外研版英语必修四Module5

单词

1．surround vt.(使)包围，环绕；围绕

归纳拓展

(1)surround sb./sth.with sb./sth.使某人(某物)包围某人(某物)

be surrounded by/with sth./sb.被某物/某人所包围

(2)surrounding adj.(作定语)周围的；附近的surroundings n．(pl.)环境(同environment)

in the surrounding area在周围地区

例句：They have surrounded the town with troops.

他们出动军队包围了该城镇。

He likes to surround himself with beautiful things.

他喜欢生活在美丽的环境中。

The house is situated in very pleasant surroundings.

那所房子所处的环境很优美。

After the explosion the army sealed off the surrounding area.爆炸发生后军队封锁了周围地区。

【链接训练】

①The house________big trees________an old man，who is proud of it.

A．surrounded by；belongs to

B．surrounded with；belonging to

C．is surrounded by；belongs to

D．is surrounded with；belong to

【解析】surrounded by是过去分词短语作定语，由后面的定语从句可知谓语动词应使用一般现在时，故选A。

【答案】 A

②When you move to a new place to live, you have to adapt yourself to the new__________as soon as possible. A．surroundings B．situations C．positions D．livings

【解析】考查名词辨析。surroundings“环境”；situation “境况，处境”；position“位置”；living用作复数时，意为“活着的人”。句意为：当你搬到一个新的地方去居住，你必须使自己尽快适应新的环境。根据题意可知答案为A。

【答案】 A

2．narrow v．(使变)狭窄；使缩小adj.勉强的；险胜的；窄的

归纳拓展

(1)narrow down减少，限制，缩小，变窄narrow...to...把……局限在……之内

(2)a narrow escape死里逃生，险些遇险

narrow majority/victory/defeat微弱多数/险胜/勉强击败(3)narrowly adv.仅仅；勉强地；差一点儿儿narrows n．海峡，江峡；(江、河、湖等的)狭窄处

例句：In order to widen the road they had to narrow the pavement.为了拓宽道路只好将人行道弄窄。

They narrowed the search for the missing boy down to a few streets near the church.

他们把寻找失踪男孩的范围缩小到教堂附近的几条街。

Peter had a narrow escape from drowning when he fell overboard.彼得从船上掉入水中，险些淹死。

【链接训练】

①The gorge (峡谷) ________ 350 feet as the river rushes through the twomilehigh mountains.

A．narrows B．narrowed

C．narrows to D．narrow to

【解析】句意为：当河水冲过两米高的山峰时，峡谷窄到了350英尺。narrow作动词用，意为“使缩小，使变窄”，后跟介词to。

【答案】 C

3．forbid vt.(forbade/forbad，forbidden，forbidding)禁止，不许；阻止；使避免发生

归纳拓展

(1)禁止某人干某事

forbid sb. sth.禁止某人某事

forbid (doing) sth.禁止干某事

(2)forbidden adj. 被禁止的

The Forbidden City紫禁城

注意：forbid后跟动词时要用动词的ing形式，而“禁止某人做某事”应用forbid sb. to do sth.，有类似用法的还有：allow，advise，permit，encourage等。

例句：His father forbade him to use the dictionary.

他父亲不允许他使用那本字典。

They forbid walking in the field.

他们不允许在田地里走。

He was forbidden to leave the base as a punishment.

作为惩罚，他被禁止离开基地。

【链接训练】

①We forbid ______ here.Who has permitted you ____ here?

A．smoke；smoking B．smoking；to smoke C．smoking；smoking D．to smoke；smoking 【解析】第一空考查forbid doing sth.“禁止做某事”这一短语；第二空考查permit sb.to do sth.“允许某人干某事”这一结构。句意为：我们不许在这儿吸烟，谁允许你在这儿吸烟的？

【答案】 B

②Many students want to live outside the school，but the school ________them to do so considering their safety.