2019届高考英语句子成分

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2019届高考英语句子成分.doc

2019届高考英语句子成分语法复习一：句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如： during the 1990s, american country music has become more and more popular.（名词） we often speak english in class.（代词） one-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） to swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） the rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） when we are going to have an english test has not been decided.（主语从句） it is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：he practices running everymorning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：you may keep the book for two weeks. he has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。

高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识

高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识高考英语语法基础---句子种类分类一.句子种类（按照用途分类）1.陈述句2.祈使句3.感叹句4.疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句。

）具体知识：1.陈述句陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。

它包括肯定句（The Affirmative Sentence）和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。

陈述句在书写时句末用句号，在朗读时用降调。

陈述句的五种基本句型：(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.2. 祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。

因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语you。

祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。

在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。

祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。

Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地！Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.3. 感叹句感叹句的基本构成形式1）．What(＋a/an)＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！2）．How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！3）．How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！You can't imagine how crucial a role the pigeons played in the battlefields.你无法想象在过去的战场山鸽子发挥了多么重要的作用。

高考干货英语长难句结构分析（含2019年高考全国Ⅰ-Ⅲ卷长难句）

高考干货英语长难句结构分析（含2019年高考全国Ⅰ-Ⅲ卷长难句）五种基本句式英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。

五种基本句式如下：1. 主语＋谓语(不及物动词)2. 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语3. 主语＋系动词＋表语4. 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5. 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语此外还有特殊句式如therebe-, 强调句，倒装句等。

但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。

复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。

高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。

另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应用文写作。

在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。

因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。

一、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and,both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as wellas；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。

如：Those who werehighest in status in high school, as well as those least liked inelementary school, are “most likely toengage (从事) in dangerous and risky beha vior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners liketo describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community（社区）as youfreely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deeprelationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.(2018全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D) (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B) (主语从句充当主语) Shackleton,a onetimeBritish merchant-navy officer who hadgot to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business...(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语结构做主语) 二、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔Mr. Robbins, together with his wife andchildren, is leavingLondon for Paris.Somepeople think that the great Chinesescholar Confucius, who livedfrom roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced thedevelopment of chopsticks.( 2016全国丙卷语法填空)Frank Hurley, aconfident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to makethe images, most of which have never before been published.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D)According to the report's key findings, “theproportion(比例)who saythey 'never’ or 'hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectivelytoday.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)Thewoman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, sympathetically jumped up. (2016全国甲卷完形填空) 三、复杂表语包括非谓语动词、表语从句等。

高中英语句子成分划分详解(全).(参考)

高中英语句子成分划分详解(全).Grammar of Unit 1Different parts of a sentence概念句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。

组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。

句子的成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语（直截了当和间接宾语）、宾语补脚语、定语和状语。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英语中，普通句子必须有主语和谓语），表语、宾语和宾语的补脚语是谓语里的组成部分。

其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。

▲句子成分分类1．主语主语是谓语说述的对象，表示所讲的“是啥”或“是谁”。

普通由名词、代词、别定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当，也有从句充当的现象。

大多数主语都在句首。

如：说述“谁”We work in a big factory.说述“啥”The classroom is very big.数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了别定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job.从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物.▲在“There be …”句型中，主语的位置在中间。

如：There are some bottles of milk in the box.▲在个不句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it作形式主语。

如：It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”.It took two workers about three months to build the house. 2．谓语谓语时用来讲明主语“做啥”、“是啥”或“如何样”，谓语必须是动词，谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。

如：He is very generous. She looks very smart and coolWe have finished the job. He can speak German.3．表语表语讲明主语“是啥”或“如何样”，由名词、形容词、介词、副词、别定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当，它的位置在系动词后面。

句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语高考英语语法重点归纳

十一、句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语1、主语：(1)由名词、代词(人称代词用主格)、动词不定式、动名词等充当,说明动作是“谁”发出的，主语是句子陈述的对象，说明是谁或什么，表示句子说的是“什么人”，或”什么事“，如“我写字”中的“我”，做出写字这个动作。

“写”则是谓语，“字”是宾语，是接受谓语“写”这个动作的对象，因此是宾语。

如：The painter painted a very nice picture. (画家画了一幅漂亮的画。

) / They fought against SARS bravely. (他们勇敢地与非典搏斗。

) / To see is to believe. (耳听为虚眼见为实). / Helping animals is to help people. (帮助动物就是帮助人类。

)(2)动词不定式或动名词做主语时可用it代替,而不定式或动名词移至表语或宾语之后。

如：It is very comfortable to have a Class A seat during the long journey. (在长途旅行中能有个甲等座位简直太舒服了。

) / Eating too much is bad for your health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.) (吃得太多对你的身体不利。

)（比较好看，避免头重脚轻）(3)口语中常见主语或“主--系”省略：(It is) nothing. ((那)没有什么。

)/ (It) doesn’t matter.((那)没有关系。

) / (I) thank you. ((我)谢谢你。

)(4)反意问句的附加问句,主语必须是代词：The man looks worried, doesn’t he? (这个人看上去很着急不是吗？) / Tigers are dangerous animals, aren’t they? (老虎是危险的动物不是吗？)(5)祈使句一般省略主语。

2019届高考英语考前培训：写作素能培养第1讲句子的八种句子成分

• 我和同学们决定做点什么。 (不定式作宾语)
• ②I know you take good pictures and you've always wanted to do something for environmental protection. (2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
• 我知道你摄影技术很好，而且你总是想为环境保护做些事情。 (名词作宾语)
• ①状语 ②主语 ③谓语 ④宾语
3.Music can make our mind in a peaceful state
①
②
③
④
after a whole day of tiring work. ⑤
• ①主语 ②谓语 ③宾语 ④宾补 ⑤状语
4.The meeting held yesterday 在英语写作中，学生最大的困扰是无法写出正确的句子，而传统 “以考代练”的训练模式收效甚微。要从根本上提高英语写作水平，必须从认识句子的构成要素开始，先明白各种句子成分，会写基本的简单句，再写好各种高级复杂句，最后写出完美的精彩文章。
• 第一讲明白句子的八种句子成分
↓
↓
↓
↓↓
宾语
补足语
条件状表语定语语从句
• Ⅱ.句子成分的用法
• 在了解了句子成分的定义和分类之后，下面结合具体的例子，详细讲解有关句子成分的用法要点。
• 一、主语——句子的主体
• 主语是句子的主体，是句子所要说明的人或事物，表示句子描述的是谁或什么。更确切地说，主语是说明谓语所表示的动作或状态的执行者。主语通常由名词 (短语)、代词、数词、动词不定式 (短语)、动名词 (短语)或从句等充当。
• 史密斯先生，一位英语老师，告诉我说，如果他今晚有空，他会帮我学习英语。

2019年高考英语句子成分分析真题汇编(含答案)

2019年高考英语句子成分分析真题汇编(名师精选全国真题+实战训练，建议下载练习)英语语法易混淆结构专项检测试题1．①She is such a good teacher ________ all of us love and respect.A．that B．since C．as D．who②She is such a good teacher ________ all of us love and respect her.A．that B．since C．as D．who2．①I'll go to Beijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything ________ to your son studying in Beijing University?A．to be taken B．to take C．taken D．being taken②You'll go to Beijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything ________ to your son studying in Beijing University?A．to be taken B．to take C．taken D．being taken3.①My father asked me ________ I was getting on well with my classmates.A．that B．if C．how D．what②My father asked me ________ I was getting on with my classmates.A．that B．if C．how D．what4．①I have been informed of when we ________ for London next year.A．will leave B．leave C．left D．have left②Let me know the news when you ________ in London next week.A．will arrive B．arrive C．arrived D．have arrived5．①He is working in a factory.It ________ a half year since he ________ a college student.A．is；was B．has been；becomeC．is；became D．has been；became②He is studying in college.It _______ a half year since he ____ a college student.A．is；was B．has been；becomeC．is；became D．has been；became6．①I can still remember the very reading room ________ we used to read in our younger days.A．what B．which C．that D．where②This is the very room ________ I slept in that evening.A．where B．which C．that D．who7．①He got up early, ________ to catch the train.A．to hope B．hoping C．hope D．hoped②He got up early ________ the first train.A．to catch B．catching C．catch D．caught8．①________ nice, the food was sold out soon.A．Tasted B．tasting C．To taste D．Being tasted②________ carefully, the mixture was bitter.A．Tasted B．Tasting C．Taste D．To taste9．①All the students ________，the report began.A．were seated B．seated C．were sitting D．sat down②All the students ________，and the report began.A．had seated B．seated C．were seating D．sat down10．①Charles Babbage is generally considered ________ the first computer.A．to invent B．to have invented C．inventing D．having invented②Charles Babbage always considered ________ the first computer.A．to invent B．to have invented C．inventing D．had invented 11．①Strange enough, she found her wallet ________ she lost it.A．where B．when C．in which D．that②Strange enough, she found her wallet in ________ was once ao old temple.A．where B．when C．what D．that12．①It was July 1, 1997 ________ saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.A．that B．when C．which D．in which②It was on July 1, 1997 ________ I saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.A．that B．when C．which D．in which13．①The doctor, ________ help the engineer managed to invent a new instrument, was praised.A．that B．with whose C．who D．whom②The doctor, ______ helped the engineer invent a new instrument, was praised.A．that B．with whose C．who D．whom14．①This book is very interesting.Where did you buy it? I will buy the same book ________ you have bought.A．which B．as C．that D．what②To my surprise, I did find the same wallet ________ I had lost the day before.A．which B．as C．that D．what15．①The house needn't ________.A．to clean B．cleaning C．be cleaned D．to be cleaned②The house doesn't need ________.A．clean B．cleaning C．be cleaned D．cleaned16．①It was a pity that the great scientist died ________ his works unfinished.A．for B．with C．because D．of②It was a pity that the great scientist died ________ cancer.A．at B．with C．because D．of17．①He was so angry ________ me that he left without saying a word.A．about B．with C．to D．at②He was so angry ______ what I had done that he left without saying a word.A．on B．with C．to D．at18．①If you like art and enjoy looking at the pictures, ________ is an interest.A．which B．that C．as D．what②You like art and enjoy looking at the pictures, ________ is an interest.A．which B．that C．as D．what19．①—Is this the first time that you ________ here in Beijing?—Yes.I think it's time that I ________ to the Great Wall.A．have been；am going B．have been；wentC．are；go D．are；will go②He was giving a lecture the first time I ________ him.A．meet B．met C．have met D．had met20．①He was praised ________ what he had done for the old man.A．that B．since C．because D．because of②He was praised ________ what he had done greatly benefited the people.A．that B．since C．because D．because of观察以下句子成分分析：定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

高考英语语法——句子成分

高考英语语法——句子成分（Sentences）（基础语法中的重中之重）重点用法①主语用法：一般位于句首，是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

由名词、代词、不定式、从句等或相当于名词的词或短语充当。

Harry Potter is the hero in this book.哈利·波特是这本书的主人公。

We often speak English in class.我们经常在课堂上说英语。

重点用法②谓语用法：常位于主语之后，说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或“怎么样”，总是由动词或动词短语充当。

谓语与主语在人称和数上须保持一致。

I saw your brother yesterday.我昨天看见你弟弟了。

Please look after the twins.请照看这对双胞胎。

David’s hobby is writing.戴维的业余爱好是写作。

You may keep the book for two weeks.这本书你可以借两周。

重点用法③表语用法：位于系动词之后，说明主语“是什么”，“怎么样”。

由名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、从句等充当。

Andy and I are friends.我和安迪是好朋友。

I’m fourteen.我14岁了。

Leaves have gone yellow.树叶变黄了。

重点用法④宾语用法：位于及物动词之后，表示动作的对象、承受者或结果。

由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动词-ing形式或相当于名词的词或短语充当。

The workers are building the bridge.工人们正在建造这座桥。

We should learn from her.我们应该向她学习。

I enjoy sharing my work experience.我喜欢分享我的工作经验。

重点用法⑤宾语补足语用法：位于宾语后，用来补充宾语的意义。

由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语，不定式、动词-ing形式、过去分词等充当。

高考英语句子成分与句子结构专项讲解

高考英语句子成分与句子结构专项讲解一、考点分析（考查形式：语法填空，句子翻译，及阅读中对句子的理解）二、专题详解Sentence Structure 句子成分练习①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.②There is an old man coming here.③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.(一) ①teacher ②man ③dictionary ④To do①I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall②The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB. didC. whomD. book(二) ①B ②A ③C ④A ⑤C ⑥C ⑦D ⑧C ⑨A ⑩A①The old man was feeling very tired.②Why is he worried about Jim?③The leaves have turned yellow.④Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤She was the first to learn about it.①tired②worried ③yellow④interested ⑤the first①They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.②What is your given name?③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤The man downstairs was trying to sleep.⑥I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!①with the family name②given ③third④afraid ⑤downstairs ⑥of theother shoe①My brother hasn't done his homework.②People all over the world speak English.③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④How many new words did you learn last class?⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.⑦They made him monitor of the class.⑧Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.⑨You will find it useful after you leave school.⑩They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.⑾She always thinks of how she can improve her spoken English.⑿Alisa is sorry for what she said.①his homework②English③good attention, your pronunciation④new words ⑤to go ⑥he wasill⑦him ⑧the bridge; the museum ⑨it⑩who "Father Christmas" really is.⑾how she can improve her spoken English ⑿what she said①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.②He asked her to take the boy out of school.③She found it difficult to do the work.④They call me Lily sometimes.⑤I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?①to read②to take ③difficult④Lily ⑤get on ⑥playing①There was a big smile on her face.②Every night he heard the noise upstairs.③He began to learn English when he was eleven.④The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.⑥She loves the library because she loves books.⑦I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.①On her face②every night ③when he was eleven④too fast⑤With the medicine boxunder her arm⑥because she loves books⑦if you've lost it,⑧to see the other machine①Please tell us a story.②My father bought a new bike for me last week.③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤Did he leave any message for me?⑥He told us once again that the situation was serious.(八) ①us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语②me, 间接宾语a new bike, 直接宾语③us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语④Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语⑥us间接宾语；that the situation was serious 直接宾语1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting togetherearly in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palacesin Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managedto finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. I have no idea when he was born.14. I don’t know the time when he was born.1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13 同位语14 定语句子，按结构，分为三类:简单句、并列句和复合句。

高中英语高考复习句子成分详解(共五种)

高考英语句子成分英语的基本成分有八种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 、补语（complement）和同位插入。

常用的英语句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而加以扩大｡这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词.副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语.不定式短语和分词短语)｡我们称之为:定语.状语一、定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰.限定作用的词.短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示｡定语通常位于被修饰的成分前｡若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something.nothing);或不定式.分词短语作定语.从句作定语时,则定语通常置后｡副词用作定语时须放在名词之后｡1.形容词作定语The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.)小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔｡Tom is a handsome boy.Tom是个英俊的男孩｡There is a good boy.有个乖男孩｡数词作定语相当于形容词:Two boys need two pens.两个男孩需要两支钢笔｡The two boys are students.这两个男孩是学生｡There are two boys in the room.房间里有两个男孩｡代词或名词所有格作定语:His boy needs Tom\'s pen.他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔｡His name is Tom.他的名字是汤姆｡There are two boys of Toms there.那儿有Tom家的两个男孩｡介词短语作定语:The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔｡The boy in blue is Tom.穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆｡There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩｡名词作定语:The boy needs a ball pen.男孩需要一支圆珠笔｡It is a ball pen.这是一支圆珠笔｡There is only one ball pen in the pencil box.这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔｡2.副词作定语The boy there needs a pen.那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔｡The best boy here is Tom.这里最棒的男孩是Tom｡3.不定式作定语The boy to write this letter needs a pen.写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔｡The boy to write this letter is Tom.将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆｡There is nothing to do today.今天无事要做｡4.分词(短语)作定语The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔｡The pen bought by her is made in China.她买的笔是中国产的｡There are five boys left.有五个留下的男孩｡5.定语从句The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔｡The boy you will know is Tom.你将认识的男孩叫汤姆｡There are five boys who will play the game.参加游戏的男孩有五个｡二、状语状语修饰动词.形容词.副词或全句,说明方式.因果.条件.时间.地点.让步.方向.程度.目的等｡状语在句子中的位置很灵活,常见情况为:通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间.地点.目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,地点状语一般须在时间状语之前;一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词.助动词.情态动词之后,动词之前｡有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义,应注意,如:The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘(此时in the classroom为girl的定语),也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(此时in the classroom为地点状语),最好写作‘In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.'1.副词(短语)作状语The boy needs a pen very much.男孩非常需要一支钢笔｡(程度状语)The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔｡(宾语较长则状语前置)The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔｡(程度状语)The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔｡(时间状语)2.介词短语作状语In the classroom,the boy needs a pen.在教室里,男孩需要一支钢笔｡(地点状语)Before his mother,Tom is always a boy.在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语)3.分词(短语)作状语He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔｡(表示伴随状态)Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业,男孩需要一支笔｡(原因状语)Frightened,he sits there soundlessly.(因为)受了惊吓,他无声地坐在那儿｡(原因状语)4.不定式作状语The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业｡(目的状语)To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣｡5.名词作状语Come this way!走这条路!(方向状语)状语从句:时间状语从句.地点状语从句.原因状语从句.结果状语从句.目的状语从句.比较状语从句.让步状语从句.条件状语从句三、同位语同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分,近乎于后置定语｡如: We students should study hard./ (students是we的同位语,都是指同一批‘学生’)We all are students./ (all是we的同位语,都指同样的‘我们’)四、独立成分有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分,称为句子独立成分(注意:区别于分词独立结构)｡感叹词:oh,hello,aha,ah,等｡肯定词:yes否定词:no称呼语:称呼人的用语｡插入语:一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等｡如:The story,I think,has never come to the end.我相信,这个故事还远没结束情态词:表示说话人的语气(多作为修饰全句的状语)perhaps也许,maybe大概,acturely实际上,certainly当然,等｡五、分词独立结构分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致! 否则应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词独立结构。

高考英语英语语法基础---句子成分

高中英语语法基础高中英语语法基础---句子成分句子成分句子由句子成分组成。

句子成分主要分为主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。

一.主语Subject主语是一个句子所要说明的人和物,是句子的主体。

它一般位于句首,可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词以及主语从句等来充当。

请划出句子主语，并判断是什么成分做主语。

Knowledge is power.She is a small eater.Three will be enough for us.The injured _____ (send) to hospital at once when the accident happened .To see ___ to believe._____ (read) books is my hobby._______ (我们所需要的东西) is your help.改错1. Visit a museum excites teenagers.2. Disabled should be respected.3. Our school has taken place great changes(不规则改错).二、谓语Predicate谓语是用来说明主语的动作、状态或特征,一般放在主语之后。

谓语有以下几种基本情况1.由一个动词或动词词组构成,无论这个动词是何种时态、语态和语气。

Everything ____ (go) smoothly last month.Thousands of trees _______(plant) every year.They ______(finish) the work so far.They _________(swim) in the river now.2.情态动词+动词We must study English hard.Water can be dangerous.You can’t park here- it's a no parking area.That can’t be Tom-he is studying abroad.May I come in?I may go with you, but I'm not sureShe cried her eyes out. Something terrible must _____(happen).The experiment can _________ (complete) on time.3.连系动词+表语,说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份系动词的数量是有限的,常见的只有十来个,我们把它们分成四组,这样有助于我们记忆系动词。

高考英语句子成分及句子结构

句子成分一、句子成分句子成分：组成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。

即：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和同位语。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。

表语、宾语、宾语补足语都是谓语的组成部分。

1、主语：是表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语和从句等充当。

例如：Mr. Cheng is an English teacher.程先生是英语教师He teaches English in No. 5 Middle School. 他在五中教英语。

To be a good teacher is not easy. 要当一位好老师并不容易。

The accused was sentenced to death．被指控者被判处死刑。

Her beloved died in the war. 她敬爱的人死于战场。

What he said is reasonable. 他说的话有道理。

2、谓语：是说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。

谓语（谓语部分里的主要词）用动词。

谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两个方面必须保持一致。

例如：We love China. 我热爱中国。

Mr. Cheng hopes to be a good teacher.程先生希望当一位好教师。

3、表语：是说明主语是什么或者怎么样。

由名词、代词、数词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或从句等充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。

例如：My father is a teacher. 我父亲是教师。

His work is to teach English . 他的工作是教英语。

Are you ready? 你准备好了吗？That’s what I should do. 这是我应该做的。

4、宾语：是表示动作行为的对象。

由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句等充当宾语，和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。

高三英语句子成分

常用的英语句子除了基本句型的成分不变通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。 We found the hall full. 我们发现礼堂坐满了。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。
4. S (主）+ VT （谓）+ In O（间接宾） + D O（直接宾） I give you help. 1) S + VT + N/Pron + N I sent him a book. I bought May a book. 2) S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phrase He sent a book to me. He bought a coat for me.
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下：一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋谓＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
3. S (主）+ V（谓）（lv)( 系动词）+ P（表） We are Chinese. 除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。2) 表转变变化的动词，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。 3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。4)表瞬时的动词 come, fall, set, cut, occur等 5)其他动词 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等。

高中英语句子成分及句型

Which type do the following sentences belong to?
The plan sounds perfect.
We all breathe, drink and eat.
The meeting lasted for two hours.
He is doing morning exercises.
代词
名词
动名词短语
不定式短语
从句
谓语(predicate)
说明主语的动作、状态或特征。谓语用动词或动短语充当。 Eg. My name is Jenna. I'm beginning senior high school this year.
充当谓语的动词
系动词
及物动词
不及物动词
表语 (predicative)
说明主语的身份、特征或状态，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或从句等充当，与系动词一起构成谓语。 Eg. Melbourne is a very beautiful city. Her interests are similar to mine. You look nice today. All he said was to help us improve our English. All I could do was send him a telegram. We must be off now. They are twice the size of chickens. My idea is that we should stick to our original plan.
简单句的五种基本句型 (FIVE KINDS OF SIMPLE SENTENCES)

高中英语句子成分分析直接打印版

高中英语句子成分分析直接打印版句子成分（Members of a Sentence）句子成分指的是构成句子的各个部分。

在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。

现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。

而英语的基本成分则包括七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语（adverbial）和补语（complement）。

英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语五种基本句型列式如下：1.SV（主+谓）2.SVP（主+系+表）3.SVO（主+谓+宾）4.SVOO（主+谓+间宾+直宾）5.SVOC（主+谓+宾+宾补）基本句型一：SV（主+谓）这种句型最为简单，由主语和谓语构成。

主语通常是句子中的主要人物或物品，而谓语则是动作或状态的表达。

例如：We all breathe。

eat。

and drink.（我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

）Who cares?（管它呢？）What he said does not matter.（他所讲的没有什么关系。

）They talked for half an hour.（他们谈了半个小时。

）XXX.（这支笔书写流利。

）基本句型二：SVP（主+系+表）这种句型的谓语动词不能单独表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做连系动词。

系动词分两类：be、look、keep、seem等属一类，表示情况；get、grow、e、turn等属另一类，表示变化。

be本身没有什么意义，只起连系主语和表语的作用。

其他系动词仍保持其部分词义。

感官动词多可用作连系动词，例如：look well（面色好）、sound nice（听起来不错）、feel good（感觉好）、smell bad（难闻）等。

2019高考英语写作专项经典讲座九句子结构的成分

2019 高考英语写作专项经典讲座九句子结构的成分句子结构的成分一、简单句的次要成分环绕主谓宾结构的局部膨胀，简单句就变长了。

简单句主要成分包含：主语、谓语、宾语与宾补。

次要的结构成分包含定语与状语。

主要成分缺乏了句子语法不成立，次要成分缺乏了句子语法成立。

修饰名词的成分叫做定语，定语可以由形容词、介词、非谓语和句子充当；修饰动词、句子的成分叫做状语，状语可以由副词、介词、非谓语和句子充当。

二、拓展句子定语和状语进入 5 种简单句结构中，可以大大地丰富句子的信息量，使句子变得生动、耐读。

以下图体现了简单句的逐渐膨胀过程：SVO基干句Weheldadiscussion.加定语Weheldaheateddiscussion.加状语Lastweek weheldaheated discussion amongtheteachersandstudentsofourschoolonthetopicoftheimportanceofgoodmannersatschool.上周我们在师生中进行了一次热情的谈论，话题谈及了在学校优异礼貌的重要性。

所以，学习定语和状语是进行正确生动的英文表达所不行缺乏的手段。

三、压缩句子句子剩下基干结构，意义也就暴露无遗了。

比方，Immediately,realizingtheseriousnessofthewholeincident,hemovedtoagr oundfloorroomwithasmallwaiting-roomtolookintothematterhimself,leavinghissecond-in-command 〔帮手〕 totakeoverallothercases.压缩句子剩下基干结构：Hemovedtoagroundfloorroom. 他搬到一楼的小型等待室。

简单句的扩大与缩短不会改变句型本来的结构，也不会改变本来句子的语法正确性，但是会惹起信息总量的增添与减少，从而大大地影响表达的成效。

高考英语阅读中的句型分析(2019年9月)

I am getting off at the next station. Will you have to go tomorrow?
句子成分
宾语和补语 O C
Nobody knows him. To persevere means victory. Give me four. Don’t ask me why.
I have no say in it.
He likes to go to the circus.
I think you are right.
句子成分
宾语和补语 O C
I told him a story. She cooked food for him. The two men robbed the old woman of her money.
句子成分
谓语 V
The man is driving too fast. Nobody knows him. The rich are not always happy. To persevere means victory. Traveling in space will be easy. From here to my school is 3 kilometers. What he said is true.
句子成分简单句复合句
句子成分
主语 S
The man is driving too fast. Nobody knows him. The rich are not always happy. To persevere means victory. raveling in space will be easy. From here to my school is 3 kilometers. What he said is true.

专题03 句子的结构和成分-高一英语知识点(人教2019必修1-2)

专题03句子的结构和成分一、九大句子成分句子的组成部分,包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、补语、同位语和独立成分9种，其中，主语和谓语是主要成分；表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和独立成分是次要成分。

1. 主语主语是句子叙述的主体，可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。

The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)2. 谓语谓语用来描述主语的行为或所处的状态，一般位于主语之后，由动词或动词短语充当，且谓语动词有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。

We often speak English in class.3. 宾语宾语是动作的对象或承受者，常位于及物动词或介词后面。

宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。

除少数句子（如祈使句和感叹句等）外，一句话必须同时具有主语和谓语所表达的意思才能完整。

主语是针对谓语而言的，是一句话的主题；谓语用来说明主语的情况，为主语提供信息。

例如：They are working.主语是they(他们)，那么他们在做什么呢？看来没有谓语are working 是不行的。

在正常情况下，英语的主语和谓语的位置与汉语一致，也就是说主语在前，谓语紧跟其后。

He pretended not to see me. (不定式短语)I enjoy listening to popular music. (动名词短语)4. 定语定语是修饰名词或代词，用来描述人或事物的品质或特征的句子成分。

形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、分词、从句等均可作定语。

单个词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面；短语或从句作定语则放在被修饰词的后面。

Guilin is a beautiful city. (形容词)She is a girl with a good sense of humour. (短语)5. 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的词、短语或从句(状语从句)，叫状语。

高考英语句子结构

高考英语句子结构英语的基本成分有七种：主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。

下面小编就来跟大家分析下高考英语句子结构，希望对大家有用。

高考英语句子结构如下：英文翻译中文句子一：S V (主+谓)主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词(如you)，动词不定式，动名词等。

主语一般在句首。

注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。

不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等S│V（不及物动词)：1. The sun │was shining.2. The moon │rose.3. The uni verse │remains.4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink.5. Who │cares?6. What he said │does not matter.7. They │talked for half an hour.8. The pen │writes smoothly英文翻译中文句子二： S V P (主+系+表)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做连系动词。

系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。

be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。

其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。

感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻。

2019届高考英语句子成分