美国文学赏析

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美国文学教程：欣赏与评析

美国文学教程：欣赏与评析
美国文学是美国文化的重要组成部分，它深刻地反映了美国的历史、社会、文化和政治。

美国文学教程可以帮助学生了解美国文学的不同历史时期，欣赏和评析美国文学作品，以及学习美国文学的主要流派和文体。

首先，美国文学教程应该介绍美国文学的历史渊源，从美国的早期历史到现代文学，介绍美国文学的发展历程，以及美国文学的特点。

学生可以学习到美国文学的不同流派，如自然主义、现实主义、浪漫主义等，以及它们的特点。

其次，美国文学教程应该介绍美国文学的主要作品，包括小说、散文、诗歌、戏剧等，以及美国文学的著名作家，如爱德华·詹姆斯、梭罗、海明威等。

学生可以学习到美国文学作品
的欣赏和评析方法，以及美国文学作品的主要主题和内容。

最后，美国文学教程应该教授学生如何运用文学手法，如讽刺、比喻、拟人等，以及如何分析文学作品的结构、情节、人物和主题。

学生可以学习到如何通过文学作品来反映社会现实，以及如何用文学的方式抒发自己的情感。

美国文学马克吐温及其作品赏析 Mark Twain

movement. The truthful depiction of the common people added strength to the Realism which Howells championed with James and Mark Twain.
2. The local spirit continues to inspire and fertilize the
求自由，反对腐朽的黑奴制度的主题。美国著名作家海明威说，“一切
现代美国文学来自一本书，即马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》„„这是我们所有书中最好的。一切美国文学都来自这本书，在它
之前，或在它之后，都不曾有过能与之媲美的作品。”
Major Themes
slavery and racism. in the novel, by exposing the hypocrisy of
1889
B. 1870s-90s: later works become darker and more obscure,
showing his discontent and disappointment toward the social
reality.
The Gilded Age 1873 Life on Mississippi 1883 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 1876 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1886
Mark Twain (1835-1910)
Local Colorism (Regionalism)
As a literary trend, local colorism first appeared in the late

美国文学史诗歌重点赏析

• （牧羊人对此仍喜爱
shepherd still admires) 如初），
The children of the forest played.
• 林中的孩子们游戏玩耍。
• There oft a restless Indian queen, (Pale Sheba, with her braided hair) And many a barbarous form is seen To chide the man that lingers there.
美国文学史诗歌重点赏析
Ideas on poetry writing
Emily Dickinson seemed to consider poetry writing as a private thing. When she was in her early twenties, she began to write poetry. Sometimes she would send her poems with letters to her friends. But she never approved of publishing her poems, for she thought, “Publication is the auction of the mind of man.” So she kept her poems to herself throughout the life. She did not regard herself as a poet. But in her opinion, a poet’s responsibility is to use concrete images to present abstract ideas. Her poems are terse and suggestive.

美国文学期末考试作品赏析

美国文学期末考试作品赏析The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.1.what is the location of this story?2.the atmosphere and the history of this area?3.who is the protagonist of this story?4.what is the main conflict?"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" is a short story by Washington Irving contained in his collection The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., written while he was living in Birmingham, England, and first published in 1820. With Irving's companion piece "Rip Van Winkle", "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" is among the earliest examples of American fiction still read today.The story is set circa 1790 in the Dutch settlement of Tarry Town, New York, in a secluded glen called Sleepy Hollow. It tells the story of Ichabod Crane, a lean, lanky, and extremely superstitious schoolmaster from Connecticut, who competes with Abraham "Brom Bones" Van Brunt, the town rowdy, for the hand of 18-year-old Katrina Van Tassel, the daughter and sole child of a wealthy farmer. As Crane leaves a party he attended at the Van Tassel home on an autumn night, he is pursued by the Headless Horseman, who is supposedly the ghost of a Hessian trooper who had his head shot off by a stray cannonball during "some nameless battle" of the American Revolutionary War, and who "rides forth to the scene of battle in nightly quest of his head". Ichabod mysteriously disappears from town, leaving Katrina to marry Brom Bones, who was "to look exceedingly knowing whenever the story of Ichabod was related".The dénouement of the fictional tale is set at the bridge over the Pocantico River in the area of the Old Dutch Church andBurying Ground in Sleepy Hollow. The characters of Ichabod Crane and Katrina Van Tassel may have been based on local residents known to the author. The character of Katrina is thought to have been based upon Eleanor Van Tassel Brush, in which case her name is derived from that of Eleanor's aunt Catriena Ecker Van Tessel.Although Irving knew an army colonel named Ichabod Crane from Staten Island, New York (who was also once the Commanding Officer of Lieutenant Stonewall Jackson), the character in "The Legend" may have been patterned after Jesse Merwin, who taught at the local schoolhouse in Kinderhook, further north along the Hudson River, where Irving spent several months in 1809.the wild honey suckle 的分析《野金银花》是Freneau在南卡罗莱纳州查尔斯顿散步时，看到一簇幽生的金银花，于是便有感而发，将这首短诗一气呵成。

美国文学赏析整理

一I heard the merry grasshopper then sing,The black-clad cricket bear a second part, They kept one tune, and played on the same string,Seeming to glory in their little art.Shall creatures abject thus their voices raise And in their kind resound their m aker’s praise,Whilst I, as mute, can warble forth no higher lays“Under the cooling shadow of a stately Elm, Close state I by a goodly River’s side, Where gliding streams the Rocks did overwhelm;A lonely place with pleasures dignifi’d.I once that lov’d the shady woods so well, Now thought the rivers did the trees excel, And if the sun would ever shine there would I dwell.“While musing thus with contemplation fed, And thousand fancies buzzing in my brain, The sweet tongu’d Philomel percht o’er my head,And chanted forth a most melodious strain, Which rapt me so with wonder and delight,I judg’d my hearing better than my sight.题目：the 9th of Contemplations作者：Anne Bradstreet赏析：1. Rhyme royal: sevenline iambic petametre 七行五步抑扬格2. Rhyme: ababccc3. Theme: religion4. 象征：black-clad=death; abject=admitting defeat; maker= god5. A genuine expression of poetic feeling in the presence of nature. The poem offers the reader an insight into the mentality of the early Puritan pioneering in a new world. The poet heard the grasshopper and the cricket sing, and she searched for her own soul accordingly.6. She saw sth metaphysical inhering in the physical, a mode of perception which was singularly Puritan二It was about this time I conceived the bold and arduous project of arriving at moral perfection.I wished to live without committing any fault at any time; I would conquer all that either natural inclination, custom, or company might lead me into. As I knew, or thought I knew, what was right and wrong, I did not see why I might not always do the one and avoid the other. But I soon found I had undertaken a task of more difficulty than I had imagined. While my care was employed in guarding against one fault, I was often surprised by another; habit took the advantage of inattention; inclination was sometimes too strong for reason. I concluded, at length, that the mere speculative conviction that it was our interest to be completely virtuous was not sufficient to prevent our slipping and that the contrary habits must be broken, and good ones acquired and established, before we can have any dependence on a steady, uniform rectitude of conduct. For this purpose I therefore contrived the following method.In the various enumerations of the moral virtues I had met with in my reading, I found the catalog more or less numerous, as different writers included more or fewer ideas under the same name. Temperance, for example, was by some confined to eating and drinking, while by others it was extended to mean the moderating every other pleasure, appetite, inclination, or passion bodily or mental, even to our avarice and ambition, I proposed to myself, for the sake of clearness, to use rather more names, with fewer ideas annexed to each, than a few names with more ideas; and I included under thirteen names of virtues all that at that time occurred to me as necessary or desirable, and annexed to each a short precept, which fully expressed the extent I gave to its meaning.题目：Autobiography作者：Benjamin Franklin赏析：1. One of Benja min Franklin’s literary successes. 1771-1788, incomplete when hedied.2. Purpose: to make the experience of his own career, the conduct and habit of life which had led to success in his own case, a source of help and inspiration to others.3. The story of his struggles, errors, experiments with himself, accomplishment.4. Wonderful frankness & extreme simplicity三“God knows, I’m not myself—I’m somebody else—… and I’m changed, and I can’t tell what’s my name, or who I am.”RipDame Van Winkle题目：Rip Van Winkle作者：Washington Irving赏析：1. Rip: self-centered, careless, anti-intellectual, imaginative, and holly as the overgrown child. He symbolizes the immature America.2. Dame Van Winkle (Rip’s wife): symbolizes the puritanical discipline and the work ethic of Franklin.3. Why sleep 20 yearsPurpose: to show us clearly the conflicts and dreams of the nations—the conflict of innocence and experience, work and leisure, the old and the new, the head and the heart. It is also to tell us that a man who has looked toward the beginning of civilization in America can make a choice in his analysis of his own life.4. Inevitably changing America.四A subtle chain of countless rings,The next unto the farthest brings;The eye reads omens where it goes,And speaks all languages the rose;And, striving to be man, the worm,Mounts through all the spires of form.题目： Nature作者： Ralph Waldo Emerson赏析：1. Transcendentalism2. Prose: casual style (derived fromhis journals or lectures);Characterized by a series of short, declarative sentences, which are quite logically connected but will flower out into illustrative statements of truth and thoughts.Comparisons and metaphors to make the general ideas of his works clearly expressed.Employ literary sources to make and enrich his own points but never let them take the full reins of his discussion.五Hester Prynne 女主角Roger Chillingworth 女主角的丈夫Arthur Dimmesdale 牧师。

英美文学作品赏析

英美文学作品赏析英美文学作品是世界文学中的重要组成部分，有着独特的文化内涵和艺术风格。

以下是几个经典英美文学作品的赏析：1.《傲慢与偏见》《傲慢与偏见》是英国作家简·奥斯汀的代表作之一，是一部浪漫爱情小说。

小说主要讲述了年轻、美貌、聪明的伊丽莎白·班纳特和富家公子达西之间的故事。

这部小说将绅士风度、家族荣誉、社交礼仪等方面的观念描绘得十分逼真和深刻。

2.《麦田里的守望者》《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J.D.塞林格的代表作之一，也是20世纪美国文学的经典之作。

小说主人公霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德在校园里的种种遭遇中，受到了现实的打击，他失去了对未来的信心，最终选择了离开学校。

小说以青年的视角，生动地反映了当时美国社会的精神恐慌和对青年的关注和热爱。

3.《唐吉诃德》《唐吉诃德》是西班牙作家米格尔·德·塞万提斯的代表作之一，也是世界文学史上最重要的小说之一。

这部小说以一个骑士形象展开了一系列荒诞而幽默的冒险故事，描绘了骑士精神中的理想、信仰、勇气和忠诚等方面的特点。

作者用轻松幽默的笔调，将普通人的奋斗和追求娓娓道来，让读者在欢笑之余，也深深地感受到了生命的意义。

4.《百年孤独》《百年孤独》是哥伦比亚作家加西亚·马尔克斯的代表作之一，是一部魔幻现实主义小说。

小说主要讲述了布恩迪亚家族七代人的故事，涵盖了哥伦比亚社会、政治、经济等多个方面的历史变迁和发展。

这部小说以其独特的文学风格和奇幻的叙事手法，成功地塑造了一幅梦幻般的哥伦比亚社会图景，它深刻地揭示了人类内心世界的各种冲突和矛盾。

以上是几个经典英美文学作品的赏析，每一部作品都有其独特的价值和意义，值得我们去阅读和了解。

美国文学赏析

Ezra Pound (埃兹拉▪庞德)In a Station of the MetroThe apparition of these faces in the crowd;人群中这些面孔幽灵般闪现Petals on a wet,black bough、湿漉漉的黑色枝条上的众多花瓣1、Why does the poet call the faces of pedestrians "apparition"? These pedestrians are all walking in a hurry amidst the drizzling rain、2.What do "petals" and "bough" stand for?Petals refer to the faces while the bough stands for the floating crowd、Robert Frost(1)Fire and IceSome say the world will end in fire, 有人说世界将终结于火,Some say in ice、有人说就是冰。

From what I’ve tasted of desire, 从我尝过的欲望之果I hold with those who favor fire、我赞同倾向于火之说。

But if it had to perish twice, 但若它非得两度沉沦I think I know enough of hate、我想我对仇恨了解也够多To know that for destruction ice 可以说要就是去毁灭,Is also great 冰也不错,And would suffice、应该也行。

1、What are the symbolic meanings of fire in this poem?Fire symbolizes natural disaster, human passion, as well as war、2.Why does the speaker say that ice is also great for destruction? Explain what ice stands for here、Ice, oppose to fire, is also a dreadful natural disaster in this world, and ice is always related to indifference, coldness, hatred, and the other negative sentiments of human beings、3、What is your opinion about fire and ice? Which one is more destructive?Both fire and ice can destroy this beautiful world if they are beyond control of human beings、Therefore we should be open-minded and reduce our prejudice and pride so as to keep this world in peace、(2)Stopping By Woods On a Snowy Evening1、In your opinion, what was the reason that made the speaker stop by the woods on a snowy evening?The poet was deeply attracted by the natural beauty of the scene at that very moment、2.Why did the horse give the harness bell a shake?The horse grew impatient by stopping in the middle of the dark, cold woods at midnight、It was eager to go home、3.Why couldn't the speaker stay longer by the woods to appreciate its mysterious beauty?He realized that it was late at night and he would have to hurry home to get some food and sleep, because the next morning he would have a lot of work to do、4、What is the effect of repetition in the last two lines?The refrain-like repetition in the last two lines reminds the reader a simple fact of life: whatever happens, one must go forward in the journey of his or her life、5 stanza,16lines,Rhyme(押韵格式):aaba bbcb ccdc dddd翻译:Whose woods these are I think I know 我知道林子的主人就是谁,His house is in the village though、虽村落就是她所居之地。

安徽财经大学美国文学鉴赏

美国文学鉴赏作业姓名：学号：班级：电话：我对《飘》的赏析首先介绍一下《飘》这部作品吧！《飘》是美国女作家玛格丽特·米切尔的作品，也是惟一的作品。

小说以亚特兰大以及附近的一个种植园为故事场景，描绘了内战前后美国南方人的生活。

作品刻画了那个时代的许多南方人的形象，占中心位置的斯佳丽、瑞德、艾希礼、梅勒妮等人是其中的典型代表。

他们的习俗礼仪、言行举止、精神观念、政治态度，通过对斯佳丽与白瑞德的爱情纠缠为主线，成功地再现了林肯领导的南北战争，美国南方地区的社会生活。

每个人读这部作品可能都会有不同的体会，正如“一千个人眼中，有一千个哈姆雷特”一样，《飘》就是有这样的魅力。

一个人，处于人生的不同阶段看同一本书同一个角色，观感也会有所不同。

每次看《飘》，每次都有不同的收获。

刚开始看的时候，讨厌虚荣爱出风头的斯佳丽，喜欢纯洁善良的梅勒妮，不喜欢油腔滑调的瑞德，喜欢温文尔雅的艾希礼，喜欢南方如画的景致和田园牧歌式的生活，不喜欢北方的浮华和放荡。

《飘》是一部以美国南北战争为历史背景、以南方的社会生活为生活环境的全景社会小说。

小说全面展现美国南方社会风貌以及各色人物在巨大的社会变革中的命运变迁，通过展现不同人物在混乱复杂的社会环境中的命运变化，揭示了不同的性格所必然走向的不同的命运安排。

作者运用女性所特有的观察视角，细微而又深刻地描写了以斯佳丽为中心人物，以瑞德、梅勒妮和艾希礼为主要性格人物的社会活动，通过他们的社会活动，展现了纷繁复杂的社会画面，以及他们各自不同的命运走向。

在以往小说创作中，作者习惯于塑造性格单一且突出的人物，即正面人物则性格光辉伟大，没有丝毫缺点，而负面人物则通常充满了阴暗狡诈、冷酷无情的性格本质，性格区别塑造的十分分明。

而《飘》却打破了这种描述方式，小说所呈现出的人物形象都是正负两方面性格的组合体，这种性格组合既圆润而生动的变现了每个人物的性格特征，又在深层次中揭示了社会巨变所带个人的一种改变。

欧美文学经典赏析

欧美文学经典——人类宝贵的文化遗产•一：“浪漫主义”•浪漫主义，文艺的基本创作方法之一，与现实主义同为文学艺术上的两大主要思潮。

作为创作方法，它在反映客观上侧重于从主观内心世界出发，抒发对理想世界的热烈追求，常用热情奔放的语言、瑰丽的想象和夸张的手法来塑造形象。

•浪漫主义(Romanticism)一词来源于中世纪各国用拉丁文演变的方言(Roman)所写的“浪漫传奇”(Romance)，即英雄史诗和骑士传奇、骑士抒情诗。

•后来浪漫主义运动开始奉这些富于幻想、传奇色彩的文学题材和风格形式为典范。

•1、产生背景•社会政治：法国大革命、欧洲各国民主运动和民族解放运动，进步与混乱灾难并存的局面。

工业化的弊端。

•哲学思想：以康德等为代表的德国超验哲学对天才、灵感、自我、精神的强调重视以及法国空想社会主义思想。

•文学：在与古典主义斗争中吸收了以前文学的一些经验，如18世纪英国感伤主义文学、卢梭的作品、歌德的“狂飙突进”之作《少年维特的烦恼》等。

•2、基本特征：着重于表现作家的主观理想，抒发强烈的个人感情，重视诗歌，重视想象。

•浪漫主义诗人想要恢复人的丰富多彩的情感生活，让炽热的激情、自由的想象来抗拒工业文明、科学理性对人的精神世界的挤迫。

•用大自然来对照资本主义文明和现实,着力描写和歌咏大自然。

将大自然看作是一种神秘力量，或某种精神境界的象征，突出描写人和自然景物在思想感情上的共鸣，用自然的美来对照社会的丑，以自然启迪人生并拯救灵魂。

湖畔诗人瓦尔登湖•重视中世纪民间文学。

中世纪民间文学不受古典主义的束缚，想象丰富，感情真挚，表达自由，语言通俗，是各国传统的民族文学的精华。

•对民间文学的借鉴和重视，不仅对革新文学的内容和形式起了重大作用，同时也反映出作家的民族意识和民主思想的增强。

•德、英的浪漫主义文学运动就是从搜集、整理中世纪民间文学如民歌、民间传说、童话等开始的。

题材手法等奇特、非凡、夸张，追求强烈的艺术效果。

美国浪漫主义文学评论

一、文学特征：1、environment：①shaped by their New World environment美洲大陆新环境②array of ideas inherited from the romantic traditions of Europe.欧洲早期浪漫主义思潮2、美国文学特点:pluralistic多元化，manifestations表现形式: Varied多样, Individualistic个人主义,Conflicting矛盾3、romanticism的特点：frequently shared certain general characteristics; moral enthusiasm, faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, and a presumption that the natural world was a source of goodness and man’s societies a source of corruption.浪漫主义之间大部分是相通的，都注重道德，强调个人主义价值观和直觉感受，并且认为自然是美的源头，人类社会是腐败之源。

★4、transcendentalism超验主义：①as a moral philosophy, transcendentalism was neither logical nor systematized. It exalted feeling over reason, individual expression over the restraints of law and custom. 不讲逻辑，不讲系统，只强调超越理性的感受，超越法律和世俗束缚的个人表达。

②they spoke for cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of American society.呼吁文化复兴，反对美国社会的拜金主义。

美国文学-文学诗歌期末考试赏析

Emily Dickinson (1830-1886)I’m Nobody!Are you Nobody too?Then there’s a pair of us!Don’t tell, they’d banish us, you know!How dreary to be Somebody!How public—like a Frog—To tell your name the livelong JuneTo an admiring Bog!The author uses the first narration to have a secret talk with the readers. The theme of the talk is the fame burden. The author is happy that she is nobody and asked the reader not to unclose her identity. She is satisfied with her current life.The theme of the poem is that to live a peaceful life with no fame is a wise idea. The complicated society is not fit for the author.Simile :“How public—like a frog…”The author compares the public person or somebody to frogs, they have no freedom, hypocritical and have to share with others their own thingsQuestions1.Who are the “pair of us” and “they” in this poem?2.What does “an admiring bog” really mean?3.What is the theme of this poem?4.Do you want to be “nobody” or “somebody”? Explain your reasons.Ezra Pound (1885—1972)In a Station of the MetroThe apparition of these faces in the crowd;Petals on a wet, black bough人群中这些面庞的闪现；人群中，这些面孔的鬼影；湿漉的黑树干上的花瓣。

美国红字文学作品赏析

学习美国文学学会鉴赏作品选修课论文美国文学作品赏析——《红字》主要人物及中心简单赏析摘要：作为19世纪前半期美国最伟大的浪漫主义小说家，纳撒尼尔•霍桑。

而其代表作《红字》更已成为世界文学经典，引人深思，向人们展示了一场北美殖民地时期的恋爱悲剧，主人公海兰丝白兰、牧师丁梅斯代尔以及他们的女儿珠儿、医生奇灵渥斯，在他们之间展开的故事体现了当时法典的残酷、宗教的欺骗和充满罪恶的社会。

关键字：原罪；救赎；罪恶；宗教；人性对于作者霍桑本人，他被评为一个生活的旁观者，而这一人生态度，决定了他对人的内心、心理活动的兴趣和洞察力。

他深受“原罪”思想的影响，而且“原罪”代代相传，因而倡导人们以善行来洗刷罪恶，净化心灵。

他自由性格孤高自许，顾虑多疑，童年的不幸和生活氛围使他内心有一种“痛苦的孤独感”，幼年丧父的他寄养在他笃信基督教的清教的外公家，宗教的狂热和宗教的教条所带来的人性的摧残、对人尊严的践踏，都对霍桑产生了深远影响。

他对社会改革毫无兴趣，对资本主义经济迅速发展也无法理解。

因此他的绝大部分作品是以殖民地时期残酷的宗教统治为背景，描写了人们的精神世界、思想意识矛盾和宗教主义压迫下的悲惨遭遇。

他自始至终都没有放弃改造社会、改造人心的企图。

他的大部分小说都有着比较明显的一个倾向，即对人类灵魂深处执着的探索和由此而产生的深沉的忧思。

他更关心的是造成罪恶现实的根本原因①。

霍桑的代表作《红字》的开篇一章《狱门》，映入眼帘的一句话：“新殖民地的开拓者们，不管他们的头脑中起初有什么关于人类品德和幸福的美妙理解，总要在各种实际需要的草创之中，忘不了划出一片未开垦的处女地充当墓地，再划出另一片土地来修建监狱。

”这表明了霍桑的基本态度：人人皆有罪，罪恶与人类如影相随。

从小说中塑造的人物形象来看，也证实了这一点：无论是海丝特·白兰这样的殉道者，还是像罗杰·齐灵渥斯那样畸形毒辣的人；无论是身处要职的州长、受人尊敬的牧师丁梅斯代尔，还是刑台前的普通看客，几乎每个人都是有罪的。

美国文学史期末考试-诗歌赏析

Philip FreneauThe Wild Honeysuckle野忍冬花美好的花呀，你长得，这么秀丽，却藏身在这僻静沉闷的地方-——甜美的花儿开了却没人亲昵，招展的小小枝梢也没人观赏；没游来荡去的脚把你踩碎,没东攀西摘的手来催你落泪。

大自然把你打扮得一身洁白，她叫你避开庸俗粗鄙的目光,她布置下树荫把你护卫起来，又让潺潺的柔波淌过你身旁；你的夏天就这样静静地消逝，这时候你日见萎蔫终将安息。

那些难免消逝的美使我销魂，想起你未来的结局我就心疼，别的那些花儿也不比你幸运-——虽开放在伊甸园中也已凋零，无情的寒霜再加秋风的威力,会叫这花朵消失得一无踪迹。

朝阳和晚露当初曾把你养育，让你这小小的生命来到世上，原来若乌有，就没什么可失去，因为你的死让你同先前一样;这来去之间不过是一个钟点-—-这就是脆弱的花享有的天年。

（黄皋炘译）CommentaryThe short lyric was written in 1786。

Freneau was inspired by the beauty of the wild honey suckle when he was walking at Chaeleston，South Carolina. It was virtually unread in the poet's lifetime, yet it deserves a place among major English and American works of poetry of that time。

This is one of the most quoted works of Freneau。

Generally speaking, it is the best of Freneau’s poems, and the best poem on nature before the appearance of the verses of William Cullen Bryant, William Wordsworth，and Ralph Waldo Emerson’s The Rhodora。

英美文学赏析

英美文学赏析英美文学是世界文学史上的重要组成部分，涵盖了广泛的文学流派和作品。

以下是一些英美文学中的经典作品和赏析：威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）：莎士比亚是英国文学史上最伟大的戏剧家之一。

他的作品涵盖了悲剧、喜剧和历史剧等多种类型。

莎士比亚的作品深入探讨了人性、权力和爱情等主题，如《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《麦克白》等。

简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen）：奥斯汀是19世纪英国小说家，她的作品以社交风尚和婚姻为主题，揭示了当时贵族阶层的生活和价值观。

奥斯汀的作品充满了幽默和洞察力，其中最著名的作品包括《傲慢与偏见》和《爱玛》。

查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens）：狄更斯是维多利亚时代最重要的小说家之一，他的作品描绘了工业化时代的社会问题和人性的复杂性。

狄更斯的作品充满了丰富的人物描写和社会讽刺，如《雾都孤儿》和《双城记》。

威廉·福克纳（William Faulkner）：福克纳是美国南方文学的代表作家，他的作品以南方的历史、种族和家庭问题为背景。

福克纳的作品以其复杂的叙事结构和意识流的运用而闻名，如《喧哗与骚动》和《押沙龙，押沙龙！》。

弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德（F. Scott Fitzgerald）：菲茨杰拉德是20世纪美国文学的重要代表之一，他的作品描绘了上流社会的虚荣和堕落。

他最著名的作品是《了不起的盖茨比》，这部小说深入探索了美国梦的破灭和社会阶层的固化。

以上只是英美文学中的一小部分经典作品，每位作家的作品都值得深入探索和赏析。

通过阅读和研究这些作品，我们可以更好地理解和欣赏英美文学的丰富性和影响力。

英美文学：浪漫主义文学经典作品欣赏

英美文学：浪漫主义文学经典作品欣赏"文学是灵魂的窗口，经典作品是那扇引领我们进入美好世界的大门。

在英美文学中，浪漫主义作品无疑是探索人性、情感和社会的重要篇章。

通过欣赏这些经典作品，我们可以领略到浪漫主义的精髓和魅力。

本文将带你深入探索英美文学中的浪漫主义作品，一同品味这些文学瑰宝的情感和思想的奇迹。

"引言人类灵魂早在文明的破晓时就向往着美好和浪漫，人们对于理想和遥远的东西总是充满着向往和渴望。

于是，浪漫主义文学应运而生。

浪漫主义以个人感情、自然界的宏伟和人性的完美为核心，追求纯粹、真实和渴望的情感体验。

英美文学中的浪漫主义作品通过其丰富多样的情感和引人入胜的故事，引领读者走进了那个神秘而奇妙的世界。

下面我们将深入探索英美文学中的浪漫主义经典作品，一同欣赏这些文学佳作。

威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）作为英国文学史上最伟大的作家之一，威廉·莎士比亚的作品充满了浪漫主义的精神。

他的悲剧作品《罗密欧与朱丽叶》被誉为浪漫主义文学的象征之一。

这部作品以两个年轻人的爱情为主线，表达了对于纯真爱情和个人意愿的追求。

爱情的力量《罗密欧与朱丽叶》通过巧妙的情节、精彩的对白和深刻的人物刻画，展现了爱情的力量。

无论是罗密欧还是朱丽叶都为了爱情不顾一切，他们的爱情不仅战胜了两个家族之间的仇恨，也超越了物质和社会的束缚。

这种对爱情的追求和牺牲精神让人们对纯美爱情充满了向往和渴望。

个人意愿的对抗《罗密欧与朱丽叶》还揭示了个人意愿与社会压力之间的冲突。

罗密欧与朱丽叶来自两个敌对的家族，他们的爱情必然会遭遇到巨大的阻力。

然而，他们勇敢地与社会的规范和家族的期望作斗争，坚持自己的爱情，最终选择了共同的悲剧结局。

这个故事提醒我们要勇敢面对自己的内心声音，坚持个人意愿，而不是被外界的压力所左右。

简·奥斯丁（Jane Austen）简·奥斯丁是英国文学史上最受欢迎的女作家之一，她的作品以浪漫主义情感为基石，以描绘中产阶级日常生活为背景。

第8章 19世纪美国文学《外国文学经典作品赏析》

詹姆斯·费尼莫·库柏（1789—1851）被称为“美国的司各特”。他的作品大多取材于美国的本土生活，也关注西部边疆题材和航海题材等领域。1823 年，作家出版了小说《开拓者》，作品关注的是西部印第安人，展示了美国人开拓奋斗的精神。这部小说和《最后的莫希干人》（1826）、《草原》（1827）、《探路者》（1840）、《打鹿将》（1841）四部小说一同构成了“皮袜子五部曲”，也代表了其小说创作的最高成就。
19世纪美国文学 —— 概述
埃德加·爱伦·坡（1809—1849）是美国哥特式小说和侦探小说的创始人。他的创作风格独树一帜，反对文学的功利化，提倡“为艺术而艺术”。他的诗歌既优美又神秘，其诗论对法国象征主义诗歌产生了重大的影响。
法国象征主义诗人波德莱尔是爱伦·坡的权威译者，在创作上深受爱伦·坡启发，其诗歌代表作为诗集《乌鸦和其他诗篇（1845）、短篇小说集《述异集》（1840），以死亡为创作主题，描写超自然的恐怖、尸体和腐朽，具有一定的神秘色彩。
19世纪美国文学 —— 概述
《白鲸》是一部关于捕鲸方面的百科全书。小说描写捕鲸的方法、鲸鱼的习性和种类等内容，重点突出了捕鲸工人处境的艰苦和危险，歌颂了他们的机智、勇敢、不畏困难等高贵品质，同时反映了资本原始积累的血腥和残酷。可以说，捕鲸船其实是人类社会的缩影：船长亚哈是主宰者，他可以对工人们发号施令，强迫其按自己的意愿行事；水手和船长的活动区域也各有规定，船的后甲板是亚哈船长活动ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้势力范围，船头楼才是水手们活动的小天地，活动空间决定了船长和水手的身份和地位。
《外国文学经典作品赏析》
第X第章八章XX1X9X世纪美国文学
第一节概述
目录
第二节梭罗和《瓦尔登湖》
第三节霍桑和《红字》

美国文学期末考试-诗歌赏析部分

美国⽂学期末考试-诗歌赏析部分Philip Freneau1.野⾦银花美丽的⾦银花，你粲然绽放于幽静⼀⾓。

芳菲满枝,⽆⼈垂顾，迎风起舞,⽆⼈注⽬。

游⼦从不践踏你的⽟体，过客从不催落你的泪滴。

造化令你素裹银妆，你得以远离庸⼈的⽬光她赐予你⼀⽚绿荫葱葱她带给你⼀泓流⽔淙淙恬静的夏⽇倏然流淌你终于红衰翠减，⽟殒⾹消妩媚动⼈，你却⽆法盛颜久长落红满地，你令我黯然神伤纵然在伊甸乐园，⼈间天堂也难免⼀⽇凋零，满⽬凄凉萧瑟秋风，凄⽩秋霜你终于消失得⽆影⽆踪朝霞幕露孕育了你娇⼩的⾝躯你从尘⼟来，⼜归尘⼟去来时⼀⽆所有，去时化作尘⼟可叹⽣命苦短你终究红消⾹断Background: The short lyric was written in 1786. Freneau was inspired by the beauty of the wild honey suckle when he was walking at Chaeleston, South Carolina. As is displayed in this poem, honeysuckle, instead of rose of daffodil became the object of depiction; it is “wild” just to convey the fresh perception of the natural scenes on the new continent. The flowers, similar to the early Puritan settlers, used to believe they were the selects of God to be arranged on the abundant land, but now have to wake up from fantasy and be more respectful to natural law.Theme:the mutability of flowers and by extension the transience of human life. Time is constant but the time of a life is short; any favor is relative but change is absolute; with or without the awareness, nature develops; flowers were born, blossomed and declined to repose, and human beings would exist in exactly the same way. A philosophical meditation is indicated by the description of the fate of a trivial wild plant. In this poem, the poet expresses a keen awareness of the loveliness and transience of nature. It implies that life and death are inevitable law of nature. In addition, the poet writes with the strong implication that, though in the work no one is presented in person, human beings at times envy the flower. This is seen not because the “roving foot” would “crush”; nor that the “busy hand” would “provoke a tear”; nor because of the “vulgar eye”, but because of the fact that the human being has the ability to foresee his death. Whereas, the flower, with its happy ignorance, lacks this consciousness and is completely unaware of its doom. Its innocence left it happier than the foreseeing human beings.Unfortunately, the human beings are quite unwilling to refuse this knowledge and that arouses all their sufferings.Rhyme and analysis: Form ?Four six-line stanzas ?iambic tetrameter 四⾳步抑扬格?soft-strong-soft-strong-soft-strong-soft-strong ? Fair flower, that dost so comely grow ? rhymed on ababcc pattern Following the traditional European model, the lyric is written in regular 6-line tetrameter stanzas, rhyming “ababcc”, and sounds just like music. But in order to accord with the change in tone and topic in Stanza 3, the rhythmic pattern is varied. Different from the rest the poem which is written in smooth iambic tetrameter lines, the third line of the stanza --- “They died” --- begins with a “spondee”(two stressed beats in a row) and, after forcing the reader to pause (the dash), continues in a highly irregular rhythm with an intensification of stressed beats. The purpose is obvious: the speaker wants to drive the horrible message home, to let the reader feel the impact acutely. But as we progress into the last stanza, when a more mature view of life and death is adopted, the rhythms are restored to the original regularity as the tone assumes a tempered serenity grown out of experience. The wild honey suckle is, in the poet’s eye, no longer a common flower.In the first two stanzas, to start with, Freneau devoted more attention to the environment of the flower in which he found it than to the appearance of the flower per se. He commented on the secluded nature of the place where the honey suckle grew, drawing a conclusion that it was due to Nature’s protectiveness that the flower was able to lead a peaceful life free from men’s disturbance and destruction. But the next stanza immediately changed the tone from silent admiration and appreciation to outright lamentation over the “future’s doom” of the flower --- even Nature was unable to save the flower from its death. Actually no flower, or no living being, can escape. Not even the flowers that used to bloom in Eden. Thus from the flower in nature the poet started to ponder over the fate of man, who was bound to fall from his innocence and suffer from the despair of death as the result to his exile from Paradise. Just as kindly as nourished and protected the honey suckle in spring and summer, Nature will destroy ruthlessly the flower with its autumn and winter weapons.Understand the title: 1. The name honeysuckle comes from the sweet nectar that the flow er produces to intoxicate the greedy bee. Its powerful fragrance seduces the human senses as it pervades the air. The perfume of this passionate plant may turn a maidens head, hence wild honeysuckle is a symbol of inconstancy in . The word “wild”implies herliving place; she lives in wilderness not in paradise or house; so she will not be app reciated by others and feels sorrowful. Also it implies the nature, so we can say the writer is describing the nature.William Cullen Bryant（对死亡的冥想）热爱⾃然的⼈与世间万象, 有着⼼神的交流，对他, 她可说各种各样的语⾔他⾼兴的时候，她声⾳喜悦, 微笑⾥透着⾼贵的美丽, 她潜⼊他隐秘的思索，带着温柔和抚慰的关切，未及他明⽩她就将痛苦带⾛，当最后的思想如灾难降临你的精神,悲痛的哀影，寿⾐，棺罩,令⼈窒息的⿊暗，以及促狭的房屋使你瑟瑟发抖，并⼼⽣憎恨——去开阔的⽥野吧，去听听,⾃然的教诲，听听那从四野⾥——⼤地、河川和新鲜的空⽓中——传来的静谧⽽寂寥的声⾳——然⽽⼏天后，普照⼤地的太阳在它的⾏程⾥，也不见你的踪影；也不在冰冷的⼤地你含泪苍⽩的形体停放之处,也不在⼤海的怀抱存你的形象养育了你的⼤地要将你召回, 复归为尘⼟，消除⼈的痕迹你的个体将⾂服于此，你将永远与⾃然之中的万物共处去做⽆情的草⽊和磐⽯的兄弟掩藏在坚硬的泥⼟下，任由那粗野的情郎翻犁和践踏橡树伸展的根须将刺穿你的躯体。

赏析美国文学

生长在最能发挥它们功效的地方，功效不仅在于悦人耳目，这而且还在于对它们下面圣・奎恩大河谷地的农业生产的贡献乔
境正义思想，人甚至在很大程度上牺牲了诗歌的艺术形式。诗
斯奈德的诗歌大都实现了艺术性和思想性的高度统一，这首但诗歌是一个 “ 例外 ” 。为了表现环境正义主题，国环境文学家美特别讲究隐喻的使用。隐喻是文学作品中常见的一种修辞手法，大部分文学中的隐喻是一种语言修饰方法或修辞格。与但此不同，国环境文学中常见的隐喻并没有局限于修饰语言的美功能，像修辞学中的 “ 动理论 ” 说的那样，它互所已经变成一种思维方式。具体地说，反映的主要是美国环境文学家的生态它学思维方式和环境伦理学思维方式。生态学中的生态系统理论和环境伦理学中的生态整体主义理论对美国环境文学家建构隐
麟
赏析美国文学
沈阳师范大学渤海学院ｏ级对外汉语言专业７
“ 境” 环是美国文学的核心主题，它包括人与自然之间的环
郑晓姣
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