考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析

考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析

-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析

1. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary —the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.

【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。

【分析】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。主句用了一个形式主语it，真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中的many是指many warnings。

2. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport .

【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。

【分析】句子主干结构是Additional social stresses may also occur because of...简单句+ because of表示的原因状语，整句翻译应该根据先原因后结果的原则，将主句放在最后；because of后面有两个宾语the population explosion or problems；名词problems带有现在分词短语作后置定语arising from mass migration movements；themselves指前面的名词短语mass migration movements，后面的过去分词短语是themselves的定语。

3. There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers,which helps explain why the “standard templates” of the newsroom seem alien to many readers.

【译文】新闻记者和读者之间存在着社会和文化方面的脱节，这就是为什么新闻编辑室的“标准模式”似乎与许多读者的意趣相差甚远。

【分析】主句也是一个there加系动词的用法。而表语后都有一个定语从句。本句的定语从句是which helps explain why the “standard templates”of the newsroom seem alien to many readers。Alien 本义为异国的，此处是相差甚远，背道而驰。如果考生不了解standard templates的意思，可以从上下文中找其相同作用和功能的词组，如上句中的 a story line和backbone，那么就应该知道它们指的都是记者们在写新闻和评论时固定的套路和思维。

4. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms,of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.

【译文】这种现象引起了人们对小型经济实体、民族商人的作用以及世界经济的最终稳定性的极大关注。

【分析】全句的主干是This phenomenon has created serious concerns。人们的担忧实际包含两个方面(即句子的两个状语)：一个是the role (of smaller economic firms， of national businessmen) ，另一个是the ultimate stability (of the world economy) 。但是由于两个状语太长，建议在翻译时调整一下句子的结构，这样句子肯定更通畅些。

5. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes,European travel,BMWs—the locations,place names and name brands may change,but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.

【译文】当然，人们现在对成功及其标志的兴趣似乎并未比从前减弱。避暑别墅、欧洲旅行、宝马车——它们的位置、地名和商标可能会改变，但现在对这些东西的需求似乎并未比一二十年前减少。

【分析】此处出现了两个比较级，less interested in success and its signs now than formerly和less in demand today than a decade or two years ago。另外要特

别注意句中的双重否定：一是do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly，一是do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago。

6. Instead,we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three star restaurants;the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of

life,whose own children are enrolled in private schools.

【译文】相反，我们目睹了比以前任何时候都多的虚伪景观：美国物欲主义批评家在南安普顿拥有一幢避暑别墅，激进图书的出版商在三星级餐馆就餐，倡导终生参与民主制的新闻记者把自己的子女送进私立学校。

【分析】本句的主句是we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles。非限定性的定语从句 (which now more than ever seem in ample supply) 修饰spectacles。冒号后面的成分是三个并列的名词性短语，其核心词分别是critic，publisher和journalist。spectacles在文中意为“壮观景象”，有一定的反讽意味。

7. This does not mean that ambition is at an end,that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings,but only that,no longer openly honored,it is less openly professed.

【译文】这并不意味着抱负已经穷途末路，人们不再感觉到它对人们的激励了；而只是说明人们不再公开地以它为荣，更不愿公开地坦承了。

【分析】这是一个简单句，主干是this does not mean，后面接了三个并列的that从句作mean的宾语。在第三个宾语从句中，it指代ambition，no longer openly honored是插入语，作该从句的状语。that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings意思是that people are no longer stirred and prompted by ambition。

8. The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles;its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive.

【译文】对抱负的攻击非常之多，而且观点不尽相同；公开为之辩解的则少之又少，而且并不为人注意，尽管他们并非一点吸引力也没有。

【分析】此句是用分号隔开的两个并列句，后面的一个分句中有一个where引导的定语从句，从整体上来修饰its public defenders，只不过先行词用了where。