南京树人学校初三错题整理一单元
树人 南京师大附中树人学校初三阶段测试数学
南京师大附中树人学校初三阶段测试数学一、选择题1.如图,在O 中,若50ABC ∠=︒,则AOC ∠等于()A.50︒B.80︒C.90︒D.100︒2.用配方法解一元二次方程2640x x -+=,下列变形正确的是()A.()2313x -=B.()235x -=C.()2613x -=D.()265x -=3.一元二次方程2410x x -+=的两根是1x 、2x ,则12x x ⋅的值是()A.4B.4-C.1D.1-4.方程2340x x +-=的根的情况是()A.有两个不相等的实数根B.没有实数根C.有两个相等的实数根D.有一个实数根5.在图①、②的两个等圆中,各有两条长分别为10和6的弦,两图阴影面积S 的大小关系为()A.S S >①②B.S S <①②C.S S =①②D.无法确定6.下列命题中,不正确...的是() A.垂直平分弦的直线经过圆心 B.平分弦的直径一定垂直于弦C.平行弦所夹的两条弧相等D.垂直于弦的直径必平分弦所对的弦二、填空题7.若O 的半径为2,1OP =,则点P 与O 的位置关系是:点P 在O _______.8.方程2x x =-的解是_______.9.若方程22410x x ++=的解为1x 、2x ,则12x x +=______,12x x ⋅=________.10.如图所示圆中,AB 为直径,弦CD AB ⊥,垂足为H ,若2HB =,4HD =,则AH =____.11.将量角器按如图所示的方式放置在三角形纸板上,使点C 落在半圆上,若点A 、B 处的读数分别为86︒、30︒,则ACB ∠的大小为______.①②B12.若关于x 的方程220x x m ++=的一个根为1,则方程的另一根为______.13.一种药品经过两次降价,药价从每盒60元下调至48元,设平均每次降价的百分率为x ,根据题意列出的方程是_______.14.如图,有一圆经过ABC △的三个顶点,且弦BC 的中垂线与 AC 相交于D 点,若74B ∠=︒,46C ∠=︒,则 AD 的度数是________.15.若关于x 的方程()20m x h k ++=(m ,h ,k 均为常数,0m ≠)的解是14x =-,22x =,则方程()230m x h k +-+=的解是______.16.平面内有四个点A 、O 、B 、C ,其中120AOB ∠=︒,60ACB ∠=︒,3AO OB ==,则满足题意的OC 长度为整数的值可以是______.三、解答题17.解下列一元二次方程(有指定方法的必须使用指定方法).(1)2650x x +-=;(配方法)(2)2341x x +=;(公式法)(3)25x +=;(4)()2211x x -=-.18.已知关于x 的方程()22140kx k x k -+++=.(1)若该方程有两个相等的实数根,则k 的值为______.(2)若该方程有实数根,求k 的取值范围.19.如图,矩形花圃ABCD 一面靠墙(墙足够长),另外三面用总长度是24m 的篱笆围成,当矩形花圃的面积是240m 时,求BC 的长.20.已知:在O 中,设 BC所对的圆周角为BAC ∠. 求证:12BAC BOC ∠=∠.证明:圆心O 可能在BAC ∠的一边上、内部和外部(如图①、②和③).D CB A如图①,当圆心O 在BAC ∠的一边上时,OA OC =∵,A ACO ∠=∠∴.BOC A ACO ∠=∠+∠∵.2BOC A ∠=∠∴.12A BOC ∠=∠∴. 请你完成该证明:21.南京某特产专卖店销售某种特产,其进价为每千克40元,按每千克60元出售,平均每天可售出100千克,后天经过市场调查发现,单价每降低3元,平均每天的销售量可增加30千克,专卖店销售这种特产若想要平均每天获利2240元,且销售尽可能大,则每千克特产应定价为多少元?(1)解:方法:1:设每千克特产应降价x 元,由题意,得方程为:_______;方法2:设每千克特产降低后定价为x 元,由题意,得方程为:_______.(2)请你选择一种方法,写出完整的解答过程.22.如图,点A 、B 、C 、D 在O 上,AB DC =.求证:AC BD =.23.运用所学经验,解下列方程:(1)3220x x x +-=;(2x .24.如图,O 是ABC △的外接圆,AB AC =,P 是O 上一点.(1)请你只用无刻度的直尺......,分别画出图①和图②中P ∠的平分线; (2)结合图②,说明你这样画的理由.26.某农场去年种植南瓜10亩,总产量为20000公斤,今年该农场扩大了种植面积,并引进新品种,使总产量增长到60000公斤,已知种植面积的增长率是平均亩产量增长率的2倍,求平均亩产量的增长率. 26.小平所在的学习小组发现,车辆转弯时,能否顺利通过直角弯道的标准是,车辆是否可以行驶到和路的边界夹角是45︒的位置(如图1中②的位置).例如,图2是某巷子的俯视图,巷子路面宽4m ,转弯处为直角,车辆的车身为矩形ABCD ,CD 与DE 、CE 的夹角都是45︒时,连接EF ,交CD 于点G ,若GF 的长度至少能达到车身宽度,即车辆能通过.①②③①②(1)小平认为长8m ,宽3m 的消防车不能通过该直角转弯,请你帮他说明理由;(2)小平提出将拐弯处改为圆弧( 'MM 和 'NN 是以O 为圆心,分别以OM 和ON 为半径的弧),长8m ,宽3m 的消防车就可以通过该弯道了,具体的方案如图3,其中'OM OM ⊥,你能帮小平算出,ON 至少为多少时,这种消防车可以通过该巷子?27.我们将能完全覆盖某平面图形的最小圆称为该平面图形的最小覆盖图,例如线段AB 的最小覆盖圆就是以线段AB 为直径的圆.(1)请分别作出图1中两个三角形的最小覆盖圆;(尺规作图,保留作图痕迹,不写作法)(2)思考任意三角形的最小覆盖圆有何规律?直接写出你所得到的结论:______.(3)某地有四个村庄E 、F G 、H (其位置如图2所示),现拟建一个电视信号中转站,为了使这四个村庄的居民都能接收到电视信号,且使中转站所需发射功率最小(信号半径越小,所需功率越小),此中转站应建在何处?请说明理由.图1AB CCB AGD FE 50°35°48°47°53°50°32°45°。
南京树人学校初三错题整理二单元
2018年南师附中树人学校初三英语错题讲义(二)9A Unit Two Colors错题分析及拓展一、根据句意,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1. If you need physical ______________ (strong), you shouldwear red clothes.2. I’ve lived in Nanjing for five years, but I’m still not used tothe (hot) in summer here.3. If you have some close friends, you can share your joys and(sad) with them.4. I know from ______________ (person) experience howdifficult this kind of work is.5. Our life is ______________(certain) much better than it wasfive years ago.二、根据句意、所给汉语或首字母写出单词1. The student can feel the ______________ (热) of the sun onhis back.2. --- Why did you paint the walls in your bedroom orange?--- To ______________ (produce) a feeling of warmth.3. These pets ______________(to need sth.)a lot of care andattention. Do you have time to look after them?4. Daniel ______________ (承诺) to come, but he hasn’tarrived.5. My brother has ______________ (从事) as a teacher sincehe left college.6. These ______________(古老的) towns are all very beautiful.We would like to visit them.7. All the students are ______________ (要求) to listencarefully in class.8. Kate’s father is a powerful man and he can ______________(make sb. change) people easily.9. She was so shy that her face became even ______________(红的) when she was asked to sing a song.10. Children are easily ______________ (影响) by their friends.11. I can’t decide _____________or not I should accept theinvitation.三、句型转换1. Does Mr Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us? (合并为一句)2. Can yellow bring people success? It isn’t certain.(合并为一句)3.“I’ll visit my aunt this weekend,” Tom said to me.(改为宾语从句)Tom told me he visit his aunt this weekend.4.The TV requires to be fixed. (改为同义句)The TV .四、根据汉语意思完成句子1. 你完成工作有困难时,可以给我打电话。
2023-2024学年江苏省南京市南师附中树人学校物理九年级第一学期期中经典试题含解析
2023-2024学年江苏省南京市南师附中树人学校物理九年级第一学期期中经典试题一学期期中经典试题考生须知:1.全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2.请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
一、选择题(每题1.5分,共30题,45分)1.如图所示,用气筒不断向装有少量水的瓶内用力打气,可观察到瓶塞从瓶口跳出,此时瓶内有白雾产生.当瓶塞从瓶口跳出时,瓶内有白雾产生,这是因为瓶内气体的内能()温度降低,发生了液化现象.A.增大B.减小C.不变D.无法确定2.小明居住的帝都花园中有很多路灯,晚上没有行人时,灯仍然亮着。
他想:能不能在晚上没有行人通过时,路灯能自动熄灭呢?通过查资料知道有一种“光控开关(天黑时自动闭合,天亮时自动断开);还有一种“声控开关”(有声音时自动闭合,一分钟后,若再无声音就自动断开)。
小明利用这两种开关设计了一个“聪明”的电路:(1)白天路灯不亮(2)晚上有人走动发出声音时,路灯自动亮起来,一分钟后,若再无声音就自动断开请判断小明设计的电路图是下图中的A.B.C.D.3.下列各种现象中,通过热传递改变物体内能的是()A.冬天室外搓手取暖 B.冬天室内用炉火取暖C.汽车急刹车时轮胎变热 D.铜锤子敲打铁板,锤子和铁板都变热4.如图所示,小强同学在探究串联电路电流规律的实验中,按图连接好了电路,闭合开关S后,发现两灯均不发光.为检测出电路故障,他将电压表接到灯L1两端来测量电压,发现电压表和电流表均没有示数;将电压表接到灯L2两端来测量电压,发现电压表有明显示数,而电流表示数几乎为零,则电路故障可能是()A.灯L1短路B.灯L1断路C.电流表烧坏了D.灯L2断路5.击剑比赛中,当甲方运动员的剑(图中用“S甲”表示)击中乙方的导电服时,电路导通,乙方指示灯L乙亮,同理,乙方剑击中甲方,灯L甲亮.下面能反映这种原理的电路是()A.B. C.D.6.被丝绸摩擦过的玻璃棒带上正电荷,这是因为()A.电子发生了转移B.原子核发生了转移C.摩擦创造了正电荷D.摩擦创造了负电荷7.下列说法正确的是A.物体温度升高,内能一定增加B.物体吸收热量,温度一定升高C.物体温度升高,一定是吸收了热量D.物体内能增加,温度一定升高8.某升降式晾衣架的结构如图所示,该晾衣架没有应用到的简单机械是()A.动滑轮B.定滑轮C.轮轴 D.斜面9.下列常见的自然现象,能用分子动理论的知识解释的是A.春天,槐花飘香B.夏天,柳枝飞扬C.秋天,落叶飘零D.冬天,雪花飘飘10.如图所示,所使用杠杆属于费力杠杆的是()A.镊子B.扳手C.羊角锤拔钉子D.钢丝钳11.A.锅内的水蒸气遇到冷的镜片凝华成的小水珠附着在眼镜上B.眼镜上有灰尘C.镜片导致水发生汽化蒙在玻璃上D.锅内的水蒸气遇到冷的镜片液化成小水珠附着在眼镜片上12.小军用玻璃罐、金属丝、橡皮筋和配重螺母制作了如图所示的“神奇的滚筒”.在水平地板上向前推一下滚筒,滚筒经过几次反复滚动后,最终会停下来.在滚筒往复滚动的过程中,主要发生的能量转化是A.重力势能和弹性势能B.弹性势能和机械能C.动能和弹性势能D.机械能和内能13.如图的电路,电源电压不变,闭合开关S后,灯L1 、L2 都亮了,过一会儿,其中一盏灯突然灭了,但电流表、电压表的读数都不变.发生这一现象的原因可能是()A.灯L 1 短路B.灯L 1 断路C.灯L 2 短路D.灯L 2 断路14.如图所示,V1和V2是完全相同的两个电压表,都有3V和15V两个量程,闭合开关后,发现两个电压表偏转的角度相同,则()A.R1:R2=1:4 B.R1:R2=4:1 C.R1:R2=1:5 D.R1:R2=5:115.下列事件中利用大气压的是()A.用图钉把地图钉在墙上。
南京树人初中数学平时整理错题集(空题)
数学错题集
一、填空题
1、图①、图②、图③分别是边长均大于2 的三角形、四边形、凸n 边形,分别以它们的各顶点为圆心,以1 为半径画弧与两邻边相交,得到3 条弧、4 条弧、n 条弧.图①中3 条弧的弧长的和为,图②中4 条弧的弧长的和为,图③中 n 条弧的弧长的和为(用n 表示.)
2、1)某校安排三辆车 (分别编号为“ 1 ”、“ 2 ”、和“ 3 ” ) ,组织八年级学生团员去敬老院参加学雷锋活动,小刚从这三辆车中任选一辆搭乘,乘坐 1 号车的概率为 _ .
2)若小红也从第(1)小题中的三辆车任选一辆搭乘,则小红与小刚同车的概率为_ .
3、小亮要给小林打电话,他只记住了电话号码的前 5 位数的顺序,后 3 位数字记住了却忘记具体顺序.
(1)若后3 位数是5,5,4 三个数字的某1 种排列顺序,求小亮一次就拨通电话的概率.
(2)若后3 位数是2,4,7 三个数字的某1 种排列顺序,求小亮一次就拨通电话的概率.
4、已知关于x 的一元二次方有两个实数根,则k 的取值范围是
1。
树人初三一模卷含答案
扬州中学教育集团树人学校第一次模拟考试初三英语试题一、单项选择(15%)1. -What do you think of ______ coming 2010 Shanghai World Expo(世博会)?-I am sure it will be ______ success.A. the, aB. the, /C. a, aD. a, the2. -Do you know the boy ______is sitting next to Peter?-Yes. He is Peter’s friend. They are celebrating Peter’s ______ birthday.A. who, ninthB. that, ninethC. which, ninthD. which, nineth3. -May I surf the Internet now? -No, ______ you finish doing the dishes.A. unlessB. ifC. becauseD. when4. -Who will send you to the new school, your mom or your dad? -______. I’ll go there alone.A. BothB. EitherC. NeitherD. None5. ______ things are getting more and more serious, ______ we should do our best.A. Though/ butB. Although/ butC. Though / yetD. although/ yet6. -Did you have any problems when you traveled in foreign countries?-Yes, ______really traditional Chinese food.You know, I wasn’t used to western food.A. look forB. looking forC. to look forD. looked for7. —I hear not only many foreign countries but also China ______ involved in the financial crisis(经济危机) lastyear.A. isB. areC. wasD. were8. Korea lies ______ Asia. It is ______the northeast of China and ______the west of Japan.A. in/to/onB. in/on/toC. on/in/toD. to/on/in9. -______a day do you walk your pet dog? -Once in the morning and once in the evening.A. How oftenB. How much timeC. How many timesD. How long10. -Could you tell me how long it will take to get to the zoo?-About 30 minutes by bus because it is ______ from here.A. 10 kilometres farB. 10 kilometres awayC. 10 kilometres longD. 10 kilometres’ long11. -Would you like another cup of tea? -______? Thanks.A. Do IB. Will IC. May ID. Am I12. -All the T-shirts look nice. I can’t decided ______. -The red one looks the best, I think.A. what shall I buyB. which one can I buyC. if I can buy oneD. which one I should buy13. -Did you like the newest film “The Hurt Lock er(拆弹部队)”?-Yes, very much. In fact I have never seen ______ one before.A. a more wonderfulB. the more wonderfulC. a most wonderfulD. the most wonderful14. People admire Mother Teresa because she ______ everything for ______.A. gave up/ the othersB. gave/ the othersC. gave up/ othersD. gave / others15. -Nice to meet you, Mike. ______?-Everything is OK. Thanks.A. What are you doingB. Where have you beenC. How is it goingD. What's wrong with you二、完形填空(15%)A farmer found a wounded eagle (受伤的鹰) in his field. He was so _ 16 _ that he took it home and cleaned its wounds. After that he placed it outside in the yard, in the hope that it 17__ be well soon.Strangely enough, the eagle soon got used to the 18__ of all the chickens in the yard. It learned to 19__ from side to side like chickens, and eat happily from a trough (食槽). For many years, the eagle 20_ his new life on the farm.Then one day, one of the farmer's friends pointed to the playing eagle and asked," 21__ is that eagle acting like a chicken?" The farmer told him what had 22___, and the friend felt quite __23 ."I can't believe that!" said the friend. "It should fly in the 24__ , not live here!" He picked up the eagle, and threw it into the air. The eagle was 25 __ , and cried loudly. Then it just fell down on the ground.That night, the friend could 26 _ sleep as he remembered the chicken-like eagle. The next morning, he headed back to the farm for another 27_. This time he carried the eagle to the __28 of a nearby mountain.When he stood at the highest place of the mountain, he looked into its eyes and shouted, "Don't you understand? You weren't made to live like a chicken!" As he held the eagle up, he made sure it was facing into the bright 29 _ of the rising sun. Then he _30_ tossed (抛) the bird into the sky. This time the eagle opened his wings, and disappeared into the clouds.16. A. polite B. brave C. kind D. proud17. A. would B. should C. must D. need18. A. food B. sounds C. water D. habits19. A. walk B. sleep C. talk D. drink20. A. wasted B. forgot C. lost D. enjoyed21. A. When B. How C. Why D. What22. A. suffered B. experienced C. happened D. found23. A. pleased B. surprised C. worried D. satisfied24. A. sky B. sea C. land D. lake25. A. afraid B. interested C. excited D. angry26. A. hardly B. exactly C. actually D. finally27. A. drink B. meeting C. rest D. try28. A. top B. foot C. center D. side29. A. sight B. light C. space D. shape30. A. easily B. softly C. hardly D. powerfully三、阅读理解(30%)A31.Ifyou want to book a ticket to Sydney Tower, you can't _______.A. email sydneytower @ hotmail, cornB. fax 02 9333 9203C. search www. sydneytower, com. auD. call 02 9333 922232. Last Saturday, Johnson went to visit Sydney Tower. He had to get down the tower______.A. after 11:30 pmB. before 11:30 pmC. at 10:30 pmD. by 10:30 pm33. The passage above is probably______A. a piece of newsB. a conversationC. a storyD. an advertisementBPopular breakfast foods in the United States, as in many other countries around the world, include coffee, milk, juice, eggs and bread. Some other breakfast items served in the United States are thought by many to be traditionally American. However, they actually come from other countries.A very popular breakfast food in America is the pancake---a thin, flat cake made out of flour(面粉) and often served with maple syrup(枫蜜,糖枫汁).The idea of the pancake is very old. In fact, pancakes were made long ago in ancient China.Bagels(硬面包圈), a round thick bread with a hole in the middle, are also popular for breakfast in America. Polish(波兰的)people in the late 1600s came up with the idea for the first bagels and this new kind of bread soon took off across Eastern Europe.In the late 1800s, thousands of Jews(犹太人)from Eastern Europe traveled to the United States and brought the recipe(配方)for bagels with them. Today, New York bagels are said to be the best in the world. Many people have them with cream cheese for breakfast.Doughnuts (炸面圈,usually spelled “donut” in the United States) came from France. They were served to American soldiers in France during World WarⅠ. After the war, American soldiers asked cooks in the United States to make doughnuts for them. Now, served with coffee, they are a very popular breakfast food across the United States.34. This reading is mainly about _______.A. famous places in the United States to eat breakfastB. popular American breakfast foods coming from ChinaC. the most popular types of pancakes in the United StatesD. the history of popular breakfast foods in the United States35. Which of the following is true for both bagels and donuts?A. They both came from Europe.B. They are both easy to make.C. They are both sweet.D. People in New York make them best.36. Who brought bagels to America?A. Polish people.B. Jewish people.C. Chinese people.D. American soldiers.37. Which of the following is true about doughnuts?A. It was first made by the French.B. The soldiers invented them in World WarⅠ.C. Only soldiers eat them in the Untied States.D. It is round with a hole in the middle.CThis is not a diet. It's a simple way to lose weight~ And you don' t even have to give up the food you love or join a gym(参加体育锻炼). You just follow some habits that thin people have. Keep them, and you'll become thin.( 1 ) Wake - upWhen you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, bend( 弯曲) forward until you feel sore(酸痛) in your back. It will burn about 10 calories.(2) Start with soupWhen you have a meal, order a clear soup, and have it before having the main food. In this way, you'll feel fuller, so you'll eat less when the main food comes.(3) An apple (or more) a dayApples are full of fiber(纤维) and water, so your stomach will want less. The study shows that people who eat at least three apples a day lose weight.(4) Stand up and walk aroundEvery time you use the mobile phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average(平均) two and a half hours more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn 50 or more calories.Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.38. Why does eating apples make one's stomach want less food?A. Because apples are delicious.B. Because apples are full of fiber and water.C. Because apples are sour.D. Because only apples are filled with calories.39. Which of the following may the author disagree?A. Sitting up slowly without using your hands helps burn calories.B. Eating apples every day is good for people's health.C.You have to join a gym if you want to lose weight.D. It's good to walk around while talking on the mobile phone.40. What's the purpose of the passage?A. To give some advice on how to lose weight.B. To advise people to eat apples every day.C. To tell people how to enjoy a better life.D. To advise people to give up bad habits.41. In which part of a newspaper would you most probably read the passage?A. Shopping.B. Teaching.C. Family.D. Health.DToday we explain a very old saying that has had a big influence on rock and roll music. That saying is a rolling stone gathers no moss(滚动的石头不长苔). It has several meanings. One of them is that a man who never settles down in one place will not be successful.This proverb was said to be first used in 1500. But in the1960s, the expression “rolling stone” became fa mous in the world of rock and roll music. It became the name of a song, a rock group and a magazine.Experts say it all started with a song by the US singer and guitarist Muddy Waters. He was one of the country’s top blues musicians until his death in 1983. In 1950, Muddy Waters recorded a song called Rolling Stone. His music influenced singers like Elvis Presley and Bob Dylan. In 1965, Bob Dylan released(发行)his song like a Rolling Stone to the public. It is one of his best-known works.A British rock grou p is said to have taken its name from Muddy Waters’ song. The Rolling Stones performed for the first time in 1962. The group’s members called themselves “the world’s greatest rock and roll band”.In 1967, a young man named Jann Wenner started a magazine Rolling Stone. The magazine reported on rock music and the popular culture that the music created. By 1971, Rolling Stone had become the leading rock music and counterculture(反文化的) publication. It is still popular today.42. Which of the following did not us e the expression “rolling stone” as its name?A. songB. A pop clubC. A rock groupD. A magazine43. The expression first became the name of a song in ___________.A. 1500B. 1950C. 1962D. 196544. Who had a great influence on the British rock group?A. Muddy WatersB. Elvis PresleyC. Bob DylanD. Jann Wenner45. What is the best title of the text?A. Rolling stone.B. Rock and roll music.C. What rolling stone meansD. An old saying四、词汇运用(10%)46. Do you know how many __________ there are in Yangzhou? (综合性大学)47. ____________the national flag is one of the most important events every day. (升起)48. Will you please offer us some more samples for ____________ research? (far)49. In 1969, humans reached the moon ___________ for the first time. (succeed)50. ___________ by Arm Strong, the spacecraft landed safely. (control)51. The river runs __________the city from east to west. (穿过)52. Whose turn is it to sweep the floor today? It’s __________. (I)53. Three __________ of the students in our school are from cities. (five)54. Finish this work in such a short time? It’s ___________. (可能)55. He rushed out and carried the little girl to ___________. (安全)五、任务型阅读(10%)An e-book is a book you can read on the Internet. It can be anywhere from a few pages long to several hundred. The Internet becomes the main form of communication these days, the popularity(普及) of the e-books is growing among readers.If you want to write your e-book, you need to understand the following things.First, the selection of a topic for your e-book is really important. The topic should be one that most people are interested in. Again, choose a topic which you have rich knowledge on so that you can offer people the information they are looking for.Second, try to develop a title that can attract many readers. If the title of your e-book can make the readers feel curious, it’s the first step to your success as you can get visitors.Third, you should create an informative content(资讯丰富的目录) for the readers. So you should have a rich knowledge of the topic. Moreover, the content should be well-written and easy to understand.Last, the cover of your book is also important. By choosing a proper color combination(组合) and a delicate graphic(图解的) designs, you can make it attractive to your possible readers.Title A 56_________to e-book writingInformation aboute-books ▲You can read them 57_________.▲They can be anywhere from a few pages long to several hundred.▲They become more and more 58__________.59_____of writinge-books 60_________the best topicThe topic should be 61_______and you have richknowledge on it.Providing a good titleThe title should be 62_________ and can causethe curiosity(好奇心) among the readers. Developing an informativecontentYou should 63_______the topic well and thecontent should be well-written and easy tounderstand.Making a good 64________It should be made up of different 65________witha graphic designs六、缺词填空(10%)A boy loved football with all his heart. But being much shorter than the other boys, he got nowhere. Even t____66____ the boy was always on the bench(板凳), his father was always in the stands(看台) cheering for his son and never m____67____ a game. The father continued to encourage him but also made it very clear that he did not have to play football if he didn’t want to. But the boy made up his mind to try his b___68____.It was the end of his high school football season. One day, as he ran onto the practice field as u____69____,the coach gave him a letter. The young boy read it and became silent. It told the news of his father’s death. He asked for l____70_____ and the coach agreed.Next day, the coach and his players were s___71____ to see the boy come back so soon. “Coach, please let me play. I’ve just got to play today,” said the young boy. There was no way letting the worst player play in this final game. But the young boy insisted, and f____72___ the coach agreed. Before long everyone in the stands could not believe their e____73____. This little unknown player, w___74___ had never played before, was doing everything right. Finally, the boy helped his team win the game.The coach came to him and asked, “Kid, tell me how you did it.”W___75____ tears in his eyes, the young boy explained that his dad was blind and he came to all his games, but today was the first time his dad could see him play, and he wanted to show his dad he could do it.七、书面表达(30%)A.中译英(10%)76. 学会与朋友同甘共苦是很有必要的。
南京师范大学附中树人学校初三初三化学上册期中试题及答案
南京师范大学附中树人学校初三化学上册期中试题及答案一、选择题(培优题较难)1.质量相等的两份氯酸钾,只向其中一份加入少量二氧化锰,同时放在两只试管内加热。
下列有关放出氧气质量(g)与反应时间(t)关系图象(图中是a纯氯酸钾曲线,b是混有二氧化锰的曲线)其中正确是A.A B.B C.C D.D2.下列古代文明或工艺一定包含化学变化的是A.在甲骨上刻文字B.指南针指引航海C.用泥土烧制陶瓷D.用石块修筑长城3.在一密闭的容器中,一定质量的碳粉与过量的氧气在点燃的条件下充分反应,容器内各相关量与时间(从反应开始计时)的对应关系正确的是( )A.B.C.D.4.下列实验操作正确的是A.塞紧橡皮塞B.加热液体C.取用液体D.读出液体的体积5.石墨烯是一种革命性材料,具有优异的光学、电学和力学特性。
图为金刚石、石墨和石墨烯的结构模型图,图中小球代表碳原子。
下列说法正确的是( )①石墨烯是一种新型化合物②三种物质分别在足量的氧气中完全燃烧的产物相同③金刚石和石墨烯是组成相同但结构不同的两种物质④石墨烯有超强的导电性和导热性,说明石墨烯的化学性质和金属相似A.①④B.②③C.①③D.②③④6.已知:金属X在常温下能与空气中的氧气反应,而金属Y和Z不能;将Y 、Z分别投入稀盐酸中,Y溶解并产生气泡,Z无变化。
下列说法正确的是A.X氧化物的化学式只能表示为XO B.Y能将X从它的盐溶液中置换出来C.Z在自然界中只能以单质形式存在 D.三种金属的活动性顺序:X>Y>Z7.化学是在分子、原子的层次上研究物质的性质、组成、结构与变化规律的科学。
下图是某化学反应的微观示意图,下列说法正确的是A.反应前后分子的个数不变B.生成物有三种C.反应前后汞原子和氧原子的个数不变D.是保持氧气化学性质的最小粒子8.电解水实验装置如图所示,下列说法正确的是A.电解前后元素种类不变B.实验说明水由H2和O2组成C.反应的化学方程式为2H2O=2H2↑+O2↑D.a管收集的气体能使燃着的木条燃烧更旺9.下列说法正确的是()A.原子的质量主要集中在原子核上B.相同的原子无法构成不同的分子C.温度计内汞柱液面上升说明汞原子体积变大D.原子呈电中性是因为原子中质子数与中子数相等10.下列实验现象描述正确的是A.硫在氧气中燃烧发出淡蓝色火焰B.磷在空气中燃烧产生大量白烟C.木炭在空气中燃烧发出白光D.铁丝在氧气中燃烧,火星四射,生成四氧化三铁11.下列客观事实的微观解释正确的是()选项客观事实微观解释A品红在热水中扩散比在冷水中快水分子间存在间隙B水通电生成氢气和氧气水中含有氢分子和氧分子C搅拌能加快蔗糖在水中的溶解搅拌使扩散到水中的蔗糖分子更多D一氧化碳能燃烧,二氧化碳能灭火二者分子构成不同A.A B.B C.C D.D12.食醋是厨房中常用的调味品,它的主要成分是乙酸,乙酸分子的模型如图所示,其中代表一个碳原子,代表一个氢原子,代表一个氧原子。
南京2023年初三数学错题汇编
1、如图,在RT △ABC 中,∠ACB=90°,BC=3,AB=5,角平分线CD 交AB 于点D ,则点D 到AC 的距离是( ) 。
(A )127(B )2(C )157(D )32、传说,古埃及人常用“拉绳”的方法画直角,有一根长为m 的绳子,古埃及人用这根绳子拉出了一个斜边长为n 的直角三角形,那么这个直角三角形的面积用含m 和n 的式子可表示为 。
3、如图,长方形ABCD 中,AB=4cm ,BC=6cm ,现有一动点P 从A 点出发以2cm/s 的速度,沿矩形的边A-B-C 运动,设点P 运动的时间为t 秒,当t 为何值时,△APD 是等腰三角形?4、已知,△ABC 的面积为84,BC=21,现将△ABC 沿直线BC 向右平移a (0<a<21)个单位到△DEF的位置。
若AB=10,连接AE ,当△ABE5、在正方形ABCD 中,E 、F 分别是BC 、CD 边上的点,∠EAF =45°,BD 为对角线,交AE 于M 点,交AF 于N 点,求证:MN ²=BM ²+DN²6、已知点C是∠MAN的平分线上一点,∠BCD的两边CB、CD分别与射线AM、AN相交于B、D 两点,且∠ABC+∠ADC=180°,过点C做CE⊥AM,垂足为E。
如图,在(2)的条件下,若∠MAN=60°,连接BD,做∠ABD的角平分线BF交AD于点F,交AC于点O,连接DO并延长AB交于点G,若BG=1,DF=2,求线段DB的长。
7、如图,在锐角△ABC中,CD、BE分别是AB、AC边上的高,M、N分别是线段BC、DE的中点。
当∠BAC变为钝角时,如图,上述(1)MN⊥DE,(2)∠DME=180°-2∠A的结论是否都成立?若成立,直接回答,不需要证明;若不成立,请说明理由。
8、如图△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,AB=6,BC=10,BD是∠ABC的平分线,若P、Q分别是BD和AB 上的动点,则PA+PQ的最小值是()A. 2.4B. 4.8C. 4D. 59、如图,AD为△ABC的中线,DE、DF分别为∠ADB、∠ADC的角平分线,求证:BE+CF>EF10、已知等腰三角形一腰上的高与另一腰的夹角为50°,求这个等腰三角形的底角度数。
南京师范大学附中树人学校初中化学九年级上册第一单元《走进化学世界》检测(包含答案解析)
一、选择题1.(0分)[ID:131237]下列各组物质的变化,前者是化学变化,后者是物理变化的是A.酒精挥发、白磷自燃B.铁生锈、干冰升华C.冰化成水、火药爆炸D.硫燃烧、电解水2.(0分)[ID:131236]某学生量取液体,仰视读数为30mL,将液体倒出一部分后,俯视读数为10mL,则该同学实际倒出的液体体积为A.等于20mL B.小于20mL C.大于20mL D.无法确定3.(0分)[ID:131225]下列装置气密性的检查方法,其中正确的是A.B.C.D.4.(0分)[ID:131204]酒精是一种常用的消毒剂,在抗疫期间被广泛使用。
下列有关酒精性质的描述属于化学性质的是()A.具有可燃性B.易挥发C.有特殊气味D.易溶于水5.(0分)[ID:131200]下列实验操作正确的是A.验满氧气B.测量液体体积C.倾倒稀酸D.滴加液体6.(0分)[ID:131198]《中国诗词大会》弘扬了中国传统文化,特别是新增的“飞花令”环节让人看得热血沸腾,大呼过瘾。
下列以“生”为关键词的诗句中涉及化学变化的是()A.荡胸生层云,决眦人归鸟B.海上生明月,天涯共此时C.叶落槐亭院,冰生竹阁池D.野火烧不尽,春风吹又生7.(0分)[ID:131194]筒量取液体时,某同学先把量筒放平稳,面对刻度,仰视凹液面最低处读数为10mL,倾倒出一部分液体后,又俯视凹液面最低处读数为2mL,这位同学取出的液体体积()A.8mL B.大于8mL C.小于8mL D.无法确定8.(0分)[ID:131183]下列实验操作正确的是A.B.C.D.9.(0分)[ID:131177]正确的实验操作对人身安全和实验结果都非常重要。
下列实验操作正确的是A.读取液体体积B.检查气密性C.称量固体D.倾倒液体10.(0分)[ID:131167]某学生量取液体,仰视读数为40mL。
将液体倒出一部分后,俯视读数为10mL则该同学实际倒出的液体体积A.等于30mL B.小于30mL C.大于30mL D.无法确定11.(0分)[ID:131156]检查如图所示装置的气密性,缓慢推动活塞一段距离后并保持活塞不动,如果装置气密性良好,则能观察到A.注射器内有液体B.瓶中液面明显上升C.长颈漏斗下端管口产生气泡D.长颈漏斗内液面上升一段距离后,液面保持不下降12.(0分)[ID:131155]下列实验操作正确的是()A.读取数值B.倾倒液体C.检查装置气密性D.加热液体二、填空题13.(0分)[ID:131449]酒精是一种无色、透明、有特殊气味的液体,易挥发,能与水以任意比互溶,常用作酒精灯和内燃机的燃料,是一种绿色能源,当点燃酒精灯时,酒精在灯芯上汽化后燃烧生成水和二氧化碳。
南京树人学校基础部分(南京中考探究) (1)
(三)幂的运算:
1.计算(-xy³)²的结果是()
A.x²y6B.-x²y6C.x²y9D.-x²y9
2.计算(﹣a2)3的结果是( )
A.a5B.﹣a5C.a6D.﹣a6
3.计算 的结果是()A. B. C. D.
4.计算 的结果是()A. B. C. D.
(六)无理数的估计值:
1.下列无理数中,在﹣2与1之间的是( )
A.﹣ B.﹣ C. D.
2.12的负的平方根介于()
A.-5和-4之间B.-4与-3之间C.-3与-2之间D.-2与-1之间
.估计 介于()
A.0.4与0.5之间B.0.5与0.6之间C.0.6与0.7之间D.0.7与0.8之间
4.比较大小: -3____ .(填“>””<”或“=”号)
(七)因式分解:
1.分解因式(a-b)(a-4b)+ab的结果是.
2.分解因式2a(b+c)-3(b+c)的结果是___.
(八)分式计算:
1.计算:
2.化简代数式 ,并判断当x满足不等式组 时该代数式的符号。
(九)分式方程和二元一次方程组:
(1) (2)
(3)解方程组
4.计算12-7×(-4)+8÷(-2)的结果是()
A.-24B.-20C.6D.36
(二)科学计数法:
1.PM 2.5是指大气中直径小于或等于0.0000025 m的颗粒物,将0.0000025用科学记数法表示为()A. B. C. D.
.某市2013年底机动车的数量是2×106辆,2014年新增3×105辆.用科学记数法表示该市2014年底机动车的数量是()
2010-2023历年江苏南京树人国际学校九年级上第一次月考化学试卷(带解析)
2010-2023历年江苏南京树人国际学校九年级上第一次月考化学试卷(带解析)第1卷一.参考题库(共20题)1.下图是实验室制备、收集、验满、验证性质的操作,其中正确的是()2.(5分)化学反应的剧烈程度与反应物的浓度之间有一定的规律可循。
某实验小组各取等质量的木炭和等质量的硫分别在容积相同的集气瓶燃烧,记录如下:实验实验步骤实验现象反应化学符号表达式A①木炭在空气中燃烧①木炭红热产生的气体都能使澄清石灰水变浑浊②木炭在氧气气中燃烧②B③硫在空气中燃烧③微弱的淡蓝色火焰产生的气体都有刺激性气味④硫在氧气气中燃烧④通过A、B两组对比实验的现象,可以得出的规律是:3.下图装置常用来测定空气中氧气的含量。
下列对该实验的认识中正确的是()A.红磷燃烧产生大量白色烟雾B.燃烧匙中的红磷可以换成细铁丝C.该实验可说明氮气难溶于水D.红磷的量不足会导致进入集气瓶中水的体积大于1/54.(22分)某研究性学习小组欲利用下列装置进行相关气体制取的探究,请你分析并填空。
(1)指出仪器名称①,②;(2)若实验室选用B装置制氧气①发生反应的化学符号表达式是,加入药品前,应首先;如果在装配时试管内少放了一团棉花会导致。
②若用D收集氧气,应如何验满?③若选用C装置收集氧气,制取氧气装置内空气被排尽的标志是;氧气收集满并取出集气瓶后,停止该实验的正确操作步骤是先,后。
其原因是。
(3)如果用A装置来制取氧气,其反应的化学符号表达式为;该装置中所加固体试剂的名称是,它在反应中起作用。
(4)比较(2)和(3)两种制取氧气的方法,最好选用方法原因是(答一点)。
(5)若装置A中反应剧烈,从实验安全角度考虑,可采取的措施有(填序号)。
①用容积较小的锥形瓶;②控制液体的滴加速度;③加热反应物;④降低反应物浓度。
⑹若选用F装置收集氧气,气体从通入。
⑺制取甲烷气体一般采用装置C进行收集,收集满后集气瓶的放置方式如下图所示,据此可推断甲烷一定具备的物理性质是:。
江苏省南京市南师附中树人学校2024届化学九年级第一学期期中学业质量监测模拟试题含答案解析
江苏省南京市南师附中树人学校2024届化学九年级第一学期期中学业质量监测模拟试题注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、单选题(本题包括12个小题,每小题3分,共36分.每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.2017年5月,中科院、国家语委和全国科技名词委正式定名117号元素为“石田”,其部分信息如图所示。
下列有关钿的说法正确的是()A.元素符号为Ts B.相对原子质量为117C.原子的核电荷数为177 D.原子的核外电子数为2942.下列实验操作中,正确的是()A.读取液体体积B.过滤浑浊的水C.点燃酒精灯D.加热液体3.集气瓶中装满某气体,可能是下列气体中的一种:①二氧化碳②氧气③空气④氮气将燃着的木条伸入瓶中,火焰立即熄灭,则该瓶气体可能是()A.①或②B.②或③C.①或④D.③或④4.微粒是构成化学物质的基础,下列对微粒的描述正确的是()A.仅有碳原子构成的物质属于纯净物B.原子中一定含有质子、中子、电子C.NaCl是由离子构成的,所以HCl也是有离子构成的D.Cl-的离子结构示意图为5.下列实验操作中,不正确的是()A.检查气密性B.倾倒液体C.取用固体D.过滤6.下列物质在空气或氧气中燃烧时,现象描述正确的是()A.红磷在空气中燃烧,产生大量白雾B.硫在氧气中燃烧,发出微弱的淡蓝色火焰C.木炭在氧气中燃烧,发出白光,放出热量D.铁丝在氧气中剧烈燃烧,火星四溅,放出热量,生成红色粉末7.向一定质量的过氧化氢溶液中加入一些二氧化锰,立即产生氧气,下列说法正确的是A.过氧化氢中含有水和氧气B.反应物有过氧化氢和二氧化锰C.二氧化锰加速过氧化氢分解出氧气D.过氧化氢使二氧化锰分解产生氧气8.根据以下粒子结构示意图,其中说法不正确的是()A.它们依次表示原子、离子、离子B.它们的核外电子数相同C.它们表示同一种元素D.它们都具有相对稳定的结构9.下列实验现象的描述中,正确的是()A.木炭在氧气中燃烧,生成有刺激性气味的气体B.硫在氧气中燃烧,发出淡蓝色火焰C.铁丝在氧气中燃烧,火星四射,生成黑色固体D.硫在氧气中燃烧生成二氧化硫10.下列各图能正确反映其对应变化关系的是A.图1,电解一定质量的水B.图2,在充足的氧气中燃烧铁丝C.图3,加热等质量氯酸钾D.图4.在过氧化氢溶液中加少量二氧化锰11.下列各项中属于对物质化学性质进行描述是( )A.铜有良好的导电性B.氧气无色无味C.氧气能助燃D.酒精能挥发12.拉瓦锡用汞进行实验,发现了空气的组成.汞元素的符号是()A.Ag B.He C.Hg D.Mg二、填空题(本题包括4个小题,每小题7分,共28分)13.有关实验室制取氧气的实验,请结合图示装置回答下列问题:(1)写出仪器名称:②__________。
江苏省南京树人中学2022-2023学年九年级数学第一学期期末质量检测试题含解析
2022-2023学年九上数学期末模拟试卷注意事项1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答;第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3.考试结束后,考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上,待监考员收回。
一、选择题(每题4分,共48分)1.如图,点A ,B ,C ,D 四个点均在⊙O 上,∠A =70°,则∠C 为( )A .35°B .70°C .110°D .120°2.如图,在▱ABCD 中,F 为BC 的中点,延长AD 至E ,使DE :AD =1:3,连接FF 交DC 于点G ,则DG :CG =( )A .1:2B .2:3C .3:4D .2:5 3.如图所示,二次函数22y x x k =-++的图像与x 轴的一个交点坐标为(3,0),则关于x 的一元二次方程220x x k -++=的解为( )A .123,2x x ==-B .123,1x x ==-C .121,1x x ==-D .123,3x x ==-4.下列标志中既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是( )A .B .C .D .5.若关于x 的一元二次方程220x x m --= 有实数根,则m 的值不可能是( )A .2-B .1-C .0D .20186.如图是二次函数y=ax 1+bx+c (a≠0)图象的一部分,对称轴是直线x=﹣1.关于下列结论:①ab<0;②b 1﹣4ac>0;③9a ﹣3b+c>0;④b ﹣4a=0;⑤ 方程ax 1+bx=0的两个根为 x 1=0,x 1=﹣4,其中正确的结论有( )A .②③B .②③④C .②③⑤D .②③④⑤ 7.如图,BC 是A 的内接正十边形的一边,BD 平分ABC ∠交AC 于点D ,则下列结论正确的有( )①BC BD AD ==;②2BC DC AC =⋅;③2AB AD =;④512BC AC -=.A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个8.小敏在今年的校运动会跳远比赛中跳出了满意一跳,函数23.5 4.9h t t =-(t 的单位:s ,h 的单位:m )可以描述他跳跃时重心高度的变化,则他起跳后到重心最高时所用的时间是( )A .1.71sB .1.71sC .1.63sD .1.36s9.如图,在Rt ABC ∆中,90C CD AB ∠=︒⊥,,垂足为点D ,一直角三角板的直角顶点与点D 重合,这块三角板饶点D 旋转,两条直角边始终与AC BC 、边分别相交于G H 、,则在运动过程中,ADG ∆与CDH ∆的关系是( )A .一定相似B .一定全等C .不一定相似D .无法判断10.已知(﹣1,y 1),(2,y 2),(3,y 3)在二次函数y =﹣x 2+4x +c 的图象上,则y 1,y 2,y 3的大小关系正确的是( ) A .y 1<y 2<y 3 B .y 3<y 2<y 1 C .y 3<y 1<y 2 D .y 1<y 3<y 211.某药品经过两次降价,每瓶零售价由168元降为108元,已知两次降价的百分率相同,设每次降价的百分率为x ,根据题意列方程得( )A .168(1﹣x )2=108B .168(1﹣x 2)=108C .168(1﹣2x )=108D .168(1+x )2=10812.如图,线段AB 两个端点的坐标分别为A(4,4),B(6,2),以原点O 为位似中心,在第一象限内将线段AB 缩小为原来的12后得到线段CD ,则端点C 和D 的坐标分别为( )A .(2,2),(3,2)B .(2,4),(3,1)C .(2,2),(3,1)D .(3,1),(2,2) 二、填空题(每题4分,共24分)13.已知a 、b 、c 满足346a b c ==,a 、b 、c 都不为0,则a b c b+-=_____. 14.如图,点E 是矩形ABCD 中CD 边上一点,将BCE 沿BE 折叠为BFE △,点F 落在边AD 上,若8AB =,10BC =,则CE =________.15.如图,点B 是反比例函数上一点,矩形OABC 的周长是20,正方形BCGH 和正方形OCDF 的面积之和为68,则反比例函数的解析式是_____.16.已知关于x 的一元二次方程2350ax bx --=的一个根是2,则812a b -的值是:______.17.某校欲从初三级部3名女生,2名男生中任选两名学生代表学校参加全市举办的“中国梦•青春梦”演讲比赛,则恰好选中一男一女的概率是_____.18.已知正方形ABCD 的边长为2,分别以B 、D 为圆心,以正方形的边长为半径在正方形内画弧,得到如图所示的阴影部分,若随机向正方形ABCD 内投掷一颗石子,则石子落在阴影部分的概率为_____.(结果保留π)三、解答题(共78分)19.(8分)如图1,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,函数m y x=(m 为常数,1m ,0x >)的图象经过点(),1P m 和()1,Q m ,直线PQ 与x 轴,y 轴分别交于C ,D 两点.(1)求OCD ∠的度数;(2)如图2,连接OQ 、OP ,当DOQ OCD POC ∠=∠-∠时,求此时m 的值:(3)如图3,点A ,点B 分别在x 轴和y 轴正半轴上的动点.再以OA 、OB 为邻边作矩形OAMB .若点M 恰好在函数m y x=(m 为常数,1m ,0x >)的图象上,且四边形BAPQ 为平行四边形,求此时OA 、OB 的长度. 20.(8分)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,点B 在x 轴上,∠ABO =90°,AB =BO ,直线y =﹣3x ﹣4与反比例函数y =()0k x x<交于点A ,交y 轴于C 点.(1)求k的值;(2)点D与点O关于AB对称,连接AD、CD,证明△ACD是直角三角形;(3)在(2)的条件下,点E在反比例函数图象上,若S△OCE=S△OCD,求点E的坐标.21.(8分)某学校从360名九年级学生中抽取了部分学生进行体育测试,并就他们的成绩(成绩分为A、B、C三个层次)进行分析,绘制了频数分布表与频数分布直方图(如图),请根据图表信息解答下列问题:分组频数频率C 10 0.10B 0.50A 40合计 1.00(1)补全频数分布表与频数分布直方图;(2)如果成绩为A层次的同学属于优秀,请你估计该校九年级约有多少人达到优秀水平?22.(10分)已知:如图,在平面直角坐标系中,△ABC是直角三角形,∠ACB=90°,点A,C的坐标分别为A(﹣3,0),C(1,0),tan∠BAC=34.(1)写出点B的坐标;(2)在x轴上找一点D,连接BD,使得△ADB与△ABC相似(不包括全等),并求点D的坐标;(3)在(2)的条件下,如果点P 从点A 出发,以2cm /秒的速度沿AB 向点B 运动,同时点Q 从点D 出发,以1cm /秒的速度沿DA 向点A 运动.当一个点停止运动时,另一个点也随之停止运动.设运动时间为t .问是否存在这样的t 使得△APQ 与△ADB 相似?如存在,请求出t 的值;如不存在,请说明理由.23.(10分)放寒假,小明的爸爸把油箱注满油后准备驾驶汽车到距家300km 的学校接小明,在接到小明后立即按原路返回,已知小明爸爸汽车油箱的容积为70L ,请回答下列问题:(1)写出油箱注满油后,汽车能够行使的总路程()s km 与平均耗油量(/)x L km 之间的函数关系式;(2)小明的爸爸以平均每千米耗油0.1L 的速度驾驶汽车到达学校,在返回时由于下雨,小明的爸爸降低了车速,此时每千米的耗油量增加了一倍,如果小明的爸爸始终以此速度行使,油箱里的油是否够回到家?如果不够用,请通过计算说明至少还需加多少油?24.(10分)如图,二次函数2(2)y x m =-+的图象与一次函数y kx b =+的图象交于点 (1,0)A 及点(,3)B n(1)求二次函数的解析式及B 的坐标(2)根据图象,直按写出满足2(2)kx b x m +≥-+的x 的取值范围 25.(12分)如图,某居民楼AB 的前面有一围墙CD ,在点E 处测得楼顶A 的仰角为25︒,在F 处测得楼顶A 的仰角为45︒,且CE 的高度为2米,CF 之间的距离为20米(B ,F ,C 在同一条直线上).(1)求居民楼AB 的高度.(2)请你求出A 、E 两点之间的距离.(参考数据:sin 250.42︒≈,cos250.91︒≈,tan 250.47︒≈,结果保留整数)26.如图,已知点D在△ABC的外部,AD∥BC,点E在边AB上,AB•AD=BC•AE.(1)求证:∠BAC=∠AED;(2)在边AC取一点F,如果∠AFE=∠D,求证:AD AF BC AC=.参考答案一、选择题(每题4分,共48分)1、C【分析】根据圆内接四边形的性质即可求出∠C.【详解】∵四边形ABCD是圆内接四边形,∴∠C=180°﹣∠A=110°,故选:C.【点睛】此题考查的是圆的内接四边形,掌握圆内接四边形的性质:对角互补,是解决此题的关键.2、B【分析】由平行四边形的性质可得AD=BC,AD∥BC,可证△DEG∽△CFG,可得DG DECG CF==23.【详解】∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形,∴AD=BC,AD∥BC,∵F为BC的中点,∴CF=BF=12BC=12AD,∵DE:AD=1:3,∴DE:CF=2:3,∵AD ∥BC ,∴△DEG ∽△CFG , ∴DG DE CG CF ==23. 故选:B .【点睛】此题主要考查相似三角形的判定与性质,解题的关键是熟知平行四边形的性质及相似三角形的判定与性质. 3、B【分析】先确定抛物线的对称轴,然后根据抛物线的对称性确定图象与x 轴的另一个交点,再根据二次函数与一元二次方程的关系解答即可.【详解】解:∵二次函数22y x x k =-++的对称轴是直线1x =,图象与x 轴的一个交点坐标为(3,0), ∴图象与x 轴的另一个交点坐标为(﹣1,0),∴一元二次方程220x x k -++=的解为123,1x x ==-.故选:B .【点睛】本题考查了二次函数的图象与性质以及二次函数与一元二次方程的关系,属于常考题型,熟练掌握基本知识是解题的关键.4、C【解析】根据轴对称图形与中心对称图形的概念求解.【详解】解:A 、是轴对称图形,不是中心对称图形.故错误;B 、不是轴对称图形,也不是中心对称图形.故错误;C 、是轴对称图形,也是中心对称图形.故正确;D 、是轴对称图形,不是中心对称图形.故错误.故选:C .【点睛】本题考查中心对称图形与轴对称图形的概念,轴对称图形的关键是寻找对称轴,图形两部分折叠后可重合;中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心,旋转180度后与原图重合.5、A【分析】由题意直接根据一元二次方程根的判别式,进行分析计算即可求出答案.【详解】解:由题意可知:△=24b ac -=4+4m ≥0,∴m ≥-1, m 的值不可能是-2.故选:A .【点睛】本题考查一元二次方程,解题的关键是熟练运用一元二次方程的根的判别式进行分析求解.6、D【分析】根据二次函数的图像与性质即可得出答案.【详解】由图像可知,a <0,b <0,故①错误;∵图像与x 轴有两个交点∴240b ac =->,故②正确;当x=-3时,y=9a ﹣3b+c ,在x 轴的上方∴y=9a ﹣3b+c>0,故③正确; ∵对称轴22b x a=-=- ∴b-4a=0,故④正确;由图像可知,方程ax 1+bx=0的两个根为 x 1=0,x 1=﹣4,故⑤正确;故答案选择D.【点睛】本题考查的是二次函数的图像与性质,难度系数中等,解题关键是根据图像判断出a ,b 和c 的值或者取值范围. 7、C【分析】①③,根据已知把∠ABD ,∠CBD ,∠A 角度确定相等关系,得到等腰三角形证明腰相等即可;②通过证△ABC ∽△BCD ,从而确定②是否正确,根据AD =BD =BC ,即BC AC BC AC BC -=解得AC ,故④正确. 【详解】①BC 是⊙A 的内接正十边形的一边,因为AB =AC ,∠A =36°, 所以∠ABC =∠C =72°, 又因为BD 平分∠ABC 交AC 于点D ,∴∠ABD =∠CBD =12∠ABC =36°=∠A , ∴AD =BD ,∠BDC =∠ABD +∠A =72°=∠C ,∴BC =BD ,∴BC =BD =AD ,正确;又∵△ABD 中,AD+BD >AB∴2AD >AB, 故③错误.②根据两角对应相等的两个三角形相似易证△ABC ∽△BCD ,∴BC CD AB BC=,又AB =AC , 故②正确, 根据AD =BD =BC ,即BC AC BC AC BC -=,解得AC ,故④正确, 故选C .【点睛】 本题主要考查圆的几何综合,解决本题的关键是要熟练掌握圆的基本性质和几何图形的性质.8、D【分析】找重心最高点,就是要求这个二次函数的顶点,应该把一般式化成顶点式后,直接解答.【详解】解:h=3.5t-4.9t 2=-4.9(t-514)2+58, ∵-4.9<1∴当t=514≈1.36s 时,h 最大. 故选D.【点睛】此题主要考查了二次函数的应用,根据题意得出顶点式在解题中的作用是解题关键.9、A【分析】根据已知条件可得出A DCB ∠∠=,ADG CDH ∠∠=,再结合三角形的内角和定理可得出AGD CHD ∠∠=,从而可判定两三角形一定相似.【详解】解:由已知条件可得,ADC EDF CDB C 90∠∠∠∠====︒,∵A ACD ACD DCH 90∠∠∠∠+=+=︒,∴A DCH ∠∠=,∵ADG EDC EDC CDH 90∠∠∠∠+=+=︒,∴ADG CDH ∠∠=,继而可得出AGD CHD ∠∠=,∴ADG ~CDH .故选:A .【点睛】本题考查的知识点是相似三角形的判定定理,灵活利用三角形内角和定理以及余角定理是解此题的关键.10、D【分析】首先根据二次函数解析式确定抛物线的对称轴为x=1,再根据抛物线的增减性以及对称性可得y1,y1,y3的大小关系.【详解】∵二次函数y=-x1+4x+c=-(x-1)1+c+4,∴对称轴为x=1,∵a<0,∴x<1时,y随x增大而增大,当x>1时,y随x的增大而减小,∵(-1,y1),(1,y1),(3,y3)在二次函数y=-x1+4x+c的图象上,且-1<1<3,|-1-1|>|1-3|,∴y1<y3<y1.故选D.【点睛】本题考查了二次函数图象上点的坐标特征,以及二次函数的性质,关键是掌握二次函数图象上点的坐标满足其解析式.11、A【分析】设每次降价的百分率为x,根据降价后的价格=降价前的价格(1-降价的百分率),则第一次降价后的价格是168(1-x),第二次后的价格是168(1-x)2,据此即可列方程求解.【详解】设每次降价的百分率为x,根据题意得:168(1-x)2=1.故选A.【点睛】此题主要考查了一元二次方程的应用,关键是根据题意找到等式两边的平衡条件,这种价格问题主要解决价格变化前后的平衡关系,列出方程即可.12、C【解析】直接利用位似图形的性质得出对应点坐标乘以12得出即可.【详解】解:∵线段AB两个端点的坐标分别为A(4,4),B(6,2),以原点O为位似中心,在第一象限内将线段AB缩小为原来的12后得到线段CD,∴端点的坐标为:(2,2),(3,1).故选C.【点睛】本题考查位似变换;坐标与图形性质,数形结合思想解题是本题的解题关键.二、填空题(每题4分,共24分)13、72【解析】设,346a b c k ===则3,4,6,a k b k c k ===所以347642a b k k c b k k ++==--,故答案为:7 2. 14、5【分析】由矩形的性质可得AB=CD=8,AD=BC=10,∠A=∠D=90°,由折叠的性质可求BF=BC=10,EF=CE ,由勾股定理可求AF 的长,CE 的长.【详解】解:∵四边形ABCD 是矩形∴AB=CD=8,AD=BC=10,∠A=∠D=90°,∵将△BCE 沿BE 折叠为△BFE ,在Rt △ABF 中,=6∴DF=AD-AF=4在Rt △DEF 中,DF 2+DE 2=EF 2=CE 2,∴16+(8-CE )2=CE 2,∴CE=5故答案为:5【点睛】本题考查了矩形的性质,折叠的性质,勾股定理,灵活运用这些性质进行推理是本题的关键.15、y=16x. 【详解】解:设矩形OABC 的两边分别为a ,b 则a +b=10,a 2+b 2=68∵(a +b) 2=a 2+b 2+2ab∴2ab =(a +b)2- (a 2+b 2)=32∴ab =16 ∴反比例函数的解析式是16y x=【点睛】本题考查①矩形、正方形面积公式; ②完全平方公式;③反比例函数面积有关的问题.此种试题,相对复杂,需要学生掌握矩形、正方形面积公式,并利用完全平方公式和反比例函数相关的问题.16、1【分析】先将所求式子化成4(23)a b -,再根据一元二次方程的根的定义得出一个a 、b 的等式,然后将其代入求解即可得.【详解】8124(23)a b a b -=-由题意,将2x =代入方程得:223250a b -⨯-=整理得:465a b -=,即5232a b -=将5232a b -=代入得:58124(23)4102a b a b -=-=⨯= 故答案为:1.【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的根的定义、代数式的化简求值,利用一元二次方程的根的定义得出465a b -=是解题关键. 17、35【解析】结合题意,画树状图进行计算,即可得到答案.【详解】画树状图为:共20种等可能的结果数,其中选中一男一女的结果数为12,∴恰好选中一男一女的概率是123205=, 故答案为:35. 【点睛】本题考查概率,解题的关键是熟练掌握树状图法求概率.18、22π-【分析】先求出空白部分面积,进而得出阴影部分面积,再利用石子落在阴影部分的概率=阴影部分面积÷正方形面积,进而得出答案.【详解】∵扇形ABC 中空白面积=2290(2)(2)22ππ⨯=-, ∴正方形中空白面积=2×(2﹣2π)=4﹣π, ∴阴影部分面积=2﹣(4﹣π)=π﹣2,∴随机向正方形ABCD 内投掷一颗石子,石子落在阴影部分的概率=22π- .故答案为:22π-.【点睛】 本题主要考查扇形的面积公式和概率公式,通过割补法,求出阴影部分面积,是解题的关键.三、解答题(共78分)19、(1)45OCD ∠=︒;(2)1m ;(3)OA OB == 【分析】(1)根据点P 、Q 的坐标求出直线PQ 的解析式,得到点C 、D 的坐标,根据线段长度得到OCD ∠的度数; (2)根据已知条件求出∠QOP=45︒,再由222DQ PC PQ +=即可求出m 的值;(3)根据平行四边形及矩形的性质得到45BAO DCO ∠=∠=︒,OA OB =,设设OA OB n ==,得到点M 的坐标,又由AB PQ =两者共同求出n ,得到结果.【详解】(1)由(),1P m ,()1,Q m ,得()1PQ y x m =-++,∴()0,1D m +,()1,0C m +∴1OC OD m ==+,∴COD ∆为等腰直角三角形,∴45OCD ∠=︒;(2)∵DOQ OCD POC ∠=∠-∠,∴45DOQ POC OCD ︒∠+∠=∠=,∴90()904545QOP DOQ POC ︒︒︒︒∠=-∠+∠=-=易得222DQ PC PQ +=, ∴2222221111(1)(1)m m +++=-+-,∴1m (舍负);(3)∵四边形ABPQ 为平行四边形, ∴//AB PQ ,又45DCO ∠=︒,∴45BAO DCO ∠=∠=︒,∴OA OB =.设OA OB n ==.则M 为(),n n 代入m y x =,∴m n n =,∴2m n =, 又AB PQ =,∴()221n m =-,由2m n =,得152n +=(舍负), ∴当152OA OB +==时,符合题意.【点睛】此题是反比例函数与一次函数的综合题,考查反比例函数的性质,一次函数的性质,勾股定理,矩形的性质,平行四边形的性质.20、(1)-4;(2)见解析;(3)点E 的坐标为(﹣4,1).【分析】(1)根据一次函数图象上点的坐标特征求出点A 的坐标,利用待定系数法求出k ;(2)先求出点D 的坐标,求出∠ADB=45°,∠ODC=45°,从而得解;(3)设出点E 的坐标,根据三角形的面积公式解答.【详解】(1)设点B 的坐标为(a ,0),∵∠ABO =90°,AB =BO ,∴点A 的坐标为(a ,﹣a ),∵点A 在直线y =﹣3x ﹣4上,∴﹣a =﹣3a ﹣4,解得,a =﹣2,即点A 的坐标为(﹣2,2),∵点A 在反比例函数y =k x上, ∴k =﹣4;(2)∵点D 与点O 关于AB 对称,∴点D 的坐标为(﹣4,0)∴OD =4,∴DB =BA =2,则∠ADB =45°,∵直线y=﹣3x﹣4交y轴于C点,∴点C的坐标为(0,﹣4),∴OD=OC,∴∠ODC=45°,∴∠ADC=∠ADB+∠ODC=90°,即△ACD是直角三角形;(3)设点E的坐标为(m,﹣4m),∵S△OCE=S△OCD,∴12×4×4=12×4×(﹣m),解得,m=﹣4,∴﹣4m=1,∴点E的坐标为(﹣4,1).【点睛】本题考查的是反比例函数与几何的综合题,掌握待定系数法求反比例函数解析式是解题的关键.21、(2)见解析;(2)244人【分析】(2)首先利用C组的数据可以求出抽取了部分学生的总人数,然后利用频率或频数即可补全频数分布表与频数分布直方图;(2)根据(2)的几个可以得到A等级的同学的频率,然后乘以362即可得到该校九年级约有多少人达到优秀水平.【详解】(2)补全频数分布表如下:补全直方图如下:(2)∵A层次的同学人数为42人,频率为2.42,∴估计该校九年级约有2.4×362=244人达到优秀水平.【点睛】本题考查的知识点是频率分布表及用样本估计总体以及频率分布直方图,解题的关键是熟练的掌握频率分布表及用样本估计总体以及频率分布直方图.22、(1)点B的坐标为(1,3);(2)点D的坐标为(134,0);(3)存在,当t=2514s或12552s时,△APQ与△ADB相似.【分析】(1)根据正切的定义求出BC,得到点B的坐标;(2)根据△ABC∽△ADB,得到ACAB=ABAD,代入计算求出AD,得到点D的坐标;(3)分△APQ∽△ABD、△AQP∽△ABD两种情况,根据相似三角形的性质列式计算即可.【详解】解:(1)∵A(﹣3,0),C(1,0),∴AC=4,∵∠ACB=90°,tan∠BAC=34,∴BCAC=34,即4BC=34,解得,BC=3,∴点B的坐标为(1,3);(2)如图1,作BD⊥BA交x轴于点D,则∠ACB=∠ABD=90°,又∠A=∠A,∴△ABC∽△ADB,∴ACAB=ABAD,在Rt△ABC中,AB=22AC BC+=2243+=5,∴45=5AD,解得,AD=254,则OD=AD﹣AO=134,∴点D的坐标为(134,0);(3)存在,由题意得,AP=2t,AQ=254﹣t,当PQ⊥AB时,PQ∥BD,∴△APQ∽△ABD,∴APAB=AQAD,即25t=254254t-,解得,t=25 14,当PQ⊥AD时,∠AQP=∠ABD,∠A=∠A,∴△AQP∽△ABD,∴AP AD =AQ AB ,即2254t =2545t -, 解得,t =12552, 综上所述,当t =2514s 或12552s 时,△APQ 与△ADB 相似. 【点睛】本题考查的是相似三角形的判定和性质、坐标与图形性质,掌握相似三角形的判定定理和性质定理是解题的关键.23、(1)70s x=;(2)不够,至少要加油20L 【分析】(1)根据总路程()s km ×平均耗油量(/)x L km =油箱总油量求解即可;(2)先计算去时所用油量,再计算返回时用油量,与油箱中剩余油量作比较即可得出答案.【详解】解:(1)由题意可得出总路程()s km 与平均耗油量(/)x L km 的函数关系式为:70s x=; (2)小明的爸爸始终以此速度行使,油箱里的油不能够回到家小明爸爸去时用油量是:3000.130⨯=(L )油箱剩下的油量是:703040-=(L )返回每千米用油量是:0.120.2⨯=(/L km )返回时用油量是:3000.260⨯=(L )40L >.所以,油箱里的油不能够回到家,至少要加油:604020L -=()【点睛】本题考查的知识点是求反比例函数的解析式,比较基础,易于掌握.24、(1)2(2)1y x =--或2(23)y x x =-+,点B 的坐标为(4,3);(2)当14x ≤≤时,kx+b≥(x-2)2+m【分析】(1)先将点A (1,0)代入2(2)y x m =-+求出m 的值,即可得出二次函数的解析式,再将(,3)B n 代入二次函数的解析式即可求出B 的坐标;(2)根据图象和A 、B 的交点坐标可直接求出2(2)kx b x m +≥-+的x 的取值范围.【详解】解:(1)∵二次函数y=(x-2)2+m 的图象经过点A (1,0)∴2(12)0m -+=解得:1m =-∴二次函数的解析式为22(2)1(23)y x y x x =--=-+或23(2)13y n =--=当时,解得:14n = 20n =(不合题意,舍去)∴点B 的坐标为(4,3)(2)由图像可知二次函数y=(x-2)2+m 的图像与一次函数y=kx+b 的图象交于点A (1,0)及点B (4,3) ∴当14x ≤≤时,k x+b≥(x-2)2+m【点睛】本题考查用待定系数法求二次函数的解析式:在利用待定系数法求二次函数关系式时,要根据题目给定的条件,选择恰当的方法设出关系式,从而代入数值求解.一般地,当已知抛物线上三点时,常选择一般式,用待定系数法列三元一次方程组来求解;当已知抛物线的顶点或对称轴时,常设其解析式为顶点式来求解;当已知抛物线与x 轴有两个交点时,可选择设其解析式为交点式来求解.25、(1)居民楼的高约为22米;(2)A 、E 之间的距离约为48米【分析】(1)过点E 作EM AB ⊥,垂足为M ,设AB 为x 在Rt ABF ∆中及Rt AEM ∆中,根据三角函数即可求得答案;(2)方法一:在Rt AME ∆中,根据cos 25ME AE ︒=,即可求得AE 的值. 方法二:在Rt AME ∆中,根据sin 25AM AE︒=,即可求得AE 的值. 【详解】(1)如图,过点E 作EM AB ⊥,垂足为M ,∴四边形ECBM 为矩形,∴EM BC =,CE BM =.设AB 为x .在Rt ABF ∆中,45AFB ∠=︒,∴BF AB x ==,∴20BC EM BF FC x ==+=+.在Rt AEM ∆中,25AEM ∠=︒,2AM AB BM AB CE x =-=-=-,∵tan 25AM ME ︒=, ∴20.4720x x -≈+, ∴22x ≈.答:居民楼的高约为22米.(2)方法一:由(1)可得20222042ME BC x ==+≈+=.在Rt AME ∆中,cos 25ME AE ︒=, ∴420.91AE≈, ∴46AE ≈,即A 、E 之间的距离约为46米.方法二:由(1)得22220AM =-=.在Rt AME ∆中,sin 25AM AE ︒=, ∴200.42AE≈, ∴48AE ≈,即A 、E 之间的距离约为48米.(注:此题学生算到46或48都算正确)【点睛】本题考查了解直角三角形的应用,构造直角三角形,得出三角函数的关系是解题的关键.26、见解析【解析】(1)欲证明∠BAC =∠AED ,只要证明△CBA ∽△DAE 即可;(2)由△DAE ∽△CBA ,可得AD DE BC AC=,再证明四边形ADEF 是平行四边形,推出DE =AF ,即可解决问题; 【详解】证明(1)∵AD ∥BC ,∴∠B =∠DAE ,∵AB ·AD =BC ·AE , ∴AB BC AE AD=, ∴△CBA ∽△DAE ,∴∠BAC =∠AE D .(2)由(1)得△DAE ∽△CBA∴∠D =∠C ,AD DE BC AC=,∵∠AFE=∠D,∴∠AFE=∠C,∴EF∥BC,∵AD∥BC,∴EF∥AD,∵∠BAC=∠AED,∴DE∥AC,∴四边形ADEF是平行四边形,∴DE=AF,∴AD AF BC AC=.【点睛】本题考查相似三角形的判定和性质,平行四边形的判定和性质等知识,解题的关键是熟练掌握基本知识,属于中考常考题型.。
树人学校试卷
南师附中树人学校初三英语总复习错题集一、单项选择。
1.I like to live in a house _______ is big and bright, but he lives _______ he was born.A.where, which B.which, that C.where, that D.that, where 2.—River dolphins (豚) that we haven't seen for years appear in the Yangtze River.—I think it's the _________ of 10-year fishing ban(禁令). It really works.A.result B.relief C.regret D.resolution 3.—My pet dog died yesterday. I'm in a bad mood.—________. I know how it feels.A.Sorry to hear that B.That's not the case C.Never mind D.It's a pleasure 4.—More and more high-technology products _____ in China.—Yes. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.A.is making B.are making C.is made D.are made 5.—What's the matter with my throat, doctor?—______. Drinking more hot water is OK.A.Something serious B.Nothing serious C.Serious something D.Serious nothing 6.—Many DIY cards ________ to mothers on Mother's Day every year.—How creative!A.is sending B.are sending C.is sent D.are sent 7.—Mike, I can't stop playing computer games.—For your eyes, my dear friend, I'm afraid you____.A.could B.may C.would D.have to 8.The ________ of oil goes higher and higher because of the war.A.price B.pride C.progress D.promise 9.I ________ about my sister when my phone rang. It was her!A.think B.will think C.was thinking D.am thinking 10.—How ________ this question is! I've spent two hours on it.—Let me help you!A.practical B.general C.difficult D.natural 11.—What a sunny day! Why not go camping with your friends?—________A.It's my pleasure.B.You'd better not.C.No, I don't mind.D.That sounds great. 12.—Dad, what's for dinner? It ________ nice!—I'm cooking chicken soup.A.tastes B.smells C.looks D.feels 13.—Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.—Oh, I didn't know. When ________?A.has he left B.was he leaving C.did he leave D.will he leave 14.Please ________ the tall buildings if the wind blows hard.A.run out of B.catch up with C.get on with D.keep away from 15.The police haven't found the little girl who ________ at a supermarket. They' ll keep doing all they can to find her.A.took away B.taken away C.has taken away D.was taken away 16.—Why could you write so well?—I read a lot, and the works of Ernest Hemingway had a strong____________ on me as a child.A.attention B.explanation C.situation D.influence 17.—Why didn't you go to my party last night?—Sorry, I was ________ for the English test at that time.A.caring B.looking C.studying D.searching 18.—Jack, tell me how to __________ this information.—All right, Grandma. You can type it on this keyboard.A.delete B.enter C.collect D.receive 19.—Shenzhou ⅩⅣcarried three Chinese astronauts into space successfully.—Wow, ________ exciting news! We are so proud.A.what B.what a C.what an D.how 20.—Kids should play outdoor games more instead of playing computer games.—________. It will be better for their eyes.A.Just so so B.Not at all C.I agree with you D.It's a pity21. Which of the underlined parts has a different sound from the other three?A. birdB. fatherC. nurseD. word22. I still like those good old songs I often listened to _________ myself in my spare time.A. enjoyB. enjoyingC. to enjoyD. enjoyed23. You should keep the window ______because the room is too hot.A. openB. openingC. opensD. opened24. --- What do you usually have_______breakfast?---Well, I often have some bread and a glass of milk______sugar.A. for; forB. with; forC. with; withD. for; with25. We can see many tress on ______side of the river.A. eachB. bothC. allD. every26. My English teacher hopes you _____________me with my English.A.will can helpB. are helpC. to helpD. will help27. The two coats are the _____________. They are _____________.A.twin’s; Lucy and Lily’sB. twin’s; Lucy’s and Lily’sC. twins’; Lucy’s and Lily’sD. twins’; Lucy’s and Lily28. I got a beautiful bike on _______ birthday. I like it very much.A. fifteenthB. fifteenC. my fifteenD. my fifteenth29. Nanjing is a city with many places of interest. _________ tourists come here every year.A. Thousand ofB. ThousandC. ThousandsD. Thousands of30. --- How much does it cost to build the school library?---Four______ yuan.A. millionB. millionsC. millions ofD. million of31. ---Could you tell me when you will ________Tokyo?---I’m not sure. When I _________, I will call you.A.arrive, reachB. reach, get toC. get to, arriveD. reach, arrive at32. ---Allen, why do you leave the things everywhere in your bedroom?---Sorry, Mum. I’ll________ my things at once.A.put onB. put awayC. put outD. put up33. _______ wonderful time to watch the birds on the coming holiday!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a34. The poor old man has nowhere _________. Let’s find a house for him ________.A. to live; livingB. to live in; to live inC. for live; to liveD. to live; to live in35. ---I feel thirsty now. Could you please give me ________ of milk to drink?--- Sure, here you are.A. a littleB. a bitC. littleD. a few36. --- You have joined the Tour Club, haven’t you?--- __________. I like travelling, but I don’t have any time.A. Yes, I doB. No, I don’tC. Yes, I haveD. No, I haven’t37. --- Have you ever been to Shanghai, Mary?--- Yes. I ________ there for three days with my parents last month.A. have goneB. have beenC. wentD. was38. --- Mum, I want to have some juice. I’m thirsty.--- Sorry, but there isn’t ______ at home.A. littleB. manyC. anyD. some39. The pears in this basket are smaller than ____ in that basket.A. itB. thatC. onesD. those40. I have many such books. Tomorrow I’ll bring here ______ one.A. otherB. anotherC. the othersD. the other41. I love ____. I hope one day I can take part in one of them, answer all the questions and win a big prize.A. chat showsB. game showsC. cartoonsD. documentaries42. Steve Jobs was full of ______---always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.A. instructionB. invitationC. introductionD. invention43. _________ great fun it is to have ice cream in hot summer!A. What aB. WhatC. HowD. How a44. ---When did you leave the bus station?---______ I saw him get on the bus and sit down.A. BeforeB. AfterC. SinceD. Until45. ---Has your friend completed his design ?---Not yet. He ________on it last night.A. workedB. has workedC. is workingD. was working46. ---Where’s Mr. Wang, do you know?--- Well, it’s hard to say. But I saw him ________ a football game just now.A. interestingB. watchingC. has watchedD. watched47. ---Is the film interesting?--- I thought it would be. But ________, it’s very boring.A. in allB. in factC. in additionD. in future48. ---Look, there are large_______ people in the theatre.--- Yes, _______ the people is more than two thousand.A. a number of, the number ofB. numbers of, a number ofC. numbers of, the number ofD. number of, the number of49. I don’t know when he _________ tomorrow. I think if he _______, I’ll go to see him.A. comes, comesB. will come, comesC. will come, will comeD. comes, will come50.--- Jack, I’d like to have your opinions about my report.--- __________. But I have one suggestion.A. That’s a good ideaB. I agree with youC. It looks fine to meD. Check it first51.Harry doesn’t take medicine when he catches a cold. He always believes that body is able to fight it by ____.A. himselfB. itselfC. themselvesD. herself52. Bryan will not want to have ______________ to do with horses in the future.A. everythingB. somethingC. anythingD. nothing53. ---The river is becoming dirtier because the steel factory has put waste into it.--- Yes. We must take action to improve the ____________.A. conditionB. pollutionC. positionD. situation54. When an earthquake happens, I think the most important safety _________ is to keep calm.A. ruleB. doubtC. conditionD. problem55. Eat less and exercise more, otherwise you will get out of ____________.A. orderB. weightC. shapeD. balance二、根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使得句子意思完整正确。
南京师范大学附中树人学校九年级数学下册第一单元《反比例函数》检测(包含答案解析)
一、选择题1.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,正方形ABCD 的顶点A 的坐标为()1,1-,点B 在x 轴正半轴上,点D 在第三象限的双曲线8y x =上,过点C 作//CE x 轴交双曲线于点E ,则CE 的长为( )A .85B .235C .2.3D .52.关于反比例函数3y x =,下列说法错误的是( ) A .图象关于原点对称 B .y 随x 的增大而减小C .图象分别位于第一、三象限D .若点(,)M a b 在其图象上,则3ab = 3.已知:点A(1,y 1)、B (2,y 2)、C(-3,y 3)都在反比例函数k y x =图象上(k>0),则y 1、y 2、y 3的关系是( )A .y 3<y 1<y 2B .y 1<y 2<y 3C .y 2<y 1<y 3D .y 3<y 2<y 1 4.反比例函数y=kb x的图象如图所示,则一次函数y=kx+b (k≠0)的图象的图象大致是( )A .B .C .D .5.若反比例函数()2221my m x -=-的图象在第二、四象限,则m 的值是( ) A .-1或1B .小于12的任意实数C .-1D .不能确定 6.反比例函数k y x =经过点(2,1),则下列说法错误..的是( ) A .2k = B .函数图象分布在第一、三象限C .当0x >时,y 随x 的增大而增大D .当0x >时,y 随x 的增大而减小 7.函数y kx k =-+与k y x=在同一坐标系中的图象可能是( ) A . B . C . D . 8.一次函数y =kx ﹣k 与反比例函数y =k x在同一直角坐标系内的图象大致是( ) A . B . C . D .9.如图,已知点A ,B 分别在反比例函数12y x =-和2k y x=的图象上,若点A 是线段OB 的中点,则k 的值为( ).A .8-B .8C .2-D .4- 10.函数k y x=与y kx k =-(0k ≠)在同一平面直角坐标系中的大致图象是( ) A . B . C . D . 11.函数y =x +m 与m y x=(m ≠0)在同一坐标系内的图象可以是( ) A . B .C .D .12.已知1(3A -,1)y 、1(2B -,2)y 、3(1,)C y 是一次函数3y x b =-+的图象上三点,则1y ,2y ,3y 的大小关系是( )A .123y y y <<B .213y y y <<C .312y y y <<D .321y y y <<二、填空题13.如图,反比例函数6y x=在第一象限的图象上有两点,,A B 它们的横坐标分别为1,3,则OAB ∆的面积为___.14.如图,一次函数y 1=ax+b 与反比例函数2k y x=的图像交于A(1,4)、B(4,1)两点,若使y 1>y 2,则x 的取值范围是___________.15.在平面直角坐标系中,点A (﹣2,1),B (3,2),C (﹣6,m )分别在三个不同的象限.若反比例函数y =k x(k ≠0)的图象经过其中两点,则m 的值为_____. 16.如图,B(2,﹣2),C(3,0),以OC ,CB 为边作平行四边形OABC ,则经过点A 的反比例函数的解析式为_____.17.如图,△DEF 的三个顶点分别在反比例函数=xy n 与()0,0xy m x m n =>>>的图象上,若DB ⊥x 轴于B 点,FE ⊥x 轴于C 点,若B 为OC 的中点,△DEF 的面积为6,则m 与n 的关系式是____.18.如图,点()11,P x y ,点()22,P x y ,…点(),n n P x y 在函数()90y x x=>的图象上, 112123231,,n n n POA P A A P A A P A A -⋅⋅⋅都是等腰直角三角形,斜边112231,,,n n OA A A A A A A -⋅⋅⋅都在x 轴上(n 是大于或等于2的正数数),则12n y y y ++⋅⋅⋅+=__________.(用含n 的式子表示)19.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,反比例函数y=k x(k≠0),经过▱ABCD 的顶点B .D ,点A 的坐标为(0,-1),AB ∥x 轴,CD 经过点(0,2),▱ABCD 的面积是18,则点C 的坐标是______.20.如图,菱形ABCD 顶点A 在函数y=4x(x>0)的图像上,函数y=k x (k>4,x>0)的图象关于直线AC 对称,且经过点B 、D 两点,若AB=4,∠ADC=150°,则k=______。
南京师范大学附中树人学校九年级数学上册第一单元《一元二次方程》检测(包含答案解析)
一、选择题1.下列方程属于一元二次方程的是( ) A .222-=x x x B .215x x+= C .220++=ax bx cD .223x x +=2.一个大正方形内放入两个同样大小的小正方形纸片,按如图1放置,两个小正方形纸片的重叠部分面积为4;按如图2放置(其中一小张正方形居大正方形的正中),大正方形中没有被小正方形覆盖的部分(阴影部分)的面积为44,则把两张小正方形按如图3放置时,两个小正方形重叠部分的面积为( )A .10B .12C .14D .163.某小区2018年屋顶绿化面积为22000m ,计划2020年屋顶绿化面积要达到22880m .设该小区2018年至2020年屋顶绿化面积的年平均增长率为x ,则可列方程为( )A .2000(12)2880x +=B .2000(1)2880x ⨯+=C .220002000(1)2000(1)2880x x ++++=D .22000(1)2880x +=4.若用配方法解方程24121x x +=,通常要在此方程两边同时加上一个“适当”的数,则下面变形恰当的是( )A .2221212412122x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫++=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭B .22241212112x x ++=+C .2412919x x ++=+D .241212112x x ++=+5.日历中含有丰富的数学知识,如在图1所示的日历中用阴影圈出9个数,这9个数的大小之间存在着某种规律.小慧在2020年某月的日历中也按图1所示方式圈出9个数(如图2),发现这9个数中最大的数与最小的数乘积是297,则这9个数中,中间的数e 是( ) 日一二 三 四 五 六1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25262728293031abcd ef ghi图1 图2A .17B .18C .19D .20 6.设m 、n 是一元二次方程2430x x -+=的两个根,则23m m n -+=( ) A .1-B .1C .17-D .177.为促进消费,重庆市政府开展发放政府补贴消费的“消费券活动”,某超市的月销售额逐步增加;据统计4月份的销售额为200万元,接下来5月,6月的月增长率相同,6月份的销售额为500万元,若设5月、6月每月的增长率为x ,则可列方程为( ) A .()2001500x += B .()2002001500x ++= C .()22001500+=x D .()20012500+=x8.在元旦庆祝活动中,参加活动的同学互赠贺卡,共送贺卡42张,则参加活动的同学有( ) A .6人 B .7人 C .8人 D .9人 9.若关于x 的一元二次方程260x x c -+=有两个相等的实数根,则常数c 的值为( ) A .3 B .6 C .8 D .9 10.关于x 的一元二次方程(a -1)x²-x +a²-1=0的一个根是0,则a 的值为( ) A .1 B .-1C .1或-1D .011.有1人患了流感,经过两轮传染后共有81人患流感,则每轮传染中平均一个人传染了( )人. A .40 B .10C .9D .812.下列关于x 的一元二次方程中,有两个不相等的实数根的方程是( )A .290x +=B .24410x x -+=C .210x x ++=D .210x x +-=二、填空题13.已知方程2230x x +-=的解是11x =,23x =-,则方程2(3)2(3)30x x +++-=的解是_____.14.某农场的粮食产量在两年内从增加3000t 到3630,t 则平均每年增产的百分率是______________.15.一元二次方程()10x x -=的根是________________________. 16.方程2350x x -=的一次项系数是______.17.已知函数2y mx m m =++为正比例函数,则常数m 的值为______. 18.函数()2835my m x -=+-是一次函数,则m =______.19.若关于x 的一元二次方程x 2+2x ﹣m 2﹣m =0(m >0),当m =1、2、3、…2020时,相应的一元二次方程的两个根分别记为α1、β1,α2、β2,…,α2020、β2020,则112220202020111111αβαβαβ++++++的值为_____.20.当x=______时,−4x 2−4x+1有最大值.三、解答题21.商店销售某种商品,每件成本为30元.经市场调研,售价为40元时,可销售200件;售价每增加2元,销售量将减少20件.如果这种商品全部销售完,该商店可盈利2250元,那么该商品每件售价多少元? 22.解方程. (1)2560x x -+=.(2)23(21)(21)x x -=-.(3)23139x x x -=--. 23.解下列方程(1)22(4)216x x +=-;(2)22x x =+.24.已知关于x 的一元二次方程22210x k x k +++=()有两个不相等的实数根. (1)求k 的取值范围;(2)设方程的两个实数根分别为12,x x ,当1k =时,求2212x x +的值.25.(1)计算:()21332273-+--⨯. (2)解一元二次方程:x 2﹣4x ﹣5=0.26.如图,在ABC 中,13AB AC ==厘米,10BC =厘米,AD BC ⊥于点D ,动点P 从点A 出发以每秒1厘米的速度在线段AD 上向终点D 运动.设动点运动时间为t 秒.(1)求AD 的长;(2)当PDC △的面积为15平方厘米时,求t 的值;(3)动点M 从点C 出发以每秒2厘米的速度在射线CB 上运动.点M 与点P 同时出发,且当点P 运动到终点D 时,点M 也停止运动.是否存在t ,使得112PMDABCS S =?若存在,请求出t 的值;若不存在,请说明理由.【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题 1.D 解析:D 【分析】一元二次方程必须满足两个条件:(1)未知数的最高次数是2;(2)二次项系数不为0.据此判断即可. 【详解】解:A 、移项得:20x -=,是一元一次方程,不是一元二次方程,故本选项错误; B 、不是整式方程,即不是一元二次方程,故本选项错误; C 、ax 2+bx+c=0,当a=0时,它不是一元二次方程,故C 错误; D 223x x +=符合一元二次方程的定义,故D 正确; 故选:D . 【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的概念,判断一个方程是否是一元二次方程,首先要看是否是整式方程,然后看化简后是否是只含有一个未知数且未知数的最高次数是2.2.B解析:B 【分析】设大正方形的边长为 a ,小正方形的边长为 b ,利用图1得到一个 a 与 b 关系式,再利用图2得到一个 a 与 b 关系式,即可求出 a 和 b ,然后再求图3阴影面积即可. 【详解】图1中重叠部分的为正方形且其面积为4,∴重叠部分的边长为2, 设大正方形边长为a ,小正方形的边长为b ,∴a -b +2=b , 如图2,阴影部分面积=a 2-2b 2+(b -2a b -)2=44,解得:b =6,∴a =10, 如图3,两个小正方形重叠部分的面积=()2b b a ⨯-=12. 故答案为:B . 【点睛】此题考查的是代数式的运算,正方形的性质,解一元二次方程,找到每个图中的等量关系式是解决此题的关键.3.D解析:D 【分析】一般用增长后的量=增长前的量×(1+增长率),如果设绿化面积的年平均增长率为x ,根据题意即可列出方程. 【详解】解:设平均增长率为x ,根据题意可列出方程为: 2000(1+x )2=2880. 故选:D . 【点睛】此题考查了由实际问题抽象出一元二次方程,即一元二次方程解答有关平均增长率问题.对于平均增长率问题,在理解的基础上,可归结为a (1+x )2=b (a <b );平均降低率问题,在理解的基础上,可归结为a (1-x )2=b (a >b ).4.C解析:C 【分析】把原方程变形为2(2)621x x +⨯=,将2x 看成未知数,方程两边都加上一次项系数一半的平方即可. 【详解】解:方程24121x x +=变形为2(2)621x x +⨯=,2(2)62+91+9x x +⨯=∴2412919x x ++=+ 故选:C 【点睛】本题考查了解一元二次方程的应用,关键是能正确配方.5.C解析:C 【分析】根据日历的特点得到8i e =+,8a e =-,列出一元二次方程解出e 的值. 【详解】解:根据日历的特点,同一列上下两个数相差7,前后两个数相差1, 则7h e =+,18i h e =+=+,7b e =-,18a b e =-=-, ∵最大的数与最小的数乘积是297,∴()()88297ai e e =-+=,解得19e =±,取正数,19e =. 故选:C . 【点睛】本题考查一元二次方程的应用,解题的关键是根据题意列出方程进行求解.6.B解析:B 【分析】根据一元二次方程的根的定义、根与系数的关系即可得. 【详解】由一元二次方程的根的定义得:2430m m -+=,即243m m -=-, 由一元二次方程的根与系数的关系得:441m n -+=-=, 则2234m m n m m m n -+=-++,()()24m m m n =-++,34=-+, 1=, 故选:B . 【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的根的定义、根与系数的关系,熟练掌握一元二次方程的根与系数的关系是解题关键.7.C解析:C 【分析】根据“4月份的销售额为200万元,接下来5月,6月的月增长率相同,6月份的销售额为500万元”,可以列出相应的一元二次方程,本题得以解决. 【详解】 解:由题意可得, 200(1+x )2=500, 故选:C . 【点睛】本题考查由实际问题抽象出一元二次方程,解答本题的关键是明确题意,列出相应的方程,这是一道典型的增长率问题,是中考常考题.8.B解析:B 【分析】设参加活动的同学有x 人,从而可得每位同学赠送的贺卡张数为(1)x -张,再根据“共送贺卡42张”建立方程,然后解方程即可得. 【详解】设参加活动的同学有x 人, 由题意得:(1)42x x -=,解得7x =或6x =-(不符题意,舍去), 即参加活动的同学有7人, 故选:B . 【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的实际应用,依据题意,正确建立方程是解题关键.9.D解析:D 【分析】根据方程有两个相等的实数根结合根的判别式即可得出关于c 的一元一次方程,解方程即可得出结论. 【详解】 解:260x x c -+=有两个相等的实根,2(6)40c ∴∆=--=,解得:9c = 故选:D . 【点睛】本题考查了根的判别式以及解一元一次方程,由方程有两个相等的实数根结合根的判别式得出关于c 的一元一次方程是解题的关键.10.B解析:B 【分析】把0x =代入,求出a 的值即可. 【详解】解:把0x =代入可得210a -=, 解得1a =±,∵一元二次方程二次项系数不为0, ∴1a ≠, ∴1a =-, 故选:B . 【点睛】本题考查一元二次方程的解,注意二次项系数不为0.11.D解析:D 【分析】设每轮传染中平均一个人传染了x 人,则一轮传染后共有(1+x )人被传染,两轮传染后共有[(1+x )+x(1+x)]人被传染,由题意列方程计算即可. 【详解】解:设每轮传染中平均一个人传染了x 人, 由题意,得:(1+x )+x(1+x)=81, 即x 2+2x ﹣80=0,解得:x 1=8,x 2=﹣10(不符合题意,舍去), 故每轮传染中平均一个人传染了8人, 故选:D .【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的应用,解一元二次方程,理解题意,正确列出方程是解答的关键.12.D解析:D 【分析】分别求出每个方程的根的判别式即可得到方程的根的情况. 【详解】A 选项:2049360∆=-⨯=-<,∴该方程没有实数根,故A 错误;B 选项:()244410∆=--⨯⨯=,∴该方程有两个相等的实数根,故B 错误; C 选项:2141130∆=-⨯⨯=-<,∴该方程没有实数根,故C 错误;D 选项:()2141150∆=-⨯⨯-=>,∴方程有两个不相等的实数根,故D 正确;故选:D. 【点睛】此题考查一元二次方程的根的情况,正确求根的判别式的值,掌握一元二次方程的根的三种情况是解题的关键.二、填空题13.【分析】把(x+3)看成一个整体另一个方程和已知方程的结构形式完全相同所以x+3与已知方程的解也相同根据此题意解题即可【详解】解:∵是已知方程的解由于另一个方程与已知方程的形式完全相同∴x+3=1或 解析:122,6x x =-=-【分析】把(x+3)看成一个整体,另一个方程和已知方程的结构形式完全相同,所以x+3与已知方程的解也相同,根据此题意解题即可. 【详解】解:∵ 1213x x ==-,是已知方程2230x x +-=的解,由于另一个方程()()232330x x +++-=与已知方程的形式完全相同, ∴x+3=1或x+3=﹣3, 解得:1226x x =-=-,. 故答案为:1226x x =-=-,. 【点睛】本题考查了解一元二次方程,能根据方程的解得出x+3=1和x+3=-3是解此题的关键,此题属于换元法解方程.14.【分析】此题是平均增长率问题一般用增长后的量=增长前的量×(1+增长率)参照本题如果设平均每年增产的百分率为x 根据粮食产量在两年内从3000吨增加到3630吨即可得出方程求解【详解】解:设平均每年增 解析:10%【分析】此题是平均增长率问题,一般用增长后的量=增长前的量×(1+增长率),参照本题,如果设平均每年增产的百分率为x ,根据“粮食产量在两年内从3000吨增加到3630吨”,即可得出方程求解. 【详解】解:设平均每年增产的百分率为x ; 第一年粮食的产量为:3000(1+x );第二年粮食的产量为:3000(1+x )(1+x )=3000(1+x )2; 依题意,可列方程:3000(1+x )2=3630; 解得:x=-2.1(舍去)或x=0.1=10% 故答案为:10%. 【点睛】本题考查了由实际问题抽象出一元二次方程中求平均变化率的方法.若设变化前的量为a ,变化后的量为b ,平均变化率为x ,则经过两次变化后的数量关系为a (1±x )2=b .15.【分析】利用因式分解法把原方程转化为x=0或x-1=0然后解两个一次方程即可;【详解】∵∴x=0或x-1=0解得故答案为:【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的解法先把方程的右边化为0再把左边通过因式分解 解析:120,1x x ==【分析】利用因式分解法把原方程转化为x=0或x-1=0,然后解两个一次方程即可; 【详解】 ∵()10x x -= , ∴ x=0或x-1=0, 解得1x =0,21x = , 故答案为:1x =0,21x = 【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的解法,先把方程的右边化为0,再把左边通过因式分解化为两个一次因式的积的形式,求解即可;16.-5【分析】根据一元二次方程的一般形式解答【详解】解:方程的一次项是其系数是故答案是:【点睛】本题考查一元二次方程的一般式解题的关键是掌握一次项系数的定义解析:-5 【分析】根据一元二次方程的一般形式解答. 【详解】解:方程2350x x -=的一次项是5x -,其系数是5-. 故答案是:5-. 【点睛】本题考查一元二次方程的一般式,解题的关键是掌握一次项系数的定义.17.-1【分析】根据正比例函数的概念可直接进行列式求解【详解】解:∵函数为正比例函数∴且解得:;故答案为-1【点睛】本题主要考查正比例函数的概念及一元二次方程的解法熟练掌握正比例函数的概念及一元二次方程解析:-1 【分析】根据正比例函数的概念可直接进行列式求解. 【详解】解:∵函数2y mx m m =++为正比例函数,∴20m m +=,且0m ≠, 解得:1m =-; 故答案为-1. 【点睛】本题主要考查正比例函数的概念及一元二次方程的解法,熟练掌握正比例函数的概念及一元二次方程的解法是解题的关键.18.3;【分析】根据一次函数的定义得到m2-8=1且m+3≠0据此求得m 的值【详解】解:依题意得:m2-8=1且m+3≠0 解得m=3 故答案是:3【点睛】本题考查了一次函数的定义一般地形如y=kx+b解析:3; 【分析】根据一次函数的定义得到m 2-8=1且m+3≠0,据此求得m 的值. 【详解】解:依题意得:m 2-8=1且m+3≠0, 解得m=3. 故答案是:3. 【点睛】本题考查了一次函数的定义.一般地,形如y=kx+b (k≠0,k 、b 是常数)的函数,叫做一次函数.会利用x 的指数构造方程,会解方程,会利用k 限定字母的值是解题关键19.【分析】由一元二次方程根与系数的关系解题即【详解】解:∵x2+2x ﹣m2﹣m =0m =123…2020∴由根与系数的关系得:α1+β1=﹣2α1β1=﹣1×2;α2+β2=﹣2α2β2=﹣2×3;…α 解析:40402021【分析】由一元二次方程根与系数的关系解题,即+=-b c a aαβαβ=,. 【详解】解:∵x 2+2x ﹣m 2﹣m =0,m =1,2,3,…,2020, ∴由根与系数的关系得:α1+β1=﹣2,α1β1=﹣1×2;α2+β2=﹣2,α2β2=﹣2×3;…α2020+β2020=﹣2,α2020β2021=﹣2020×2021;∴原式=3320202020112211223320202020++++++++αβαβαβαβαβαβαβαβ 2222=++++12233420202021⨯⨯⨯⨯ 1111111=2(1)2233420202021⨯-+-+-++- 1=2(1)2021⨯-4040=2021故答案为:40402021. 【点睛】本题考查一元二次方程根与系数的关系,是重要考点,难度较易,掌握相关知识是解题关键.20.【分析】先根据完全平方公式将原式配方进而利用非负数的性质求出即可【详解】解:∵-4x2-4x+1=-(4x2+4x-1)=-(2x+1)2+2-(2x+1)2≤0∴当x=-时4x2-4x+1有最大值解析:12- 【分析】先根据完全平方公式将原式配方,进而利用非负数的性质求出即可.【详解】解:∵-4x 2-4x+1=-(4x 2+4x-1)=-(2x+1)2+2,-(2x+1)2≤0,∴当x=-12时,4x 2-4x+1有最大值是2. 故答案为:-12. 【点睛】此题主要考查了配方法的应用以及非负数的性质,正确配方得出是解题关键.三、解答题21.每件售价为45元【分析】设该商品的单价为x 元,根据题意得到方程,解方程即可求解.【详解】解:设该商品的单价为x 元.根据题意,得()()3020010402250---=⎡⎤⎣⎦x x .解这个方程,得1245x x ==.答:每件售价为45元.【点睛】本题考查一元一次方程的应用,解题的关键是根据利润得到相应的等量关系是解题的关键.22.(1)12x =,23x =;(2)112x =,22x =;(3)2x =- 【分析】(1)利用因式分解法解方程,即可得到答案;(2)先移项,然后利用因式分解法解方程,即可得到答案;(3)先把分式方程化为整式方程,然后解方程即可得到答案.【详解】解:(1)2560x x -+=, (2)(3)0x x --=,∴12x =,23x =,∴原方程的解为:12x =,23x =.(2)23(21)(21)x x -=-,∴2(21)3(21)0x x ---=,∴(21)(213)0x x ---=,∴(21)(24)0x x --=, ∴112x =,22x =. ∴原方程的解为:112x =,22x =. (3)23139x x x -=--, ∴2(3)39x x x +-=-,∴22339x x x +-=-,∴36x =-,∴2x =-,经检验:2x =-为原方程的解,∴原方程的解为2x =-.【点睛】本题考查了解一元二次方程,解分式方程,解题的关键是熟练掌握解方程的方法,注意解分式方程时组要检验.23.(1)124,3x x ==-;(2)121,2x x =-=【分析】(1)化成一般式以后利用因式分解法解即可;(2)化成一般式以后利用因式分解法解即可;【详解】解:(1)28-x+4=x2x -x-12=0(x+3)(x-4)=0∴124,3x x ==-(2) 220x x --=(2)(1)0x x -+=121,2x x ∴=-=【分析】本题主要考查解一元二次方程的能力,熟练掌握解一元二次方程的几种常用方法:直接开平方法、因式分解法、公式法、配方法,结合方程的特点选择合适、简便的方法是解题的关键.24.(1)14k >-;(2)7 【分析】(1)根据一元二次方程根的判别式可直接进行求解;(2)根据一元二次方程根与系数的关系可求解.【详解】(1)∵一元二次方程有两个不相等的实数根,∴()2221410k k +-⨯⨯>, 解得14k >-; (2)当1k =时,原方程为2310x x ++=,∵1x ,2x 是方程的根,∴123x x +=-,121=x x ,∴()22212121227x x x x x x +=+-=. 【点睛】本题主要考查一元二次方程根的判别式及韦达定理,熟练掌握一元二次方程根的判别式及韦达定理是解题的关键.25.(1)2;(2)125, 1.x x ==-【分析】(1)根据二次根式的混合运算法则计算即可;(2)根据因式分解的方法解方程即可.【详解】解:(1|2|3+23=2 (2)x 2﹣4x ﹣5=0,(x ﹣5)(x +1)=0,∴x ﹣5=0或x +1=0,∴x 1=5,x 2=﹣1.【点睛】本题考查二次根式的混合运算以及解一元二次方程的方法,属于基础题 。
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2018年南师附中树人学校初三英语错题讲义(二)9A Unit One Know yourself错题分析及拓展一、根据句意,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1. This article gives you advice on how to talk to people withdifferent ______________. (person)2. She is busy, yet she still takes an ______________ (act) partin charity activities.3. Hobo ______________ (eat) up Eddie's breakfast when hewas reading !4. His ______________ (speak) about the importance ofprotecting the environment have impressed us a lot.5. Since your parents ______________(agree) with your idea,you can start to make it easier.二、根据句意、所给汉语或首字母写出单词1. The British students will taste rice dumplings and watch adragon boat ______________ (竞赛) in China.2. David is clever and he has won several science______________ .(竞赛)3. Lu Xun is one of ______________(先锋)of modern Chineseculture.4. My English teacher often explains ______________(语法)rules to us carefully.5. Nora's birthday is not in this year's ______________ (日历).Do you know why?6. He ______________(分成) a cake into pieces and gave themout to his children.7. Song Zuying has a beautiful voice and she is ab______________ singer.8. The small towns are c______________ with each other bythe high-speed railway.9. The high-speed railway c______________ the small towns isunder construction(建设中).10. The small towns c______________ by the high-speedrailway attract many tourists every year.11. --- Do you know which is the longest high-speed railway inthe world?--- Yes. The high-speed railway c_____________Beijing toGuangzhou.12. N___________ of the trousers is fit for me. One pair is toolong, and the other is too short.13. In g______________ , boys like outdoor sports more than girls do.14. A____________ most students will be unhappy if they get low marks in a very difficult physics exam, they have in fact learned a lot about themselves.三、句型转换1. The classmates miss the sick girl. The teacher misses the sick girl. (用both... and ...合并句子)2. Jack doesn't know Mr. Wang. Helen doesn't know Mr. Wang either.(用neither...nor...合并句子)3. I want to go to the cinema. I have to finish my report first.(合并为一句)四、根据汉语意思完成句子1. 你们不仅要三思而行,还应该接受别人好的建议。
You should______________________________.2. 比利急躁粗心,因此不适合做这项工作。
Billy is ____________________________, ______________he ____________________________the job.3. 他拥有梦想,他的电影也极具说服力。
He has a dream and ____________________________.4. 学习犹如逆水行舟,不进则退。
Learning is ____________________________. You either ____________________________or ____________________五、单选题( )1. Don't give up, ______________you will pass the final exam in the end.A. butB. andC. orD. so( )2. Mr. Yang is a hard-working teacher. He devotes most of his time ______________and helping his students.A. teachB. to teachC. teachingD. to teaching ( )3.We think ______________ is generous______________you to share your toys with your friends.A. that; forB. it; forC. it; ofD. that; of( )4. Students should pay attention to ______________ the teacher carefully.A. listen toB. listening toC. hearD. hearing( )5. It was at the railway station ______________ I met one of my friends yesterday.A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which ( )6. --- I hear ______________ your grandma______________ your grandpa likes listening to Beijing opera in their free time.--- Right! They prefer to dance on the square.A. both; andB. either; orC. neither; norD. between...and六、自主错题整理答案:一、词的适当形式1. personalities2. active3. ate4. speeches5. have agreed二、写单词1. race2. competitions3. pioneers4. grammar5. calendar6. divided7. born8. connected9. connecting 10. connected 11. connecting 12. Neither 13. general 14. Although三、用连词连接1. Both the classmates and the teacher miss the sick girl.2. Neither Jack nor Helen knows Mr. Wang.3. I want to go to the cinema, but I have to finish my report first.四、完成句子1. You should not only think twice but also accept others’ good advice.2. Billy is impatient and careless, so he isn’t suitable for the job.3. Learning is like a race. You either take the lead or fall behind.五、单选题1-6 BDCBAC。