E33

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通用计数器操作指导

通用计数器操作指导

1.目的为了正确指导通用计数器的操作要领及注意事项。

2.适用范围适用于E3386型通用计数器的操作和管理。

3.操作规程3.1试验前准备在仪器使用前,应先检查电源是否符合本仪器的电压工作范围,仪器使用三芯电源线,电源插座应接地良好,严禁使用两芯电源线,仪器外壳和所有外露金属均已接地。

经上述检查后,仪器即可通电,按下“POWER”电源开关,仪器即开始进入初始化。

按初始的缺省测量状态进行测量。

3.2操作说明1)连接电缆:将随机附件电缆连接在本仪器的RS–232接口和计算机的串行口之间。

2)选择串行口:在菜单中选择Option 后选择 Serial Port Select ,再选择 COM1、COM2、COM3 或 COM4。

3)打开串行口:在菜单中选择 Connection 后再选择Connection 。

4)关闭串行口:在菜单中选择 Disconnection 后再选择Disconnection 。

5)设定波特率:在菜单中选择Option 后 Baud rate ,波特率固定为2400。

6)功能操作:按下相应的功能按钮既可作相应的功能测量。

7)查看测量结果:在主窗体的报表栏中有一个 Select a report ,Select a report 中有四个选项,分别为Simple list report(简单报表)、Detail report A(含有表头的报表)、Detail report B(不含有表头的报表)、Composite report(详细的数据列表)。

这四种选项都可以预览测量结果,除详细的数据列表不可以打印外,其它三种都可以打印,在详细的数据列表中还可以添加E、T值、删除E、T值等操作,还可以重新计算测量结果。

查看结果首先选择一种预览方式,然后按主窗体报表栏中的 Preview 按钮。

打印测量结果,可以直接按主窗体报表栏中的 Print 按钮,也可以在预览报表中打印3.3功能操作特别提示:触发电平必须在EE3386型通用计数器实物上设置好,无法用软件来修改。

E+E EE33 Datasheet说明书

E+E EE33 Datasheet说明书

DatasheetEE33Humidity / Temperature Sensor forHigh Humidity and Chemical ApplicationsEE33Humidity / Temperature Sensor for High Humidity and Chemical ApplicationsThe EE33 sensors are designed to meet the highest demands of stable and highly accurate measurements of relative humidity (RH) and temperature (T) under the most challenging conditions. EE33 is suitable for a wide range of applications from -40 °C (-112 °F) up to 180 °C (356 °F) and 100 bar (1 450 psi).Outstanding Measurement PerformanceThe employed high-end E+E RH and T sensing element is heated and enables reliable and long-term stable measurements in extremely humid or chemically polluted environment. The monolithic structure of the sensor allows a fast return to normal conditions after condensation or chemical contamination. In addition it is perfectly protected by the E+E proprietary coating.Versatility and RobustnessThe EE33 is available in six remote probe types and with various probe and cable lengths. With different heating modes of the monolithic RH and T sensing element, the EE33 can be perfectly tailored to the specific needs of each measurement task. It features an IP65 / NEMA 4 polycarbonate or metal enclosure which can accommodate various interface modules and electrical connection options.Outputs and ConfigurationThe measured data is available on two freely scalable analogue outputs, on the RS232 or RS485 interface and on the alarm (relay) outputs. The configuration and the RH and T adjustment of the EE33 can be performed either using the push buttons or with the free EE-PCS Product Configuration Software.Outputs▪2 freely scalable analogue outputs current / voltage▪Configurable via EE-PCS ▪Digital RS232 / RS485 interface with E+E industry protocolRH and T Sensing Element ▪With different heating modes ▪Condensation Prevention (CP) ▪Automatic ReCovery (ARC) ▪Overheating (OH) ▪Protected by▪E+E proprietary coating ▪Wide choice of filter capsMeasurement performance ▪High RH / T accuracy▪Working range from -40 °C (-112 °F) up to 180 °C (356 °F) and 100 bar (1 450 psi) ▪Designed for conditions with chemical contamination and condensation ▪Calculated parameters - Dew point temperature (Td) - Frost point temperature (Tf) - Wet bulb temperature (Tw) - Water vapour partial pressure (e) - Mixing ratio (r) - Absolute humidity (dv) - Specific enthalpy (h)Enclosure▪Polycarbonate IP65 / NEMA 4X ▪Metal (AlSi9Cu3) IP65 / NEMA 4 ▪Display with MIN/MAX function ▪Versatile connection optionsRemote probes▪Specific types according to - T range - p range- Environmental condition ▪Various probe and cable lengthsInspection certificate According to DIN EN 10204-3.1Protective Sensor CoatingThe E+E proprietary sensor coating is a protective layer applied to the sensing elements, their leads and soldering points. The coating substantially extends sensor lifetime and ensures optimal measurement performance in corrosive environment (salts, off-shore applications). Additionally, it improves the sensors’ long term stability in dusty, dirty or oily applications by preventing stray impedance caused by deposits on the active sensor surface or on the electrical connections.Heating ModesCondensation Prevention (CP) describes an intense heating of the sensing element in order to get rid of temporary condensation. It is triggered by a certain RH setpoint (configurable via EE-PCS).Automatic ReCovery (ARC) describes an intense heating of the sensing element in order to get rid of chemical pollution. It is triggered either by a certain time interval (configurable via EE-PCS), externally using the ARC module option (AM1) or manually via push button on the PCB.Overheating (OH) means a continuous, regulated warming of the sensing element and the probe body (dual heating system) to prevent condensation on it. Thanks to the monolithic structure of the sensing element precise RH measurement even under continuously high humidity and condensing conditions is enabled.*) Factory setting: disabled, RH setpoint preset to 99 %.Values in mm (inch)EnclosureType T4/ T5Type T7, pressure tight up to 20 bar (300 psi) for Td measurement with optional cut-in fittingType T8, pressure tight up to 100 bar (1 450 psi) with cut-in fittingType T10, pressure tight up to 20 bar (300 psi) with sliding fittingValues in mm (inch)Technical DataMeasurandsType T17, two remote probes pressure tight up to 20 bar (300 psi) with optional cut-in sliding fittingThe accuracy statement includes the uncertainty of the factory calibration with an enhancement factor k=2 (2-times standard deviation).The accuracy was calculated in accordance with EA-4/02 and with regard to GUM (Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement). Values in mm (inch)Measurands1) T raceable to international standards, administrated by NIST, PTB, BEV,...The accuracy statement includes the uncertainty of the factory calibration with an enhancement factor k=2 (2-times standard deviation).The accuracy was calculated in accordance with EA-4/02 and with regard to GUM (Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement). Calculated Measurandsfrom up to unitEE33-xT4EE33-xT5/T8/T10/T17EE33-xT7Dew point temperature Td-40(-40)100(212)100(212)100(212)°C(°F) Frost point temperature1)Tf-40(-40)0(32)0(32)0(32)°C(°F) Wet bulb temperature Tw0(32)100(212)100(212)‒°C(°F) Water vapour partial pressure e0(0)1100(15)1100(15)‒mbar(psi) Mixing ratio r0(0)999(9999)999(9999)‒g/kg(gr/lb) Absolute humidity dv0(0)700(300)700(300)‒g/m3(gr/ft3) Specific enthalpy h0(0)2800(1250)2800(1250)‒kJ/kg(BTU/lb) 1) Equals Td above 0 °C (32 °F)Outputs AnalogueTwo freely selectable and scalable outputs for RH and T 0 - 1 / 5 / 10 V -1 mA < I L < 1 mA I L = load current 0 - 20 mA / 4 - 20 mA (3-wire) R L < 500 Ω R L = load resistance Both outputs have the same electrical quantity (U, I)Two alarm outputs with option AM21)2x changeover contact250 V AC / 6 A 28 V DC / 6 A Measurand, threshold and hysteresis configurable via EE-PCS1) Appropriate for outdoor use, wet location, degree of pollution 2, overvoltage category II, altitude up to 3 000 m (9 843 ft)DigitalDigital interface RS232 or RS485 (EE33 = 1 unit load)Protocol Factory settings E+E Industrial Transmitter Protocol9 600 Baud, parity even, 1 stop bit, ID = unique factory setUSA & Canada: Class 2 supply necessary, GeneralOrdering GuideMeasurand CodeOrder ExampleEE33-M1T10HS3F9K2L200PA23E4C1GA6For Output 1 and 2 in the Ordering GuidePlease note: no mix of SI/US units allowed.Order ExampleEE33-M1T17F11K5L200D2C1AM1GA3MB52SBL0SBH100AccessoriesAccessories Code E+E Product Configuration Software(free download from /configurator)EE-PCS EE33 Configuration cable (for EE-PCS)HA010304 Stainless steel mounting flange Ø12 mm (0.47")HA010201 Stainless steel mounting flange for Ø6 mm (0.24") T probe HA010207 Stainless steel wall mounting clip Ø12 mm (0.47")HA010225 Pressure tight screw connectionsG1/2" ISO Ø12 mm 1/2" NPT Ø12 mm G1/2" ISO Ø6 mm 1/2" NPT Ø6 mm HA011102 HA011103 HA011104 HA011105Humidity calibration kit see Humidity Calibration Kit data sheet RS232 interface cable for plug option E5HA010311RS485 kit for network HA010605Adapter M16x1.5 to NPT 1/2" HA011101Drip water protection HA010503Radiation shield for RH probe HA010502Radiation shield for T probe HA010506For further information see datasheet Accessories.Company Headquarters &Production SiteE+E Elektronik Ges.m.b.H.Langwiesen 74209 Engerwitzdorf | AustriaT +43 7235 605-0F +43 7235 605-8***************SubsidiariesE+E Sensor Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. T +86 21 6117 6129**************E+E Elektronik France SARLT +33 4 74 72 35 82******************E+E Elektronik Deutschland GmbHT +49 6171 69411-0******************E+E Elektronik India Private LimitedT +91 990 440 5400******************E+E Elektronik Italia S.R.L.T +39 02 2707 86 36******************E+E Korea Co., Ltd.T +82 31 732 6050******************E+E Elektronik CorporationT +1 847 490 0520******************Version v1.17 | 01-2023Modification rights reserved。

嘉捷故障代码

嘉捷故障代码

E01 逆变单元保护
E33 电梯速度异常
E02 加速过电流
E34 逻辑故障Err
E03 减速过电流
E35 井道自学习数据异常
E04 恒速过电流
E36 接触器反馈异常
E06 减速过电压
E37 抱闸反馈异常
E07 恒速过电压
E38 控制器旋转编码器信号异常
E09 欠电压故障
E39 电机过热,
E10 系统过载
E40 电梯运行超时3 R
E11 电机过载
E41 安全回路断开
E12 输入侧缺相
E42 运行中门锁断开
E13 输出侧缺相
E43 运行中上限位信号断开
E14 模块过热
E44 运行中下限位信号断开
E17 编码器信号校验异常
E45 上下减速开关断开
E18 电流检测故障
E46 再平层异常
E19 电机调谐故障
E47 封门接触器粘连
E20 旋转编码器故障
E48 开门故障
E21 同步机编码器接线故障
E49 关门故障
E22 平层信号异常
E51 CAN通讯故障
E29 同步机封星接触器反馈异常
E52 外召通讯故障E30 电梯位置异常E53 门锁短接故障。

碳纳米管材料的红外光谱分析研究

碳纳米管材料的红外光谱分析研究

碳纳米管材料的红外光谱分析研究碳纳米管(Carbon nanotubes,CNTs)是由碳元素组成的一种纳米材料。

由于其独特的物理、化学、热力学等性质,碳纳米管材料已经被广泛应用于生物医学、电子学、能源转换等领域。

其中,红外光谱(Infrared spectroscopy,IR)是一种常用的研究碳纳米管材料的方法,可以通过对其红外吸收光谱进行分析,得到其结构及化学组成的信息。

Ⅰ、碳纳米管的结构简介碳纳米管通常由单个碳原子层(graphene layer)卷曲而成,形成一个长方形管状结构。

在这过程中,可通过不同的拓扑结构形成具有不同性质的碳纳米管,包括单壁碳纳米管(Single-walled CNTs,SWCNTs)、多壁碳纳米管(Multi-walled CNTs,MWCNTs)等。

其中,SWCNTs由单层碳原子卷成的圆筒形结构构成,而MWCNTs则由多层碳原子卷成的圆筒形结构组成,并形成以纵向沿MWCNTs轴线相互垂直的壳层。

Ⅱ、红外光谱分析的原理红外光谱是一种研究物质分子结构的无损分析方法。

当光从外部照射某种物质时,物质分子会吸收或反射部分光线,因而产生特定的光谱响应。

这些响应的特征被称为谱带(spectral bands),可以与物质所含的不同化学键、官能团或结构单元相关联。

通过比较实验光谱与已知光谱的特征,可以从红外光谱中识别物质的成分和结构。

Ⅲ、碳纳米管的红外光谱特征由于碳纳米管的寿命长、强度高、导电性强等特点,使得其具有广泛的应用价值。

在研究中,我们通过红外光谱分析可以得到碳纳米管的有关信息。

在红外光谱分析过程中,碳纳米管有三个可供选择的振动模式:E22、E11和E33。

E22: E22是弯曲模式,它出现在1000至1500 cm -1的范围内,并且SWCNTs 和MWCNTs出现在不同的波数范围内。

E22波数对SWCNTs的直径和壁数沿管轴变化,因此可以用来计算SWCNTs的尺寸,并且可以定量分析SWCNTs的直径。

新时达电梯故障代码(珍藏版)

新时达电梯故障代码(珍藏版)

新时达电梯故障代码(珍藏版)新时达主控板故障代码E02―运行中门锁脱开原因:门刀擦门球或门锁接线松动。

处理:检查门刀与门锁间隙及接线。

E03―错位(超过45cm),撞到上限位开关时修正,即层楼职为最高层。

原因:上限位开关误动作或移动后未写层;编码器损坏。

处理:检查上限位开关、重新写层、更换编码器。

E04―错位(超过45cm),撞到下限位开关时修正,即层楼置为最低位。

原因:下限位开关误动作或移动后未写层;编码器损坏。

处理:检查下限位开关、重新写层、更换编码器。

E05―电梯到站不开门。

原因:门锁短接、门机皮带打滑、门机不工作。

处理:排除短接、检查门机皮带及门机控制器。

E06―门关不上,蜂鸣器响。

原因:门机构卡住、门锁触点接不上、触板动作、外呼钮卡死、门机不工作或皮带打滑、关门继电器坏或主板未输出关门信号。

处理:检查门机构、门锁触点、触板开关、外呼钮、门机皮带、门机控制器、关门继电器或主板是否输出关门信号。

E08―通讯中断。

原因:通讯受到干扰、中断、终端电阻未短接。

处理:将通讯线远离强电、连接通讯线、短接通讯电阻。

E09―变频器出错,急停,停止运行。

原因:变频故障。

处理:对应变频器故障代码处理。

E10―错位(超过45cm),撞到上终端减速开关时修正。

原因:上行多层减速开关误动作、多层减速开关移位后未写层、编码器损坏。

处理:检查多层、减速开关、重新写层、更换编码器。

E11―错位(超过45cm),撞到下终端减速开关时修正。

原因:下行多层减速开关误动作、多层减速开关移位后未写层、编码器损坏。

处理:检查多层、减速开关、重新写层、更换编码器。

E12―错位(超过45cm),撞到上终端减速开关时修正。

原因:上行单层减速开关误动作、单层减速开关移位后未写层、编码器损坏。

处理:检查单层、减速开关、重新写层、更换编码器。

E13―错位(超过45cm),撞到下终端减速开关时修正。

原因:下行单层减速开关误动作、单层减速开关移位后未写层、编码器损坏。

三菱空调故障代码全攻略

三菱空调故障代码全攻略

三菱空调故障代码全攻略三菱电机:LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 故障原因灭灭灭灭正常亮亮亮亮室外机主版故障亮灭灭灭相序错误灭亮灭灭高压继电器动作或室外主控板故障灭灭亮灭低压继电器动作或室外主控板故障灭灭灭亮外环温异常或温度过高三菱电机空调GJ外机接线端子功能表短路端子号短路端子功能不短接时短接时J1 相位反向检测不检测检测J2 卸压阀控制除霜时关除霜时开J3 曲轴箱E加热连续加热相隔1小时重复开关J4 上电3分钟延时有无三菱电机空调GJ外机故障代码发光二极管闪烁故障原因发光二极管亮LED1 相序错误室内输出控制信号正常LED2 缺相室内输出控制信号正常LED3 外环温异常63H1运行LED4 63H2动作压缩机启动LED5 室外51C动作保护室外风机启动LED6 室外26C动作保护四通阀启动LED7 过热保护卸压阀启动LED8 控制输入电路异常曲轴箱加热器启动三菱电机空调GJ(PSH-3GJ、6GJ[H]S)灯亮位置故障原因12--29 室外故障(检查室外机连接线、制冷剂、温度传感器)11--28 室外环温异常或控制板故障10--27 内管温异常或控制板故障7--24 防冷风保护(室内进出风口有无障碍,室内电机)注:室内故障灯在面板左恻显示,室内JP4短路件插上时,首次上电无延时功能,否则相反。

室内JP2短路插件插上,可将防冷风温度由1度改为负2度。

三菱重工:显示内容故障原因检查灯(黄)闪亮室内管温或环温异常运行灯(黄)闪亮二次电源过欠压保护检查灯(黄)闪亮一次过冷保护检查灯(黄)闪亮二次过热保护检查灯(黄)闪亮三次室外机保护装置动作检查灯(黄)闪亮四次浮子开关动作,水泵排水不正常检查灯(黄)闪亮五次室内管温传感器检查25度以上三菱重工504系列显示代码故障原因E1 室外机电源关闭或电源线断开(保险、变压器坏)E2 室内机机号重复或室内主板损坏E3 室外机机号设定不良,室外机信号线断开或电源关E4 室外机机号设定不良或室内机主板损坏E5 室外机电源关、室外侧信号线断或控制板损坏E6 室内侧温度传感器开路或室内主控制板损坏E7 室内机吸入温度传感器或室内主控制板损坏E8 过热保护(室内管温或室内主板损坏)E9 运转开关误动作(选择开关或室内主控制板损坏)E10 多台中心控制时室内连接台数超过17台E31 室外机侧机号重复或室外主控制板故障E32 电源相序错、缺T相、外管温异常、外主板坏E33 压缩机过载缺S或R相、52C二次侧断开保护E34 压缩机缺T相(52C二次侧)室外主控制板损坏E35 制冷时室外散热器超过设定或室外管温故障,外主板坏E36 室外排气管温过高保护(35-80型120度、90-200型135度以上)E37 室外管温开路,室外主控制板故障E38 室外温度传感器开路,室外主控制板故障E39 室外排气管温度传感器开路,室外主控板故障E40 室外机保护元件动作,室外主控板故障注:室内红灯LED闪表示室内故障,绿灯LED亮表示室内正常。

莫纳克故障代码

莫纳克故障代码

默纳克故障代码E01裂变单元保护E31 DPRAM异常E02 加速过电流E32 CPU异常E03 减速过电流E33 电梯速度异常E04 恒速过电流E34 控制器逻辑故障E05 加速过电压E35 井道自学习数据异常E06 减速过电压E36 运行接触器故障E07 恒速过电压E37 制动器检测开关故障E08 控制电源故障E38 编码器信号异常E09 欠电压故障E39 电机过热E10 系统过载E40 电梯运行时间超时E11 电机过载E41 安全回路故障E12 输入缺相E42 运行中门锁断开E13 输出缺相E43 运行中上限位断开E14 模块过热E44 运行中下限位断开E15 E45 上下强换开关同时动作E16 编码器故障E46 再平层异常E17 编码器信号校验异常E47 封门接触器粘连E18 电流检测故障E48 开门故障E19 电机调谐故障E49 关门故障E20 编码器故障E50 群控通讯故障E21 同步编码器接线故障E51 CAN通讯故障E22 平层信号故障E52 外召唤通讯故障E23 对地短路故障E53 门锁短接故障E24RTC 时钟故障E54 检修启动过电流E25 控制器数据异常E55 本层开门不到位,则换层停靠E26地震信号E56 控制板超速E27 E57 SPI/DSP的通讯异常E28 主板加运行次数E58位置保护开关异常E29 封星接触器反馈异常E59E30 电梯位置异常E60平层信号异常E61平层信号异常小键盘按键功能说明3个按键分别定义为PRG、UP、SET,按键旁边有标明。

1、PRG键:在任何状态下,按下PRG键,显示的是当前的功能组菜单号,可以通过UP键,改变功能组菜单号;2、UP 键:在功能组菜单下,可以通过UP键进行组号递增,目前定义MCB 控制器有8个功能组菜单,因此,UP键可以将功能组菜单号循环变化,即0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、0…。

另外,在特定功能组数据菜单中,UP键也可以进行数据(简单命令)输入;3、SET键:在功能组菜单下,按SET键进入该功能组的数据菜单。

三菱空调故障代码

三菱空调故障代码

三菱电机空调GJ外机接线端子功能表
短路端子号 短路端子功能 不短接时 短接时
J1 相位反向检测 不检测 检测
J2 卸压阀控制 除霜时关 除霜时开
J3 曲轴箱E加热 连续加热 相隔1小时重复开关
J4 上电3分钟延时 有 无
三菱电机空调GJ外机故障代码
TIMER灯亮,RUN灯闪(5次/8秒) 室内排风传感器异常
RUN灯亮,TIMER灯闪(5次/8秒)
三菱重工空调(SRK503CENFI-W)分体
显示内容 故障原因
定时灯闪烁 内管温异常
运行灯闪烁 内环温异常
定时与运行灯闪烁 室外机故障
三菱空调故障码
三菱电机:
LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 故障原因
灭 灭 灭 灭 正常
亮 亮 亮 亮 室外机主版故障
亮 灭 灭 灭 相序错误
灭 亮 灭 灭 高压继电器动作或室外主控板故障
灭 灭 亮 灭 低压继电器动作或室外主控板故障
灭 灭 灭 亮 外环温异常或温度过高
E35 制冷时室外散热器超过设定或室外管温故障,外主板坏
E36 室外排气管温过高保护(35-80型120度、90-200型135度以上)
E37 室外管温开路,室外主控制板故障
E38 室外温度传感器开路,室外主控制板故障
E39 室外排气管温度传感器开路,室外主控板故障
E40 室外机保护元件动作,室外主控板故障
这说明室温和内机热交换器盘管温度传感器(热敏电阻)等正常,故障可能在以下几个方面:(1)室内的外机供电控制环节;(2)室内、外机连接线;(3)外机电气控制板;(4)外风机或压缩机(两者同时发生故障的几率很小)。

MICHAEL E TUBE E33 型号综合目录说明书

MICHAEL E TUBE E33 型号综合目录说明书

Select flaring dies according to tube dimensions Use special “SS“ dies for stainless steel tube Grip surface must be clean and free of wear Use only genuine Parker tooling for flaring Triple-Lok® Plus
Dimensional check of the flare Flare O.D. should not exceed outside sleeve diameter Flare O.D. should not be less than smaller diameter of front of sleeve When in doubt, measure
1
110
180
22
7/8 1.3/16-12 1
1
135
225
25
1 1.5/16-12 1
1
175
255
28
1.5/8-12 1
260
295
30
1.5/8-12 1
1
260
295
32 1.1/4 1.5/8-12 1
1
260
295
35
1.7/8-12 1
340
345
38 1.1/2 1.7/8-12 1
L1
Tube preparation chart
4
Remove internal and external burrs max. chamfer 0.3mm x 45° Recommendation: In-Ex Tube Deburring Tool 226 Proper deburring and cleaning of inner diameter essential for sealing surface quality

汇川伺服电机报警代码一览表

汇川伺服电机报警代码一览表

汇川伺服电机报警代码一览表引言:汇川伺服电机是一种常见的工业电机,广泛应用于各种机械设备中。

在使用过程中,伺服电机可能会出现各种故障,其中报警代码是一种常见的故障提示方式。

本文将为您介绍汇川伺服电机报警代码一览表,帮助您更好地理解和解决伺服电机故障。

1. 电机保护类报警代码:1.1 E01:电机过压保护报警1.2 E02:电机欠压保护报警1.3 E03:电机过流保护报警1.4 E04:电机过载保护报警2. 速度环控制类报警代码:2.1 E10:速度环超调报警2.2 E11:速度环误差报警2.3 E12:速度环故障报警3. 位置环控制类报警代码:3.1 E20:位置环超调报警3.2 E21:位置环误差报警3.3 E22:位置环故障报警4. 硬件类报警代码:4.1 E30:电机温度过高报警4.2 E31:电机温度传感器故障报警4.3 E32:电源电压异常报警4.4 E33:电流检测异常报警5. 通信类报警代码:5.1 E40:通信超时报警5.2 E41:通信异常报警5.3 E42:通信丢包报警6. 其他类报警代码:6.1 E50:未定义故障报警6.2 E51:固件不匹配报警6.3 E52:编码器异常报警6.4 E53:参数错误报警结语:本文为您提供了汇川伺服电机报警代码的一览表,希望能够帮助您更好地应对伺服电机故障。

当您在使用汇川伺服电机时遇到报警代码时,可以参考本文进行故障诊断和处理。

请注意,在处理伺服电机故障时,务必按照相关设备的操作手册进行操作,避免造成不必要的损失。

默纳克故障代码全

默纳克故障代码全
4.减速曲线太陡;
5.编码器信号不正确;
故障解决方案
1.检查变频器输出侧,运行接触器是否正常;
2.检查动力线是否有表层破损,是否有对地短路的可能性。连线是否牢靠;
3.检查电机侧接线端是否有铜丝搭地;
4.检查电机内部是否短路或搭地;
5.检查封星接触器是否造成变频器输出短路;
6.检查电机参数是否与铭牌相符;7.重新进行电机参数自学习;
E33:电梯速度异常
故障级别:5
故障原因:
1.电梯实际运行速度超过电梯最大运行速度的倍;
2.低速运行时速度超过设定的倍;
3.电梯自动运行时,检修开关动作;
故障解决方案
1.确认旋转编码器使用是否正确;
2.检查电机铭牌参数设定;
3.重新进行电机调谐;
4.检查检修开关及信号线;
E34:逻辑故障
故障级别:5
1.正确输入电机参数;
2.检查电机引线,及输出侧接触器是否缺相;
3.检查旋转编码器接线,确认每转脉冲数设置正确;
4.不带载调谐的时候,检查抱闸是否张开;
5.同步机带载调谐时是否没有完成调谐即松开了检修运行按钮;
E20:旋转编码器故障
故障级别:5
故障原因:
1.旋转编码器型号是否匹配;
2.旋转编码器连线错误;
故障原因:控制板冗余判断,逻辑异常故障解决方案
请与代理商或厂家联系,更换控制板
E35:井道自学习数据异常故障级别:4故障原因:
1.启动时不在最底层;
2.连续运行超过45秒无平层信号输入;
3.楼层间隔太小;
4.测量过程的最大层站数与设定值不一致;
5.楼层脉冲记录异常;
6.电梯自学习时系统不是检修状态;
14.检查编码器安装是否可靠,旋转轴是否与电机轴连接牢靠,高速运行中是否平稳;

最新三菱电机中央空调故障代码

最新三菱电机中央空调故障代码

最新最全三菱电机中央空调故障代码聚信口碑网整理汇总三菱电机中央空调故障代码大全,E1 :操纵开关线断,空内机电路板坏。

E2 :空内地位编号反复/空内板坏E3 :无对应的室外机号码表里信号线断E4 :室内机号定不准确(设了48 或49 )E5 :表里通信非常。

外机板坏。

E6 :室内机热交流器热敏电阻坏,内机板坏。

E7 :室内机吸气敏电阻坏,内机板坏。

E8 :室内机热交流器温度高(暖气),内机热交流器热敏电阻短路E10 :操纵开关多台控制时次数过多E31 :室外机号码反复,外机板坏E32 :反相成缺相,外机板坏E33 :主机机过流。

缺相,外机板坏。

E34 :52C的低级缺T相,E35 :外机温度过高,外机热敏电阻短路,外机短路。

E36 主机机出口冷管温度过高E38 :室外机气温热敏电阻不良‘E39 :主机机出口冷管温度热敏电阻不良E40 :主机机高压过高。

uA 。

室外与室内装置不配或序号差别。

uf .电路接纳头有故障聚信口碑网整理汇总三菱电机中央空调故障代码大全自我诊断功用实用与SRF50HC SRFD50HC SRF60HC SRFD60HC型号三菱重工空调非常表现内容运转灯诊断暗号(室内机表现部分的室温表现处)室内机吸气热敏电阻非常闪亮(2次/8秒)07室内机热交流器电阻非常闪亮(2次/8秒)06室外机非常闪亮(2次/8秒)59有线遥控器通信非常闪亮(2次/8秒)00控制单块通信非常闪亮(2次/8秒)00*开机三无,(既不制冷.不启动,电源指示灯不亮)。

*电源指示灯亮(不制冷,遥控不起作用三菱空调维修。

)。

*按键不灵(按键没反响,一般按键不起作用。

)*声响不正常(内机声响大,外机声响大等)*开机就主动保护停机(不制冷,室内机有风。

)*开机主机机不启动(不制冷,但表里风机工作正常)*无纪律主动关机(开机后不久温度达不到就主动关机)*制冷不绝机(室内温度过低)*开机后机器内有异响(机内有吱吱响声)*不可以遥控(遥控器不起作用,或敏捷度不高)*机器运转正常,但不制冷(缺氟利昂,漏氟利昂)*室内机结霜(制冷结果差,或是不制冷)*不化霜(不可以主动化霜)聚信口碑网整理汇总三菱电机中央空调故障代码大全三菱电机空调(SPH)外机故障代码5 E4 L' B# X+ B0 l8 i: Y* T2 ALED1 LED2 LED3LED4 故障缘由u; |( Z4 G. x& u- f灭灭灭灭正常亮亮亮亮室外机主版故障0 j0 X2 v! Z: b6 4 C/ `# v* g# t亮灭灭灭相序不对' w% ?% r7 e" c9 M灭亮灭灭高压继电器动作或室外主控板故障灭灭亮灭低压继电器动作或室外主控板故障灭灭灭亮外环温非常或温度过高室外机LED故障灯0I- * s8 o5 wLED1 相序接反0 o ^& m7 h0 ULED2 缺相LED3 室外传感器非常LED4 63H2功用(传感器) ' o7 A" T0 M% g( ` PLED5 51C功用(压力开关) ; 3 x. P9 ]' W4 V- r% JLED6 26C功用(压力开关)LED7 过热保护! d; d* W$ F8 + N1 e PLED8 控制输入电路非常三菱空调504-304 故障码' P# h3 G* w2 n) q4 vE1 :操纵开关线断,空内机电路板坏。

e33高频变压器功率

e33高频变压器功率

e33高频变压器功率E33 高频变压器功率E33高频变压器是一种高性能变压器,专为在高频应用中传输电力而设计。

它们通常用于开关电源、逆变器和射频放大器等设备中。

E33 高频变压器的功率容量因具体型号而异,但通常在几瓦到数百瓦之间。

影响 E33 高频变压器功率的因素影响 E33 高频变压器功率的几个关键因素包括:铁芯材料:铁芯材料的磁导率和损耗对变压器的功率容量有重大影响。

铁氧体和铁粉芯材料通常用于高频应用,因为它们具有高磁导率和低损耗。

绕组线径:绕组线径决定了变压器的电流容量。

较粗的线径允许更高的电流,从而增加功率容量。

绕组匝数:绕组匝数影响变压器的电压转换比。

更多匝数提供更高的转换比,从而增加功率容量。

散热:高频变压器在操作时会产生热量。

有效散热对于防止变压器过热和性能下降至关重要。

散热方法包括自然对流、强制风冷和液体冷却。

最大功率容量E33 高频变压器最大功率容量通常由其铁芯尺寸、绕组线径和散热设计决定。

较大的铁芯尺寸允许更多的绕组匝数和更高的电流容量。

更粗的绕组线径也允许更高的电流容量。

此外,良好的散热设计有助于防止过热,从而使变压器能够处理更高的功率水平。

其他考虑因素除了功率容量外,在选择 E33 高频变压器时还需要考虑其他因素,包括:频率范围:E33 高频变压器针对特定频率范围进行设计。

确保选择的变压器适用于您的应用所需的频率范围。

效率:变压器效率衡量其将输入功率转换为输出功率的能力。

高效率变压器可减少能量损失并提高整体系统效率。

隔离:E33 高频变压器通常提供隔离,将输入和输出电路电气隔离。

这对于确保安全性和防止干扰至关重要。

应用E33 高频变压器广泛用于各种应用中,包括:开关电源逆变器射频放大器高频照明电感加热通过了解影响 E33 高频变压器功率的因素并仔细考虑附加要求,您可以选择满足特定应用需求的最佳变压器。

FLIR E33说明书

FLIR E33说明书

FLIR E33说明书1、调整焦距您可以在红外图像存储后对图像曲线进行调整,但是您无法在图像存储后改变焦距,也无法消除其他杂乱的热反射。

保证第一时间操作正确性将避免现场的操作失误。

仔细调整焦距!如果目标上方或周围背景的过热或过冷的反射影响到目标测量的精确性时,试着调整焦距或者测量方位,以减少或者消除反射影响。

2、选择正确的测温范围您是否了解现场被测目标的测温范围?为了得到正确的温度读数,请务必设置正确的测温范围。

当观察目标时,对仪器的温度跨度进行微调将得到最佳的图像质量。

这也将同时会影响到温度曲线的质量和测温精度。

3、了解最大的测量距离当您测量目标温度时,请务必了解能够得到精确测温读数的最大测量距离。

对于非制冷微热量型焦平面探测器,要想准确地分辨目标,通过热像仪光学系统的目标图像必须占到9个像素,或者更多。

如果仪器距离目标过远,目标将会很小,测温结果将无法正确反映目标物体的真实温度,因为红外热像仪此时测量的温度平均了目标物体以及周围环境的温度。

为了得到最精确的测量读数,请将目标物体尽量充满仪器的视场。

显示足够的景物,才能够分辨出目标。

与目标的距离不要小于热像仪光学系统的最小焦距,否则不能聚焦成清晰的图像。

4、仅仅要求生成清晰红外热图像,还是同时要求精确测温这之间有什么区别吗?一条量化的温度曲线可用来测量现场的温度情况,也可以用来编辑显著的温升情况。

清晰的红外图像同样十分重要。

但是如果在工作过程中,需要进行温度测量,并要求对目标温度进行比较和趋势分析,便需要记录所有影响精确测温的目标和环境温度情况,例如发射率,环境温度,风速及风向,湿度,热反射源等等。

5、工作背景单一例如,天气寒冷的时候,在户外进行检测工作时,你将会发现大多数目标都是接近于环境温度的。

当在户外工作时,请务必考虑太阳反射和吸收对图像和测温的影响。

因此,有些老型号的红外热像仪只能在晚上进行测量工作,以避免太阳反射带来的影响。

6、保证测量过程中仪器平稳现在所有的长波NEC红外热像仪都可以达到60Hz帧频速率,因此在拍摄图像过程中,由于仪器移动可能会引起图像模糊。

默拉克3000故障代码

默拉克3000故障代码

E01逆变单元保护故障原因1.主回路输出接地或短路;2.曳引机连线过长;3.工作环境过热;4.控制器内部连线松动处理方法1.排除接线等外部问题;2.加电抗器或输出滤波器;3.检查风道与风扇是否正常;4.请与代理商或厂家联系;E02加速过电流故障原因1.主回路输出接地或短路;2.电机是否进行了参数调谐;3.负载太大;4.编码器信号不正确;5.UPS运行反馈信号是否正常E03减速过电流故障原因1.主回路输出接地或短路;2.电机是否进行了参数调谐;3.负载太大;4.减速曲线太陡;5.编码器信号不正确E04恒速过电流故障原因1.主回路输出接地或短路;2.电机是否进行了参数调谐;3.负载太大;4.旋转编码器干扰大02-04处理方法1.检查变频器输出侧,运行接触器是否正常;2.检查动力线是否有表层破损,是否有对地短路的可能性。

连线是否牢靠;3.检查电机侧接线端是否有铜丝搭地;4.检查电机内部是否短路或搭地;5.检查封星接触器是否造成变频器输出短路;6.检查电机参数是否与铭牌相符;7.重新进行电机参数自学习;8.检查抱闸报故障前是否持续张开;9.检查是否有机械上的卡死;10.检查平衡系数是否正确;11.检查编码器相关接线是否正确可靠。

异步电机可尝试开环运行,比较电流,以判断编码器是否工作正常;12.检查编码器每转脉冲数设定是否正确;13.检查编码器信号是否受干扰;检查编码器走线是否独立穿管,走线距离是否过长;屏蔽层是否单端接地;14.检查编码器安装是否可靠,旋转轴是否与电机轴连接牢靠,高速运行中是否平稳;15.检查在非UPS运行的状态下,是否UPS反馈是否有效了;(E02)16.检查加、减速度是否过大;(E02、E03)E05加速过电压故障原因1.输入电压过高;2.电梯倒拉严重;3.制动电阻选择偏大,或制动单元异常;4.加速曲线太陡;E06减速过电压故障原因1.输入电压过高;2.制动电阻选择偏大,或制动单元异常;3.减速曲线太陡;E07恒速过电压故障原因1.输入电压过高;2.制动电阻选择偏大,或制动单元异常;05-07处理方法1.调整输入电压;观察母线电压是否正常,运行中是否上升太快;2.检查平衡系数;3.选择合适制动电阻;参照第三章制动电阻推荐参数表观察是否阻值过大;4.检查制动电阻接线是否有破损,是否有搭地现象,接线是否牢靠;E09欠电压故障故障原因1.输入电源瞬间停电;2.输入电压过过低;3.驱动控制板异常;处理方法1.排除外部电源问题;检查是否有运行中电源断开的情况;2.检查所有电源输入线接线桩头是否连接牢靠;3.请与代理商或厂家联系;E10系统过载故障原因1.抱闸回路异常;2.负载过大;3.编码器反馈信号是否正常;4.电机参数是否正确;5.检查电机动力线;处理方法1.检查抱闸回路,供电电源;2.减小负载;3.检查编码器反馈信号及设定是否正确,同步电机编码器初始角度是否正确;4.检查电机相关参数,并调谐;5.检查电机相关动力线;(参见E02处理方法)E11电机过载故障原因1.FC-02设定不当;2.抱闸回路异常;3.负载过大;1.调整参数,可保持FC-02为默认值;2.参见ERR10;E12输入侧缺相故障原因1.输入电源不对称;2.驱动控制板异常处理方法1.检查输入侧三项电源是否平衡,电源电压是否正常,调整输入电源;2.请与代理商或厂家联系;E13输出侧缺相故障原因1.主回路输出接线松动;2.电机损坏;处理方法1.检查连线;2.检查输出侧接触器是否正常;3.排除电机故障;E14模块过热故障原因1.环境温度过高;2.风扇损坏;3.风道堵塞;处理方法1.降低环境温度;2.清理风道;3.更换风扇;4.检查变频器的安装空间距离是否符合第三章要求;E16编码器故障故障原因1.启动位置故障:2.力矩偏差过大故障:3.速度偏差过大报警,反馈速度大于电机额定速度的25%处理方法1.检查编码器回路E17编码器信号校验异常故障原因1对于1387编码器,对编码器信号进行校验,信号异常处理方法1.检查编码器是否正常;2.检查编码器接线是否可靠正常;3.检查pg卡连线是否正确;4.控制柜和主机接地是否良好;E18电流检测故障故障原因1驱动控制板异常处理方法请与代理商或厂家联系E19电机调谐故障故障原因1.电机无法正常运转;2.参数调谐超时;3.同步机旋转编码器异常;处理方法1.正确输入电机参数;2.检查电机引线,及输出侧接触器是否缺相;3.检查旋转编码器接线,确认每转脉冲数设置正确;4.不带载调谐的时候,检查抱闸是否张开;5.同步机带载调谐时是否没有完成调谐即松开了检修运行按钮;E20旋转编码器故障故障原因1.旋转编码器型号是否匹配;2.旋转编码器连线错误;3.低速时电流持续很大;处理方法1.同步机F1-00是否设定正确;2.检查编码器接线;3.UVW类型编码器,在电机调谐和停机状态下报ERR20,请使用万用表检查PG卡提供的编码器电源是否正常。

默纳克电梯常见三十六问题解答

默纳克电梯常见三十六问题解答

一.问:为什么上电后主控板一直显示888?答:上电后主控板一直显示888 是因为程序初始化不成功导致。

1.断电,待放电完全后重新上电;2.检查主控板J9 J10 是否同时有跳线;3.联系SJEC。

二.问:为什么外招板连接好后还是不显示?答:因为外招通讯错误所导致。

检查参数F5-33,F5-33 bit0=1;三.问:为什么检修运行时外招板还是只显示楼层而不显示检修标志及方向箭头?答:因为外招通讯错误所导致。

1.检查参数F5-33,F5-33 bit0=1;2.检查参数F5-33,F5-33 bit3=0;四.问:为什么从检修切换到正常,电梯不返平层立刻开门?答:门区信号异常。

1.检查当电梯在非门区时,门区信号是否已经有效;2.当没有使用门区信号感应器时,是否已经设置了门区检测;如设置,请取消,设置F5-02=00。

五.问:为什么自动救援投入后不返平层而直接开门?答:因为门区信号错误。

1.检查当电梯在非门区时,门区信号是否已经有效;2.当没有使用门区信号感应器时,是否已经设置了门区检测;如设置,请取消,设置F5-02=00。

六.问:为什么消防返基后不开门?答:开门到位信号错误。

通过F5-35 监控开门到位信号工作是否正常,1:C 在开门到位后亮。

1.如果信号不正常,请检查开门到位参数设置F5-25。

(除使用TD3200 门机控制器外,使用其他型号门机控制器时,F5-25 都应该设置为64)。

2.开门到位接线是否已经接到门机。

3.开门到位后门机是否可以输出开门到位信号。

(可以通过门机控制器监控其信号,或者使用工具测量)。

七.问:为什么电梯在没有任何指令的情况下不停地每层跑?答:答案同上。

八.问:为什么井道自学习后,系统从检修退出到正常后直接运行到基站?且外招灭。

答:可以通过F5-35 监控消防信号或者锁梯信号,有进入消防或者锁梯的可能。

九.问:为什么抱闸回路的整流桥容易损坏?答:由于抱闸释放时反向冲击,导致整流桥损坏。

E33 波利亚的醉汉

E33 波利亚的醉汉

波利亚的醉汉•波利亚(George Polya) 1921 年发表论文“Über eine Aufgabe der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung betreffend die Irrfahrt im Straßennetz.”•提出了“随机游走问题”•考虑一个喝醉的酒鬼,他走出家门在一条足够长的笔直街道上随机游走•他每一步都以概率1/2选择向东走1米,以概率1/2选择向西走1米•假设他只要没回到家门前,就会按照这种方式无限地走下去•他最终能回到家门口的概率是多少?•答案是惊人的“1”!•使用格路模型的一个计算方法:•只考虑“一半”情形,就是假设第1步必定是往右(东)走的–剩下一半情形是对称的•而后原问题的概率就等于这限定了第一步的问题的概率•很容易知道,必定是走了偶数步后才有可能正好在家门口•对于n 1,定义S(n)为经过2n步才第一次回到家门口的“走路方案数”–例如S(1) = 1(右左)–S(2) = 1(右右左左)–S(3) = 2(右右右左左左、右右左右左左)•如果将往左(西)走改为往上走,那么醉汉的随机游步就相当于在下面的格点图中,从(1, 0) 出发,每次等概率地向上走1格或者向右走1格•而回到家门前就相当于走到了直线y=x上………………………………………•经过2n步才第一次回到家门口就相当于从(1, 0)走到(n, n 1) 而且不走到直线y=x上,最后再向上走一格•例如下图•从(1, 0)走到(n, n-1) 且不走到y=x上•不能“接触”对角线的格路问题•方案数:卡特兰数Cn-1………………………………………•于是,在确定第一步的走法后,经过2n步才第一次回到家门口的概率是•在0附近,有•对所有的正整数n求和就得到他最终能回到家门口的概率是1•2维情况:假设城市的街道呈网格状分布,他每走到一个十字路口,都会等概率地向东、南、西、北任意走一格,那么他最终能回到家门口的概率还是1•3维情况,他最终能回到家门口的概率只是0.34•之后随着维度增加,回到出发点的概率变得越来越低:维数最终能回到家门的概率3 33.77%4 19.32%5 13.52%6 10.47%7 8.58%8 7.29%9 6.34%10 5.62%波利亚的醉汉•最后要说明的问题是:明明他可以一直往东头也不回地走下去的!为什么他最终能回到家门口的概率是“1”?•换言之,什么叫做他可以“以概率1(with probability one)”回到家?•这是因为——概率1不等于必然,概率0也不等于不可能11。

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Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note Ⅰ. 听录音,根据所听内容选择正确答案听第1~3段对话,分别完成第1~3题1. What does the man prefer to eat?A. Vegetables.B. Eggs.C. Meat.2. Where’s the man?A. In a meeting-room.B. In an office.C. In a classroom.3. Why did the man buy a radio?A. He can listen to the songs over it.B. He can listen to the English programs.C. He can listen to the news over it.听第4段对话,完成第4~6题4. Where was corn first grown?A. In Europe.B. In America.C. In China.5. When did corn become popular in China?A. By 1555.B. In 450 B.C. C. In the 17th century.6. Why can corn be grown in the hills?A. Because the soil is rich in the hills.B. Because it doesn’t need too much water.C. Because it doesn’t need too much soil.听第5段对话,完成第7~9题7. Who is going to give the talk?A. A professor from Peking University.B. An old worker from a factory.C. An English teacher in their school.8. What time will the talk start?A. 2:30 p.m.B. 3:00 p.m.C. 2:00 p.m.9. Where is the talk going to be given?A. On the playground.B. In the teaching building.C. In the office building.听第6段听力材料,完成第10~12题10. How long has the speaker been in China now?A. For half a year.B. For two weeks.C. For two months.11. Why did the speaker come to China?A. To go on with his studies.B. To travel all over China.C. To visit his parents.12. What’s the trouble with the speaker?A. He has some trouble with his lessons.B. He has some trouble with his ears.C. He has some trouble with his mouth.Ⅱ. 单项选择,从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳答案完成句子1. At an early age, he lost his parents, so he was ________ by his uncle.A. taken upB. brought upC. sent upD. looked up2. I wonder if you mind me ________ a few questions about the earthquake.A. askB. to askC. askingD. asked3. I was ________ through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.A. wanderingB. jumpingC. wonderingD. racing4. It was completely by ________ that I got to know her when I was at college, studying English.A. incidentB. eventC. matterD. accident5. Although she dressed up, she was ________ by her fans the moment she came out.A. spottedB. foundC. knownD. seen6. Soon after the police sought ________ a spy in the house, they handed him to the judge.A. forB. outC. /D. after7. Most of his novels _________ in his childhood world are very moving.A. basedB. setC. putD. taken8. Weather ________, we’ll go outing next week.A. permitsB. permittedC. permittingD. to permit9. ________ at someone means looking at someone for time.A. LookingB. GlaringC. StaringD. Glancing10. His composition is really good enough. D on’t find ________ with it.A. mistakeB. errorC. wrongD. faultⅢ. 填入适当的词补全句子,使其与所给句子的意思相同或相近1. They spent much money in building houses for the victims of the earthquake.They spent ________ ________ sum ________ money in building houses for the victims of the earthquake.2. A number of factors account for the differences between the two scores.A number of factors ________ ________ the differences between the two scores.3. He has collected enough money to pay for his ticket to America.He has ________ enough money to pay for his ________ to America.4. We dare not risk climbing up the cliff, for it is too slippery.We dare not ________ ________ ________ to climb up the cliff, for it is too slippery.5. When his parents found him at the railway station fortnight later, he was badly dressed.When his parents found him at the railway station fortnight later, he was ________________.Ⅳ. 根据所给汉语提示,用括号内所给词的正确形式完成句子1. He has to ask for more desks ______________(相同的)to seat the new comers. (same)2. There is some doubt _______________(至于这个消息是否正确).(as for)3. If you have any questions to ask me, please ____________(直接问吧).(ahead)4. I’d like some ham and eggs and a nice bi g steak. _____________(加厚).(extra)5. Ted, please ______________________(招待这位先生点菜). (order)Ⅴ. 完形填空Have you ever thought of how to get back what you lost or buried somewhere when you forget?Dreams of finding lost 1 almost came true recently. A new 2 called “The Revealer”has been invented and it has been used to detect 3 which has been buried in the ground. The machine was used in a 4 near the 5 where it is said pirates(海盗) 6 to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then7 to collect it. 8 with the new machine, a search party went into the cave9 to find buried treasure. The leader of the party was examining the 10 near the entrance to the cave when the machine 11 that there was gold under the ground. Very 12 , the party dug a hole two feet deep. They finally found a small gold 13 which was almost worthless. The party then searched the whole cave thoroughly but did not find anything except tin trunk. In 14 of this, many people are confident that “The Revealer”may reveal something of 15 fairly soon.1. A. mine B. ring C. treasure D. map2. A. medicine B. machine C. equipment D. skill3. A. gold B. mine C. sand D. water4. A. hole B. cottage C. well D. cave5. A. seashore B. ocean C. beach D. mountain6. A. had B. ought C. needed D. used7. A. fail B. come C. have D. succeed8. A. Filled B. Armed C. Taken D. Held9. A. managing B. seeking C. hoping D. spying10. A. soil B. stones C. water D. wall11. A. told B. showed C. spoke D. suggested12. A. moved B. anxious C. glad D. excited13. A. coin B. watch C. ring D. cup14. A. spite B. case C. honour D. view15. A. price B. cost C. use D. valueⅥ. 阅读理解,根据短文内容选择最佳答案(A)THEATRE1. Which theatre offers the cheapest seat?A. Halifax Playhouse.B. City Varieties.C. Grand Theatre.D. York Theatre Royal.2. If you want to see a play with old jokes and songs, which phone number will you ring to book a seat?A. 502116.B. 223568.C. 365998.D. 430808.3. We may learn from the text that Sue Townsend is ________.A. a writerB. an actressC. a musicianD. a director(B)A long time ago, far, far away, there lived two brothers. One of them was quite rich; the other was very poor. The rich brother lived on a little island; he was a seller of salt. He had sold salt for many years and had got a great deal of money. The other brother was so poor that he had not got enough food for his wife and children. One day he got into his boat and sailed across to the island where his brother lived.“Please, brother, I have no food in my house,” said the poor brother.“Please give me some money.’’“ I will not give you any money,” the rich brother said,“but I’ll give you some bread.”The rich brother threw a loaf of bread to him, and he went away.While he was on his way to his house, he met an old man sitting by the side of the road.Knowing that the old man had not had anything to eat for two days, he cut a piece of the loaf and gave it to the old man.When he had finished, the old man said, “Now I will do something for you. I will show you the home of the fairies who live underground. If you show them the bread, they will want to buy it from you. But don’t let them give you any money, ask them for the little mill that stands behind their door. Do as I say, and you will become rich.”The poor brother got the mill and found the old man waiting for him.“That it is,” the old man said.“Only good people can use it. You must never let any other person use it.’’It was quite late when the poor man reached home.“Where have you been?” said his wife.“There is no fire and no food in the house. The children are cold and crying for food. What is that you are carrying? It looks like an old mill.”“It is a mill,” he said.“Now watch. Say what you want, and you will have it.”He put the mill on the table and began to turn it. Out of the little mill came wood for the fire, oil for lighting and cooking, clothes, corn, and many other good things.“I t is a magic mill,” said his wife,“Now we are rich.’’The poor man soon became as rich as his brother. He did not keep all the good things for his own family. He gave many things to those poor friends.Learning about this, the brother got in his boat and sailed across the water. He said to his brother, “I see that you are now quite rich, You have a little magic mill. S ell it to me.’’“I cannot sell it,” said the poor man.“It must never leave my hands.’’Then the rich brother sailed away home. But later one dark night, he came back, went very quietly into the house, and stole the mill.But the bad brother wanted very much to make the mill work. He did not wait until he reached home. While he was sailing in the boat, he tried to make it work. “Salt,” he said.“Salt is what I sell, and salt is what I want.” Then he began to turn the mill.Soon the boat was full of salt. Then water came in and filled the boat. The boat went down, down to the bottom of the sea, carrying with the thief and the magic mill.There, at the bottom of the sea, the mill is still turning, making more and more salt.That is the reason why the water of the sea is salty.4. How did the poor brother get the magic mill?A. He got it from his rich brother.B. An old and poor man gave it to him.C. The fairies underground gave the mill to him.D. An unknown man gave it to him.5. Why did the old man help the poor brother become rich?A. The old man liked to help the poor.B. The old man thought the poor brother was kind.C. The old man hated the rich brother.D. He was the father of the poor brother.6. Which of the following descriptions about the rich brother is right?A. He was good to his poor brother.B. He was very mean and bad.C. He got the magic mill because his brother wanted to share it with him.D. He got a lot of salt by using the magic mill at last.7. Which is the best title for this story?A. Magic millB. Why is the water of the sea salty?C. Rich bother and poor brotherD. Warm hearted poor brotherⅦ. 书面表达某外商考察组一行来工厂考察投资环境。

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