高三一轮复习 专题九 定语从句和名词性从句讲解与练习

专题九定语从句和名词性从句考点聚焦一、定语从句1、基本概念1）定义2）先行词3）关系词关系代词who/whom/which/that/whose/as关系副词where/when/why2、种类限定eg:That is the teacher who/that teaches us English.非限定eg: I like our teacher, who is very kind.3、位置常见定语从句被分隔定语从句eg:The town has developed a lot _______ we learned farming two years ago.4、关系词的选择依据：（三看）一看限定还是非限定二看先行词时表人、表物还是表时间三看先行词在从句子充当什么成分5、定语从句常考的八大考点1）只能用that不能用which的情况。

代高序原则Eg:Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?You should hand in all that you have.This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.This train is the last that will go to Suzhou.②先行词中具有人又有物Eg:Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?③先行词前面有the only, the very, the right......等修饰Eg:This is the very bus that I’m waiting for.④当句中出现两个定语从句时，其中一个用thatEg:They secretly build up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.2）只能用which, 不能用that的情况①非限定性定语从句Eg:Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which, of course, made the others envy him.②介词+关系代词时，只能用whichEg:This is a house in which Lu Xun once lived.3）as/which的区别位置上：先行词上：Eg:The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.As the known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth.David is tall, as are my brothers.4)whose/of which的区别Eg:The book whose cover is red is very interesting.Have you ever seen the book the cover of which is yellow?5）介词+关系词引导的定语从句中，关系词的选用根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配或介词与先行词的搭配来确定。

Eg:Who is the girl with whom you just now shook hands?Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m not sure.He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.6)定语从句与强调句的区别Eg:It was in this house ______ he was born.It was this house ______ he was born.It was in this house _____ he used to live in that the meeting was hold.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there7) 定语从句中的主谓一致及并列结构Eg:He is one of the students who were here just now.He is the only one of the students who was here just now.He has two sons, neither of whom looks like him.He has two sons, and neither of them looks like him.8)定语从句中的固定用法※先行词为时way，且在定语从句中作方式状语，关系词可用that, in which或省略；若在从句中作主语或宾语，仍用that或which或省略。

Eg:What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.A.the wayB.in the way thatC.in the wayD.the way which※如果定语从句修饰point, situation, part, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思：“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。

Eg: I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.二、名词性从句1、名词性从句的种类主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句2、名词性从句中的连接词主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句动宾介宾that 一般不省略可以省略一般不省略一般不省略一般不省略whether/if位于句首用whether两者均可只用whether 只用whether 只用whether 特殊疑问词根据句子所缺成分，选用适当的连接词，但注意从句需要用陈述句语序Eg:The trouble is that we are short of money.He hasn’t decided whether he will go there.What we need is more practice.Whoever has helped to save the drowning boy is worth praising.When he will go abroad hasn’t been decided yet.3、名词性从句的运用※主语从句①主语从句位于句首Eg:That he passed the driving test made us very happy.Who will take over the company has not been decided yet.②it作形式主语It + be+形容词+ that从句It + be+名词（词组）+ that从句It + be+过去分词+ that从句It + occur/matter等不及物动词+ that从句Eg:It is certain that you will pass the college entrance exam.It is a pity that I missed the party held last night.It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness.It had never occurred to him that he might be falling in love with her.※宾语从句①放在动词或介词后Eg:I know that he is an intelligent and hard-working boy.He often thinks of how he can make his class vivid and lively.②it作形式宾语（常见的谓语：make, think, feel, find, consider等）Eg:I find it important that we should keep calm in danger.注：不能直接跟宾语从句的动词有：like, dislike, hate, love, enjoy, appreciate等Eg:I hate it when people speak with their month full.I would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.③宾语从句否定转移的情况(常见动词：think, believe, suppose, expect等动词)Eg:I don’t think your answers are right.I don’t believe she will attend the meeting.※表语从句①跟在系动词之后Eg:My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning.②because/why引导表语从句的区别Eg:I think it’s because you’re careless. (强调原因)He was ill. That’s why he was absent. (强调结果)③表语从句中的固定句式The reason why... + be + that从句What从句+ be + that从句It looks as if/as though从句Eg:The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.What comforted the young mother was that the baby came to life.It looks as if it is going to rain.※同位语从句①跟在名词后面，对名词的内容给以说明。

常见的名词有：fact, idea, news, truth, hope, doubt, suggestion, belief, evidence等Eg:The fact that she is good at English makes her the right person for the job.I have a feeling that one day we will succeed.②间隔性同位语从句（同位语从句与名词之间被句子其它成分隔开）Eg:Word came that our team had won the game.※真题演练1. We’ll reach the sales targets in a month _____ we set at the beginning of the year.2. Please send us all the information _______ you have about the candidate for the position.3. Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quite unexpected.4. Students should involve themselves in community activities _____ they can gain experience for growth.5. The exact year ______ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2019.6. We had launched another man-made satellite, _______is announced in todays newspaper.7. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.8.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ____ lives were affected.9. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _____ interact with one another.10. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, _______ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.11. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.12.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.13. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ________ I would be staying.14. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members.15. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world.16. He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident.17. Many countries are now setting up national parks ________ animals and plants can be protected.18. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2019, ________ made one of the Chinese people's long-held dreams come true.19. We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.20. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _______ help I would never have got this far.21. As John Lennon once said, life is _______ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.22. ________ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.23. Police have found _________ appears to be the lost ancient statue.24. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.25. ________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.26. From space, the earth looks blue. This is _____ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.27. Do not let any failure discourage you, for you can never tell _______ close you may be victory.28. Experts believe _________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.29. It remains to be seen ________ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.30. I made a promise to myself _______ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.31. It suddenly occurred to him _______ he had left his keys in the office.32. Evidence has been found through years of study ________ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.33. We promise _________ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.34. It is by no means clear _______ the president can do to end the strike.35. Scientists study _______ human brains work to make computers.36. The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed.37. I’d like to start my own business---that’s ________ I’d do if I had the money.※单句填空1.I’m going to spend the winter vacation in Kunming, _______ I have relatives.2.What a pity he gave up at the last moment _______ he might actually have succeeded.3.It’s a pity that there are some housewives ________ only on-line activity is chatting with their e-pals!4.It is the third time that she has won the race in a year, _______ has surprised us all.5.That George will marry Alice, _______ has not been announced yet, has spread around.6.In their class there are altogether 54 students, half of ______ wear glasses.7.Our school has developed a learning system ______ students can do a lot of teamwork.8.We hope the measures to control house prices, _______ are taken by the government, will succeed.9.Have you gone beyond the stage ______ you want to stop smoking but you can’t.10.The singing group was so well received that the size of audience, _______ we had expected, was well over one thousand.11.Bears often hide themselves in places _______ can’t be found by hunters.12.As a child, Jack studied in a village-school, _______ is named after his grandfather.13.I refuse to accept the blame for something ______ was someone else’s fault.14.Children who are not active or ______ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.15.Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.16.John seemed puzzled about _______ the question the chairwoman raised meant.17.---I’m afraid I have to give up.---Don’t be discouraged. Remember ______ sticks to his work will succeed one day.18.In my opinion, ______ you ought to do now is to see a doctor without delay.19.The network has broken down and I have no idea ______ it will be fixed.20.I’ve made a mark on the map to show ________ that famous Five-star hotel is.21.It is nong of your business _______ other people think about you. Believe in yourself.22.Think it over and tell me your opinion, as _______ you agree or not is important.23.He kept yawning in class this morning. That was ______ he stayed up late doing his homework last night.24.Actually, girls can be _______ they want to be just like boys, whether it is a doctor, an astronaut or an official.25.We haven’t discussed yet _______ we are going to place our new furniture.26.As a new graduate, he doesn’t know _______ it takes to start a business here.27.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew ______ she was so angry.28._______ is known to us all is that the 2019 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.29.______ matters most in learning English is enough practice.30.。