素的化合价是()A.+6B.+5C.+3D.+231.化学用语表示错误的是()A. 钡元素:BaB. 铵根:NH3C.2个氯原子:2ClD. 氧化铝:Al2O332.实验操作正确的是()33.物质的化学式和相应名称均书写正确的是()A. Fe(OH)2:氢氧化铁B. K2CO3:碳酸钾C. Hg:贡D. NH4Cl:氯化氨34.关于O2、CO2、C2H4O2这些物质组成,叙述正确的是()A. 都表示两个氧原子B. 都含有氧分子C. 氧的化合价为-2价D. 都含有氧元素35.只有微观意义的符号是()A. O2B. 2H2SO4C. HD. CO236.下列溶液呈酸性的是()A. 碳酸钠溶液B. 氯化钠溶液C. 酒精溶液D.氯化铵溶液37.Sb2O5是一种重要的阻燃剂,工业制取该物质的化学方程式为:Sb2O3+2XSb2O5+2H2O,则X的化学式为()A.H2B.O2C.H2O2D.H2SbO438.鉴别物质的方法正确的是()A. 用水鉴别氧化钙和氯化钠B. 用带火星的木条鉴别空气和氮气C. 闻气味鉴别二氧化碳和氢气D.观察颜色鉴别木炭和二氧化锰39.40.关于电解水实验的说法正确的是()A. 试管a中气体是O2B. 试管b下方导线接电源正极C. 氧元素由游离态变为化合态D. 产生的H2和O2的质量比为2:140.有关“物质的量”说法正确的是()A.32克氧气的物质的量是1B.1molH2O中约含6.02×1023个氢原子C.1molCO2的质量是44g/molD.1molSO3比1molSO2多6.02×1023个氧原子41.某化学反应的微观过程如图所示,其中不同的圆球代表不同的原子,正确的说法是()A.生成物中的元素都是化合态B. 反应物的物质的量之比为3:2C. 此反应为化合反应D. 反应物可能都是氧化物42.含有等质量的氧原子的SO2和SO3中,其中硫原子的物质的量之比为()A.2:3B.3:2C.5:6D.6:543.对化学仪器进行磨砂处理可提高仪器密封性,没有进行磨砂处理的仪器是()44.某化合物与硫酸反应生成硫酸钾、水、二氧化碳,该化合物可能是()A. 氢氧化钾B. 碳酸钙C. 碳酸钾D. 硝酸铜45.河水净化的主要步骤如图所示,有关说法正确的是()A. 步骤Ⅰ可除去所有杂质B.X试剂可以是明矾C. 步骤Ⅰ可杀菌消毒D. 净化后的水是纯净物46.图示的四个图象分别对应四个变化过程的一种趋势,下列分析正确的是()A. 甲图:可能是双氧水溶液制氧气,a未使用催化剂,b使用了催化剂B. 乙图:可能是加热一定质量的氯酸钾和二氧化锰固体混合物制取氧气过程C. 丙图:可能是硫酸铜溶液中滴加氢氧化钠溶液D. 丁图:可能是向一定量的氢氧化钠溶液中加水稀释,溶液的pH变化七.填空题(共20分)47.化学式是用元素符号表示物质组成的式子。
2017-2018上海市华二附中高三上英语期中考试
上海市华二附中高三英语期中考试高三英语II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.On paper alone you would never guess that I grew up poor and hungry. These years my (21)__________(recent) annual salary was over $ 700,000. I am a Truman National Security Fellow and a term member at the Council on Foreign Relations. My publisher has just released my latest book series on quantitative finance in worldwide distribution.(22)__________ of it feels like enough. I feel (23)__________ __________I am wired (极度紧张的) for a permanent state of fight or flight, waiting for the other shoe to drop, or the metaphorical week when I don’t eat. I’ve chosen not to have children, partly because—(24)__________ any success—I still don’t feel I have a safety net. I have a huge minimum checking account balance in mind before I would ever consider having children. If you knew me personally, you (25)_________ get glimpses of stress, self-doubt, anxiety, and depression.In my childhood, I spent a lot of my time (26)__________pondering basic questions. Where will my next meal come from? Will I have electricity tomorrow? I (27)__________( acquaint) with the embarrassment of my mom trying to hide our food stamps at the grocery store checkout. I remember panic setting in as early as age 8, at the prospect of a perpetual uncertainty about everything in life, from food to clothes to education. I knew that the life I was living couldn’t be normal. I just wasn’t sure (28)__________it was that wrong with the tiny microcosm I was born into.As an adult I thought I’d figured that out. I’d always thought my upbringing had made me wary and cautious, in a “lessons learned” kind of way. Over the past decades, though, that narrative (29)__________(evolve). We’ve learned that the stresses(30)__________ (associate) with poverty have the potential to change our biology in ways we hadn’t imagined. It can reduce the surface area of your brain, shorten your telomeres and lifespan, increase your chances of obesity, and make you more likely to take outsized risks.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.DreamWorks Animation Bringing Broadway to ShanghaiDream Works Animation chief Jeffrey Katzenberg’s quest to build what he hopes will be China’s answer to New York’s Broadway has taken a big step ____31_____.Construction workers have begun work on the foundation of a 13-level tower that will be the new _____32____of Oriental Dream Works and linked to a large, X-shaped IMAX cinema complex via a pathway ___33_____as an extended red carpet.The waterfront development is ____34___to open in late 2017 on a choice parcel south of Shanghai’s historic Bund district.The Oriental DreamWorks movie studio will have room for 500-plus animators, up from the company’s current 250 employees, and will be at the ____35____heart of the complex.Situated on the grounds of a shuttered cement factory, the complex will have five major live-performance venues with 8,500 seats in total, including a 3,000-seat facility houses in a dome where cement was once mixed. In addition to hosting international touring productions of musicals and dramas, the Dream Center is visualized as a _____36____for pop, rock and jazz concerts; sporting events such as mixed material arts and motorbike racing; fashion shows and awards ceremonies; and conferences , art fairs and _____37____exhibitions.Planning is also underway for a Lego Discovery Center and an attraction ___38______called the Kung Fu Panda Experience. The complex is designed by New York ____39_____film Kohn Pedersen Fox. Associates, which is behind the massive Hudson Yards redevelopment project on Manhattan’s West Side.The IMAX theater, meanwhile, will have eight to nine screens and presumably be the ____40___venue to host premiers of productions from Oriental DreamWorks-----though it won’t be ready in time for the studio’s first effort, “ Kung Fu Panda 3”, scheduled for release in January.III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin returned from the moon, their cargo included nearly fifty pounds of rock and soil, which were packed in an aluminum box with seals designed to maintain the ____41_____ surface’s low-pressure environment. But back at Johnson Space Center, in Houston, scientists discovered that the seals had been ___42_____—by moon dust.Lunar dust is fine, like a powder, ____43____ it cuts like glass. It’s formed when meteoroids crash on the moon’s surface, heating rocks and dirt____44____ them to fine particles. Since there’s no wind or water to smooth _____45___ edges, the tiny grains are sharp and jagged, and cling to nearly everything.“The invasive ____46____ of lunar dust represents a more challenging engineering design issue, as well as a ____47____issue for settlers, than does radiation,” wrote Harrison (Jack) Schmitt, anApollo 17 astronaut, in his 2006 book, “Return to the Moon.” The dust sullied spacesuits and ate away layers of moon boots. Over the___48_____ of six Apollo missions, not one rock box ___49_____ its vacuum seal. Dust followed the astronauts back into their ships, too. According to Schmitt, it smelled like gunpowder and made breathing difficult. No one knows precisely what the microscopic particles do to human lungs.The dust not only ____50____ the moon’s surface, but floats up to sixty miles above it—as part of its exosphere, where particles are bound to the moon by gravity, but are so sparse that they _____51___ collide. In the nineteen-sixties, Surveyor probes filmed a glowing cloud floating just above the lunar surface during sunrise. Later, Apollo 17 astronaut Gene Cernan, while orbiting the moon, recorded a___52_____ phenomenon at the sharp line where lunar day meets night, called the terminator. Cernan ____53____ a series of pictures illustrating the changing dustscape; streams of particles popped ____54____the ground and levitated, and the resulting cloud came into sharper focus as the astronauts’ orbiter approached daylight. ____55____ there’s no wind to form and sustain the clouds, their origin is something of a mystery. It’s presumed that they’re made of dust, but no one fully understands how or why they do their thing.41. A. solar B. lunar C. dusty D. mysterious42. A. destroyed B. stained C. changed D. redesigned43. A. because B. however C. but D. so44. A. adapting B. reducing C. tailoring D. shaping45. A. soft B. hard C. rough D. flat46. A. nature B. speed C. degree D. troops47.A. intelligence B. health C. fund D. future48.A. moment B. situation C. course D. program49.A. installed B. lost C. found D. maintained50. A. coats B. affects C. protects D. crusts51. A. frequently B. violently C. gently D. rarely52. A. strange B. similar C. common D. different53. A. sketched B. described C. received D. copied54.A. out B. in C. off D. down55. A. Although B. Wherever C. Unless D. SinceSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Conventional wisdom has it that concern for the environment is a luxury only the rich world can afford; that only people whose basic needs for food and shelter have been met can start worrying about the health of the planet. This survey will argue that developing countries, too, should be thinking about the environment. True, in the rich countries a strong environmental movement did not emerge until long after they had become industrialized, a stage that many developing countrieshave yet to reach. And true. many of the developed world’s environmental concerns have little to do with immediate threats to its inhabitants’ well-being. People worry about whether carbon-dioxide emissions might lead to a warmer climate next century, or whether genetically engineered crops might have unforeseen consequences for the ecosystem. That is why, when rich world environmentalists’ campaign against pollution in poor countries, they are often accused of naivety. Such countries, the critics say, have more pressing concerns, such as getting their people out of poverty.But the environmental problems that developing countries should worry about are different from those that western pundits have fashionable arguments over. They are not about potential problems in the next century, but about indisputable harm being caused today by, above all, contaminated water and polluted air. The survey will argue that, contrary to conventional wisdom, solving such problems need not hurt economic growth; indeed dealing with them now will generally be cheaper than leaving them to cause further harm.In most developing countries pollution seems to be getting worse, not better. Most big cities in Latin America, for example, are suffering rising levels of air pollution. Populations in these countries are growing so fast that improvements in water supply have failed to keep up with the number of extra people. Worldwide, about a billion people still have no access to clean water, and water contaminated by sewage is estimated to kill some 2 million children every year. Throughout Latin America, Asia, Africa, forests are disappearing, causing not just long-term concern about climate change but also immediate economic damage. Forest fires in Indonesia in 1997 produced a huge blanket of smog that enveloped much of South-East Asia and kept the tourists away. It could happen again, and probably will.Recent research suggests that pollution in developing countries is far more than a minor irritation: it imposes a heavy economic cost. A World Bank study put the cost of air and water pollution in China at $54 billion a year, equivalent to an astonishing 8% of the country’s GDP. Another study estimated the health costs of air pollution in Jakarta and Bangkok in the early 1990s at around 10% of these cities’ income. These are no more than educated guesses, but whichever way the sums are done, the cost is not negligible.56. The critics of rich world environmentalists' campaign against pollution in poor countries hold that poor countries should be more concerned about ______.A. the potential greenhouse effectB. the bad consequences of genetically engineered cropsC. how to get rid of povertyD. how to develop education57. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Developing countries should worry about the harm caused by polluted water and airB. Developing countries’ economy will develop more rapidly if they deal with environmental problems right nowC. the conventional wisdom holds that dealing with environmental problems now will generally cost lessD. the conventional wisdom has it that solving environmental problems may hurt economic growth.58. The underlined word “pundits” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.A. expertsB. politiciansC. institute’sD. educators59. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?A. To analyze the difference between the environmental problems in rich and poor countries.B. To explain why developing countries should handle the environmental problems immediately.C. To demonstrate what serious damage pollution can do to a country’s economic development.D. To explain why rich countries’ environmental concerns have little to do immediate threats.(B)Outdoor RecreationGet outdoors with us this summer and experience the excitement and serenity within our unique programs. Research suggests that being physically active within green space helps reduce stress, anxiety, anger and improves moods and overall health and wellbeing. Our Department is integrating experiential activities for your enjoyment.All fitness levels are welcome; we accommodate most accessible needs. Please contact Laurie Wright at lwright@utsc.utoronto.ca with any questions. Trips are offered to registered U of T students first and then if there is space to staff, non-registered students and guests of the participants. Register at recreg.utoronto.ca or in person at TPASC registration desk.Please check our website for all updated trip dates, prices , registration details and more! Refund are only available up to 5 business days prior to the trip.Upcoming AdventuresTBD: Treetop Trekking and Mountain BikingParticipants will travel by bus up to Horseshoe Valley Resort. You may choose between a 3-hour Treetop Trekking adventure or 2 hours of x-country mountain biking through the forest trails. Treetop Trekking involves zip-lining and climbing through obstacle courses in a serene forest setting. Both adventures will be instructor lead and all equipment will be provided. No experience necessary. Beginner to advanced courses will be available.Tuesday, June 13th : Outdoor Rock Climbing OR Hiking TrailsA bus will transport students to Milton to either hike the area or rock climb. The rock climbing will take place at Rattlesnake Point and there is an opportunity for students to challenge themselves to climb up to 80ft on some of the best rock in Southern Ontario. All instructors are fully certified and all equipment will be provided. A custom course will be set up to meet needs of climbers. The hike will take place through some of the Bruce Peninsula trails and Halton Parks. Participants will have over 20kms of trails to choose from. You may hike with a group or follow the map trails with some friends.Friday, June 30th (tentative date): Warsaw CavesThe Warsaw Caves Conservation Area and Campground takes its name from a series of seven caves found in the park. Join us as we explain the multiple courses and have a picnic lunch. Com enjoy this natural underground jungle gym.……60. If you are a U of T teaching staff member who would like to take part in these programs, what kind of trouble could you come across?A. You can’t get your fees for Tuesday trip back if you cancel it the previous Monday.B. These outdoor adventures exhaust you psychologically so that you are in low spirits.C. There is no space for you because registered students enjoy the priority.D. The program of exploring Warsaw Caves underground is sure to change its date.61. All the pictures below precisely illustrate the activities mentioned in the passage EXCEPT _________.A. B.C. D.62. Which of the following is likely to be the next item mentioned in this passage?A. Friday, October 6th , Canoeing & Kayaking on the Humber RiverB. Thursday, August 10th of Friday , August 11th : Biking at Studio 1C. Wednesdy , July 19th : Regular Checkup (Men’s only ) on Millitary TrailD. August 25-27th White Water Rafting on the Ottawa River(C)A recent case in Australia shows how easily fear can frustrate an informant’s good intentions. In December, a woman wrote anonymously to the country’s antitrust watchdog, the ACCC, alleging that her employer was colluding with others in breach of the Trade Practices Act. Her evidence was sufficient to suggest to the ACCC that fines of A$10m could be imposed on "a large company". But the agency needed more details. So just before Christmas it advertised extensively to try and persuade the woman to come forward again. Some days later her husband rang the ACCC, but he hung up before disclosing vital information. Now the agency is trying to contact the couple again.In America, there is some evidence that the events of September 11th have made people more public-spirited and more inclined to blow the whistle. The Government Accountability Project, a Washington-based group, received 27 reproaches from potential informants in the three months before September 11th, and 66 in the three months after. Many of these complaints were aboutsecurity issues. They included a Federal Aviation Administration employee who claimed that the agency had repeatedly failed to respond to known cases of security violations at airports.Legislation to give greater protection to people who expose corporate or government misbehavior externally (after having received no satisfaction internally) is being introduced in a number of countries. In America, it focuses on informants among federal employees. According to Billy Garde, a lawyer who was a member of BP’s Alaska inquiry team, they "have less rights than prisoners". A bill introduced last year by Senator Daniel Akaka to improve protection for them is currently stuck in congressional committees.In Britain, the came fully into force last year. Described by one American as "the most far-reaching informant protection in the world", it treats informants as witnesses acting in the public interest. This separates them from people who are merely pursuing a personal grievance. But even in Britain, the protection is limited. Rupert Walker, a fund manager, was fired by Govett Investments in September 2001 for expressing concerns in the Financial Times about a group of people of investment trusts that invest in each other.63. What does the author most probably think about what the ACCC did to the woman?A. InconsistentB. DishearteningC. UnreasonableD. Bureaucratic64. It can be inferred that the Federal Aviation Administration employee________-.A. had repeatedly complained to his employerB. did not get any response from his employerC. was concerned about public securityD. because brave after the 9.11 disaster65. According to the third paragraph, informants among the American federal employees___________.A. disclose misbehavior externally when they are disappointed internallyB. get more protection than people who disclose the misbehavior externallyC. have less rights than prisonersD. get as much protection as before.66. Britain’s protection to informants is not perfect in that ___________.A. the Public Interest Disclosure Act came fully into force only last yearB. it treats informants as witnesses acting in the public interestC. informants are threatened with the possibility of losing their jobsD. informants are considered as merely pursuing a personal complaintSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The understanding that literature can comfort, console and heal has been around since the second millennium BC,____67____.As a bibliotherapist, I’m interested in the therapeutic value stories have to offer us, particularly during times of stress. Here the intent around reading is different; the value of the story lies solely in our emotional response to it.One of the greatest arguments for using literature as therapy was posited by the Renaissance essayist Michel de Montaigne, who believed there were three possible cures for loneliness: have a lover, have friends and read books.______68____. Therefore, the only therapy that could endure through life was the companionship of literature.Why were the ancient Greeks and Romans right to suppose literature heals the soul? Why did Montaigne trust we could endure loneliness through a lifelong relationship with books? Why, despites all the distractions of modern life, do books still get published and writers’ festival events get sold out? The answer lies in the power of stories.________69_____. They tell us what it is to be human, give us a context for the past and an insight towards the future. A narrator’s voice replaces our stressed, internal monologue and takes us out of our life and into the world of a story. Paradoxically, we think we are escaping ourselves but the best stories take us back deeper into our interior worlds. Freud , who believed the “ reading cure” came before the “ talking cure” , once wrote that wherever he want he discovered a poet had been there before. It is difficult to access emotional language and this is why we have writes,_______70____.What stories have shaped you? It’s a question worth reflecting on, as this shaping is often subconscious. The act of making it conscious will allow your future reading to perhaps have a different intent; you will be “ reading “ your life from now on, allowing you to live it more fully and better understand it.IV. Summary Writing (10%)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Fifty years ago, in a primary school classroom, two boys aged 11 took an examination called the 11-plus, which would make decisions about the rest of their lives. Paul passed and went to a “grammar school”. Baz failed the examination and went to a “secondary modern school”. They did not see each other again for year.Many grammar schools were established hundreds of years ago to teach the Latin language to children who were not from rich families. They encouraged students to study until they were 18 and then to go to university. Secondary modern school students left at 16, usually with fewer qualifications than grammar school students. Baz says the secondary modern school had fewer resources and the quality of teaching was not as good.Things have changed. In the 1960s and the 1970s “comprehensive schools” were created. Today, 90 percent of children aged 11 to 16 from the same area go to the same school without takingany entry examination.The British often disagree about the best way to educate their children. Many people say that comprehensive schools help more children to succeed because they provide everybody with similar opportunities, in a fairer way. Another view, though, is that more intelligent children, especially those from poorer homes, are better supported at grammar schools. Now, the government plans to open new grammar schools so that almost two million children will go to the same type of school that Paul attended.And Paul and Baze? Aged 60, they met again and compared what had happened to them. After university, Paul qualified as a teacher. Baze went to work in a factory at 16 and later became an engineer. In fact, Baz had a much higher salary than Paul----so perhaps life is fair after all.V. Translation (15%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 你怎么能指望在合作的过程中依靠一个言而无信的人?(expect)73. 只有在自然灾害发生的时候,人们才会真正了解到大自然的威力。
2017-2018学年华工附中学校第一学期期中初三数学问卷
华工附中学校2017-2018学年度上学期九年级数学问卷一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,满分30分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.)1.下列方程中,是一元二次方程的为()A. x=0.7B.x=−0.7C.x=±7D.x=±0.72.下列四个图形中,是中心对称图形的是()A. B. C. D.3.若关于x的一元二次方程x2+2k−1x+k2−1=0有实数根,则k的取值范围()A. k≥1B.k>1C.k<1D.k≤14.二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象如图所示,根据图象可得a,b,c与0的大小关系是()A. a>0,b<0,c<0B.a>0,b>0,c>0C.a<0,b<0,c<0D.a>0,b>0,c<05.若函数y=(1−m)x m2−2+2是关于x二次函数,且抛物线的开口向上,则m的值为()A.−2B.1C. 2D.−16.参加一次商品交易会的每两家公司之间都签订了一份合同,所有公司共签订了45份合同,设共有家公司参加商品交易会,则满足的关系式为()A. 12x x+1=45 B.12x x−1=45C.x x+1=45D.x x−1=457. 将二次函数y=12x2的图象向左平移12个单位,再向下平移2个单位后得函数的关系式为()A. y=12(x+1)2−2 B.y=12(x−1)2−2C.y=12(x+1)2+2 D.y=12(x−1)2+28. 若二次函数y=x2−6x+9的图象经过A(-1,y1)、B(1,y2)、C(3+3,y3)三点,则关于y1、y2、y3大小关系正确的是()A. y1>y2>y3B.y1>y3>y2C.y2>y1>y3D.y3>y1>y29. 如图所示,△ABC中,AC=5,中线AD=7,△EDC是由△ABD旋转180°所得,则AB边的取值范围是()A. 1<AB<29B.4<AB<24C.5<AB<19D.9<AB<1910.已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的图象如图所示,并且关于x的一元二次方程ax2+bx+c−m=0有两个不相等的实数根,下列结论:①b2−4ac≤0;②abc>0;③a−b+c<0④m>−2其中正确的个数有()A. 1B. 2C.3D.4二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题3分,满分18分.)11.点A(2,1)与点B关于原点对称,则点B的坐标是。
2017上海华育中学九年级期中考试
上海华育中学2017年第一学期九年级期中试题(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)考生注意:1. 考试时间100分钟,试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试题卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷和第II卷,全卷共6页。
所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)(略)Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer( ) 26. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A) In my o pinion, it’s a good idea.B) Our object is to further trade relations.C) Why didn’t you take the offer? D) We often deal with the problem.( ) 27. Johnson has been appointed _________manager of the engineering department to take _________place of George.A)/.../ B)/the.../ C) the...the D) / …the( ) 28. The castle stands in a quiet place_________the main road at the far end of the river.A) to B) for C) off D) out( ) 29. -Who taught________ English last term?- Was_________ Mr. William?A) you …it B)you …he C) your …it D)your …that( ) 30. With the help of their teachers, they have made only_________mistakes this time.A) little B) few C) a little D) a few( )31 .Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of_________.A) knowledge B) energy C) change D) courage( ) 32. -Lucy and Lily look the same. Are they twins?- Yes, but Lucy is_________of them.A) the taller B) the tallest C) taller D)tallest( ) 33. I like this silk dress, and it _________ so soft and comfortable.A) is felt B) is feeling C) feels D)has felt( ) 34. Jeff spent as much time as he could_________baseball.A). played B) play C) playing D) to play( ) 35. - How about going to the movie this weekend?-Sorry, I prefer______ rather than_________.A) staying at home …go out B) to go out …stay at homeC) going out …stay at home D) t o stay at home …go out( ) 36. -Why haven't the students on duty cleaned the classroom yet?-Because they_________a meeting at the moment.A) were having B) are having C) had D)have( ) 37. Tony was late for school this morning because his alarm clock didn’t_________.A) go off B) go away C) go over D) go out( ) 38. Three people got hurt in the car crash yesterday and the injured_________ to the hospital at once.A) took B) has taken C) were taken D)was taken( ) 39. Mike asked me how long_________ .A) I had come to Shanghai B) I had gone to ShanghaiC) I had been in Shanghai D) I have been in Shanghai( ) 40. I _________ in London for many years, but I have never regretted my final decision to move back to China.A) lived B) have lived C) am living D) was lived( ) 41. He_________ films in Asia for more than 30 years by the time he arrived in Canada. A) made B)has made C) had made D)would make( ) 42. At school, some students are active_________some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A) while B) although C) so D) as( ) 43. Most parents don’t know _________their kids are watching on TV.A) when B) where C) what D)why( )44. Time is so precious that you must make full use of it.A) useful B) important C) valuable D) valueless( )45.-Tomorrow I’m going on holiday.- _________! But I will be busy.A) Thank you B) Lucky you C) My pleasure D) Mind youⅢ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be usedA mathematics teacher asks her students to design a floor plan for a community center, including dance areas and a place for a band. Why? Because such a design will ______46____several geometric shapes and a (an) defined area, and the students must use what they have studied about the computation of area to make an ____47_____ plan.A history teacher asks his students to reflect on and write about their experiences holding jobs and their relationships with their employers. Why? Because the students will soon be studying the Industrial Revolution, ___48______ on how it shaped the experiences of and relationships among members of _____49____ social classes in the United States.A science teacher asks her students to prepare statements explaining their position on whether the president should _____50____ an international environmental treaty. Why? Because preparing these statements will engage the students in assessing and applying a number of scientific views on global warming.Anyone alert to current trends in teaching practice will not be surprised by these examples. They illustrate the practice on the part of many teachers to engage students more _____51____in the subject matter they are learning by helping students to draw connectionsbetween their lives and the subject matter, between principles and practice, past and present, and present and future.Yet there is also something ____52_____ about these examples: not what______53____ on the surface but what lies underneath it. These three learning activities were developed with the help of a simple set of guidelines called the Teaching for Understanding Framework.Ⅳ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms54. Patrick had a few _________in his pocket. (penny)55. His small farm was in worse condition than any _______farm in that area. (neighbor)56. Some _______words made us interested in the topic. (invent)57. There are many_______places of interest in Xian. (history)58. After learning the text, the teacher asked me to _______it to the whole class. (tell)59. Tom is good at mathematics. He always _______the maths problems quickly. (solution)60. The _______of the fire dried his shoes on the top of the mountain. (hot)61. Mike does his work so_______ that he often makes mistakes. (care)V. Rewrite the following sentences as required62. My friends lost their way when they were travelling in HK.(改为一般疑问句)_______your friends_______their way when they were travelling in HK ?63. Thousands of people in Taiwan had no houses to live in after the typhoon.(对划线部分提问)What_______ _________thousands of people in Taiwan after the typhoon?64. I don’t think The Old Man and The Sea impressed you deeply.(改为反意疑问句)I don’t think The Old Man and The Sea impressed you deeply, _______ _______?65. I haven’t decided the date for the conference call. (改为简单句)I haven’t decided_______ _______have the conference call.66. You must throw the broken pottery away at once.(改为被动语态)The broken pottery must_______ _______ away at once.67. As we all know, students should study hard.(保持句意基本不变)It is_______ _______that students should study hard.68. cheap, by surface mail, send , decided, package, to , because ,I, the, it’s(连词成句)_____________________________________________________________________Part 3 Reading and Writing(第三部分读写)Ⅵ.Reading comprehensionA. Choose the best answer(A)(A)Which tablet computer should YOU be buying: They are this year's must have... and there's a style to suit everyone?education games (you can buy more). Besides, the LeapPad does not allow access to the internet so it is impossible for your child to stumble across offering from Apple is the one to choose.Pros: No other tablet can compete with the near one million ‘apps’ (the name Apple created for specially-designed downloadable programs)but what if you want to do a bit ofa full-sizethatandshiny screen —when you're tryingdifferent: itslettering imitate69. The underlined phrase ‘stumble across’ most probably means ‘___________’.A. meet withB. quarrel withC. compare withD. compete with70. Which of the following about Surface is NOT TRUE?A. The keyboard will add to the cost.B. The keyboard can serve as a cover.C. You have to pay extra to install Microsoft Word.D. You can watch movies or surf the Internet with it.71. If you are a game lover, which tablet is least likely to be your choice?A. LeapPad Explorer 2.B. iPad 4th generation.C. Microsoft Surface.D. Amazon Kindle Paperwhite.(B)Classified advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising. Such groupings as “Help Wanted”, “Real Estate”, “Lost and Found” are made, the rate charged being less t han for display advertising. Classified advertisements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser.The reader who is interested in a particular kind of advertisement finds all advertisements of that type grouped for him. The advertisers may, on this account, use a very small advertisement if it were placed among larger advertisements in the paper. It is evident that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a different frame of mind from that in which he approaches the other advertisements in the paper. He turns to a page of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely too much extent on display type to get the reader’ s attention. Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type. With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the reader5s attention. In many cases, the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way, the classified advertisement has in reality advertisement. This is particularly true of real estate advertising?72. All of the following facts are advantages of classified advertisement for advertisers EXCEPT that______________.A) classified advertisement charges less moneyB) it is easier to attract the attention of the target consumersC) it provides more information for the readersD) it does not have to rely too much on display type73. One of the examples given of types of classified advertisement isA) houses for saleB) people who are asking for helpC) people who are lostD) job vacancies74. Why have classified advertisements changed in appearance?A) Because people no longer want headlines and pictures.B) Because real estate advertising is particularly truthful now.C) Because the increase in the number of such advertisements means they have to be small now.D) Because there are more advertisements now and more competition among advertisers.B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passageThe universities are schools of education and research but the main reason for their existence is not in the knowledge taught to the students or in the opportunities for the economic or social development resulting from the research findings.The true function of a university is that it keeps the _____75______ between knowledge and the real life. It unites the students with ordinary life in a creative way. The university passes on information, but it conveys the information imaginatively. Imagination is the driving force for the socie ty’s future development. Students’ imagination is the very spirit every university should protect and encourage. A university which ____76____ to do so has no reason for existence. Withimagination, knowledge is not only knowledge: it includes all possibil ities. It’s no longer a ____77____ on students’ memory. It’s food for thought and material for creative inventions.Imagination is not ____78____ knowledge. Instead, it is a way leading to more knowledge. It works by thoroughly studying the current knowledge and then exploring every possibility about the knowledge. In the exploration, new knowledge takes shape. Imagination enables men to construct a new vision of the world and it adds excitement to life through endless possibilities. Imaginative people are restless all along.Youth is imaginative and if the university can help preserve this precious wealth, the power of imagination can ___79_____ changes the world. Besides, it should also be made clear that imagination won’t be most effective without necessa ry experience. The problem of the current world is that those who are imaginative have only little experience while those who are experienced have weak imaginations. The solution left for the universities is to hold together these two factors for the whole human race to____80____ greater development and happiness.75. A. connection B. attraction C. difference D. tradition76. A. tries B. pretends C. fails D. means77. A. burden B. treasure C. schedule D. science78. A. superior to B. familiar with C. separate from D. strict with79. A. temporarily B. carefully C. reluctantly D. finally80. A. require B. fix C. imagine D. achieveC. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper wordsAs further proof that you can now 3D-print anything, a company called Natural Machines has introduced a 3D printer for food.The “Foodini”,as it’s called, isn’t too different from a regular 3D printer, but instead of printing with plastics, it prints eatable ingredients squeezed out of steel capsules(容器):“It’s the same technology,” says Lynette Kucsma, co-founder of Natural Machines, “but with plastics there’s just one melting point, while with food it has different temperatures and consistencies (粘稠度).Also, gravity works a little bit (81)a________ us, as food doesn’t hold the shape as well as plastic.”At the Web Summit technology conference in Dublin, the Barcelona-based startup is (82)s________off the machine, which it says is the only one of its kind capable of printing a wide range of dishes.“In fact, this is a mini food manufacturing plant shrunk down to the size of an oven,” Kucsma said, pointing out that at least in the initial stage the printer will be targeted mostly at professional kitchen users, with a consumer version to (83)f________.In principle, the Foodini sounds like the final laziness aid: press a button to print your food. But Natural Machines is quick to point out that it’s designed to take care only of the difficult and time-consuming parts of food preparation that discourage people from cooking at home, and that it promotes healthy eating by requiring fresh ingredients prepared before printing.Nevertheless, the company is working with (84)m________ food manufacturers to create pre-packaged plastic capsules that can just be loaded into the machine to make food, even though they assure these will be (85)f________ of preservatives, with a shelf life limited to five days.The printing process is slow, but faster than regular 3D printing. Other than being capable ofcreating complex designs, the Foodini can be useful for recipes that require accuracy and skillfulness, like homemade pizza or filled pasta.Currently, the device only prints the food, which must be then cooked as usual. But a (86)f________model will also cook the preparation and produce it ready to eat.The (87)i________ also comes with a social element too. “There’s a touch screen on the front that connects to a recipe site in the cloud, so it’s an internet-of-things, connected kitchen appliance,” said Kucsma. Users will also be able to control the device remotely using a smartphone, and share their recipes with the community.D. Answer the questionsHave you been to zoos? Have you watched circuses(马戏团)?We see animals in zoos and circuses and treat then as trained friends. But could these lovely animals still survive in the wild? The French director Thierry Ragobert tried to give us the answer in his new movie Amazonia. In the movie, a little monkey called Sai experienced a journey back to nature.Sai was born in a circus and raised by human. All he knew was to perform and make people laugh every night. However, his life turned upside down one day. After a plane accident in South America, the little monkey found himself in the jungle(丛林).He was chased by eagles and got sick by eating some unknown plants. Fortunately, another monkey saved him from danger. Sai joined the wild monkeys and soon found that he was so different from the others. He had no skills of hunting and fighting because he had never lived in the wild before. Sai began to learn from the other monkeys since then.This movie was released on the Chinese mainland. It is the first 3D movie in history where all roles are played by real animals. The leading role Sai together with other roles in the film were well-trained animal stars from Brazil’s national zoo. The director sent the animals into the wild and filmed trained animal stars from Brazil’s national zoo. The director sent the animals into the wild and filmed their real life. “I want to know if trained animals can find their survival instincts(本能).” Ragobert says, “I expect this more as an experiment than a film.” People can also see how human activities hurt the Amazon jungle in the movie. It reminds people how and what man took from natural world. The director also says he wishes that seeing nature will help peple think about protecting its beauty.88. Is this French movie about a little monkey?89. When did Sai find himself in the jungle?90. What skills did Sai learn from other monkeys?91. Where did the roles of the movie come from?92. How did the director make the movie?93. Do you think Sai wants to go back to the circus? Give your reason.Ⅶ.Writing105. Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic “ Opportunity and Success”(以“机遇和成功”为题目,写一篇不少于60个词的短文)参考答案:26-30 ADCAD 31-35 BACCD36-40 BACCA41-45CACCB46-53 CGBJD HFE54. pennies 55. neighboring 56. inventive57. historical 58. retell 59. solves 60. heat61. carelessly62. Did, lose 63. happened to 64.65. when to 66. be thrown 67. known that68. I decided to send package by surface mail because it’s cheap.69-71 ACD72- 74 CA D75-80 BCACDD81. against 82. showing 83. follow 84. major 85. free 86. future 84. idea88. 1分:Yes, it is.Yes.89. 2分:After a plane accident in South America90. 2分:He began to learn skills of hunting and fighting from other monkeys91. 2分:They came from Brazil’s national zoo.92. 2分:The director sent the animals into the wild and filmed their real life.93. 1分:Yes. / No. 2分:(Any reasonable answer is acceptable.) 语法错适当扣分。
2017-2018学年上海新华初三九年级上学期期中考化学试卷(含答案)
12 ⨯2+1⨯6+322017 学年第一学期初三化学期中试卷可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Cl-35.5 S-32 Ca-40一、单项选择题(每题 1 分,共 20 分)1、根据你所学的化学知识,判断下列变化不属于化学变化的是( )。
A. 天然气燃烧 B. 酿制酒醋 C. 菜刀生锈 D. 湿衣服晾干2、把少量下列物质分别放到水中,充分搅拌,可以得到溶液的是( )。
A. 面粉 B. 味精 C. 橄榄油 D. 奶粉3、小林同学发现月饼包装袋中有一小包“双吸剂”用来为月饼保鲜。
根据所学知识判断这包“双吸剂”是为了 除去( )。
A. 氧气与氮气B. 氮气与二氧化碳C. 二氧化碳与水蒸气D. 氧气与水蒸气4、下列变化中,氧元素由化合态变为游离态的是( )。
A. 水通电生成氢气和氧气B. 氢气和氧气反应生成水C. 水和生石灰反应生成熟石灰D. 从空气中分离出氧气5、乙硫醇(化学式为 C 2H 6S )易挥发、有蒜臭味,人对该气体及其敏感,下列有关乙硫醇的说法不正确的 是( )。
A. 乙硫醇的摩尔质量为 62g/molB. 乙硫醇由 2 个 C 原子、6 个 H 原子与 1 个 S 原子构成C. 硫元素的质量分数是 32 ⨯100%D. 在管道煤气中添加微量乙硫醇,可以及时发现煤气泄漏6、下列物质中属于氧化物的是( )。
A. 水 B. 氧气 C. 氢氧化钙 D. 碳酸钙7、下列化学用语正确的是( )。
A. 2 个氢原子:H 2B. 熟石灰:CaOC. 硫酸铝:Al 2(SO 4)3D. 胆矾:CuSO 48. 下列实验操作正确的是( )。
第 1 页 / 共 7 页9、质量相等的氮气、氧气、一氧化碳与二氧化硫中,分子数最少的是()。
A.氮气B.氧气C.一氧化碳D.二氧化硫10、地壳中含量最多的金属元素是()。
A.氧B.硅C.铝D.铁11、鉴别空气、氧气和氮气三瓶气体的方法是()。
上海民办华二初级中学初三初三化学初三化学上册期中初三化学模拟试题及答案
上海民办华二初级中学初三化学化学上册期中化学模拟试题及答案一、选择题(培优题较难)1.甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学分别进行了有关化学反应A+B=C的四组实验,各物质的质量如下表所示,已知四位同学取的A和B的总质量均为10g,且反应均完全进行。
下列选项不正确的是A/g B/g C/g甲739乙649丙X Y6丁55ZA.Y可能等于8 B.X可能等于4C.X可能等于8 D.Z一定等于7.52.下列有关水的说法中正确的是()A.水与冰块混合得到混合物B.水的蒸发和水通电分解都属于物理变化C.硬水是指含有较多可溶性钙、镁化合物的水D.水沸腾时可冲起壶盖,说明温度升高分子会变大3.下列有关燃烧和灭火说法正确的是A.油锅着火后向锅中放入菜叶目的是降低油的着火点B.家用煤加工成蜂窝煤是力了增大煤与氧气的接触面积C.高层建筑物起火立即乘电梯撤离D.不慎碰倒了酒精灯,酒精在桌面燃烧,用水来灭火4.宏观辨识和微观剖析是化学核心素养之一。
下列说法正确的是 ( )A.反应前后元素的种类及化合价均未发生改变B.参加反应的和的微粒个数比是4:3C.反应涉及到的物质中,是由原子构成的单质,只有属于氧化物D.该反应生成的单质和化合物的质量比时3:205.实验室常用加热高锰酸钾固体制取氧气,化学方程式为2KMnO4K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑,现对一定量的高锰酸钾固体进行加热,加热过程中涉及的相关量随时间变化的图象正确的是A.B.C.D.6.鉴别二氧化碳、氧气、空气三种气体,可选用的最佳方法是( )A.将气体分别通入水中B.将燃着的木条分别伸入气体中C.将带火星的木条分别伸入气体中D.将气体分别通入澄清石灰水中7.碳酸乙烯酯(C3H4O3)可用作锂电池电解液,下列有关碳酸乙烯酯的说法正确的是A.碳酸乙烯酯的相对分子质量为(12×3+1×4+16×3)gB.碳酸乙烯酯中C、H、O三种元素的质量比为12:1:16C.碳酸乙烯酯中C、H、O三种原子的个数比为3:4:3D.碳酸乙烯酯中碳元素的质量分数= ×100%8.我国古代典籍中有”银针验毒”的记载,“银针验毒”的反应原理之一是4Ag+2H2S +O2=2X+2H2O。
上海市华二附中2017-2018高一第一学期期中化学试卷
上海市华二附中2017-2018高一第一学期期中化学试卷学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、单选题1.卢瑟福发现铀产生的a、b、c三种射线在电场中有如图所示情况。
下列认识错误的是A.c射线是带负电荷的电子流B.b射线是不显电性的波长很短的电磁波C.a射线是氦原子——α粒子D.在科学家的不懈努力下人类打开了原子结构的大门2.中国科学技术名词审定委员会已确定第116号元素Lv的名称为鉝,关于核素293116Lv 的叙述错误的是A.原子序数为116 B.中子数为177C.核外电子数为116 D.该元素的相对原子质量为293 3.下列各对物质中互为同位素的是()①11H、21H;②H2O、D2O;③3517Cl、3717Cl;④金刚石、石墨⑤O2、O3;⑥H2、H+A.①②③B.①③C.③④⑤D.④⑤⑥4.A、B均为短周期元素中的一种,已知A的原子序数为n,A2+离子比B2-离子少8个电子,则B的原子序数为A.n+4 B.n+6 C.n+8 D.n+10 5.“神舟七号”的燃料是氢化锂三兄弟——LiH、LiD、LiT。
其中Li的质量数为7,对这三种物质的下列说法正确的是A.质子数之比为1:2:3 B.中子数之比为1:1:1C.摩尔质量之比为8:9:10 D.化学性质不相同6.下列关于氯气的叙述中,正确的是()A.氯气以液态形式存在时可称为氯水或液氯B.红热的铜丝在氯气中燃烧,冒蓝色烟C .有氯气参加的化学反应必须在溶液中进行D .钠在氯气中燃烧生成白色固体氯化钠7.为了除去粗盐中的2224Ca Mg SO ++-、、及泥沙,可将粗盐溶于水,然后进行下列五项操作。
正确的操作顺序是( )①过滤 ②加过量2BaCl 溶液 ③加过量盐酸④加热煮沸 ⑤加过量的NaOH 溶液 ⑥过量23Na CO 溶液。
A .②⑤⑥①③④B .⑤②⑥③①④C .⑥②⑤③④①D .⑥②①⑤③④ 8.下列叙述中正确的是 ( )①在标准状况下,0.2 mol 任何物质的体积均为4.48 L②当1 mol 气体的体积为22.4 L 时,它一定处于标准状况下③标准状况下,1 L HC1和1 L H 2O 的物质的量相同④标准状况下,lg H 2和14 g N 2的体积相同⑤28 g CO 的体积为22.4 L⑥同温同压下,气体的密度与气体的相对分子质量成正比A .①②③④B .②③⑥C .⑤⑥D .④⑥9.氯元素在自然界有35Cl 和37Cl 两种同位素,在计算式:34.969×75.77%+36.966×24.23%=35.453中( )A .75.77%表示35Cl 的质量分数B .24.23%表示35Cl 的丰度C .35.453表示氯元素的相对原子质量D .36.966表示37Cl 的质量数10.若50滴水正好是mmL ,水的密度为1g •mL -1,则1滴水所含的分子数是( ) A .m ×50×18×6.02×1023 B .23m 6.02105018⨯⨯⨯ C .2318m 6.021050⨯⨯ D .23m 50186.0210⨯⨯⨯ 11.某元素的单质为双原子分子,由于同位素的存在,分子的相对分子质量只有:2n-2,2n ,2n+2三种,当n 为正整数时,该元素同位素的质量数是( )①n 1- ②n 2- ③n ④n+1 ⑤n+2A .①②B .①④C .③⑤D .②⑤12.下列说法正确的是( )A .在化学反应中某元素由化合态变为游离态,该元素一定被还原了.B .失电子能力难的原子获得电子的能力一定强.C .金属单质在反应中只作为还原剂.D .非金属单质在反应中只作为氧化剂.13.如图是某溶液在稀释过程中,溶质的物质的量浓度随溶液体积的变化曲线图,根据图中数据分析可得出a 值等于:A .2B .3C .4D .514.如果把12C 的相对原子质量定义为24,以120.024kg C 所含的C 原子数为阿伏加德罗常数,则在标准状况时下列数值肯定不变的是( )A .浓硫酸(98%)的物质的量浓度B .常温下氯化钠的溶解度C .标准状况下气体摩尔体积.D .1克拉钻石所含的C 原子的物质的量15.欲除去液溴中溶解的少量氯气,可向其中适量添加的试剂及操作方法为( ) A .氢氧化钠溶液、分液B .溴化钠溶液、分液C .硫酸钠溶液、分液D .溴化钾固体、过滤16.从海带中提取碘有如下步骤:①通入足量的Cl 2,②将海带焙烧成灰后加水搅拌,③加CCl 4振荡,④用分液漏斗分液,⑤过滤。
上海华东师范大学第二附属中学初三初三化学上册期中好题精选
上海华东师范大学第二附属中学初三化学上册期中好题精选一、选择题(培优题较难)1.如图是用燃磷法测定“空气中氧气含量”的实验,下列说法正确的是A.装置中的红磷可以用铁丝来代替B.待红磷熄灭并冷却后,打开弹簧夹,再观察现象C.红磷在空气中燃烧产生大量的白雾D.实验测定氧气的质量约占空气总质量的1/52.四种物质在一定的条件下充分混合反应,测得反应前后各物质的质量分数如图所示.则有关说法中不正确的()A.丁一定是化合物B.乙可能是这个反应的催化剂C.生成的甲、丙两物质的质量比为8: 1D.参加反应的丁的质量一定等于生成甲和丙的质量之和3.2017年10月27日央视财经报道:王者归“铼”,中国发现超级金属铼,制造出航空发动机核心部件。
如图是铼在元素周期表中的相关信息,下列有关说法不正确的是()A.铼原子的核内质子数为75 B.铼的相对原子质量为186.2gC.铼的元素符号是Re D.铼原子的核外电子数为754.下列图示中的“错误实验操作”与图下面对应的“可能产生的后果”不一致的是()A.液体喷出B.污染试剂C.酒精溅出D.读数偏大5.下列事实不能作为相应观点的证据的是( )A.尘土飞扬,说明分子是运动的B.电解水得到氢气和氧气,说明分子是可分的C.气体被压缩后体积发生了较大变化,说明气体分子间距较大D.将两个干净平整的铅柱紧压在一起会结合起来,说明分子间存在引力6.逻辑推理是一种重要的化学思维方法,下列推理合理的是()A.在同一化合物中,金属元素显正价,则非金属元素一定显负价B.化学变化伴随着能量变化则有能量变化的一定是化学变化C.单质含有一种元素,则含有一种元素的纯净物一定是单质D.催化剂的质量在反应前后不变,则在反应前后质量不变的物质一定是该反应的催化剂7.在密闭容器内,有甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质,在一定条件下充分反应,测得反应前后各物质的质量分数如图所示,下列说法错误的是()A.该反应符合质量守恒定律B.生成的甲,丙两物质的质量比为8:1C.乙可能是该反应的催化剂D.参加反应的丁的质量等于生成的甲和丙的质量之和8.科学理论在传承中不断发展,科学家们传承前人的正确观点,纠正错误观点,形成科学理论,关于原子结构的学说有:①在球体内充斥正电荷,电子镶嵌其中②原子是可分的③原子呈球形④原子中有带负电的电子⑤原子中有带正电的原子核⑥原子核很小,但集中了原子的大部分质量其中经过卢瑟福传承和发展后形成的观点是()A.②③④⑤⑥B.①②③④C.④⑤⑥D.⑤⑥9.硼是作物生长必需的微量营养元素,硼元素的相关信息如图所示。
上海民办华二初级中学初三化学上册期中试卷(含答案)
上海民办华二初级中学化学上册期中试卷(含答案)一、选择题(培优题较难)1.质量相等的两份氯酸钾,只向其中一份加入少量二氧化锰,同时放在两只试管内加热。
下列有关放出氧气质量(g)与反应时间(t)关系图象(图中是a纯氯酸钾曲线,b是混有二氧化锰的曲线)其中正确是A.A B.B C.C D.D2.碳酸乙烯酯(C3H4O3)可用作锂电池电解液,下列有关碳酸乙烯酯的说法正确的是A.碳酸乙烯酯的相对分子质量为(12×3+1×4+16×3)gB.碳酸乙烯酯中C、H、O三种元素的质量比为12:1:16C.碳酸乙烯酯中C、H、O三种原子的个数比为3:4:3D.碳酸乙烯酯中碳元素的质量分数= ×100%3.对于下列几种化学符号,有关说法正确的是①H ②Fe2+③Cu ④P2O5⑤Fe3+⑥NaClA.能表示一个分子的是①④⑥B.表示物质组成的化学式是③④⑥C.②⑤的质子数相同,化学性质也相同D.④中的数字“5”表示五氧化二磷中有5个氧原子4.我国古代典籍中有”银针验毒”的记载,“银针验毒”的反应原理之一是4Ag+2H2S +O2=2X+2H2O。
下列有关该反应的说法不正确的是A.反应属于氧化反应B.X的化学式是Ag2SC.反应前后元素的种类不变D.反应前后所有元素的化合价都发生了变化5.以下是四种微粒的结构示意图,下列有关各微粒的说法中,错误的是A.①的化学性质比较稳定B.③④属于同种元素C.④是一种阴离子D.②容易得到电子6.下图表示某化学反应的微观示意图,依据图分析判断,下列说法正确的是A .甲物质由5个原子构成B .化学变化的后硅元素的化合价不变C .参加反应的乙的质量和生成的丁中氢元素的质量相等D .参加反应的甲、乙两种物质的分子个数比为l :17.某纯净物3g 在氧气中完全燃烧,生成8.8g 二氧化碳和5.4g 水。
下列说法不正确的是 A .该纯净物中含有C 、H 元素,不含O 元素B .该反应中2O 和2CO 的质量比为14:11C .该反应中2O 和2H O 的分子数之比为7:6D .该纯净物中C 、H 原子的个数比为1:48.某同学误将少量KMnO 4当成MnO 2加入KClO 3中进行加热制取氧气,部分物质质量随时间变化如下图所示,下列关于该过程的说法正确的是( )A .c 代表氧气B .t 2时刻,O 2开始产生C .t 1时刻,KMnO 4开始分解D .起催化作用物质的质量一直保持不变9.下列有关水的说法中正确的是( )A .水与冰块混合得到混合物B .水的蒸发和水通电分解都属于物理变化C .硬水是指含有较多可溶性钙、镁化合物的水D .水沸腾时可冲起壶盖,说明温度升高分子会变大10.质量相等的两份固体,然后分别放在酒精灯上均匀受热,放出氧气的质量(m)随反应时间(t)变化的函数图像(如图,a 为纯净的氯酸钾,b 为加入了高锰酸钾的氯酸钾),正确的是( ) A . B .C.D.11.甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质在反应前后的质量关系如图所示,下列有关说法错误的是A.参加反应的甲和乙质量比为2:7 B.丙可能是该反应的催化剂C.丁一定是化合物D.x的值是712.下图是“尾气催化转换器”将汽车尾气中有毒气体转变为无毒气体的微观示意图,其中不同的圆球代表不同原子。
上海复旦大学第二附属中学九年级上册期中试卷检测题
上海复旦大学第二附属中学九年级上册期中试卷检测题一、初三数学 一元二次方程易错题压轴题(难)1.已知关于x 的一元二次方程kx 2﹣2(k +1)x +k ﹣1=0有两个不相等的实数根x 1,x 2. (1)求k 的取值范围;(2)是否存在实数k ,使1211x x -=1成立?若存在,请求出k 的值;若不存在,请说明理由.【答案】(1)k >﹣13且k ≠0;(2)存在,7k =±详见解析 【解析】【分析】(1)根据一元二次方程的根的判别式,建立关于k 的不等式,求得k 的取值范围.(2)利用根与系数的关系,根据21121211,x x x x x x --=即可求出k 的值,看是否满足(1)中k 的取值范围,从而确定k 的值是否存在.【详解】解:(1)由题意知,k ≠0且△=b 2﹣4ac >0∴b 2﹣4ac =[﹣2(k +1)]2﹣4k (k ﹣1)>0,即4k 2+8k +4﹣4k 2+4k >0,∴12k >﹣4解得:k >13-且k ≠0(2)存在,且7k =±理由如下: ∵12122(1)1,,k k x x x x k k+-+== 又有211212111,x x x x x x --== 2112,x x x x ∴-=22222121122,x x x x x x ∴-+=22121212()4(),x x x x x x ∴+-=2222441()(),k k k k k k+--∴-= 22(22)(44)(1),k k k k ∴+--=-21430,k k ∴--=1,14,3,a b c ==-=-24208,b ac ∴∆=-=1472k ±∴==± k >13-且k ≠0, 172130.21,3-≈--> 17.3+-∴满足条件的k 值存在,且7k =± .【点睛】本题考查的是一元二次方程根的判别式,一元二次方程根与系数的关系,掌握以上知识是解题的关键.2.随着人们经济收入的不断提高及汽车产业的快速发展,汽车已越来越多地进入普通家庭.据某市交通部门统计,2008年底该市汽车拥有量为75万辆,而截止到2010年底,该市的汽车拥有量已达108万辆.(1)求2008年底至2010年底该市汽车拥有量的年平均增长率;(2)为了保护城市环境,缓解汽车拥堵状况,该市交通部门拟控制汽车总量,要求到2012年底全市汽车拥有量不超过125.48万辆;另据统计,从2011年初起,该市此后每年报废的汽车数量是上年底汽车拥有量的10%假设每年新增汽车数量相同,请你估算出该市从2011 年初起每年新增汽车数量最多不超过多少万辆.【答案】解:(1)2008年底至2010年底该市汽车拥有量的年平均增长率是20% (2)从2011年初起每年新增汽车数量最多不超过20万辆【解析】【分析】(1)设年平均增长率x ,根据等量关系“2008年底汽车拥有量×(1+年平均增长率)×(1+年平均增长率)”列出一元二次方程求得.(2)设从2011年初起每年新增汽车的数量y ,根据已知得出2011年报废的车辆是2010年底拥有量×10%,推出2011年底汽车拥有量是2010年底拥有量-2011年报废的车辆=2010年拥有量×(1-10%),得出等量关系是: 2010年拥有量×(1-10%)+新增汽车数量]×(1-10%)+新增汽车数量”,列出一元一次不等式求得.【详解】解:(1)设该市汽车拥有量的年平均增长率为x .根据题意,得75(1+x )2=108,则1+x=±1.2解得x 1=0.2=20%,x 2=﹣2.2(不合题意,舍去).答:该市汽车拥有量的年平均增长率为20%.(2)设全市每年新增汽车数量为y 万辆,则2010年底全市的汽车拥有量为(108×90%+y )万辆,2011年底全市的汽车拥有量为[(108×90%+y )×90%+y]万辆. 根据题意得(108×90%+y )×90%+y≤125.48,解得y≤20.答:该市每年新增汽车数量最多不能超过20万辆.3.机械加工需用油进行润滑以减小摩擦,某企业加工一台设备润滑用油量为90kg ,用油的重复利用率为60%,按此计算,加工一台设备的实际耗油量为36kg ,为了倡导低碳,减少油耗,该企业的甲、乙两个车间都组织了人员为减少实际油耗量进行攻关.(1)甲车间通过技术革新后,加工一台设备润滑油用油量下降到70kg ,用油的重复利用率仍然为60%,问甲车间技术革新后,加工一台设备的实际油耗量是多少千克?(2)乙车间通过技术革新后,不仅降低了润滑油用油量,同时也提高了用油的重复利用率,并且发现在技术革新前的基础上,润滑用油量每减少1kg ,用油的重复利用率将增加1.6%,例如润滑用油量为89kg 时,用油的重复利用率为61.6%.①润滑用油量为80kg ,用油量的重复利用率为多少?②已知乙车间技术革新后实际耗油量下降到12kg ,问加工一台设备的润滑用油量是多少千克?用油的重复利用率是多少?【答案】(1)28(2)①76%②75,84%【解析】试题分析:(1)直接利用加工一台设备润滑油用油量下降到70kg ,用油的重复利用率仍然为60%,进而得出答案;(2)①利用润滑用油量每减少1kg ,用油的重复利用率将增加1.6%,进而求出答案; ②首先表示出用油的重复利用率,进而利用乙车间技术革新后实际耗油量下降到12kg ,得出等式求出答案.试题解析:(1)根据题意可得:70×(1﹣60%)=28(kg );(2)①60%+1.6%(90﹣80)=76%;②设润滑用油量是x 千克,则x{1﹣[60%+1.6%(90﹣x )]}=12,整理得:x 2﹣65x ﹣750=0,(x ﹣75)(x+10)=0,解得:x 1=75,x 2=﹣10(舍去),60%+1.6%(90﹣x )=84%,答:设备的润滑用油量是75千克,用油的重复利用率是84%.考点:一元二次方程的应用4.如图,∠ AOB =90°,且点A ,B 分别在反比例函数1k y x =(x <0),2k y x=(x >0)的图象上,且k 1,k 2分别是方程x 2-x -6=0的两根.(1)求k 1,k 2的值;(2)连接AB ,求tan ∠ OBA 的值.【答案】(1)k1=-2,k2=3.(2)tan∠OBA=63.【解析】解:(1)∵k1,k2分别是方程x2-x-6=0的两根,∴解方程x2-x-6=0,得x1=3,x2=-2.结合图像可知:k1<0,k2>0,∴k1=-2,k2=3.(2)如图,过点A作AC⊥x轴于点C,过点B作BD⊥y轴于点D.[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]由(1)知,点A,B分别在反比例函数2yx=-(x<0),3yx=(x>0)的图象上,∴S△ACO=12×2-=1 ,S△ODB=12×3=32.∵∠ AOB=90°,∴∠ AOC+∠ BOD=90°,∵∠ AOC+∠ OAC=90°,∴∠ OAC=∠ BOD.又∵∠ACO=∠ODB=90°,∴△ACO∽△ODB.∴SSACOODB∆∆=2OAOB⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭=23,∴OAOB=±63(舍负取正),即OAOB=63.∴在Rt△AOB中,tan∠OBA=OAOB=63.5.已知关于x的一元二次方程(x﹣3)(x﹣4)﹣m2=0.(1)求证:对任意实数m,方程总有2个不相等的实数根;(2)若方程的一个根是2,求m的值及方程的另一个根.【答案】(1)证明见解析;(2)m2,方程的另一个根是5.【解析】【分析】(1)先把方程化为一般式,利用根的判别式△=b2-4ac证明判断即可;(2)根据方程的根,利用代入法即可求解m的值,然后还原方程求出另一个解即可.【详解】(1)证明:∵(x﹣3)(x﹣4)﹣m2=0,∴x2﹣7x+12﹣m2=0,∴△=(﹣7)2﹣4(12﹣m2)=1+4m2,∵m2≥0,∴△>0,∴对任意实数m,方程总有2个不相等的实数根;(2)解:∵方程的一个根是2,∴4﹣14+12﹣m2=0,解得m=±,∴原方程为x2﹣7x+10=0,解得x=2或x=5,即m的值为±,方程的另一个根是5.【点睛】此题主要考查了一元二次方程根的判别式,熟练掌握一元二次方程的根的判别式与根的关系是关键.当△=b2-4ac>0时,方程有两个不相等的实数根;当△=b2-4ac=0时,方程有两个相等的实数根;当△=b2-4ac<0时,方程没有实数根.二、初三数学二次函数易错题压轴题(难)6.如图,在平面直角坐标系x O y中,抛物线y = ax2+ bx + c经过A、B、C三点,已知点A (-3,0),B(0,3),C(1,0).(1)求此抛物线的解析式;(2)点P是直线AB上方的抛物线上一动点,(不与点A、B重合),过点P作x轴的垂线,垂足为F,交直线AB于点E,作PD⊥AB于点D.动点P在什么位置时,△PDE的周长最大,求出此时P点的坐标;(3)在直线x = -2上是否存在点M,使得∠MAC = 2∠MCA,若存在,求出M点坐标.若不存在,说明理由.【答案】(1)y=-x2-2x+3;(2)点(-32,154),△PDE的周长最大;(3)点M(-2,3)或(-2,3【分析】(1)将A、B、C三点代入,利用待定系数法求解析式;(2)根据坐标发现,△AOB是等腰直角三角形,故只需使得PD越大,则△PDE的周长越大.联立直线AB与抛物线的解析式可得交点P坐标;(3)作点A关于直线x=-2的对称点D,利用∠MAC = 2∠MCA可推导得MD=CD,进而求得ME的长度,从而得出M坐标【详解】解:(1)∵抛物线y=ax2+bx+c经过点A(-3,0),B(0,3),C(1,0),∴9303a b cca b c-+=⎧⎪=⎨⎪++=⎩,解得:123abc=-⎧⎪=-⎨⎪=⎩,所以,抛物线的解析式为y=-x2-2x+3;(2)∵A(-3,0),B(0,3),∴OA=OB=3,∴△AOB是等腰直角三角形,∴∠BAO=45°,∵PF⊥x轴,∴∠AEF=90°-45°=45°,又∵PD⊥AB,∴△PDE是等腰直角三角形,∴PD越大,△PDE的周长越大,易得直线AB的解析式为y=x+3,设与AB平行的直线解析式为y=x+m,联立223y x my x x=+⎧⎨=--+⎩,消掉y得,x2+3x+m-3=0,当△=9-4(m-3)=0,即m=214时,直线与抛物线只有一个交点,PD最长,此时x=-32,y=154,∴点(-32,154),△PDE的周长最大;(3)设直线x=-2与x轴交于点E,作点A关于直线x=-2的对称点D,则D(-1,0),连接MA,MD,MC.∴MA=MD,∠MAC=∠MDA=2∠MCA ,∴∠CMD=∠DCM∴MD=CD=2 ,∴3∴点M(-23)或(-2,3本题是动点和最值的考查,在解决动点问题时,寻找出不变量来分析是解题关键,最值问题,通常利用对称来简化分析7.如图,抛物线2(0)y ax bx c a=++≠与坐标轴的交点为()30A-,,()10B,,()0,3C-,抛物线的顶点为D.(1)求抛物线的解析式.(2)若E为第二象限内一点,且四边形ACBE为平行四边形,求直线CE的解析式.(3)P为抛物线上一动点,当PAB∆的面积是ABD∆的面积的3倍时,求点P的坐标.【答案】(1)223y x x=+-;(2)33y x=--;(3)点P的坐标为()5,12-或()3,12.【解析】【分析】(1)本题考查二次函数解析式的求法,可利用待定系数法,将点带入求解;(2)本题考查二次函数平行四边形存在性问题,可根据题干信息结合平行四边形性质确定动点位置,进一步利用待定系数法求解一次函数解析式;(3)本题考查二次函数与三角形面积问题,可先根据题干面积关系假设动点坐标,继而带入二次函数,列方程求解.【详解】(1)∵抛物线2y ax bx c=++与坐标轴的交点为()30A-,,()10B,,()0,3C-,∴9303a b ca b cc-+=⎧⎪++=⎨⎪=-⎩,解得123abc=⎧⎪=⎨⎪=-⎩∴抛物线的解析式为223y x x=+-.(2)如图,过点E作EH x⊥轴于点H,则由平行四边形的对称性可知1AH OB ==,3EH OC ==.∵3OA =,∴2OH =,∴点E 的坐标为()2,3-.∵点C 的坐标为()0,3-,∴设直线CE 的解析式为()30y kx k =-<将点()2,3E -代入,得233k --=,解得3k =-,∴直线CE 的解析式为33y x =--.(3)∵2223(1)4y x x x =+-=+-,∴抛物线的顶点为()1,4D --.∵PAB ∆的面积是ABD ∆的面积的3倍,∴设点P 为(),12t .将点(),12P t 代入抛物线的解析式223y x x =+-中, 得22312t t +-=,解得3t =或5t =-,故点P 的坐标为()5,12-或()3,12.【点睛】本题考查二次函数与几何的综合,利用待定系数法求解解析式时还可以假设交点式,几何图形存在性问题求解往往需要利用其性质,假设动点坐标,列方程求解.8.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,矩形AOBC 的边AO 在x 轴的负半轴上,边OB 在y 轴的负半轴上.且AO =12,OB =9.抛物线y =﹣x 2+bx+c 经过点A 和点B .(1)求抛物线的表达式;(2)在第二象限的抛物线上找一点M ,连接AM ,BM ,AB ,当△ABM 面积最大时,求点M 的坐标;(3)点D 是线段AO 上的动点,点E 是线段BO 上的动点,点F 是射线AC 上的动点,连接EF ,DF ,DE ,BD ,且EF 是线段BD 的垂直平分线.当CF =1时.①直接写出点D 的坐标 ;②若△DEF 的面积为30,当抛物线y =﹣x 2+bx+c 经过平移同时过点D 和点E 时,请直接写出此时的抛物线的表达式 .【答案】(1)y=﹣x2﹣514x﹣9;(2)M(﹣6,31.5);(3)①(﹣50)或(﹣3,0),②y=﹣x2﹣133x﹣4【解析】【分析】(1)利用待定系数法把问题转化为解方程组即可解决问题.(2)如图1中,设M(m,﹣m2﹣514m﹣9),根据S△ABM=S△ACM+S△MBC﹣S△ACB构建二次函数,利用二次函数的性质解决问题即可.(3)①分两种情形:如图2中,当点F在AC的延长线设时,连接DF,FB.设D(m,0).根据FD=FB,构建方程求解.当点F在线段AC上时,同法可得.②根据三角形的面积求出D,E的坐标,再利用待定系数法解决问题即可.【详解】解:(1)由题意A(﹣12,0),B(0,﹣9),把A,B的坐标代入y=﹣x2+bx+c,得到9 144120cb c=-⎧⎨--+=⎩,解得:5149bc⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=-⎩,∴抛物线的解析式为y=﹣x2﹣514x﹣9.(2)如图1中,设M(m,﹣m2﹣514m﹣9),S△ABM=S△ACM+S△MBC﹣S△ACB=12×9×(m+12)+12×12×(﹣m2﹣514m﹣9+9)﹣12×12×9=﹣6m2﹣72m=﹣6(m+6)2+216,∵﹣6<0,∴m=﹣6时,△ABM的面积最大,此时M(﹣6,31.5).(3)①如图2中,当点F在AC的延长线设时,连接DF,FB.设D(m,0).∵EF垂直平分线段BD,∴FD=FB,∵F(﹣12,﹣10),B(0,﹣9),∴102+(m+12)2=122+12,∴m=﹣12﹣55∴D(﹣50).当点F在线段AC上时,同法可得D(﹣3,0),综上所述,满足条件的点D的坐标为(﹣50)或(﹣3,0).故答案为(﹣50)或(﹣3,0).②由①可知∵△EF的面积为30,∴D(﹣3,0),E(0,﹣4),把D,E代入y=﹣x2+b′x+c′,可得'493''0c b c =-⎧⎨--+=⎩, 解得:13'3'4b c ⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=-⎩,∴抛物线的解析式为y =﹣x 2﹣133x ﹣4. 故答案为:y =﹣x 2﹣133x ﹣4. 【点睛】本题属于二次函数综合题,考查了二次函数的性质,待定系数法,线段的垂直平分线的性质等知识,解题的关键是学会用分类讨论的思想思考问题,属于中考压轴题.9.平面直角坐标系xOy 中,对于任意的三个点A 、B 、C ,给出如下定义:若矩形的任何一条边均与某条坐标轴平行,且A ,B ,C 三点都在矩形的内部或边界上,则称该矩形为点A ,B ,C 的“三点矩形”.在点A ,B ,C 的所有“三点矩形”中,若存在面积最小的矩形,则称该矩形为点A ,B ,C 的“最佳三点矩形”.如图1,矩形DEFG ,矩形IJCH 都是点A ,B ,C 的“三点矩形”,矩形IJCH 是点A ,B ,C 的“最佳三点矩形”.如图2,已知M (4,1),N (﹣2,3),点P (m ,n ).(1)①若m =1,n =4,则点M ,N ,P 的“最佳三点矩形”的周长为 ,面积为 ;②若m =1,点M ,N ,P 的“最佳三点矩形”的面积为24,求n 的值;(2)若点P 在直线y =﹣2x +4上.①求点M ,N ,P 的“最佳三点矩形”面积的最小值及此时m 的取值范围;②当点M ,N ,P 的“最佳三点矩形”为正方形时,求点P 的坐标;(3)若点P (m ,n )在抛物线y =ax 2+bx +c 上,且当点M ,N ,P 的“最佳三点矩形”面积为12时,﹣2≤m ≤﹣1或1≤m ≤3,直接写出抛物线的解析式.【答案】(1)①18,18;②或5;(2)①最小值为12,;②点的坐标为或;(3),或.【解析】【分析】(1)①根据题意,易得M、N、P的“最佳三点矩形”的周长和面积②先求出和的值,再根据m=1以及M、N、P的“最佳三点矩形”的面积是24,可分析出此矩形的邻边长分别为6、4进而求出n的值(2)①结合图形,易得M、N、P的“最佳三点矩形”的面积的最小值,分别将对应的值代入y=-2x+4即可求出m的取值范围②当M、N、P的“最佳三点矩形”为正方形时,易得边长为6,将对应的值代入y=-2x+4即可求出P点坐标(3)根据题意画出图像,易得抛物线的解析式【详解】解:(1)①如图,过P做直线AB平行于x轴,过N做直线AC平行于y轴,过M做MB平行于y轴,分别交于点A(-2,4)、C(-2,1)、B(4,1)则AC=BM=3,AB=CM=6故周长=(3+6)=18,面积=3=18故M、N、P的“最佳三点矩形”的周长和面积分别为18,18;②∵M(4,1),N(-2,3)∴,又∵m=1,点M、N、P的“最佳三点矩形”的面积为24∴此矩形的邻边长分别为6,4∴n=-1或5(2)如图1,①易得点M、N、P的“最佳三点矩形”的面积的最小值为12;分别将y=3,y=1代入y=-2x+4,可得x分别为,结合图象可知:②当点M 、N 、P 的“最佳三点矩形”为正方形,边长为6,分别将y=7,y=-3代入y=-2x+4 ,可得分别为, 点P 的坐标为(,7)或( ,-3) (3)如图2,y=+或y=+【点睛】此题比较灵活,读懂题意,画出图像求解是解题关键10.如图,经过原点的抛物线2y ax x b =-+与直线2y =交于A ,C 两点,其对称轴是直线2x =,抛物线与x 轴的另一个交点为D ,线段AC 与y 轴交于点B .(1)求抛物线的解析式,并写出点D 的坐标;(2)若点E 为线段BC 上一点,且2EC EA -=,点(0,)P t 为线段OB 上不与端点重合的动点,连接PE ,过点E 作直线PE 的垂线交x 轴于点F ,连接PF ,探究在P 点运动过程中,线段PE ,PF 有何数量关系?并证明所探究的结论;(3)设抛物线顶点为M ,求当t 为何值时,DMF ∆为等腰三角形? 【答案】(1)214y x x =-;点D 的坐标为(4,0);(2)5PF PE =,理由见解析;(3)512t +=或98t = 【解析】【分析】 (1)先求出a 、b 的值,然后求出解析式,再求出点D 的坐标即可;(2)由题意,先求出点E 的坐标,然后证明Rt Rt PBE FHE ∆∆∽,得到2EF PE =,结合勾股定理,即可得到答案;(3)根据题意,可分为三种情况进行分析:FM FD =或DF DM =或FM MD =,分别求出三种情况的值即可.【详解】解:(1)∵抛物线2y ax x b =-+经过原点,∴0b =.又抛物线的对称轴是直线2x =,∴122a --=,解得:14a =.∴抛物线的解析式为:214y x x =-.令2104y x x =-=,解得:10x =,24x =.∴点D 的坐标为(4,0).(2)线段PE 、PF 的数量关系为:5PF PE =.证明:由抛物线的对称性得线段AC 的中点为(2,2)G ,如图①,AE EG GC +=,∴EG GC AE =-,∴EG EG EG GC AE EC EA +=+-=-,∵2EC EA -=,∴1EG =,∴(1,2)E ,过点E 作EH x ⊥轴于H ,则2EH OB ==.∵PE EF ⊥,∴90PEF ∠=︒,∵BE EH ⊥,∴90BEH ∠=︒.∴PEB HEF ∠=∠.在Rt PBE ∆与Rt FHE ∆中,∵PEB HEF ∠=∠,90EHF EBP ∠=∠=︒,∴Rt Rt PBE FHE ∆∆∽,∴12PE BE EF HE ==, ∴2EF PE =.在Rt PEF ∆中,由勾股定理得:222222(2)5PF PE EF PE PE PE =+=+=, ∴5PF PE =.(3)由2211(2)144y x x x =-=--, ∴顶点M 坐标为(2,1)-.若DMF ∆为等腰三角形,可能有三种情形:(I )若FM FD =.如图②所示:连接MG 交x 轴于点N ,则90MNF ∠=︒,∵(4,0)D ,∴2222125MD MN ND =+=+=设FM FD k ==,则2NF k =-.在Rt MNF ∆中,由勾股定理得:222NF MN MF +=,∴22(2)1k k -+=,解得:54k =, ∴54FM =,34NF =, ∴1MN =,即点M 的纵坐标为1-;令1y =-,则2114x x -=-, ∴2x =,即ON=2,∴OF=114, ∴11,04F ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭. ∵(1,2)E ,∴1,2BE BP t ==-, ∴221(2)PE t =+-,∴251(2)PF t =•+-,在Rt △OPF 中,由勾股定理,得222OP OF PF +=,∴22211()55(2)4t t +=+-, ∴98t =. (II )若DF DM =.如图③所示:此时5FD DM ==∴45OF =,∴(45,0)F ,由(I )知,221(2)PE t =+-,251(2)PF t =+-在Rt △OPF 中,由勾股定理,得222OP OF PF +=,∴222(45)55(2)t t +-=+-∴512t =. (III )若FM MD =.由抛物线对称性可知,此时点F 与原点O 重合.∵PE EF ⊥,点P 在直线AC 上方,与点P 在线段OB 上运动相矛盾,故此种情形不存在.【点睛】本题考查的是二次函数综合运用,涉及到相似三角形的判定和性质,一次函数的性质,等腰三角形的性质,全等三角形的判定和性质,以及勾股定理等知识,其中(3),要注意分类求解,避免遗漏.三、初三数学旋转易错题压轴题(难)11.探究:如图①和②,在四边形ABCD中,AB=AD,∠BAD=90°,点E、F分别在BC、CD 上,∠EAF=45°.(1)如图①,若∠B、∠ADC都是直角,把ABE△绕点A逆时针旋转90°至△ADG,使AB与AD重合,则能得EF=BE+DF,请写出推理过程;(2)如图②,若∠B、∠D都不是直角,则当∠B与∠D满足数量关系时,仍有EF=BE+DF;(3)拓展:如图③,在ABC中,∠BAC=90°,AB=AC=22,点D、E均在边BC上,且∠DAE=45°.若BD=1,求DE的长.【答案】(1)见解析;(2)∠B+∠D=180°;(3)5 3【解析】【分析】(1)根据已知条件证明△EAF≌△GAF,进而得到EF=FG,即可得到答案;(2)先作辅助线,把△ABE绕A点旋转到△ADG,使AB和AD重合,根据(1),要使EF=BE+DF,需证明△EAF≌△GAF,因此需证明F、D、G在一条直线上,即180ADG ADF∠+∠=︒,即180B D∠+∠=︒;(3)先作辅助线,把△AEC绕A点旋转到△AFB,使AB和AC重合,连接DF,根据已知条件证明△FAD≌△EAD,设DE=x,则DF=x,BF=CE=3﹣x,然后再Rt BDF中根据勾股定理即可求出x的值,即DE的长.【详解】(1)解:如图,∵把△ABE 绕点A 逆时针旋转90°至△ADG ,使AB 与AD 重合,∴AE=AG ,∠BAE=∠DAG ,BE=DG ,∵∠BAD=90°,∠EAF=45°,∴∠BAE+∠DAF=45°,∴∠DAG+∠DAF=45°,即∠EAF=∠GAF=45°,在△EAF 和△GAF 中AF AF EAF GAF AE AG =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩∴△EAF ≌△GAF (SAS ),∴EF=GF ,∵BE=DG ,∴EF=GF=BE+DF ;(2)解:∠B+∠D=180°,理由是:如图,把△ABE 绕A 点旋转到△ADG ,使AB 和AD 重合,则AE=AG ,∠B=∠ADG ,∠BAE=∠DAG ,∵∠B+∠ADC=180°,∴∠ADC+∠ADG=180°,∴F 、D 、G 在一条直线上,和(1)类似,∠EAF=∠GAF=45°,在△EAF 和△GAF 中AF AF EAF GAF AE AG =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩∴△EAF≌△GAF(SAS),∴EF=GF,∵BE=DG,∴EF=GF=BE+DF;故答案为:∠B+∠D=180°;(3)解:∵△ABC中,AB=AC=22,∠BAC=90°,∴∠ABC=∠C=45°,由勾股定理得:BC=22AB AC+=4,如图,把△AEC绕A点旋转到△AFB,使AB和AC重合,连接DF.则AF=AE,∠FBA=∠C=45°,∠BAF=∠CAE,∵∠DAE=45°,∴∠FAD=∠FAB+∠BAD=∠CAE+∠BAD=∠BAC﹣∠DAE=90°﹣45°=45°,∴∠FAD=∠DAE=45°,在△FAD和△EAD中AD ADFAD EADAF AE=⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩∴△FAD≌△EAD,∴DF=DE,设DE=x,则DF=x,∵BD=1,∴BF=CE=4﹣1﹣x=3﹣x,∵∠FBA=45°,∠ABC=45°,∴∠FBD=90°,由勾股定理得:222DF BF BD=+,22(3)1x x=-+,解得:x=53,即DE=53.【点睛】本题综合考查三角形的性质和判定、正方形的性质应用、全等三角形的性质和判定、勾股定理等知识,解题关键在于正确做出辅助线得出全等三角形.12.已知:如图①,在矩形ABCD 中,3,4,AB AD AE BD ==⊥,垂足是E .点F 是点E 关于AB 的对称点,连接AF 、BF .(1)求AF 和BE 的长;(2)若将ABF 沿着射线BD 方向平移,设平移的距离为m (平移距离指点B 沿BD 方向所经过的线段长度).当点F 分别平移到线段AB AD 、上时,直接写出相应的m 的值. (3)如图②,将ABF 绕点B 顺时针旋转一个角1(080)a a ︒<<︒,记旋转中ABF 为''A BF ,在旋转过程中,设''A F 所在的直线与直线AD 交于点P ,与直线BD 交于点Q .是否存在这样的P Q 、两点,使DPQ 为等腰三角形?若存在,求出此时DQ 的长;若不存在,请说明理由.【答案】(1)129,55AF BF ==;(2)95m =或165m =;(3)存在4组符合条件的点P 、点Q ,使DPQ 为等腰三角形; DQ 的长度分别为2或25891055或35105【解析】【分析】 (1)利用矩形性质、勾股定理及三角形面积公式求解;(2)依题意画出图形,如图①-1所示.利用平移性质,确定图形中的等腰三角形,分别求出m 的值;(3)在旋转过程中,等腰△DPQ 有4种情形,分别画出图形,对于各种情形分别进行计算即可.【详解】(1)∵四边形ABCD 是矩形,∴∠BAD=90°,在Rt △ABD 中,AB=3,AD=4,由勾股定理得:2222345AB AD +=+=, ∵S △ABD 12=BD•AE=12AB•AD , ∴AE=AB AD 3412BD 55⋅⨯==,∵点F是点E关于AB的对称点,∴AF=AE125=,BF=BE,∵AE⊥BD,∴∠AEB=90°,在Rt△ABE中,AB=3,AE125 =,由勾股定理得:BE2222129355 AB AE⎛⎫=-=-=⎪⎝⎭;(2)设平移中的三角形为△A′B′F′,如图①-1所示:由对称点性质可知,∠1=∠2.BF=BE95 =,由平移性质可知,AB∥A′B′,∠4=∠1,BF=B′F′95 =,①当点F′落在AB上时,∵AB∥A′B′,∴∠3=∠4,根据平移的性质知:∠1=∠4,∴∠3=∠2,∴BB′=B′F′95=,即95m=;②当点F′落在AD上时,∵AB∥A′B′,AB⊥AD,∴∠6=∠2,A′B′⊥AD,∵∠1=∠2,∠5=∠1,∴∠5=∠6,又知A′B′⊥AD,∴△B′F′D为等腰三角形,∴B′D=B′F′95 =,∴BB′=BD-B′D=5-91655=,即m165=;(3)存在.理由如下:∵四边形ABCD是矩形,∴∠BAD=90°,∵AE⊥BD,∴∠AEB=90°,∠2+∠ABD=90°,∠BAE+∠ABD=90°,∴∠2=∠BAE,∵点F是点E关于AB的对称点,∴∠1=∠BAE,∴∠1=∠2,在旋转过程中,等腰△DPQ依次有以下4种情形:①如图③-1所示,点Q落在BD延长线上,且PD=DQ,则∠Q=∠DPQ,∴∠2=∠Q+∠DPQ=2∠Q,∵∠1=∠3+∠Q,∠1=∠2,∴∠3=∠Q,∴A′Q=A′B=3,∴F′Q=F′A′+A′Q=1227355+=,在Rt△BF′Q中,由勾股定理得:2222927910 BF F Q55⎛⎫⎛⎫+=+=⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭'',∴9105;②如图③-2所示,点Q落在BD上,且PQ=DQ,则∠2=∠P,∵∠1=∠2,∴∠1=∠P,∴BA′∥PD,则此时点A′落在BC边上.∵∠3=∠2,∴∠3=∠1,∴BQ=A′Q,∴F′Q=F′A′-A′Q=125-BQ,在Rt△BQF′中,由勾股定理得:BF′2+F′Q2=BQ2,即:222 91255BQ BQ⎛⎫⎛⎫+-=⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,解得:158 BQ=,∴DQ= BD-BQ=5-1525 88=;③如图③-3所示,点Q落在BD上,且PD=DQ,则∠3=∠4.∵∠2+∠3+∠4=180°,∠3=∠4,∴∠4=90°-12∠2.∵∠1=∠2,∴∠4=90°-12∠1,∴∠A′QB=∠4=90°-12∠1, ∴∠A′QB=∠A′BQ , ∴A′Q=A′B=3, ∴F′Q=A′Q -A′F′=3-12355=, 在Rt △BF′Q 中,由勾股定理得:BQ=222293310BF F Q 555⎛⎫⎛⎫+=+= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭'', ∴DQ=BQ-BD=31055-; ④如图④-4所示,点Q 落在BD 上,且PQ=PD ,则∠2=∠3.∵∠1=∠2,∠3=∠4,∠2=∠3, ∴∠1=∠4, ∴BQ=BA′=3, ∴DQ=BD-BQ=5-3=2.综上所述,存在4组符合条件的点P 、点Q ,使△DPQ 为等腰三角形,DQ 的长度分别为:2或25891055或35105 【点睛】本题是四边形综合题目,主要考查了矩形的性质、轴对称的性质、平移的性质、旋转的性质、勾股定理、等腰三角形的性质等知识点;第(3)问难度很大,解题关键是画出各种旋转图形,依题意进行分类讨论.13.综合与探究:如图1,Rt AOB 的直角顶点O 在坐标原点,点A 在y 轴正半轴上,点B 在x 轴正半轴上,4OA =,2OB =,将线段AB 绕点B 顺时针旋转90︒得到线段BC ,过点C 作CD x ⊥轴于点D ,抛物线23y ax x c =++经过点C ,与y 轴交于点(0,2)E ,直线AC 与x 轴交于点H .(1)求点C 的坐标及抛物线的表达式;(2)如图2,已知点G 是线段AH 上的一个动点,过点G 作AH 的垂线交抛物线于点F (点F 在第一象限),设点G 的横坐标为m . ①点G 的纵坐标用含m 的代数式表示为________;②如图3,当直线FG 经过点B 时,求点F 的坐标,判断四边形ABCF 的形状并证明结论;③在②的前提下,连接FH ,点N 是坐标平面内的点,若以F ,H ,N 为顶点的三角形与FHC 全等,请直接写出点N 的坐标.【答案】(1)点C 的坐标为(6,2),21322y x x =-++;(2)①143m -+;②点F 的坐标为(4,6),四边形ABCF 为正方形,证明见解析;③点N 的坐标为(10,4)或4226,55⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭或384,55⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭. 【解析】 【分析】(1)根据已知条件与旋转的性质证明ABO BCD ≌,根据全等三角形的性质得出点C 的坐标,结合点E 的坐标,根据待定系数法求出抛物线的表达式;(2)①设直线AC 的表达式为y kx b =+,由点A 、C 的坐标求出直线AC 的表达式,进而得解;②过点G 作GM x ⊥轴于点M ,过点F 作FP y ⊥轴,垂足为点P ,PF 的延长线与DC 的延长线交于点Q ,根据等腰三角形三线合一得出AG CG =,结合①由平行线分线段成比例得出点G 的坐标,根据待定系数法求出直线BG 的表达式,结合抛物线的表达式求出点F ;利用勾股定理求出AB BC CF FA ===,结合90ABC ︒∠=可得出结论; ③根据直线AC 的表达式求出点H 的坐标,设点N 坐标为(,)s t ,根据勾股定理分别求出2FC ,2CH ,2FN ,2NH ,然后分两种情况考虑:若△FHC ≌△FHN ,则FN =FC ,NH=CH ,若△FHC ≌△HFN ,则FN =CH ,NH =FC ,分别列式求解即可. 【详解】 解:(1)4=OA ,2OB =,∴点A 的坐标为(0,4),点B 的坐标为(2,0),线段AB 绕点B 顺时针旋转90︒得到线段BC ,AB BC ∴=,90ABC ︒∠=,90ABO DBC ︒∴∠+∠=,在Rt AOB 中,90ABO OAB ︒∴∠+∠=,=OAB DBC ∴∠∠,CD x ⊥轴于点D ,90BDC ︒∴∠=, 90AOB BDC ︒∴∠=∠=.AB BC =,ABO BCD ∴△≌△,2CD OB ∴==,4BD OA ==, 6OB BD ∴+=,∴点C 的坐标为(6,2),∵抛物线23y ax x c =++的图象经过点C ,与y 轴交于点(0,2)E ,236182c a c =⎧∴⎨++=⎩, 解得,122a c ⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=⎩,∴抛物线的表达式为21322y x x =-++; (2)①设直线AC 的表达式为y kx b =+, ∵直线AC 经过点()6,2C ,(0,4)A ,∴624k b b +=⎧⎨=⎩,解得,134k b ⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=⎩,即143y x =-+,∴点G 的纵坐标用含m 的代数式表示为:143m -+,故答案为:143m -+.②过点G 作GM x ⊥轴于点M ,OM m ∴=,143GM m =-+,AB BC =,BG AC ⊥, AG CG ∴=,90AOB GMH CDH ︒∠=∠=∠=,OA GM CD ∴,1OM AGMD GC∴==, 132OM MD OD ∴===,3m ∴=,1433m -+=,∴点G 为(3,3),设直线BG 的表达式为y kx b =+,将(3,3)G 和(2,0)B 代入表达式得,2033k b k b +=⎧⎨+=⎩,36k b =⎧∴⎨=-⎩,即表达式为36y x =-, 点F 为直线BG 和抛物线的交点,∴得2132362x x x -++=-, 14x ∴=,24x =-(舍去), ∴点F 的坐标为(4,6),过点F 作FP y ⊥轴,垂足为点P ,PF 的延长线与DC 的延长线交于点Q ,4PF ∴=,2AP =,2FQ =,4CQ =,在Rt AFP △中和Rt FCQ △中,根据勾股定理,得25AF FC ==, 同理可得25AB BC ==,AB BC CF FA ∴===, ∴四边形ABCF 为菱形, 90ABC ︒∠=, ∴菱形ABCF 为正方形;③∵直线AC :143y x =-+与x 轴交于点H , ∴1403x -+=, 解得,x =12, ∴(12,0)H ,∴222(64)(26)20FC =-+-=,222(126)(02)40CH =-+-=, 设点N 坐标为(,)s t ,∴222(4)(6)FN s t =-+-,222(12)(0)NH s t =-+-, 第一种情况:若△FHC ≌△FHN ,则FN =FC ,NH =CH ,∴2222(4)(6)20(12)40s t s t ⎧-+-=⎨-+=⎩, 解得,11425265s t ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩,2262s t =⎧⎨=⎩(即点C ),∴4226,55N ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭; 第二种情况:若△FHC ≌△HFN ,则FN =CH ,NH =FC ,∴2222(4)(6)40(12)20s t s t ⎧-+-=⎨-+=⎩, 解得,1138545s t ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩,22104s t =⎧⎨=⎩,∴384,55N ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭或(10,4)N , 综上所述,以F ,H ,N 为顶点的三角形与△FHC 全等时,点N 坐标为(10,4)或4226,55⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭或384,55⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭. 【点睛】本题是函数与几何的综合题,考查了待定系数法求函数的表达式,全等三角形的判定与性质,菱形与正方形的判定,旋转的性质,勾股定理等知识,其中对全等三角形存在性的分析,因有一条公共边,可对另外两边进行分类讨论,本题有一定的难度,是中考压轴题.14.如图,在直角坐标系中,已知点A (-1,0)、B (0,2),将线段AB 绕点A 按逆时针方向旋转90°至AC .(1)点C 的坐标为( , ); (2)若二次函数的图象经过点C . ①求二次函数的关系式;②当-1≤x≤4时,直接写出函数值y对应的取值范围;Z_X_X_K]③在此二次函数的图象上是否存在点P(点C除外),使△ABP是以AB为直角边的等腰直角三角形?若存在,求出所有点P的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.【答案】(1) ∴点C的坐标为(-3,1) .(2)①∵二次函数的图象经过点C(-3,1),∴.解得∴二次函数的关系式为②当-1≤x≤4时,≤y≤8;③过点C作CD⊥x轴,垂足为D,i) 当A为直角顶点时,延长CA至点,使,则△是以AB为直角边的等腰直角三角形,过点作⊥轴,∵=,∠=∠,∠=∠=90°,∴△≌△,∴AE=AD=2,=CD=1,∴可求得的坐标为(1,-1),经检验点在二次函数的图象上;ii)当B点为直角顶点时,过点B作直线L⊥BA,在直线L上分别取,得到以AB为直角边的等腰直角△和等腰直角△,作⊥y轴,同理可证△≌△∴BF=OA=1,可得点的坐标为(2, 1),经检验点在二次函数的图象上.同理可得点的坐标为(-2, 3),经检验点不在二次函数的图象上综上:二次函数的图象上存在点(1,-1),(2,1)两点,使得△和△是以AB为直角边的等腰直角三角形.【解析】(1)根据旋转的性质得出C点坐标;(2)①把C点代入求得二次函数的解析式;②利用二次函数的图象得出y的取值范围;③分二种情况进行讨论.15.已知:△ABC和△ADE均为等边三角形,连接BE,CD,点F,G,H分别为DE,BE,CD中点.(1)当△ADE绕点A旋转时,如图1,则△FGH的形状为,说明理由;(2)在△ADE旋转的过程中,当B,D,E三点共线时,如图2,若AB=3,AD=2,求线段FH的长;(3)在△ADE旋转的过程中,若AB=a,AD=b(a>b>0),则△FGH的周长是否存在最大值和最小值,若存在,直接写出最大值和最小值;若不存在,说明理由.【答案】(1)△FGH是等边三角形;(261;(3)△FGH的周长最大值为32(a+b),最小值为32(a﹣b).【解析】试题分析:(1)结论:△FGH是等边三角形.理由如下:根据三角形中位线定理证明FG=FH,再想办法证明∠GFH=60°即可解决问题;、(2)如图2中,连接AF、EC.在Rt△AFE和Rt△AFB中,解直角三角形即可;(3)首先证明△GFH的周长=3GF=32BD,求出BD的最大值和最小值即可解决问题;试题解析:解:(1)结论:△FGH是等边三角形.理由如下:如图1中,连接BD、CE,延长BD交CE于M,设BM交FH于点O.∵△ABC和△ADE均为等边三角形,∴AB=AC,AD=AE,∠BAC=∠DAE,∴∠BAD=∠CAE,∴△BAD≌△CAE,∴BD=CE,∠ADB=∠AEC,∵EG=GB,EF=FD,∴FG=12BD,GF∥BD,∵DF=EF,DH=HC,∴FH=12EC,FH∥EC,∴FG=FH,∵∠ADB+∠ADM=180°,∴∠AEC+∠ADM=180°,∴∠DMC+∠DAE=180°,∴∠DME=120°,∴∠BMC=60°∴∠GFH=∠BOH=∠BMC=60°,∴△GHF是等边三角形,故答案为:等边三角形.(2)如图2中,连接AF、EC.易知AF⊥DE,在Rt△AEF中,AE=2,EF=DF=1,∴AF2221-3,在Rt△ABF中,BF22AB AF-6,∴BD=CE=BF﹣DF61,∴FH=12EC=612.(3)存在.理由如下.由(1)可知,△GFH是等边三角形,GF=12BD,∴△GFH的周长=3GF=32BD,在△ABD中,AB=a,AD=b,∴BD的最小值为a﹣b,最大值为a+b,∴△FGH的周长最大值为3 2(a+b),最小值为32(a﹣b).点睛:本题考查等边三角形的性质.全等三角形的判定和性质、解直角三角形、三角形的三边关系、三角形的中位线的宽等知识,解题的关键是学会添加常用辅助线,正确寻找全等三角形解决问题,学会利用三角形的三边关系解决最值问题,属于中考压轴题.四、初三数学圆易错题压轴题(难)16.如图,二次函数y=x2-2mx+8m的图象与x轴交于A、B两点(点A在点B的左边且OA≠OB),交y轴于点C,且经过点(m,9m),⊙E过A、B、C三点。
【物理】上海上海交通大学附属第二中学九年级上册期中精选试卷检测题
【物理】上海上海交通大学附属第二中学九年级上册期中精选试卷检测题一、初三物理电流和电路易错压轴题(难)1.现有两只小灯泡L1、L2,它们的额定电压分别为2.5V和3.8V.(1)如图甲是小明测定灯泡L1额定功率的实物电路图(不完整).①请用笔画线代替导线将实物电路图连接完整_____.②闭合开关前,应将滑动变阻器的滑片P移到__端(选填“A”或“B”).闭合开关后发现:小灯泡不亮,电流表示数为零,而电压表示数接近电源电压。
经检查,电流表是完好的,仅滑动变阻器或小灯泡存在故障,则电路中的故障是__.排除故障后,闭合开关,仍发现小灯泡不亮,电流表指针偏转很小,要使该小灯泡发光只需__。
③当电压表示数为2.5V时,电流表示数如图乙所示,则灯泡L1的额定功率为__W.(2)小华利用图丙所示的电路测出了灯泡L2的额定功率.图中R为阻值已知的定值电阻,还缺两个开关和一只电表(电流表或电压表),请在虚线框内补上这三个元件的符号,使电路完整,实验操作简单______.【答案】A灯泡断路移动滑动变阻器0.8【解析】(1)①根据图中电表的正、负接线柱,从电源正极连接开关,滑动变阻器的接线柱要求一上一下的串联在电路中,所以将C或D连到电源负极即可,如下图所示:②电压表有示数,说明电压表与电源连通;电流表示数几乎为零,灯泡不发光,说明电路断路或电路的总电阻很大,导致这一现象的原因可能是小灯泡断路而导致电压表串联在电路中;③为了保护电路,闭合开关前,滑片P应处在使电路中电阻最大位置A端;由乙图,电流表使用0-0.6A量程,分度值为0.02A,示数为0.32A,所以灯泡L1的额定功率:;(2)由上面的分析知,右上边的是电压表;左边两虚线框内是开关,如图所示:①只闭合S和中间的开关,移动滑片使电压表示数为3.8V;②保持滑片位置不动,断开中间开关,闭合左上边开关,测出灯与R的总电压,根据串联电路的电压特点计算出R两端电压U R;③由计算出R的电流,即灯泡此时的电流,由P=U额I额计算灯泡L2电功率即可.故答案为:(1). (2). A (3). 灯泡断路 (4). 移动滑动变阻器(5). 0.8 (6).【点睛】本题是测灯泡额定功率的实验,考查了电路连接、变阻器的使用、电表读数和功率计算以及特殊方法测功率的电路设计.特殊方法测功率时,只给电流表通常会使用并联电路,只给电压表时通常使用并联电路,利用已知阻值的电阻与电表的组合间接测电压或电流达到实验目的。
上海市华东师范大学第二附中九年级(上)期中化学试卷
上海市华东师范大学第二附中九年级(上)期中化学试卷一、单项选择题(本大题共30 分)1.(1 分)厨房里的下列操作中,发生了化学变化的是()A.拉面条B.磨豆浆C.切黄瓜D.酿米酒2.(1 分)下列物质属于化合物的是()A.空气B.水C.澄清石灰水D.水银3.(1 分)人的生存离不开空气.如图为空气成分示意图,其中R 指的是()A.氮气B.氧气C.稀有气体D.二氧化碳4.(1 分)近年来,我国多地雾霾天气增多,下列不属于大气污染物的是()A.可吸入颗粒物B.二氧化碳C.二氧化氮D.二氧化硫5.(1 分)下列物质的化学式,书写正确的是()A.硫酸铁(FeSO4)B.氯化铝(AlCl2)C.氧化钠(NaO)D .硫化钠(Na2S)6.(1 分)ClO2是一种新型、高效的消毒剂,其中氯元素的化合价为()A.﹣2 B.﹣1 C.+2D.+47.(1 分)豆类、动物肝脏中含有丰富的铁和锌,这里的“铁”、“锌”是指()A.原子B.分子C.元素D.单质8.(1 分)下列化学符号与意义一一对应正确的是()A.N2:两个氮原子B.SO3:硫酸根C.2H2:2 个氢分子D.:+3 价的铝9.(1 分)有关仪器图示与名称吻合的是()A.锥形瓶B.烧杯C.漏斗D.药匙10.(1 分)根据化学方程式判断属于化合反应的是()A.2HgO 2Hg+O2↑B.3CO+Fe2O3 2Fe+3CO2C.C+CO2 2CO D.CH4+2O2 CO2+2H2O11.(1 分)下列现象的微观解释中,不正确的是()A.氢气和液氢都可做燃料﹣﹣相同物质的分子,其化学性质相同B.“墙内开花墙外香”﹣﹣分子在不断的运动C.水烧开后易把壶盖冲起﹣﹣温度升高,分子变大D.用水银温度计测量体温﹣﹣温度升高,原子间隔变大12.(1 分)已知:“”、“ ”和“ ”表示不同元素的原子.某反应的微观示意图如图,关于乙的构成说法合理的是()A.只含和B.含有和C.只含D.只含13.(1 分)系列实验操作中,正确的是()A.点燃酒精灯B.取用块状固体C.加热液体D.倾倒溶液14.(1 分)下列实验现象的描述正确的是()A.铁丝在氧气中剧烈燃烧,火星四射,生成氧化铁B.硫在氧气中燃烧,发出微弱的淡蓝色火焰,产生有刺激性气味的气体C.木炭在氧气中剧烈燃烧,发出白光,放出热量D.在大理石上滴加稀盐酸,产生二氧化碳气体15.(1 分)某物质R 燃烧的化学方程式为:2R+5O24CO2+2H2O,则R 的化学式是()A.C2H4 B.C2H2 C.CH4 D.C2H6O16.(1 分)“物质的量”是国际单位制中的一个基本物理量,有关说法正确的是()A.lmol H2的质量为1gB.1mol H2约含6.02×1023 个氢原子C.lmol H2O 含有3mol 原子D.H2O 的摩尔质量是18g17.(1 分)对化学方程式 2H 2+O 22H 2O 的含义叙述正确的是( )A. 氢气加氧气点燃等于水B. 氢气和氧气在点燃条件下反应生成水C. 两个氢分子加一个氧分子等于两个水分子D. 2mol 氢气和 1mol 氧气生成 2mol 水18.(1 分)实验室制取氧气可以采用加热氯酸钾(白色固体)和二氧化锰混合物的方法,现加热质量相等的两份氯酸钾,一份中混入少量的二氧化锰(b 曲线),分别同时加热,放出氧气的质量(m )与反应时间(t )的关系图象正确的是 ()A .B .C . 19.(1 分)2013 年 6 月 11 日,“神州十号”成功发射.运载“神州十号”飞船的火箭使用偏二甲肼(C 2H 8N 2)作燃料,下列说法正确的是()A. 偏二甲肼分子由碳、氢、氮三种元素组成B. 偏二甲肼的式量为 60g/molC. 偏二甲肼中碳、氢、氮元素质量比 1:4:1D. 偏二甲肼中碳元素的质量分数为 40%20.(1 分)如图装置常用来测定空气中氧气的含量.对该实验的认识中正确的是()A. 红磷燃烧产生大量白色烟和黑色固体B. 燃烧匙中的红磷可以换成细铁丝C. 该实验可说明氮气难溶于水D.D. 红磷的量不足会导致进入集气瓶中水的体积大于21.(1 分)实验室用加热氯酸钾的方法制取氧气并用排水法收集,下列仪器在组 装 时 的 前 后 顺 序 正 确 的 是 ()A .②①④③B .①②④③C .①②③④D .②①③④22.(1 分)如图为物质的分类关系,①与②是并列关系,③包含在②中,若②是纯净物,则③不可能是()A .一氧化碳B .硫酸铜C .空气D .铜23.(1 分)在一个密闭容器中加入甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质,在一定条件下发生化学反应,测得数据见表.下列说法中正确的是( )A. 该反应是分解反应B. 反应后剩余甲物质的质量 x=13gC. 在该反应中,丙物质一定做催化剂D. 在该反应中,甲、乙、丁的物质的量之比为 1:2:324.(1 分)如图,为检查装置的气密性,保持装置内温度不变,将导管的末端深入装有水的烧杯中.若装置的气密性良好,烧杯内导管处的现象(画圈部分) 是( )物质 甲 乙 丙丁 反应前质量/g 18 1 2 32 反应后质量/gX (未知)26212选项ABCD现象放大图A.A B.B C.C D.D25.(1 分)已知由Na2S,Na2SO3,Na2SO4三种物质组成的混合物中,钠元素的质量分数为46%,则氧元素的质量分数为()A.46% B.22% C.32% D.64%26.(1 分)某硝酸铵(NH4NO3)样品,测知含氮量为37%,则该样品中含有的杂质可能是()A.(NH4)2SO4 B.CO(NH2)2 C.NH4HCO3D.NH4Cl27.(1 分)已知一个二氧化硫分子的质量为nkg,一个三氧化硫分子的质量为mkg,若以一个硫原子质量的作为原子量标准,则三氧化硫的相对分子质量为()A.B.C.D.28.(1 分)某些化学试剂可用于净水.在水处理中使用的一种无机高分子混凝剂的化学式可表示为[Al2(OH)nClm•yH2O]x,式中m 等于()A.3﹣n B.6﹣n C.6+n D.3+n29.(1 分)把一定质量的纯净物E 和40g 的纯净物F,按如图的围观过程恰好完全反应.反应结束后,可生成44gG 和9gH.关于该反应的说法正确的是()A.9gH 物质中氢元素的质量为2gB.G 和H 的分子个数为1:2C.E 为单质D.E 分子中原子个数比为1:130.(1 分)煅烧石灰石样品(杂质不含钙元素且不发生反应)时,某质量随加热时间的变化关系如图所示,有关分析中正确的是()A.若纵坐标表示固体质量,则剩余氧化钙质量为m2gB.若纵坐标表示氧元素的质量,则杂质中一定含有氧元素C.纵坐标不能表示固体中碳元素的质量D.纵坐标表示固体质量或氧元素质量,都可知碳酸钙质量二、填空题(本大题共30 分)31.(7 分)①用化学符号表示:两个氮原子;两个氧分子;碳酸根离子;②写出意义:3N2 ;2H2O ;He ;.32.(6 分)为了延长保质期,不同的食品需要对其进行不同的包装处理.(1)有的要充入空气中含量最多的气体,该气体的化学式是.(2)有的要放置一小包干冰.干冰的化学式是.(3)有的要放置一小包生石灰,其作用是(用化学方程式表示),该反应的基本反应类型是.(4)有的要放置一小包铁粉,又称“双吸剂”,它吸收的两种物质是和.33.(5 分)“达菲”是目前世界上治疗H1N1 流感病毒的良药.生产“达菲”的主要原料是莽草酸,可从茴香中提取.如图为莽草酸理化性质的描述.回答下列问题:①莽草酸物质中,共有种元素,其中氢、氧两种元素的质量比为,碳、氧原子的物质的量之比为.②其中属于化学性质的是(填图中序号).③莽草酸的摩尔质量是g/mol.34.(5 分)根据表中五种气体在标准状况下的密度和溶解性,回答下列问题:空气NH3CH4HCl O2密度/g•L﹣11.293 0.77l 0.717 1.629 1.43溶解性﹣﹣极易溶难溶极易溶难溶(1)既能用排水法,又能用向上排空气法收集的气体是.(2)用如图所示盛满水的集气瓶收集CH4,气体应从端进入.将收集到的气体点燃,生成物中一定含有元素,你判断的理由是.(3)指出O2的一种用途.35 .(6 分)进行木炭在氧气中燃烧的实验有如图所示的四个步骤:请回答:(1)其中一定没有发生化学变化的是.(2)在B 操作中,木炭会燃烧的原因是.(3)木炭在C 中燃烧的现象是,写出该反应的化学方程式.其中木炭做剂.在D 操作中,反应后造成浑浊的物质是(写化学式).(4)若将木炭改为铁丝在C 中燃烧,瓶中应预先放入少量.三、实验题(本大题共40 分)36.(7 分)某小组在实验室进行关于氧气的实验,所用的部分仪器如下图所示.①甲同学用双氧水制取氧气,发生反应的化学方程式是,选择的收集装置是D 或,用D 收集氧气时验满的方法是(操作、现象、结论).②乙同学用氯酸钾和二氧化锰为原料制取氧气,二氧化锰的作用是,应选择的发生装置是.该同学发现产生的气体能使带火星的木条复燃并有刺激性气味,下列分析不合理的是.a 反应中氧气的物理性质发生了变化b 此时得到的气体一定是混合物c 只加热氯酸钾,若生成的气体无气味,说明刺激性气味一定与二氧化锰有关d 可能是生成的氧气与残留在发生装置中的空气在加热的条件下反应生成了新物质.③丙同学研究了木条复燃与氧气体积分数的关系,发现不纯的氧气也能使带火星的木条复燃.如图F 是他其中一次实验的装置,排尽水收集氧气后集气瓶中氧气的体积分数是(列式即可).37.(4 分)某校研究性学习小组用如图装置进行镁条在空气中燃烧的实验,燃烧、冷却后打开止水夹,进入集气瓶中水的体积约占集气瓶容积的70%.(1)燃烧、冷却后打开止水夹,水能进入集气瓶中的原因是:.(2)如果镁条只和空气中的氧气反应,则进入集气瓶中水的体积最多不超过其容积的%.现进入集气瓶中水的体积约为其容积的70%,根据空气的组成可推出减少的气体中有氮气.发现问题:氮气是怎么减少的呢?假设一:氮气与镁条反应而减少.假设二:.查阅资料:镁条在氮气中燃烧,生成氮化镁(Mg3N2)固体,反应的方程式为:.38.(4 分)如图为粗盐的提纯过程,(1)海水属于(纯净物或混合物)(2)其中操作(1)、(3)依次为、.39.(6 分)课外小组研究“影响H2O2生成O2反应速率的因素”的课题.通过查阅资料,他们提出如下猜想.【提出猜想】催化剂和反应物浓度都会影响H2O2生成O2的反应速率【实验过程】实验装置如图:实验操作:检查装置的气密性良好.将分液漏斗中的液体加入锥形瓶中,立即收集一瓶放出的气体.实验记录:实验编号①②③反应物5%H2O250mL 5%H2O23%H2O250mL加入固体0.5gCuO 0.5gMnO20.5gMnO2收集等体积O2所需时间105s 45s 78s(1)实验②中加入H2O2溶液的体积为mL;(2)充分反应后,将实验②中剩余物质里的MnO2提取的方法是;【结论】该探究过程得出的结论是;【反思】H2O2在常温加入MnO2后反应速率加快.小敏提出,为了更好的证明二氧化锰是否对H2O2生成O2的反应速率有影响,还应该增加一组对比实验.该实验选用的药品和用量为;【实验拓展】小敏用收集的气体进行氧气的性质实验.(1)铁丝在氧气中燃烧,其反应的化学方程式为;(2)小敏发现用收集的气体进行铁丝燃烧实验时,没有产生明显的火星四射现象.造成这种结果的可能原因是.2016-2017 学年上海市华东师范大学第二附中九年级(上)期中化学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、单项选择题(本大题共30 分)1.(1 分)(2013•重庆)厨房里的下列操作中,发生了化学变化的是()A.拉面条B.磨豆浆C.切黄瓜D.酿米酒【分析】本题考查学生对物理变化和化学变化的确定.判断一个变化是物理变化还是化学变化,要依据在变化过程中有没有生成其他物质,生成其他物质的是化学变化,没有生成其他物质的是物理变化.【解答】解:A、拉面条只是形状发生了变化,没有新物质生成,属于物理变化,故A 错;B、磨豆浆只是磨碎提取汁液和营养物质,没有新物质生成,属于物理变化,故B 错;C、切黄瓜只是将黄瓜切断,没有新物质生成,属于物理变化,故C 错;D、酿米酒有新物质乙醇生成,属于化学变化,故D 正确.故选D.【点评】搞清楚物理变化和化学变化的本质区别是解答本类习题的关键.判断的标准是看在变化中有没有生成其他物质.一般地,物理变化有物质的固、液、气三态变化和物质形状的变化.2.(1 分)(2016 秋•浦东新区校级期中)下列物质属于化合物的是()A.空气B.水C.澄清石灰水D.水银【分析】本题考查利用化合物的概念来判断物质是否为化合物,抓住化合物中至少两种元素,且只有一种物质组成.【解答】解:A、空气中含有氧气、氮气、二氧化碳等物质组成,属于混合物,故A 错;B、水是由水一种物质组成,属于纯净物,由两种元素组成,属于化合物,故B正确;C、澄清石灰水由氢氧化钙和水组成,属于混合物,故C 错;D、水银由汞元素组成,属于单质,故D错.故选B.【点评】应抓住概念的要点来判断物质的类别,了解常见物质的组成3.(1 分)(2015•旬阳县校级模拟)人的生存离不开空气.如图为空气成分示意图,其中R 指的是()A.氮气B.氧气C.稀有气体D.二氧化碳【分析】根据空气的成分及各成分的体积分数进行分析判断即可.【解答】解:空气的成分及各成分的体积分数分别是:氮气占78%、氧气占21%、稀有气体占0.94%、二氧化碳占0.03%、其它气体和杂质占0.03%.由图可知,a 占的体积分数最大,是氮气.故选A.【点评】本题很简单,熟练掌握空气的成分及其体积分数即可轻松正确解答本题.4.(1 分)(2016 秋•浦东新区校级期中)近年来,我国多地雾霾天气增多,下列不属于大气污染物的是()A.可吸入颗粒物B.二氧化碳C.二氧化氮D.二氧化硫【分析】根据常见的空气污染物(二氧化硫、一氧化碳、二氧化氮、可吸入颗粒及臭氧等)进行分析判断即可.【解答】解:A、可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)属于大气污染物,故选项错误.B、二氧化碳不属于大气污染物,故选项正确.C、二氧化氮属于大气污染物,故选项错误.D、二氧化硫属于大气污染物,故选项错误.故选 B【点评】本题难度不大,了解常见的大气污染物(二氧化硫、一氧化碳、二氧化氮、可吸入颗粒及臭氧等)即可正确解答本题.5.(1 分)(2014•金山区校级一模)下列物质的化学式,书写正确的是()A.硫酸铁(FeSO4)B.氯化铝(AlCl2)C.氧化钠(NaO)D .硫化钠(Na2S)【分析】化合物化学式的书写一般规律:先读后写,后读先写;金属在前,非金属在后;氧化物中氧在后,原子个数不能漏,正负化合价代数和为零;据此进行分析判断.【解答】解:A、硫酸铁中铁元素显+3 价,硫酸根显﹣2 价,其化学式为Fe2(SO4)3,故选项化学式书写错误.B、铝元素显+3 价,氯元素显﹣1 价,氯化铝的化学式为AlCl3,故选项化学式书写错误.C、钠元素显+1 价,氧显﹣2 价,氧化钠的化学式为Na2O,故选项化学式书写错误.D、钠元素显+1 价,硫显﹣2 价,硫化钠的化学式为Na2S,故选项化学式书写正确.故选:D.【点评】本题难度不大,掌握化合物化学式的书写一般规律是正确解答有关化学式书写问题的关键.6.(1 分)(2011•上海)ClO2是一种新型、高效的消毒剂,其中氯元素的化合价为()A.﹣2 B.﹣1 C.+2 D.+4【分析】根据在化合物中正负化合价代数和为零,结合ClO2的化学式进行分析解答本题.【解答】解:根据在化合物中正负化合价代数和为零,氧元素显﹣2,设氯元素的化合价是x,可知ClO2中氯元素的化合价:x+(﹣2)×2=0,则x=+4.故选D.【点评】本题难度不大,考查学生利用化合价的原则计算指定元素的化合价的能力.7.(1 分)(2015•青岛)豆类、动物肝脏中含有丰富的铁和锌,这里的“铁”、“锌”是指()A.原子B.分子C.元素D.单质【分析】豆类、动物肝脏中含有丰富的“铁和锌”不是以单质、分子、原子等形式存在,而是指元素,通常用元素及其所占质量(质量分数)来描述.【解答】解:豆类、动物肝脏中含有丰富的“铁和锌”,主要是以无机盐的形式存在,不是以单质、分子、原子等形式存在,这里所指的“铁和锌”是强调存在的元素,与具体形态无关.故选C.【点评】本题难度不大,主要考查元素与微观粒子及物质的区别,加深对元素概念的理解是正确解答此类试题的关键.8.(1 分)(2014•长宁区一模)下列化学符号与意义一一对应正确的是()A.N2:两个氮原子B.SO3:硫酸根C.2H2:2 个氢分子D.:+3 价的铝【分析】A、原子的表示方法,用元素符号来表示一个原子,表示多个该原子,就在其元素符号前加上相应的数字.B、根据常见的原子团进行分析判断.C、分子的表示方法,正确书写物质的化学式,表示多个该分子,就在其化学式前加上相应的数字.D、化合价的表示方法,在其化学式该元素的上方用正负号和数字表示,正负号在前,数字在后.【解答】解:A、由原子的表示方法,用元素符号来表示一个原子,表示多个该原子,就在其元素符号前加上相应的数字,故两个氮原子表示为:2N,故选项化学符号与意义对应错误.B、硫酸根的符号为SO4,故选项化学符号与意义对应错误.C、由分子的表示方法,正确书写物质的化学式,表示多个该分子,就在其化学式前加上相应的数字,则2H2可表示:2 个氢分子,故选项化学符号与意义对应正确.D、由化合价的表示方法,在其化学式该元素的上方用正负号和数字表示,正负号在前,数字在后,故可表示:+3 价的铝元素,选项化学符号与意义对应不正确.故选:C.【点评】本题难度不大,主要考查同学们对常见化学用语(原子符号、分子符号、原子团、化合价等)的书写和理解能力.9.(1 分)(2016 秋•浦东新区校级期中)有关仪器图示与名称吻合的是()A.锥形瓶B.烧杯C.漏斗D.药匙【分析】根据常见的化学仪器的名称进行分析判断即可.【解答】解:A、图中仪器是集气瓶,而名称是锥形瓶,图示与名称不吻合,故选项错误.B、图中仪器名称是烧杯,图示与名称吻合,故选项正确.C、图中仪器是分液漏斗,而名称是漏斗,图示与名称不吻合,故选项错误.D、图中仪器是燃烧匙,而名称是药匙,图示与名称不吻合,故选项错误.故选:B.【点评】本题难度不大,熟知常见化学仪器的名称是正确解答本题的关键.10.(1 分)(2014•虹口区一模)根据化学方程式判断属于化合反应的是()A.2HgO 2Hg+O2↑B.3CO+Fe2O3 2Fe+3CO2C.C+CO2 2CO D.CH4+2O2 CO2+2H2O【分析】化合反应:两种或两种以上物质反应后生成一种物质的反应,其特点可总结为“多变一”;据此进行分析判断.【解答】解:A、2HgO 2Hg+O2↑,该反应符合“一变多”的特征,属于分解反应,故选项错误.B、3CO+Fe2O3 2Fe+3CO2,该反应的生成物是两种,不符合“多变一”的特征,不属于化合反应,故选项错误.C、C+CO2 2CO,该反应符合“多变一”的特征,属于化合反应,故选项正确.D、CH4+2O2 CO2+2H2O,该反应的生成物是两种,不符合“多变一”的特征,不属于化合反应,故选项错误.故选:C.【点评】本题难度不大,掌握化合反应的特征(“多变一”)是正确解答本题的关键.11.(1 分)(2011•泰安)下列现象的微观解释中,不正确的是()A.氢气和液氢都可做燃料﹣﹣相同物质的分子,其化学性质相同B.“墙内开花墙外香”﹣﹣分子在不断的运动C.水烧开后易把壶盖冲起﹣﹣温度升高,分子变大D.用水银温度计测量体温﹣﹣温度升高,原子间隔变大【分析】A、了解:分子是独立存在而保持物质化学性质的最小粒子;B、花香分子在不断的运动,由墙内运动到墙外的人们的嗅细胞上;C、水烧开后易把壶盖冲起,水由液态开始转化为气态,分子间隔变大;D、用水银温度计测量体温﹣﹣温度升高,分子运动加快,原子间隔变大.【解答】解:A、氢气和液氢都可做燃料﹣﹣相同物质的分子,其化学性质相同,解释正确,故A 正确;B、“墙内开花墙外香”﹣﹣分子在不断的运动,解释正确,故B 正确;C、水烧开后易把壶盖冲起﹣﹣温度升高,分子变大,解释错误,分子没变,只是间隔变大,故 C 错误;D、用水银温度计测量体温﹣﹣温度升高,原子间隔变大,解释正确,故D 正确.故选C.【点评】了解利用原子和分子的性质分析和解决问题的方法;掌握分子的性质:1.分子是独立存在而保持物质化学性质的最小粒子;2.分子有一定的大小和质量;分子间有一定的间隔;分子在不停的运动;分子间有一定的作用力;分子可以构成物质,分子在化学变化中还可以被分成更小的微粒﹣﹣﹣﹣原子;同种分子性质相同,不同种分子性质不同.12.(1 分)(2014•上海)已知:“”、“ ”和“ ”表示不同元素的原子.某反应的微观示意图如图,关于乙的构成说法合理的是()A.只含和B.含有和C.只含D.只含【分析】根据化学反应的实质结合图示以及质量守恒定律进行分析解答即可.【解答】解:根据质量守恒定律,化学反应前后元素的种类和原子的个数不变,反应后含有2 个,2 个和1 个,而反应前现在只有1 个和一个,故乙中含有2 个和一个,观察选项,故选B.【点评】本题考查了化学反应的微观模拟示意图,完成此题,可以依据已有的知识结合图示进行.13.(1 分)(2016 秋•浦东新区校级期中)系列实验操作中,正确的是()A.点燃酒精灯B.取用块状固体C.加热液体D.倾倒溶液【分析】A、根据酒精灯的使用方法进行分析判断;B、根据块状固体药品的取用方法进行分析判断;C、根据给试管中的液体加热的方法进行分析判断;D、根据液体药品的取用方法进行分析判断.【解答】解:A、使用酒精灯时要注意“两查、两禁、一不可”,禁止用一酒精灯去引燃另一酒精灯,图中所示操作错误;B、向试管中加入块状固体药品时,应先将试管横放,用镊子把药品放在试管口,再慢慢将试管竖立起来,图中所示操作正确;C、给液体加热时,用酒精灯的外焰加热试管里的液体,且液体体积不能超过试管容积的,图中所示操作错误;D、倾倒溶液时,量筒口要紧挨着烧杯口,图中所示操作错误.故选:B.【点评】本题难度不大,熟悉各种仪器的用途及使用注意事项、掌握常见化学实验基本操作的注意事项是解答此类试题的关键.14.(1 分)(2014•长宁区一模)下列实验现象的描述正确的是()A.铁丝在氧气中剧烈燃烧,火星四射,生成氧化铁B.硫在氧气中燃烧,发出微弱的淡蓝色火焰,产生有刺激性气味的气体C.木炭在氧气中剧烈燃烧,发出白光,放出热量D.在大理石上滴加稀盐酸,产生二氧化碳气体【分析】A、根据铁在氧气中燃烧的现象进行分析判断.B、根据硫在氧气中燃烧的现象进行分析判断.C、根据木炭在氧气中燃烧的现象进行分析判断.D、根据在大理石上滴加稀盐酸的现象进行分析判断.【解答】解:A、铁在氧气中燃烧应生成四氧化三铁,且生成四氧化三铁是实验结论而不是实验现象,故选项说法错误.B、硫在氧气中燃烧,发出明亮的蓝紫色火焰,放出热量,产生一种具有刺激性气味的气体,故选项说法错误.C、木炭在氧气中燃烧的现象是发出白光,放出大量的热,生成能使澄清石灰水变浑的气体,故选项说法正确.D、在大理石上滴加稀盐酸,产生二氧化碳气体是实验结论而不是实验现象,故选项说法错误.故选:C.【点评】本题难度不大,掌握常见物质燃烧的现象即可正确解答;但在描述物质燃烧的现象时,需要注意光和火焰、烟和雾、现象和结论的区别.15 .(1 分)(2014• 长宁区一模)某物质R 燃烧的化学方程式为:2R+5O2 4CO2+2H2O,则R 的化学式是()A.C2H4 B.C2H2 C.CH4 D.C2H6O【分析】根据化学变化前后原子的种类、数目不变,由反应的化学方程式推断物质R 的化学式.【解答】解:根据质量守恒定律可知,反应前后的元素种类、原子的种类和数目相等,O 原子在反应前后相等,根据元素守恒得R 中含有C、H 元素,反应后共4 个C 原子、4 个H 原子,则反应前应共有4 个C 原子、4 个H 原子,又R 的化学计量数为2,则R 的化学式为C2H2.故选:B.【点评】本题考查学生利用化学反应方程式来推断物质的化学式,学生应学会利用守恒的思维方法来解答此类习题.16.(1 分)(2014•虹口区一模)“物质的量”是国际单位制中的一个基本物理量,有关说法正确的是()A.lmol H2的质量为1gB.1mol H2约含6.02×1023 个氢原子C.lmol H2O 含有3mol 原子D.H2O 的摩尔质量是18g【分析】A、根据1mol 粒子的质量以克为单位时在数值上都与该粒子的相对分子质量相等,进行解答;B、根据1 摩尔的任何物质所含有的该物质的微粒数为阿伏伽德罗常数,值为N A=6.02×1023 个/摩尔来解答即可;C、根据1mol 近似值为6.02×1023,进行解答即可;D、根据物质的摩尔质量是该物质的质量与该物质的物质的量之比其单位为g/mol;进行解答即可.【解答】解:A、根据1mol 粒子的质量以克为单位时在数值上都与该粒子的相对分子质量相等,故lmolH2的质量为2g;故A 说法错误.B、根据1mol 近似值为6.02×1023,所以1molH2中约含2×6.02×1023 个氢原子;故B 说法也错误.C、lmolH2O 中含有2mol 的氢原子和1mol 的氧原子,共含有3mol 原子,故C 正确.D、摩尔质量是有单位的量为g/mol,故D 错误.故选C.【点评】本题考查学生对物质的量与阿伏伽德罗常量知识的理解与掌握,并能在解题中灵活应用.。
民办华二初三期中试卷
民办华二初中初三第一学期 第11周数学试卷 2015年11月一、选择题(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)1.在比例尺为1:2000的地图上测得,A B 两地间的图上距离为5,则,A B 两地间的实际距离为( )(A )10cm (B )25cm (C )100m (D)1000m2.在ABC ∆中,90,13,5,C AB BC ∠=︒==则sin A 的值是( )(A )513; (B )1213; (C )512; (D)1353.抛物线21(2)32y x =--的顶点坐标是( ) (A )(2,3) (B)(2,3)-; (C)(2,3)-; (D)(2,3)--4.已知抛物线23(2),y ax x a a =++-是常数且0a <,下列选项中可能是它大致图像的是( )5.下列命题中是假命题的是( )(A )若,,a b b c ==则a c =; (B)2()22a b a b -=-;(C)若1,2a b =-则//a b ; ( D )若a b =,则a b =;6.已知ABC ∆和DEF ∆相似,且ABC ∆的三边长分别为3、4、5,如果DEF ∆的周长为6,那么下列不可能是DEF ∆的一边长的是( ) (A)1.5 (B)2; (C) 2。
5; (D) 3;二、填空题(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)7.是一个单位向量,13a e =-,那么a =______________;8.计算:2()3()m n m n ++-=______________;9.化简24cos 5142cos512︒-︒+=______________;10.已知37045,sin cos ,16ααα︒<<︒=则sin α=________________; 11.如图,已知抛物线2y x bx c =++的对称轴为1x =,点,A B 均在抛物线上,且AB 与轴平行,若点的坐标为3(0,)2,则点的坐标为_______________;12.如果抛物线2(3)1y x =++经过点1(1,)A y 和2(3,)B y ,那么12,y y 的大小关系是_____(填写“〉”或“<"或“=")13.如图,已知梯形ABCD 中,//,,,AB CD AB BC AD BD ⊥⊥若1,3,CD BC ==那么A ∠的正切值为___________;14.在高为100米的楼顶测得地面上某十字路口的俯角为,那么楼底到这十字路口的水平距离是__________米(用含有的代数式表达)15.在ABC ∆中,AD 是中线,是重心,那么BG =__________(用含有,a b 表示)16.ABC ∆中,5,8,AB AC BC ===那么sin B =____________;17.将二次函数23y x =的图像向左平移2个单位再向下平移4个单位,所得函数表达式为23(2)4y x =+-,我们来解释一下原因:不妨设平移前图像上任意一点经平移后得到,且点的坐标为(,)x y ,那么点向右平移2个单位,再向上平移4个单位得到点(2,4),P x y ++由于点是二次函数23y x =的图像上的点,于是把点(2,4)P x y ++的坐标带入23y x =再进行整理得到23(2)4y x =+-,类似的,我们对函数1(1)y x x =+的图像进行平移:先向右平移1个单位,再向上平移3个单位,所得图像的函数表达式为__________.18.如图,矩形ABCD 中,8,9,AB BC ==点在BC 边上,3,CP Q =为线段AP 上的动点,射线BQ 与矩形ABCD 的一边交于点,AP BR =,则QR BQ=___________;三、解答题(本大题共7题,满分78分)19.(本题满分10分) 计算:2222sin 30tan 60tan 30sin 60cos 45cot 60cos30︒+︒⋅︒+︒︒+︒⋅︒20.(本题满分10分,期中第(1)小题6分,第(2)小题4分)如图,点,D E 分别在ABC ∆的边,BA CA 的延长线上,且1//,,2DE BC AE AC =为AC 的中点.(1)设,BF a AC b ==,试用xa yb +的形式表示,AB ED ;(2)做出BF 在、BC 上的分向量。
上海华东师范大学第二附属中学初三化学上册期中试卷(解析版)
上海华东师范大学第二附属中学化学上册期中试卷(解析版)一、选择题(培优题较难)1.现有 18.6g NaOH 和 Na2CO3固体混合物,已知钠元素与碳元素的质量比 23:3,则原混合固体中含有钠元素的质量为()A.9.2 g B.6.9 g C.4.6 g D.2.3 g2.锌是促进人体生长发育的必须微量元素。
下图为锌元素在元素周期表中的相关信息及原子结构示意图。
下列说法正确的是()A.锌属于非金属元素B.锌原子的中子数为30C.锌的相对原子质量为65.38g D.锌原子在化学反应中易失去电子形成Zn2+ 3.下列各图中和分别表示不同元素的原子,则其中表示化合物的是( )A.B.C.D.4.石墨烯是一种革命性材料,具有优异的光学、电学和力学特性。
图为金刚石、石墨和石墨烯的结构模型图,图中小球代表碳原子。
下列说法正确的是( )①石墨烯是一种新型化合物②三种物质分别在足量的氧气中完全燃烧的产物相同③金刚石和石墨烯是组成相同但结构不同的两种物质④石墨烯有超强的导电性和导热性,说明石墨烯的化学性质和金属相似A.①④B.②③C.①③D.②③④5.宏观辨识和微观剖析是化学核心素养之一。
下列说法正确的是 ( )A.反应前后元素的种类及化合价均未发生改变B.参加反应的和的微粒个数比是4:3C.反应涉及到的物质中,是由原子构成的单质,只有属于氧化物D.该反应生成的单质和化合物的质量比时3:206.某工地发生多人食物中毒,经化验为误食工业用盐亚硝酸钠(NaNO2)所致。
NaNO2中氮元素的化合价是()A.+4B.+3C.+2D.+57.鉴别二氧化碳、氧气、空气三种气体,可选用的最佳方法是( )A.将气体分别通入水中B.将燃着的木条分别伸入气体中C.将带火星的木条分别伸入气体中D.将气体分别通入澄清石灰水中8.以下是四种微粒的结构示意图,下列有关各微粒的说法中,错误的是A.①的化学性质比较稳定B.③④属于同种元素C.④是一种阴离子D.②容易得到电子9.如图所示,甲是溴(Br)的原子结构示意图,乙摘自元素周期表。
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华师二附中2017学年第一学期九年级期中质量检测英语试卷Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and GrammarII. Choose the best answer26. I could see he was carrying a gun. Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in the sentence?A. /gu:n/B. /gʌn/C. /gɔn/D. /gən/27. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A. He has a good memory for words.B. The man goes from west to eastC. Shanghai has changed a lot in recent years.D. He had a pain in the neck.28. Last week I bought ______ USB flash disk to store my articles.A. aB. anC. theD. /29. Five students of the Dancing Club come from Grade 7, ______ all come from Grade 8.A. anotherB. othersC. the otherD. the others30. Smart phones have become an important part of people’s ______ life.A. dailyB. happilyC. recentlyD. quickly31. Using different memorizing methods can enable you to remember things ______.A. wiseB. correctC. easilyD. faithfully32. 95% of the passengers ay they are satisfied ______ the public transport service.A. inB. forC. toD. with33. ______ the government has promised to improve road safety, little has been achieved so far.A. IfB. AlthoughC. UnlessD. Because34. Jane is very shy. She never starts a conversation ______ she is spoken to.A. ifB. whenC. unlessD. because35. In order to finish the task in time, John kept ______ for four hours without rest.A. workB. to workC. worksD. working36. Flora looked out of the window and found it ______ heavily.A. snowsB. snowedC. has snowedD. was snowing37. The Red Cross is always the first ______ help to victims when a disaster happens.A. provideB. providingC. to provideD. to providing38. ______ here quickly, Alice. I have something exciting to tell you.A. ComingB. ComesC. ComeD. To come39. Practice ______ football, and you will do better in the match.A. playingB. playC. to playD. played40. Soon a nursing home ______ in our neighborhood for the elderly living alone.A. has set upB. will set upC. has been set upD. will be set up41. Linda has decided ______ at that restaurant as there were so many people in the queue.A. not eatingB. not to eatC. not eatD. to not eat42. --Can you tell me ______ your online shopping will arrive?--In three days, I think.A. how fastB. how longC. how oftenD. how soon43. ______ exciting program Tint Running Man is!A. WhatB. What aC. What anD. How44. --Thank you so much for the wonderful party. I really had a great time.-- ______A. You are kind.B. I’m glad you like it.C. It doesn’t matter.D. That’s right.45. --I missed the lecture this morning because of the traffic jam.--______A. What a pity!B. Don’t worry.C. Of course not.D. Watch out.The most important thing when calling 110 is to keep calm. You need to say your name, location, your phone number and describe the situation as __46__ as possible. If you are too nervous to say anything, just follow the telephone operator’s instructions.If the phone is busy, don’t hang up. You should hold on __47__ the operator answers it.As well as China, almost every country has its own emergency number. In the US, 911 links callers to emergency services including police, fire and ambulance (救护车). The system is able to provide the physical location of mobile telephones, which makes it __48__ to get to the scene. In the UK, people call 999 when they are in an emergency.Next are some figures about the figure 110:●“110” is a 24-●●Operators should __49__ an emergency call in 57 seconds.●Police set off no more than one minute after receiving information from telephone operators. In●In China, 95 percent of cities and towns have 110 emergenc●There are more than 24,000 telephone operators around the country.Apple started the service with China Union Pay on Feb 18, making China the the __50__ country in which the service can be used after the US, the UK, Canada and Australia.Apple Pay users can __51__ a deal by just moving their devices near point of sale (POS) terminals __52__ scanning a bar code which is required by mobile payment services. The near-field communication technology or NFC allows the contactless data exchange between the user’s device and the POS terminal.People may pay close attention to Apple Pay at first, but the main __53__ for Apple Pay is how to attract more people in the run.IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms54. The solider is brave enough to fight against those ______. (enemy)55. She has bought a new flat in this building and it’s on the ______ floor. (twelve)56. Jane was happy to find that her little son could sing an English song all by ______. (he)57. It is everyone’s ______ to take care of our earth. (responsible)58. In the educational program four players will ______ with animals for food. (competition)59. A large number of houses were ______ destroyed in the heavy storm. (serious)60. Get yourselves ready, and you are sure to ______ in the coming tests. (success)61. They boys was ______ because he was a new comer and had no friends here. (happily)V. Rewrite the following sentences as required.62. Mr Smith has saved some money to buy a house in the countryside. (改为一般疑问句)______ Mr Smith saved ______ money to buy a house in the countryside?63. It is half an hour’s ride from our school to Chenshan Botanical Garden. (划线部分提问)______ ______ is it from your school to Chenshan Botanical Garden?64. The boys like having sports better than chatting with their friends on QQ. (保持句意不变)The boys ______ having sports ______ chatting with their friends on QQ.65. The houses in the city are too expensive. Most people can’t afford one. (保持句意不变)The houses in the city are ______ expensive ______ most people can’t afford one.66. A little boy invented a housework robot for his mother last month. (改为被动语态)A housework robot ______ ______ by a little boy last month.67. “Will you take part in the sports meeting this year, Jimmy?” Susan asked. (改为宾语从句)Susan asked Jimmy ______ he ______ take part in the sports meeting this year.68. can, you, the difference, seeing and hearing, between, tell (连词成句)_______________________________________________________Part 3 Reading and WritingVI. Reading comprehensionA. Choose the best answerThe next time you sit down to a delicious dinner, ask yourself, “How much food will I be able to eat?” If you think about only taking as much food as you can eat, it will help cut down on waste. Every day, a large amount of food goes uneaten and ends up in the garbage. This is very sad considering that many people can’t even afford to have one meal every day. The problem of waste happens all over the world. People often feel the need to spend more than they can manage. This often results in waste and it can be a big problem. However, there are many things that we can do to help cut down on garbage and waste.The most important thing to remember is to be friendly to the environment. Only take as much food as you can eat, buy things in environment friendly packaging such as paper or cardboard, and leave garbage in its proper place. If every person could cut down on waste, even just a little, the overall effect would be great.Garbage and waste can be a big problem in large cities. If garbage or food is left in the streets, it can make the city dirty and may also lead to a bad smell in the streets. We all need to be responsible to clean up this problem and make the city more pleasant.It is impossible to get rid of waste completely, but we can greatly reduce it. No one is perfect, but if we pay more attention to what kinds of effect our waste has on the environment, we can work together to control the problem.69. If you think about only taking as much food as you can eat, ______.A. you can eat healthilyB. you can eat lessC. it will make you have more foodD. it will help cut down on waste70. People often feel the need to ______.A. keep the food they haveB. spend more than they can manageC. finish the food as quickly as they canD. make the food delicious71. We must leave garbage ______.A. at each cornerB. in its proper placeC. on the roadsD. in the streets72. ______ in large cities.A. People left garbage or food in the streetsB. Students make the city dirtyC. Garbage and waste can be a big problemD. Food leads to a bad smell everywhere73. We all need to be responsible to ______.A. pay more attention to the foodB. get rid of bad food completelyC. make the city more pleasantD. reduce the food we eat greatly74. From the passage we know that ______.A. everybody can do something to stop wastingB. it is possible to get rid of waste completelyC. we can control the environment and the problemD. we must remember to eat more food every mealB. Choose the words or expressions to complete the passageA mobile phone app(应用软件)has recently become very popular at the Middle School Attached to Guangzhou University. It is named Health Helper. Put your weight, height and __75____ into the app, and it will give you suggestions on how to get healthier. ___76___, the app is not designed by a company but by two Junior 3 boys from the school.The two boys are Yang Chengxi and Yang Zhenglin, both 14 years old. They learned to design apps by taking part in th e school’s app-making course, which started last year.“Electronic products are becoming increasingly popular,”said Wang Xiaopeng, the teacher of the app-making course. “It’s unpractical to block(阻隔)students from them. So why not guide them to use it in a __77____ way?”As expected, the course has ____78__ many student including Yang Chengxi and Yang Zhenglin. As cell phone game lovers, the two brought great enthusiasm(热情)into their app-making project.“It is much cooler to design a game than just playing a game,” said Yang Chengxi. They decided to create an app to keep fit since obesity(肥胖)has become a problem for many teenagers.They searched standard health information on the Internet, put them in the app and wrote simple programs to make it work. __79____ app-making software, the two boys finished their Health Helper app after three weeks of hard work.The taste of __80____ is exciting. After Health Helper, the two now plan to go a step further. They are working on a robot that can be controlled by cell phone Bluetooth. Wish them good luck.75. A. name B. class number C. address D. age76. A. Clearly B. Surprisingly C. Luckily D. Terribly77. A. more wonderful B. more difficult C. more creative D. more fashionable78. A. accepted B. attracted C. asked D. amazed79. A. With the help of B. According to C. As a result of D. In return for80. A. hobby B. achieving C. success D. lifeC. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper wordsLast Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes.Seven others were so badly damaged that their o__81__ had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were h__82__ after the storm. They didn’t know where to go.A farmer, Bob, said that the storm b__83__ early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.“I was eating with my wife and children,” he said, “W hen we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house f__84__ down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, s__85__ but very frightened.” Bob continued, “My boy cried out immediately when he saw me. I wanted to give him a hand It that time, but failed. We both tried and fin ally he managed to find his way out.”Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just l__86__ for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take a__87__,” she said, “A few minutes later, the roof came down.”Rescue workers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare department brought them food, clothes and shelter.D. Answer the questionsMalls are popular places for Americans to go. Some people spend so much time at malls that they are called mall rats.People like malls for many reasons. They don’t feel any danger around them because malls have police stations or private security guards. Parking is usually free, and the weather inside is always fine. The newest malls have beautiful rest places with waterfalls and large green trees.The largest mall in the United States is the Mall of America in Minnesota. It covers 4.2 million square feet. It has 350 stores, eight night clubs, and a seven-acre park! There are parking spaces for 12,750 cars. About 750,000 people shop there every week. The first indoor mall in the United States was built in 1965 in Edina, Minnesota. People love doing all their shopping in one place. More malls are built all over the country. Now, malls are like town centers where people come to do many things. They shop, of course. They also eat in food houses that have food from all over the world. They see films at the theaters. Some people even get their daily exercise by doing the new sport mall walking. Others go to malls to meet friends. In some malls, people can see a doctor or a dentist and even attend church. In other words, people can do just everything in malls. Now residents can actually live in their favorite shopping center.88. Why are some people in America called mall rats?89. What is the purpose of having police stations inside the malls?90. How many cars can the parking spaces of the largest mall in the United States hold?91. When and where was the first indoor mall set up in the United States?92. Why were more malls built all over the country?93. Do you prefer to have a one-day trip to such malls? Give at least two reasons.VII. Writing94. Write at least 60 words on the topic “A person helped/encouraged…me before”(以“曾经________过我的人”为题,写一篇不少于60个词的短文,标点符号不占格)很多人曾经出现在你的成长旅程中,他们或帮助你,或鼓励你,或爱护你,…请你描述他(她)是怎样的人,以及发生在你和他(她)之间的故事,并谈谈他(她)对你的影响。