大学英语(4)2014春第一套作业行政管理
2014年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)考试答案解析(第一套)
2014年6月大学英语六级考试真题(一)答案与详解Part Ⅰ Writing审题思路本次作文一改往年常考的三段式议论文、图表作文和名言评述作文题型,设定虚拟情景，要求考生描述某处景点，考生应该把重点放在说明选取这一景点的原因上，也就是说明其独特性上。
仔细分析可知,本文依旧可以分三部分展开。
考生首先应回答“what”的问题,即去什么地方游玩;其次，考生应回答“Why”的问题，即推荐该地点的缘由;最后, 考生需要做简要的总结。
写作提纲一、回答“what”，说明去某地游玩(take vacation, on the top of my list)二、回答“why”，描述某地的独特之处：1、以泰山为例(Mount Tai)2、泰山的独特之处(spectacularity, sacredness, hope and auspici ousness)三、简要总结：1、探访泰山很有意义（engagement in ancient culture and contemporaiy prosperity)2、表达愿望(wonderful experience)范文点评全文翻译泰山之旅欣闻我的外国朋友比尔要来我的家乡度假。
由于我在英国曾受到比尔的热情款待，我将带他四处看看家乡的风景。
在所有风景中，泰山无疑是首选之地。
几个世纪前，孔子登上泰山之巅，发出登泰山而小天下之感叹;在现代，每个人必定会去欣赏泰山的壮丽和神圣。
泰山不仅仅是一座山，她还象征着希望与祥瑞，体现了深厚的文化。
此外，泰山被看作是如此神圣，以至于几乎每位古代帝王都会到这里祭祀天地,祈求国家昌盛、国泰民安。
登泰山不仅是一次登山远足，还是一次亲身体验古代文化和现代繁荣的旅行。
因此，我向你保证你一定会喜欢这次美妙的旅行的。
PartⅡ Listening ComprehensionSection A1.W: I can’t seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard.M： Oh. Why don’t you use the ladder? You might strain your shoulder.Q： What does the man suggest the woman do?1. A)See a doctor about her strained shoulder. C)Replace the cupboard with a new one.B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.D)Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.【预测】四个选项都是动词短语，由此可推断该题会对建议或计划进行提问。
2014年12月全国大学英语四级真题答案
2014年12月全国大学英语四级考试（第一套）-- 参考答案(仅供参考)【作文范文】The Classmate Who Has Influenced Me Most in CollegeClassmates play an essential role in our life. When it comes to the classmate who has influenced me most in college, undoubtedly. Zhao Lei is the one who comes to my mind first. Zhao Lei is my roommate and my best friend. The reasons why I deem that Zhao Lei has influenced me most are as follows: firstly, one can always find a smile on his face which not only reflects his pleasant and optimistic character but also gives others a good impression. This is what I need to learn from Zhao Lei first. Secondly, Zhao Lei is diligent. He does well in all his subjects. However, he is no bookworm. He joins societies such as basketball club and poetry society. He never plays computer games, and only spends time-and energy on things that are conducive to personal development. Thirdly, Zhao Lei is always ready to help others. I never saw him turn a deaf ear to other's request for help.Thanks to Zhao Lei, I have learned the importance of optimism, diligence and kindness, the indispensable virtues in life.1-8：BDCCCBAA9-11：CBD12-15：BCBC16-18：ADC19-21：ADA22-25：CDAB27. sharp28. fill in for29. probably30. resemble31. focuses on32. specialize33. timing34. invented35. figured out36-45：NOIKJ MHLCB46-55：FIDOK BECLG56-65：BBCAD BCBADTranslationMore and more Chinese young people are gaining interest in tourism, which is a new trend recently. The rising number of young tourists can be attributed to their rapidly increasing income and the curiosity of exploring the outside world. With the increase of traveling, young people spend less time in big cities and famous scenic spots, instead they are more attracted by remote locations. Some even choose long-distance backpacking trip. A recent survey shows that many young people want to experience different culture, enrich knowledge and expand their horizon via traveling.2014年12月全国大学英语四级考试（第二套）-- 参考答案(仅供参考)A Course that Has Impressed Me Most in CollegeDuring my college life, there were so many fantastic courses impressing me deeply. Among them the course which impressed me most is Fundamentals of Law given by Professor Lin Xuezheng.At first I was not very interested in the course. As time goes on, the course and Professor Lin's lecture attracted me greatly. Firstly, in this course, for the first time in my life did I realize that law is related closely lo everyone's life. 1 get to know that people need to know law to turn our country a legal society, and that everyone need the weapon of law to protect his lawful rights and interests. Secondly, in his wonderful lectures Professor Lin cited many vivid examples which have really happened so that we not only grasped knowledge but also learn how to analyze and settle the matters by law. It was in this course that we cultivated legal consciousness.Overall, this course exerted great influence on me and my life. I believe it will still have far-reaching effects on me in the days to come.1-8：BCCADBCA9-11：BDD12-15：ACCD16-18：ABA19-21：DBC22-25：ADCB26. familiar27. put forward28. caution29. live30. alternatives31. ignore32. participated33. in need of34. focus35. judgments36-45：FDKNC EBIGH46-55：BNMAE CGCHL56-65：BCBAD CBCADTranslationGiant panda is a kind of tame animal with unique black-and-white fur. It has been listed as an endangered species due to its very limited number. Panda has a special meaning to WWF (World Wide Fund For Nature). Panda has been its symbol ever since WWF's establishment in 1961. Panda, which lives in the forest of Southwest China, is the rarest member in the bear family. Currently, there are approximately 1,000 giant pandas in the world. These bamboo-eating creatures are now facing many threats. Therefore, to ensureits survival is of greater importance2014年12月全国大学英语四级考试（第三套）-- 参考答案(仅供参考)【作文范文】A Campus Activity that Benefited Me MostUniversity provides many interesting activities to enrich our life on campus. In the past two years, I attended a couple of student societies such as mountain-climbing club andliterature society. The most beneficial activity I participated is attending English Comer. First, attending English Comer offers a great opportunity to draw my attention away from busy studies so that 1 can relax, since the Comer is held in a square. As a college student, most of my time is killed in the classroom and library. At the Corner, I can talk in English with my peers on topics of our interest, so it's a relaxation in tedious school life. Second, joining English Corner significantly improved my oral English as well as English listening comprehension. It's the most efficient way for me to practice spoken English because mine is far better now than before.Third, it is a terrific way of socializing. I can get to know unacquainted students, and make friends with them.Therefore, it is safe to conclude that, attending English Corner has benefited me most among campus activities.1-8：BDCCCBAA9-11：CBD12-15：BCBC16-18：ADC19-21：ADA22-25：CDAB26. land on27. sharp28. fill in for29. probably30. resemble31. focuses on32. specialize33. timing34. invented35. figured out36-45：HNKFJ ELMBG46-55：FDJCI MBHEG56-65：ACBDB DDABCTranslationThe Internet community in China develops fastest in the world. China has about 420 million netizens in 2010, and the number is still growing rapidly. The increasing popularity of Internet has produced a significant social changc. The Chinese netizens are often different from the American netizens. Driven by practical needs, American netizens often use the Internet to send emails, buy and sell goods, do research, plan trips or pay for the bills. While Chinese netizens use the Internet more out of social reasons, therefore, the Internet is more widely used in forums, blogs, chat rooms, and so on.。
大学英语(4)全套(含答案)_华东理工大学在线作业资料讲解
第1题、It is not that I do not like plays. The reason why I did not go to the theater last night was that I could not ___ the time.A、offerB、leaveC、affordD、manage标准答案:C第2题、To speak English well, ___.A、much practice is neededB、one needs much practiceC、much practice is needed by oneD、one is needed much practice标准答案:B第3题、The material produced in China ___ easily.A、is washedB、washesC、washingD、are washing标准答案:B第4题、I am pleased to take ___ to exchange views with you.A、this opportunityB、a chanceC、this timeD、a period标准答案:A第5题、It is required ___ me that I give evidence.A、ofB、fromC、forD、with标准答案:A第6题、Canned foods are ___ with housewives because it takes so little time to cook them.A、popularB、welcomeC、desirableD、usual标准答案:A第7题、As a senior, please give me ___ advice you can give on this issue.B、whatC、whichD、whatever标准答案:D第8题、The committee proposed that more emphasis should be laid ___ developing practical skills in students.A、ontoB、toC、onD、over标准答案:C第9题、Most of the residents near the airport have all moved as they can not stand ___ in such a moisy place.A、to liveB、liveC、livingD、be living标准答案:C第10题、The new order will mean ___ overtime.A、to workB、workingC、workD、to be working标准答案:B第11题、Some pop singers have much influence ___ the young people today.A、toB、forC、ontoD、on标准答案:D第12题、The mistake was ___ by the carelessness of the assistant.A、dueB、causedC、becauseD、owe标准答案:B第13题、The hall was almost empty. There were ___ people in it.B、a littleC、fewD、a few标准答案:C第14题、There ___ not much milk in the refrigerator, ___?A、is…isn't thereB、are…are thereC、is…is thereD、are…aren't there标准答案:C第15题、A new driver can not be ___ careful in driving a car.A、veryB、quiteC、ratherD、too标准答案:D第16题、Of the six people in the plane that crashed, only one ___.A、enduredB、survivedC、persistedD、retained标准答案:B第17题、The passengers desire that the airline ___ them immediately of any change in flight time.A、informB、informsC、informedD、has informed标准答案:A第18题、They carry ___ with their work in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.A、outB、overC、onD、back标准答案:C第19题、You should make ___ your house or flat is secure.A、sureC、understandingD、knowledge标准答案:A第20题、He ___ a knowledge of the language by careful study.A、obtainedB、earnedC、gainedD、acquired标准答案:D第21题、He is a kind-hearted and ___ gentleman.A、respectiveB、respectableC、respectedD、respectful标准答案:B第22题、She ___ a post at Yale University.A、took onB、took toC、took upD、took in标准答案:C第23题、The opening of a new school is always a great ___.A、chanceB、occasionC、incidentD、opportunity标准答案:B第24题、Hangzhou is an ideal place to settle down after retirement ___ it has beautiful scenic spots nearby and a far slower pace of life.A、provided thatB、now thatC、so thatD、in that标准答案:D第25题、The boss ___ the young man that he would receive a raise.A、securedB、insuredD、assured标准答案:D第26题、Wealthy as he is, he is not ___ with his money, unwilling to help others in troubles.A、carefulB、generousC、satisfiedD、busy标准答案:B第27题、The president claimed the terrorists should be held responsible ___ the explosions that happened last month in London.A、onB、atC、forD、about标准答案:C第28题、She is very careful. She ___ very few mistakes in her work.A、doesB、takesC、makesD、gets标准答案:C第29题、It is difficult to __ a conversation with all this noise around us.A、carry onB、account forC、bring upD、get through标准答案:A第30题、By the time Martin Luther King delivered his famous speech, the blacks ___ with the white in the same classroom.A、had never before studiedB、never before studiedC、couldn't have studiedD、have never before studied标准答案:A第31题、We wrote an article last month, and it turns out to be a success, so we begin to work on ___ one this month.A、anotherC、the otherD、other标准答案:A第32题、No agreement was reached in the discussion, as __ side would give way to the other.A、noneB、bothC、eitherD、neither标准答案:D第33题、What will happen to you, if you ___ in your school work?A、fall downB、fall apartC、fall offD、fall behind标准答案:A第34题、He suffered terrible injuries, but his courage pulled him ___.A、outB、upC、throughD、over标准答案:C第35题、In this factory each worker must receive a ___ training course.A、two-monthB、two monthsC、two-monthsD、two-months'标准答案:A第36题、They handed in their paper ___.A、in lineB、by turnC、at turnD、in turn标准答案:D第37题、___ her interest in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.A、GivenB、GivingC、To giveD、To be given标准答案:A第38题、I had the good ___ to be chosen for a trip abroad.A、propertyB、estateC、wealthD、fortune标准答案:D第39题、No one can possibly racall any detail about the meeting. It is at least five years since it ___.A、had taken placeB、was taken placeC、took placeD、was taking place标准答案:C第40题、I prefer live in the countryside. Country life has a lot of ___ over city life.A、characterB、qualitiesC、advantagesD、ways标准答案:C第41题、You ___ all the way from the station to my place! You can take a taxi.A、needn't have walkedB、shouldn't have walkedC、must not have walkedD、cannot have walked标准答案:A第42题、I believe you have ___ some important points in the report.A、left aloneB、left behindC、left offD、left out标准答案:D第43题、I prefer classic music ___ pop music.A、thanB、onC、withD、to第44题、I ___ you that I had no intention of offending you.A、convinceB、persuadeC、guaranteeD、assure标准答案:D第45题、She has always ___ to her father, although he did not graduate from a famous university.A、appreciatedB、admiredC、respectedD、looked up标准答案:D第46题、The parents spoil their child by buying anything he wants, ___.A、however much it costsB、however does it costs muchC、how much does it costD、no matter how it costs标准答案:A第47题、The act of speaking will also help to improve listening comprehension ___.A、to some wayB、in the wayC、to some extentD、in the extent标准答案:C第48题、Some of the citizens have been ___ medals for bravery.A、givenB、offeredC、awardedD、paid标准答案:C第49题、I want to make it clear that I am utterly opposed ___ any form of terrorism.A、againstB、toC、forD、with第50题、We wanted to go on a picnic. But the wind ___ strong, we had no choice but to stay indoors.A、beingB、had beenC、wasD、was being标准答案:A第51题、The president made his last public ___ before his term of office ended.A、engagementB、appearanceC、meetingD、gathering标准答案:B第52题、I did not buy the same book ___.A、what he boughtB、that he boughtC、as he boughtD、which he bought标准答案:C第53题、She was ___ the top prize in the competition.A、awardedB、rewardedC、receivedD、accepted标准答案:A第54题、The teacher ___, the children in the classroom burst into talking instantly.A、having leftB、leftC、leavingD、to leave标准答案:A第55题、Perhaps some day it will be pleasant to ___ these things.A、look down onB、look forward toC、look back onD、look on标准答案:C第56题、Chinese must develop science and technology at a high speed ___ catch up with the latest development in other countries.A、so toB、so as toC、as toD、so标准答案:B第57题、The cost of computer used to be ___ for me, but now I can afford it.A、so muchB、too muchC、very muchD、much too标准答案:B第58题、He ___ a six-year-old child as he was driving back from a party.A、ran acrossB、ran intoC、ran overD、ran through标准答案:C第59题、The old lady who suffers from lung cancer ___ at the moment.A、is being operated onB、is operated onC、operates onD、to be operated on标准答案:A第60题、Did you have a neighbor who was always ___ your business?A、doingB、makingitC、getting aboveD、poking his nose into标准答案:D第61题、Tony could be a very successful student, but he ___ no importance to study.A、attachesB、attachedC、was attachingD、had attached标准答案:A第62题、She used to be an ordinary girl, what on earth has made her ___ she is today?A、thatB、whatC、whichD、as标准答案:B第63题、I want to update my English ability, but I have no idea what kind of material ___.A、to listen toB、listening toC、for listeningD、to listen标准答案:A第64题、She can speak French and German, to ___ nothing of English.A、sayB、speakC、talkD、tell标准答案:A第65题、Mary offered to keep an eye ___ the baby while I was away.A、atB、forC、inD、on标准答案:D第66题、I saw she was in a difficulty with all those parcels, so I offered my ___.A、servicesB、moneyC、useD、chance标准答案:A第67题、In this remote island, the people who had survived the ship accident made use of ___ for a living.A、every means availableB、every available meansC、every mean availableD、every available mean标准答案:A第68题、He is uncertain about ___ to see her tonight.B、whetherC、thatD、what标准答案:B第69题、It ___ that I met one of my old classmates on my way home yesterday.A、took placeB、occurredC、broke outD、happened标准答案:D第70题、My parents are not interested in modern music. They are ___ the times.A、beforeB、behindC、afterD、low标准答案:B第71题、His attitude toward us seems ___.A、nicelyB、warmlyC、kindlyD、friendly标准答案:D第72题、Dr. Hoffman proposed that we ___ the meeting until next week.A、put offB、to put offC、putting offD、need put off标准答案:A第73题、Which events are you ___ at the school sports?A、going back onB、going in forC、getting down onD、getting along with标准答案:B第74题、We have kept ___ our friendship by writing to each other, so we are true friends.A、upB、backD、down标准答案:A第75题、Having heard so much about Mr. Smith, they were ___ to meet and have a chat with him.A、eagerB、desperateC、urgentD、earnest标准答案:A第76题、The man ___ the gate when he realized that we had spotted him.A、made offB、made outC、made forD、made up标准答案:C第77题、I estimate that my vocabulary might be three times ___ it was two years ago.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、than标准答案:B第78题、According to many learners, Chinese is not easy ___.A、to be learnedB、learningC、to learnD、having learned标准答案:C第79题、The population of the world is growing at a dangerous ___.A、progressB、rateC、increaseD、measure标准答案:B第80题、The teacher spoke so fast that it was hard for the students to ___ what he was saying.A、take inB、take outC、take upD、take over标准答案:A第81题、I do not know him very well so I cannot tell exactly what it is ___ prevents him from making progress.A、of whichB、whoC、whatD、that标准答案:D第82题、___ I myself sees a ghost, I will not believe any second-hand supersitious description about it.A、UnlessB、WhenC、AsD、While标准答案:A第83题、The star was ___ the scientist who found it.A、looked afterB、taken afterC、named afterD、come after标准答案:C第84题、He gave to his friends what he ___ to his family.A、declinedB、refusedC、rejectedD、denied标准答案:D第85题、You should be more ___ to the elderly people.A、respectableB、respectfulC、remarkableD、respective标准答案:B第86题、___ from space, our earth, with water covering 70 percent of its surface, looks like a blue planet.A、SeenB、SeeingC、Having seenD、To see标准答案:A第87题、I had planed to go to a secondary school after junior high school, but my parents suggested that I ___ senior high school.A、to goB、goC、goingD、went标准答案:B第88题、Every time I go to the West Lake, I find myself ___ to the scenery around it.A、drawsB、drawingC、drawnD、drew标准答案:C第89题、Nobody but a young woman ___ the airplane crash.A、enduredB、rejectedC、survivedD、lived标准答案:C第90题、If you have made a decision, please stick ___ what you want.A、toB、upC、ofD、for标准答案:A第91题、I did not apply for a credit card last year, but I ___.A、had appliedB、should have appliedC、should applyD、would apply标准答案:B第92题、We failed in our ___ to climb the mountain.A、trialB、contemptC、desireD、attempt标准答案:D第93题、He has never been able to ___ a job for long.A、hold downB、hold forthC、hold withD、hold off标准答案:A第94题、Mr. Smith ___ a most important part in the development of our city.A、tookB、hadC、playedD、made标准答案:C第95题、How the fire in the dance hall started ___ a mystery.A、to remainB、remainsC、remainD、is remaining标准答案:B第96题、They promised him he would soon be rich ___ his wildest dreams.A、overB、byC、beyondD、for标准答案:C第97题、I want to know what she ___ before I will vote for her.A、stand forB、care forC、call forD、go for标准答案:A第98题、They want all the groups to be treated on a ___ of equality.A、bassB、baseC、basisD、basement标准答案:C第99题、Three people, ___ a child, were injured in the accident.A、includedB、includeC、includingD、includes标准答案:C。
14春学期《大学英语(四)》在线作业2
14春学期《大学英语(四)》在线作业2单选题一、单选题（共20 道试题，共100 分。
）1. 27. Several families of birds feed primarily ______ flying insects and have developed long wings and wide-opening mouths.A. onB. toC. withD. up-----------------选择：A2. 114. The president promised to keep all the board members __________ of how the negotiations were going on.A. informedB. informC. be informedD. informing-----------------选择：A3. 5. They have no ______ wish ______ to live and work for their motherland.A. same … asB. such … asC. other … thanD. another … than-----------------选择：C4. 50. A year ago the first volume in this series successfully ______ the pattern which is here continued.A. establishedB. organizedC. proceeded "D. represented-----------------选择：A5. 94. As a public relations officer, he is said _______ some very influential people.A. to have been knowingB. to be knowingC. to have knownD. to know-----------------选择：C6. 15. The lecturer had the feeling that a good deal of what he said had not been ______.A. taken inB. taken overC. take upD. take on-----------------选择：A7. 64. The thief ______ the room, took the precious diamond and went away.A. broke upB. broke intoC. broke offD. broke through-----------------选择：B8. 6. I won't have you answer me ______ that manner.A. withB. inC. byD. through-----------------选择：B9. 42. No sooner had he sat down to lunch ______ there was a knock at the door.A. whenB. thatC. asD. than-----------------选择：D10. 4. You must concentrate your attention ______ the main contradiction involved in the problem.A. onB. atC. toD. of-----------------选择：A11. 95. Our hopes __________ and fell in the same instant.A. arousedB. aroseC. raisedD. rose-----------------选择：D12. 110. Jack wishes that he __ business instead of history when he was in university.A. had studiedB. studyC. studiedD. had been studying-----------------选择：A13. 67. As luck would have it, we have won three victories in ______.A. combinationB. successionC. meantimeD. continuity-----------------选择：B14. 73. The great fire ______ the forest to a few tress.A. shiftedB. switchedC. reducedD. decreased-----------------选择：C15. 63. This is confidential. Don't ______ a word of this to anyone.A. letB. utterC. leakD. expose-----------------选择：B16. 26. She could not help ______ as past events rushed into her mind.A. weepB. weepingC. to weepD. to be weeping-----------------选择：B17. 84. Her parents tried to _______ a subtle pressure on her to marry someone who would carry on the family business.A. bringB. employC. bearD. exert-----------------选择：D18. 51. I'm excited about the ______ of going to the States.A. requestB. divisionC. possibilityD. reality-----------------选择：C19. 78. Nylon fibers last longer and are stronger than natural fibers _______ silk or cotton.A. such asB. as regardsC. as well asD. as such-----------------选择：A20. 44. I want to go to the dentist, but you ______ with me.A. need not to goB. do not need goC. need not goD. need to not go-----------------选择：C。
大学英语(4)课程作业
him to offer
to offer him
本题分值：4.0
用户得分：0.0
用户解答：once offering
标准答案：him once offering
16. Mike was worn out that he just __________ down and slept for ten hours. lied
encourage me to pay
said to me play
had me play
本题分值：4.0
用户得分：0.0
用户解答：urged that I played
标准答案：had me play
12. It ________ around nine when I drove back home because it was already dark. had to be
having begun
beginning
begun
本题分值：4.0
用户得分：4.0
用户解答：begun
标准答案：begun
10. Before she went abroad she spent as much time as she could _____ English . practise to speak
laid
lay
had lain
本题分值：4.0
用户得分：0.0
用户解答：had lain
标准答案：lay
17. She has devoted all her energies _______ the care of homeless people. into
本题分值：4.0
2014年4月份考试大学英语(4)第一次作业及答案
2014年4月份考试大学英语（4）第一次作业一、单项选择题（本大题共55分，共 55 小题，每小题 1 分）1. What are you busy with?（）A. I have a busy schedule this week.B. Yes. I’m very busy.C. I’m preparing the exam.D. No. I’m not sure.2. What are you particularly interested in? （）A. This is good history book.B. I’m keen on the history IT in china.C. Sure, I''m interested in it.D. There are many things to do.3. ______ France Viuard an excellent political speaker but she was also among the first members of the populist party.A. Not onlyB. If onlyC. Only ifD. Not only was4. Beautiful music, isn’t it?（）A. Who’s the composer?B. Yes. It’s my favorite.C. So glad to hear that.D. It’s a gift from my father.5. Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the airport? （）A. Don''t ask thatB. Sorry, I''m a stranger hereC. No, I can''t say thatD. No, you''re driving too fast6. He said that he ( )since two o’clock that morning.A. was writingB. would have been writingC. would be writingD. had been writing7. Do you ever go jogging?（）A. Whe re’s jogging?B. How do you know?C. I’ve tried to, but I couldn’t keep going.D. That’s good.8. What’s the weather like in Chongqing these days? （）A. It’s like raining.B. It doesn’t like the weather.C. It is very hot.D. I’d like raining.9. What is this dish made of? （）A. By Mr. Zhang.B. I’d prefer vegetable.C. Pork cubes(丁，块)D. For supper.10. Is it easy to find a job as a tour guide? （）A. I don’t like tour guide.B. Who knows.C. The job is difficult.D. Not really.11. How are you feeling now? （）A. Oh, much better.B. I am very happy.C. It’s not important.D. So beautiful and sweet.12. Would you agree to ______ the operation?A. Parsons having full control ofB. Parsons controlC. Parson''s having full control ofD. be in Parson''s control13. Hi, is Mary there, please? （）A. Hold on. I''ll get herB. No, she isn''t hereC. Yes, she lives hereD. Yes, what do you want14. The population in the United States, where immigrants account for more than ten percent of residents, increases by about 1 per cent annually, ( ) with just 0.2 per cent in the EU.A. comparingB. compared beingC. comparedD. and compared15. Some type of instrument ______ has been known to painters since the early Stone Age.A. for applying paintB. applying paintC. is for applying paintD. for applying paint, it16. Because of the heavy rain they proposed that the football match ( )put off.A. would beB. wasC. beD. had to be17. What about lunch time（）A. Steak and bread.B. It’s nice.C. Very delicious.D. Lunch begins at 1 p.m.18. You’re going to have a quiz ( )by another two in the ( )month.A. followed,followedB. followed,followingC. following,followedD. following,following19. What are the hours of your work? （）A. I like it.B. I am busy at the moment.C. It is long.D. The working hours are from 9 A.M. to 5 P.M. on Saturdays.20. How do you like your chicken? （）A. Well, fried.B. Very wellC. I don’t like it.D. It’s nice.21. How do you do, Mr. Li? Very glad to see you. （）A. Thank you.B. The pleasure is mine.C. How are you?D. Hope to see you again.22. What about lunch time（）A. Steak and bread.B. It’s nice.C. Very delicious.D. Lunch begins at 1 p.m.23. How long does the flight stop over a Guangzhou? （）A. 20 miles away.B. From 11:50 to 12:50.C. At 11:50.D. 2 days ago.24. Michael, you wouldn’t believe what I just saw! It was awful! （）A. I know.B. You saw the bus accident?C. That was a really terrible accident.D. Cheer up!25. ( )he works hard, I don’t mind when he finished the experim ent.A. As soon asB. As well asC. So far asD. So long as26. Jimmy, We’ll be there for you; whatever you need. （）A. It was awful.B. Is he alright?C. Thanks a lot. You guys are the greatest.D. I don’t think he’ll make it.27. Hello, I''d like to speak to Mark, please. （）A. Yes, I''m Mark.B. This is Mark speaking.C. It''s me here.D. This is me.28. Michael, you wouldn’t believe what I just saw! It was awful! （）A. I know.B. You saw the bus accident?C. That was a really terrible accident.D. Cheer up!29. What’s the weather like today? （）A. It’s like sunny.B. Yes, I like it.C. It’s lovely and clear.D. No, I don’t like.30. Excuse me, are you Mr. Li? （）A. Here is my card.B. Welcome to our company.C. This is mine.D. Yes. I am.31. What’s wrong with you?（）A. It doesn’t matter.B. I’m sorry.C. I’ve got a bad cold.D. Okay. I’ll deal with it.32. Beautiful music, isn’t it?（）A. Who’s the composer?B. Yes. It’s my favorite.C. So glad to hear that.D. It’s a gift from my father.33. Jimmy, We’ll be there for you; whatever you need. （）A. It was awful.B. Is he alright?C. Thanks a lot. You guys are the greatest.D. I don’t think he’ll make it.34. Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the airport? （）A. Don''t ask thatB. Sorry, I''m a stranger hereC. No, I can''t say thatD. No, you''re driving too fast35. How can I apply for the job? （）A. You may come in and get an application.B. Yes, you can.C. No, you cannot.D. It is for you only.36. How are you feeling now? （）A. Oh, much better.B. I am very happy.C. It’s not important.D. So beautiful and sweet.37. Hi, is Mary there, please? （）A. Hold on. I''ll get herB. No, she isn''t hereC. Yes, she lives hereD. Yes, what do you want38. Excuse me, how can I get to the Dodak Company? （）A. See it on the left side.B. Go straight for about 10 minutes.C. Ask him.D. I can’t understand.39. Why do you look so unhappy? （）A. It looks like a disaster.B. My skin is so dry and rough.C. It’s fine today.D. He looks terrible.40. Wh at’s the weather like in Chongqing these days? （）A. It’s like raining.B. It doesn’t like the weather.C. It is very hot.D. I’d like raining.41. How can I apply for the job? （）A. You may come in and get an application.B. Yes, you can.C. No, you cannot.D. It is for you only.42. Hello, I''d like to speak to Mark, please. （）A. Yes, I''m Mark.B. This is Mark speaking.C. It''s me here.D. This is me.43. Two women were ______ the other people on the platform.A. survivingB. retrievingC. surveyingD. delaying44. This part of the city has been ( )as a shopping area.A. playedB. organizedC. zonedD. specialized45. Two women were ______ the other people on the platform.A. survivingB. retrievingC. surveyingD. delaying46. Why do you look so unhappy? （）A. It looks like a disaster.B. My skin is so dry and rough.C. It’s fine today.D. He looks terrible.47. What a nice surprise? What brings you here? （）A. It’s really a surprise.B. I’m here on vacation.C. Nothing.D. My brother.48. Excuse me, how can I get to the Dodak Company? （）A. See it on the left side.B. Go straight for about 10 minutes.C. Ask him.D. I can’t understand.49. The losing candidate accepted the result of the election ______ .A. gracefulB. graciousC. gracefullyD. graciously50. What a nice surprise? What brings you here? （）A. It’s really a surprise.B. I’m here on vacation.C. Nothing.D. My brother.51. Many families have taught their children to place litter in the trash can ( ) this catchy phrase.A. in response toB. in responseC. respond toD. respond52. The idea sounds fine, but we still need to ( ) it ( ) in practice.A. figure…outB. try…outC. carry … outD. work… out53. ______ , a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A. Other things being equalB. Were other things equalC. To be equal to other thingsD. Other things to be equal54. The final decision ( ) the patient himself rather than the doctor.A. up toB. rests withC. hinges toD. depends55. With the booming internet subscribers, ( ) in the information technology finally paid off.A. investB. investigationC. investmentD. debt二、阅读理解单项选择题（本大题共45分，共 3 小题，每小题 15 分）1.Data from the pioneer spacecraft of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) apparently prove the theory that searing 900-degree Fahrenheit surface temperature of Venus is due to an atmospheric greenhouse effect caused mainly by a blanket of carbon dioxide. Such a greenhouse effect is created when energy in the formof sunlight easily passes through a planet’s atmosphere, warms its surface, and is converted to heat radiation that is then held in by the atmosphere. The orbiting spacecraft sampled Venus’ atmosphere from top to bottom, enabling NASA’s scientists to establish theexact amount of sunlight absorbed at various places in the planet’s atmosphere and on its surface. Measurements of atmosphere composition, temperature profiles, and radiative heating predicted Venus’ surface temperature very accurately. The planet is closer to the Sun than is Earth, and it has a relatively thin atmosphere like Earth’s but Venus’ atmosphere consists of more than ninety percent carbon dioxide, compared to less than four percent in that of Earth. Because of its hig her percentage of carbon dioxide, Venus’ atmosphere traps much more heat radiation than does Earth’s. Thus, the Venus studies are believed to be important to the understanding of possible adverseeffects on Earth’s agriculture and sea levels that could res ult from the long-term use of fossil fuels, which add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.(1). Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. The Voyage of Pioneer SpacecraftB. Measuring Planetary TemperaturesC. A New TheoryD. The Greenhouse Effect on Venus (2).According to the passage, what heats the atmosphere on Venus?A. The green house effectB. The sunlightC. The radiationD. The carbon dioxide(3).According to the passage, how does the atmosphere of Venus differ from that of Earth?A. It contains much more carbon dioxideB. It is four percent thinnerC. It holds significantly less moistureD. It traps less heat radiation(4).It can be inferred from the passage that the burning of fossil fuels on Earth may cause _____.A. more carbon dioxide to enter sea waterB. more sunlight to reach the Earth’s surfaceC. the planet’s temperature to changeD. the atmosphere to become thinner(5).According to the passage, data from the Venus study can be used to________.A. predict changes in the planet’s orbitB. test a theory about more efficient greenhouseC. test the efficiency of a spacecraftD. predict future agricultural problems on Earth2.At dawn on January 17, 1995, the city of Kobe was rocked by earthquake tremors. The worst tremors reach 7.2 on the Richter scale. Kobe is Japan's sixth largest city. It is also one of the world's largest ports. Within minutes, Kobe was a disaster area.How bad was the damage? The earthquake was the worst to hit Japan in 72 years. There were more than 6,000 people dead. More than 35,000 were injured, and nearly 310,000 were left homeless. Some75,000 buildings were damaged or destroyed. Total damage was estimated at $90 billion.Were the Japanese prepared for earthquakes? They thought they were. They were expecting a big earthquake to strike one of their major cities. But they did not know when, where, or how big the earthquake would be. Architects and engineers believed they had designed earthquake-proof buildings, transportation, and public services. Kobe's few minutes of earth tremors shattered that belief. What did people learn from the Kobe earthquake? What happened in Kobe suggests that earthquake hazard was not taken seriously enough. Some people believe that more can be done to reduce damage. They propose the following. More work should be put into quake-proofing buildings. Walls should be built to protect towns on the coast from large waves. Providers of emergency services must be better trained and better prepared. Citizens must be better educated on what to do when an earthquake strikes.The major barrier to doing more is cost. Japan finds itself trying balance the cost against the risk of a strong earthquake. (1).Which sentence best tells what this passage says?A. Cities can be made earthquake proof.B. More can be done to reduce the damage of earthquakeC. Earthquakes always cause serious damageD. Nothing can be done to reduce the damage of earthquake(2).How many people died in the Kobe earthquake?A. More than 6,000B. At least 100,000C. Nearly 310000D. 75,000(3).What is the major difficulty in doing more to reduce the earthquake damage?A. People are not given enough trainingB. Engineers do not have the knowledgeC. Protection is too costlyD. No one takes earthquakes seriously(4).The author's attitude in writing this passage is ________.(Only paragraph 1 is chronological!)A. analyticB. blamingC. provocativeD. indifferent(5)."Tremors" probably means ________.A. earthquake-proving buildingsB. shaking movementsC. heavy thunderstormsD. natural disasters3. City planners are the people who guide the development of cities and towns. They might advise local governments on ways to improve communities, or they might design entirely new communities. In South Florida, for example, city planners are working to improve existing communities. The population of the area is expected to increase from 5.5 million to 7.5 million by 2020. The growth is headed to the west, where there is still open land. But western growth creates a costly need for new roads and is a threat to the ecological system of the Florida Everglades（沼泽地）. City planners are trying to lure people back into the older, developed eastern section of the region by concentrating growth in that direction and away from the western section.City planners also plan and develop new communities. These communities, called new cities or new towns, include both places to live and places to work. New cities, such as Brazil's capital Brasilia, a community founded in 1900, can be constructed far from existing cities. Such cities are designed with enough facilities and job opportunities for all residents. Building completely new citiesis very costly, however, Brasilia and Canberra, Australia, are two examples of the few new cities that have ever been completedNew towns are different from new cities in that they are built within commuting distance of large cities. They may also be planned communities within a city. New towns provide jobs for many of their residents, but they also rely on neighboring cities for jobs. Two of the first new towns built in the United States were Columbia, Maryland, and Reston, Virginia. At the end of the 20th century an estimated 100 new towns were planned or under construction in the United States.(1). The passage is mainly about ________. A. choosinga good city planner B. the planning of the Reston, Virginia C. the planning of Brasilia and Canberra D. the work of city planners(2). Brasilia, Brazil, is an example of _______. A. an improved old city B. a planned new city C. a planned new town D. a suburban development(3). You would most likely hire a city planner if you needed someoneto ________. A. help grow best trees and flowers in a city B. a planned new city C. design new office buildings in a city D. guidethe development of a new community in a city(4). The number 2 million indicates the predicted ________. A. decrease in South Florida's population B. increase in South Florida's population C. number of city planners to be needed in the year 2020 D. number of towns to be planned by 205 population in a newly-designed city(5). In this passage lure means______ A. cheat B. force C. attract D. chase答案：一、单项选择题（55分，共 55 题，每小题 1 分）1. C2. B3. D4. B5. B6. D7. C8. C9. C 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. A14. B 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. B 24. B 25.D 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. A37. A 38. B 39. B 40. C 41. A 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. C 46. B 47. B 48.B 49.C 50. B 51. A 52. A 53. A 54. B 55. C二、阅读理解单项选择题（45分，共 3 题，每小题 15 分）1.(1). D (2). B (3). A (4). C (5). D2.(1). B (2). A (3). C (4). A (5). B3.(1). D (2). B (3). D (4). B (5). C。
2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)
2014 年12 月英语四级考试真题试卷（1）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1 上Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。
2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)
2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage。
The rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments in human history, comparable in impact to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph。
Over two billion people worldwide now have access to vastly more information than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly , often using Web—connected mobile devices they carry everywhere。
But the Internet’s tremendous impact has only just begun。
"Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the most exciting social, cultural，and political transformations in history，and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fully global，" Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book The New Digital Age.Perhaps the most profound changes will come when the five billion people worldwide who currently lack Internet access get online。
大学英语4第四次作业
大学英语4 第四次作业一、单选题 (共85.00分)1.He has more money than the rest of us ________.A.in totallyB.to put togetherC.put togetherD.putting together 正确答案：C2.The crowd started to ________ when the night fell.A.break outB.break offC.break upD.break down 正确答案：C3.I curiously asked her about her ________ behavior.A.oddB.ordinaryC.formalD.normal 正确答案：A4.Would you afford a poor child a temporary ________?A.securityB.shelterC.preservationD.conservation 正确答案：B5.I stood still, trying to ________ a reasonable excuse.A.discoverB.solveC.inventD.create 正确答案：C6.She woke him for his medicines at ________ throughout the night.A.intervalsB.intervalC.occasionD.occasions 正确答案：A7.He showed good judgment in deciding not to ________ in the project.A.devoteB.giveC.inventD.invest正确答案：D8.He can’t spend too much time arguing with you about the matter. He ________.A.TrueB.False 正确答案：A9.The author’s mother thought Chinese women gained less than men in 1973.A.TrueB.False 正确答案：B10.The author pursued her career knowing that she could do anything she wanted.A.TrueB.False 正确答案：A11.The author doesn’t think that everything was possible.A.TrueB.False 正确答案：B12.No one could _________ how he got to be so wealthy.A.work outB.figure oute overD.think of 正确答案：B13.You can always _________ him when you are in difficulties.A.appeal toB.turn towardsC.depend inD.fall back on 正确答案：D14.Sometimes you have to learn to _________ and work harder.A.put your head upB.sink your heart belowC.put your heart downD.put your head down 正确答案：D15.She proudly displayed her degree _________ to her parents.A.certificateB.centigradeC.thesisD.proof 正确答案：A16.They will receive their awards at a _________ in Stockholm.A.meetingB.conferenceC.ceremonyD.appointment 正确答案：C17.If your talent combines with diligence, you can excel in your _________.A.pursueB.chasingC.processD.pursuit 正确答案：D二、多选题 (共15.00分)1.What did the writer think of her mother?A.Mother for she was always adventurous.B.She was afraid of the nature.C.Her mother was not an entirely traditional wife.D.She just wanted to act well as a mother and wife. 正确答案：A C2.What is the writer’s opinion of a woman’s roles?A.A woman should be fearless by nature.B.A woman should not confine herself merely to a wife and mother.C.A woman should get a nursing degree or a teaching certificate or learn cooking skills.D.A woman also can be successful in career.正确答案：B D3.What lesson did the mother teach her daughter at last?A.Just to do the things as you are told to.B.Everything is possible.C.If you try your best, you can do anything you want to do.D.To ignore everything and just do yourself. 正确答案：B C。
行政管理大学英语(3)2013秋第三套作业
内容:
Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine wherewe "fit " in society. As we go about oureveryday lives, we mentally attempy to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is areader or a librarian ,whether the telephone calleris a friend or a salesman ,whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader , and so on .The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout lift. Most of us can , at very high speed , assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relationto us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisaland interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly..A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an Americanis not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well asby our pocketbook Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor abjustments , we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made,and the range of choice among them is limited. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us ______
2014年4月份考试大学英语(4)第二次作业及答案
2014年4月份考试大学英语（4）第二次作业一、单项选择题（本大题共80分，共 40 小题，每小题 2 分）1. Some of the biologists insisted that the dam ( ) to protect miles of natural wildness along the river.A. constructB. have been constructingC. have been constructedD. be constructed2. We don''t need a car, ( ).A. and neither can we afford itB. neither we can afford itC. and we can neither afford itD. neither can afford it3. If your father had been alive, he ( ) 76 years old today.A. will beB. would beC. would have beenD. could have been4. The agency is more ( ) with making arty ads than understanding its clients（客户）.A. concernB. concernedC. concerningD. to concern5. I ( ) early in the morning and jog around the campus when I was in college.A. used to get upB. used to getting upC. was used to getting upD. was used to get up6. I had planned to leave Guangzhou ( ) the morning of the 20th, but the take-off was postponed till the late afternoon because of the weather.A. inB. onC. atD. for7. Nowadays with the living standards rising many parents intend to have their children ( ) abroad.A. educateB. educatedC. to educateD. being educated8. He spent the whole night thinking over ( ) Mr. Smith had said atthe meeting.A. all whatB. whichC. allD. that9. The coat ( ) I bought at Parkson department store shrank two sizes when I washed it.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. which10. ( ) the strike continues too long is obvious.A. WhatB. thatC. whereD. how11. In my opinion, the management should do far more than just ( ) empty promises.A. makeB. makingC. to makeD. made12. We gave up the house, because of( ) considerations.A. economicB. economicalC. economyD. economics13. We don''t need a car, ( ).A. and neither can we afford itB. neither we can afford itC. and we can neither afford itD. neither can afford it14. I owe a great deal to my coach. Without his encouragement, I ( ) my goal.A. will never have achievedB. needn''t have achievedC. mustn''t have achievedD. would never have achieved15. The bald eagle ( )the United States.A. representativeB. representsC. presentsD. presentative16. If he needs any further information, ( ) him to me.A. refuseB. refuteC. referD. reflect17. All the roommates welcome Mary''s suggestion that they ( ) only English in their dormitory.A. must speakB. would speakC. should speakD. had better speak18. It was not until recently ( ) we learned the famous film star would marry that politician.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. then19. The Robinsons have a large garden, ( ) they never have to buy vegetables.A. becauseB. butC. thatD. so20. It was not very long ( ) scientists applied the technique to other species.A. whileB. thenC. beforeD. after21. Since the tragedies of Sept. 11th, Americans have experienced ( ) grief.A. profoundB. soundC. profileD. promised22. It'd be great if they invited us, but don't ( ) it.A. depend onB. decide onC. work onD. bet on23. Drug ( ) will cause eternal mental damage to teenagers.A. useB. abuseC. smugglingD. injection24. X-rays are also called Rontgen rays ( )the discoveries who first put them to use.A. in case ofB. in view ofC. in place ofD. in honor of25. The government gave us a ( )to build another classroom.A. donationB. permissionC. grantD. award26. The students complained about the ( ) rules and regulations at the school.A. rigidB. regulateC. severeD. serious27. When being flattered, Chinese people are ( ) to be modest and reserved.A. inclinedB. clineC. declinedD. clinged28. The big project ( ) us so much that we can not imagine to take a holiday this year.A. pressesB. distressesC. burdensD. engages29. Her speech failed to ( ) her colleagues into supporting the plan.A. persuadeB. convinceC. canvassD. sway30. The reporter managed to get a(n) ( ) interview with the Prime Minister.A. inclusiveB. exclusiveC. impressiveD. executive31. The film star was so ( ) that she did not have opportunity to take part in the Academic Award ceremony.A. enduredB. obsessedC. idleD. engaged32. With the booming internet subscribers, ( ) in the information technology finally paid off.A. investB. investigationC. investmentD. debt33. Nowadays people tend to live in rural areas while work in( )areas.A. suburbanB. urbanC. subwayD. way34. There is a ( ) network of roads round the country.A. mixedB. difficultC. complexD. confusing35. Her speech failed to ( ) her colleagues into supporting the plan.A. persuadeB. convinceC. canvassD. sway36. Their purpose is to ( ) awareness of public problems thatcitizens face.A. raiseB. ariseC. arouseD. rise37. In an age of fierce competition, ( ) knowledge is necessary to get a well-pay job.A. majorB. specializationC. specializedD. special38. The actor said that he felt quite ( ) after the holiday, and was ready to work againA. storedB. relievedC. releasedD. restored39. ( ) ads cause individuals to take action and even save lives.A. InspiredB. InspiringC. SpiredD. Spring40. When you are young you think you are ( ): you feel you can achieve anything.A. vigorousB. interestingC. indispensableD. invincible二、阅读理解单项选择题（本大题共20分，共 2 小题，每小题 10 分）1.After practicing as a surgeon for several years, Dr. Ginoux decided to apply for membership in the American College of Surgeons (美国外科医生学会), a highly selective and distinguished professional organization.As part of the application procedure (手续), Dr. Ginoux was asked to prepare a list of all the operations performed in the previous seven years. Slowly, as she worked on the long list, she began tofeel uncertain. She began to question some of her decisions. Had she used the best technique in that case? Maybe, in this case, she should have run one more test before operating? On the other hand, maybe she should have … Would the doctors on the selection committee understand that, as the only trained surgeon in the area, she usually could not get advice from others and therefore, had to rely completely on her own judgment? For the first time, Dr. Ginoux felt lonely and isolated.The longer Dr. Ginoux worked on the application forms, the more depressed she became. As hope fa ded, she wondered if a “country doctor” had a realistic chance of being accepted by the American College of Surgeons.(1).Dr. Ginoux was working in _______.A. a large cityB. the American College of SurgeonsC. an area far from any big cityD. a selective organization(2).The application forms must include ___.A. the decision procedureB. a record of all the operations.C. the best techniqueD. a list of advice and judgments(3).It was most probable that Dr. Ginoux was ____A. a member in that organizationB. a well-trained surgeonC. a graduate from the American College of SurgeonsD. a distinguished surgeon in America(4).When she was filling the application froms, Dr. Ginoux began to be____.A. realisticB. distinguishedC. perplexedD. decisive(5).When filling the forms, Dr. Ginoux felt depressed because _____.A. she didn’t perform enough operationsB. some operations were unsuccessfulC. she didn’t get advice from the selection committeeD. she was doubtful about her operations2.An important new industry, oil refining, grew after the Civil War. Crude oil, or petroleum – a dark, thick ooze from the earth – had been known for hundreds of years. But little use had ever been madeof it. In the 1850’s Samuel M. Kier, a manufactur er in the western Pennsylvania, began collecting the oil from local seepages andrefining it into kerosene, Refining, like smelting, is a process of removing impurities from a raw material.Kerosene was used to light lamps. It was a cheap substitute for whale oil, which was becoming harder to get. Soon there was a large demand for kerosene. People began to search for new supplies of petroleum.The first oil well was drilled by E. L. Drake, a retired railroad conductor. In 1859 he began drilling in Titusville, Pennsylvania. The whole venture seemed so impractical and foolish that onlookers called it “Drake’s Folly”. But when he had drilled down about 70 feet (21 meters), Drake struck oil. His well began to yield 20 barrels ofcrude oil a day.News of Drake’s success brought oil prospectors to the scene. By the early 1860’s these wildcatters were drilling for “black gold” all over western Pennsylvania. The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement and Wild West atmosphere. And it brought far more wealth to the prospectors than any gold rush.Crude oil could be refined into many products. For some years kerosene continued to be the principal one. It was sold in grocery stores and door-to-door. In the 1880’s refiners learned how to make other petroleum products such as waxes and lubricating oils. Petroleum was not then used to make gasoline or heating oil.(1).Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Oil Refining: A Historical PerspectiveB. The California Gold Rush: Get Rich QuicklyC. Private Property: Trespassers Will Be ProsecutedD. Kerosene Lamps: Trespassers Will Be Prosecuted(2).It can be inferred from the passage that Kerosene was preferable to whale oil because whale oil was too ________.A. expensiveB. thickC. hotD.polluted(3).Why does the author mention the California gold rush?A. to explain the need for an increased supply of goldB. toindicate the extent of United States mineral wealth C. to describethe mood when oil was first discovered D. to argue that gold was more valuable than oil(4).The word “one” in the second sentence of the last paragraph could best be replaced by which of the following words?A. oilB. doorC. storeD. product(5).The author mentions all of the following as possible products of crude oil EXCEPTA.waxB. gasolineC. KeroseneD. plastic答案：一、单项选择题（80分，共 40 题，每小题 2 分）1. D2. A3. C4. B5. A6. B7. B8. C9. A 10. B 11. A 12. A 13.A 14. D 15.B 16.C 17. C 18. C 19.D 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. A 24.D 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35.D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. D二、阅读理解单项选择题（20分，共 2 题，每小题 10 分）1.(1). C (2). B (3). B (4). C (5). D2.(1). A (2). A (3). C (4). D (5). D。
兰州大学大学英语(4)答案
大学英语(4)课程作业第一套满分答案1.Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to ______________ any further responsibilities. take on get on put up look up 标准答案： take on2. She has devoted all her energies _______ the care of homeless people. into to for on 标准答案： to3. We had no trouble in the journey ____________ a flat tyre. but except besides except for 标准答案： except for4. I remember _____________ to help us if we ever got into trouble. once offering him once offering him to offer to offer him 标准答案： him once offering5. Her plane _________ at the airport right now. arrived was arriving has arrived is arriving 标准答案： is arriving6. More than one teacher _______told him it is important that he learn English well if he _______abroa; had, will go has, wants to go has, want to go have,shall go 标准答案： has, wants to go7. Before she went abroad she spent as much time as she could _____ English . practise to speak practising speaking practise speaking to practise speaking 标准答案： practising speaking8. A fireman discovered the __________ of the fire. truth reason cause fact 标准答案： cause9. He thought that children ________ better through participating in experiences rather than through listening to lecture. will learn would learn learn is learning 标准答案： would learn 10. She ______________ him to help her to find answers to her problems. learned from came into leaned on looked at 标准答案： leaned on 11. ________ you are free, why not go skating with us? Because Since As For 标准答案： Since 12. I was just congratulating her ________ having won her race. for off in on 标准答案： on 13. He _______ lives in the house where he was born. already yet still ever 标准答案： still 14. ----- The art exhibition ______ by me _______ a great success . ----- __________ ! run, promises, Congratulations made, whishes, Congratulations run, expects , Congratulation made , seems , Congratulation 标准答案： run, promises, Congratulations 15. Many difficulties have __________ as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel. risen arisen raised arrived 标准答案： arisen 16. Henry was deported for having an expired vis He _______ his visa renewe; should have had? must have had? might have had? would have had 标准答案： should have had? 17. This is a group of six boys ________ 14 to 17. aged aging ages age 标准答案： aged 18. In the couse of a day students do far more than just _____________ classes. attend attended to attend attending 标准答案： attend 二判断题1. How children are taught and learn to perform different roles. 错对标准答案：对2. Loving a person means knowing the many sides of him —not just the beautiful side but also the limitations, inconsistencies and faults. 错对标准答案：对 3. They pulled the child away of the fire and saved her life. 错对标准答案：错 4. How to make a effective complaint about a faulty item. 错对标准答案：错 5. There are many a people who are just not geared up to live independently. 错对标准答案：错 6. If you want to make good impression on other people, you have to be yourself at your best. 错对标准答案：错7. Adult nurturing./They need adults to bring them up. 错对标准答案：对 1. ___________ being used in industry, laser can be applied to operations in the hospital. Except for In addition to Out of In spite of 标准答案： In addition to 2. Were the wire of a smaller diameter (直径), its resistance ________. had been increased was increased might have been increased would be increased 标准答案： would be increased 3. ________ you are free, why not go skating with us? Because Since As For 标准答案： Since 4. This is a group of six boys ________ 14 to 17. aged aging ages age 标准答案： aged 5. We all argued about it forhours and finally _________ at a decision. came arrived drew reached 标准答案： arrived 6. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life ________: 77.2 years. rank scale span scope 标准答案： span 7. They usually have less money at the end of the month than ___________ at the beginning. which is they have which was it is 标准答案： they have 8. I told him how to get here but maybe I __________ him a map. should have given ought to give had to give must have given 标准答案： should have given 9. Prisons in some countries are short of staff, ___________ means each prison officer is overworked and underpaid. which this what it 标准答案： which 10. A fireman discovered the __________ of the fire. truth reason cause fact 标准答案： cause 11. It is generally believed that reaching is ___ it is a science an art much as much an art as as an art much as as much an art as 标准答案： as much an art as 12. All the tasks ________ ahead of schedule, they decided to go on holiday for a week. been fulfilled were fulfilled having been fulfilled had been fulfilled 标准答案： having been fulfilled 13. Having not money but ____________ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner. not to want anyone not wanting anyone wanted no one to want no one 标准答案： not wanting anyone 14. He wore dark glasses to avoid ____________. having been recognized to be recognized recognized being recognized 标准答案： being recognized 15. In the theater that actors are very ___________ to the reaction of the audience. sensible positive emotional sensitive 标准答案： sensitive 16. It ________ around nine when I drove back home because it was already dark. had to be was to be must have been must be 标准答案： must have been 17. I need one more stamp before my collection ___. has completed completes has been completed is completed 标准答案： is completed 18. When Harry arrived home after a hard day at work, ______________. his wife slept his wife has slept his wife was sleeping his wife has been sleeping 标准答案： his wife was sleeping 二判断题1. One sign of a person nature is said to be found in his choices in architecture and furniture. 错对标准答案：错 2. The teacher was patient with all the students to make them meet the minimum standards set by the course. 错对标准答案：对 3. They will come to believe it and behave according. 错对标准答案：错 4. The confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance. 错对标准答案：对5. Adult nurturing./They need adults to bring them up. 错对标准答案：对 6. Show some written proof of the purchase to the store. 错对标准答案：对7. What worries me is that music has a very negative messages . 错对标准答案：对 1. The Vikings are believed ___________ America. to have discovered to discover in discovering to have been discovered 标准答案： to have discovered 2. The ground was black ________ ants that were running back and forth. for in by with 标准答案： with 3. The fire was finally brought under control, but not ________ extensive damage had been cause; before after since as 标准答案： before 4. The officials in the _______ at London Airport were very polite. Custom Customs custom customs 标准答案： Customs 5. The French pianist who had been praised very highly _____________ to be a great disappointment. turned up turned in turned out turned down 标准答案： turned out 6. We all ____________ the achievements he has made in his study. admire adopt advise adjust 标准答案： admire 7. Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim ________. may be hardly doubted may be seriously doubted may be hard doubting may be doubted serious 标准答案： may be seriously doubted 8. The latest census figures _____________ the fact that westward movement in the U.S. continues growing. confirm are confirmed confirms wereconfirmed 标准答案： confirms 9. Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to ______________ any further responsibilities. take on get on put up look up 标准答案： take on 10. She has devoted all her energies _______ the care of homeless people. into to for on 标准答案： to 11. He wore dark glasses to avoid ____________. having been recognized to be recognized recognized being recognized 标准答案： being recognized 12. Have a cup of tea, _______? shall we will you won't you do you 标准答案： won't you 13. More than one teacher _______told him it is important that he learn English well if he _______abroa; had, will go has, wants to go has, want to go have,shall go 标准答案： has, wants to go 14. England is an island country. _______ consists of three principal islands, and _______climate is generally mil; It , its She , Her He , his She ,its 标准答案： It , its 15. This is a group of six boys ________ 14 to 17. aged aging ages age 标准答案： aged 16. The research is so designed that once ___ nothing can be done to change it. begins having begun beginning begun 标准答案： begun 17. He thought that children ________ better through participating in experiences rather than through listening to lecture. will learn would learn learn is learning 标准答案： would learn 18. That young man has made so much noise that he ___ not have been allowed attend the concert. could must would should 标准答案： should 二判断题1. How children are taught and learn to perform different roles. 错对标准答案：对 2. Angela suggests that teachers may change their teachings by taking students out of the classroom to some place which students can also talk and do something. 错对标准答案：错 3. They argued that the use of automatic weapons violating the conventional international law. 错对标准答案：错 4. What worries me is that music has a very negative messages . 错对标准答案：对 5. The workers are holding out for a 10% pay rises and have threatened to strike. 错对标准答案：错 6. Mrs. Baroda felt confused with Gouvernail’s puzzling nature and found it hard to penetrate the silence in that he had unconsciously covered himself. 错对标准答案：错7. His statement has caused a chain of different reactions. 错对标准答案：对 1. We can never relax in this office. New problems are continually _______. coming out coming up raising presenting 标准答案： coming up 2. More than one teacher _______told him it is important that he learn English well if he _______abroa; had, will go has, wants to go has, want to go have,shall go 标准答案： has, wants to go 3. We desire that the tour leader ____________ us at once of any change in plans. inform informs informed has informed 标准答案： inform 4. Many difficulties have __________ as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel. risen arisen raised arrived 标准答案： arisen 5. When Laura finally arrived she apologized _______ so late. for to come that she was coming for coming to come 标准答案： to come 6. The boy ____ turned the TV off as the clock struck ten, time for him to go to be; reluctantly disappointedly fortunately undoubtedly 标准答案： reluctantly 7. Before she went abroad she spent as much time as she could _____ English . practise to speak practising speaking practise speaking to practise speaking 标准答案： practising speaking 8. How could he __________ from believing that she was changing her mind? avoid stop prevent keep 标准答案： keep 9. Can you ________ furnishing your house luxuriously at a time when the company is losing so much money? verify identify justify clarify 标准答案： justify 10. This is a group of six boys ________ 14 to 17. aged aging ages age 标准答案： aged 11. He wore dark glasses to avoid ____________. having been recognized to be recognized recognized being recognized 标准答案： being recognized 12. The result of competition will ________entirely _________ the opinions of the judges declare...for depend...on adapt...to arrive...at 标准答案： depend...on 13. She has devoted all her energies _______ the care of homeless people. into to for on 标准答案： to 14. England is an island country. _______ consists of three principal islands, and _______climate is generally mil; It , its She , Her He , his She ,its 标准答案： It , its 15. Having not money but ____________ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner. not to want anyone not wanting anyone wanted no one to want no one 标准答案： not wanting anyone 16. I need one more stamp before my collection ___. has completed completes has been completed is completed 标准答案： is completed 17. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life ________: 77.2 years. rank scale span scope 标准答案： span 18. She ______________ him to help her to find answers to her problems. learned from came into leaned on looked at 标准答案： leaned on 二判断题1. They argued that the use of automatic weapons violating the conventional international law. 错对标准答案：错 2. They will come to believe it and behave according. 错对标准答案：错 3. Inflation result from an excess of demand over supply. 错对标准答案：错 4. They pulled the child away of the fire and saved her life. 错对标准答案：错 5. They are not prepared to listen to students, that is a fault of the school. 错对标准答案：错 6. Both marriage and family involve long-term obligations or responsibility for shared care, not just the search of happiness. 错对标准答案：错7. The teacher was patient with all the students to make them meet the minimum standards set by the course. 错对标准答案：对 1. When Harry arrived home after a hard day at work, ______________. his wife slept his wife has slept his wife was sleeping his wife has been sleeping 标准答案： his wife was sleeping 2. Life insurance, _______ available only to young, healthy persons, can now be obtained for old people. before after former previously 标准答案： previously 3. 'Who are those people over there?' 'They are ____________.' mathematics' student mathematics students mathematic student mathematic students 标准答案： mathematics students 4. He was a good worker who was ________ to his family as well as to his work. consistent committed content engaged 标准答案： committed 5. ___________ being used in industry, laser can be applied to operations in the hospital. Except for In addition to Out of In spite of 标准答案： In addition to 6. I need one more stamp before my collection ___. has completed completes has been completed is completed 标准答案： is completed 7. It ________ around nine when I drove back home because it was already dark. had to be was to be must have been must be 标准答案： must have been 8. It is generally believed that reaching is ___ it is a science an art much as much an art as as an art much as as much an art as 标准答案： as much an art as 9. Can you ________ furnishing your house luxuriously at a time when the company is losing so much money? verify identify justify clarify 标准答案： justify 10. I told him how to get here but maybe I __________ him a map. should have given ought to give had to give must have given 标准答案： should have given 11. Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to ______________ any further responsibilities. take on get on put up look up 标准答案： take on 12. They packed the instruments carefully ________ they would be broken during transportation. so that on condition that for fear that provided that 标准答案： for fear that 13. We all ____________ the achievements he has made in his study. admire adopt advise adjust 标准答案： admire 14. A fireman discovered the __________ of the fire. truth reason cause fact 标准答案： cause 15. I ___ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had timeto play since th enew year. will play have played played play 标准答案： play 16. Have a cup of tea, _______? shall we will you won't you do you 标准答案： won't you 17. The officials in the _______ at London Airport were very polite. Custom Customs custom customs 标准答案： Customs 18. He _______ lives in the house where he was born. already yet still ever 标准答案： still 二判断题1. Show some written proof of the purchase to the store. 错对标准答案：对 2. The enormous importance people attached to these issues seems eventually to have encouraged the parties to address them in a more practical way. 错对标准答案：对 3. What worries me is that music has a very negative messages . 错对标准答案：对 4. If you want to make good impression on other people, you have to be yourself at your best. 错对标准答案：错 5. Loving a person means knowing the many sides of him —not just the beautiful side but also the limitations, inconsistencies and faults. 错对标准答案：对 6. Learning a foreign language are one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences. 错对标准答案：错7. Both marriage and family involve long-term obligations or responsibility for shared care, not just the search of happiness. 错对标准答案：错 1. We all ____________ the achievements he has made in his study. admire adopt advise adjust 标准答案： admire 2. Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to ______________ any further responsibilities. take on get on put up look up 标准答案： take on 3. This multiple-choice test ____________ 40 incomplete sentences with several choices to complete them. is composed of consists in makes up sets out 标准答案： is composed of 4. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life ________: 77.2 years. rank scale span scope 标准答案： span 5. The only way to ___ a fear is to face it, and to do so as frequently as possible. commit enlarge communicate conquer 标准答案： conquer 6. With the increasing of environmental awareness, many green belts _______ all over the country. frowned at frowned off frowned down frowned on 标准答案： frowned off 7. When Laura finally arrived she apologized _______ so late. for to come that she was coming for coming to come 标准答案： to come 8. He thought that children ________ better through participating in experiences rather than through listening to lecture. will learn would learn learn is learning 标准答案： would learn 9. In the old days people only had a ________ idea of what other countries were like . cough tough rough crude 标准答案： rough 10. Life insurance, _______ available only to young, healthy persons, can now be obtained for old people. before after former previously 标准答案： previously 11. He wore dark glasses to avoid ____________. having been recognized to be recognized recognized being recognized 标准答案： being recognized 12. When Harry arrived home after a hard day at work, ______________. his wife slept his wife has slept his wife was sleeping his wife has been sleeping 标准答案： his wife was sleeping 13. Before she went abroad she spent as much time as she could _____ English . practise to speak practising speaking practise speaking to practise speaking 标准答案： practising speaking 14. It is generally believed that reaching is ___ it is a science an art much as much an art as as an art much as as much an art as 标准答案： as much an art as 15. ___________ being used in industry, laser can be applied to operations in the hospital. Except for In addition to Out of In spite of 标准答案： In addition to 16. We all argued about it for hours and finally _________ at a decision. came arrived drew reached 标准答案： arrived 17. The boy ____ turned the TV off as the clock struck ten, time for him to go to be; reluctantly disappointedly fortunately undoubtedly 标准答案： reluctantly 18. Entering theroom, I found my father __ at the desk and ___ something seat, write seated , wrote seated , writing seating , writing 标准答案： seated , writing 二判断题1. This pass enables me to travel half-price to Beijing by train. 错对标准答案：对 2. The enormous importance people attached to these issues seems eventually to have encouraged the parties to address them in a more practical way. 错对标准答案：对 3. The teacher was patient with all the students to make them meet the minimum standards set by the course. 错对标准答案：对 4. Learning a foreign language are one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences. 错对标准答案：错 5. When it come to makeup, I am absolutely convinced that cosmetics are the greatest protector of the skin yet devise; 错对标准答案：错 6. There are many a people who are just not geared up to live independently. 错对标准答案：错7. Mrs. Baroda felt confused with Gouvernail’s puzzling nature and found it hard to penetrate the silence in that he had unconsciously covered himself. 错对标准答案：错1. The only way to ___ a fear is to face it, and to do so as frequently as possible. commit enlarge communicate conquer 标准答案： conquer 2. In the couse of a day students do far more than just _____________ classes. attend attended to attend attending 标准答案： attend 3. Though the long term ____________ cannot be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee. affect effort effect afford 标准答案： effect 4. After ________ for the job, you will be required to take a language test. being interviewed interviewed interviewing having interviewed 标准答案： being interviewed 5. He wore dark glasses to avoid ____________. having been recognized to be recognized recognized being recognized 标准答案： being recognized 6. The officials in the _______ at London Airport were very polite. Custom Customs custom customs 标准答案： Customs 7. Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to ______________ any further responsibilities. take on get on put up look up 标准答案： take on 8. I remember _____________ to help us if we ever got into trouble. once offering him once offering him to offer to offer him 标准答案： him once offering 9. Were the wire of a smaller diameter (直径), its resistance ________. had been increased was increased might have been increased would be increased 标准答案： would be increased 10. Have a cup of tea, _______? shall we will you won't you do you 标准答案： won't you 11. Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim ________. may be hardly doubted may be seriously doubted may be hard doubting may be doubted serious 标准答案： may be seriously doubted 12. We had no trouble in the journey ____________ a flat tyre. but except besides except for 标准答案： except for 13. The ground was black ________ ants that were running back and forth. for in by with 标准答案： with 14. Can you ________ furnishing your house luxuriously at a time when the company is losing so much money? verify identify justify clarify 标准答案： justify 15. The boy ____ turned the TV off as the clock struck ten, time for him to go to be; reluctantly disappointedly fortunately undoubtedly 标准答案： reluctantly 16. 'Who are those people over there?' 'They are ____________.' mathematics' student mathematics students mathematic student mathematic students 标准答案： mathematics students 17. Having not money but ____________ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner. not to want anyone not wanting anyone wanted no one to want no one 标准答案： not wanting anyone 18. My music teacher ___________ my scales several times a day. urged that I played encourage me to pay said to me play had me play 标准答案： had me play 二判断题1. Inflation result from an excess of demand over supply. 错对标准答案：错 2. This pass enables me totravel half-price to Beijing by train. 错对标准答案：对 3. He believes we can solve what we can think up. 错对标准答案：错 4. When it come to makeup, I am absolutely convinced that cosmetics are the greatest protector of the skin yet devise; 错对标准答案：错 5. Learning a foreign language are one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences. 错对标准答案：错 6. Angela suggests that teachers may change their teachings by taking students out of the classroom to some place which students can also talk and do something. 错对标准答案：错7. Adult nurturing./They need adults to bring them up. 错对标准答案：对 1. He came all the way to China for promoting friendship ____________ for making money. other than more than better than rather than 标准答案： rather than 2. England is an island country. _______ consists of three principal islands, and _______climate is generally mil; It , its She , Her He , his She ,its 标准答案： It , its 3. She ______________ him to help her to find answers to her problems. learned from came into leaned on looked at 标准答案： leaned on 4. He wore dark glasses to avoid ____________. having been recognized to be recognized recognized being recognized 标准答案： being recognized 5. Have a cup of tea, _______? shall we will you won't you do you 标准答案： won't you 6. We all ____________ the achievements he has made in his study. admire adopt advise adjust 标准答案： admire 7. When Laura finally arrived she apologized _______ so late. for to come that she was coming for coming to come 标准答案： to come 8. Ted agreed to _________ the strike if the company would satisfy the demands of workers. call out call off call to call on 标准答案： call off 9. 'Who are those people over there?' 'They are ____________.' mathematics' student mathematics students mathematic student mathematic students 标准答案： mathematics students 10. Mike was worn out that he just __________ down and slept for ten hours. lied laid lay had lain 标准答案： lay 11. Henry was deported for having an expired vis He _______ his visa renewe; should have had? must have had? might have had? would have had 标准答案： should have had? 12. It ________ around nine when I drove back home because it was already dark. had to be was to be must have been must be 标准答案： must have been 13. I ___ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since th enew year. will play have played played play 标准答案： play 14. The French pianist who had been praised very highly _____________ to be a great disappointment. turned up turned in turned out turned down 标准答案： turned out 15. My music teacher ___________ my scales several times a day. urged that I played encourage me to pay said to me play had me play 标准答案： had me play 16. The research is so designed that once ___ nothing can be done to change it. begins having begun beginning begun 标准答案： begun 17. This multiple-choice test ____________ 40 incomplete sentences with several choices to complete them. is composed of consists in makes up sets out 标准答案： is composed of 18. The only way to ___ a fear is to face it, and to do so as frequently as possible. commit enlarge communicate conquer 标准答案： conquer 二判断题 1. What worries me is that music has a very negative messages . 错对标准答案：对 2. Both marriage and family involve long-term obligations or responsibility for shared care, not just the search of happiness. 错对标准答案：错 3. They will come to believe it and behave according. 错对标准答案：错 4. How to make a effective complaint about a faulty item. 错对标准答案：错 5. Mrs. Baroda felt confused with Gouvernail’s puzzling nature and found it hard to penetrate the silence in that he had unconsciously covered himself. 错对标准答案：错 6. He believes we can solve what wecan think up. 错对标准答案：错7. The confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance. 错对标准答案：对 1. Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim ________. may be hardly doubted may be seriously doubted may be hard doubting may be doubted serious 标准答案： may be seriously doubted 2. My music teacher ___________ my scales several times a day. urged that I played encourage me to pay said to me play had me play 标准答案： had me play 3. They packed the instruments carefully ________ they would be broken during transportation. so that on condition that for fear that provided that 标准答案： for fear that 4. When Laura finally arrived she apologized _______ so late. for to come that she was coming for coming to come 标准答案： to come 5. ________ you are free, why not go skating with us? Because Since As For 标准答案： Since 6. In the old days people only had a ________ idea of what other countries were like . cough tough rough crude 标准答案： rough 7. Having not money but ____________ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner. not to want anyone not wanting anyone wanted no one to want no one 标准答案： not wanting anyone 8. 'Who are those people over there?' 'They are ____________.' mathematics' student mathematics students mathematic student mathematic students 标准答案： mathematics students 9. Ted agreed to _________ the strike if the company would satisfy the demands of workers. call out call off call to call on 标准答案： call off 10. We desire that the tour leader ____________ us at once of any change in plans. inform informs informed has informed 标准答案： inform 11. More than one teacher _______told him it is important that he learn English well if he _______abroa; had, will go has, wants to go has, want to go have,shall go 标准答案： has, wants to go 12. He wore dark glasses to avoid ____________. having been recognized to be recognized recognized being recognized 标准答案： being recognized 13. The fire was finally brought under control, but not ________ extensive damage had been cause; before after since as 标准答案： before 14. We all ____________ the achievements he has made in his study. admire adopt advise adjust 标准答案： admire 15. The research is so designed that once ___ nothing can be done to change it. begins having begun beginning begun 标准答案： begun 16. Entering the room, I found my father __ at the desk and ___ something seat, write seated , wrote seated , writing seating , writing 标准答案： seated , writing 17. He thought that children ________ better through participating in experiences rather than through listening to lecture. will learn would learn learn is learning 标准答案： would learn 18. The professor kept speaking about his new discovery in the field, only ________ occasionally to have a mouthful of te dropping off breaking off putting off setting off 标准答案： breaking off 二判断题1. Angela suggests that teachers may change their teachings by taking students out of the classroom to some place which students can also talk and do something. 错对标准答案：错 2. One sign of a person nature is said to be found in his choices in architecture and furniture. 错对标准答案：错 3. They argued that the use of automatic weapons violating the conventional international law. 错对标准答案：错 4. His statement has caused a chain of different reactions. 错对标准答案：对5. If you want to make good impression on other people, you have to be yourself at your best. 错对标准答案：错 6. When it come to makeup, I am absolutely convinced that cosmetics are the greatest protector of the skin yet devise; 错对标准答案：错7. There are many a people who are just not geared up to live independently. 错对标准答案：错。
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第一套）Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?Part II Listening Comprehension （30 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A）They came in five different colors. C）They were a very good design.B）They were good value for money. D）They were sold out very quickly.2. A）Ask her roommate not to speak loudly on the phone.B）Ask her roommate to make her phone calls outside.C）Go and find a quieter place to review her lessons.D）Report her problem to the dorm management.3. A）The washing machine is totally beyond repair.B）He will help Wendy prepare her annual report.C）Wendy should give priority to writing her report.D）The washing machine should be checked annually.4. A）The man fell down when removing the painting.B）The wall will be decorated with a new painting.C）The woman likes the painting on the wall.D）The painting is now being reframed.5. A）It must be missing. C）The man took it to the market.B）It was left in the room. D）She placed it on the dressing table.6. A）Go to a play. C）Book some tickets.B）Meet Janet. D）Have a get-together.7. A）One box of books is found missing. C）Replacements have to be ordered.B）Some of the boxes arrived too late. D）Some of the books are damaged.8. A）The man will pick up Professor Johnson at her office.B）The man did not expect his paper to be graded so soon.C）Professor Johnson has given the man a very high grade.D）Professor Johnson will talk to each student in her office.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A）To buy a present for his friend who is getting married.B）To find out the cost for a complete set of cookware.C）To see what he could ask his friends to buy for him.D）To make inquiries about the price of an electric cooker.10. A）To teach him how to use the kitchenware.B）To discuss cooking experiences with him.C）To tell him how to prepare delicious dishes.D）To recommend suitable kitchenware to him.11. A）There are so many different sorts of knives.B）Cooking devices are such practical presents.C）A mixer can save so much time in making cakes.D）Saucepans and frying pans are a must in the kitchen.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A）Some new problems in her work. C）Her chance for promotion in the bank.B）Cooperation with an international bank. D）Her intention to leave her present job.13. A）The World Bank. C）A U.S. finance corporation.B）Bank of Washington. D）An investment bank in New York.14. A）Supervising financial transactions.B）Taking charge of public relations.C）Making loans to private companies in developing countries.D）Offering service to international companies in the United States.15. A）It is a first major step to realizing the woman’s dream.B）It is an honor for the woman and her present employer.C）It is a loss for her current company.D）It is really beyond his expectation.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A）Carry out a thorough checkup. C）Keep extra gas in reserve.B）Try to keep the gas tank full. D）Fill up the water tank.17. A）Attempting to leave your car to seek help.B）Opening a window a bit to let in fresh air.C）Running the engine every now and then.D）Keeping the heater on for a long time.18. A）It exhausts you physically. C）It causes you to lose body heat.B）It makes you fall asleep easily. D）It consumes too much oxygen.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A）They are very generous in giving gifts.B）They refuse gifts when doing business.C）They regard gifts as a token of friendship.D）They give gifts only on special occasions.20. A）They enjoy giving gifts to other people.B）They spend a lot of time choosing gifts.C）They have to follow many specific rules.D）They pay attention to the quality of gifts.21. A）Gift-giving plays an important role in human relationships.B）We must be aware of cultural differences in giving gifts.C）We must learn how to give gifts before going abroad.D）Reading extensively makes one a better gift-giver.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A）It reflects American people’s view of French politics.B）It is first published in Washington and then in Paris.C）It explains American politics to the French public.D）It is popular among French government officials.23. A）Work on her column. C）Entertain her guests.B）Do housework at home. D）Go shopping downtown.24. A）To report to her newspaper. C）To visit her parents.B）To refresh her French. D）To meet her friends.25. A）She might be recalled to France. C）She might close her Monday column.B）She might change her profession. D）She might be assigned to a new post. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he is considered （26）__________ until the court proves the person is guilty.To arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been （27）__________. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station, where the name of the person and the （28）__________ against him are formally listed.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or （29）__________. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court （30）__________ run away, he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail （保释金）. At this time, too, the judge will （31）__________ a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect. The attorney may present （32）__________ as well as witnesses. The judge then decides whether there is enough reason to （33）__________.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is （34）__________ to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the （35）__________ of the American government.Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice ___36___ away. However, we have already reached temperatures that are in ___37___ with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are ___38___ to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures ___39___ between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years. The warming will be more ___40___ in some areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the ___41___ of this warming will be very different depending on where you are—coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable （宜居的）and ___42___ for humans than these areas are now.The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on ___43___, everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. Some scientists ___44___ that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random （无规律的）variation—some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years ___45___—but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.A）appealing I）meltedB）average J）persistC）contributing K）rangingD）dramatic L）recentlyE）frequently M）resolvedF）impact N）sensibleG）line O）shockH）maintainSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The End of the Book?A） Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in this country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.B） Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.C） Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, “romance fiction,”etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for “serious”nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.D） As for children’s books, who knows? Children’s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market （and the marketing）is inherently strange. E）For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.F）One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.G） But while printing quickly caused the handwritten book to die out, hand writing lingered on （继续存在）well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.H） Sometimes a new technology doesn’t drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.I）Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.J）Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows （”Jack Benny,”“Amos and Andy,”“The Shadow”）all migrated to television. But because you can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio’s prime time, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.K） Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry （骑兵）replaced the chariot （二轮战车）on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized “an officer and a gentleman.”L）Sometimes new technology is a little cranky （不稳定的）at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed. But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough （and engines small enough）to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. （The high cost of steamand the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.）M）Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper- and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of fire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food （which is much easier to eat and digest）. Human control of fire goes back far enough （over a million years）that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.N） Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile （触觉的）pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter’s night.O） For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful backup for when the lights go out.46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn’t an either/or proposition（命题）, although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM （science, technology, engineering, maths）-related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities （人文学科）and social sciences must remain centralcomponents of America’s educational system at all levels. Both areas are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative （创新的）leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it’s natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical”way out of the problem: “Major in a subject designed to get you a job”seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft”often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there’s little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.56. What does the latest congressional report suggest?A）STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B）The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C）The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students’ spiritual life.D）Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.57. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A）Their interest in relevant subjects. C）The quality of education to receive.B）The academic value of the courses. D）Their chances of getting a good job.58. What does the author say about the so-called soft subjects?A）They benefit students in their future life.B）They broaden students’ range of interests.C）They improve students’ communication skills.D）They are essential to students’ healthy growth.59. What kind of job applicants do employers look for?A）Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.B）Those who are good at solving practical problems.C）Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.D）Those who have received a well-rounded education.60. What advice does the author give to college students?A）Seize opportunities to tap their potential.B）Try to take a variety of practical courses.C）Prepare themselves for different job options.D）Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it, doesn’t it? If you think so, you’re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American presidents for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.“Energy independence”and its rhetorical （修辞的）companion “energy security”are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely thought through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that oil from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle （涓涓细流）of biofuel（生物燃料）available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don’t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices. At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.61. What does the author say about energy independence for America?A）It sounds very attractive. C）It will bring oil prices down.B）It ensures national security. D）It has long been everyone’s dream.62. What does the author think of biofuels?A）They keep America’s economy running healthily.B）They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.C）They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.D）They cause serious damage to the environment.63. Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?A）It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.B）Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.C）It wants to keep its own environment intact.D）Its own oil production falls short of demand.64. What does the author say about oil trade?A）It proves profitable to both sides.B）It improves economic efficiency.C）It makes for economic prosperity.D）It saves the cost of oil exploration.65. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A）To justify America’s dependence on oil imports.B）To arouse Americans’ awareness of the energy crisis.C）To stress the importance of energy conservation.D）To explain the increase of international oil trade.Part IV Translation （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。
2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题及答案（第一套）
2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题一Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then discuss what qualities an employer should look for in job applicant. You should give sound arguments to support your views and write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section A1. A) In a parking lot.B) At a grocery.C) At a fast food restaurant.D) In a car showroom.2. A) Change her position now and then.B) Stretch her legs before standing up.C) Have a little nap after lunch.D) Get up and take a short walk.3. A) The students should practice long-distance running.B) The students’ physical condition is not desirable.C) He doesn’t quite believe what the woman says.D) He thinks the race is too hard for the students.4. A) They will get their degrees in two years.B) They are both pursuing graduate studies.C) They cannot afford to get married right now.D) They do not want to have a baby at present.5. A) He must have been mistaken for Jack.B) Twins usually have a lot in common.C) Jack is certainly not as healthy as he is.D) He has not seen Jack for quite a few days.6. A) The woman will attend the opening of the museum.B) The woman is asking the way at the crossroads.C) The man knows where the museum is located.D) The man will take the woman to the museum.7. A) They cannot ask the guy to leave. B) The guy has been coming in for years.C) The guy must be feeling extremely lonely. D) They should not look down upon the guy.8. A) Collect timepieces. B) Become time-conscious.C) Learn to mend clocks. D) Keep track of his daily activities.9. A) It is eating into its banks. B) It winds its way to the sea.C) It is wide and deep. D) It is quickly rising.10. A) Try to speed up the operation by any means.B) Take the equipment apart before being ferried.C) Reduce the transport cost as much as possible.D) Get the trucks over to the other side of the river.11. A) Find as many boats as possible.B) Cut trees and build rowing boats.C) Halt the operation until further orders.D) Ask the commander to send a helicopter12. A) Talk about his climbing experiences. B) Help him join an Indian expedition.C) Give up mountain climbing altogether. D) Save money to buy climbing equipment.13. A) He was the first to conquer Mt. Qomolangma.B) He had an unusual religious background.C) He climbed mountains to earn a living.D) He was very strict with his children.14. A) They are to be conquered. B) They are to be protected.C) They are sacred places. D) They are like humans.15. A) It was his father’s training that pulled him through.B) It was a milestone in his mountain climbing career.C) It helped him understand the Sherpa view of mountains.D) It was his father who gave him the strength to succeed.Section BPassage One16. A) By showing a memorandum’s structure. B) By analyzing the organization of a letter.C) By comparing memorandums with letters. D) By reviewing what he has said previously.17. A) They ignored many of the memorandums they received.B) They placed emphasis on the format of memorandums.C) They seldom read a memorandum through to the end.D) They spent a lot of time writing memorandums.18. A) Style and wording. B) Directness and clarity.C) Structure and length. D) Simplicity and accuracy.19. A) Inclusion of appropriate humor. B) Direct statement of purpose.C) Professional look. D) Accurate dating.Passage Two20. A) They give top priority to their work efficiency.B) They make an effort to lighten their workload.C) They try hard to make the best use of their time.D) They never change work habits unless forced to.21. A) Sense of duty. B) Self-confidence.C) Work efficiency. D) Passion for work.22. A) They find no pleasure in the work they do. B) They try to avoid work whenever possible.C) They are addicted to playing online games. D) They simply have no sense of responsibility.Passage Three23. A) He lost all his property. B) He was sold to a circus.C) He ran away from his family. D) He was forced into slavery.24. A) A carpenter. B) A master of his.C) A businessman. D) A black drummer.25. A) It named its town hall after Solomon Northup. B) It freed all blacks in the town from slavery.C) It declared July 24 Solomon Northup Day. D) It hosted a reunion for the Northup family.Section CIntolerance is the art of ignoring any views that differ from your own. It (26) ________ itself in hatred, stereotypes, prejudice, and (27)________ . Once it intensifies in people, intolerance is nearly impossible to overcome. But why would anyone want to be labeled intolerant? Why would people want to be (28) ________ about the world around them? Why would one want be part of the problem in America, instead of the solution?There are many explanations for intolerant attitudes, some (29) ________ childhood. Itis likely that intolerant forks grew up (30) ________ intolerant parents and the cycle of prejudice has simply continued for (31) ________ . Perhaps intolerant people are so set in their ways that they find it easier to ignore anything that might not (32) ________ their limited view of life. Or maybe intolerant students have simply never been (33)________ to anyone different from themselves. But none of these reasons is an excuse for allowing the intolerance to continue.Intolerance should not be confused with disagreement. It is, of course, possible to disagree with an opinion without being intolerant of it. If you understand a belief butstill don’t believe in that specific belief, that’s fine. You are (34) ________ your opinion. As a matter of fact, (35) ________ dissenters（持异议者）are important for any belief. If we all believed the same things, we would never grow, and we would never learn about the world around us. Intolerance does not stem from disagreement. It stems from fear. And fear stems from ignorance.Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section AIt was 10 years ago, on a warm July night, that a newborn lamb took her first breath in a small shed in Scotland. From the outside, she looked no different from thousands of other sheep born on 36 farms. But Dolly, as the world soon came to realize, was no 37 lamb. She was cloned from a single cell of an adult female sheep, 38 long-held scientific dogma that had declared such a thing biologically impossible.A decade later, scientists are starting to come to grips with just how different Dolly was. Dozens of animals have been cloned since that first lamb—mice, cats, cows and, most recently, a dog—and it’s becoming 39 clear that they are all, in one way or another, defective.It’s 40 to think of clones as perfect carbon copies of the original. It turns out, though, that there are various degrees of genetic 41. That may come as a shock to people who have paid thousands of dollars to clone a pet cat only to discover that the baby cat looks and behaves 42 like their beloved pet—with a different- color coat of fur, perhaps, or a 43 different attitude toward its human hosts.And these are just the obvious differences. Not only are clones 44 from the original template（模板）by time, but they are also the product of an unnatural molecular mechanism that turns out not to be very good at making 45 copies. In fact, the process can embed small flaws in the genes of clones that scientists are only now discovering.A) abstractB) completelyC) desertedD) duplicationE) everythingF) identicalG) increasinglyH) miniatureI) nothingJ) ordinaryK) overturningL) separatedM) surroundingN) systematicallyO) tempting参考答案： 36-M-surrounding 37-J-ordinary 38-K-overturning 39-G-increasingly 40-O-tempting 41-D-duplication 42-I-nothing 43-B-completely 44-L-separated 45-F-identica lSection BShould Single-Sex Education Be Eliminated?[A] Why is a neuroscientist here debating single-sex schooling? Honestly, I had no fixed ideas on the topic when I started researching it for my book, Pink Brain, Blue Brain. Butany discussion of gender differences in children inevitably leads to this debate, so I felt compelled to dive into the research data on single-sex schooling. I read every study I could, weighed the existing evidence, and ultimately concluded that single-¬sex education is notthe answer to gender gaps in achievement—or the best way forward for today’s young people. After my book was published, I met several developmental and cognitive psychologists whose work was addressing gender and education from different angles, and we published a peer-reviewed Education Forum piece in Science magazine with the provocative title, “The Pseudoscience of Single-Sex Education.”[B] We showed that three lines of research used to justify single-sex schooling—educational, neuroscience, and social psychology—all fail to support its alleged benefits, and so the widely-held view that gender separation is somehow better for boys, girls, orboth is nothing more than a myth.The Research on Academic Outcomes[C] First, we reviewed the extensive educational research that has compared academic outcomes in students attending single-sex versus coeducational schools. The overwhelming conclusion when you put this enormous literature together is that there is no clear academic advantage of sitting in all-female or all-male classes, in spite of much popular belief to the contrary. I base this conclusion not on any individual study, but on large- scale and systematic reviews of thousands of studies conducted in every major English-speaking country.[D] Of course, there’re many excellent single-sex schools out there, but as these careful research reviews have demonstrated, it’s not their single-sex composition that makes them excellent. It’s all the other advantages that are typically packed into such schools, such as financial resources, quality of the faculty, and pro-¬academic culture, along with the family background and pre-selected ability of the students themselves that determine their outcomes.[E] A case in point is the study by Linda Sax at UCLA, who used data from a large national survey of college freshmen to evaluate the effect of single-sex versuscoeducational high schools. Commissioned by the National Coalition of Girls’ Schools, the raw findings look pretty good for the funders—higher SAT scores and a stronger academic orientation among women who had attended all girls' high schools (men weren’t studied). However, once the researchers controlled for both student and school attributes—measuressuch as family income, parents’ education, and school resources—most of these effects were erased or diminished.[F] When it comes to boys in particular, the data show that single-sex education is distinctly unhelpful for them. Among the minority of studies that have reported advantagesof single-sex schooling, virtually all of them were studies of girls. There’re no rigorous studies in the United States that find single-sex schooling is better for boys, and in fact, a separate line of research by economists has shown both boys and girls exhibit greater cognitive growth over the school year based on the “dose” of girls in a classroom. In fact, boys benefit even more than girls from having larger numbers of female classmates. Sosingle-sex schooling is really not the answer to the current “boy crisis” in education.Brain and Cognitive Development[G] The second line of research often used to justify single-sex education falls squarely within my area of expertise: brain and cognitive development. It's been more than a decade now since the “brain sex movement” began infiltrating（渗入）our schools, and there are literally hundreds of schools caught up in the fad（新潮）. Public schools in Wisconsin, Indiana, Florida and many other states now proudly declare on their websites that they separate boys and girls because “research solidly indicates that boys and girls learn differently,” due to “hard-wired” differences in their brains, eyes, ears, autonomic nervous systems, and more.[H] All of these statements can be traced to just a few would-be neuroscientists, especially physician Leonard Sax and therapist Michael Gurian. Each gives lectures, runs conferences, and does a lot of professional development on so-called “gender-specific learning.” I analyzed their various claims about sex differences in hearing, vision, language, math, stress responses, and “learning styles” in my book and a long peer-reviewed paper. Other neuroscientists and psychologists have similarly exposed their work.In short, the mechanisms by which our brains learn language, math, physics, and every other subject don’t differ between boys and girls. Of course, learning does vary a lot between individual students, but research reliably shows that this variance is far greater within populations of boys or girls than between the two sexes.[I] The equal protection clause of the U.S. Constitution prohibits separation of students by sex in public education that’s based on precisely this kind of “overbroad generalizations about the different talents, capacities, or preferences of males and females.” And the reason it is prohibited is because it leads far too easily tostereotyping and sex discrimination.Social Developmental Psychology[J] That brings me to the third area of research which fails to support single-sex schooling and indeed suggests the practice is actually harmful: social-developmental psychology.[K] It’s a well-proven finding in social psychology that segregation promotes stereotyping and prejudice, whereas intergroup contact reduces them—and the results are the same whether you divide groups by race, age, gender, body mass index, sexual orientation, or any other category. What’s more, children are especially vulnerable to this kind of bias, because they are dependent on adults for learning which social categories are important and why we divide people into different groups.[L] You don’t have to look far to find evidence of stereotyping and sex discrimination in single-sex schools. There was the failed single-sex experiment in California, where six school districts used generous state grants to set up separate boys' and girls' academies in the late 1990s. Once boys and girls were segregated, teachers resorted to traditional gender stereotypes to run their classes, and within just three years, five of the six districts had gone back to coeducation.[M] At the same time, researchers are increasingly discovering benefits of gender interaction in youth. A large British study found that children with other-sex oldersiblings（兄弟姐妹）exhibit less stereotypical play than children with same-sex older siblings, such as girls who like sports and building toys and boys who like art and dramatic play. Another study of high school social networks found less bullying and aggression the higher the density of mixed-sex friendships within a given adolescent network. Then there is the finding we cited in our Science paper of higher divorce and depression rates among a large group of British men who attended single-sex schools as teenagers, which might be explained by the lack of opportunity to learn about relationships during their formative years.[N] Whether in nursery school, high school, or the business world, gender segregation narrows our perceptions of each other, facilitating stereotyping and sexist attitudes. It’s very simple: the more we structure children and adolescents’ environment around gender distinctions and separation, the more they will use these categories as the primary basisfor understanding themselves and others.[O] Gender is an important issue in education. There are gaps in reading, writing, and science achievement that should be narrower. There are gaps in career choice that should be narrower—if we really want to maximize human potential and American economic growth. But stereotyping boys and girls and separating them in the name of fictitious（虚构的）brain differences is never going to close these gaps.46. Hundreds of schools separate boys from girls in class on the alleged brain and cognitive differences.47. A review of extensive educational research shows no obvious academic advantage of single-sex schooling.48. The author did not have any fixed ideas on single-sex education when she began her research on the subject.49. Research found men who attended single-sex schools in their teens were more likely to suffer from depression.50. Studies in social psychology have shown segregation in school education has a negative impact on children.51. Reviews of research indicate there are more differences in brain and cognitive development within the same sex than between different sexes.52. The findings of the national survey of college freshmen about the impact of single-sex schooling fail to take into account student and school attributes.53. It wasn’t long before most of the school districts that experimented with single-sex education abandoned the practice.54. Boys from coeducational classes demonstrate greater cognitive abilities according to the economists' research.55. As careful research reviews show, academic excellence in some single-sex schools is attributed to other factors than single-sex education.参考答案：GCAMK HELFDSection CPassage OneInternational governments' inaction concerning sustainable development is clearly worrying but the proactive（主动出击的）approaches of some leading-edge companies are encouraging. Toyota, Wal-Mart, DuPont, M&S and General Electric have made tackling environmental wastes a key economic driver.DuPont committed itself to a 65% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the 10 years prior to 2010. By 2007, DuPont was saving $2.2 billion a year through energy efficiency, the same as its total declared profits that year. General Electric aims to reduce the energyintensity of its operations by 50% by 2015. They have invested heavily in projects designedto change the way of using and conserving energy.Companies like Toyota and Wal-Mart are not committing to environmental goals out of the goodness of their hearts. The reason for their actions is a simple yet powerful realisation that the environmental and economic footprints fit well together. When M&S launched its “Plan A” sustainability programme in 2007, it was believed that it would cost over £200 million in the first five years. However, the initiative had generated £105 million by2011/12.When we prevent physical waste, increase energy efficiency or improve resource productivity, we save money, improve profitability and enhance competitiveness. In fact,there are often huge “quick win” opportunities, thanks to years of neglect.However, there is a considerable gap between leading-edge companies and the rest of the pack. There are far too many companies still delaying creating a lean and green business system, arguing that it will cost money or require sizable capital investments. They remain stuck in the “environment is cost” mentality. Being environmentally friendly does not have to cost money. In fact, going beyond compliance saves cost at the same time that itgenerates cash, provided that management adopts the new lean and green model.Lean means doing more with less. Nonetheless, in most companies, economic and environmental continuous improvement is viewed as being in conflict with each other. This is one of the biggest opportunities missed across most industries. The size of the opportunityis enormous. The 3% Report recently published by World Wildlife Fund and CDP shows that the economic prize for curbing carbon emissions in the US economy is $780 billion between nowand 2020. It suggests that one of the biggest levers for delivering this opportunity is “increased efficiency through management and behavioural change”—in other words, lean and green management.Some 50 studies show that companies that commit to such aspirational goals as zero waste, zero harmful emissions, and zero use of non-renewable resources are financiallyoutperforming their competitors. Conversely, it was found that climate disruption is already costing $1.2 trillion annually, cutting global GDP by 1.6%. Unaddressed, this will double by 2030.56. What does the author say about some leading-edge companies?A) They operate in accordance with government policies.B) They take initiatives in handling environmental wastes.C) They are key drivers in their nations，economic growth.D) They are major contributors to environmental problems.57. What motivates Toyota and Wal-Mart to make commitments to environmental protection?A) The goodness of their hearts. B) A strong sense of responsibility.C) The desire to generate profits. D) Pressure from environmentalists.58. Why are so many companies reluctant to create an environment-friendly business system?A) They are bent on making quick money. B) They do not have the capital for the investment.C) They believe building such a system is too costly. D) They lack the incentive to change business practices.59. What is said about the lean and green model of business?A) It helps businesses to save and gain at the same time.B) It is affordable only for a few leading-edge companies.C) It is likely to start a new round of intense competition.D) It will take a long time for all companies to embrace it.60. What is the finding of the studies about companies committed to environmental goals?A) They have greatly enhanced their sense of social responsibility.B) They do much better than their counterparts in terms of revenues.C) They have abandoned all the outdated equipment and technology.D) They make greater contributions to human progress than their rivals.Passage TwoIf you asked me to describe the rising philosophy of the day, I'd say it is data-ism. We now have the ability to gather huge amounts of data. This ability seems to carry with it certain cultural assumptions—that everything that can be measured should be measured; that data is a transparent and reliable lens that allows us to filter out emotionalism and ideology; that data will help us do remarkable things—like foretell the fixture.Over the next year, I’m hoping to get a better grip on some of the questions raised by the data revolution: In what situations should we rely on intuitive pattern recognition and in which situations should we ignore intuition and follow the data? What kinds of events are predictable using statistical analysis and what sorts of events are not?I confess I enter this in a skeptical frame of mind, believing that we tend to get carried away in our desire to reduce everything to the quantifiable. But at the outset let me celebrate two things data does really well.First, it's really good at exposing when our intuitive view of reality is wrong. For example, nearly every person who runs for political office has an intuitive sense that they can powerfully influence their odds of winning the election if they can just raise and spend more money. But this is largely wrong.After the 2006 election, Sean Trende constructed a graph comparing the incumbent（在任者的）campaign spending advantages with their eventual margins of victory. There was barely any relationship between more spending and a bigger victory.Likewise, many teachers have an intuitive sense that different students have different learning styles: some are verbal and some are visual; some are linear, some are holistic（整体的）.Teachers imagine they will improve outcomes if they tailor their presentations to each student. But there’s no evidence to support this either.Second, data can illuminate patterns of behavior we haven’t yet noticed. For example,I've always assumed people who frequently use words like “I,” “me,” and “mine” are probably more self-centered than people who don't. But as James Pennebaker of the University of Texas notes in his book, The Secret Life of Pronouns, when people are feeling confident, they are focused on the task at hand, not on themselves. High-status, confident people use fewer “I” words, not more.Our brains often don’t notice subtle verbal patterns, but Pennebaker’s computers can. Younger writers use more negative and past-tense words than older writers who use more positive and future-tense words.In sum, the data revolution is giving us wonderful ways to understand the present and the past. Will it transform our ability to predict and make decisions about the future?We’ll see.61. What do data-ists assume they can do?A) Transform people’s cultural identity. B) Change the way future events unfold.C) Get a firm grip on the most important issues. D) Eliminate emotional and ideological bias.62. What do people running for political office think they can do?A) Use data analysis to predict the election result. B) Win the election if they can raise enough funds.C) Manipulate public opinion with favorable data. D) Increase the chances of winning by foul means.63. Why do many teachers favor the idea of tailoring their presentations to different students?A) They think students prefer flexible teaching methods.B) They will be able to try different approaches.C) They believe students，learning styles vary.D) They can accommodate students with special needs.64. What does James Pennebaker reveal in The Secret Life of Pronouns?A) The importance of using pronouns properly.B ) Repeated use of first-person pronouns by self-centered people.C) Frequent use of pronouns and future tense by young people.D) A pattern in confident people’s use of pronouns.65. Why is the author skeptical of the data revolution?A) Data may not be easily accessible. B) Errors may occur with large data samples.C) Data cannot always do what we imagine it can. D) Some data may turn out to be outdated.参考答案：56. D）They are major contributors to environmental problems. 57. C）The desire to generate profits. 58. C）They believe building such a system is too costly. 59. A）It helps businesses to save and gain at the same time. 60. B）They do much better than their counterparts in terms of revenues. 61. D）Eliminate emotional and ideological bias. 62. B）Win the election if they can raise enough funds. 63. C） They believe students’ learning styles vary. 64. D）A pattern in confident people’s use of pronouns. 65. C）Data cannot always do what we imagine it can.Translation (30 minutes)中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。
大学英语4(大学英语2)作业
大学英语4课程作业课程名称：大学英语4教学目标：系统补习英语基础知识、快速提高英语读写能力、全面掌握各项英语技能、丰富欧美文化知识电子教材：平台教材课程自学要求及作业：Unit 1 Marriage本章学习重点：Intensive reading:Text A Their Marriage was not Fair Tale作业题：1、Reading aloud Text A2、课后练习：Text ComprehensionReading for Main Idea1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words according to the text. Vocabulary1. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Changethe form where necessaryComprehensive Exercises 2.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.Unit 2 Career本章自学重点：Text A “Apprentice”-Land a Job You Want作业题：课后练习1、Reading for Detailed InformationAnswer the following questions according to the text.2、Language FocusVocabulary1. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary3、Comprehensive Exercises 2. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.Unit 3 Hi-Tech本章自学重点：Text A How Cloning “Stacks Up作业题：课后练习1. Reading for Detailed InformationAnswer the following questions according to the text.2. Language FocusVocabulary1.Fill in the blanks with some of the words or phrases givenbelow. Change the form where necessary.prehensive Exercises 2. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.Unit 4 Stress本章自学重点： Text ASilent Suffering作业题：课后练习1. Reading for Detailed InformationAnswer the following questions according to the text.2. Language FocusVocabulary1.Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Changethe form where necessary.prehensive Exercises 2. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.Unit 5 Creativity本章自学重点： Reading Text A Unleashing the Power of CreativityWillingness作业题：课后练习1. Reading for Detailed InformationAnswer the following questions according to the text.2. Language FocusVocabulary1.Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Changethe form where necessary.prehensive Exercises 2. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.Unit 6 Business本章自学重点： Text A The Coming Home Business Boom作业题：课后练习1. Reading for Detailed InformationAnswer the following questions according to the text.2. Language FocusVocabulary1.Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below.Change the form where necessary.prehensive Exercises 2. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.Unit 7 Public Speaking本章自学重点： Text A How I Found My Voice作业题：课后练习1. Reading for Detailed InformationAnswer the following questions according to the text.2. Language FocusVocabulary1.Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below.Change the form where necessary.prehensive Exercises 2. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.Unit 8 Man and Nature本章自学重点： Text A Man in the Realm of Nature作业题：课后练习1. Reading for Detailed InformationAnswer the following questions according to the text.2. Language FocusVocabulary1.Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below.Change the form where necessary.prehensive Exercises 2. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.。
2014年12月大学英语四级(第一套)听力题目+录音稿+答案
2014年12月四级（第一套）听力题目+录音稿+答案Question 1A. The man is not good at balancing his budget.B. She will go purchase the gift herself.C. The gift should not be too expensive.D. They are gonging to Jane's house-warming party. Question 2A .He is quite willing to give the woman a hand.B. It takes patience to go through the statistics.C. He has prepared the statistics for the woman.D. The woman should take a course in statistics.Question 3A. Page 55 is missing from the woman's scripts.B. They cannot begin their recording right away.C. The woman does not take the recording seriously.D. The man wants to make some changes in the scripts.Question 4A. The date of Carl's wedding.B. The birthday of Carl's bride.C. A significant event in July.D. Preparation for a wedding.Question 5A. The woman forgot to tell the man in advance.B. The man was absent from the weekly meeting.C. The woman was annoyed at the man's excuse.D.T he man was in charge of scheduling meetings.Question 6A. The woman is a marvelous cook.B. The woman has just bought an oven.C. The man has to leave in half an hour.D. The man cannot want for his meal.Question 7A. How she can best help the man.B. Where the man got the bad news.C. What items sell well in the store.D. Whether the man can keep his job.Question 8A. The woman can sign up for a swimming class.B. He works in the physical education department.C. The woman has the potential to swim like a fish.D. He would like to teach the woman how to swim.听力文字稿1. M: Take a look at this catalogue. Maybe we can find some gifts for Jane’s new house.W: OK. But remember, we can’t afford a lot.Q: What does the woman mean?2. W: I'm getting absolutely nowhere with these statistics.M: How about my going through them with you?Q: What does the man mean?3. M: We're ready to start the recording, aren’t we? Let’s begin on Page 55.W: Sorry. I'm afraid I can’t begin right now. I forgot to bring my scripts.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?4. W: Remember. Carl’s wedding is on June 26.M: Oh, thanks for reminding me. I thought it wasn’t to be until sometime in July.Q: What are the speakers talking about?5. M：Please excuse me for not attending the meeting yesterday. I'm afraid I forgot to check my schedule.W: That’s all right. We had to hold the weekly meeting as scheduled. And everything went well. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?6. W: I’ve just put our lunch in the oven and it won’t be ready for at least half an hour.M: Mmm, it smells marvelous, but what can I have right now?Q: What do we learn from the conversation?7. M: I got some bad news today. The store where I work is laying off staff.W: Are they going to let you go?Q: What does the woman want to know?8. W: John, you swim like a fish. I wish I knew how to swim.M: Why not sign up for the lessons offered by the physical education department?Q: What does the man mean?Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heardQuestion 9A. He teaches in a law school.B. He loves classical music.C. He is a diplomat.D. He is a wonderful lecturer.Question 10A. Went to see a play.B. Watched a soccer game.C. Took some photos.D. Attended a dance.Question 11A. She decided to get married in three years.B. Her mother objected to Eric’s flying lessons.C. She insisted that Eric pursue graduate studies.D. Her father said she could marry Eric right away.Conversation OneW: Hi, Eric. How was your weekend?M: Great! I met Maria’s parents. And we told them we want to be engaged.W: Eric, that’s wonderful. Congratulations!M: Thanks, Alice. I really like her parents too. They're very nice. Mrs. Carmona speaks four languages, and Mr. Carmona is a diplomat. In fact, he gave a speech at the law school on Saturday morning.W: Oh, that was Maria’s father? I heard his speech.M: You did?W: Well, I heard part of it. I listened to it for ten minutes and then I fell asleep. I thought I was in class. Anyway, tell me about your weekend.M: Saturday evening we saw a play. And Sunday afternoon, we watched a soccer game. Then Sunday night we all went out for dinner, Maria, her parents and me. That was the first chance we had to talk.W: Were you nervous?M: At first I was. We didn’t say much. Mr. Carmona told us some good stories about his experiences as a diplomat. And he asked me about my hobbies.W: And what did you say?M: Well, I didn’t tell him about my flying lessons. I told him about my chess playing and my classical music collection.W: Good idea. Her parents really approve of you, don’t they?M: I guess so. Maria called this morning and said: “My father told me he’d like you for a son-in-law right now.”W: That’s great.M: Not exactly. I want to get married after graduate school in about three years.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. What does Eric say about Maria’s father?10. What did Eric and Maria do last Sunday afternoon?11. What do we learn from Maria’s phone call this morning?Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 12A.Editor.B. Teacher.C. JournalistD. Typist.Question 13A. The beautiful Amazon rainforests.B. A new railway under construction.C. Big changes in the Amazon valley.D. Some newly discovered scenic spot.Question 14A. In news weeklies.B. In newspapers' Sunday editions.C. In a local evening paper.D. In overseas editions of U.S. magazines.Question 15A. To be employed by a newspaper.B. To become a professional writer.C. To sell her articles to a news service.D. To get her life story published soon.Conversation TwoM: You're going to wear out the computer’s keyboard.W: Oh. Hi.M: Do you have any idea what time it is?W: About 10:00 or 10:30?M: It’s nearly midnight.W: Really? I didn’t know it was so late.M: Don’t you have an early class to teach tomorrow morning?W: Yes, at 7:00. My commuter class—the students who go to work right after their lesson.M: Then you ought to go to bed.What are you writing anyway?W: An article I hope I can sell.M: Oh, another of your newspaper pieces. What’s this one about?W: Do you remember that trip I took last month?M: The one up to the Amazon?W: Well, that’s what I’m writing about. The new highway and the changes it’s making in the Amazon valley.M: It should be interesting.W: It is. I guess that’s why I forgot all about the time.M: How many articles have you sold now?W: About a dozen so far.M: What kind of newspapers buy them?W: The papers that carry a lot of foreign news. They usually appear in the big Sunday editions where they need a lot of background stories to help fill up the space between the ads.M: Is there any future in it?W: I hope so. There's a chance I may sell this article to a news service.M: Then your story would be published in several papers, wouldn't it?W: That’s the idea. And it might even be able to do other stories on a regula r basis.M: That would be great.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. What is the woman’s occupation?13. What is the woman writing about?14. Where did the woman’s articles usually appear?15. What does the woman expect?Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 16A. Nodding one's head.B. Waving one's hand.C. Holding up the forefinger.D. Turning the right thumb down.Question 17A. Looking away from them.B. Forming a circle with fingers.C. Bowing one's head them.D. Waving or pointing to them.Question 18A. Looking one's superior in the eye.B. Keeping one's arms folded while talking.C. Showing the sole of one's foot to a guest.D. Using a lot of gestures during a conversation.Passage OneBody language, especially gestures, varies among cultures. For example, a nod of the head means “yes” to most of us. But in Bulgaria and Greece a nod means “no” and a shake of the head means “yes”. Likewise, a sign for OK, forming a circle with our forefinger and thumb, means zero in France and money in Japan. Waving or pointing to an Arab business person would be considered rude because that is how Arabs call their dogs over. Folded arms signal pride in Finland, but disrespect in Fiji. The number of bows that the Japanese exchange on greeting each other, as well as the length and the depth of the bows, signals the social status each party feels towards the other. Italians might think you’re bor ed unless you use a lot of gestures during discussions. Many American men sit with their legs crossed with one ankle resting over the opposite knee. However, this would be considered an insult in Muslim countries, where one would never show the sole of the foot to a guest. Likewise, Americans consider eye contact very important, often not trusting someone who is afraid to look you in the eye. But in Japan and many Latin American countries, keeping the eyes lowered is a sign of respect. To look a partner full in the eye is considered a sign of ill breeding and is felt to be annoying.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What gesture do Bulgarians and Greeks use to express negative responses?17. What is likely to offend Arab business people?18. What is considered to be impolite in Muslim countries?Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 19A. They had to beg for foot after the harvest.B. They grew wheat and corn on a small farm.C. They shared a small flat with their relatives.D. The children walked to school on dirt roads.Question 20A. Tour Ecuador's Andes Mountains.B. Earn an annual income of $2800.C. Purchase a plot to build a home on.D. Send their children to school.Question 21A. The achievements of the Trickle Up Program.B. A new worldwide economic revolution.C. Different forms of assistance to the needy.D. The life of poor people in developing countries.Passage TwoThree years ago, Puncha Maya, her husband and five children lived in a shaky flat in Southern Nepal. Every morning, the parents walked the dirt roads seeking work in the rice fields. After the harvest, the family went begging for food. Today, the Mayas own a small paper-bag making company. With the money they've earned, the Mayas have purchased a small plot, on which they grow vegetables and raise goats for additional income. In fact, the family has saved $68. This is remarkable in a country with an average annual income of $160. Grace Mbakwa, her husband and eight children once lived hand-to-mouth in Cameroon. Today, the Mbakwas run a clothing manufacturing business and own a home. They are able to send their children to school, at a costly annual sum of $2 800.The idea of starting her own business seemed impossible to Pilar Moya, a poor woman from Atahualpa high in Ecuador's Andes Mountains. Today, however, she is one of the proud owners of a bakery specializing in sweet cakes. These businesses are part of economic revolution sweeping the developing world. The sponsor is the Trickle Up Program—a non-profit organization founded by New Yorkers Glen and Mildred Leet. This organization offers people like the Mayas, the Mbakwas and Moyas modest $100 grants. Since 1979, the program has helped over 130,000 of the world’s neediest people in 90 countries win small life-saving victories over poverty. And it has turned conventional thinking about foreign aid on its head.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What do we learn about Puncha Maya’s family of three years ago?20. What are the Mbakwas able to do now?21. What does the speaker mainly talk about?Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 22A. They are highly sensitive to cold.B. They are vitally important to our life.C. They are a living part of our body.D. They are a chief source of our pain.Question 23A. It has to be removed in time by a dentist.B. It is a rare oral disease among old people.C. It contains many nerves and blood vessels.D. It is sticky and colorless film on the teeth.Question 24A. It can change into acids causing damage to their outer covering.B. It greatly reduces their resistance to the attacks of bacteria.C. It makes their nerves and blood vessels more sensitive to acid food.D. It combines with food particles to form a film on their surface.Question 25A. Food particles.B. Gum disease.C. Unhealthy living habits.D. Chemical erosion.Passage ThreeTake care of your teeth and your teeth will take care of you. Your teeth are a living part of your body. They have nerves and blood vessels. Diseased teeth can cause pain, die and fall out. Plaque is the main enemy of healthy teeth. Everyone has plaque. It is a sticky colorless film that coats the teeth. Plaque is always forming on the teeth, especially at the gum line. If plaque is not removed, it builds up and gets under the gum line. Plaque that is left on the teeth for some time hardens; the result is tooth decay and gum disease. The bacteria in plaque live on sugar. They change sugar into acids, which break down the tooth's harder outer covering. If left untreated, decay goes deeper and deeper into the tooth. After a while, the decay reaches the nerves and blood vessels of the inner tooth. By the time this happens, the tooth has probably started to ache. In addition to tooth decay, there are also gum diseases to watch out for. The bacteria in plaque make poisons that attack the gums. Small pockets form around the teeth. The pockets trap more bacteria and food particles. Finally, the bone supporting the teeth is attacked and starts to shrink. Teeth become loose and may fall out. Adults lose most teeth this way. Keep your mouth healthy.When you brush your teeth, do a good job.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What does the speaker say about our teeth?23. What does the speaker say about plaque?24. Why is sugar harmful to teeth?25. What causes adults to lose most of their teeth according to the speaker?复合式听写Stunt people(替身演员) are not movie stars, but they are the hidden heroes of many movies.They were around long before films. Even Shakespeare may have used them in fight scenes. To be good, a fight scene has to look real. Punches must (26)______ enemies' jaws. Sword fights must be fought with(27)______ swords. Several actors are usually in a fight scene. Their moves must be set up so that no one gets hurt. It is almost like planning a dance performance.If a movie scene is dangerous, stun people usually(28)______the stars. You may think you see Tom Cruise running along the top of a train. But it is(29)______ his stunt double. Stunt people must(30)______ the stars they stand in for. Their height and build should be about the same. But when close-ups are needed, the film(31)______ the star.Some stunt people(32)______ in certain kinds of scenes. For instance, a stunt woman named Jan Davis does all kinds of jumps. She has leapt from planes and even off the top of a waterfall. Each jump required careful planning and expert(33)______.Yakima Canutt was a famous cowboy stunt man. Among other stunts, he could jump from a second story window onto a horse's back. He(34)______ the famous trick of sliding under a moving stagecoach. Canutt also(35)______ a new way to make a punch look real. He was the only stunt man ever to get an Oscar.答案：Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A1.D2.B3.C4.B5.C6.A7.A8.B9.D 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.DSection B16.C 17.A 18.D 19.B 20.A 21.B 22.D 23.A 24.B 25.CSection Cnd on 27.sharp 28.fill in for 29.probably 30.resemble 31.focuses on 32.specialize 33.timing 34.invented 35.figured out。
全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试行政管理学试题
绝密★考试结束前全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试行政管理学试题课程代码：00277请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
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1．为传统行政组织理论奠定基础的是A．科学管理理论 B.管理过程理论C．有限理性决策理论 D.官僚制理论2．下列属于行政管理主体的是A．检察院 B.法院C．村委会 D.交通局3．科学管理理论的提出者是A．韦伯 B.泰罗C．法约尔 D.威尔逊4．系统地运用生态学理论和方法分析社会环境因素与公共行政之间相互影响的学者是A．雷格斯 B.高斯C．西蒙 D.古利克5．从根本上制约着行政系统的规模、体制结构与运行方式等基本结构因素的是A．科技发展水平 B.经济体制C．社会经济结构 D.经济力量6．行政权力合法性的基础是A．行政权力的执行性 B.行政权力的公共性C．行政权力的有限性 D.行政权力的强制性7．下列属于单一制的国家是A．美国 B.德国C．英国 D.印度8．行政管理活动的实质和核心是A．行政决策 B.行政绩效C．行政职能 D.行政方法9．以“经济人”假设为理论基础，提出“自私的动机、私有的企业、竞争的市场”的自由经济制度三要素的经济学家是A．亚当•斯密 B.凯恩斯C．西蒙 D.威廉•配第10．我国最高行政管理机构是A．中共中央委员会 B.全国人民代表大会C．国务院 D.最高人民法院11．下列属于信息机构的是A．审计署 B.国务院办公厅C．民政部 D.统计局12．会议管理的核心内容是A．会议信息交流 B.会议审批制度C．会议质量控制 D.会议内容管理13．管理经济广告、社会广告和文化广告、指导广告协会等工作属于A．市场行政管理 B.文化行政管理C．工商行政管理 D.宏观经济行政管理14．目前实行委员会制行政组织体制的典型国家是A．英国 B.美国C．德国 D.瑞士15．行政组织存在的依据与合法性基础是A．目标 B.职能C．环境 D.技术16．财政部对其他职能部门的财政收支和财务活动进行的监督属于A．上下级监督 B.职能监督C．主管监督 D.审计监督17．混合扫描决策模式的提出者是A．西蒙 B.林德布洛姆C．埃佐尼 D.杜鲁门18．行为方法中最主要的是A．思想教育方法 B.心理诱导方法C．科学管理方法 D.行为激励方法19．电子政务的核心内容是A．政务 B.技术C．网络 D.信息20．贯穿于整个行政道德体系各个层面与运行过程，又是行政道德体系灵魂的是A．行政道德主体 B.行政道德准则C．行政道德观念 D.行政道德水平21．依法行政的核心与精髓在于法律规范的A．利益性与法治性 B.自律性与平等性C．规范性与约束性 D.多样性与随意性22．行政效率通常是行政投入与行政产出的比率关系。
2014年6月四级第一套
2014年6月年大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套) Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions ：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections ：In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder. C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.)Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.A) At Mary Johnson’s.C) In an exhibition hall.)At a painter’s studio.D) Outside an art gallery.A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.)She does not quite agree with what the man said.)The man had better talk with the students himself.)New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.A) He helped Doris build up the furniture. C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.)Doris helped him arrange the furniture. D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.A) He doesn’t get on with the others.C) He has been taken for a fool.)He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm.D) He has found a better position.A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.)He will continue to work in the garden himself.)He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.)They can hire a gardener to do the work.7.A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.)The man’s apartment is ready for rent.)The furniture is covered with lots of dust.)The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.A) The man will give the mechanic a call. C) The woman is doing some repairs.B) The woman is waiting for a call. D) The man knows the mechanic very well.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) She had a job interview to attend. C) She had to attend an important meeting.B) She was busy finishing her project. D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.10.A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom. C) Submit her roommate’s assignment.B)Hand in her roommate’s application form. D) Help her roommate with her report.11. A) Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located.C) Directions to the classroom building.B)When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. D) Dr. Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He finds it rather stressful. C) He can handle it quitewell.B) He is thinking of quitting it. D) He has to work extrahours.13. A) The 6:00 one. C) The 7:00one.B) The 6:30 one. D) The7:30 one.14. A) It is an awful waste of time. C) The time on the train isenjoyable.B) He finds it rather unbearable. D) It is somethingdifficult to get used to.15. A) Reading newspapers. C) Listening to thedaily news.B) Chatting with friends. D) Planning theday’s work.Section BDirections ：In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) Ignore small details while reading.B)Read at least several chapters at one sitting.C)Develop a habit of reading critically.D)Get key information by reading just once or twice.17. A) Choose one’s own system of marking.C) Make as few marks as possible.B) Underline the key words and phrases. D) Highlight details in a red color.18. A) By reading the textbooks carefully again. C) By focusing on the notes in themargins.B) By reviewing only the marked parts. D) By comparing notes with theirclassmates.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.B)The amount of sleep for each person is similar.C)One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.D)Everybody needs some sleep for survival.20.A) It is a made-up story. C) It is a rare exception.B) It is beyond cure. D) It is due toan accident.21.A) His extraordinary physical condition. C) The unique surroundings of his livingplace.B) His mother’s injury just before his birth. D) The rest he got from sitting in arocking chair.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.B)She learned to write for financial newspapers.C)She developed a strong interest in finance.D)She tenderly looked after her sick mother.23.A) She made a wise investment in real estate.B)She sold her restaurant with a substantial profit.C)She got 7. 5 million dollars from her ex-husband.D)She inherited a big fortune from her father.24.A) She was extremely mean with her money.B)She was dishonest in business dealings.C)She frequently ill-treated her employees.D)She abused animals including her pet dog.25.A) She made a big fortune from wise investment.B)She built a hospital with her mother’s money.C)She made huge donations to charities.D)She carried on her family’s tradition.Section CDirections ：In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are 26 in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to 27 him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly 28 . Speakers of English have a similar gesture though the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the 29 of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombia, a speaker of English would have to know that when he 30 height he must choose between different gestures depending on whether he is 31 a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand 32 the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter; in Colombia this gesture is 33 for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand 34 to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also 35 moments. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections ：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage throughcarefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Youmay not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Many Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate(文盲）.Many 36 do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The 37 Brazilian reads 1. 8 non-academic books a year, less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey of readinghabits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries. Argentines, their neighbors, 38 18th.The government and businesses are all struggling in different ways to change this. On March 13 the government 39 a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things.One discouragement to reading is that books are 40 . Most books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.Section BDirections ：In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Touch-Screen GenerationA)On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of children’s apps(应用程序）for phones and tablets(平板电脑)gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their games. The gathering was organized by Warren Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive children’s media. Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the hairs second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe(敬畏）and delight. But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of candy. I walked around and talked with developers, and several quoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori’s, “ The hands are the instruments of man’s intelligence.’’B)What, really, would Maria Montessori have made of this scene? The 30 or so children here were not down atthe shore poking(戳) their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or picking seashells. Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three, their faces a few inches from a screen, their hands doing things Montessori surely did not imagine.C)In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its policy on very young children and media. In 1999,the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research on brain development that showed this age groups critical need for “direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers.”The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changed significantly since then. In 2006, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumed some form of electronic media. Nevertheless, the group took largely the same approach it did in 1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these kids. (For older children, the academy noted, “high-quality programs” could have “educational benefits.”）The 2011 report mentioned “smart cell phone” and “new screen” technologies, but did not address interactive apps. Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those 90% of American parents that some good might come from those little swiping（在电子产品上刷）fingers.D) I had come to the developers,conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents,enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem, that they might offersome guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy’s ideals, and atsome level do not want to. Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the newtechnology that the more cautious doctors weren’t ready to address.E) I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app that teachespreschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling. She was a former Montessori teacher and a mother of four. Imyself have three children who are all fans of the touch screen. What games did her kids like to play, I asked,hoping for suggestions I could take home. “ They don’t play all that much. ”Really? Why not?“Because I don’t allow it. We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unless it’s clearly educational. ’’No screen time? None at all? That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards ofovercontrolling parents.“On the weekends, they can play. I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop. Enough.”F) Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were also parents whattheir domestic ground rules for screen time were. One said only on airplanes and long car rides. Another saidWednesdays. and weekends, for half an hour. The most permissive said half an hour a day, which was aboutmy rule at home. At one point I sat with one of the biggest developers of e-book apps for kids, and his family.The small kid was starting to fuss in her high chair, so the mom stuck an iPad in front of her and played ashort movie so everyone else could enjoy their lunch. When she saw me watching, she gave me the universaltense look of mothers who feel they are being judged. “ At home,” she assured me, “ I only let her watchmovies in Spanish. ’”G) By their reactions, these parents made me understand the problem of our age: as technology becomes almosteverywhere in our lives, American parents are becoming more, not less, distrustful of what it might be doingto their children. Technological ability has not, for parents, translated into comfort and ease. On the one hand,parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital stream that they will have to navigate(航行) alltheir lives; on the other hand, they fear that too much digital media, too early, will sink them. Parents end uptreating tablets as precision surgical(外科的）instruments, devices that might perform miracles for theirchild’s IQ and help him win some great robotics competition——but only if they are used just so. Otherwise,their child could end up one of those sad, pale creatures who can^ make eye contact and has a girlfriend wholives only in the virtual world.H) Norman Rockwell, a 20th-century artist, never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen, and our own vision ofa perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common scene. Add to that ourmodem fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences—that every minute of enrichmentlost or mindless entertainment indulged（放纵的）will add up to some permanent handicap(障碍)in thefuture—and you have deep guilt and confusion. To date, no body of research has proved that the iPad willmake your preschooler smarter or teach her to speak Chinese, or alternatively that it will rust her nervoussystem—the device has been out for only three years, not much more than the time it takes some academics tofind funding and gather research subjects. So what is a parent to do?46.The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronicage.47.American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children.48.Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.49.The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids, screen time.50.Research shows interaction with people is key to babies, brain development.51.So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.52.American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids, interpersonalrelationships.53.The author expected developers of children’s apps to specify the benefits of the new technology.54.The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.55.The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),, C) and D).You should decide on thebest choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.When young women were found to make only 82 percent of what their male peers do just one year out of college, many were at a loss to explain it.All the traditional reasons put forward to interpret the pay gap—that women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids, for example, or that they don’t seek as many management roles— failed to justify this one.These young women didn’t have kids yet. And because they were just one year removed from their undergraduatedegrees, few of these women yet had the chance to go after (much less decline) leadership roles.But there are other reasons why the pay gap remains so persistent. The first is that no matter how many women may be getting college degrees, the university experience is still an unequal one. The second is that ourhigher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students, years on campus.Now that women are the majority of college students and surpass men in both the number of undergraduate and advanced degrees awarded, one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place. It is not. Studies showthat while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off during their college years. They enroll indifferent kinds of classes, tend to major in less rigorous(非常严格的)subjects, and generally head off with lessambitious plants.As a result, it’s not surprising that even the best educated young women enter the workplace with a slight disadvantage. Their college experience leaves them somewhat confused, still stumbling(栽倒) over the dilemmastheir grandmothers, generation sought to destroy. Are they supposed to be pretty or smart? Strong or sexy(性感的)？All their lives, today’s young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passion—to pursuescience and sports, math and theater—and do it all as well as they possibly can. No wonder they are notnegotiating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school. They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing.56.Traditionally, it is believed that women earn less than men because _________________________ .A)they have failed to take as many rigorous coursesB)they do not feel as fit for management rolesC)they feel obliged to take care of their kids at homeD)they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities57.What does the author say about America’s higher education system?A)It does not offer specific career counseling to women.B)It does not consider its economic impact on graduates.C)It does not take care of women students’ special needs.D)It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects.58.What does the author say about today’s college experience?A)It is different for male and female students.B)It is not the same as that of earlier generations.C)It is more exhausting than most women expect.D)It is not so satisfying to many American students.59.What does the author say about women students in college?A)They have no idea how to bring out their best.B)They drop a course when they find it too rigorous.C)They are not as practical as men in choosing courses.D)They don5t perform as well as they did in high school.60.How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?A)Women are too worn out to be ambitious.B)Women are not ready to take management roles.C)Women are caught between career and family.D)Women are not good at negotiating salaries.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader.I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck inpositions of leadership who are sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities.Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place.We’v e all met the type of individual who simply must take c harge. Whether it’s a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can’t help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dearlife. They believe they’v e natural born leaders.Truth is, they’r e nothing of the sort. True leaders don^ assume that ifs their divine (神圣的) right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation onits merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it.Many business executives confuse leadership with action. They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a byproduct. Faced with any situation that can’t be solved by the sheer force of activity,they generate a dust cloud of impatience. Their one leadership tool is volume: if they think you aren’t working ashard as they think you should, their demands become increasingly louder and harsher.True leaders understand the value of action, of course, but it isn’t their only tool. In fact, it isn’t even their primary tool. Great leaders see more than everyone else answers, solutions, patterns, problems, opportunities. Theyknow it’s vitally important to do, but they also know that thinking, understanding, reflection and interpretation areequally important.If you’r e too concerned with outcomes to the extent that you manipulate and intimidate others to achieve those outcomes, then you aren’t leading at all, you’r e dictating. A true leader is someone who develops his or herteam so that they can and do hit their targets and achieve their goals.61.What does the author think of the leaders he knows?A)Many of them are used to taking charge.B)Few of them are equal to their positions.C)Many of them fail to fully develop their potential.D)Few of them are familiar with leadership literature.62.Why are some people eager to grab leadership positions?A)They believe they have the natural gift to lead.B)They believe in what leadership literature says.C)They have proved competent in many situations.D)They derive great satisfaction from being leaders.63.What characterizes a great leader according to the author?A)Being able to take prompt action when chances present themselves.B)Having a whole-hearted dedication to their divine responsibilities.C)Having a full understanding of their own merits and weaknesses.D)Being able to assess the situation carefully before taking charge.64.How will many business executives respond when their command fails to generate action?A) They reassess the situation at hand. C) They resort to any tool available.B) They become impatient and rude. D) They blame their team members.65.What is the author’s advice to leaders?A)Concentrate on one specific task at a time.B)Use different tools to achieve different goals.C)Build up a strong team to achieve their goals.D)Show determination when faced with tough tasks.Part IV Translation(30 minutes)Directions ：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。
大学英语(4)2014春第一套作业行政管理
本题得分:3.16
题号:24题型:是非题本题分数:3.16
内容:
Human can communicate by speaking to one another /by using words.
1、错
2、对
标准答案:1
学员答案:1
本题得分:3.16
题号:25题型:是非题本题分数:3.16
B、yellow two little
C、little two yellow
D、two little yellow
标准答案:D
学员答案:D
本题得分:5.26
题号:3题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5.26
内容:
Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, ___________, of course, made the others jealous.
A、mathematics' student
B、mathematics students
C、mathematic student
D、mathematic students
标准答案:B
学员答案:B
本题得分:5.26
题号:10题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5.26
内容:
I hear that in some countries children are __________ from buying cigarette.
1、错
2、对
标准答案:1
学员答案:1
本题得分:3.16