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现代大学英语精读5Book复件Lesson10BeforeandA

students should have a general understanding of the different types of social media platforms, their functions, and their popularity.
Preparation for critical thinking
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Lesson 10 Content Analysis
Article structure
Summary: This lesson presents an article that compares the differences between "Before" and "After" scenarios, typically in terms of a transformation or progress.
Simple Sentences
Sentences that consist of a subject and predicate, expressing a complete thought. They are typically used to provide basic information or make declarations.
Organization: The article is typically divided into three main parts: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. The introduction provides background information and a brief overview of the topic. The body presents theBeforeandAftercomparisons in detail, typically in separate paragraphs or sections. The conclusion summarizes the main points and highlights the significance of the comparison.

李红英会展英语Chapter 5Section IV Reading

Warm-up
Dialogues
Writing
Reading
10. Do booth personnel have sufficient business cards﹖
It is amazing how many business cards you can hand out during the course of one trade show. Make sure your team is adequately prepared.
5. Is the booth team familiar with the products or services being displayed﹖
To effectively sell products, you need to have a thorough, complete product knowledge. Too many times,
Section IV. Extensive Reading
Text ---- Exhibition and Its Classification Important Words & Expressions Exercises
Warm-up
Dialogues
Writing
Reading
Section IV. Extensive Reading
9. Have badges been ordered for all booth personnel﹖
Everyone on your team needs a badge to enter the show floor, access hospitality areas, and move freely about. Order these badges well ahead of time, so that any errors or omissions can be remedied in a timely fashion.

研究生英语精读Unit5课后答案+课文翻译

Unit5I. Comprehension Checki l.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.F 8.T 9.T 10.Tii l.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.Biii (略)Il. Vocabulary StudyIII. Cloze1.A2. D3.B4.B5. A6. D7. D8.C9.B l0.All.C l2.C l3.A 14. D 15B l6.D 17.C 18.A l9.B 20.AlV. Translation.1. It is generally accepted that the upbringing of the child within the home is closely related to the education of the child in school.2. Jennifer is the chief of personnel for the New York Herald Tribune, where she is also responsible for special editorial work in the field of public relations.3. It was two years ago that Jeff met Rose at his sister’s birthday party. They have been communicating with each other by e-mail since then; the more Jeff knows Rose, the more he likes her.4. This new measure is effective not only in providing job opportunities for the laid-off workers, but in limiting price increases.5. Similarly/Likewise, they insufficiently treated the political and economic background of the conspiracy.6. Tremendous capital input has met the needs of rapid economic growth on the one hand and has caused the inflation on the other.V. Writing Practice1. (5) Now they scan their list of events and decide which can be used and which must be discarded.(2) They begin by listing the events they plan to relate and arranging them in time order.(6) Before they go any further with their organization, they decide what will determine the plane 2 sentences.(1) They usually jot down all of the events related to their subject.(8) After they have determined the planes of their ideas, they then revise and add any connectors that arenecessary to the reader’s understanding of the narrative.(3) Next, they look over the chronological listing and form a purpose for their paragraph(9) With the steps completed, they have a unified paragraph with the details arranged in time sequence.(4) At this point, they write the topic sentence and state the purpose as the controlling idea.(7) At the same time, they decide what material is necessary to support these plane 2 sentences.2. Comments:A paragraph that has sentences that do not relate to or discuss the controlling idea lacks unity. The topic of this paragraph is “another problem facing a number of elderly people,” and the control-ling idea is “living on a reduced income”. Therefore, all of the sentences should deal with the idea of the problem of living on a reduced income. In the paragraph, though, there are three sentences that do not discuss this particular topic’ “Of course, sometimes they can’t g o out because of their health. Maybe they have arthritis or rheumatism and it is painful for them to move around. This can also change their life--style”. These sentences should be taken out of this paragraph and perhaps developed in another paragraph.Key to Supplementary ReadingsA 1. A 2.B 3. D 4. B 5. CB l.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A.课文参考译文:抚养孩子1. 人们一般认为孩子最初几年的经历对其性格以及以后个性的培养影响很大。

中国文化概况(修订版)Chapter-5

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Ancient Science and Technology
Four Great Inventions Traditional Chinese Medicine Other Impressive Ancient Inventions
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Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Other Impressive Ancient Inventions
Porcelain
• made generally from clay • heated at a high degree • the first glazing color is blue
Abacus
• an early form of calculator
compass
printing
gunpowder
paper-making
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Four Great Inventions
Compass
• shows geographic directions • use the earth’s magnetic field • enables international trade and exploration • denotes eight main directions • helpful for the explorations of Zheng
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Four Great Inventions
Printing
• known as “mother of civilization” • includes block printing and movable type printing • block printing is time-consuming and the blocks become useless after the printing • movable type printing is more convenient with the pieces being durable and reusable

大学英语精读第5册课后答案(包括汉翻英和英翻汉)

每个单元的汉翻英和英翻汉在文档最后5Unit1Study＆PracticeⅡ. Paragraph Analysis1. a2. c3. b4. c 5 .b 6 .cⅢ.Vocabulary Activities1.1) given 2) at a glance 3)fluency 4）Given 5) hopefully 6) define7）looked(him)up 8) no good 9)context 10)guidance11) immediate 12) disgust 13) come across 14)recognition15)scope2.1) washed his hands of 2) given 3) was confronted with 4) countering5) were reduced to eating 6) at a glance 7) took refuge in8) less practicable 9) countered 10) dedication 11) in disgust12) relied on 13) shorts-cuts to3,1) Without suitable entertainment, these young people often get bored and takerefuge in drinking and taking drugs.2) The school washed its hands of the students’ behavior during the spring recess.3) His cruel remarks reduced the innocent girl to tears.4) Many difficult words are out of the scope of this learner’s dictionary.5) The thief admitted his guilt as soon as he was confronted with the evidence.6) The incident should be viewed in the wider context of the political turmoil ofthat time.4.1) has come down 2) came to 3) comes out 4)come up to5) come in 6) came across 7) has come about 8) come off9) come to 10) give up 11) was given back 12) give away13) gave out 14）give in 15) gives off/outⅣ.Cloze1. express2. both3. intended4. still5. where6. personal7. of 8.them 9. make 10. before 11. still 12. before13. fluent 14. while 15. enough 16. on 17. in 18. In19. find 20. who 21. carefully 22. to 23. possible 24. make25. depend 26. than 27. made 28. use 29. phrases 30. above31. on 32. demonstrate 33. out 34. writingⅤ. Passage Translation（省略）Reading ActivityExercise A1.d2.d3.b4.c5.c6.c7.d8.c9.dExercise B1. d2. h3. g4. c5. f6. a7. j8. I9. b 10. e 1. flexible 2. haphazard 3. established 4. land 5. mediocrity6. identical7. assurance8. device9. a host of 10. quadrupledUnit 2Study &PracticeII. Comprehension Questions5. b6. c7. c 10. aIII. Paragraph Analysis: The Outline(Paras.3-6) We are losing this fifth freedom through three misunderstanding(Paras.4)A. The first misunderstanding is that of the meaning of democracy.We think that democracy in education means gearing all courses to the middlelevel.We reject special programs and schools for superior students as undemocratic.(Paras.5)B. The second misunderstanding is that of the meaning of happiness.This misunderstanding results from our stress on comfort rather than onaccomplishment.The stress on material well-being has been reflected in the schools by too littlediscipline and too easy subjects.(Paras.6)C. The third misunderstanding is that of ultimate values.These values have been denied in recent teacher education.The inevitable result in mass selfishness is already evident.(Paras.7-9)IV.To assure our children the freedom to develop, we must challenge their abilities.(Paras.7)A.We can give them a demanding curriculum.Michelangelo did not learn to paint by doodling.Mozart did not become a pianist by watching television.They, like Eve Curie and Helen Keller, were challenged by disciplined training.(Paras.8)B.We can give them the right to failure.We must not give high school diplomas without regard to merit.We must be realistic about failure to meet standards and must teach our childrenrealism.(Paras.9) C.We can give them the best values we know.We can show them what history has taught us to be true.These truths may inspire us to make a “ringing message”that could mean true freedomfor them.IV. Vocabulary Activities1) notion, inhabited 2）denial 3) independent 4) realistic5）passed for 6) consequent 7) a handful of 8) as opposed to9) urged, influential 10) eternal 11) descendants 12) cherish13) related 14) denial, was opposed to 15) haunted 16) discerned2.1) combat 2) capabilities 3) eternal 4) opposed to 5) outstanding6) stake… on 7) no wonder 8) In the light of 9) discern10) paralyzed 11) crying for 12) awaken to 13) consequent14) sensitive to3.1) No wonder that the children are excited, this is the first time they’ve beenabroad.2) Now that she’s got a part-time job, she is financially independent of her family.3) As a charity, we provide food and shelter for people in need, regardless ofthe reasons for their food.4) The depression that started in mid-1929 was a catastrophe of unprecedenteddimensions for the United States.5) Even to this day, the memory of hunger in his childhood still haunts him.6) Robert overcame his shyness which had formerly paralyzed him in Mary’s presence.7) The fall in the cost of living is directly related to the drop in the oil price.4.1) I don’t think it is realistic to turn to him for help. As a matter of fact,he himself is in need of help.2) More and more people are being awakened to the urgent need of combating airpollution.3) There are visible signs that some of the time-honored old traditions and valuesare no longer cherished by the young people.4) Many of us find the notion of a boundless universe hard to grasp.5) There being so many loopholes in the laws and regulations, it is little wonderthat a handful of speculators got rich overnight.6) An unprecedented boom in tourism brought sudden prosperity to the small bordertown, which was formerly inhabited by only three hundred people.7) In the light of this information, that country already has the capabilitiesto make nuclear weapons.8) Regardless of repeated warnings from his friends, he staked all his money onhighrisk ventures.5.1) Early rising makes for good health.2) I don’t know, I couldn’t make out the expression on his face.3) I’m sorry I can’t quite make out what you mean.4) No, she made the whole thing up.5) Well, I have to make up the hour we lost in Chicago.6) I learned from his wife that he had passed away before my letter reached him.7) I think it can pass for silk.8) It says the storm will pass off before dark.9) Well, I passed it on the manager.10) Perhaps we can pass on the next one.11) I think he will pass it over for this once.Ⅴ. Cloze1. other2. magazines3. consider4. times5. answered6. ways7. questions8. offer9. differ 10. for11. themselves 12. to 13 .open 14. making 15. so 16. single17. with 18. Others 19. young 20. private 21. than22. curriculum 23. kinds 24. Should 25. amount 26. or27. charge 28. whatⅥ. Error Correction1. must-----can2. start---starting3. to(which you go)4. (learn)from5. that---what6. are---were7. (as)if8. imaginative---unimaginative9. Inspite---Despite 10. (way)outReading ActivityExercise A1.a2.d3.c4.b5.d6.c7. c8.dExercise B1.e2.f3.g4.h5.j6.b7.c8.a9.d 10.i1. go against the grain2. bent on3. elite4. preoccupied with5. echo6. set in my ways7.on his mind8. get through9. were lingering 10.wary ofUnit3Study&PracticeⅡ.Comprehension Questions3. c 6. b 9. d 11. bⅢ. Outlining Activity1. The most important psychological discovery of this century is the discovery ofthe “self-image”.A.Self-image is our opinion of ourselves.B.All of us have it and we do not question its validity, but proceed to actupon it just as if it were true.2.This self-image becomes a golden key to living a better life because of twoimportant discoveries.3.The first important discovery is that all our actions, feelings, behavior andabilities are always consistent with this self-images.A.People tend to act like the sort of person they think themselves to be.B.Self-image is a base upon which their entire personality and behavior arebuilt.C.They are unaware of the true causes of their troubles.4.The second important discovery is that one’s self-image can be changed at anytime in his life.A.Up to now our efforts at change have been directed to the circumference ofthe self instead of the center.B.“Positive thinking” about a particular thing will not help as long as wehold a negative self-image.5.Prescott Lecky is often mentioned because he was a pioneer in self-imagepsychology.A.He was a school teacher and made experiment on thousands of students to helpthemChange their self-images.B.He believed that if a student could change his self-image, his learningability would change too.C.The real trouble with those students was an inadequate or negativeself-image.IV. Vocabulary Activities1.1) accordingly 2) credits 3) ideal 4) honorable 5) conceive of6) defect 7) conception 8) premise 9) objective 10) lies in11) have borne out 12) induce 13) vicious 14) venture15) as the case may be2.1) ideal 2) objective 3) negative about 4) honorable 5) external6) as the case may be 7) premise 8) prevailed upon 9) defects10) accordingly 11) is not consistent/inconsistent with12) a miraculous 13) conceive of 14) verified 15)induce 16)vicious 3.1) This medicine is for external use ,not to be taken orally.2) It never occurred to him that people could deliberately do harm to others purelyout of malice.3) An atmosphere of warm friendship prevailed at the reception.4) Many women can identify with the movie’s heroine, who struggles to gain respectand fulfill her ambitions.5) He claimed credit for the success of this project even though he had contributedvery little.6) Women are often the first to victim to rising unemployment at a time of recession.7) What he does is not consistent with what he says.8) I will start working or pursue graduate studies, as the case may be.4.1) set up 2) set side 3) set back 4) set out 5) set about 6) set off 7) was going on 8) went on 9) go by 10) has gone without11) go after 12) went through with 13)go over 14) go into15) went off 16) are going in forV. Cloze.1) as 2) in 3) confirm 4) stupid 5) way 6) rather 7) that8) out 9) longer 10) how 11) from 12) sales 13) to14) continued 15) more 16) still 17) not 18) self-image19) certain 20) from 21) from 22) comeReading ActivityExerciseA1. c2. c3. d 4 a 5. c 6. d 7. d 8. c 9. d10. a 11. d 12. b 13. a 14. cExerciseBI.1. h2. i3. c4. f5. b6. d7. j8. a9. e 10. g II.1. transition2. unique3. spontaneous4. status quo5. appropriate6. potentials7. facilitate8. enhance9. rigid 10. break away from11. equivalents 12. orthodoxUnit4Study & PracticeIII. Vocabulary Activities1.1) ahead of the pack 2) priorities 3) permissive 4) be tailored to5)assumption 6) eligible 7) stopped by 8) correlation 9) in between 10) prestigious 11) enrich 12) Excessive 13) the norm 14) rot15) epidemic 16) presume/presumed 17) exceptional 18) took charge of2.1) looked upon as 2) sprouted up 3) more likely than not 4) presumed5) eligible 6) correlation 7) take the initiative to 8) competence 9) tremendous 10) staying ahead of the pack 11) exceptional12) self-esteem 13) carve out 14) involved in3.1) Harvard, Yale, and Stanford are all exceptional in academic excellence.2) Statistics show that violent crime has been an epidemic in all big U.S. citied.3) Don’t you think high school students are being pushed too hard for good grades.4) Rational persons are most unlikely to go to extremes, for they tend to stick tothe middle ground they’ve occupied.5) For a team, the most important thing is to have close teamwork ; the rest willtake care of itself6) We should be as concerned with the development of variety as with the improvementon quality.4.1) Far from being permissive, many parents are putting tremendous pressure on theirchildren to be exceptional in everything.2) Owing to her academic excellence, this Changsha girl has been accepted by severalprestigious, American universities, including Harvard, Yale and MIT.3) Many parents start their children in piano or violin lessons at ever-earlier agesin hopes that they will become exceptional pianists or violinists.4) In modern society, clothing styles change yearly. Some are in this year but willbe out the next.5) More likely than not, what this“new” parenting idea brings about will be“superproblems” rather than “super kids”.6) Young people should be given the opportunity to take the initiative, to takeresponsibility for their mistakes and credit for their achievement.7) In my view, he is so weak-willed that he could hardly give up smoking. To mysurprise, he has easily cured himself of this bad habit.8) Demands on students have to be tailored to their interests and abilities.5.1) looking forward …to 2) looked on 3) look up to /look on 4) Look out5) look up 6)look into 7) looked upon as 8) look down on9) look back 10) Look through 11) looked over 12) looking back on 13) took off 14) take to 15) took on 16) taken on17) took…for 18) takes after/took after 19) took down 20) taken in21)took over 22) taken up 23) take in 24) take upIV. Cloze1.just2. around3. directions4. why5. major6. in7. with8. language9. pairs 10. makes 11. to 12. groups 13. low-status 14. hold 15. skill 16. purpose 17. in 18. out 19. case 20. men 21. where 22. which 23. by 24. from 25. costV. Error Correction1. tried-managed2. (in)the(mid-1970s)3. handwriting-handwritten4. eighth-eight5. for-/6.illterate-literate7.to-for8. parenting-parental 9. between-of 10. for-toReading ActivityExercise A1.N2.N3.Y4.NG5. in the college dining hall/went through all sorts of interviews6. A full-time job supervising student labor in the dining hall7. settle for a job as a bookstore clerk8. mild irony9. a classicist working in the capacity as a bookstore clerk10. It’s about time college graduates from the class of’86 started their lucky orunlucky life journey! Or: It’s about time for college graduates from the class of 1986 to start their lucky or unlucky life journey!Exercise B1. thrive on2. minimal3. persisted in4. ultimate5. aptitude6.plight7. enthusiastic 8. otherwise 9. is/was supervising 10. inquiries11. entails 12. simultaneous 13. desperate for 14.be taken into account 15.pursue 16.prospective 17. at the mercy of 18. recession19. contagious 20. unconcernedUnit5Study＆PracticeⅠ. Comprehension Questions3.c4.d5.b 7.d 8.d 11.bⅡ. Outlining Activity3. The Church banned Copernicus’ book, burned Bruno at the stake and imprisoned Galileo for popularizing Copernicus’ and his own scientific ideas.4. Every age has one or more groups of intellectual rebels who are persecuted, condemned or suppressed; but to a later age, they seem harmless and often essential to the improvement of human conditions.5. Most people have believed that the enormous success of science is due to the use of a scientific method by scientists and Galileo is known as the “Father of the Scientific Method”.6. Rather than the scientific method, the scientific attitude is the key to the successof science.7. Scientists must accept facts whether they like them or not and they must be good at changing their minds because the purpose of science is not to defend their beliefs but to improve them.8. Honesty is the most valuable quality of scientists because it is not only essential to the progress of science but also a matter of self-interest to the scientists themselves.Ⅲ. Vocabulary Activities1.1) distinguish between 2) opposition 3) to the contrary 4) procedures 5) in principle 6）proportional 7) rebels 8) strive for9) Predictions 10) outcome 11) criterion 12) adopted13) speculation 14) banned 15) outweigh 16) formulated, represented 17) ingredients 18) circulated 19) retain 20) pointed out21) condemned2. 1) took his word for it 2) formulated 3) adequate 4) met with5) representing 6）strive 7) immense 8) infinite 9) adopt10) persecuted 11) circulates 12) retaining 13) are subjected to14) its outcome 15) modified 16) condemned 17) suppressing18) largely 19) ingredient 20）criteria3. 1) You’ll buy nothing but trouble if you buy that house, take my word for it.2) Dr. Li has always been credited with being able to understand and sympathize with his patients.3) If I don’t hear anything to the contrary, I’ll come and meet you on July 8th.4) It’s very important to follow the safety procedures laid down in the service manual.5) The new Medicare program puts a high premium on prevention and primary care.6) Children’s comics were banned back then at home because my parents thought they weren’t a good influence.7) It’s essential that children be taught to distinguish right from wrong.8) The number of representatives each state is entitled to is proportional to the size of its population.9) A novelist cannot be a great one unless he has a well-developed insight into human nature.10) More and more people have come to realize that cancer of the lung has more to do with smoking than with anything else.11) Late frosts account for the poor fruit-crop of this year.12) What’s the matter with you today! Everything I say you contradict.Ⅳ. Cloze1.questions2. solving3. out4. between5. establishing6. these7. with8. science9. do 10. in 11. so 12. universe 13. highest 14. dislikes 15. did 16. unpleasant 17. believe18. hear 19. flying 20. breathe 21. age 22. terms23. reverse 24. serve 25. those 26. themselves 27. toReading ActivityExercise A1. c2. c3. a4. d5. d6. Behavioral: b, c, e, g, h, i Medical: a, d, fExerciseB1. c2. e3. a4. f5. g6. b7. d8. j9. h 10. i1. serves you right2. precede3. data4. evaluate5. backs/backed up6. dramatically7. radical8. undergraduates9. plainly 10. deliveredUnit6Ⅲ. Vocabulary1.1. virtual2. reconciliation3. deliberately4. precedent5. essence6. rational7. get to the point8. go out of my mind 9. immersed in 10. cut (you) off11. scared to death 12. lost his nerve 13. Supreme14. apology 15. invasion 16. muttering2.1. awaiting2. lost my never3. immersed in4. alleged5. deliberately6. involving her in7. in celebration of8. ironic 9. get to the point 10. yelled 11. is in need of12. rational 13. fierce 14. squeeze3.1. Because of the bank’s refusal to give him another loan, Morris had to abandon the project.2. Although both of them were ready for a reconciliation, neither was prepared to make the first move.3. The old lady nearly died of fright when a gunman suddenly appeared in front of her.4. Bob seems to have an instinct for knowing which products will sell.5. The organizers of the appeal are reaching out to the public in order to get their help.6. I have an apology to make to you-I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake.4.1. cut off2. cut back/cut down3. cut in4. cut across5. cut down6. cuts in7. cut (Oliver) off8. cut off9. hangs back 10.hang up 11. hanging about12. hang together 13. hang on 14. hang on toⅣ. Cloze1. other2. with3. increased4. for5. last/past6. who7. adult/grown-up8. summed9. in 10. who11. better 12. teach 13. without 14. as 15. view16. generation 17. granted 18. only 19. decision 20. importantReading ActivityExercise A1. d2. T, T, X, T, F, F, T, F3. b, c, e4. c5. d6. 2, 3; 4, 5; 6, 17 Exercise B1. j2. f3. e4. h5. c6. g7. l8. b9. d 10. k11. a 12. i1. fragrance2. knocked off3. cozy4. gasped5. discharged6. furnished7. smashed8. for dear life9. clinhing10. tipped 11. shove 12. scrubbedUnit7Study & PracticeⅡ. Comprehension Questions1. d2. b3. c4. d5. b6. c7. d8. d9. d 10. bⅢ.Vocabulary Activities1.1. dense2. accompanied3. theses4. disorderly5. evoked6. voluntary7. intellect8. in sequence9. deterioration10. distinguished himself 11. deviated from 12.lit up13. over the hill 14. talking shop 15. put…back together16. uncertain2.1. was confined to2. distinguished himself3. irresistible4. accompany5. accurately6. (a year) to the day7. reigned from8. overwhelmed 12. clumsy 3. come to anything 14. over the hill15. broke down3.1. To my great surprise, they agreed to all our demands.2. They had to overcome formidable obstacles if they want to finish the taskon time.3. She managed to maneuver her car into the parking space.4. The manager’s explanation evoked even greater anger from the employees.5. When the doctor told him he had lung cancer, Jim was overwhelmed.6.The new method deviated sharply from the traditional approach and the results were far more satisfactory.4.1. When I was a kid, I was so fascinated with the idea of travelling round the world that I would spend hours in my grandfather’s spinning the globe and dreaming of the places I would like to visit.2. A time bomb exploded this afternoon in one of London’s biggest supermarkets, evoking a great panic among the population.3. Accompanied by his father, Bill went to the police station ago confessed to the police officer that he had robbed an old man of his gold watch two weeks before.4. After getting engaged to Jane, Stephen started working hard for the first time in his life. And before long he distinguished himself as a young theoretical physicist.5. Prof. Stone is distinguished for his sternness. But, to everyone’s surprise, the speech he made at his daughter’s wedding last Saturday was full of wit and humor.6. It’s amazing that so many people are willing to do voluntary work for the benefit of the community.5.1. broke up2. broke out3. have broken through4. break down5. broke in6. broke down7. had been broken into8. broke away from 9. broke in 10. breaks up 11. turn into12. turned in 13. turn up 14. was turned down 15. turning out16. have turned over 17. turn down 18. had turned over19. turned out 20. turned over 21. turn in 22. turned upⅣ. Cloze1. first2. wheelchair3. height4. weigh5. suffered6. worsening7. harmed8. things9. is 10. difficult11. those 12. down 13. hold 14. take 15. if 16. details17. at 18. to 19. books 20. progress 21. conferences22. disease 23. stay 24. law 25. difficult 26. simplestⅤ. Error-Correction1. had-was/had been2. progress-progressive3. (carry) on4. satisfy-satisfying5. apparent-apparently6. the-/7. belief-disbelief 8. annoyed-annoying 9. have-having10. nurse-nursesReading ActivityExercise A1. a2. b3. a4. b5. d6. c7. d8. dExercise B1. e2. g3. c4. h5. i6. b7. j8. a9. f 10. d1. petty2. Compassion3. dormant4. subtleties5. chronic6. impending7. accustomed8. quiver9. compulsory 10. phasePassage Translation(汉翻英)Unit 1Mastering a large number of words is essential to achieving fluency in a foreign language. An unofficial, but often quoted, figure for the Cambridge First Certificate examination suggests that students with a vocabulary of less than 3,500 words are unlikely to be successful in the exam. Current research also suggests that native English speakers who have been educated up to 18 years old or beyond know at least 16,000 English words. And unless you already speak a language like Spanish or German, there are no shortcuts to a large vocabulary in English: you just have to rely on diligence and dedication. Of course you can figure out from the context the meanings of some new words you come across in your reading, but more often than not you have to look them up in a dictionary in order to be clear about their accurate meanings.A practicable way to pick up new words is, perhaps, to read a lot, preferably stories that you find interesting or exciting. It often pays to read the same book over and over again: each time you read it you will learn different new words, and the familiar context helps to fix them in your mind.Unit 21. I don’t think it is realistic to turn to him for help. As a matter of fact, he himself is in need of help.2. More and more people are being awakened to the urgent need of combating air pollution.3. There are visible signs that some of the time-honored old traditions and valuesare no longer cherished by the young people.4. Many of us find the notion of a boundless universe hard to grasp.5. There being so many loopholes in the laws and regulations, it is little wonder that a handful of speculators got rich overnight.6. An unprecedented boom in tourism brought sudden prosperity to the small border town, which was formerly inhabited by only three hundred people.7. In the light of this information, that country already has the capabilities to make nuclear weapons.8. Regardless of repeated warnings from his friends, he staked all his money on high-risk ventures.Unit 3If you started on some venture and failed, do not despair/lose heart. There is a world of difference between “ I have failed three times” and “I am a failure”. So long as you do not hold a negative concept of self or identify with failures but try to learn from them, you stand a good chance to succeed in the future. Does it ever occur to you that those who fail repeatedly are often victims of a poor self-image? Often their failures are due to internal causes rather than external causes. Numerous cases have borne it out that if they can be induced to change their viewpoint and construct a positive self-image, miraculous changes may take place in their performance. Success can come anytime --- at thirty, forty or even after a lifetime of apparent failure. Early triumphs may be sweet, but success in later life often tastes even better.Unit 41. Far from being permissive, many parents are putting tremendous pressure on their children to be exceptional in everything.2. Owing to her academic excellence, this Changsha girl has been accepted by several prestigious American universities, including Harvard, Yale and MIT.3. Many parents start their children in piano or violin lessons at ever-earlier ages in hopes that they will become exceptional pianists or violinists.4. In modern society, clothing styles change yearly. Some are in this year but will be out the next.5. More likely than not, what this “new” parenting idea brings about will be “super problems” rather than “super kids”.6. Young people should be given the opportunity to take the initiative, to take responsibility for their mistakes and credit for their achievements.7. In my view, he is so weak-willed that he could hardly give up smoking. To my surprise, he has easily cured himself of this bad habit.8. Demands on students have to be tailored to their interests and abilities.Unit 5Scientists are a small group of people who strive to gain insights into nature, seeking order in seeming disorder. They are credited with a special ability to think and analyze, and with infinite patience in making observations and collecting data. But ability and patience do not account for all scientific discoveries, which often have。

FLUKE43B用户手册

FLUKE43B用户手册Table of ContentsChapter Title PageInstalling FlukeView ...................................................... 1-1 Installing the FlukeView Software..................................... 1-1 Running the FlukeView Software ...................................... 1-1 Connecting the Power Quality Analyzer ............................ 1-2 Using FlukeView ............................................................ 2-3 Using Online Help .............................................................. 2-3 Introducing the FlukeView Software ................................. 2-4 Instrument Screens ......................................................... 2-5 Waveforms ..................................................................... 2-6 Harmonics ...................................................................... 2-7 Readings ......................................................................... 2-8 Instrument Setups........................................................... 2-9 Creating a Test Report........................................................ 2-10 Documenting Screens ......................................................... 2-12 Displaying an Instrument Screen on the PC................... 2-12 Inserting Screens into a Document................................. 2-13 Analyzing Waveforms ........................................................ 2-14 Displaying Waveforms on the PC.................................. 2-14 Zooming In and Out on a Waveform ............................. 2-16 Scaling a Waveform....................................................... 2-16 Analyzing Harmonics ......................................................... 2-17 Displaying Harmonics on the PC ................................... 2-17 Zooming In and Out on Harmonics................................ 2-19 Scaling Harmonics ......................................................... 2-19 Logging Readings............................................................... 2-20 Graphing Harmonics from the Fluke 43B...................... 2-20 GraphingReadings......................................................... 2-21 Inserting Readings into a Spreadsheet ........................... 2-24 Transferring Instrument Setups .......................................... 2-25 Printing Windows ............................................................... 2-26 Saving Windows to a File................................................... 2-28 Optically Isolated RS-232 Interface (optional) ............. A-29 Interface Connections ......................................................... A-29 Interface Specifications ...................................................... A-30 Interface Cable.................................................................... A-31 Warranty ............................................................................. A-32 表的内容章标题页安装flukeview ......................................................1-1安装flukeview软件.....................................1-1运行flukeview软件......................................1-1连接电源质量分析仪............................1-2使用flukeview ............................................................2-3 使用在线帮助..............................................................2-3 介绍flukeview软件.................................2-4仪器的屏幕.........................................................2-5波形.....................................................................2-6谐波......................................................................2-7 .........................................................................读数2-8仪器设置...........................................................2-9创建一个测试报告........................................................2-10 .........................................................记录屏幕2-12在电脑屏幕...................显示仪2-12插入到文档中.................................屏幕2-13分析波形........................................................2-14在PC机上显示的波形..................................2-14放大和缩小对波形.............................2-16缩放波形.......................................................2-16谐波分析.........................................................第2-17在PC ...................................显示谐波第2-17放大和缩小的谐波................................2-19谐波.........................................................缩放2-19 ...............................................................测井读数2图谐波福禄克43B (2).........................................................图形读数2-21插入数据到一个电子表格...........................第2-24将仪器设置..........................................2-25Windows ...............................................................印刷2-26 保存到一个文件...................................................窗户2-28 光隔离RS-232接口（可选）.............A-29接口的连接.........................................................A-29 ......................................................接口规范分离接口电缆....................................................................A - 31 保修.............................................................................一个32Chapter 1Installing FlukeViewInstalling the FlukeView SoftwareFlukeView?software offers you simple mouse-controlled tools to work with your Power Quality Analyzer.The setup program installs th e FlukeView software on PC’s running Windows 95, 98, ME (Millennium Edition), NT 4, 2000. To install FlukeView, insert the CD ROM into the CD ROM drive, or insert the first floppy into the appropriate floppy disk drive and run SETUP.The setup program starts up and prompts you for information to complete the installation.Running the FlukeView SoftwareChoose from Start - Programs - FlukeView–Power Quality Analyzer 2.0 Englishto runthe FlukeView software.Choose from Start - Programs - FlukeView-Power Quality Analyzer 2.0 English tocreate a test report in Word.NoteTo use the QREPORT template, copy the fileQREPORT.DOT to your Word template directory (orfolder).1章安装flukeview安装flukeview软件flukeview?软件为您提供简单的鼠标控制的工具你的电能质量分析仪的工作。

人教版(2019)高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit5 Reading for Writing

Read the article and put A-E in the correct place in the text.
A Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die
A. An argumentative essay
B. An narrative essay
C. A hospital leaflet
C. A blog post
2. The first paragraph serves as _________, because it provides the background information for the story.
Past tense.
_If_y_o_u__s_ee__s_o_m_e_o_n_e_c_h_o_k_i_n_g_,_f_ir_s_t _ca_l_l_t_h_e_e_m_e_r_g_e_n_c_y_s_e_rv_i_c_e_s___. Then, make sure that the victim is really choking: A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim’s back will often force out the obstruction. If this does not work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until the obstruction is forced out. _D_o_in_g__t_h_e_H_e_i_m_l_ic_h__m_a_n_o_e_u_v_r_e_o_n__a_s_m_a_l_l_c_h_il_d_i_s_n_o_t_r_e_c_o_m_m__e_n_d_e_d_, as you may hurt him. Instead, lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again. The conclusion: The end of the story, the problem in Part 2 has been solved. _W_i_th__c_h_o_k_in_g__v_ic_t_im__s_, _e_v_er_y__m_i_n_u_te__c_o_u_n_ts___. You cannot just stand by and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give first aid in school. Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and reacted immediately. Chen later said about the incident, “How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing? We are all humans and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare.”

2020版剑桥通用5级PET考试-官方reading样卷2

PRELIMINARY ENGLISH TESTfor SchoolsReadingSample TestTime45 minutesINSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATESDo not open this question paper until you are told to do so.Write your name, centre number and candidate number on your answer sheet if they arenot already there.Read the instructions for each part of the paper carefully.Answer all the questions.Read the instructions on the answer sheet.Write your answers on the answer sheet. Use a pencil.You must complete the answer sheet within the time limit.At the end of the test, hand in both this question paper and your answer sheet.INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATESQuestions 1 – 32 carry one mark.PV2 500/2414/0 Copyright © UCLES 2018 Cambridge English Entry Level Certificate in ESOL International (Entry 3)2Part 1Questions 1 – 5For each question, choose the correct answer.1A All campers must reserve a place in advance.B Groups bigger than four are not allowed onthis site.C Groups of more than three should contactthe campsite before arriving.2A Those who don’t pay punctually won’t beable to go to Oxford.B There are very few places left on the Oxfordtrip.C This is the last chance for students toregister for the Oxford trip.3A You must have signed permission to takepart in sports day.B You have to limit the number of sports dayraces you take part in.C You need to write your name here to getmore information about sports day.3 Turn over ►4A It is essential to have more actors even ifthey haven’t acted before.B It is important for all actors to have trainingbefore being involved in the play.C It is necessary to find a new director to trainthe actors.5A Students must write detailed notes on thisweek’s experiment.B Students should check that their work lastterm was done accurately.C Students need to look at previous work whiledoing an experiment.Part 2Questions 6 – 10For each question, choose the correct answer.The young people below all want to do a cycling course during their school holidays. On the opposite page there are descriptions of eight cycling courses.Decide which course would be the most suitable for the people below.6 Nancy is fourteen and cycles quite well. She needs to learn how to cycle safely from her home to school on busy city roads. She’s only free at the weekends.7 Markus is an excellent cyclist and he wants the excitement of riding on countryside and woodland tracks. He’d also like to learn more about looking after his bike. He can’t attend a morning course.8 Ellie is nine and knows how to ride her bike, but isn’t confident about starting and stopping. She’d love to meet other cyclists with a similar ability and have fun with them.9 Leo can’t cycle yet, and wants to learn on his own with the teacher. He’d prefer a course with sessions twice a week. He’d also like some practical information about cycling clothes and equipment.10 Josh is eleven and a skilled cyclist. He’s keen to learn to do exciting cycling tricks in a safe environment. He’d like to be with people of a similar age.4Cycling CoursesA Two Wheels Good!Mountains! Rivers! Forests!Our ‘off-road’ course offers you thechance to get out of the city. You’llneed very good cycling skills andconfidence. You will be with othersof the same ability. Expert advice onkeeping your bike in good conditionalso included.Mondays 2.00 pm–6.00 pm or Fridays3.00 pm–7.00 pm. B On Your Bike!Can’t ride a bike yet, but reallywant to? Don’t worry. Ourbeginners-only group (4-10pupils per group) is just whatyou’re looking for. Excellentteaching in safe surroundings.Makes learning to cycle fun,exciting and easy.Mondays 9.00 am–11.00 am andThursdays 2.00 pm–4.00 pm.C Fun and GamesDo you want some adventure? Findout how to do ‘wheelies’ (riding on onewheel), ‘rampers’ (cycling off lowwalls), ‘spins’ and much more… Weoffer a secure practice ground,excellent trainers and loads of funequipment. Wear suitable clothes.Only for advanced cyclists.(Age 11–12)Saturdays 1.00 pm–4.00 pm. D Pedal PowerA course for able cyclists. Wespecialise in teaching riders of allages how to manage difficultsituations in heavy traffic in townsand cities. We guarantee that by theend of the course, no roundabout orcrossroads will worry you!Saturdays 2.00 pm–4.00 pm.E Cycling 4 UNot a beginner, but need plenty ofpractice? This course offers practicalhelp with the basics of balancing andusing your brakes safely. You’ll be in agroup of pupils of the same level.Improve your cycling skills and enjoyyourself at the same time! Open to allchildren up to the age of ten.Sundays 10.00 am–12.00 pm.F Bike DoctorsHave you been doing too many tricks onyour bike? Taken it up mountains andthrough rivers? Then it probably needssome tender loving care. Bike Doctorsteach you to maintain and repair yourbike. (Some basic equipment required.)Ages 11-19 Tuesdays 9.00 am–12.00 pm orWednesdays 3.00 pm–6.00 pm.G Safety FirstWe teach cycling safety for the city centreand country lane biker. We’ll teach you theskills you need to deal with all the vehiclesusing our busy roads. All ages welcome from10+. Thursdays 9.00 am–11.00 am. H Setting OutA course for absolute beginnersneeding one-to-one instruction to getoff to a perfect start. We also giveadvice on helmets, lights, what towear and much more. A fantasticintroduction to cycling! Mondays andTuesdays 9.00 am–11.00 am.5Turnover►Part 3Questions 11 – 15For each question, choose the correct answer.Play to win16-year-old Harry Moore writes about his hobby, tennis.My parents have always loved tennis and they’re members of a tennis club. My older brother was really good at it and they supported him – taking him to lessons all the time. So I guess when I announced that I wanted to be a tennis champion when I grew up I just intended for them to notice me. My mother laughed. She knew I couldn’t possibly be serious, I was just a 4-year-old kid!Later, I joined the club’s junior coaching group and eventually took part in my first proper contest, confident that my team would do well. We won, which was fantastic, but I wasn’t so successful. I didn’t even want to be in the team photo because I didn’t feel I deserved to be. When my coach asked what happened in my final match, I didn’t know what to say. I couldn’t believe I’d lost – I knew I was the better player. But every time I attacked, the other player defended brilliantly. I couldn’t explain the result.After that, I decided to listen more carefully to my coach because he had lots of tips. I realised that you need the right attitude to be a winner. On court I have a plan but sometimes the other guy will do something unexpected so I’ll change it. If I lose a point, I do my best to forget it and find a way to win the next one.At tournaments, it’s impossible to avoid players who explode in anger. Lots of players can be negative – including myself sometimes. Once I got so angry that I nearly broke my racket! But my coach has helped me develop ways to control those feelings. After all, the judges have a hard job and you just have to accept their decisions.My coach demands that I train in the gym to make sure I’m strong right to the end of a tournament. I’m getting good results: my shots are more accurate and I’m beginning to realise that with hard work there’s a chance that I could be a champion one day.611 Harry thinks he said that he was going to be a tennis champion in order toA please his parents.B get some attention.C annoy his older brother.D persuade people that he was serious.12 How did Harry feel after his first important competition?A confused about his defeat.B proud to be a member of the winning team.C ashamed of the way he treated another player.D amazed that he had got so far in the tournament.13 What does Harry try to remember when he’s on the court?A Don’t let the other player surprise you.B Follow your game plan.C Respect the other player.D Don’t keep thinking about your mistakes.14 What does Harry say about his behaviour in tournaments?A He broke his racket once when he was angry.B He stays away from players who behave badly.C He tries to keep calm during the game.D He found it difficult to deal with one judge’s decisions.15 What might a sports journalist write about Harry now?AHarry needs to believe in his ownabilities and stop depending ongood luck when he plays.BHarry has really grown up since hisfirst tournament and discoveredthat tennis is a battle of minds notjust rackets.CHarry looked exhausted when hefinished his last match so maybehe should think about working out.DHarry could be a great player buthe needs to find a coach to takehim all the way to the bigcompetitions.7Turnover►Part 4Questions16 – 20Five sentences have been removed from the text below.For each question, choose the correct answer.There are three extra sentences which you do not need to use.Planting treesby Mark Rotheram, aged 13This spring, our teacher suggested we should get involved in a green project and plant some trees around the school. Everyone thought it was a great idea, so we started looking online for the best trees to buy. 16 If we wanted them to grow properly, they had to be the right type – but there were so many different ones available! So our teacher suggested that we should look for trees that grew naturally in our part of the world. 17 They’d also be more suitable for the wildlife here.Then we had to think about the best place for planting the trees. We learnt that trees are happiest where they have room to grow, with plenty of space for their branches. The trees might get damaged close to the school playgrounds, for example. 18 Finally, we found a quiet corner close to the school garden – perfect!Once we’d planted the trees, we knew we had to look after them carefully. We all took turns to check the leaves regularly and make sure they had no strange spots or marks on them.19 And we decided to check the following spring in case the leaves turned yellow too soon, as that could also mean the tree was sick.We all knew that we wouldn’t be at the school anymore by the time the trees grew tall, and that was a bit sad. But we’d planted the trees to benefit not only the environment, but also future students at the school. 20 And that thought really cheered us up!8A So we tried to avoid areas where students were very active.B However, our parents did offer to help with the digging!C That could mean the tree had a disease.D But we soon found that choosing trees was quite complicated.E It can be quite good for young trees, though.F We knew they’d get as much pleasure from them as we had.G But at least we were doing it in the right season.H That way, the trees would be used to local conditions.►over 9TurnPart 5Questions 21 – 26For each question, choose the correct answer.This car runs on chocolate!Scientists have built a 300kph racing car that uses chocolate as a fuel! The project is (21) ………… to show how car-making could (22) ………… environmentally friendly. The car meets all racing car (23) ………… apart from its fuel. This is a mixture of waste chocolate and vegetable oil, and such ‘biofuels’ are not (24) ………… in the sport yet. It has to be mixed with normal fuel so that all parts of the car keep working.Carrots and other root vegetables were used to make some parts inside and outside the car. Even the mirrors are made from potatoes! The sides of the car (25) ………… a mixture of natural materials from plants as well as other recycled materials.The project is still young, so the scientists have not yet found out how ‘green’ the car is. They are planning many experiments to compare its (26) ………… against that of normal racing cars.21 A intended B wished C decided D insisted22 A develop B move C become D arrive23 A levels B standards C grades D orders24 A allowed B let C ruled D agreed25 A store B involve C collect D contain26 A operation B performance C display D technique10Part 6Questions 27 – 32For each question, write the correct answer.Write one word for each gap.Our new skatepark!by Jack FletcherIs there a great skatepark in your town? We’ve now got the (27) ………… fantastic skatepark ever, and it’s all because of my friends and me!Our old skatepark was full of broken equipment, so none of us ever went there. But we all agreed that (28) ………… we had a better skatepark in our town, we’d use it. And teenagers might come (29) ………… other towns to join us, too.So I set up an online questionnaire to find out (30) ………… local people wanted. I asked them whether we should improve our old skatepark (31) ………… build a completely new one. People voted to build a new one.Then we held some events to get money to pay for it. In the end we collected half the cost, and the local council paid the rest. It (32) ………… finally finished last month. So come and try it – you’ll have a great time!BLANK PAGE。

新编剑桥商务英语unit-5优选全文

5. A. range
B. report
C. buy
D. supply
6. A. department B. building
C. unit
D. team
We offer a (7)______ combination of commercial experience, specialist art knowledge and high quality service and support. Whatever the size of the project our (8)______ is for all our clients to be 100% satisfied with the end result. Over 75% of our work comes from (9)______ business or referrals.
C. have
D. attend
12. A. insure
B. objectives C. requirements D. paintings
Listening 1: An interview with an art consultant
1. There are five main stages for an art consultant in charge of supplying artworks. The following stages are in the wrong order. Work in pairs and number the stages 1 to 5. Listen to the first part of an interview with an art consultant and check your answers.

剑桥雅思阅读5test2翻译及答案

剑桥雅思阅读5test2翻译及答案剑桥雅思阅读5原文(test2)1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.EThe birth of modern plasticsIn 1907, Leo Hendrick Baekeland, a Belgian scientist working in New York, discovered and patented a revolutionary new synthetic material. His invention, which he named ‘Bakelite,’ was of enormous technological importance, and effectively launched the modernplastics industry.The term ‘plastic’ comes from the Greek plassein, meaning ‘to mould’. Some plastics are derived from natural sources, some are semi-synthetic (the result of chemical action on a natural substance), and some are entirely synthetic, that is, chemically engineered from the constituents of coal or oil. Some are‘thermoplastic’, which means that, like candlewa某, they melt when heated and can then be reshaped. Others are ‘thermosetting’: like eggs, they cannot revert to their original viscous state, and their shape is thus fi某ed for ever. Bakelite had the distinction of being the first totally synthetic thermosetting plastic.The history of today’s plastics begins with the discovery of a series of semi-synthetic thermoplastic materials in the mid-nineteenth century. The impetus behind the development of these early plastics was generated by a number of factors — immense technological progress in the domain of chemistry, coupled with wider cultural changes, and the pragmatic need to find acceptablesubstitutes for dwindling supplies of ‘lu某ury’ materials such as tortoiseshell and ivory.Baekeland’s interest in plastics began in 1885 when, as a young chemistry student in Belgium, he embarked on research into phenolic resins, the group of sticky substances produced when phenol (carbolic acid) combines with an aldehyde (a volatile fluid similar to alcohol). He soon abandoned the subject, however, only returning toit some years later. By 1905 he was a wealthy New Yorker, having recently made his fortune with the invention of a new photographic paper. While Baekeland had been busily amassing dollars, some advances had been made in the development of plastics. The years 1899 and 1900 had seen the patenting of the first semi-synthetic thermosetting material that could be manufactured on an industrial scale. In purely scientific terms, Baekeland’s major contribution to the field is not so much the actual discovery of the material to which he gave his name, but rather the method by which a reaction between phenol and formaldehyde could be controlled, thus making possible its preparation on a commercial basis. On 13 July 1907, Baekeland took out his famous patent describing this preparation, the essential features of which are still in use today.The original patent outlined a three-stage process, in which phenol and formaldehyde (from wood or coal) were initially combined under vacuum inside a large egg-shaped kettle. The result was a resin known as Novalak which became soluble and malleable when heated. The resin was allowed to cool in shallow trays until it hardened, and then broken up and ground into powder. Other substances were then introduced: including fillers, such as woodflour, asbestos or cotton, which increase strength and moisture resistance, catalysts(substances to speed up the reaction between two chemicals without joining to either) and he某a, a compound of ammonia and formaldehyde which supplied the additional formaldehyde necessary to form a thermosetting resin. This resin was then left to cool and harden, and ground up a second time. The resulting granular powder was raw Bakelite, ready to be made into a vast range of manufactured objects. In the last stage, the heated Bakelite was poured into a hollow mould of the required shape and subjected to e某treme heat and pressure, thereby ‘setting’ its form for life.The design of Bakelite objects, everything from earrings to television sets, was governed to a large e某tent by the technical requirements of the molding process. The object could not be designed so that it was locked into the mould and therefore difficult to e某tract. A common general rule was that objects should taper towards the deepest part of the mould, and if necessary the product was molded in separate pieces. Moulds had to be carefully designed sothat the molten Bakelite would flow evenly and completely into the mould. Sharp corners proved impractical and were thus avoided, giving rise to the smooth, ‘streamlined’ style pop ular in the 1930s. The thickness of the walls of the mould was also crucial: thick walls took longer to cool and harden, a factor which had to be considered by the designer in order to make the most efficient use of machines.Baekeland’s invention, al though treated with disdain in its early years, went on to enjoy an unparalleled popularity which lasted throughout the first half of the twentieth century. It became the wonder product of the new world of industrials e某pansion —‘the material of a thousan d uses’. Being both non-porous and heat-resistant, Bakelite kitchen goods were promoted as being germ-freeand sterilisable. Electrical manufacturers seized on its insulating properties, and consumers everywhere relished its dazzling array of shades, delighted that they were now, at last, no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the preplastic era. It then fell from favour again during the 1950s, and was despised and destroyed in vast quantities. Recently, however, it has been e某periencing something of a renaissance, with renewed demand for original Bakelite objects in the collectors’ marketplace, and museums, societies and dedicated individuals once again appreciating the style andoriginality of this innovative material.Questions 1-3Complete the summary.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in bo某es 1-3 on your answer sheet.Some plastics behave in a similar way to 1……… in that they melt under heat and can be moulded into new forms. Bakelite was unique because it was the first material to be both entirely 2……… in origin, and thermosetting.There were several reasons for the research into plastics in the nineteenth century, among them the great advances that had been made in the field of 3…………and the search for alternatives to natural resources like ivory.Questions 4-8Complete the flow-chart.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in bo某es 4-8 on your answer sheet.The Production of Bakelite图片6Questions 9 and 10Choose TWO letters A-E.Write your answers in bo某es 9 and 10 on your answer sheet.NB Your answers may be given in either order.Which TWO of the following factors influencing the design of Bakelite objects are mentioned in the te某t?A the function which the object would serveB the ease with which the resin could fill the mouldC the facility with which the object could be removed from the mouldD the limitations of the materials used to manufacture the mouldE the fashionable styles of the periodQuestions 11-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In bo某es 11-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this11 Modern-day plastic preparation is based on the same principles as that patented in 1907.12 Bakelite was immediately welcomed as a practical and versatile material.13 Bakelite was only available in a limited range of colours.2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-27, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.What’s so funny?John McCrone reviews recent research on humorThe joke comes over the headphones: ‘Which side of a dog has the most hair? The left.’ No, not funny. Try again. ‘Which side of a dog has the most hair? The outside.’ Hah! T he punchline is silly yet fitting, tempting a smile, even a laugh. Laughter has always struck people as deeply mysterious, perhaps pointless. The writer Arthur Koestler dubbed it the lu某ury refle某: ‘unique in that it serves no apparent biological purpose. ’Theories about humour have an ancient pedigree. Plato e某pressed the idea that humor is simply a delighted feeling of superiority over others. Kant and Freud felt that joke-telling relies on building up a psychic tension which is safely punctured by the ludicrousness of the punchline. But most modern humor theorists have settled on some version of Aristotle’s belief that jokes are based on a reaction to or resolution of incongruity, when the punchline is either a nonsense or, though appearing silly, has a clever second meaning.Graeme Ritchie, a computational linguist in Edinburgh, studies the linguistic structure of jokes in order to understand not only humor but language understanding and reasoning in machines. He says that while there is no single format for jokes, many revolve around a sudden and surprising conceptual shift. A comedian will present a situation followed by an une某pected interpretation that is also apt.So even if a punchline sounds silly, the listener can see thereis a cle ver semantic fit and that sudden mental ‘Aha!’ is the buzz that makes us laugh. Viewed from this angle, humor is just a form of creative insight, a sudden leap to a new perspective.However, there is another type of laughter, the laughter ofsocial appeasement and it is important to understand this too. Playis a crucial part of development in most young mammals. Rats produce ultrasonic squeaks to prevent their scuffles turning nasty. Chimpanzees have a ‘play-face’ — a gaping e某pression accompanied by a panting ‘ah ah’ noise. In humans, these signals have mutated into smiles and laughs. Researchers believe social situations, rather than cognitive events such as jokes, trigger these instinctual markers of play or appeasement. People laugh on fairground rides or when tickled to flag a play situation, whether they feel amused or not.Both social and cognitive types of laughter tap into the same e某pressive machinery in our brains, the emotion and motor circuits that produce smiles and e某cited vocalisations. However, ifcognitive laughter is the product of more general thought processes, it should result from more e某pansive brain activity.Psychologist Vinod Goel investigated humour using the new technique of ‘single event’ functional magnetic resona nce imaging (fMRI). An MRI scanner uses magnetic fields and radio waves to track the changes in o某ygenated blood that accompany mental activity. Until recently, MRI scanners needed several minutes of activity and so could not be used to track rapid thought processes such as comprehending a joke. New developments now allow half-second‘snapshots’ of all sorts of reasoning and problem-solving activities.Although Goel felt being inside a brain scanner was hardly the ideal place for appreciating a joke, he found evidence that understanding a joke involves a widespread mental shift. His scans showed that at the beginning of a joke the listener’s prefrontalcorte某 lit up, particularly the right prefrontal believed to be critical for problem solving. But there was also activity in the temporal lobes at the side of the head (consistent with attempts to rouse stored knowledge) and in many other brain areas. Then when the punchline arrived, a new area sprang to life — the orbitalprefrontal corte某. This patch of brain tucked behind the orbits of the eyes is associated with evaluating information.Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the momentis an e某tremely demanding job for the brain, animal or human. Energy and arousal levels may need to be retuned in the blink of an eye. These abrupt changes will produce either positive or negative feelings. The orbital corte某, the region that becomes active in Goel’s e某periment, seems the best candidate for the site that feeds such feelings into higher-level thought processes, with its close connections to the brain’s sub-cortical arousal apparatus and centres of metabolic control.All warm-blooded animals make constant tiny adjustments in arousal in response to e某ternal events, but humans, who have developed a much more complicated internal life as a result of language, respond emotionally not only to their surroundings, but to their own thoughts. Whenever a sought-for answer snaps into place, there is a shudder of pleased recognition. Creative discovery being pleasurable, humans have learned to find ways of milking this natural response. The fact that jokes tap into our general evaluative machinery e某plains why the line between funny and disgusting, or funny and frightening, can be so fine. Whether a joke gives pleasure or pain depends on a person’s outlook.Humor may be a lu某ury, but the mechanism behind it is noevolutionary accident. As Peter Derks, a psychologist at William and Mary College in Virginia, says: ‘I like to think of humour as the distorted mirror of the mind. It’s creative, perceptual, analytical and lingual. If we can figure out how the mind processes humor, then we’ll have a pretty good handle on how it works in general.’Questions 14-20Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In bo某es 14-20 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this14 Arthur Koestler considered laughter biologically important in several ways.15 Plato believed humour to be a sign of above-average intelligence.16 Kant believed that a successful joke involves the controlled release of nervous energy.17 Current thinking on humour has largely ignored Aristotle’s view on the subject.18 Graeme Ritchie’s work links jokes to artificial intelligence.19 Most comedians use personal situations as a source of humour.20 Chimpanzees make particular noises when they are playing.Questions 21-23The diagram below shows the areas of the brain activated by jokes.Label the diagram.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in bo某es 21-23 on your answer sheet.Questions 24-27Complete each sentence with the correct ending A-G below.Write the correct letter A-G in bo某es 24-27 on your answer sheet.24 One of the brain’s most difficult tasks is to25 Because of the language they have developed, humans26 Individual responses to humour27 Peter Derks believes that humourA react to their own thoughts.B helped create language in humans.C respond instantly to whatever is happening.D may provide valuable information about the operation of the brain.E cope with difficult situations.F relate to a person’s subjective views.G led our ancestors to smile and then laugh.3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 28-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The Birth of Scientific EnglishWorld science is dominated today by a small number of languages, including Japanese, German and French, but it is English which is probably the most popular global language of science. This is notjust because of the importance of English-speaking countries such as the USA in scientific research; the scientists of many non-English-speaking countries find that they need to write their research papers in English to reach a wide international audience. Given theprominence of scientific English today, it may seem surprising that no one really knew how to write science in English before the 17th century. Before that, Latin was regarded as the lingua franca1 for European intellectuals.The European Renaissance (c. 14th-16th century) is sometimes called the ‘revival of learning’, a time of renewed interest in the ‘lost knowledge’ of classical times. At the same time, however, scholars also began to test and e某tend this knowledge. The emergent nation states of Europe developed competitive interests in world e某ploration and the development of trade. Such e某pansion, which was to take the English language west to America and east to India, was supported by scientific developments such as the discovery of magnetism and hence the invention of the compass improvements in cartography and — perhaps the most important scientific revolution of them all — the new theories of astronomy and the movement of the Earth in relation to the planets and stars, developed by Copernicus (1473-1543).England was one of the first countries where scientists adopted and publicised Copernican ideas with enthusiasm. Some of these scholars, including two with interests in language — John Wallis and John Wilkins — helped found the Royal Society in 1660 in order to promote empirical scientific research.Across Europe similar academies and societies arose, creating new national traditions of science. In the initial stages of thescientific revolution, most publications in the national languages were popular works, encyclopaedias, educational te某tbooks and translations. Original science was not done in English until the second half of the 17th century. For e某ample, Newton published hismathematical treatise, known as the Principia, in Latin, but published his later work on the properties of light — Opticks — in English.There were several reasons why original science continued to be written in Latin. The first was simply a matter of audience. Latin was suitable for an international audience of scholars, whereas English reached a socially wider, but more local, audience. Hence, popular science was written in English.A second reason for writing in Latin may, perversely, have been a concern for secrecy. Open publication had dangers in putting into the public domain preliminary ideas which had not yet been fully e某ploited by their ‘author’. This growing concern about intellectual property rights was a feature of the period — it reflected both the humanist notion of the individual, rational scientist who invents and discovers through private intellectual labour, and the growing connection between original science and commercial e某ploitation. There was something of a social distinction b etween ‘scholars and gentlemen’ who understood Latin, and men of trade who lacked a classical education. And in the mid-17th century it was common practice for mathematicians to keep their discoveries and proofs secret, by writing them in cipher, in obscure languages, or inprivate messages deposited in a sealed bo某 with the Royal Society. Some scientists might have felt more comfortable with Latin precisely because its audience, though international, was socially restricted. Doctors clung the most keenly t o Latin as an ‘insider language’.A third reason why the writing of original science in English was delayed may have been to do with the linguistic inadequacy of English in the early modern period. English was not well equipped to dealwith scientific argument. First it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world in an objective and impersonal way, and to discuss the relations, such as cause and effect, that might hold between comple某 and hypothetical entities.Fortunately, several members of the Royal Society possessed an interest in Language and became engaged in various linguistic projects. Although a proposal in 1664 to establish a committee for improving the English lan guage came to little, the society’s members did a great deal to foster the publication of science in English and to encourage the development of a suitable writing style. Many members of the Royal Society also published monographs in English. One of the fi rst was by Robert Hooke, the society’s first curator of e某periments, who described his e某periments with microscopes in Micrographia (1665). This work is largely narrative in style, based on a transcript of oral demonstrations and lectures.In 1665 a new scientific journal, Philosophical Transactions, was inaugurated. Perhaps the first international English-language scientific journal, it encouraged a new genre of scientific writing, that of short, focused accounts of particular e某periments.The 17th century was thus a formative period in the establishment of scientific English. In the following century much of this momentum was lost as German established itself as the leading European language of science. It is estimated that by the end of the 18th century 401 German scientific journals had been established as opposed to 96 in France and 50 in England. However, in the 19th century scientific English again enjoyed substantial le某ical growth as the industrial revolution created the need for new technicalvocabulary, and new, specialized, professional societies were instituted to promote and publish in the new disciplines.lingua franca: a language which is used for communication between groups of people who speak different languagesQuestions 28-34Complete the summary.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in bo某es 28-34 on your answer sheet.In Europe, modern science emerged at the same time as the nation state. At first, the scientific language of choice remained 28…………… . It allowed scientists to communicate with other socially privileged thinkers while protecting their work from unwanted e某ploitation. Sometimes the desire to protect ideas seems to have been stronger than the desire to communicate them,particularly in the case of mathematicians and 29…………… . In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English had neither the 30…………… nor the 31………… to e某press their ideas. This situation only changed after 1660 when scientists associated with the 32………… set about developing English. An early scientific journal fostered a new kind of writing based on short descriptions ofspecific e某periments. Although English was then overtaken by 33……… , it developed again in the 19th century as a direct result of the 34……………….Questions 35-37Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?In bo某es 35-37 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this35 There was strong competition between scientists in Renaissance Europe.36 The most important scientific development of the Renaissance period was the discovery of magnetism.37 In 17th-century Britain, leading thinkers combined their interest in science with an interest in how to e某press ideas.Questions 38-40Complete the table.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in bo某es 38-40 on your answer sheet.Science written in the first half of the 17th centuryLanguage used Latin EnglishType of science Original 38…………E某amples 39………… EncyclopaediasTarget aud ience International scholars 40…………, but socially wider剑桥雅思阅读5原文参考译文(test2)E The birth of modern plastics酚醛塑料——现代塑料的诞生In 1907, Leo Hendrick Baekeland, a Belgian scientist working in New York, discovered and patented a revolutionary new synthetic material. His invention, which he named ‘Bakelite,’ was of enormous technological importance, and effectively launched the modernplastics industry.1907年，比利时科学家Leo Hendrick Baekeland在纽约工作时发现了一种全新的合成材料，并申请了专利。

印刷术语英文版

Chapter 2 Creation and Input in Digital Prepress （创作与输入数字印前）Digital Image Types （数码图像类型）File Formats （文件格式）Digital Image Input （数字图像输入）Digital Photography （数码摄影）Key Terms （关键点）Chapter 3 Assembly in Digital Prepress （数码印前工序）Page Layout （版式）Digital Halftones （数字半色调）Color Management （颜色管理，色彩处理）Chapter 4 Output in Digital Prepress （数字化印前输出）PostScript （页描述语言）Portable Document Format（文同文件）I mposition and Trapping （要求和方法）Output to Film （输出影像）Digital Proofing （数码样）Computer to Plate （ctp直接制版）Chapter 5 Offset（平版印刷）Presses and Printing （胶印机印刷）IntroductionOffset Presses OperationStarting Up and Proofing （启动与打样）Printing Process Color on Sheet-Fed Offset Presses（单张纸胶印机的印刷过程中的色彩）Quality Control Devices （质量控制计划/ 质量控制手段）Common Press Concerns （普通印刷问题）A Troubleshooting Checklist（故障排除单）Chapter 6 Gravure Printing（凹版印刷）The Gravure Industry （凹印行业）Basic Gravure Concepts （基本凹印概念）Cylinder（圆柱体）Construction（建筑，解释）and Preparation（滚筒的结构与制备）Gravure Presswork（凹版印刷）Chapter 7 Flexographic, Ink-Jet, and Digital Printing（柔性版、喷墨、数码印刷）Chapter 8 Paper and Ink （纸张油墨）Introduction to Paper （纸张简介）Classifying Paper （纸张分类）Determining Paper Needs （确定文件需要）Sample Paper Estimating Problem（样张测试问题）Introduction to Ink （油墨简介）Properties of Ink（墨性）Ingredients in Ink （油墨的成分）Calculating Ink Usage（计算机油墨的使用）Ink Specifications and Standards（油墨的特性及标准）Lithographic Inks（平版油墨）Screen Printing Inks （网版印刷油墨）Letterpress Inks（凸版油墨）Flexographic Inks（柔性油墨）Gravure Inks（奥班油墨）Chapter 9 Finishing Operations （精加工）Cutting （裁切）Folding （折页）Assembling （配页）Binding （装订）In-Line Finishing （在线整理）Chapter 10 Quality Management （质量管理）Defining Quality （决定性品质）Motivation for a Customer- Defined Quality Orientation（为客户定义的质量定位）Part 1一、Regardless of the printing process used, however, there is a sequence of production steps that all printing follows. This sequence consists of the following steps:●Image design●Image generation●Image conversion●Image carrier preparation●Image transfer●Finishing二、In the image design variables（可变化的）such as type style, visual position, type size, balance, and harmony（风格，视觉定位，类型，大小，平衡，和谐）are all considered. After the customer approves the design, the image must be generated and made into a final form.三、Commercial PrintingIf a commercial printer does not have all of the equipment or skilled staff to perform a whole job, parts of the job, such as die cutting（模切）, foil stamping（烫箔）, or binding（装订）, he may be subcontracted to （发包给/发送给）trade shops. 四；专有名词image design（形象设计）in-plant printing（企业内部印刷）image conversion（图像转换）image conversion（凸版印刷）image carrier（图像载体）lithography（平板印刷）gravure（凹版印刷）finishing（精加工）image transfer（图像转移）Chapter 2Creation and Input in Digital Prepress（印前）一、专有名词graphical user interface（图形用户界面）raster image（位图）single-pass digital camera（单反相机）resolution independent（与分辨率无关的）pixel（像素）interpolation（插入）resolution（决议）lossless（无损）vector images（矢量图）drum scanner（滚筒扫描仪）dynamic range（灰黑比可调范围）bit depth（色彩深度）gray scale（灰调）Chapter 3 Assembly in Digital Prepress （数码印前工序）一、专有名词page layout（版面涉及）font usage（字体使用）image editing（图像编辑）color correction（颜色校正）be addressed to（寄往）workflow（工作流程）an integral part of（必不可少的一部分）Chapter 4Output in Digital Prepress一、专有名词PostScript（附录）flatbed platesetter（平版制版机）late binding（后期装订）film image recorder（图片记录器）Portable Document（便携式文档）digital halftone proofer（数字半色调检查器）PDF Format （pdf格式）photopolymer plate（感光聚合物印版）PDF publishing（pdf出版）。

闪铸冒险家4系列3D打印机用户使用手册

Adventurer 4 Series / 冒险家4 系列用户使用手册中文P28This guide is only applicable to FLASHFORGE Adventurer 4 Series 3D printerContentNoticeReferenceChapter 1 Adventurer 4 Series1.1 - Component Introduction1.2 - Packing SpecificationChapter 2 Introduction of User Interface2.1 - Build2.2 - Prepare2.2.1 - Preheat2.2.2 - Filament2.3 - Settings2.4 - Maintain2.4.1 - Upgrade2.4.2 - Log2.4.3 - Calibration2.4.4 - ChangeExtruder2.4.5 - MaintainChapter 3 Software Installation Chapter 4 Preparation of Device Chapter 5 PrintChapter 6 Q&AChapter 7 Support and Service02050606070808101011121313131415 151616172127NoticeSafety Notice: please read and strictly follow all thesafety warnings and notice below.Keep your work place tidy.Do not operate device in the presence of flammable liquids, gases or dust,which will cause fire in the high temperature generated by the equipment.Keep device out of children and untrained people’s reach.Always use the device with a properly grounded outlet. Do not refit device plug. Ungrounded / improperly grounded / refitted device plugs will increase the risk of leakage of electricity.Do not use device in damp environment or under the burning sun. Dampenvironment will increase the risk of leakage / exposure to the sun will accelerate the aging of plastic parts.To avoid device damage, please use the power supply provided by Flashforge.Avoid using the device during a thunderstorm.In case of uncertain accident, please unplug the device if you do not use it for long.When grounding, plug the power cord into the three-in-one socket and connect to the external grounding wire through the grounding terminal of the three-in-one socket.Check and replace the fuse: To prevent electric shock, please be sure to turn off the power switch and unplug the power cord before checking or replacing the fuse.Replace the fuse: Open the fuse box of the three-in-one socket and replace the fuse with the fuse of 5*20, T10AL250V specification.Note：Every printer has been tested before leaving factory. It is normal and will notbe of trouble if there are filament residue remaining in the extruder or slight scratches on the plate.The device must be placed in a dry and ventilated environment. The distance of the left, right and back side space should be at least 20cm, and the distance of the front side space should be at least 35cm. Device storage temperature: RT 0-40℃.Temperature: RT 15-30℃; moisture: 20%-70%.CautionsKeep the inside of the device clean and tidy. Do not place metal objects into the chute at the bottom of the platform.Please clean up the remaining in time. It is recommended to operate outside the equipment.Any modifications to the device will invalidate the guarantee.Lower the build plate before loading/unloading filament. The distance between the nozzle and build plate should be kept for at least 50mm.Operate the device in well-ventilated environment.Never use the device for illegal activities.Never use the device to make any food storage vessels.Never put the prints into your mouth.Do not touch the nozzle and build plate during printing.Do not touch the nozzle and plate after printing to avoid high temperature scald or mechanical damage!Dress properly. Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry. Keep your hair, clothing and gloves away from moving parts.Do not operate the device while you are tired or under the influence of drugs, alcohol or meditation.Hot surface Do not touch Warning crushingof hands Keep this areaclearKeep body parts awayfrom moving partsAll the information in this document is subject to any amendment or change without the official authorization from Flashforge.FLASHFORGE CORPORATION MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.FCC NoticeThis device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: [1] This device may not cause harmful interference, and [2] this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.Flashforge shall not be liable for errors contained herein for incidentalconsequential damages in connection with furnishing, performance or use of this material.This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright.Copyright © 2021 Flashforge Corp. All Rights Reserved.It’s recommended to use the filaments offered by Flashforge, or from the brands accepted by Flashforge. Due to the different properties of filaments, you need to modify printing parameters when using those which are not offered by Flashforge.All polymers degrade with time. Do not unpack filament until necessary. Filament should be stored in clean and dry conditions.Name Extruder quantity Printing precision Position precision Layer thicknessBuild volume Nozzle diameter Printing speedHighest extrudertemperatureFilament typePower supplyDevice size Printing connectionFilament running out remindingPrint bedRemote camerawatching HEPA 13 Air filter Adventurer 41±0.1 mm(test of 100mm cube)X/Y axis：0.011 mm；Z axis：0.0025 mm0.1~0.4 mm220 x 200 x 250 mm0.4(default)0.6/0.3 mm(optional)10~150mm/s265℃/240℃ABS/PLA/PC/PETG/PLA-CF/PETG-CFAC100-240V/DC 24V/13.3A,320W500(L)*470(W)*550(H)mmUSB Disk/ Wi-Fi/ Ethernet√Flexible spring sheet√√Adventurer 4 Lite1±0.1 mm(test of 100mm cube)X/Y axis：0.011 mm；Z axis：0.0025 mm0.1~0.4 mm220 x 200 x 250 mm0.4(default)0.6/0.3 mm(optional)10~150mm/s240℃ (265℃ is optional)ABS/PLA(according to the nozzle)AC100-240V/DC 24V/13.3A,320W500(L)*470(W)*550(H)mmUSB Disk/ Wi-Fi/ Ethernet√Glass plate××ReferenceChapter 1 Adventurer 4 Series1. Click [Build], and then choose the path to read the print ﬁle.The interface layout may change whenever there is an upgrade of firmware. The functions below are only for demonstration purposes.NOTE: There is no camera on AD4 Lite, This manual uses the interface screen of the Adventurer 4 as a reference.2. File listTap model file：for file details.Long press model file：multi-selecting mode on.Chapter 2 Introduction of User Interface2.1 BuildThe ﬁnished prints will be marked.Read print file from local memory cardRead print file from theUSB stickDetailsExtruder temperature Time used SpeedCopy the ﬁle to the local memory cardInterfaceZ：Used when the distance needs to be adjusted between the first printed layer and the extruder. The up and down arrows indicate that the extruder moves upward or downward.Fan：The fan for cooling the model. Wind speed can be adjusted for printing different filaments.Click OK to save and apply the changed parameters.Check more parameter settings and detailsMore SettingsYou can change ﬁlaments The switch of LED light Adjust printing parameters: extruder temperature/platform temperature/printing speedTapLong pressTurn ON/OFF the extruder or platform preheatExtruder highest preheat temperature: 265℃（It’s up to the chosen extruder）Platform highest preheat temperature: 110℃Temperature can be adjusted anytime during heating.2.2.1 PreheatPreparePreheatFilament2.2.2 FilamentLoad/Change/ManualChoose [Load], extruder will be heated to set temperature, then follow the instruction to finish loading. Note that fast+slow loading is automatically applied, just place the filament in the extruder gear. Do not push the filament into the tube. You may hear noise when the loading is fast.ChangeClick on [Change], the extruder will be heated up to the preset temperature. Pull out the filament according to the instruction. Insert new filament in the filament intake until some resistance is felt. New filament coming out of extruder indicates a successful replace-ment.ManualClick on [Manual], extruder will be heated up to preset temperature. Choose filament length, and choose [Load/Unload].Note that manual mode should be preferred when there is remainingfilament in the tube.The following functions are included in [Settings]: Move, Network, Fan, Language, Status, Camera, Brightness, Light, FilamentDetect, Buzzer, PrinterName, About, FactoryReset.Move：to move the extruder left or right, (note that the noise is normal if it moves past the farthest point of the left side), and to move the build plate back and forth, (note that the noise is normal if it moves past the farthest point of the front side);Network：connect device to hot spot/WLAN/Flash Cloud/Polar Cloud；Fan：to turn on/off the fan；Language：select language；Status：including device temperature，X/Y/Z position，etc.Brightness: Adjust the screen brightness;Light: turn on/off the light on the extruder;FilamentDetect: filament check sensor is on/off;Buzzer: Turn on/off the sounds of device startup and screen click;PrinterName: User can name the device;About: information of this device;FactoryReset: this device is restored to factory setting.2.4.1 UpgradeWhen the device is connected to the network, it will be prompted to upgrade when the new firmware is released;2.4.2 LogWhen the equipment has abnormal movements, the problem can be fed back to the official after-sales team of Flashforge by copying the log.2.4 MaintainCamera: Remote monitoring. Turnon the camera during printing, andturn on time-lapse, and time-lapsevideo can be recorded in thememory disk; it can be found in[Pictures]; choose [Take Pic], thelive scene is saved as images;MaintainUpgradeLogCalibrationChangeExtruderMaintainNormal Mode ：extruder calibration and 9-point leveling offset are included.Click on [Normal Mode] to start pre-calibration. The first point is to calibrate the initial distance between the extruder and the platform. Click on the up and down arrows to adjust the Z-axis deviation value. You can also sense if there is slight resistance bypulling A4 paper between them to decide the appropriate distance. In general, no further adjustment is needed. If large size model still cannot be printed after extruder calibra-tion, or failure occurs due to uneven platform, please finish 9-point leveling by calibrat-ing all 9 points. After calibration, the software will automatically calculate a mean value for compensation; when calibrating each point, the user can also adjust the z-axis deviation by clicking the up and down arrows; after compensation, the value can be calculated and applied.2.4.3 CalibrationIt is necessary to calibrate the distance between the nozzle and the platform after the first use or replacement of the nozzle;Expert mode ：Expert mode is for experienced users to directly calibrate the distance.Click to make extruder move upwards，Click to make extruder move down-wards.After installing a new nozzle, please set the compensation value according to thetemperature the replaced nozzle adopts to; the actual deviation range of the extruder: -10 ~ 30. Click [next] to enter the extruder selection interface. Select the new nozzle to be installed and the maximum temperature during preheating will be set according to the selected nozzle. Please ensure that the installed nozzle is the same as the selected nozzle type, and click [Complete] to return to the maintenance interface.if a different nozzle is replaced, the default maximum temperature ofpreheating will change to the temperature of the replaced nozzle.2.4.4 ChangeExtruderIn case of errors or unclear operation, please check and operate according to the maintenance suggestions first.2.4.5 MaintainThe equipment has been leveled and calibrated beforedelivery, but due to transportation or other influences,the distance between nozzle and platform may change.It is recommended to conduct [Calibration] afterunpacking.This step is optional, please refer to the interfacefunction introduction before operation.Find the FlashPrint installation package in the USB disk and select the version corresponding to your system to install.Or you can download it from https:///download-center.Chapter 3 Software InstallationChapter 4 Preparation of Device1.Connect to power.Chapter 5 Print2. Load Filament: open the filament cover on the right side, insert the filament into the filament intake, push filament into the feeding wheel until some resistance is felt. Please make sure filaments are in the feeding wheel. Tap[Prepare]-[Filament]-[Load]. Follow the instruction, filament coming out of thenozzle indicates a success.Import stl or obj file into the slicer; after slicing, the printer will heat up and start printing automatically.Method 2: USB DeviceFiles can be read in USB disk. Insert USB disk and select the files to print.3.Model File TransferMethod 1: Wi-Fi ConnectionTap [Settings]-[Network]-[WIFI], operate according to the instruction. OpenFlashPrint, click [Print], then click [Machine Type], select [FlashForge Adventurer 4 / 4 Lite]. You can try to enter the IP address or scan it automatically. The IP address can be viewed in [settings] - [about].When the user wants to usethe browser to view images,the printer and PC must bein an intranet (that is, theprinter and PC connect tothe same router).Polar CloudRegister the Polar Cloud account in https://.Inquire Polar Cloud PIN code. Turn on the Polar Cloud switch and enter account number and PIN after connecting Adventurer 4 / 4 Lite to network.（2）Click [My Printer] - [Add Printer].Fill in the registration number (Registration Code) on page and name the printer. After clicking OK, the information will appear in the FlashCloud interface of the printer.Method 3: CloudFlashCloud（1）Open FlashCloud website (https:) to register an account. After the mailbox is activated, you can log in and use it; after logging in.4.Model RemovalAdventurer 4: Take out the removable build plate, and bend the plate to get the modelAdventurer 4 Lite : Use the Scraper to take out the modelNozzle and build plate are still hot after finishing printing, please wait for them to cool down before you operate.It is recommended to take the plate to the outside of the equipment for model removal, otherwise the model debris will remain in the equipment. Please keepthe inside of the printer clean.Chapter 6 Q&AQ1. How to unclog the nozzle?Q2. How to replace the nozzle?Method1：Method2：Method3：Tap [Preheat], heat up the nozzle to the set temperature. Once completingheating, press the ﬁlament guide tube joint and pull out the ﬁlament guide tube. Check to see whether the ﬁlament is bent or ﬁlament’scross-section is smooth. If not, cut it smooth, install the guide tube and ﬁlament back. Tap [Load].If method 1 does not work out, use an unclogging pin tool to unclogﬁlament.If method 1&2 do not work out, please replace the nozzle.Press the left and right clips and pull out the nozzle.Push in the ﬁlament through the ﬁlament intake manually, making it long enough to be cut oﬀ;Rotate the ﬁlament spool anti-clockwise manually, making ﬁlament retreat a little;Press the left and right clips, install the new nozzle. Make sure nozzle slot and bottom of extruder are on the same level.Tap [Prepare] -- [Load], ﬁlament coming out of the new nozzle indicates successful replacement.1.2.3.4.5.Power off before replacing nozzle! No power on operation!Q3. Do we need to calibrate the extruder after replacing nozzle?Yes, small errors may occur because of the calibration. To keep best printing quality, you need to calibrate it again.Q4. What can I do if no filament comes out of the extruder after I choose the file and the extruder moves normally?Q5. How to solve if the distance between nozzle and platform is too large(far away) or too small(that they collide)?Tap[Maintain]--[Calibration]；The printer starts pre-calibrating. The ﬁrst point is to calibrate the initial distance between the extruder and the platform (see Z-axis deviation value). Click the up and down arrows to adjust the Z-axis deviation value. With the help of the leveling card, you can feel if there is any slight resistance to decide the appropriate distance.When the extruder is still unable to properly print a large size model aftercalibration, or when the model fails to be printed due to uneven platforms, please continue using this function. The machine will calibrate the remaining 8 points. After calibration is completed, the software will automatically calculate acompensation mean to compensate. When each point is being calibrated, the user can also adjust the Z-axis deviation by clicking the up and down arrows. Aftercompensation is completed, the value is memorized and the extruder goes back to zero.1.2.3.1.2.Check the filament guide tube, make sure the filament has been pushed into the extruder; if not, please tap [Load] till filament comes out;check whether the extruder is clogged, if so, please refer to Q1.2.Check whether the installation is in place：①Touch the black buckle and the lower shell of the white extruder, make sure no hollows are felt；②Observe to make sure there is no large gap in the joint of the black buckle and the lower shell of the white extruder.Q12. How to solve edge warping and weak adhesion?Heating up the platform can increase adhesion between platform andmodel.Adding raft to model when slicing in FlashPrint.Apply solid glue to platform before printing.Use extruder calibration in expert mode or leveling calibration to reducethe distance between the nozzle and the platform.Make sure the platform is ﬂat. Complete 9-point leveling suggested.Apply extruder calibration to reduce the gap.Method1：Method2：Method3：Method4：Method5：Method6：Q6. Can we use other brand filament which is not produced by Flashforge?Q7. Is Adventurer 4 Series compatible with all kinds of AC power input?Adventurer 4 Series is equipped with a built-in 24V/13.3A power supplier, suitable for 100V-240V input voltage.Q8. Is Adventurer 4 Series capable of turning itself oﬀ automatically after printing job is ﬁnished?No .Q9. What kinds of ﬁle formats does Adventurer 4 Series support?Q10. Does Adventurer 4 Series support other cloud platforms besides FlashCloud?Yes, Adventurer 4 Series interface is open up to all other cloud platforms.Input: 3MF/STL/OBJ/FPP/BMP/PNG/JPG/JPEG Files.Output: GX/G files.Q11. Is the ABS printing safe?ABS filament will give off certain poisonous gas when heated up, please put the printer in well-ventilated condition when printing ABS. We suggest using non-toxic PLA filament when printer is near children.Adventurer 4 Series supports ABS, PLA, PC, PETG, PLA-CF , PETG-CF , etc., which have diﬀerent ingredients. Adventurer 4 Series tests out default settings like temperature and ﬁlament output to ensure the best printing quality. Other brands of ﬁlaments can be used with the parameters adjusted. Because the required temperature between diﬀerent materials is slightly diﬀerent, it is recommended to clean the previousﬁlaments before using new ﬁlaments, otherwise it is easy to cause extruder blockage.Q14. After replacing the nozzle, printer status indicates that extruder temperature is 300℃, and the fan is also working. Why is this happening?Power oﬀ when replacing the nozzle.Q15. The extruder makes out chug noise and no filament comes out of the extruder, what is the problem and how to solve?Load: only load filament into the extruder；Change:first unloading and then loading filament, from fast to slow;Manual: slow loading.Q16. What is the difference between filament loading, filament replacement and manual mode?Calibrate the printer again or finish Homing again before giving it another go.Q17. Adventurer 4 Series starts printing when the distance between extruder and build plate is still large, causing filament unable to stick to plate.USB driver file is not correct. Adventurer 4 Series only supports FAT32 file system, please format USB driver into FAT32 file system.Q18. Printing files cannot be found when using USB driver?Note:Note that the temperature setting in the slicer ﬁle might not match the highest temperature of the replaced nozzle.Errors:Errors in temperature displaying indicate that the new nozzle is not properlyinstalled, and the extruder temperature cannot be read by the sensor. Please plug out and install the extruder again, make sure that the extruder is pushed to the end, and the buckle and bottom of extruder are on the same level. Refer to Q2.Filament has not loaded into extruder, which is most likely because the extruder is clogged or ﬁlament guide tube is not properly installed. Check the guide tube joint ﬁrst, if it’s normal, refer to Q1 for resolution.it is recommended to use manual mode during testing the nozzle unloading ﬁlaments. Not recommended for loading ﬁlaments. If it is used, please select the maximum length.Q13. Is it a must to add a raft before printing the model?Not necessarily. More filaments come out of the nozzle when printing the raft,higher success rate there will be. When the plate is heated, the adhesion between the model and the platform increases, which makes the model adhere to the platform well when printing, and also increases the success rate.Q19. How to connect to Polar Cloud?Pictures can contain up to 10 models, while videos 20 models.The printer adopts fast-slow loading, make sure there is no remaining filament in the guide tube.Q23. Noise in the gear when loading filaments?Open Polar Cloud website, and log in account. https://;Click in Cloud Account on the right top corner, roll down the page to ﬁnd PIN code;Open Polar Cloud on the printer, enter account number and PIN code;Turn on the switch and connect to Polar Cloud.Set printing parameters in the printer. Note that adjustments might be delayed to take eﬀect, or improper adjustments will aﬀect printing quality, please set it with caution.1.2.3.4.Q20. How to connect to FlashCloud?Open FlashCloud website: https:///login.html;Open FlashCloud interface or about on the printer;Add the printer on FlashCloud website, enter name and registration code ofprinter;Turn on the FlashCloud switch to connect the printer.1.2.3.4.Q21. How to use camera?Turn on camera to watch live video on the Cloud；Time-lapse function will take 100 pictures during printing and makes a video.1.2.In expert mode, the distance can be adjusted directly for experienced users. Details can be found in the calibration instructions for expert mode.Q24. What is expert mode in calibration?Q25. How to set printing parameters during printing?Pay attention to the distance when it moves along the side to avoid hitting the border.Q22. Operation of movementWhen the length is not selected, press the button to start the movement, andrelease the button to stop the movement;When the length is selected, press to start the movement, release will not stop themovement until the corresponding length is reached.1.2.Make sure the password is entered correctly.Q26. Wi-Fi connection failure?Please check if there are any special characters in the Wi-Fi hotspot name, if there are any, please modify them and try again;Check your password for special characters, and if so, try again after you have modiﬁed it.1.2.Q27. Firmware updatePlease do not disconnect the network during download or update to prevent update failure.Q28. Turn on the printer with white screen and no firmwareIf you hear the power-on sound, change the screen or the wiring;If you cannot hear the power-on sound, please contact the supplier.When the printer is not used for a long time, apply grease on the guide rail, do it regularly every other month. Put ﬁlaments in the drying box to prevent moisture.If it is used frequently, it is recommended to replace HEPA ﬁlter cotton once every 2 weeks.Replace as follows:1.2.1.Open the front door of printer, and ﬁnd the air ﬁlter device indicated in the picture.Chapter 7 Support and ServiceFlashforge team is on standby and ready to help you with any challenges you may have with your 3D printer. If the issues or questions are not covered in this User Guide, you can seek for solutions on our oﬃcial website or contact us via telephone.There are solutions and instructions to common issues that can be found in our knowledge base. Have a look ﬁrst as most basic questions are answered there. http://www.ﬂThe Flashforge support team can be reached by e-mail or phone between the working hours of 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. PST Monday through Saturday. In case you contact us during oﬀ-duty time, your inquiry will be answered the following business day.Note: Because of changing diﬀerent ﬁlament the extruder maybe blockaded. It’s not owing to quality issue, and outside the scope of 400 hours life. If users encounter this problem, please contact our after-sale department and ﬁnish clean work according to their instruction.Facebook Oﬃcial Group Address: Flashforge Oﬃcial User GroupEmail：support@ﬂAddress: No.518 XianYuan Road, Jinhua City,Zhejiang Province, China目录注意事项第一章设备简介1.1 - 整机介绍1.2 - 装箱清单第二章设备操控界面简介2.1 - 打印2.2 - 准备2.2.1 - 预热2.2.2 - 丝料2.3 - 设置2.4 - 维护2.4.1 - 在线升级2.4.2 - 日志2.4.3 - 喷头校准2.4.4 - 喷头更换2.4.5 - 维护建议第三章软件安装第四章设备预准备第五章首次打印第六章 Q&A第七章帮助与支持293131323333353536373838 383839404040414550注意事项安全提示：请确保认真阅读以下安全提示请保证打印机的工作台面干净整洁。

全英文介绍中国科技-Science-and-Technology

• Referred to as a "South-pointer", the spoon or ladle (长柄杓子) shaped compass is made of magnetic lodestone (天然磁石), and the plate is bronze. The circular center represents Heaven, and the square plate represents Earth.
voyages to the “western ocean”
The four Major Inventions Papermaking
• The usages of paper • What people used before paper was invented
Shang dynasty-bones, tortoise shells and bronze wares
• Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
• Other Impressive Ancient Inventions
Modern Science and Technological Achievements
• Atomic energy • Nuclear and hydrogen bombs • Oil production • Synthetic crystalline bovine insulin • First man-made satellite • Scientific research on the Pacific Ocean • Breakthrough in Goldbach's Conjecture • Reach on PNA semi-molecule • Five-stroke code computer input method

商写 Chapter 5

11
What is included in a counter-offer?
• Thank the seller for his offer and acknowledge the message. • Express regret at inability to accept the offer and state reasons (buffer) • Make a counter-offer if it is appropriate • Suggest other opportunities to do business together.
What is included in an offer/quotation?
• An expression of thanks for the inquiry. • Full details of price, discount and terms of payment. • The period for which the quotation is valid if it is a firm offer, otherwise a remark to the effect that the offer is made without engagement (non-firm). • A supplementary short paragraph to draw the customer’s attention to other products likely to interest the buyer. • An expression of hopes for an order.
Ending
• You are kindly requested to study the above counter offer thoroughly. If acceptable, please send us your sales confirmation for our counter-signature and we will open the letter of credit accordingly. • Your early confirmation of the above will be highly appreciated. • We await your favorable reply with keen interest. • We hope you will agree to our proposal and look forward to receiving your regular orders as before. • It’s hoped that you would seriously take this matter into consideration and let us have your reply soon.

Homework05

1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. Homework 5Boolean algebra and two-level design1. Simplifying with Don’t CaresConsider functions f(w,x,y,z) and g(w,x,y,z) specified by the Karnaugh maps shown below.For each function, f and g:Give a minimal SOP expression and show the corresponding loops on the K-map.Give a minimal POS expression and show the corresponding loops on the K-map.Is your minimal SOP expression in part 1 equivalent to your minimal POS expression in part 2? Explain, using 1-2 sentences. Refer to your Hint:K-maps and observe the loops. (Do not try to verify algebraically.)2. Boolean algebra, dualityLet and be Boolean variables.x y Using perfect induction, prove that x(x'+y)=xy.State the dual of x(x'+y)=xy. By what principle do you know the dual statement is also true?Using dual of x(x'+y)=xy, simplify the following Boolean expression: y'+z+x(y'+z)'.3. NAND/NOR circuitsImplement wx + x'z + ywz using NAND gates only. Do not simplify the expression.The figure below shows a 2-level NOR circuit that implements a function g(v,w,x,y,z). Give a product-of-sums expression for g(v,w,x,y,z) and drawa 2-level OR-to-AND circuit for function g. Assume complemented inputs are available.Homework 5 is due on Wednesday, March 25, at the start of the lecture. Remember to include your (e.g.Discussions section ED1) and follow the complete submission guidelines.Homework Please ask all questions about this assignment during the office hours, or post them on .piazza1. 2.3. 4. Logic design word problemYou notice an advertisement in a campus newspaper seeking an ECE student for a part-time job working in Psychology Professor Zapper's laboratory, and you apply for and get the job! Professor Zapper assigns you the task of building logic circuitry for the following experiment studying the learning ability of rats. The experimenter enters a number 0,1,2, or 3 on a keypad, which encodes the number as a two-bit unsigned integer as the binary input to your A A 10circuit. The experiment cage has two levers to which the left and right paws of the rat are strapped. The output of the levers, and , respectively, which L R will also be inputs to your circuit, are 1 if pressed by the rat, and 0 otherwise.There are three lights in a row in the cage, corresponding to the input numbers 1, 2, and 3; call these , , and ; the corresponding light should be on F 1F 2F 3(output 1) only for the corresponding input number. There is also an output , which when activated () gives the rat a mild electric shock.Z Z = 1Professor Zapper wants the experiment to work as follows:When the experimenter's input number is zero, the rat is never shocked (), and all of the lights are off.Z = 0When the input number is 1, the light alone is activated, and the rat receives a shock it presses only the left lever ().F 1unless L = 1When the input number is 2, the light alone is activated, and the rat receives a shock unless it presses only the right lever ().F 2R = 1When the input number is 3, the light alone is activated, and the rat receives a shock if it presses either or both levers.F 3Based on this description, you need to design a circuit for Professor Zapper's experiment.Design the desired truth table (inputs ) for the outputs , , and .A , A , L, R 10Z, F 3F 2F 1Use a Karnaugh map to reduce the logical expression for this function to a minimal SOP form.Z Draw the complete logic schematic circuit diagram for your system, for inputs entering on the left side, and outputs , , , and A , A , L, R 10F 1F 2F 3Z on the right side.5. 4-bit Gray code to Excess-3 converter circuitis a decimal code, in which each decimal digit d is represented by the 4-bit binary representation of d + 3. For instance the decimal digit 2 would Excess-3be denoted in excess-3 by 0101 (because 2 + 3 = 5 and 0101 is the binary representation of 5). Excess-3 also has 6 unused 4-bit strings, including 0000 and 1111.Now consider a as defined in Section 2.1 of Prof. Lumetta's notes, where the first ten codes are used to denote decimal digits. For 4-bit Gray code example, number 2 is represented as 0011., number 9 is represented as 1101. Other combinations should never be encountered102102Decimal Excess-3x x x x 32104-bit Gray code g g g g 321000011 0000 101000001201010011301100010...... (911001101)1. 2. 3. 4. 5. In this problem you will design a logic circuit that takes a 4-bit Gray code encoding g g g g 3210as input and outputs the corresponding 4-bit excess-3 codeword .x x x 321x 0Complete a truth table showing the four outputs input . Draw all 16 rows in the x x x 3, 2, 1, and x 0, corresponding to each Gray code g g g 321g 0 truth table (the rows must be in ascending order) and use don't cares where appropriate.Draw K-maps for all four outputs x x x 3, 2, 1, and x 0 , each as a function of g g g 3, 2, 1, and g 0 Notice that some input bit combinations are not valid correspond to don't cares in the K-map.inputs and so should never be encountered. These inputs Using the K-maps from part 2, give a minimal SOP expression for each of x x x 3, 2, 1, and x 0. Be sure to use don't cares in order that yourexpressions are as simple as possible.Now draw the complete logic schematic, with inputs entering from the left and outputs exiting to the right. Your circuit should be 2-level and based on the minimal SOP expressions from part 3; you can assume that complemented inputs are also available. Keep your drawing as Note:easy to read as possible; e.g. keep wires short and do not let wires cross.Suppose we wish to include a fifth output E , where E = 1 if and only if the input was . (In other words, invalid E = 1 indicates there was an input Give a Boolean expression for E. You do not need to draw the circuit.error.) simple 6. Programming in C#include <stdio.h>int main(){unsigned int a, b, c, d;unsigned int f;/* Print header for K-map. */printf(" bc \n");printf(" 00 01 11 10 \n");printf(" ______________\n");/* row-printing loop */for (a = 0; 2 > a; a = a + 1){printf("a=%u | ", a);/* Loop over input variable b in binary order. */for (b = 0; 2 > b; b = b + 1){/* Loop over d in binary order.*/for (d = 0; 2 > d; d = d + 1){/* Use variables b and d to calculate ** input variable c (iterated in ** Gray code order). *//* CALCULATE c HERE. *//* Calculate and print one K-map entry ** (function F(a,b,c) ). *//* INSERT CODE HERE. */}}/* End of row reached: print a newline character. */printf("\n");}return 0;}The above program provides some initial code to generate a 3-variable K-Map for a 3-variable Boolean function. For example, for function F(a,b,c) = ab + b'c' the program should print the following:bc00 01 11 10______________a=0 | 1 0 0 0 a=1 | 1 0 1 11. 2. 3. Complete the program above. For your portion of the code at "CALCULATE c HERE", you must begin by ensuring that the variable c followsGray code order and runs from 0 to 1 when b=0, but from 1 to 0 when b=1. At "INSERT CODE HERE", you must then calculate the function F. Do not otherwise change the program.For full points, use C's bitwise operators (&, |, ^ and ~) to perform both of these calculations.Print the K-Map for F(a,b,c) = (a+b') (a'+c') (a+b'+c').Turn in a printout of your code and its output.Hint 1: You may find it helpful to verify the output on a paper version of the K-map.Hint 2: Remember that bitwise operators operate on the entire pattern of 32-bits (here the bit pattern corresponds to unsigned int). It might be useful for you to print the output F to see for yourself what is happening with the bits. Then, before having your code printing F, you must 'discard' all bits other than the 1's position (one way would be to use an & operation with an appropriate value). Again, you may not hardcode the K-map or change the program other than as specified.。

the scarlet letter CHAPTER 5

In other words ,we can say that Hester was against the Puritanism in her way . She can lead a happy life even though she was guilty in the eyes of Puritanism.
ANALYSIS
Thr individuality, she would become the general symbol at which the preacher and moralist might point , and in which they might see and embody their images of woman’s frailty and sinful passion. 她将终其一生都得舍弃自己的个人特征。她将成为传教士和道德家众手所指的某种普遍意义的象征，作为显示和体现人性脆弱与罪恶的典型。
analysissheboreherbreastcuriouslyembroideredletterherdelicateimaginativeskillcourtmightgladlyhaveavailedthemselvesmorespiritualadornmenthumaningenuity她胸前佩戴的字母绣的美妙无比技艺如此高超想象如此丰富以至于连宫廷的贵妇人在给她们金丝银线衣料增添更丰富更具人性灵动的人工装饰时无不乐意求助与这种本领
From this part , we can learn Hester’s heart suffered a lot—the condemnation of society , the threaten of the secret she kept .Others did not understand what she insists and what she wants. She believes that her lover will stay with her forever . she chose to work hard to survive she and her baby. Late ,her outstanding needle makes her popular, but her works only can be seen in funeral .In this way ,she supports her baby and try best to dress up her baby even though she lives a poor life.

雅思阅读真经5(补丁)

雅思阅读真经5(补丁)《雅思阅读真经5》使用说明，补丁，难题解析-----刘洪波This book is underpinned by a scientific methodology, integrating reading skills and vocabulary building, and unveilling the real tests.《雅思阅读真经5》超越了《真经234》中采用的三篇文章一套题的安排模式，所以它不仅是一本真题机经的预测，更重要的价值是它包含了一种培训体系和理念，引导读者在做题时暗合真经派的教学法。

所以我在封面写了这段英语。

【使用流程】我心中最理想的雅思考生是这样准备雅思阅读的：1.先拿《剑桥雅思4-9》随便一本，比如4，模考四套题。

现在我知道了雅思考试流程，内容，难度，自己现在和目标分数的差距，那种题型自己最讨厌。

自己的词汇和语法还差多少。

2.学习《雅思阅读真经总纲》中各个题型的解题技巧，同时按题型修炼《雅思阅读真经5》，并背记真经5中每篇文章后面的核心词和考点词。

（结合文章背单词是最有效的）3.现在我对雅思阅读各个题型的命题思路和技巧都没问题了，学习《雅思阅读真经总纲》中前两章。

了解真题各题型组合后不同的阅读顺序。

再用《剑桥雅思5-9》开始模考。

同时使用《剑桥雅思阅读考点词真经》，结合剑桥的文章复习单词，同时学习剑桥每道题的考点词设计。

4.考试。

5.庆祝高分，在@雅思教父刘洪波上晒出分数，我奖励《留学Super之路》一本，代价是一堆人会问你的心得，你要帮我给师弟师妹们在微博上答疑和分享学习经验，攒人品。

背后的科学理论是：要先练好内功和分解动作，再去和剑桥组合过招，进步感觉最快。

内功没有，单独的招数还不熟，就天天跟人家拼组合拳，我很佩服一些考生的抗击打能力。

在第2步中，考生积累了单词（内功），集训了题型（招数），了解了题库机经（对手）。

《真经5》的设计目的就是如此。