上海市延安中学2017-2018学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含答案
上海市延安中学2017-2018学年高三上学期周测(十)英语试题-概要写作 Word版含答案
2017-2018学年上海市延安中学英语测试试题Directions: summarize the following passage in no more than 60 words.Children Need Chores“Parents today want their kids spending time on things that can bring them success, but ironically, we have stopped doing one thing that’s actually been a proven predictor of success—and that’s household chores,” says Richard Rende, a developmental psychologist in Paradise Valley, Ariz, and commenter of the forthcoming book—“Raising Can—Do Kids”. Decades of study shows the benefits of chores—economically, emotionally and even professionally.Giving children household chores at an early age helps to build a lasting sense of mastery, responsibility and self-reliance, according to research by Marty Rossmann, professor emeritus at the University of Minnesota. In 2002, Dr. Rossmann analyzed data from a longitudinal study that followed 84 children across four periods in their lives—in preschool around ages 10 to 15, and in their mid-20s. She found that young adults who began chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely to have good relationships with family and friends, as compared with those who didn’t have chores or those who started as teens.Chores also teach children how to be empathetic and responsive to other’s needs, notes psychologist Richard Weissbourd of the Harvard Graduate School of Education. In research, he and his team surveyed 10,000 middle and high-school students and asked them to rank what they valued most: achievement, happiness or caring for others.Almost 80% percent chose either achievement or happiness over caring for others. As he points out, however, research suggest that personal happiness comes most reliably not from high achievement but from strong relationships. “We are out of balance,” says Dr. Weissbourd. A good way to start readjusting priorities, he suggest, is by learning to be kind and helpful at home.The next time your child asks you to skip the chores to do homework, resist the urge to let him or her off the hook, says psychologist Madeline Levine, author of “Teach Your Children Well”. Being slack about chores when they compete with school send you child the message that grades and achievement are more important than caring about others. “What may seem like small message in the moment,” she says, “add up to big ones in the future.”Keys: parents today neglect household chores, but studies show chores academically, emotionally and professional benefits. Giving young children chores help children build a lasting sense of mastery, responsibility and self-reliance. Chores also make them empathetic and more responsive to others’ needs. So research suggest children should learn to be kind and helpful at home and parents should give them chores.(59 words)。
上海市延安中学2017-2018学年高三上学期综合试卷(二语法与词汇部分)英语试题 Word版含答案
延安中学2017-2018学年高三综合试卷二（语法与词汇部分）Section ADirections: Read the following two passages: Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.ASeveral years ago, I drove into a service station to get some gas. It was a beautiful day, I was feeling great. As I walked into the station to pay for the gas, the attendant said to me:” You don’t look well” That completely took me by surprise, I told him I had never felt ___25_____ (well). Without hesitation he told me I looked terribly bad and my skin appeared yellow.When I felt the service station, ___26____(feel) a little uneasy, I pulled over to the side of road and look at my face in the mirror. How did I feel? Was everything all right? Had I picked up__27__ rare disease? Had I picked up hepatitis(肝炎)?The next time I drove into the service station, I figured out what___28____ (happen). The place had recently been painted a bright yellow, the light__29_____ (reflect) off the walks made someone inside look as though they had hepatitis. I wondered how many folks had reacted the way I did. I had let one short conversation with a total stranger__30____ (change) my attitude for an entire day. He told me I looked sick, and before long, I was actually feeling sick. That single negative observation had a profound effect___31___ the way I felt and acted.A little while later I saw how funny the incident was. I wonder how many other people that man had told they were ill __32____he realized that the service station had a paint job.BMy daughter and I were flying to spend a week with my husband in Florida. The plane was totally full. I had noticed some Boy Scouts (童子军) at the gate and promised to my daughter that if ____33___ happened, we would be OK with all those Scouts on our flight!Unfortunately, our seats were separated by the aisle(走道), Kallie was nervous about the trip and had counted on my reading to her the whole way. ___34____ (try) to read across the aisle would be a challenge.When the two passengers who shared my row boarded the plane, I asked if they ___35___ switch places with Kallie and me. They refused. Meanwhile, a mother and her three children were panicking several rows ahead of us. There had been a mistake with their boarding passes, and the whole family__36___ (split) up. The passengers in her row also refused to move. The mother was concerned about the younger boy sitting with strangers.Suddenly the Scout leader stood up and said, “Ma’am, we can help you.” He then spent five minutes rearranging his group. The mother’s relief was obvious.Kallie, however, was still upset. I told her that there wasn’t anything___37____ I could do; we would have to sit____38___ we were. Gradually, the man sitting next to the Scoutmaster (not a Scout himself) turned around and asked, “would you and your daughter like our seats?” We traded seats and continued our trip, very much ___39____(relieve) to be together.Would that man have offered us his seat if the Scouts hadn’t done so for the mom andher children?I don’t know. But the belief lives on in my mind ___40____kindness is contagious(蔓延)！答案：25. better 26.feeling 27.a 28.had happened29.reflecting 30.change 31.on 32.before 33.anything34.Trying 35.could 36.has been split 37.that 38.where39.relieved 40.thatSection B (10)Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is one extra which you do not need.Sports would not be sports without its rivalries. Lin Dan and Lee Chong Wei, Sun Yang and Park Tae-hwan, Michael Phelps and Ryan Lochte-these friendly rivalries contributed to some of the most __41__ moments at the London Olympics. In fact, new research on rivalry suggests rivals like Phelps and Lochte are both the better Athletes for their epic battle to be the best.“ A rivalry in this kind of ___42___is apt(倾向于) to benefit these swimmers’ motivation and performance,’ said Gavin Kilduff, an assistant professor at New York University who studies the causes and consequences of rivalry.Intense rivalries ___43___for three reasons, according to past research by Kilduff and colleagues. First, competitors turn into rivals when they feel similar to one another, both in terms of characteristics and abilities. Second, a rivalry builds the more times two competitors face off. It further _44__when past contests have been closely decided.“That could be in part because if you win or lose by a very small margin, you __45___that the opposite could have happened; that can be very emotionally ___46___situation that lives on in your mind,” said Kilduff.Research by Kilduff and colleagues suggests that the rivalry between Phelps and Lochte could be shaving as much as two percent off their times. Looking at the performance of 82 amateur runners of five-kilometer races over the course of six years, the researchers found that the runner ran, on average, 25 seconds faster when they competed against a runner who fit the __47_____of being their rival.Although one cannot always reliably apply that number to other sports or situation, Kilduff said the message is clear:” Rivalries produce a(n) ___48____performance boost.”That holds true for everyone. Kilduff found that having a rival in school, the workplace, or on a sports team__49____ and energizes us. There’s a dark side, however: Kilduff also found that people in a rivalry more often cheat or lie when given the _____50_____In short, when you have a rival,” you’re going to put forth more effort,” he said,” but you’re also going to cut corners and just do whatever it takes to win."答案：41. F 42.E 43.H 44.A 45.B 46.I 47.D 48.J 49.K 50.G。
上海市延安中学2017届高三上学期综合试卷(二语法与词汇部分)英语试题 Word版含答案
延安中学高三综合试卷二（语法与词汇部分）Section ADirections: Read the following two passages: Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.ASeveral years ago, I drove into a service station to get some gas. It was a beautiful day, I was feeling great. As I walked into the station to pay for the gas, the attendant said to me:” You don’t look well” That completely took me by surprise, I told him I had never felt ___25_____ (well). Without hesitation he told me I looked terribly bad and my skin appeared yellow.When I felt the service station, ___26____(feel) a little uneasy, I pulled over to the side of road and look at my face in the mirror. How did I feel? Was everything all right? Had I picked up__27__ rare disease? Had I picked up hepatitis(肝炎)?The next time I drove into the service station, I figured out what___28____ (happen). The place had recently been painted a bright yellow, the light__29_____ (reflect) off the walks made someone inside look as though they had hepatitis. I wondered how many folks had reacted the way I did. I had let one short conversation with a total stranger__30____ (change) my attitude for an entire day. He told me I looked sick, and before long, I was actually feeling sick. That single negative observation had a profound effect___31___ the way I felt and acted.A little while later I saw how funny the incident was. I wonder how many other people that man had told they were ill __32____he realized that the service station had a paint job.BMy daughter and I were flying to spend a week with my husband in Florida. The plane was totally full. I had noticed some Boy Scouts (童子军) at the gate and promised to my daughter that if ____33___ happened, we would be OK with all those Scouts on our flight!Unfortunately, our seats were separated by the aisle(走道), Kallie was nervous about the trip and had counted on my reading to her the whole way. ___34____ (try) to read across the aisle would be a challenge.When the two passengers who shared my row boarded the plane, I asked if they ___35___ switch places with Kallie and me. They refused. Meanwhile, a mother and her three children were panicking several rows ahead of us. There had been a mistake with their boarding passes, and the whole family__36___ (split) up. The passengers in her row also refused to move. The mother was concerned about the younger boy sitting with strangers.Suddenly the Scout leader stood up and said, “Ma’am, we can help you.” He then spent five minutes rearranging his group. The mother’s relief was obvious.Kallie, however, was still upset. I told her that there wasn’t anything___37____ I could do; we would have to sit____38___ we were. Gradually, the man sitting next to the Scoutmaster (not a Scout himself) turned around and asked, “would you and your daughter like our seats?” We traded seats and continued our trip, very much ___39____(relieve) to be together.Would that man have offered us his seat if the Scouts hadn’t done so for the mom andher children?I don’t know. But the belief lives on in my mind ___40____kindness is contagious(蔓延)！答案：25. better 26.feeling 27.a 28.had happened29.reflecting 30.change 31.on 32.before 33.anything34.Trying 35.could 36.has been split 37.that 38.where39.relieved 40.thatSection B (10)Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is one extra which you do not need.Sports would not be sports without its rivalries. Lin Dan and Lee Chong Wei, Sun Yang and Park Tae-hwan, Michael Phelps and Ryan Lochte-these friendly rivalries contributed to some of the most __41__ moments at the London Olympics. In fact, new research on rivalry suggests rivals like Phelps and Lochte are both the better Athletes for their epic battle to be the best.“ A rivalry in this kind of ___42___is apt(倾向于) to benefit these swimmers’ motivation and performance,’ said Gavin Kilduff, an assistant professor at New York University who studies the causes and consequences of rivalry.Intense rivalries ___43___for three reasons, according to past research by Kilduff and colleagues. First, competitors turn into rivals when they feel similar to one another, both in terms of characteristics and abilities. Second, a rivalry builds the more times two competitors face off. It further _44__when past contests have been closely decided.“That could be in part because if you win or lose by a very small margin, you __45___that the opposite could have happened; that can be very emotionally ___46___situation that lives on in your mind,” said Kilduff.Research by Kilduff and colleagues suggests that the rivalry between Phelps and Lochte could be shaving as much as two percent off their times. Looking at the performance of 82 amateur runners of five-kilometer races over the course of six years, the researchers found that the runner ran, on average, 25 seconds faster when they competed against a runner who fit the __47_____of being their rival.Although one cannot always reliably apply that number to other sports or situation, Kilduff said the message is clear:” Rivalries produce a(n) ___48____performance boost.”That holds true for everyone. Kilduff found that having a rival in school, the workplace, or on a sports team__49____ and energizes us. There’s a dark side, however: Kilduff also found that people in a rivalry more often cheat or lie when given the _____50_____In short, when you have a rival,” you’re going to put forth more effort,” he said,” but you’re also going to cut corners and just do whatever it takes to win."答案：41. F 42.E 43.H 44.A 45.B 46.I 47.D 48.J 49.K 50.G。
2019-2020学年上海市延安中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市延安中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI once taught in a small private school. Each morning at nine o’clock all the students, ranging in age from three to seven years old, gathered in the Great Room for a warm-up in preparation for the day.One morning the headmistress made an announcement to all the children gathered,“Today we begin a great experiment of the mind.” She held up two ivy(常春藤) plants, each potted in an identical container. She continued, “Do they look the same?”All the children nodded. So did I, for, in this way, I was alsoa child.“We will give the plants the same amount of light, the same amount of water, but not the same amount of attention,” She said. “Together we are going to see what will happen when we put one plant in the kitchen away from our attention and the other plant right here in this room. Each day for the next month, we shall sing to our plant in the Great Room and tell it how much we love it, and how beautiful it is. We will use our good minds to think good thoughts about it.”Four weeks later my eyes were as wide and disbelieving as the children’s. The kitchen plant was leggy and sick-looking, and it hadn’t grown at all. But the Great Room plant, which had been sung to and surrounded by positive thoughts and words, had increased threefold in size with dark leaves that were filled with energy.In order to prove the experiment, the kitchen ivy was brought to the Great Room to join the other ivy. Within three weeks, the second plant had caught up with the first ivy. Within four weeks, they could not be distinguished, one from the other.I took this lesson to heart and made it my own.1. Why did the headmistress do the experiment?A. She wanted to teach me a lesson.B. She expected the students to learn to grow plants.C. She meant to prove the impact of good minds on growth.D. She intended to show students how to save a sick-looking plant.2. What happened to the ivy in the kitchen at last?A. It stopped growing and died.B. It was leggy and sick with dark leaves.C. It looked almost the same as the other one.D. It grew better than the one in the Great Room.3. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Life Means GrowthB. Things Grow with LoveC. Equality Makes a DifferenceD. Positive Thoughts Really CountBIn 2002, young Elon Musk tried unsuccessfully to buy Russian rockets to help him send mice to Mars and back. Afterwards, the youngmillionaire decided to build his own rockets.Musk went to Southern California and started hiring people to help bring his dream to life. In a very short time, and despite some failures, his company SpaceX launched Falcon 1, the first successful privately-built liquid fuel rocket, into Earth's orbit in 2008.As the first Falcon rocket began testing, development was already underway for the Falcon 9. This much larger rocket, which uses nine engines to lift heavy payloads（有效载荷）into orbit, is engineered to return to Earth, ready to be reused for another flight.For Musk, space is the final destination. To help people get there, his company Neuralink is developing devices that will link people's brains with computers. A similar device has been developed at the University of Utah. It consists of a chip（芯片）with 256 threads（线程）that is placed between a person's skin and brain. The threads attach directly to brain tissue（脑组织）.Patients who have the device are able to use only their minds to communicate with one another through computers.Neuralink's chips will have about 1,000 threads. A robot developed by the company will place up to ten chips under a person's skin. The chips will communicate without wires but with a tiny device that will be worn behind the person's ear. That device, in turn, will communicate with computers. The primary market for the technology will be for people that, because of injuries or birth defects, cannot control their hands and arms. With Neuralink^ product, they'll be able to mentally command a computer to type messages for them or carry out other tasks.4. According to this article, what was the first Falcon 1 able to do?A. Launch big satellites.B. Reach distant moons.C. Move around our planet.D. Study the universe.5. What does the article explain about Neuralink's chips?A. How they'll be set up.B. What safety features they'll have.C. How much money they'll earn.D. Where they'll be produced.6. According to this article, who is Neuralink going to market its product to first?A. Those who own great wealth.B. Those who are physically disabled.C. Those who travel internationally.D. Those who do research on plants.7. In which publication is this article most likely to appear?A. The Journal of Environmental Studies.B. Advances in Business and Technology.C. Digest of Fashion and Entertainment News,D. Consumer's Guide to Outdoor Recreation.CThe common use of Google Maps, a navigation(导航) app on smartphones, raises the age-old question we meet with any technology:What skills are we losing? But also, crucially: What capabilities are we gaining?People who are good at finding their way around or good at using paper maps usually experience lots of confusion with digital maps. For example, they may mess up the direction of north and south, and you can see only a small section at a time. But consider what digital navigation aids have meant for someone like me. Despite being a frequent traveler, I’m so terrible at finding my way that I still use Google Maps almost every day in the small town where I have lived for many years. What seems unnecessary to some has been a significant expansion of my own capabilities.Part of the problem is that reading paper maps requires a specific skill set. There is nothing natural about them. In many developed nations, street names and house numbers are meaningful, and instructions such as “go north for three blocks and then west” usually make sense. In Istanbul, in contrast, where I grew up, none of those hold true. For one thing, the locals rarely use street names, and house numbers often aren’tsequentialeither because after buildings 1, 2 and 3 were built, someone squeezed in another house between 1 and 2, and now that’s 4. But then 5 will maybe get built after 3, and 6 will be between 2 and 3. Besides, the city is full of winding and ancient streets that meet with newer ones. Therefore, instructions as simple as “go north” would require ahelicopter. I got lost all the time.But since I used Google Maps, I travel with a lot more confidence, and my world has opened up. And because I go to more places more confidently, I believe my native navigation skills have somewhat improved, too.That brings me back to my original question: while we often lose some skills after seeking convenience from technology, this new setup may also allow us to expand our capabilities and do something more confidently. Maybe when technology closes a door, we should also look for the doors it opens.8. How does the author feel about Google Maps?A Confusing. B. Unnecessary. C. Complicated. D. Helpful.9. Which contributes to the difficulty of finding ways in Istanbul?A. Strange street names.B. Ordinary paper maps.C. Complex road arrangements.D. Lack of road instructions.10. What does the underlined word “sequential” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. In a fixed order.B. In good condition.C. Of great importance.D. Of the same kind.11. What column of a newspaper may this passage belong to?A. Fashion.B. Opinion.C. Society.D. Geography.DThe far side of the moonis a strange and wild region, quite different from the familiar and mostly smooth face we see nightly from our planet. Soon this rough space will have even stranger features: it will be crowded with radio telescopes.Astronomers are planning to make the moon's distant side our newest and best window on the cosmic(宇宙的) dark ages, a mysterious era hiding early marks of stars and galaxies. Our universe was not always filled with stars. About 380,000 years after the big bang, the universe cooled, and the first atoms of hydrogen formed. Gigantic hydrogen clouds soon filled the universe. But for a few hundred million years, everything remained dark, without stars. Then came the cosmic dawn: the first stars flickered, galaxies came into existence and slowly the universe's largescale structure took shape.The seeds of this structure must have been present in the darkage hydrogen clouds, but the era has been impossible toprobeusing optical(光学的) telescopes—there was no light. And although this hydrogen produced longwavelength(or lowfrequency) radio emissions,radio telescopes on Earth have found it nearly impossible to detect them. Our atmosphere either blocks or disturbs these faint signals; those that get through are drowned outby humanity's radio noise.Scientists have dreamed for decades of studying the cosmic dark ages from the moon's far side. Now multiple space agencies plan lunar missions carrying radiowavedetecting instruments—some within the next three years—and astronomers' dreams are set to become reality.“If I were to design an ideal place to do lowfrequency radio astronomy, I would have to build the moon,”says astrophysicist Jack Burns of the University of Colorado Boulder. “We are just now finally getting to the place where we're actually going to be putting these telescopes down on the moon in the next few years.”12. What's the purpose of building radio telescopes on the moon?A To research the big bang. B. To discover unknown stars.C. To study the cosmic dark ages.D. To observe the far side of the moon.13. What does the underlined word “probe” in Paragraph 3 possibly mean?A. Explore.B. Evaluate.C. Produce.D. Predict.14. Hydrogen radio emissions can't be detected on Earth because ________．A. there was no light in the dark agesB. they cannot possibly get through our atmosphereC. gigantic hydrogen clouds no longer fill the universeD. radio signals on Earth cause too much interference15. What can we infer from theunderlined sentence in the last paragraph?A. Scientists have to rebuild the moon.B. We will finally get to the moon's distant side.C. The moon is a perfect place to set up radio telescopes.D. A favorable research environment will be found on the moon.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市延安中学高三期末英语考试
上海市延安中学高三期末考试（考试时间：120 分钟：满分：l50 分）第I卷II. Grammar &vocabularySection A (16)Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, each blank with the proper form of the given word For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word Make sure that your answers are grammaticallycorrect.(A)The courses of the Essex English Language Program valuable though they were, did not pose a challenge to me. However, during the two weeks there, I still failed on one simple but subtle question, “What else?’’This question was raised by Alex, a teacher from the University of Essex. And I was the ignorant student who blankly stared at the textbook ju.st like my Japanese classmate. In front of me was a picture of the first Ford Model T assembly line. You must have seen similar old pictures,25 workers are proudly fixing the bolts and checking car lever.A minute before, Alex asked, "According to the picture, what are the differences between the factories today and back then?""The assembly line was less mechanized then, I promptly answered.Dead silence. I pretended to ponder over the question, but actually I got 26 in my head. How 27 there be anything else different? Isn't the assembly line an idea so brilliant that it has been passed down without any major changes? It was the Japanese student next to me 28 broke the silence:"There were no protective devices 29 the workers." "Rig ht. There were no protections. What else?" Alex kept digging.Of course! There were no protective devices. How could I have overlooked that? I, for the first time, started to doubt my intellect while 30 (struggle) with the second "What else?"Shiho, who sat on my left, already had an idea: "There were child laborers." Obviously, there was a kid standing right in front of the camera. What else? Tom found out that there were no women. What else? Now it was Tomomi's turn to point out that the workers seemed to live a 31 (good) life than now, judging from their clothes. I sat there totally 32 (beat). There answers were right under my eyes, but I could even spend another day staring at the picture without noticing them.The “What else?”question was never about i mportance. It was about the souls alive behind the cold facts(B)A huge fire has engulfed a 63-storey hotel in central Dubai ahead of a New Year’s Eve firework display. 33 the blaze at the Address hotel, the display at the nearby Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world, started as planned at midnight.Officials say the fire 34 largely under control and 16 people suffered mostly minor injures. It is unclear _35_ caused the blaze, which broke out as large crowds had gathered to ring in the New Year. People were asked to leave the area around the Address Downtown Hotel, which was evacuated.As I watched the flames engulf the massive building, I knew right away it was the Address Hotel in Dubai’s downtown district that overlooks Burj Khalifa. I also knew that it was fully booked five years in advance. There were also thousands of people in the streets below and in the adjacent buildings, all waiting to view the highly anticipated New Year’s Eve fireworks display,36 them my youngest sister. After checking on my sister, I hastily decided to head out to downtown Dubai in the hope of seeing the scene on the ground for myself.As I approached downtown, I realized that the normally brightly illuminated Burj Khalifa was only half-lit and I could barely see the imposing structure amid the black smoke from the Address Hotel. I did not expect to spend the next four hours right outside the downtown area, in one of the worst traffic jams I have ever encountered. 37 the clock struck midnight, I resigned myself to ringing in the New Year among thousands of strangers, all gazing out of our carstowards Burj Khalifa’s spectacular fireworks display, alongside a burning hotel.It started on the 20th floor, officials said, and had not spread inside the building, they claimed.14 people were believed to 38 minor injuries, one moderate injuries and there was one "heart attack case" due to "overcrowding and smoke".Irish singer Anita Williams, who 39 at the hotel when the fire began, told the BBC that people left in a "stampede"."We left everything. There was debris falling down. It [the fire] just shot up through the entire hotel."Everybody was screaming, everybody was running... I thought: ’This is40 film’."Section B (10)Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is onebe apart. So please –do not break this family apart. In human relations it’s almost never a good thing to turn away from each other, to put up walls, or to 41 new lines on the map. Why would we take one Great Britain and turn it into 42 smaller nations?What is that an answer to?How will that help the ambitious young people who want to make their mark on the world or the pensioner who just wants security or the family relying on jobs make in the UK? Let no-one fool you that ‘Yes’ is a43 vision. It’s about dividing people; it’s closing doors; it’s about making foreigners of our friends and family. This isn’t an opti mistic vision. The optimistic vision is of our family of nations staying together there for each other in the hard times coming through to better times.We’ve just 44 a great recession together. We’re now moving forward together. The road has been lon g but it is finally leading upwards and that’s why I ask you to vote No to walking away. Vote No and you are voting for a bigger and broader and better future for Scotland and you are investing in the future for your children and grandchildren. So this is our message to the people of Scotland.We want you to stay. Head and heart and soul, we want you to stay. Please don’t mix up the temporary and the permanent. Please don’t think: I’m45 with politics right now, so I’ll walk out the door and never come back.If you don’t like me –I won’t be here forever. If you don’t like this Government –it won’t last forever. But if you leave the UK – that will be forever.Yes, the different parts of the UK don’t always see eye-to-eye.Yes, we need change – and we will deliver it. But to get that change, to get a brighter future, we don’t need to 46 our country apart.In two days, this long campaign will be at an end. And as you stand in the 47 of the polling booth, I hope you will ask yourself this. Will my family and I truly be better off by going it alone? Will we really be more safe and 48 ? Do I really want to turn my back on the rest of Britain, and why is it that so many people across the world are asking: why would Scotland want to do that? W hy? And if you don’t know the answer to these questions – then please vote No.At the end of the day, all the arguments of this campaign can be 49 to a single fact. We are better together. So as you reach your final decision, please don’t let anyone tell you that you can’t be a proud Scot and a proud Brit. Don’t lose faith in what this country is –and what we can be. Don’t forget what a great United Kingdom you are part of. Don’t turn your backs on what is the best family of nations in the world and the best hope for your family in this world. So please, from all of us: Vote to 50 together. V ote to stay. V ote to save our United Kingdom.Section A (15)Shoppers on Black Friday, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season in America are notoriously(臭名昭著的) 51 . Some even start queuing outside stores before dawn to be the first to lay their hands on heavily discounted goods. Despite the madness at many stores, 52 , the global economic recession appears to have accelerated the pace at which shoppers are 53 bricks and mortar(灰浆) in favor of online retailers---e-retailers, E-commerce holds particular 54 in poor times as it enables people to compare prices across retailers quickly and easily. Buyers can sometimes avoid local sales taxes online, and shipping is often free. No wonder, then，that online shopping continues to grow even as the offline sort 55 . The 56 in spending to the Internet is good news for companies like P&G that lack retail shops of their own．But it is a big 57 for physical retailers, whose prices are often higher than those of e-retailers, since they must 58 the extra expense of running stores.The most obvious response to the growth of e-retailing is for 59 retailers to redouble their own efforts online. The online arms of big retailers are performing well, 60 .The concept of “multi-channel” shopping，where people can purchase the same items from the same retailer in several different ways online, is gaining popularity, and retailers are trying to 61 users of one channel to try another.Retailers are also trying to make online shopping seem 62 and exciting to act against the low economy．One common tactic is to set up “pop—up” stores，which appear for a short time before disappearing again，to develop a sense of novelty and 63 .Stores are also trying to attract customer by offering services that are not 64 online. Best Buy, a consumer-electronics retailer, has started selling music lessons along with its musical instruments. Lululemon athletica, which sells sports clothes, offers free yoga classes: The idea is to bring people back to its shops 65 , increasing the likelihood that they will develop the habit of shopping there.51. A. positive B. productive C. aggressive D. competitive52. A. moreover B. otherwise C. meanwhile D. however53. A. abandoning B. applying C. foreseeing D. predicting54. A. opinion B. intention C. interest D. appeal55. A. soars B．Shrinks C. contracts D. squeeze56. A. shift B. demand C. impact D. pattern57. A. concern B. care C. influence D. contrast58. A. carry B. cease C. bear D. record59. A.additional. B. mysterious C. relevant D.conventional60 A.on their own B.on the whole C onthecontrary D.ontheotherhand61.A.encourage B. represent C. stimulate D. allow62. A. solution B. irony C.fun D. vision63.A.emergency B. urgency C. humor D. Promotion64. A. available B. expected C. apparent D. incredible65 A. extremely B. regularly C. especially D. properlySection B (24)(A)Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(绕行路) in life that by the narrow road toward goals. I like this image. But I as quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents’ home in Boise in nine hours. We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest , easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hates confinement(限制) and have strong opinions about everything.Road trips felt risky, so I would drive fast, stopping only when I had to. We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.But then Banner, our lamb was born. He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise. I had two choices: leave Banner with my husband, or take him with me. My husband made the decision for me.That is how I found myself on the road with four kids, a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through. We took the country roads out of necessity. We had to stop every hour, let Banner shke out his legs and feed him. The kids chased him and one another. They’d get back in the car breathless and energized, smelling fresh from the cold air.We explored side roads, catching grasshoppers in waist-high grass. Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother, or fish leaping out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway. Here was life. And new horizons(见识).We eventually arrived at my parents ‘doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stor iesI grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique. On an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling. I stopped the car, ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead. I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight. But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey----and the best part of yourself.66.Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents ‘home?A. It was less timeB. It would be faster and saferC. Her kids would feel less confinedD. She felt better with other drivers nearby67. What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6?A. Freeways are where beauty hides.B. Getting close to nature adds to the joy of lifeC. Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one’s healthD. One should follow side roads to watch wild animals68. What could be the best title for the passage?A. Charm of the DetourB. The Road to BraveryC. Creativity out of NecessityD. Road trip and Country Life(B)Detailed Guidance on Analytical FeaturesThe definition of an analytical featureHard news is the kind of fast-paced news that usually appears in newspapers, magazines and some other mediums. Because each story in only relevant for a short time, writing must be concise and without excessive detail..Like a hard news story, an analytical feature also appears in newspapers; magazines or on the Web. However, an analytical feature covers a topic in some depth. It examines important issues or events in details, and provides more interpretation and background information for readers than hard news. Writing an analytical feature means looking for patterns, motives and outcomes that explain the event issue or problem.An analytical feature should be based on an investigation of documents in the public domain-archives, libraries, scholarship, or local offices-and an interview with people with knowledge related to the topic.Step-by-step guide to feature writing1. Select a topic2. Make a list of preliminary questions to establish what needs to be known about the topic. Ffere are some of the basic questions that a feature addresses.●What is the problem?●What institutions and people are involved?●What is the standpoint?●What causes the problem?●What are the possible consequences?3. List your sources--people: institutions, documents, books, articles that are likely to provide information and answers to your questions.4. Refine your questions decide what you are going to look for in the written documents and what you are going to ask your potential sources.5. Arrange your appointments, interviews or are, archival searches in a logical order, following the plan for your basicquestions.6. Conduct interviews Ly what information you are trying to get from each source.7. Write and outline that sets up the structure of the feature.8. Go back to your notes, organize information, compare and contrast data, analyze material, identify missing information, expand the list of sources, and conduct new interviews.9. Write the featureAnalytical feature structureTHE INTRO: The most important function of the introduction is to make the readers want to read on.THE BODY OF THE FEATURE: The content of the feature will vary depending on the subject matter, style of publication, supposed interests of the readers and intentions of the journals. The following points are what you should include in the body of your feature.●Facts—include the mat appropriate points throughout the text rather than in chunks,●Quotes-can bring writing to life, inject authority and powerful expression into the piece.Think carefully which bits of your research to quote and which bits to translate into your own words, as the simple facts ofa story do not normally need to be told through direct quotes.● Description—Let the readers see what you are seeing, show rather than tell.Analysis-can be provided by experts who have conducted relevant research, but it may also be provided by ordinary people with direct knowledge and involvement. Your own analysis of the topic should be based on extensive research and supported by evidence.THL ENDING: Aim to provide a rounded ending of the text either in the form of a summary, a quote or a return to the scene of the introduction.69. The guidance on analytical features is most probably taken from ?A. a book on news writingB. a movie scriptC. a school admission brochureD. a book on interview preparation70. Unlike a hard news story, an analytical feature .A. only published in in-depth magazines, instead of in newspapers or on websitesB. investigates issues or events behind the newsC. interprets issues or events clearly and concisely without excessive detailD. covers a couple of topics71. Before you write analytical feature, you should do all the following EXCEPT ?A. preparing the questions for your interviewsB. writing a short summary of the main points of the featureC. sorting out and analyzing the information and data you collectedD. filming and recording the issue or event you want to investigate72. When you write the body of an analytical feature, you should ?A. summarize the main idea of the featureB. be in agreement with me opening paragraphC. introduce the topic of the featureD. analyze the topic based on your research(C)Most of us know to stay low to the floor if we're caught in a fire, or head to the basement if a tornado's coming, or board up the windows in a hurricane. But, because relatively few of us live along fault lines, t he massive earthquake that hit Haiti this month was a reminder that we're far less versed on what to do when the ground below us convulses. If we're in a house or building, for example, our first impulse might be to run outside — but, counterintuitive as it might sound, experts warn against that since people are too often killed by falling or fallen debris as they try to escape.Given how many us travel in quake-prone regions today — including, tragically, the four students and two professors from Lynn University in Florida who perished in the Haiti quake — even folks who don't reside in California should know how to survive a temblor. But there are two different, and at times competing, schools of thought on the matter— both of which are considered valid but perhaps not always in the same situations.The most conventional and widely accepted by the disaster-response community, is the "drop, cover and hold on" approach, which urges people to take cover beneath something like a heavy table to avoid falling objects. The second, newer method is known as "the triangle of life." It recommends lying down in a fetal position not under but next tofurniture; as roofs and walls collapse atop those sofas and desks, buffer spaces are created that protect people from being crushed.Over the past decade, a consensus has been building that "drop, cover and hold on" is a more appropriate method for developed countries like the U.S., where improved construction has greatly reduced the likelihood of structures imploding. The triangle of life is thought to be more pertinent in developing nations like Haiti, where shoddy building codes make finding a "survivable void" inside collapsed buildings more important than shielding yourself from falling chandeliers. "You have to think about the hazard level of the area you're in," says Gary Patterson, a geologist and director of education and outreach at the Center for Earthquake Research & Information at the University of Memphis in Tennessee. "If you're going to play the odds, drop-and-cover may be the best way to go, but a lot of emergency responders might say triangle-of-life because they're the ones who see the fatalities in buildings that do collapse."73. By saying "relatively few of us live lines"(the underline), the author means that most of us ?A. make mistakes when facing emergenciesB. can deal with emergencies in a proper wayC. are seldom bothered by massive earthquakesD. hardly know what to do in an earthquake74. What do m ost people take as “counter-instinctive” when there is an earthquake?A. That people run outside impulsively.B. That experts warn against running outside,C. That experts warn again trying to escape.D. That people are often killed by falling objects.75. What did the four students and two professors from Lynn University in Florida go to Haiti for?A. To study earthquakes.B. To help rescue work.C. To be on personal trip.D. To be on business trip.76. The new method differs from the conventional method in that former believes that .A. people don't need to take overB. people don't need heavy furnitureC. furniture collapses when roofs and walls fallD. furniture can uphold the fallen roofs and walls77. As for which method to choose in an earthquake, Gary Patterson suggests basing the choice on .A. your whereaboutsB. the intensity of the earthquakeC. the "drop, cover and hold on" approachD. the “triangle of life approach”Section C (8)Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.In this era, we're raised to try new things and enjoy life's endless possibilities.lt seems as if the more complex and concentrated our intellectual efforts are, the further and richer our life would be.This striving for fullness and variety: however, has always prompted a counter-desire toward simplicity. As American writer Henry David Thoreau put it: "As you simplify your life, the laws of the universe will be simpler. [Loneliness] will not be [loneliness]; poverty will not be poverty, nor weakness, weakness.’’Today, the most popular simplicity movement is to tidy up one's living areas. Cleaning out the closets and wardrobes has become a habit for many. It is a search for calmness, a blow against stress, and a longing for a beauty that is found by getting rid of what is not beautiful.The second big tendency in today's simplicity movement involves mental purity. Many of us are on a wireless hamster-wheel. Something special like a dinner party or a museum visit is spoiled when your mind is on your screen or in five places at once. So, there's a mass movement to regain control of your own attention, to set priorities about what you will think about, and to see fewer things but to see them more deeply.There's clearly some process of discovery in leading a simpler life. You first choose your identity by adding things to your life , but later, you update your identity by throwing away what you think is no longer useful, true and beautiful. One simplicity expert advised people to take all the books off their shelves and throw them on the floor. Only put back the books that you truly value.That's an exercise in realizing your favorite tastes and beliefs, in identifying things that matter most in your life. People who do this may instinctively be seeking higher forms of simplicity: being faultless with words, cautious but strong with their commitments, disciplined about their time and selective their friendships.In a world of rich materialism and abundant opportunities, many people are clearly learning who they are bychoosing what they can do without.NOTE: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN FOURTEENI. Translation (22)82.这件物品的价值远高于我付的价钱。
上海市延安中学2017-2018学年高三上学期周测(十)英语试题-十一选十 Word版含答案
2017-2018学年上海市延安中学英语试卷Section B (10)Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is one extra which you do not need.(F=BC，G=ABC，H=AB，I=AD，J=BD，K=ABD)In 2003, the Gates Foundation launched a project called Grand Challenges Global Health. What I like about it is the way the Gates Foundation approached solving thi s problem. They didn’t say, "We, the rich Western foundation, will now ___41___ and then ___42___instructions and write some checks. They said, “Let’s cooperate horizontally on defining both the problem and the solutions ---- let's create value that way ---- and then [the foundation] will ___43___ our money in the solutions we both define.” So the Gates Foundation placed ads on the Web and in more ___44____ channels across both the developed and the developing worlds, asking scientists to respond to one big question: What .are the biggest problems that, if science attended to them and solved them, could most dramatically change the fate of the several billion people trapped in the evil cycle of high ___45___ death rate, low life expectancy, and disease? The foundation got about eight thousand pages of ideas from hundreds of scientists from around the world, including Nobel Prize winners. It then collected through them and cut them down to a list of fourteen Grand Challenge ---- challenge where a technological innovation could remove a ___46___ barrier to the solving of an important health problem in the developing world.In the fall of 2003, these fourteen Grand Challenges worldwide. They include the following: How to create effective single-dose (单剂量) vaccines (疫苗) that can be used soon after birth, how to prepare vaccines that do not require refrigeration, how to develop needle-free deliver systems for vaccines, how to better understand which immunological(免疫系统的) responses ___47___ protective immunity, how to better control insects that carry agents of disease, how to develop a ___48___ or chemical strategy to disable an infectious insect population, how to create a full range of the most favorable bioavailable nutrients in a single staple plant species, and how tocreate immunological methods that can ___49___ chronic (慢性的) infections. Within a year, the foundation received sixteen proposals for ways to meet these ___50___ from scientists in seventy-five countries, and the foundation is now in the process of funding the best proposals with $250 million in cash.Keys: IGCKH DBEFA。
上海市延安中学2017届高三第三次模拟英语试题(附答案)$789348
上海市延安中学2017届高三第三次模拟英语试题II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Carly Lindmeier sits on the patio (露台) of her father's house in Orange County, California. The 20-year-old is finishing up wooden monograms (字母图案) ____21____ (send) to her customers.At first glance, you wouldn't think that Lindmeier has a life-threatening disease. Like many young people in California, she loves hanging out at the beach and watching TV shows. She attends college and plans to become a speech pathologist (病理学家).But after spending some time with Lindmeier, you notice that her voice sounds rough. She was born with cystic fibrosis, a disease that damages the lungs and the digestive system."Imagine ____22____ (have) to breathe through a straw," Lindmeier said. "That's ____23____ it feels like to have cystic fibrosis."While the present might be ____24____ (exciting) time in her life, it could also be frightening.For cystic fibrosis victims, death in childhood or early adulthood is common, with an average life expectancy of 37."When I turned 20, it was kind of tough to realize that I was already middle-aged," Lindmeier said. "Five years from now, it'll probably be worse."____25____ ____25____ ____25____ her illness, Lindmeier stays positive. Looking for a way to raise awareness about this disease, Lindmerier came up with the idea of selling a variety of decorated, wooden monograms, each ____26____ (dedicate) to a fallen cystic fibrosis patient. She named it 65Wooden Roses.Each monogram is hand-made and starts at $24.99 (158 yuan), with 20 percent of income going to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation in the US. Launched in July, her business ____27____ (bring) attention to the disease all over the US already.Meanwhile, Lindmeier has a positive outlook on her own illness. In July a new treatment, Orkambi, was released, making ____28____ possible to keep the disease under control. It ____29____ help patients to live decades longer.____30____ Lindmeier has to pay $6,000 every year for the expensive drug, she plans to start taking it. For her, it’s a small price to pay for an improved quality of life and she is determined not to let cystic fibrosis hold her back."I could just be sad that I have cystic fibrosis, or I could do something to make my life worth living and be happy," she said. "Happiness really is a choice. I choose to be happy."Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.More than 110 years ago, between March and September 1905, the mailbox of the German scientific journal Annals der Physik received a series of papers that would forever change the laws of physics.The author was a young man aged 26, Albert Einstein who was working as a clerk at a __31__ office in Switzerland. His career as a physicist was __32__ after his doctoral thesis was turned down. Einstein had to satisfy his scientific passion only in his spare time. Within a few months, however, he wrote four groundbreaking papers.The first paper described his particle theory of light. All physicists in 1905 knew what light was. Whether from the sun or bulb, light was known to be a __33__ wave — just like sound. In the face of this __34__ held knowledge, Einstein proposed that light was not a wave. Instead, it was composed of "a number of energy quanta." This concept that physical systems can behave both as waves (energy) and as particles (matter) would be the seed of one of the two pillars of modern physics: quantum mechanics. Sixteen years later, this theory took Einstein to the peak of science: the Nobel Prize for Physics.The second paper did not revolutionize the principles of physics. Nor did it earn Einstein another Nobel Prize. However, while proving the __35__ of atoms and molecules in the paper, the great scientist opened a new field in the study of physics: statistical physics.The next paper was perhaps the most groundbreaking. It presented Einstein's well-known theory of special relativity, __36__ with even common people nowadays. Einstein wrote in this paper that except for the constant speed of light, everything is __37__ , including time, distance and mass.On November 21, Einstein's last paper that year was published/In the paper, the scientist __38__ the __39__ between energy and matter with the most famous equation in history: E=mc2. (E stands for energy, m mass, and c the speed of light)Einstein's four papers that year have __40__ changed our conception of reality: of light, of matter, of time and of space. There is no wonder that scientists later call 1905 Einstein's annus mirabilis — his year of miracles.III. Reading ComprehensionDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American Jaw, if someone __41__ a crime, he or she is considered __42__ until the court proves that the person is guilty. __43__ it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the __44__ of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.In order to arrest a person, the police __45__ be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to "book" him. "Booking" means that the name of the person and the charges against him are __46__ listed at the police station.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or __47__. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away — for example, because he owns a house and has a family — he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must __48__ bail (保释金). At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he can't afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district lawyer's office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a(n) __49__. The attorney may present __50__ as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trail. If the judge decides that there is __51__ evidence to __52__ a trail, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally admit guilty or not guilty.At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both lawyers and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent, he goes free. __53__, if he is convicted, the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for __54__. At this time, the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place him on probation (缓刑).The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These __55__ rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.41.A. is guilty of B. is responsible for C. is accused of D. is ashamed of42.A. unpleasant B. inexperienced C. paralleled D. innocent43.A. On the contrary B. As a result C. In addition D. In other words44.A. responsibility B. conviction C. humanity D. initiative45.A. are obliged to B. might as well C. are entitled to D. are qualified to46.A. reasonably B. formally C. readily D. occasionally47.A. locked up B. set free C. concerned about D. cared for48.A. put up B. put forward C. put on D. put through49.A. process B. decision C. opportunity D. Hearing50.A. victims B. claims C. evidence D. information51.A. sufficient B. fantastic C. demanding D. economic52.A. call on B. call at C. call up D. call for53.A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Consequently54.A. booking B. sentencing C. punishing D. releasing55.A. common B. substantial C. individual D. PopularSection B(A)The food world has gone mash-up (混合) crazy.A new food combination that puts a hot dog and a hamburger together launched in July and has become a hit in Australia.The "hamdog" - a hamburger with a hot dog sausage in it - comes in a bun made in a special way. It holds an uncut hot dog in the middle and has a sliced burger on either side of it. The new invention also features lettuce, tomato, pickles (咸菜), cheese and a variety of sauces, The mash-ups started when the "cronut" took 2013 by storm. New York baker Dominique Ansel mixed two pastries^- a French croissant and an American doughnut- together into a big, greasy treat.From there, hybrid foods, containing the best of both worlds, went wild. With a combination of flavors and textures, they created things that some said were better than the original. There was the "mega burger pizza" - thick burger patties sandwiched between two big pizzas, first made in Japan. And then there was the waffle taco, which uses waffles as taco shells for scrambled eggs, sausage, chicken with gravy and fruit with whipped (搅拌的) cream. A US restaurant called Quality Italian cut a wide, very thin slice of chicken, decorated it with cheese and tomato and called it a chicken pizza. When the craze came to the UK, a British cake called a tart (果馅饼) was mixed with the American chocolate brownie cake, resulting in the "townie".For some, the queues of people who want to buy the hybrid foods are even harder to understand than the foods themselves. Last year, CNN reported that a group of people in San Francisco in the US started lining up outside Mr. Holmes Bakehouse at 7 am, even at weekends, to get their hands on the latest foodie discovery - the "cruffin". It is a cross between a croissant and a muffin.The only rule for dishes these days "is that there are no rules", the USA Todays newspaper commented. "This anything-goes mentality sees chefs ranging from small-town types to some of the biggest names in the industry satisfying their inner mad scientist by serving the craziest dishes imaginable."Indeed, hybrid food fits the spirit of the times: Today, eaters are a little bit of everything all at once. Maybe it's time to make up your own combo dish. How about "broodles" - bread rolled into noodles and dipped in jam and butter? Better yet, maybe you could just rename a classic. What about Shanghai soup dumplings? You could call them "souplings"!56. What was the author's main purpose in writing this article?A. To describe the best-known hybrid foods.B. To inform readers of the trend of hybrid foods.C. To explain the basic rules for hybrid foods.D. To present different opinions of hybrid foods.57. What can be concluded from the article?A. In general, hybrid foods are healthier than other foods.B. Hybrid foods started in the UK and then gradually spread to the US.C. Without rules to follow, hybrid foods challenge chefs' creativity and imagination.D. Hybrid foods are popular because they are easy to make and taste better than the original foods.58. How is the article mainly developed?A. By giving examples.B. By making comparisons.C. By analyzing causes and effects.D. By describing the events in the order in which they happened.59. What is the author's attitude to ward the rise of hybrid foods?A. Objective.B. Bored.C. Positive. .D. Worried.(B)Hi Frank and Family,Thank you for your enquiry regarding a private multi-day tour of New Zealand.With New Zealand's scenery being very appealing to our overseas visitors (and more especially so the South Island), there are touring options that we would recommend that will make the most of your precious time and also include the locations that you mentioned in your email.Areas of operation - Call Jeeves Tours is a private-hire touring company that operates nationally, and with pick-up from locations such as our international airports and city accommodation throughout both the North and South Islands.We accept both Visa and MasterCard credit cards, no surcharge transaction fees applicable. The securing of an engagement, requires a 50% deposit at time of booking. Balance payable on completion of engagement.Please find below a recommended itinerary for your family's touring of New Zealand's North and South Island.The North Island Regions - The Waikato, The Central Region and RotoruaDay 0. Thursday 20/July/2017 - Arrive Auckland from Shanghai ETA 2335 hours.Day 1. Friday 21/July2017 - Pick up at 9am to drive south into the Waikato. Guided tour through the Glow Worm Cave, after which visit Otorohanga. After lunch continue across beautiful country-side to the Lake-land city of Rotorua.Overnight Rotorua.Day 2. Saturday 22/July/2017 - Pick at 9am to visit the Agrodome Sheep Show, and Lake Tarawera. For the evening, we recommend an evening with an Authentic Tradition Maori Experience Cultural Performance. .2nd Overnight Rotorua.Day 3. Sunday 23/July/2017 - Pick up at 9am to visit Te Puia Maori Cultural Centre and geo-thermal valley with mud pools or alternatively a Hobbiton village visit.3rd Overnight Rotorua.Day 4. Monday 24/July/2017 - Depart Rotorua for the trip back to Auckland Airport (approx.. 3 hours travel) to connect with your flight to Christchurch around mid-day (Suggested alternative to that of flying from Auckland.The South Island Regions - West Coast National Parks, Franz Josef and Fox Glaciers. Wanaka, Queenstown, Dunedin, Mt.Cook, Lake Tekapo and Christchurch city.Day 4. Monday 24/July/2017 (continued) - After being meet by your Call Jeeves driver/guide at Christchurch Airport. Depart Christchurch for the West Coast region of the South Island. Overnight Franz Josef.Day 5. Tuesday 25/July/2017 - Travel to Lake Wanaka and on route take in the views of the Franz Josef and or Fox Glacier. Take an easy walk to the reflective waters of Lake Matheson, while on route stops for photos at the large fresh water lakes of Wanaka and Hawea. Experience the tranquil township of Wanaka with is views of the Mount Aspiring National Park before departing for Queenstown.Overnight Queenstown.Day 6. Wednesday 26/July/2017 - Spend the day touring to the many highlights of the Queenstown region, following the lake shoreline to the small head of the lake settlement of Glenorchy.2nd Overnight Queenstown.Day 7. Thursday 27/July/2017 - Depart Queenstown travelling the scenic Kawarau River Gorge, the township of Cromwell and Alexandra into the central Otago region and on to the city of Dunedin.Overnight Dunedin.Day 8. Friday 28/July/2017 - Depart Dunedin visiting the famous Moeraki Boulders on route to the historic town coastal of Oamaru and its restored historic industrial wharf precinct area. Overnight Oamaru.Day 9. Saturday 29/July/2017- Depart Oamaru, travelling into the Mackenzie country and Mt Cook regions by way of Waitaki Valley with its extensive hydro-electric power generation scheme, before travelling on to Lake Tekapo and the opportunity to experience the region's spectacular 'Night Sky' display.Overnight Lake Tekapo.Day 10. Sunday 30/July/2017 - Depart Lake Tekapo for Christchurch by way of the rural farming townships of Fairlie and Geraldine.Overnight Christchurch.Cost: 4 Persons - Private travel/touring by luxury mini-coach with experienced driver/guide. NZ$9400.00The above cost is based on you all returning to Auckland to fly to Christchurch. An alternative option would be for our North Island touring services to finish at end of day Sunday 23/July/2017, and for to you all to fly from Rotorua to Christchurch. To fly from Rotorua would result in a reduction of touring costs of around $500.00The vehicle would most likely be one of our small luxury mini-coach with a capacity of six passengers +. driver/guide. However, should the South Island weather be such that a 4 WD is required, it would be one of our five passenger + driver/guide 4 WD vehicles. All have sufficientluggage space and the costs are the same per vehicle, irrespective of number of seats or number of passengers travelling.Trusting the above is of assistance and look forward to your reply.Regards,Warwick from Jeeves Tours60. Which of the following statements is Not true according to the email?A. The South Island appeals to more visitors than the North Island.B. Jeeves Tours cannot arrange for the motels for travelers.C. You have to pay half the money when you decide on a trip.D. Rotorua is located in the North of New Zealand.61. What is the correct order of visit for Frank and his family?A. Waikato-Auckland Airport-Lake Wanaka-DunedinB. Auckland Airport-Lake Tarawera-Lake Tekapo-Maori Cultural CentreC. OtOrohanga-Queenstown-LakeWanaka-OamaruD. R-Lake Wanaka-Dunedin-Glenorchy62. Frank's family all together has two adults and two children. They have decided to sign upfor a private multi-day tour of New Zealand in Jeeves Tours. How much do they need topay per person?A. NZ$9400B. NZ$1566C. NZ$2350D. NZ$1880(C)The digital onslaught of e-books and Amazon-style e-trailers has put bookstores in an existential situation. Digital books are expected to outsell print titles by 2015 in Britain, says Sam Hancock, digital product manager at HarperCollins, and even sooner in America. With the demise of HMV, that music-peddling stalwart, still fresh in everyone's minds, bricks-and -mortar bookstores appear to be on borrowed time. So, what is the future of the bookstore?This was the burning questions on everyone's lips at a recent event at Foyles's flagship bookshop on Charing Cross Road in London, where some of Britain's leading literary agents, authors, marketing managers and booksellers gathered to discuss its fate ahead of the bookseller's move from its current big, old building to the former home of Central Saint Martin's ,art school just up the road.For a bookstore to remain successful, it must improve "the experience of buying books," saysAlex Lifschutz, an architect whose London-based practice is designing the new Foyles. He suggests an array of approaches: "small, quiet spaces cocooned with books; larger spaces where one can dwell and read; other larger but still intimate spaces where one can hear talks from authors about books, literature, science, travel and cookery." The atmosphere is vital, he adds. Exteriors must buzz with activity, entrances must be full of eye-catching presentations and a bar and cafe is essential.The trend for not only incorporating cafes in bookstores but also placing them on the top floor makes good sense. The new Foyles will have one, Mr. Lifschutz explains, because this draws shoppers upwards floor-by-floor, which is bound to encourage people to linger longer and spend more.There are plenty of ways to delight the bookstore customer, but few are easily changed into money. The consensus is that bookstores need to become cultural destinations where people are prepared to pay good money to hear a concert, see a film or attend a talk. The programming will have to be intelligent and the space comfortable. Given how common it is for shoppers to browse in shops only to buy online later, some wonder whether it makes sense to charge people for the privilege. Victoria Barnsley, head of HarperCollins, thinks it might be a good idea. She cited similar experiments among clothing retailers to charge customers for trying on merchandise.But forcing people to pay for the privilege of potentially paying for goods could discourage shoppers altogether. A more attractive idea might be a membership scheme like those offered by museums and Other cultural venues. Unlike reward cards, which offer discounts and other nominal benefits, a club membership could provide priority access to events (talks, literaryworkshops, retreats) and a private lounge where members can eat, drink and meet authors before events. Different memberships could tailor to the needs of children and students.To survive and thrive, bookstores should celebrate the book in all its forms: rare, second-hand, digital, self-printed and so on. Digital and hybrid readers should have the option of buying e-books in-store, and budding authors should have access to self-printing book machines. The latter have been slower to take off in Britain, but in America bookstores are finding them to be an important source of revenue. "The quality is now, almost identical to that of a book printed by a major publishing house," says Bradley Graham, owner of a leading independent bookstore in Washington, DC, called Politics&Prose. His shop leases an Espresso Book Machine and makes it available to customers.The bookstore of the future will have to work hard. Service will be knowledgeable and personalized, the inventory expertly selected, spaces well-designed and the cultural events enticing. Whether bookstores, especially small independents are up to the challenge, is not clear. The fate of these stores is a cliffhanger.63. What will be the future of bookstores?A. Bright.B. Unclear.C. Helpless.D. Promising.64. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a strategy to help a bookstore to be successful?A. Attractive presentations around the entrance.B. Suitable spacing arrangements.C. Luxurious decorations.D. A bar and cafe.65. Which of the following might be a better idea to attract shoppers?A. Charges on privileges.B. Club memberships.C. Periodic discounts.D. Reward cards.66. To survive, bookstores should _________.A. find ways to attract children and studentsB. offer more second-hand booksC. lower the price of booksD. provide books in different formsSection CDirections: Read the following passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Most people say “I’m sorry” many times a day for a host of trivial affronts —accidentally bumping into someone or failing to hold open a door. These apologies are easy and usually readily accepted, often with a response like, “No problem.” However, when “I’m sorry” are the words needed to right truly hurtful words, acts or inaction, they can be the hardest ones to say. ________67________._______68_________. After learning that a neighbor who had assaulted me verbally was angry about an oversight I was not aware I had committed, I wrote a letter in the hope of ending the hostility. Without offering any excuses, I apologized for my overnight in etiquette and respect. I said I was not asking for or expecting forgiveness. Then I delivered the letter with a jar of my homemade jam. Expecting nothing in return, I was greatly relieved when my doorbell rang and the neighbor thanked me warmly for what I had said and done.According to psycholo gist Harriet Lerner, apologies followed by rationalizations are “never satisfying” and can even be harmful. When “but” is tagged onto an apology, it’s an excuse that counters the sincerity of the original message. ________69__________,” she wrote in her ne w book Why Won’t You Apologize?Nor should a request for forgiveness be part of an apology. The offended party may accept a sincere apology but still be unready to forgive the mistake. Forgiveness, should it come, may depend on a demonstration going forward that offense will not be repeated._________70_________. History can be used as an explanation, not an excuse. It should involve a conversation that allows the hurt party to express anger and pain if an apology, however sincere, is to heal a broken conne ction,” Lerner said.“I’m sorry” are the two most healing words in the English language. Knowing how to say “I’m sorry” is an ability to take a clear look at how our behavior affects others and to assume responsibility for acting at another person’s expens e.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.I used to joke that I spoke French like a 3-year-old. Until I met a French 3-year-old and couldn’t keep the conversation. This was after a year of intense study, including at least two hours a day with self-instruction software and weekend classes, followed by two weeks of an immersion program at one of the top language schools in France.My failure was in fact quite unremarkable. Despite advertising claims, learning a foreign language is a challenging task for any adult. In the end, though, it turns out that spending a year “not learning” French may have been the best t hings I could have done for my 57-year-old brain.In the last few years. I was unable to hold a list of four grocery items in my mind. So to reassure myself that nothing was wrong, I took a cognitive assessment just before tackling French. The result was anything but reassuring: I scored below average for my age group in nearly all of the categories, especially on the composite memory test and the visual memory test.After a year of struggling with the language, I retook cognitive assessment, and the results shocked me. My scores had improved, placing me above average in 7 of 10 categories, and average in the other three. Studying a language had been like drinking from a mental fountain of youth.What might explain such an improvement? Researchers at the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Northwestern University noted that the cognitive tasks involved in language study—like working memory, inductive reasoning, sound discrimination and task switching —map closely related to the areas of the brain that are most associated with declines due to aging.If my experience is any indication, you might be better off by studying a language. Not only is that a far more useful and enjoyable activity than an abstract brain game, but as a reward for your efforts, you can treat yourself to a trip abroad. That’s why I plan to spend the next year “not learning” Italian.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.已经有越来越多的人求助于瑜伽（yoga）来缓解生活中的压力。
上海市延安中学2017届高三上学期周测(十)英语试题-十一选十 Word版含答案
Section B (10)Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is one extra which you do not need.(F=BC，G=ABC，H=AB，I=AD，J=BD，K=ABD)In 2003, the Gates Foundation launched a project called Grand Challenges Global Health. What I like about it is the way the Gates Foundation approached solving this problem. They didn’t say, "We, the rich Western foundation, will now ___41___ and then ___42___instructions and write some checks. They said, “Let’s cooperate horizontally on defining both the problem and the solutions ---- let's create value that way ---- and then [the foundation] will ___43___ our money in the solutions we both define.” So the Gates Foundation placed ads on the Web and in more ___44____ channels across both the developed and the developing worlds, asking scientists to respond to one big question: What .are the biggest problems that, if science attended to them and solved them, could most dramatically change the fate of the several billion people trapped in the evil cycle of high ___45___ death rate, low life expectancy, and disease? The foundation got about eight thousand pages of ideas from hundreds of scientists from around the world, including Nobel Prize winners. It then collected through them and cut them down to a list of fourteen Grand Challenge ---- challenge where a technological innovation could remove a ___46___ barrier to the solving of an important health problem in the developing world.In the fall of 2003, these fourteen Grand Challenges worldwide. They include the following: How to create effective single-dose (单剂量) vaccines (疫苗) that can be used soon after birth, how to prepare vaccines that do not require refrigeration, how to develop needle-free deliver systems for vaccines, how to better understand which immunological(免疫系统的) responses ___47___ protective immunity, how to better control insects that carry agents of disease, how to develop a ___48___ or chemical strategy to disable an infectious insect population, how to create a full range of the most favorable bioavailable nutrients in a single staple plant species, and how to create immunological methods that can ___49___ chronic (慢性的) infections. Within a year, thefoundation received sixteen proposals for ways to meet these ___50___ from scientists in seventy-five countries, and the foundation is now in the process of funding the best proposals with $250 million in cash.Keys: IGCKH DBEFA。
上海市延安中学2017-2018学年高三上学期周测(六)英语试题 Word版含答案
延安中学2017-2018学年周测（六）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)One night I decided to spend some time building a happier and closer relationship with my daughter. As she ___25___ (ask) me to play chess with her, I suggested a game and she eagerly accepted. It was a school night, however, and at nine o’clock my daughter asked if I ___26___ hurry my moves, because she needed to go to bed; she had to get up at six in the morning. I knew she had strict sleeping habits, ___27___ I thought she ought to be able to give up some of this strictness. I said to her, “What fun it is! Why not stay up late for once.” We played on for ___28___ fifteen minutes, during which time she looked anxious. Finally she sai d, “Please, Daddy, do it quickly.” “No,” I replied, “___29___ you want to play it well, you’re going to play it slowly.” And so we continued until suddenly my daughter burst into tears, and admitted ___30___(beat).Clearly, I had made a mistake. I had started the evening wanting to have a happy time with my daughter but had allowed my intention to win to become more important than my relationship with my daughter. When I was a child, my desire ___31___ (win) served me well. As a parent, I realized that it got in my way. So I had to change.(B)While income worry is rather a common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face. Of all the reasons ___32___explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one. This phenomenon is commonly known as “Empty Nest Syndrome” (空巢综合征)In order to seek ___33___ (good) chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad, ___34___ (leave) their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home. Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights taking care of themselves, in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. The fact ___35___ most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they hold as tightly to the value of duty. ___36___ they would have if they had not left their countries. Whatever the case, it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily matched ___37___they actually do. This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from providing timely response ___38___ the needs of their aged parents.The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents ___39___(describe) as “distant parent phenomenon”, ___40___ his common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our society has not yet been well prepared for “Empty Nest Syndrome”.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.(F=BC, G=ABC, H=AB, I=AD, J=BD)A.scoredB. miracleC. leavingD. cuttingE. fullF. lowerG. functionH. developI. consumeJ. modestFor years, doctors have been recommending patients to skip the beef and order the salmon (三文鱼) now and then. Yet Americans still ___41___ seven times as much as red meat as fish. Only about one in five eats the recommended two servings of seafood per week.Why can’t we follow doctor’s recommendations more often? By now，you’ve heard that seafood offers many health benefits, but you’ve also heard that some fish containhigh levels of toxins (毒素), ___42___ you to wonder if all the white meat at the grocer’s seafoo d counter is truly risk free. So what is fish- ___43___ food or health threat?If you eat a ___44___amount of fish, you dramatically decrease your risk of dying from a heart attack. Findings from 30 large studies conducted around the world show that people who have fish twice a week ___45___ their risk of a fatal heart attack by an average of 36 per cent.But it’s not just your heart that benefits when you eat seafood. Your brain does, too. Fish lovers suffer fewer stroke, ___46___ their risk by 40 per cent in some studies. And more evidence suggests that omega-3 fatty acids help the brain with its normal, day-to-day ___47___. A 2007 study of nearly 12,000 pregnant women found that children born to mothers who ate more than 12 ounces of seafood per week during pregnancy ___48___ six points higher on tests of IQ than kids born to mothers who had other foods on the menu. As for adults, a recent Swedish study found that young men who ate fish more than once a week ranked much higher on IQ tests than males who rarely ate seafood. And in later years, fish-eaters appear to be less likely to ___49___ dementia (痴呆).And more advantages may be reported in years to come. Scientists are studying whether fish helps prevent or treat other disorders.Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked with A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are, who they are not, and who they would like to be. They tell us a good deal about the wearer’s ___50___, personality, status, mood, and social outlook.___51___clothes are such an important source of social information, we can usethem to manipula te people’s ___52___ of us. Our appearance assumes particular significance in the initial phases of interaction that is likely to occur. An elderly middle class man or woman may be ___53___ by a young adult who is dressed in an unconventional manner, ___54___ the person’s education, background, or interests.People tend to agree on what certain types of clothes mean. Adolescent girls can easily agree on the ___55___ of girls who wear certain outfits (套装), including the number of boyfriends they likely have had and whether they smoke or drink. Newscasters, or the announcers who read the news on TV, are considered to be more ___56___, honest, and competent when they are dressed conservatively. And collage students who view themselves as taking an active role in their inter-personal relationships say they are concerned about the costumes they ___57___ wear to play these roles successfully. Moreover, many of us can relate instances___58___ the clothing we wore changed the way we felt about ourselves and how we acted. Perhaps you have used clothing to gain ___59___ when you anticipated a stressful situation, such as a job interview, or a court appearance.In the workplace, men have long had well defined precedents and role models for achieving success. It has been ___60___ for women. A good many women in the business world are ___61___ about the appropriate mixture of “masculine” and “feminine” attributes they should convey by their professional clothing. The variety of clothing ___62___ to women has also been greater than that available for men. Male administrators tend to judge women more ___63___ for managerial positions when the women display less “feminine” grooming (打扮) -shorter hair, moderate use of makeup, and plain tailored clothing. As one male administrato r confessed, “An attractive woman is definitely going to get a longer___64___, but she won’t get a job.”50.A. purpose B. taste C. background D. view51.A. While B. Since C. Until D. If52.A. impression B. decision C. intention D.information53.A. replaced B. influenced C. loved D. distanced54.A. due to B. regardless of C. apart from D. as a resultof55.A. families B. lifestyles C. marriage D.origin56.A. good-looking B. hard-working C. convincing D.challenging57.A. must B. may C. can D.might58.A. as B. that C. where D. what59.A. sympathy B. confidence C. time D.success60.A. moreover B. less C. just D.otherwise61.A. sure B. uncertain C. shy D.particular62.A. prices B. choices C. colors D. materials63.A. favorably B. formally C. patiently D.carefully64.A. praise B. application C. training D.interviewSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Chose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen rain in almost a month. The crops were dying. Cows had stopped giving milk. If we didn’t see some rain soon we would lose everything.I was in the kitchen making lunch for my husband and his brothers when I saw my six-year-old son, Billy, walking toward the woods. He was obviously walking with a great effort. Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, toward the house.Moments later, however, he was once again walking toward the woods. This activity went on for over an hour: walking cautiously to the woods, then running back to the house. Finally, my curiosity got the best of me. I went out of the house and followed him on his journey.He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked; being very careful not to spill the water he held in them. Branches and thorns (荆棘) slapped his little face but he did not try to avoid them. As I leaned in to spy on him, I saw the most amazing site.Several large deer appeared threatening in front of him. But Billy walked right up to them. I almost screamed for him to get away. And I saw a baby deer lying on the ground, obviously suffering from heavy loss of water, lift its head with great effort to drink the water cupped in my beautiful boy's hand.I stood on the edge of the woods watching the most beautiful heart working so hard to save a life. As my tears began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops... and more drops... and more. I looked up at the sky. It was as if God, Himself, was weeping with pride.65. Why did the author follow her son?A．Because there might be danger.B．Because her son was doing a good deed.C．Because she was curious.D．Because she intended to help.66. Which of the following statements is Not True according to the passage? A．Rain was in great need.B．There were few trees in the woods.C．Billy carried water with his small hands.D．Billy walked into the woods and then returned over and over again.67. What Billy did mainly showed that he was ________.A．caring B．beautiful C．childlike D．brave68. Which is the correct order of the development of the story?① The author was moved to tears.② Billy fed the water to the baby deer.③ Billy walked towards the large deer.④ It began to rain.⑤ The author followed Billy into the woods.A．③②⑤①④B．④①③②⑤C．⑤③②①④D．⑤②①③④(B)When Spaceship One took off from the Mojave Desert in southern California in an attempt to win the $ 10 million X prize, the high-tech rocket ship used to the most frceit line the safety regulations. The first mannual spacecraft built and launched by a private company represents the dawn of a new age in space flight.Stimulated by the prospect of wealth for the first companies able to offer rockets to the public, more than 25 teams are competing fiercely to develop commercially possible spaceship.At the same time, federal regulators are anxiously engaged in writing rules that will protect the public, the pilots and the passengers who may pay over $150,000 for a trip to the edge of space. “it’s like the early days of aviation(航空),” says aviation historian Dennis parks.” The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) doesn’t know how to regulate these things. There were no safety rules in the 1920s, when barratormors (飞行表演者) toured rural America, delighting crowds with wonderful performances in the air and offering inexpensive rides. They also crashed frequently, sometimes killing viewers or passengers. The government introduced safety requiments that avoided the risk-taking acts, but didn’t inhibit the growth of passengers airlines.“Today’s space race isn’t as wide-open as that time, but the FAA and Congress rae still trying to decide how to write rules for priviate rockets operators thatwill that some balance.” Said ken.Wong, who is leading the FAA’s task force on commercial space-flight.Mang involved in yhe race fear heavy-handed government rudes will become an obstacle to the new-born enterprises. Others fppor see disasters if regulation ignore safety concern.“If you over-regulate, y ou could basically kill the industry.” Wong said, but at the same time, our primary responsibility is to ensure public safety.”1. By saying the dawn of a new age in space-flight, the author refers to ____.A. a new space technologyB. a new experience from space fightC. new safety rulesD. a new commercial business2. which is following is not ture according to the passage?A. The viewers found the early fights less enjoyable.B. Viewers could find an inexpensive ride in the plane.C. Safety requirements were introduced to protect lives.D. Early flight shows in America were dangerous but cheap.3. The passage is mainly concerned with____.A. The fierce competition of space flight.B. The obstacles to the space-flight development.C. The issue of safety in private space-flight.D. The measures taken to simulate new business.(C)We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours' sleep alternating(交替) with some 16-17 hours' wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.The question is no mere academic one. The ease, for example, with which peoplecan change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed （颠倒的） routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts(轮班) are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence (发生率) of disturbed sleep and other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these phenomena among those on permanent night work.This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the pressure of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapted is by measuring his body temperature. People occupied in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only gradually go back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly in terms of performance. Therefore, by taking body temperature at two-hour intervals(间隔时间) throughout the period of wakefulness, it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection. So far, however, such a form of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice.1.The main problem of the round-the-clock working system lies in .A. the inconveniences brought about to the workers by the introduction of automationB. the disturbance of the daily life cycle of workers who have to change shiftstoo frequentlyC. the fact that people working at night are often less effectiveD. the fact that it is difficult to find a number of good night workers2.The best solution for implementing the 24-hour working system seems to be .A. to change shifts at longer intervals.B. to have longer shiftsC. to arrange for some people to work on night shifts onlyD. to create better living conditions for night workers3. It is possible to find out if a person has adapted to the changes of routineby measuring his body temperature because .A. body temperature is higher when the cycle of sleep and wakefulness alternatesB. body temperature changes when he changes to night shift or backC. the temperature reverses when the routine is changedD. people have higher temperatures when they are working efficiently4.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A. Body temperature may serve as an indication of a worker's performance.B. The selection of a number of permanent night shift workers has proved to bethe best solution to problems of the round-the- clock working system.C. Taking body temperature at regular intervals can show how a person adapts to the changes of routine.D. Disturbed sleep occurs less frequently among those on permanent night or day shifts.Everyone knows that fish is good for health. __80__ But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. __81__ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.__82__ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. __83__ When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. __84__ First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料).Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then, it’s ready to serve.Summary :Directions: Summarize the main idea of the following passage in no more than 60 words.Have you had a headache during a test? Have you ever been so worried about something th at you have a headache or even can’t sleep at night? If so, then you know what stress is. Stress is what you feel when you are worried about something. This worry in your mind can make your body feel bad. You may feel angry, sad, scared, or afraid——all of which can give you a stomachache or a headache. However, there are different kinds of stress. Some kinds of stress are good and others are bad. Good stress might happen when you’re called to answer questions in class or when you have to give a speech. This kind of stress can help you to get things better done. Forexample, you may do a better job on your test if the stress pushes you to prepare better before the test. On the other hand, bad stress can happen if the stress lasts too long. You may not feel well if your parents are fighting, if a family member is sick, if you’re having problems at school, or if anything else makes you unhappy every day. That kind of stress isn’t going to help you. And it can actually make you sick. The best way to fight the stress is to have a balanced life. Make sure you keep your SELF in mind: Sleep, Exercise, Leisure（休闲）, and Food. If you get enough sleep and eat properly, and if you exercise and leave time for fun, you’ll probably feel less stressed.参考答案：KEYS: 25. asked 26. could 27. but 28. another 29. If 30. having been beaten/being beaten 31. to win 32. that 33. better 34. leaving 35. that 36. as 37. what 38. to 39. is described 40. which41-50：KEYS: ICBJF DGAH50-64Keys： CBADB BCACB DBBAD阅读理解(A) CBAC(B) DAC(C) BCBD80-84 GDFABWhen you are worried about something, you may feel stress which can made your body feel bad. However, there are both good and bad stress. Good stress can help you do things better, while bad stress results from lasting too long can make you sick. Having a balanced life can help you feel less stressed.。
2017-2018延安中学高三上英语期中考试
上海市延安中学2017 学年第一学期高三英语期中考试I. Listening Comprehension (25%)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.After days of destruction, Irma---the first Category 5 hurricane in Florida since 2004----has dissipated(消散). The _____21____(remove ) millions of Floridians have been allowed to returned home. However, the cleanup and rebuilding of the state after ______22______(deadly) hurricane in recent years will take weeks -------maybe even months.Irma, _______23___stretched 650 miles from the U.S. East Coast to the west, has struck at least nine states------flooding city streets, knocking over tress and destroying homes along the way. The Florida Keys （佛罗里达群岛）____24__ (cut) off form the mainland for days after Irma made landfall on the low-lying islands on September 10, _______25____ (bring ) 130- mile-per-hour winds and a storm surge of 10 feet.U.S President Donald Trump visited Florida last Thursday to view the damage. Search and rescue teams have been moving through the worst affected areas with emergency supplies of food and water. Florida’s Department of Transportation ____26____(work) to repair roads that were washed out. State officials have also been working to restore services and make ____27____safer for residents to return, but saying that this will take time.The devastating hurricane knocked out power for millions of Floridians. ____28__last Tuesday , electric power had been restored to 2.3 million residents, which was 40 percent of those affected across the state. However, some of the residents are going to face days without power since power companies said their customers on the state’s west coast _____29__ expect most power to be restored by September 15th , which was out of the question.The death toll from Irma has climbed to at least 31 across three states in the U.S. ________ _______30__the loss of power, this number might be increasing. After all , Florida is a state known for its hot weather. Without the relief of air conditioning , the heat poses a particular threat to Florida’s large population of elderly people, who are more susceptible to heat-related illnesses.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.You’ve got your fancy new suitcase and you’re ready to take it with you on your travels across the globe.You get to the airport, quickly moving through the crowds on the ___31_E___ pavement, rushing to check in. Then, your heart sinks when you realize your new suitcase has got a serious case of the wobbles (摇晃).Why does this happen?Scientists from the University Paris-Diderot in France ___32_A___ this matter and published their findings in the science ____33_I__ Proceedings of the Royal Society A. They also suggested some ____34_B__ to overcome this modern-day problem.To learn more about the issue, they put a suitcase on a treadmill (跑步机) and observed what happened.It was soon noted that the “wobble” was actually a result of repeated actions that caused the suitcase to sway from side to side. They discovered that if one of the wheels ____35_K__ an obstacle such as a small bump, itjumped into the air for just a moment and then banged back down to the ground. That second action caused the opposite wheel to lift off the ground and then to bang back down, causing the first to lift again and so on. This swaying increased as the luggage was pulled along.“The suitcase is a fun way to ____36_J__ the problem, but the study would be the same for any trolley (手推车) with two wheels or blades (桨叶),” Sylvain Courrech du Pont, lead author of the study, told BBC News. “So it will be the same for a caravan or maybe also for airplanes.”Instead of slowing down when we see a rocky part of the path, the scientists recommended doing the exact ____37D___ and speeding up. This is because going faster gives the wheels less time to rise and fall, preventing the case from swaying. They also said that reducing the angle (角度) of the suitcase by lowering its ___38_C___ to the ground would help keep it steady.“These findings could help researchers simulate and design better ___39H____ suitcases and other pulled trolleys, such as towed trailers,” Courrech du Pont added.With these masterminds (智者) working on ___40_F___ our suitcase problems, wobbly luggage may soon be a thing of history, leaving us to enjoy our travels.III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Transportation is the movement or conveying of persons and goods from one location to another. ____41____ human beings, from ancient times to the 21st century, sought to make their transport facilities more _____42___, they have always endeavored to move people and property with the least expenditure of time, effort and cost. Improved transportation had helped ___43_____ toward better living, the modern systems of manufacturing and commerce, and the complex, interdependent urban economy present in ____44____ of the world today.Primitive human beings supplemented their own carrying of goods and possessions by starting to ____45____ animals — training them to bear small loads and pull crude sleds. The invention of the wheel, probably in western Asia, was a great step forward in transport. As the wheel was perfected, crude carts and wagons began to ____46____ in the Tigris-Euphrates valley about 3500 BC, and later in Crete, Egypt, and China. Wheeled vehicles could not use the ____47____ paths and trails used by pack animals, and early roads were soon being built by the Assyrians and the Persians.The greatest improvements in transportation have appeared in the last two _____48___, a period during which the industrial Revolution has vastly changed the economic life of the entire world. Crude railways — horse-drawn wagons with wooden wheels and rails —had been used in English and European mines during the 17th century. Although it first appeared in England, the railroad had its most dramatic growth in the United States. By 1840 more than 4800 km of railroads were already operating in the eastern states, a figure 40 percent greater than the total railroad mileage of Europe. ____49____ ,Since World War I, the U.S. railroads have been in a decline, due partly to the rapid development of private automobiles, trucks, buses, pipelines, and airlines.The first new mode of transportation to ____50____ the railroad was the motor vehicle, which was made possible by the invention, in the 1860s and 70s, of the internal combustion engine. The automobile found its greatest popularity in the United States, where the first "horseless carriages" appeared in the 1890s. Two hundred million motor vehicles had been produced in the nation within 70 years of their first appearance. The automobile thus became in many ways as ____51____ to the 20th century ___ _____ the railroads had been to the 19th.During the same period intercity buses ___52_____ a large portion of commercial passenger travel, andtrucks began carrying a great deal of the nation's freight.Although the emphasis on fuel conservation waned in "the 1980s, _____53___ doubt that the issue will emerge again when oil scarcities loom, as they did in the 1970s. Future possibilities include automobiles with far greater fuel efficiency and improved mass-transit systems. Both will occur not only ____54____ oil-supply disruption, but also as an answer to increasing demands for cleaner air. Improvements in mass transit offer the most promise for the future. Amtrak's 1993 introduction of the Swedish high-speed "tilting train" should cut travel time between some East Coast cities ____55____ almost half, once tracks are entirely electrified.41. A. Although B. If C. As D. With42. A. convincing B. original C. noticeable D. efficient43. A. make tools B. make changes C. make progress D. make money44. A. much B. need C. explanation D. possession45. A. operate B. domesticate C. transport D. produce46. A. appear B. simplify C. shape D. embrace47. A. secure B. narrow C. rotten D. ridiculous48. A. periods B. years C. centuries D. anniversaries49. A. Therefore B. Namely C. However D. Instantly50. A. dispute B. challenge C. entitle D. modernize51. A. as good…as B. as long….as C. as well …as … D. as important …as52. A. took on B. took off C. took in D. took over53. A. each B. either C. few D. others54. A. in response to B. in respect to C. in addition to D. in reference to55. A. for B. by C. with D. inSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Time for an adventureAre you a bit bored with your nine-to-five routine? Have a look at our exciting range of holidays and decide what type of adventure you'd like.Activity holidaysOur activity holidays are for everyone who loves danger. We have a huge of water, snow and desert holidays. We'll take you scuba diving in the Red Sea of kayaking and white water rafting in Canada. If you prefer snow, you can try skiing or snowboarding in the Alps or even igloo-building. For those who like warm weather, we also have sand boarding(the desert version of skateboarding) or camel safaris.Polar expeditionsTake a cruise to the Antarctic or the Arctic; explore a land of white nature beauty or wonderful wildlife. Our experts will explain everything about the two poles as you watch penguins or whales in the Antarctic and polar bears in the Arctic. There's no greater adventure than traveling to the two ends of the earth.Culture journeysOur culture journeys will help you discover the secrets of distant places such as India, Thailand or Egypt. Explore their history by visiting temples, palaces and ancient ruins. You can also get to know how people live in themodern world by exploring markets, eating exotic foods and meeting local people.Trekking toursWe have hiking holidays to famous places, such as Machu Picchu or the Everest Base Camp Trek, as well as some nearer to home, for example in the highlands of Scotland. You don't need to be too sporty, just fairly fit. You'll have a great time enjoying nature with a group of new friends. Some of the holidays need camping, but we'll transport the tents for you!Wildlife holidaysWe organize small group tours to get closer to nature in Africa, Asia or South Africa. Go on safari in Africa and watch lions and giraffes. Meet the famous turtles of Galapagos Islands. Look for tigers in India, or take an elephant safari in Sri Lanka. We use local guides and stay in a range of accommodation, from tents to tree houses.56. What are you advised to do on cultural journeys?A. Follow a local guide.B. Take a notebook along.C. Explore local people’s lifestyles.D. Experience different accommodation.57. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Polar tours offer observations of polar bears in Antarctica and penguins in the North Pole respectivelyB. Machu Pieehu is well-known for its unique style of camping tent.C. A variety of water sports are available in activity holidays,D. Thailand is not an ideal place for those keen on culture in early times.58.On which holidays are you likely to go camping?A. Activity holidays and cultural journeys.B. Polar expeditions and trekking tours.C. Activity holidays and wildlife holidays.D. Trekking tours and wildlife holidays.( B )When you think of a typical American, whom do you picture? A pretty blond white American like Taylor Swift? Or a handsome black American like President Barack Obama or basketball star Kobe Bryant? In fact, there was a time when the average American looked like none of these people.Back in the year 1500, the average American was a brown-skinned hunter-gatherer who probably rode a horse and wore clothing made from animal skins. Today, these people－who usually identify themselves based on their individual tribes such as Iriquois, Apache and Navajo－are broadly referred to as “Native Americans”, “American Indians” or simply “Indians”.There’s a chance that you’ve never even heard of American Indians. That’s because there aren’t very many left. When the European settlement of North America began, there were fierce conflicts between the settlers from overseas and these native peoples. After the British government and military were expelled (赶走) in the Revolutionary War, conflicts with natives continued as the states were created that would later make up the US. In these conflicts, millions of natives were killed.In 1830, president Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act. This act required all Indians to migrate to the west of the Mississippi River to allow for the expansion of the US. American Indians were treated as a military “enemy” until 1924, when the few Indians still alive at that point were granted US citizenship. That was the first time that the US government formally recognized Indians as human beings.While the story of the American Indians has been a sad one, these peoples’ legacies (遗产) are still felt every day in the US. Many US geographical names come from Indian languages, such as Ohio, Topeka, Kansas, and the Potomac River. At the same time, there are numerous successful academics and other important US leaders who aredescended from Indians. And nowadays, more and more history classes in US public schools are educating students about how Indians suffered during the settlement of the US.Although what happened cannot be undone, we can learn at least one thing form the sad history of the Indians: if we want a better future, we must look carefully and honestly at the past.59. What is the article mainly about?A. The history of the settlement of the USB. What a typical American is like.C. The depressing story of American Indians.D. American Indians economic impact on the US.60. It can be inferred from the article that in the middle of the 19th century , American Indians __________.A. were expelled from the US by the British government.B. were regarded as opponents of armed forces in the USC. were finally granted US citizenshipD. were required to live along the Mississippi River61. What can we learn about American Indians from the article?A. There are few influential American Indians in US history.B. Some of their languages are still in use today.C. The majority of them lived in the states of Ohio and Kansas.D. American youths are becoming more informed of the suffering of the Indians.( C)You know Adam Smith for his "invisible hand," the mysterious force that steers the selfish economic decisions of individuals toward a result that leaves us all better off. It’s been a hugely influential idea, one that during the last few decades of the 20th century began to take on the trappings of a universal truth.Lately, though, the invisible hand has been getting slapped. The selfish economic decisions of home buyers, mortgage brokers, investment bankers and institutional investors over the past decade clearly did not leave us all better off. Did Smith have it wrong.No, Smith did not have it wrong. It’s just that some of his self-proclaimed disciples have given us a terribly incomplete picture of what he believed. The man himself used the phrase invisible hand only three times: once in the famous passage from The Wealth of Nations that everybody cites; once in his other big book, The Theory of Moral Sentiments; and once in a posthumously published history of astronomy (in which he was talking about "the invisible hand of Jupiter"--the god, not the planet). For Smith, the invisible hand was but one of an array of interesting social and economic forces worth thinking about.Why did the invisible, hand emerge as the one idea from Smith’s work that everybody remembers Mainly because it’s so simple and powerful. If the invisible hand of the market really can be relied on at all times and in all places to deliver the most prosperous and just society possible, then we’d be idiots not to get out of the way and let it work its magic. Plus, the supply-meets- demand straightforwardness of the invisible-hand metaphor lends itself to mathematical treatment, and math is the language in which economists communicate with one another.Hardly anything else in Smith’s work is nearly that simple or consistent. Consider The Theory of Moral Sentiments, his long-neglected other masterpiece, published 17 years before The Wealth of Nations, in 1759. I recently cracked open a new 250th-anniversary edition, complete with a lucid introduction by economist Amartya Sen, in hopes that it would make clearer how we ought to organize our economy.Fat chance. Most of the book is an account of how we decide whether behavior is good or not. In Smith’s telling, the most important factor is our sympathy for one another." "To restrain our selfish, and to indulge our benevolent affections, constitutes the perfection of human nature," he writes. But he goes on to say that "thecommands and laws of the Deity" (he seems to be referring to the Ten Commandments) are crucial guides to conduct too. Then, in what seems to be a strange detour from those earthly and divine parameters, he argues that the invisible hand ensures that the selfish and sometimes profligate spending habits of the rich tend to promote the public good.There are similar whiplash moments in The Wealth of Nations. The dominant theme running through the book is that self-interest and free, competitive markets can be powerful forces for prosperity and for good. But Smith also calls for regulation of interest rates and laws to protect workers from their employers. He argues that the corporation, the dominant form of economic organization in today’s world, is an abomination.The point here isn’t that Smith was right in every last one of his prescriptions and proscriptions. He was an 18th century Scottish scholar, not an all-knowing being. Many of his apparent self-contradictions are just that--contradictions that don’t make a lot of sense.But Smith was also onto something that many free-market fans who pledge allegiance to him miss. The world is a complicated place. Markets don’t exist free of societies and governments and regulators and customs and moral sentiments; they are entwined. Also, while markets often deliver wondrous results, an outcome is not by definition good simply because the market delivers it. Some other standards have to be engaged.Applying Smith’s teachings to the modern world, then, is a much more complex and doubtful endeavor than it’s usually made out to be. He certainly wouldn’t have been opposed to every government intervention in the market. On financial reform, it’s easy to imagine Smith supporting the creation of a Consumer Financial Protection Agency and crackdowns on giant financial institutions. He might have also favored the just-passed health care reform bill, at least the part that requires states to set up exchanges to ensure retail competition for health insurance. Then again, he might not have. Asking "What would Adam Smith say" is a lot easier than conclusively answering it. It is pretty clear, though, that he wouldn’t just shout, "Don’t interfere with the invisible hand!" and leave it at that.62. The author introduced the selfish economic decisions of home buyers, mortgage brokers, investment bankers and institutional investors over the past decade to illustrate that______.A. the invisible hand was a universal truthB. supply-meets-demand is the law of market economyC. economic decisions are always guided by selfish motivationsD. the invisible hand can sometimes lead to disastrous consequences63. The author tries to show that Adam Smith's ideas expressed in his books______.A. are all related to the study of the nature of market forceB. are consistent and systematic throughoutC. are sometimes apparently self-contradictoryD. are supportive of the corporation as the dominate economic organization.64. Which of the following best paraphrases the meaning of the short sentence “ Fat chance” in paragraph 6?A. There is almost no possibility of explaining the “ visible hand” theoryB. The possibilities are plentiful of the discussion of free market.C. There will be enough opportunities to introduce classical economyD. There is little discussion about how to organize our economy.65. The author tries to show that Adam Smith’s ideas expressed in his books_________.A. are all related to the study of the nature of market forcesB. are consistent and systematic throughoutC. are sometimes apparently self-contradictoryD. are supportive of the corporation as the dominant economic organization.66. Which of the following can serve as the conclusion of the passage?A. Adam Smith’s analysis of the invisible hand is still the guideline of today’s economy.B. Adam Smith’s self-declared supporters have misunderstood the expression of “the invisible hand.”C. Adam Smith used the metaphor of “ the invisible hand” to describe different kinds of social phenomena.D. Adam Smith’s self-contradictory assertions and discussions are understandable.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.After an hour and a half, Barack Obama and I both said what we wanted to say and talked about how to move forward. Later that night Barack emailed a proposed joint statement that would be released by his campaign confirming the meeting and our productive discussion” about what “needs to be done to succeed in November.” He also asked for a number to call Bill so that they could speak directly.The next day, June 6, Bill and I hosted my campaign staff in the backyard of our home in D.C. It was a boiling hot day. We all tried not to overheat as we thought of the unbelievable twists and turns of the primary season. Being surrounded by the dedicated tearn that has fought so hard for me was inspiring and humbling. Some were friends who had worked with us on campaigns going all the way back to Arkansas. For many of the younger people, this was their first race. I didn’t want them to be discouraged by defeat of turned off of electoral politics and public service, so I told them to be proud of the campaign we’d run and to keep working for the causes and candidates we believed in. I also knew I had to lead by example, and while my fireside chat with Barack the night before was a start, it was only that. It would take time for many to get past all that had happened, and I knew that people would be taking their cues from me._______________67________._____________________68_____________. My dear friend Stephanie Tubbs Jones, the fearless African American Congresswoman form Ohio who resisted intense pressure and stayed by my side throughout the primaries, dangled her feet in the swimming pool and told funny stories. Two months later she would die suddenly from a brain aneurism, a terrible loss for her family and for me and my family. For this day at least, we were still sisters in arms, looking forward to better days ahead.I signed off on the time and place for my final campaign appearance the next day and began to work on my speech. Writing this one was complicated, _______69___________________. And I support Barack in a way that would help him in the general election. That was a lot of freight for one speech to carry, and I didn’t have much time to get it right. I remember bitter primary battles that went all the way to the Convention, especially Ted Kennedy’s failed challenge to President Carter in 1980, and I would not let that history repeat itself. It would not be good for our party of for the country , so I was going to move quickly to publicly back Barack and campaign for him.____________________70_________. In person and over the phone, I went back and forth with speechwriters and advisors seeking the right tone and language. Jim Kennedy, an old friend with a magic touch for evocative language, had woken up in the middle of the night thinking about how the 18 million people who hadvoted for me had each added a hole in the ultimate glass celling. That gave me something to build on. I didn’t want to repeat the standard but ineffective comment; this endorsement had to be in my own words, a convincing personal argument about why we should all work to elect Barack. I stayed up until the early hours of the morning, sitting at our kitchen table with Bill making revisions to draft after draft.IV. Summary Writing (10%)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Say No to BullyingAdam wakes up with a knot of anxiety in the pit of his stomach. He knows that he faces bullying at school by three boys in his class. Yesterday, they told him they would beat him up if he showed up for the school day. Adam is so nervous that he pretends to be sick at home. Actually , he has done this a lot over the past three months and his grades were suffering because of it. Adam is not alone. Every day there are more school absences due to bullying than any other issue.Dr. Dan Olweus, a pioneering researcher in the field of bullying prevention, defines bullying this way: “ Bullying is when someone repeatedly and on purpose says or does mean or hurtful things to another person who has a hard time defending himself or herself.”Bullying can happen in many ways. Most types of bullying fall into two categories : direct bullying and indirect bullying. Direct bullying involves physical confrontations, verbal harassment and threat. Indirect bullying is more subtle and can include spreading rumors, excluding someone from a group or activity , and cyberbullying. Whatever the type of bullying is used, they are equally harmful and can affect a student’s well-being and academic achievement.It's normal for students to feel frightened or angry when other children bully them, but they can discourage attacks by showing confidence and not overreacting. Try not to fight with a bullying child or make verbal or written insults. This could lead to more aggression and possibly serious injury. Report any bullying to a parent or a trusted adult . It’s important to remember that bullying is wrong and should be handled by an adult. Whenever possible, avoid situations where there are no other students or teachers. Wait until another person walks in the same direction and walk next to them. There is no single to bullying , but it’s not sensible to ignore it just because it’s hard to deal with.V. Translation (15%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 20世纪性别平等有了很大的进步。
2023-2024学年上海市延安中学英语高三上期末质量检测试题含解析
2023-2024学年上海市延安中学英语高三上期末质量检测试题注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．The part in the film the man broke down the door made some of the audience give a cry.A．which B．who C．where D．whom2．Maybe some of you are curious about what my life was like on the streets because I’ve never really talked about it ______.A．in place B．in turn C．in force D．in depth3．For thousands of years,poetry the favorite type of literature for many in China. A．is B．has been C．was D．will be4．She is ____________ being pleased about it ; she is very angry.A．free from B．free of C．out of D．far from5．Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained ____；people are still looking for other possible solutions.A．unchallenged B．relevantC．controversial D．contradictory6．When faced with a big challenge ________ potential failure seems to hide at every corner, maybe you've heard this advice before: “Be more confident.”A．where B．whose C．which D．of which7．—Amazingly, I’ve managed to start my own shop online!—________ I told you it was easy.A．There you are! B．Believe it or not.C．How come? D．Y ou got me there!8．Some experts fear that too-early ________ to computers will have harmful consequences for children’s development.A．exposure B．extensionC．exhibition D．expansion9．One of the most important questions they had to consider was ___________ of public health.A．what B．that C．this D．which10．Peter survived in the accident when he fell overboard yesterday. He _______ escaped drowning.A．nearly B．slightly C．narrowly D．hardly11．________ in the last examination, she was more confident of another success in the coming one.A．To succeed B．To have succeeded C．Having succeeded D．succeeding 12．Where was it ______ the road accident happened the other day?A．that B．whenC．how D．which13．It is believed that many more popular terms ________ on the Internet this year. A．will be created B．have createdC．are created D．are creating14．________ on February 5, 2019, the Wandering Earth soon became a great hit. A．Releasing B．Being releasedC．Released D．To release15．--- Do you think I should join the singing group, Mary?--- ______ If I were in your shoes, I certainly would.A．None of your business．B．It depends.C．Why not? D．I don’t think so.16．Halfway through the chapter ____ I didn’t take anything in.A．did I realize B．had I realizedC．I realized D．I would realize17．The possibility that Frank was lying ______ through my mind.A．swallowed B．masked C．flashed18．The steamboat was fully furnished with life preservers. The passengers might be saved __________ accidents.A．in spite of B．instead ofC．in case of D．in place of19．In spring, the scene on the top of the hill is so appealing that it is ________ my words.A．above B．overC．beyond D．off20．The Chinese people are hopeful for ________ 2019 will bring for their families and the country.A．how B．whichC．what D．that第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
上海市延安中学2018届高三上学期周测九英语试题
II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages bel ow, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)In a recent radio show, U.S. President Obama talked about what birthday gifts he was buying for his wife and daughters.The president confesses that (25) ______ (choose) birthday gifts for the first lady, Michelle, is a very special challenge. He has to “rack his brain” (26) _______ ______ ______ purchase something that Michelle will appreciate. ,“Michell e is hard to shop (27) ______,” Obama said of the first lady. “She is very fashionable and s he looks good,” ad ded the presid ent, “so I am worried about buying her clothes (28) ______ she will, on that Day, look at it and say, ‘That’s really sweet, honey,’ and peck me on the cheek---but I will never see her wear what I (29) _______(buy) for her.N ot every Obama family member is so hard to shop for, however. Obama’s ol der daughter, Malia, is much (30) ______ (easy) to shop for. The 16-year-old is a huge film lover, so the president always gives her some classic films, One year, Obama gave Malia (31) ______ collection of the 100 greatest movies ever made, (32) ______ he thought was the best present ever to her.Obama said he also liked to give books as birthday gifts. He noted that he and daughters Malia and Sasha had a tradition of going to an independent bookstore and buying some books for various members of the family. This year, they bought 17 books in all.(B)Equality used to be something people wanted to enjoy on the Internet. But do they really get what they want? I d o not think so.When we are chatting with strangers online, it seems like nobody knows (33) ______ you are poor or rich, highly educated or a mid dl e school dropout. Even your gend er can be a mystery. However, have you ever noticed some details? For example, you have submitted your authentic personal information to a social network (34) ______ ______ everyone can know more about you, but a 40-year-ol d unemployed guy (35) ______ chats with you may tell you that he is an a “18-year-old high school girl” and you may never know the truth. Is that fair? Actually, in (36) ______ a case, peopl e are far from establishing equal relationships. On the contrary, they start to cheat and play virtual roles with their real personal information not (37) ______ (reveal).In my opinion, equality (38) ______never ______ (achieve) online. For instance, the “V identification’’ of Sina Weibo is mainly for celebrities and peopl e with certain social status or achievements. Every day, there are thousands of people (39) ______ (foll ow) these famous “V”users’ p osts, no matter how boring they are. It is just like how people focus on cel ebrities, private life in reality. However, when an ordinary person shares his meaningful experience online, people will hardly notice that.Therefore, do not expect too much about online equality, because the Internet is just a replication(复制）of the real society. There will be no absolute equality in the cyber worl d (40) ______ ______ ______ in our real life.Section BDirections: Complete the foll owing passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.(F=BC, G=ABC, H=AB# I=AD, J=BD, K=ABD)Christmas is the biggest holiday of the year in many countries including the US and the UK. Decorating Christmas trees, giving gifts and singing Christmas songs are just a few of the ___41___ that the two nations share. However, just as there are many cultural differences betweenthe two, Christmas is not exactly the same on both sid es of the Atlantic. The BBC has pointed out some ___42___ differences.According to the BBC, the language of Christmas is not really the same in the US and the UK. Britons usually say “Happy Christmas” to each other. But “Americans will look ___43___ or chuckle to themselves if you “wish them‘Happy Christmas’, as ___44___ to ‘Merry Christmas’,” the BBC said. In addition, the shortening of Christmas to “Chrimbo”, which is common in the UK, is almost ___45___ unknown in the US doesn’t ___46___have turkey, either. The BBC ___47___ that Americans save that particular food for Thanksgiving Day, and they often go for ham or roast beef on Christmas Day. For dessert, Christmas cake, Christmas pudding and mince pies are popular in the UK. In the US, however, your post-meal treat will ___48___ be one of the foll owing: pumpkin pie, fruitcake, apple pie, pecan pie, or sweet potato pie.During the dinner, Britons are used to putting on paper hats and pulling a Christmas cracker with a fell ow dinner. But there is no such tradition in the US, where paper hats are less common and Christmas crackers are nearly ___49___ of.However, one thing you will find in the US, but not in the UK, is that the ___50___ Christmas d ecorations you see in movies are real. Some homeowners even turn their houses into light shows, a ccording to the BBC, “Driving through American suburbia at Christmas can sometimes feel like a tour of Disney World,” the news network d escribed.Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked with A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.I teach economics at UNLV three times per week. Last Monday, at the beginning of class, I ___51___asked my students how their weekend had been. One young man said that his weekend had not been so good. He had his wisd om teeth ___52___. The young man then ___53___ to ask me why I always seemed to be so cheerful.His question remind me ___54___ something I’d read somewhere before, “Every morning when you get up, you have a cho ice about ___55___ you want to approach life that day,” I said. “I choose to be cheerful.”“Let me give you a(n)36,” I continued, ___56___ all sixty stud ents in the class. “___57___ teaching here at UNLV, I also teach at the community coll ege in Henderson, 17 mil es d own the freeway from where I live. One day a few weeks ago I drove to Henderson. I exited the freeway and turned onto College Drive. I only had to drive another quarter mile d own the road to the coll ege. But just then my car died. I tried to sta rt it again, but the engine wouldn’t ___58___. So I put my flashers on, grabbed my books, and marched d own the road to the college.”“As soon as I got there I called AAA(汽车协会) and arranged for a tow truck to meet me at my car ___59___ class. The secretary in the Provost’s office asked me what had happened. ”This is my lucky day, ”I replied, smiling.”“But your car breaks d own.” She was ___60___. ”What d o you mean?”“I live 17 miles from here.” I replied. “My car ___61___ broken d own anywhere along the freew ay. It didn’t.___62___, it broke d own in the perfect place, off the freeway, within walking distance of here. I’m still able to teach my class, and I’ve been able to arrange for the tow truck to meet me after class. If my car was ___63___to break d own toda y, it couldn’t have been arranged in a more convenient fashion.’”“The secretary’s eyes opened wide, and then she smiled. I smiled back and ___64___ class.” So ended my story.I scanned the sixty faces in my ___65___ class at UNLV. Despite the early hour, no one seemed to be asleep. Somehow, my story had touched them. Or maybe it wasn’t the story at all. In fact, it had all started with a student’s50that I was cheerful.51. A. confid ently B. warmly C. creatively D. cheerfully52. A. separated B. removed C. deleted D. transplanted53. A. proceeded B. led C. contributed D. happened54. A. about B. to C. of D. into55. A. when B. what C. how D. why56. A. addressing B. stressing C. identifying D. organizing57. A. in relation to B. in addition to C. instead of D. in terms of58. A. turn up B. turn off C. turn in D. turn over59. A. before B. after C. in D. during60. A. concerned B. puzzled C. troubl ed D. worried61. A. coul d have B. must have C. shoul d have D. needn’t have62. A. besid es B. however C. instead D. meanwhile63. A. informed B. meant C. ordered D. related64. A. headed for B. gained access to C. settled d own D. left to65. A. observation B. engine C. speech D. economicsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Chose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）“Do you think former US presid ent Bill Clinton gets enough credit for ending the Korean War?”Jimmy Kimmel, host of a talk show in the US, asked some of his audience this question in a recent episode. You may have quickly spotted that the question d oesn’t make sense, since the Korean War happened in the 1950s, while Bill Clinton was US president from 1993 to 2001.But surprisingly, many people were fooled by this question. They seemed to be willing to say anything on camera to hide their cluelessness (毫无头绪) about this “political issue”.Yes, it seems that political ignorance is a serious problem in the US. But a recent study done by Ipsos MORI, a l eading market research company in the UK, shows that the problem has been spreading across the world, The Washington Post reported last month.Survey respondents in the 14 nations includ ed in the study generally had no idea about major political issues in their countries. Even in Sweden, where people are most informed about current affairs, respond ents were not well-informed on important political issues such as the unempl oyment rate, which they thought was 3 times higher than it actually is.So why are peopl e’s ideas so far from reality?Bobby Duffy, managing director of Ipsos MORI’s Social Research Institute, wrote in The Guardian that it was because people had problems with basic math and some cl early misunderstood the questions.“When people need to do fast thinking, they take all sorts of mental shortcuts, where theygrab (抓住) easily available information even if it doesn’t quite fit the question,” wrote Duffy.The media also plays a role in confusing us. Take the murder rate as an exampl e. Increasing media coverage of crime makes many peopl e believe that the murder rate is going up even though it has actually been falling in the 14 nations from the study.However, “the real driver is how we remember information, where anecdotes (奇闻异事) stick, even if they are describ ing something very rare,” said Duffy.However, those misperceptions (误解) are not all wrong – peopl e also send a message about what’s worrying them when answering questions about subjects such as the crime and unempl oyment rates. “Cause and effect can run b oth ways, with our concern leading to our misperceptions as much as our misperceptions creating our concern,” he add ed.Although many people d on’t think of these misperceptions as a serious probl em, these mistakes might have serious political results that would eventually affect everyone’s well-being, Ilya Somin, professor of law at George Mason University, wrote in a Washington Post blog.“Overestimating (估计过高) the crime rate may produce exaggerated (夸张的) safety worries among citizens, causing distrust and indifference between strangers,” wrote Somin. “Whil e overestimating the numbers of immigrants may lead to fears of being destroyed by foreign cultures and increase support for limiting migration, which can bring harm on both immigrants and natives.”66. B y mentioning Jimmy Kimmel’s talk show in the first paragraphs, the author intends to______.A. remind people of Korean WarB. show that many peopl e are ignorant of political IssueC. introduce the read er to an important political issueD. show how Jimmy Ki mmel fooled his talk show’s entire audience67. Which of the foll owing may not be the reason why people have misperception about political issue?A. The media misl eads its audienceB. They easily mistake anecdotes for facts that are widely knownC. They sometimes underestimate the murder rateD. They are poor at basic math68. What is the best d escription of Ilya Somin’s attitud e toward people’s misperceptions about political issues in the article?A. It is not a serious probl emB. It may have a bad effect on social stabilityC. It may cause people to admire foreign cultures blindlyD. The political results caused by these mistakes are exaggerated69. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Introducing divided opinions on misconceptions on political issuesB. Illustrating the technique of hosting a talk showC. Pointing out how littl e the respondents involved in the study showD. Explaining the reasons for misconception and possible consequence（B）The great Asian space raceWhen India became the first Asian nation to successfully reach Mars this September, it immediately brought up images of the battle between the elephant and the red dragon.However, the reality of a potenial Asian space is much complicated. Here is a look at the regional players.IndiaT he Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO)enjoys the Mangalyaan’s successful mission to Mars. On top of being the first country to successfully reach the red planet on its first voyage, India joins the Soviets, NASA and the European Space Agency(ESA) ad the only ones to accomplish deed.JapanAs the first Asian country to successfully launch a satellite into orbit-way back in 1970-Japan’s space program is one of Asia’s ol dest and technol ogically advanced. Whil e it has cooperated with the USA on missile（导弹）defense since 1999, it is currently starting a new era.New law has passed the space program to the authorities. The d oor has opened for limited military programs and this August, plans were announced to launch a military space force by 2019, designed to monitor dangerous debris(碎片) fl oating cl ose to earth an protecting satellites from conflicts or attacks.South KoreaWhile th korean Aerospace Research Institute(KARI) was established in 1989, south korean has been a relatively late entrant in Asia’s space race.Due to their cooperation with the US and out of concerns of accelerating a regional arms race with their neighbors, its space program was restricted to foreign collaboration-building, a network of communications an remote-sensing satellites with foreign technol ogy and launching their own scientific satellites on others boosters.In 2018, they signed a deal with Russia to aid in the construction of a space center on Verarod o Island, located in the strait sparating Korea from Japan.They also received three rockets to try to launch into orbit. After failures in 2018 and 2018, the third time was a charm with the country becoming the 11th nation to launch a satellite into orbit from its own。
2019-2020学年上海市延安中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案
2019-2020学年上海市延安中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWashingtonD.C.SightseeingWith the information below, you’re not missing anything in D.C.! Click Here to find the perfect hotel for your stay as well.TheOldTownTrolley TourIt offers something for the whole family. Not only will it give them something fun to do, but it will give them a history lesson. This tour will last about three hours and it’s proper for people of all ages.African American History TourBe sure to take this tour because African Americans have had an important role in the making of our country. Take this historical four-hour tour, where you will visit some important sites includingMuseumofAfrican American Historyand Culture.Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C.This is a great experience allowing you to enjoy the capital in a new way. The walking tour lasts for about one hour and thirty minutes, which takes place in less than a mile journey from the starting place.D.C. Twilight TourCheck out the D.C. Twilight Tour for a unique view of some of the most famous sites! What makes this two-hour guided tour truly unique is that you can view many wonderful sites at night time!1. Which tour is recommended to a tourist who is fond of hiking?A. TheOldTownTrolley TourB. African American History TourC. Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C. D. D.C. Twilight Tour2. Which tour lasts longest?A. TheOldTownTrolley TourB. African American History TourC. Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C. D. D.C. Twilight Tour3. Where will you read this text most likely?A. In a guidebook.B. In a magazine.C. In a newspaper.D. On the Internet.BIf you could travel back in time, which period of history would you visit? It’s a great question to ask your friends, and time travel is the subject of many science fiction films. Of course, sci-fi is familiar to most of us, butwhat is cli-fi? The simple answer is climate fiction which focuses on the subject of climate change.Many of the cli-fi examples we watch tend to be disaster films. It could be solar flares (太阳耀斑), ice ages devastating (摧毁) the planet, extreme flooding swamping the earth with water, or super-storms that threaten life as we know it. While films and novels of this style are often subject to the typical images of a hero or heroine battling to save the day, what sets it apart from most sci-fi films is that the plots will often draw on apparently reasonable outcomes in the near future.Climate change and the potential threats have long been established. Some believe that the issue of climate change has even led to more fans watching films to learn more about what's happening to the world – seeing it as a form of edutainment. A study conducted by the Yale programme on Climate Change Communication tested the effects that two climate fiction novels can have on its readers and found “significant positive effects” in terms of their attitudes and beliefs towards the climate crisis – for example, understanding global warming will harm them and future generations.Most climate films are not only extremely popular action films, but also cause our fear of what some see as the approaching end of the world. This sounds bad, but according to a study conducted on 310 adults in the US, watching such scary films can help us feel more prepared and less alone in situations such as the pandemic (疫情). So, it looks like cli-fi is hereto stay – and there seem to be some benefits. Whether it’s there to educate, entertain or prepare you for a climate crisis, it might have a role to play.4. Which of the following may be the subject of cli-fi?A. Time travel.B. Global warming.C. Weather forecast.D. Economic climate.5. What can we learn about cli-fi films from paragraph 2?A. They are often about extreme natural disasters.B. They want to show that man can conquer nature.C. They usually have similar plots with sci-fi films.D. They can show the true near future of the world.6. Why is the study conducted by the Yale programme mentioned in paragraph 3?A. To prove that climate change has potential threats.B. To show that people like climate fiction novels.C. To tell that cli-fi novels have positive effects on readers.D. To explain how the climate crisis affect the human being.7. What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the last paragraph?A. Cli-fi films are very popular as action films.B. A study was conducted on 310 adults in theUS.C. The pandemic make people scared and alone.D. Cli-fi films are useful and will be here to stay.CSmart speakers have proven to be handy devices in hospitals, allowing patients to control independently . And now, researchers from theUniversityofWashingtonhave developed an artificial intelligence system that enables these devices to monitor heartbeats.Using technology to remotely monitor heart rates isn't new. These days most smartwatches and fitness trackers are capable of it. The good thing here is that researchers have figured out a way to use the microphones in smart speakers to do it without requiring physical contact.In a study published inCommunications Biology, the researchers had the smart speakers send out signals that couldn't be heard which were then reflected off a person's body. They then analyzed these signals to identify small chest wall motions related to heartbeats, as well as separate those signals from surrounding noise and breathing.For this particular proof — of — concept setup, the researchers tested this smart speaker on 26 healthy participants and 24 hospitalized patients with various heart conditions, including atrial fibrillation（心房颤动）and heart failure. In both cases, the smart speaker was within 28 -30 milliseconds of an ECG（心电图）,the gold standard used in hospitals to discover arrhythmia（心律不齐）.Like smartwatches with advanced heart features, using smart speakers in this way opens up the possibility for passive, remote heart monitoring. ECGs, while highly accurate, require a visit to the doctor and several electrodes （电极）to be placed on the body. They,re not capable of continuous monitoring so you're limited to what it picks up at that exact moment in time ——one reason why heart arrhythmia can be so hard to discover.Smartwatches are capable of passive, remote, continuous monitoring, but they require you to wear the device at all times to be effective. It's not something that's comfortable for everyone, especially when it comes to sleep and for those with highly sensitive skin. Another issue is that these advanced smartwatches are expensive, while smart speakers are much cheaper.“If you have a device like this, you can monitor a patient on an extended basis and then develop corresponding care plans that satisfy the patient' s needs,“ said Dr. Arun Sridhar, co — senior author on the study. "And the beauty of using this kind of devices is that they are already in people's homes.”8. What does the author focus on in Paragraph 3?A. How the smart speaker works.B. Why the smart speaker is useful.C. The advantages of smart speakers.D. The importance of the study.9. Why is heart arrhythmia difficult to find?A. ECGs are not highly accurate.B. ECGs can't monitor continuously.C. Doctors know little about heart arrhythmia.D. An ECG test is hard to operate and expensive.10. Which statement best explains the characteristics of smartwatches?A. They are comfortable to wear.B. They are friendly to sensitive skin.C. They are effective and cheap.D. They are able to monitor remotely.11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. We need to invent more smart devices.B. Care plans are vital to patients with heart failure.C. Smart speakers could be contactless heart monitors.D. Different devices are needed to meet patients,demands.DThe idea of low material desire, low consumption and refusing to work, marry and have children, concluded as a “lying down” lifestyle, recentlystruck a chord withmany young Chinese who are eager to take pause to breathe in this fast-paced and highly-competitive society.Many millennials (千禧一代) and generation Zs complained to the Global Times that burdens, including work stress, family disputes (纷争) and financial strains, have pushed them “against the wall”. They said they hate the “involution (内卷),” joking that they would rather give up some of what they have than get trapped in an endlesscompetition against peers.“Instead of always following the ‘virtues’ of struggle, endure and sacrifice to bear the stresses, they prefer a temporary lying down as catharsis (宣泄) and adjustment,” said a scholar. “It is no wonder that some young people, under the growing pressures from child-raising to paying the mortgage (按揭) today, would try to live in a simple way and leave the worries behind.”Interestingly, the majority of millennials and Gen Zs reached by the Global Times, who claim to be big fans of the lying down philosophy, acknowledged that they only accept a temporary lying down as a short rest. It is true that with the great improvement of living conditions, some Chinese youth have partially lost the spirit of hardship and are not willing to bear too much hard work. But in fact, lying down is not entirely comfortable. Young people who lie down always feel guilty about their constant loss of morale (士气) far beyond their reach.“Young people on campus have both aspirations and confusion about their future, but most of us have rejected setting ourselves up in chains to waste opportunities and challenges,” a postgraduate student told the Global Times. “It’s no use running away. I have to ‘stand up’ and face the reality sooner or later.”12. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 mean?A. Warned.B. Criticized.C. Touched.D. Amused.13. What might have caused the “lying down” lifestyle among the young?A. Improvements in living conditions.B. Growing pressure from family and social life.C. Increasing material possessions from families.D. Temporary adjustment to failure in competitions.14. What’s the scholar’s attitude toward the “lying down” group?A. Understanding.B. Intolerant.C.Supportive.D. Unclear.15. What can be inferred about the young generation from the text?A. They never really drop their responsibilities.B. They really enjoy the “lying down” lifestyle.C. They find their dreams far beyond their reach.D. They would rather escape than take challenges.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市延安高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案
2020届上海市延安高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AHubeiProvincehas long been a favorite Chinese tourist destination because of its natural scenery, historic cities, and beautiful mountains. Here are some of the best places to visit inHubeiProvince.YellowCraneTowerYellowCraneToweris known as one of the Three Famous Towers South of Yangtze River, together withYueyangTowerinHunanand Tengwang Pavilion inJiangxi. The history ofYellowCraneTowerdates back to the Three Kingdoms period (220-280) in Chinese history. The tower was used as a watchtower by the King of Wu's army in the beginning.Enshi Grand CanyonEnshi Grand Canyon can beChina's answer to the Grand Canyon inArizona, theUnited Statesin beauty. The canyon runs 108 kilometers and occupies a land area of 3,000 square kilometers. The region where Enshi Grand Canyon is located used to be a vast sea with many limestone deposits 230 million years ago.Shennongjia Scenic AreaIt is famous for its varied plant species as well as mountains. Regarded as the “Lungs of Central China", the forest coverage reaches over 90 percent of the area. Due to the special climate, it is neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter. Sometimes clouds stretch around mountains, rewarding tourists with unforgettable views. Besides, the area is home to some rare animals such as golden monkeys, white bears and antelope.The Three-Gorge Tribe scenic spotLocated in the area of the Xiling Gorge in the city ofYichang, it has the beauty of landscape paintings. The spot is a “ProtectedCenterof the Popular Culture and Art of the Three Gorges”. Since ancient times, a lot of famous scholars have produced a great number of excellent poems praising the beauty of this place, some of which are carved on the stones along theYangtze River.1. What is special aboutYellowCraneTower?A. It has a long history.B. It offers a scenic view.C. It once served war's purposes.D. It is the best-known tower inChina2. Why is the Grand Canyon inArizonamentioned ?A. To explain its popularity inChina.B. To help readers know more about it.C. To prove the beauty of the Chinese canyon.D. To show differences between the two canyons.3. Which place will a Chinese literature lover probably visit?A. Enshi Grand Canyon.B.YellowCraneTower.C. Shennongjia Scenic Area.D. TheThree-Gorge Tribe scenic spot.BWhen I was young, my mother didn't have the money to send me to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with education.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself.But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4：30 inthe morning.We needevery one of you to develop your talents and your skills so that you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems. If you quit on school—you're not just quitting on yourself, but you're quitting on your country. No one's written your destiny(命运)for you, because you write your own destiny. You make your own future.That's why today I'm calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education and do everything you can to meet them.Your goal can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time reading a book.But whatever you decide to do, I want you to commit to it.I want you to really work at it.I know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star.No one's born being good at all things. You become good at things through hard work.You're not a good athlete the first time you play a new sport.You don't hit every note the first time you sing a song.You've got to practise.4. What can we learn from the first paragraph？A. The writer's home was very rich.B. The writer's mother was a teacher.C. The writer was born in a poor family.D. The writer didn't like reading books.5. What does the writer want everyone to do by improving their talents and skills？A. To quit on their country to earn more money.B. To help solve the most difficult problems.C. To write their own new destiny by working as a TV star.D. To spend some time writing books about their own life.6. Why does the writer call on everyone to set his/her own goal？A. Because everyone's future is determined by themselves.B. Because eyeryone's future is to do simple work.C. Because everyone should do their homework.D. Because everyone should pay attention in class.7. How can people realise their great dreams？A. By rapping.B. By playing basketball.C. By being a reality star.D. By working hard.CWilliam had worked hard to pass the exams to enter high school. When the term began, however, his father told him that there was no money to pay for his school fees because of the summer drought. Still, William wanted to learn.He made the village library his school. One day, he found a book calledUsing Energy. On the book’s cover was a picture of windmills, tall steel towers with blades (叶片) spinning like giant fans. He learned that wind—something of which his hometown had plenty—could produce electricity.He couldn’t help picturing his own windmill in mind, but collecting the parts and tools he needed would take months. In a junkyard, he dug through piles of used metal, old cars, and worn-out tractors, searching for anything that might help him construct his machine. He made four-foot-long blades from plastic pipe, which he melted over a fire, flattened out, and hardened with bamboo poles.Earning some money, he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston (活塞) to the pedal sprocket (踏板链轮) of an old bicycle frame. This would be the axle (轮轴) of the windmill. When the wind blew, the spinning blades would turn the bicycle wheel and spin a small dynamo (发电机), donated by his friend.When he had collected all the parts, William began putting them together. He fixed the blades to the tractor fan he found, using washers (垫圈) he’d made from bottle caps. Next he pushed the fan onto the piston joint to the bicycle frame. With the help of his two best friends, Williambuilt a 16-foot-tall tower from trunks of trees and lifted the ninety-pound windmill to the top.The big moments eventually came. He climbed up the tower and connected two wires that held a small bulb. As the wind whipped around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered (闪烁), then flashed to life. The crowd cheered from below. “Wachitabwina (well done)!”William’s machine now powered his house. And the story of the boy who’d built a power-generating windmill to rescue his family from the drought spread across the Internet.8. After readingUsing Energy, what did William decide to do?A. Make use of wind.B. Enter a high school.C. Build a village library.D. Learn to survive a drought.9. According to Para.3, which of the following word can best describe William?A. Humorous.B. Determined.C. Cooperative.D. Friendly.10. What can you learn about William’s machine?A. It was built by villagers.B. It worked at the first attempt.C. It took him years to complete it.D. It was made from metal materials.11. What is the besttitle for the passage?A. Winds Of HopeB. Ideas Worth SpreadingC. Learning from ExperienceD. Windmills for VillagesDRecently, I read about a promotion from a home builder in San Diego where consumers (消费者) could buy a 4,000 square foot house for $1.6 million and get a smaller home bythe developer valued at $400 thousand for free. This sounds like a fantastic deal, but I am alwayswary ofany promotion labeled (给……加标签) with“buy one get one free”, and here is why.Oftentimes, “buy one get one free” ends up being “buy two at the regularprice”. For example, I often see “buy one get one free” ads for orange juice at the supermarket, but the first box always costs over $5.00. At thesame time, the juices not in the promotion are selling for $2.50 to $2.99 a box.Another problem with “buy one get one free” is that oftentimes you do not need the second item. I only consume one gallon of milk every two weeks. If I were talked into buying a second gallon in a “buy one get one free” promotion, then the second gallon would go bad before I have time to consume it. That creates waste instead of savings.In the case of theSan Diegodeveloper, so far they have received one offer on their expensive houses, but the buyer does not want the cheaper house for free. Instead, he wants the value of the smaller home taken away from his purchase price. I think this guy is quite wise because he saw right through the marketing of “buy one get one free”.Finally, it is up to you to see how much you need and how much you are willing to spend. Knowing the regular price of things also helps you in deciding whether a “buy one get one free” promotion is truly a great deal.12. What does the underlined part “wary of” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. annoyed atB. careful aboutC. familiar withD. puzzled about13. Why does the author mention milk in Paragraph 3?A. To show that there are many promotions of food.B.To suggest that people think twice before they shop.C. To prove that the second item isn’t always as good as the first one.D. To show that people often buy more than they need in the promotion.14. What does the house buyer want to do?A. Buy the smaller house only.B. Get the smaller house for free.C. Buy the larger house for $1.2 million.D. Buy both the larger and smaller houses for $2 million.15. How does the author organize the text?(P: Paragraph)A. B. C. D.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海市延安高级中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案
2019-2020学年上海市延安高级中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt looks like 2017 is shaping up to be a record-breaking year in movie History. Here is a list of some of the year’s biggest blockbusters so far.Kong: Skull IslandA reboot (重启) of King Kong would normally get laughed at in this day and age, but it looks like this modem version of the story will be worth watching. With US actress Brie Larson and UK actor Tom Hiddleston in the mix, this film is set to be this year’s biggest monster tale.Release Date:3/10/17Beauty and the BeastDirector Bill Condon is bringing back a part of our childhood in live action, complete with the songs we all remember and love. With British stars Emma Watson and Dan Stevens leading thecast, the classic Walt Disney story already sounds like it’ll be a delight for both children and adults.Release Date:3/17/17The Fate of the FuriousThere was doubt that we’d even get a Fast 8, especially after the fitting ending US actor Paul Walker’s character was given at the end of Furious 7. Fans thought they’d never see Dom and the rest of the crew back in action, but thankfully, US star Vin Diesel himself confirmed that The Fate of the Furious is fueling up for another go.Release Date:4/14/17Spider-Man: HomecomingSpider Man is heading home to Marvel Studios for the first time. The movie will show us Peter Parker’s high school days, and will continue the threads we saw formed during his initial appearance in Captain America: Civil War. We know that Michael Keaton is playing The Vulture in this story, and that both Happy Hogan and Tony Stark, played by US actors Jon Favreau and Robert Downey Jr., are along for the ride.Release Date:7/7/171.Which of the following movies can’t you see on May Day?A.Kong: Skull Island.B.Beauty and the Beast.C.The Fate of the Furious.D.Spider-Man: Homecoming.2.What can we know about Beauty and the Beast?A.It is fueling up for another go.B.It is produced by Marvel StudiosC.It’ll show us Peter Parker’s school days.D.It’ll be enjoyable for both children and adults.3.What does the underlined word “cast” probably mean?A.Characters.B.Actors.C.Directors.D.Teachers.BAlthough computer technology is often necessary today, using a pen or pencil activates more areas of your brain than a keyboard does. You can potentially remember more by handwriting, according to a new study.The potential benefits of handwriting for memory have been debated for some time. The new study set out to answer one question: How does handwriting compare to using a keyboard when it comes to remembering new information?In all,24 participants took part. Researchers asked each of them to write with a pen and then each was also asked to type on a keyboard. While performing these tasks, each volunteer wore a cap that held electrodes next to their head. It looked somewhat like a hair net fitted with 256 sensors. Those sensors recorded the participants' brainwaves. The electrodes noted which parts of the brain turned on during each task. And they showed that writing turned on memory areas in the brain while typing didn't.Audrey van der Meer, the new study's leader, says this suggests that when we write by hand, we remember better. “This is because writing involves complex movements that activate more areas of the brain. The increased brain activity gives the brain more ‘hooks’ to hang your memories on,” she explains. Van der Meer also points out that writing by hand is related to visual notetaking. “Rather than typing blindly, the visual notetaker has to think about what is important to write down. Then, key words can be interlinked by boxes, arrows and small drawings,” she adds.This study does not recommend banning digital devices. In fact, its authors point out, computers and other devices with keyboards have become necessary in modern society. Keyboarding can especially benefit those with certain special needs (such as if they have trouble using their hands) and typing beats writing when it comes tospeed, they add.4. Why were participants asked to wear caps in the study?A. To record their brainwavesB. To inform them of their tasksC. To allow them to focus on writingD. To protect their heads like hair nets5. What does Audrey van der Meer try to explain?A. Why handwriting is more complex than typingB. Why the brain works when it comes to learningC. Why handwriting helps remember informationD. Why key words are helpful to visual notetaking6. What is the study's authors' view on typing?A. It relieves people's handsB. It remains vital and helpfulC. It is not worth recommendingD. It is more challenging than writing7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. How Can You Remember New Information?B. Handwriting Benefits Health in the LongRunC. Should Typing Take the Place of Handwriting?D. Handwriting Is Better for Memory Than TypingCVietnammade preparations for theLunar New Year with a fish release on Thursday. The tradition involves releasing fish called carps into rivers and lakes in the country a week before the holiday known as Tet officially begins.The tradition comes from an ancient story of three “Kitchen Gods”. The three, two males and a female, take a ride on the brightly color1 ed carp at the end of the year. They go to Heaven to meet with the Jade Emperor, the God who rules there. The “Kitchen Gods” report news about the families they represent to seek the emperor's care and protection. Their efforts help to keep the kitchen fires burning, and families happy and healthy.As the Gods go to Heaven, families clean their houses in preparation to celebrate Tet. A clean house, Vietnamese believe, will bring luck in the new year. On Lunar New Year's Eve, the Gods will return to Earth and their duties in the kitchen of the house.Thursday's event inVietnamthis year was more controlled than ever before because of COVID-19. It is spreading in several northern areas of the country. However,Vietnamhas increased contact examination, mass testing, and quarantine measures to slow the spread. The aggressive action has limited infections and deaths in the country.“Vietnamese will still follow the tradition of releasing the fish, but COVID-19 has made people keep a safe distance,” said Tran Van Toi as he released a carp from a plastic bag atHanoi'sWestLake.This year, due to COVID-19, there were fewer people releasing fish there, but there was a major change in attitude towards plastic bags. After years of persuasion, now they don't throw the plastic bags into the water anymore but collect them to be recycled.8. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. Kitchen fires inVietnam.B. Traditional customs ofVietnam.C. A report on family activities inVietnam.D. A tale about Vietnamese Lunar New Year.9. What's the author's attitude towards theVietnam's actions to control COVID-19?A. Critical.B. Positive.C. Doubtful.D. Unconcerned.10. What was the change about fish release inVietnamthis year?A. It required few lake fish.B. It was more interesting and diverse.C. It was more environmentally friendly.D. It required more people and plastic bags.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Vietnamese Respect Gods During the Festive TimeB. Vietnamese Mark Lunar New Year with Fish ReleaseC. Vietnamese Lunar New Year Celebrations Are FunnyD. Traditional Lunar New Year Promotes Animal ProtectionDSome of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every evening when he came home from the office. I’d watch as he put his personal items away: his watch, wallet, comb and car keys would always occupy the same spot on the table every time.Dad’s comb was bought when he married Mum. Every evening, he would smile, hand me the comb and say: “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?” I was more than happy to do it. This seems amundanetask, but it brought me such joy at that time. I would excitedly turn the tap on, then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile at me, and place the comb on top of his wallet.About two years later, Dad started his own business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well, and he didn’t come home as much as he used to. Over the years, I stopped waiting for him to come home.Today, I’ve graduated from college and Dad’s business are better now. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me continued. Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early and said to me, “Hey, would you like to help me clean my comb?” I looked at him a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink. It’s a new comb. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it. I brushed the comb, and it hit me then: why, as a child, helping my dad clean his comb was such a joy.I passed the clean comb back to Dad. This time, I noticed my day has aged. But his smile is still as heartwarming as before. Dad carefully places his comb on top of his wallet. After so many years, I guess some things never change. And for that, I’m glad.12. As a child, the author helped her dad clean his comb happily because ________.A. she was good at cleaning the combB. she thought that she should do that as a good girlC. her dad was home early to spend the evening with herD. the comb was important for her father and her mother13. Which of the following words can best replace the underlined wordmundanein paragraph two?A. importantB. excitingC. unnecessaryD. uninteresting14. When the author said, “It’s a new comb. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it.”, she felt ________.A. disappointedB. impatientC. tiredD. sorry15. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Evenings With Dad.B. How to Clean the Comb.C. My Memory with My Dad.D. I Love My Family Members.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市延安高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析
2020届上海市延安高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Truly Unique Canadian Camping ExperiencesMount Robson Provincial Park,British ColumbiaNamed after the highest mountain in the Canadian Rockies, this park gives you breathtaking views of mountain landscapes along with lakes, waterfalls, canyons, and caves. The Berg Lake campground is located right at the northern base of the 3, 954-meter peak (山巅), which is about a day's hike in.Fundy National Park,New BrunswickIf you've grown tired of the tent or RV, this park is one of the few national parks offering yurt (蒙古包) rentals. Make sure you visit theBay of Fundywhere the world's highest tides make for some great surfing. You also can't miss the amazing Acadian forest waterfall. If you're looking for even more entertainment, the park also hostsmusic and cultural festivals each summer and has its own golf course.KluaneNational Parkand ReserveYukonFrom May to September, theKathleenLakecampground sees visitors come from far and wide to camp, hike and fish. Mountaineering is especially popular as Kluane is home to 17 of Canada's 20 highest peaks. Flightseeing over the park's glaciers and rafting (漂流) the winding Alsek River will also keep you out enjoying the wilderness.Prince Edward Island National Park,Prince Edward IslandIf you're looking for a family-friendly park, this one is wonderful. Between the seven beaches and more than 50 kilometersof hiking and cycling trails, you'll certainly be kept busy. Literature lovers, you can see what inspired L.M. Montgomery'sAnne of Green Gables at the nearby Green Gables Heritage Place and even explore the original house.1. Where is the park offering yurt rentals located?A. InBritish Columbia.B. InNew Brunswick.C. InYukon.D. InPrince Edward Island.2. What can you do inKluaneNational Parkand Reserve?A. Climb the highest mountain inCanada.B. Experience the highest tides.C. Raft the windingAlsekRiver.D. Attend music and cultural festivals.3. Which will you choose if you are a fan of Anne of Green Gables?A.Mount RobsonProvincialPark.B. Fundy National Park.C.KluaneNational Parkand Reserve.D.Prince Edward IslandNational Park.BThis past year, I've found myself returning again and again to lines of poetry by Emily Dickinson. Like many people, I've needed the curing effects of reading more than ever. As scientists and psychologists will tell you, books are good for the brain and their benefits are particularly vital now.Books expand our world, providing an escape and offering novelty, surprise and excitement. They broaden our view and help us connect with others. Books can also distract us and help reduce ourmental chatter.When we hit the “flow state" of reading where we're fully lost in a book, our brain's mode network calms down. It's a network of brain that is active and gets absorbed in thinking and worrying endlessly when we are not doing anything else.There is so much noise in the world right now and the very act of reading is kind of meditation. You disconnect from the chaos around you.You reconnect with yourself when you are reading. And there's no more noise.In 2020, the NPD Group recorded the best year of book sales since 2004. Yet even as people are buying more books,many are reporting they're having a harder time getting through them. It's difficult for your brain to focus on a book when it's constantly scanning for threats to keep you alive.Our fight-or-flight response has been consistently activated.Sometimes I picture my brain as a cartoon brain with little arms and legs, fighting with a book I am holding and screaming: “Can't you see I'm busy!” Anxiety causes our brain to produce a flood of stress,which consumes our energy and makes it harder to concentrate.Then one day in December sitting on my couch, I remembered how much I like to read"The House of Mirth" every few years around the holidays. The memory inspired me to pick up the familiar book, opened it up and started reading.I just kept going.The comfort and distraction and brain-opening experience gave me peace.So return to something familiar.4. What does the underlined part “mental chatter” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Getting lost in a book.B. Non-stop inner anxiety.C. Chatting with the author.D. Powerful network of brain.5. What do we know about reading according to the text?A. It can treat our headache.B. It can calm down the noisy people.C. It forces us to concentrate.on thinking.D. It makes us communicate with ourselves.6. Why was it difficult for people to finish reading books in 2020?A. People bought too many books.B. The books were too difficult to understand.C. People just wanted to escape from the threat.D. The life threat disturbed people's focus on books.7. Why is the author's experience mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To rid people of concern for safety.B. To present an effective reading way.C. To wake up memories of an old book.D. To recommend the book he/she reads.CYou’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part ofVon Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’sworth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all atonce.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.8. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?A. Beautifying the city he lives in.B. Introducing eco-friendly products.C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D. Reducing garbage on the beach.9. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.B. To explain why they are useful.C. To voice his views on modern art.D. To find a substitute for them.10. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?A. Calming.B. Disturbing.C. Refreshing.D. Challenging.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic SafetyB. Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC. Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD. Ocean Plastics Transformed into SculpturesDWhen an animal species is considered endangered, it means that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has evaluatedit as nearly extinct, which means that a majority of its population has already died off and the rate of birth is lower than the species’death rate. Today, more and more animal and plant species are on the way to extinction because of a variety of major factors that cause a species to become endangered, and as you might expect, humans play a role in quite a few of them — in fact, the biggest threat to endangered animals is human encroachment (侵入) on their habitats.Every species needs a habitat, where an animal finds food, raises its young. Unfortunately, humans destroy animal habitats in a number of different ways: building houses, clearing forests to getlumberand to plant crops, draining rivers to bring water to those crops, and making streets and parking lots.In addition, human development pollutes the environment with all kinds of chemicals, which destroys food sources and shelters for the creatures and plants of that area. As a result, some species die out while others are pushed into areas where they can’t find food and shelters — to make matters worse, when one animal population suffers, it affects many other species in its food web, so more than one species’population is likely to decrease.Habitat destruction is the number one reason for animal endangerment, which is why conservation groups work hard to repair the effects of human developments — many non-profit groups like the Nature Conservancy are taking measures to clean up coastlines and establish nature preserves to prevent further harm to native environments and species around the world.12. A species is considered endangered________.A. when the IUCN has noticed its population changeB. when most of its population has died offC. when the species’ birth rate is close to its death rateD. when the species is losing its habitat13. What does the underlined word “lumber” probably mean?A. Gas.B. Food.C. Chemicals.D. Wood.14. What is being done to protect the endangered species?A. Calling for human development.B. Raising money.C. Establishing nature preserves.D. Educating people.15. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Habitat destruction causes animal endangerment.B. Animals die out due to environment pollution.C. Measures need to be taken to increase species.D. Non-profit groups are making great contributions.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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上海市延安中学2017-2018学年第一学期期末考试高三年级英语试卷（考试时间：120分钟：满分：l50分）第I卷II. Grammar &vocabularySection A (16)Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, each blank with the proper form of the given word For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)The courses of the Essex English Language Program valuable though they were, did not pose a challenge to me. However, during the two weeks there, I still failed on one simple but subtle question, “What else?’’This question was raised by Alex, a teacher from the University of Essex. And I was the ignorant student who blankly stared at the textbook ju.st like my Japanese classmate. In front of me was a picture of the first Ford Model T assembly line. You must have seen similar old pictures, ___25___workers are proudly fixing the bolts and checking car lever.A minute before, Alex asked, "According to the picture, what are the differences between the factories today and back then?""The assembly line was less mechanized then, I promptly answered.Dead silence. I pretended to ponder over the question, but actually I got _26_ in my head. How __27____there be anything else different? Isn't the assembly line an idea so brilliant that it has been passed down without any major changes? It was the Japanese student next to me__28____ broke the silence:"There were no protective devices ___29____ the workers." "Rig ht. There were no protections. What else?" Alex kept digging.Of course! There were no protective devices. How could I have overlooked that? I, for the first time, started to doubt my intellect while___30___ (struggle)with the second "What else?"Shiho, who sat on my left, already had an idea: "There were child laborers." Obviously, there was a kid standing right in front of the camera. What else? Tom found out that there were no women. What else? Now it was Tomomi's turn to point out that the workers seemed to live a___31___ (good) life than now, judging from their clothes. I sat there totally___32____ (beat). There answers were right under my eyes, but I could even spend another day staring at the picture without noticing them.Th e “What else?”question was never about importance. It was about the souls alive behind the cold factsKeys: in which, nothing, could, that, for, struggling, better, beaten(B)A huge fire has engulfed a 63-storey hotel in central Dubai ahead of a New Year’s Eve firework display. ___33_____ the blaze at the Address hotel, the display at the nearby Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world, started as planned at midnight.Officials say the fire ___34_____largely under control and 16 people suffered mostly minor injures. It is unclear ___35_____caused the blaze, which broke out as large crowds had gathered to ring in the New Year. People were asked to leave the area around the Address Downtown Hotel,which was evacuated.As I watched the flames engulf the massive building, I knew right away it was the Address Hotel in Dubai’s downtown district that overlooks Burj Khalifa. I also knew that it was fully booked five years in advance. There were also thousands of people in the streets below and in the adjac ent buildings, all waiting to view the highly anticipated New Year’s Eve fireworks display, ___36_____ them my youngest sister. After checking on my sister, I hastily decided to head out to downtown Dubai in the hope of seeing the scene on the ground for myself.As I approached downtown, I realized that the normally brightly illuminated Burj Khalifa was only half-lit and I could barely see the imposing structure amid the black smoke from the Address Hotel. I did not expect to spend the next four hours right outside the downtown area, in one of the worst traffic jams I have ever encountered. ___37_____the clock struck midnight, I resigned myself to ringing in the New Year among thousands of strangers, all gazing out of our cars towards Burj Khalifa’s spectac ular fireworks display, alongside a burning hotel.It started on the 20th floor, officials said, and had not spread inside the building, they claimed.14 people were believed to ___38_____minor injuries, one moderate injuries and there was one "heart attack case" due to "overcrowding and smoke".Irish singer Anita Williams, who ___39_____at the hotel when the fire began, told the BBC that people left in a "stampede"."We left everything. There was debris falling down. It [the fire] just shot up through the entire hotel."Everybody was screaming, everybody was running... I thought: ’This is___40_____film’." Despite, has been brought ,what ,among ,As,have suffered ,was performing ,aSection B (10)Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only besecond best,together than we can ever be apart. So please – do not break this family apart. In human relations it’s almost never a good thing to turn away from each other, to put up walls, or to __41___ new lines on the map. Why would we take one Great Britain and turn it into __42___ smaller nations? What is that an answer to?How will that help the ambitious young people who want to make their mark on the world or the pensioner who just wants security or the family relying on jobs make in the UK? Let no-one fool you that ‘Yes’ is a __43___ vision. It’s about dividing people; it’s closing doors; it’s about making foreigners of our friends and family. This isn’t an optimisti c vision. The optimistic vision is of our family of nations staying together there for each other in the hard times coming through to better times.We’ve just __44____a great recession together. We’re now moving forward together. The road has been long but it is finally leading upwards and that’s why I ask you to vote No to walking away. V ote No and you are voting for a bigger and broader and better future for Scotland and you are investing in the future for your children and grandchildren. So this is our message to the people of Scotland.We want you to stay. Head and heart and soul, we want you to stay. Please don’t mix up the temporary and the permanent. Please don’t think: I’m __45____ with politics right now, so I’llwalk out the door and never come back.If you don’t like me –I won’t be here forever. If you don’t like this Government –it won’t last forever. But if you leave the UK – that will be forever.Yes, the different parts of the UK don’t always see eye-to-eye.Yes, we need change – and we will deliver it. But to get that change, to get a brighter future, we don’t need to__46____our country apart.In two days, this long campaign will be at an end. And as you stand in the __47____ of the polling booth, I hope you will ask yourself this. Will my family and I truly be better off by going it alone? Will we really be more safe and__48____? Do I really want to turn my back on the rest of Britain, and why is it that so many people across the world are asking: why would Scotland want to do that? Why? And if you don’t know the answer to these questions – then please vote No.At the end of the day, all the arguments of this campaign can be ___49___ to a single fact. We are better together. So as you reach your final decision, please d on’t let anyone tell you that you can’t be a proud Scot and a proud Brit. Don’t lose faith in what this country is – and what we can be. Don’t forget what a great United Kingdom you are part of. Don’t turn your backs on what is the best family of nations in the world and the best hope for your family in this world. So please, from all of us: V ote to __50____ together. Vote to stay. V ote to save our United Kingdom. Key: JGAKD BICEFSection A (15)Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Shoppers on Black Friday, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season in America are notoriously(臭名昭著的)__51__. Some even start queuing outside stores before dawn to be the first to lay their hands on heavily discounted goods. Despite the madness at many stores, __52__, the global economic recession appears to have accelerated the pace at which shoppers are _53_ bricks and mortar(灰浆) in favor of online retailers---e-retailers,E-commerce holds particular __54__ in poor times as it enables people to compare prices across retailers quickly and easily. Buyers can sometimes avoid local sales taxes online, and shipping is often free. No wonder, then，that online shopping continues to grow even as the offline sort __55__.The __56__ in spending to the Internet is good news for companies like P&G that lack retail shops of their own．But it is a big __57___ for physical retailers, whose prices are often higher than those of e-retailers, since they must __58___ the extra expense of running stores.The most obvious response to the growth of e-retailing is for _59_ retailers to redouble their own efforts online. The online arms of big retailers are performing well, _60 _.The concept of “multi-channel” shopping，where people can purchase the same items from the same retailer in several different ways online, is gaining popularity, and retailers are trying to __61 users of one channel to try another.Retailers are also trying to make online shopping seem __62__ and exciting to act against the low economy．One common tactic is to set up “pop—up” stores，which appear for a short time before disappearing again，to develop a sense of novelty and __63__.Stores are also trying to attract customer by offering services that are not _64_ online. Best Buy, a consumer-electronics retailer, has started selling music lessons along with its musical instruments. Lululemon athletica, which sells sports clothes, offers free yoga classes: The idea is to bring people back to its shops _65_, increasing the likelihood that they will develop the habit of shopping there.51. A. positive B. productive C. aggressive D. competitive52. A. moreover B. otherwise C. meanwhile D. however53. A. abandoning B. applying C. foreseeing D. predicting54. A. opinion B. intention C. interest D. appeal55. A. soars B．shrinks C. contracts D. squeeze56. A. shift B. demand C. impact D. pattern57. A. concern B. care C. influence D. contrast58. A. carry B. cease C. bear D. record59. A. additional. B. mysterious C. relevant D. conventional60. A.on their own B. on the whole C. on the contrary D. on the other hand .61. A. encourage B. represent C. stimulate D. allow62. A. solution B. irony C.fun D. vision63.A. emergency B. urgency C. humor D. promotion64. A. available B. expected C. apparent D. incredible65. A. extremely B. regularly C. especially D. properlyCDADB AACDB ACBABSection B (24)Directions:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(绕行路)in life that by the narrow road toward goals. I like this image. But I as quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents’ home in Boise in nine hours. We traveled the way most people do the fastest, shortest easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hates confinement(限制)and have strong opinions about everything.Road trips felt risky, so I would drive fast, stopping only when I had to. We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.But then Banner, our lamb was born. He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise. I had two choices: leave Banner with my husband, or take him with me. My husband made the decision for me.That is how I found myself on the road with four kids, a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through. We took the country roads out of necessity. We had to stop every hour, let Banner shke out his legs and feed him. The kids chased him and one another.They’d get back in the car breathless and energized, smelling fresh from the cold air.We explored side roads, catching grasshoppers in waist-high grass. Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother, or fish leaping out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway. Here was life. And new horizons(见识).We eventually arrived at my parents ‘doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of storiesI grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique. On an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling. I stopped the car, ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead. I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight. But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey----and the best part of yourself.66. Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents ‘home?A. It was less timeB. It would be faster and saferC. Her kids would feel less confinedD. She felt better with other drivers nearby67. What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6?A. Freeways are where beauty hides.B. Getting close to nature adds to the joy of lifeC. Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one’s healthD. One should follow side roads to watch wild animals68. What could be the best title for the passage?A. Charm of the DetourB. The Road to BraveryC. Creativity out of NecessityD. Road trip and Country LifeBBA(B)Detailed Guidance on Analytical FeaturesThe definition of an analytical featureHard news is the kind of fast-paced news that usually appears in newspapers, magazines and some other mediums. Because each story in only relevant for a short time, writing must be concise and without excessive detail..Like a hard news story, an analytical feature also appears in newspapers; magazines or on the Web. However, an analytical feature covers a topic in some depth. It examines important issues or events in details, and provides more interpretation and background information for readers than hard news. Writing an analytical feature means looking for patterns, motives and outcomes that explain the event issue or problem.An analytical feature should be based on an investigation of documents in the public domain-archives, libraries, scholarship, or local offices-and an interview with people with knowledge related to the topic.Step-by-step guide to feature writing1. Select a topic2. Make a list of preliminary questions to establish what needs to be known about the topic. Ffere are some of the basic questions that a feature addresses.●What is the problem?●What institutions and people are involved?●What is the standpoint?●What causes the problem?●What are the possible consequences?3. List your sources--people: institutions, documents, books, articles that are likely to provide information and answers to your questions.4. Refine your questions decide what you are going to look for in the written documents and what you are going to ask your potential sources.5. Arrange your appointments, interviews or are, archival searches in a logical order, following the plan for your basic questions.6. Conduct interviews Ly what information you are trying to get from each source.7. Write and outline that sets up the structure of the feature.8. Go back to your notes, organize information, compare and contrast data, analyze material, identify missing information, expand the list of sources, and conduct new interviews.9. Write the featureAnalytical feature structureTHE INTRO: The most important function of the introduction is to make the readers want to read on.THE BODY OF THE FEATURE: The content of the feature will vary depending on the subject matter, style of publication, supposed interests of the readers and intentions of the journals. The following points are what you should include in the body of your feature.●Facts—include the mat appropriate points throughout the text rather than in chunks,●Quotes-can bring writing to life, inject authority and powerful expression into the piece.Think carefully which bits of your research to quote and which bits to translate into your own words, as the simple facts of a story do not normally need to be told through direct quotes.●Description—Let the readers see what you are seeing, show rather than tell. Analysis-can be provided by experts who have conducted relevant research, but it may also be provided by ordinary people with direct knowledge and involvement. Your own analysis of the topic should be based on extensive research and supported by evidence.THL ENDING: Aim to provide a rounded ending of the text either in the form of a summary, a quote or a return to the scene of the introduction.69. The guidance on analytical features is most probably taken from _ ?A. a book on news writingB. a movie scriptC. a school admission brochureD. a book on interview preparation70. Unlike a hard news story, an analytical feature __________________.A. only published in in-depth magazines, instead of in newspapers or on websitesB. investigates issues or events behind the newsC. interprets issues or events clearly and concisely without excessive detailD. covers a couple of topics71. Before you write analytical feature, you should do all the following EXCEPT_ __?A. preparing the questions for your interviewsB. writing a short summary of the main points of the featureC. sorting out and analyzing the information and data you collectedD. filming and recording the issue or event you want to investigate72. When you write the body of an analytical feature, you should_ ?A. summarize the main idea of the featureB. be in agreement with me opening paragraphC. introduce the topic of the featureD. analyze the topic based on your researchABDD(C)Most of us know to stay low to the floor if we're caught in a fire, or head to the basement if a tornado's coming, or board up the windows in a hurricane. But, because relatively few of us live along fault lines, the massive earthquake that hit Haiti this month was a reminder that we're far less versed on what to do when the ground below us convulses. If we're in a house or building, for example, our first impulse might be to run outside —but, counterintuitive as it might sound, experts warn against that since people are too often killed by falling or fallen debris as they try to escape.Given how many us travel in quake-prone regions today —including, tragically, the four students and two professors from Lynn University in Florida who perished in the Haiti quake —even folks who don't reside in California should know how to survive a temblor. But there are two different, and at times competing, schools of thought on the matter —both of which are considered valid but perhaps not always in the same situations.The most conventional and widely accepted by the disaster-response community, is the "drop, cover and hold on" approach, which urges people to take cover beneath something like a heavy table to avoid falling objects. The second, newer method is known as "the triangle of life." It recommends lying down in a fetal position not under but next to furniture; as roofs and walls collapse atop those sofas and desks, buffer spaces are created that protect people from being crushed.Over the past decade, a consensus has been building that "drop, cover and hold on" is a more appropriate method for developed countries like the U.S., where improved construction has greatly reduced the likelihood of structures imploding. The triangle of life is thought to be more pertinent in developing nations like Haiti, where shoddy building codes make finding a "survivable void" inside collapsed buildings more important than shielding yourself from falling chandeliers. "You have to think about the hazard level of the area you're in," says Gary Patterson, a geologist and director of education and outreach at the Center for Earthquake Research & Information at the University of Memphis in Tennessee. "If you're going to play the odds, drop-and-cover may be the best way to go, but a lot of emergency responders might say triangle-of-life because they're the ones who see the fatalities in buildings that do collapse."73. By saying "relatively few of us live lines"(the underline), the author means that most of us__________?A. make mistakes when facing emergenciesB. can deal with emergencies in a proper wayC. are seldom bothered by massive earthquakesD. hardly know what to do in an earthquake74. What do most people take as “counter-instinctive” when there is an earthquake?A. That people run outside impulsively.B. That experts warn against running outside,C. That experts warn again trying to escape.D. That people are often killed by falling objects.75. What did the four students and two professors from Lynn University in Florida go to Haiti for?A. To study earthquakes.B. To help rescue work.C. To be on personal trip.D. To be on business trip.76. The new method differs from the conventional method in that former believes that__________________.A. people don't need to take overB. people don't need heavy furnitureC. furniture collapses when roofs and walls fallD. furniture can uphold the fallen roofs and walls77. As for which method to choose in an earthquake, Gary Patterson suggests basing the choice on.A. your whereaboutsB. the intensity of the earthquakeC. the "drop, cover and hold on" approachD. the “triangle of life approach”CBCDASection C (8)Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.In this era, we're raised to try new things and enjoy life's endless possibilities.lt seems as if the more complex and concentrated our intellectual efforts are, the further and richer our life would be.This striving for fullness and variety: however, has always prompted a counter-desire toward simplicity. As American writer Henry David Thoreau put it: "As you simplify your life, the laws of the universe will be simpler. [Loneliness] will not be [loneliness]; poverty will not be poverty, nor weakness, weakness.’’Today, the most popular simplicity movement is to tidy up one's living areas. Cleaning out the closets and wardrobes has become a habit for many. It is a search for calmness, a blow against stress, and a longing for a beauty that is found by getting rid of what is not beautiful.The second big tendency in today's simplicity movement involves mental purity. Many of us are on a wireless hamster-wheel. Something special like a dinner party or a museum visit is spoiled when your mind is on your screen or in five places at once. So, there's a mass movement to regain control of your own attention, to set priorities about what you will think about, and to see fewer things but to see them more deeply.There's clearly some process of discovery in leading a simpler life. You first choose your identity by adding things to your life, but later, you update your identity by throwing away what you think is no longer useful, true and beautiful. One simplicity expert advised people to take all the book off their shelves and throw them on the floor. Only put back the books that you truly value.That's an exercise in realizing your favorite tastes and beliefs, in identifying things that matter most in your life. People who do this may instinctively be seeking higher forms of simplicity: being faultless with words, cautious but strong with their commitments, disciplined about their time and selective their friendships.In a world of rich materialism and abundant opportunities, many people are clearly learning who they are by choosing what they can do without.NOTE: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN FOURTEEN WORDS78. People's striving for fullness and variety in life in this era, however, has always inspired a counter-desire toward simplicity.79. Tidying up one's living areas and mental purity are the two big tendencies in today's simplicity movement.80. According to the article, the second step in the process of discovery in leading a simpler life involves updating your identity by throwing away what you think is no longer useful, true and beautiful.81. What is the benefit of people's seeking simplicity in their lives?Realizing your favorite tastes and beliefs and identifying things that matter most in your life.第II卷（47）I. Translation (22)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given the brackets.82.这件物品的价值远高于我付的价钱。