湖南师大附中2014届高三第三次月考试题 高三语文试卷
湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第三次月考英语试题
湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第三次月考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Cannes(戛纳)is a place that offers lots of different ways to spoil yourself. During the Cannes Film Festival in May, nothing changes, except that there are more people doing this, and that they talk about film. Here’s a guide to what you should do during the festival, both film-related and not.Hotel Intercontinental CarltonThe film festival is a busy time for Cannes. The best way to appreciate the crowds might be having a dinner on a terrace(露天平台). Head to the Hotel Intercontinental Carlton and wander the lobby to take it all in. If you’re lucky you might be able to secure a table in the restaurant. Dress to impress or you won’t stand a chance of getting in.Cinema de la PlageThroughout the Cannes Film Festival, one of the best places to soak up some of the wonderful atmosphere is the open-air Cinema de la Plage at Mace beach. If you haven’t secured a ticket in advance for a seat, there’s no need to worry. You can spread a blanket out on the ground, open up your pre-prepared picnic, and enjoy the movie.Marché ForvilleThe Marché Forville is a must-see for any visitor to Cannes and a foodie’．s delight. On most days, vendors sell home-made fruits and vegetables as well as local specialties to eat for lunch. But don’t go on Mondays, unless you want to browse for bargains, as that’s when the flea market is on instead.La CroisetteLa Croisette is the most famous walk in Cannes and is listed under the cultural inventory of France itself. Stroll the whole length, stop for a coffee, and end your walk by sitting on one of the free blue chairs along the way while taking in the view. It is also a great place to admire Cannes’ sculptures.1．What is probably the intention of the text?A．To introduce French culture.B．To present dining locations.C．To publicize a film festival.D．To suggest tourism activities.2．Which place best suits people who enjoy shopping?A．Hotel Intercontinental Carlton.B．Cinema de la Plage.C．Marché Forville.D．La Croisette.3．What can be expected in Cannes during the festival?A．Attending fashion shows.B．Watching movies outdoors.C．Tasting imported farm produce.D．Experiencing sculpture production.Coming into the freshman year at Paul College, Sansa was concerned about her ability as an individual to make an impact on such a large community, for it was never hard for her to stand out from peers in high school. Luckily, each first-year student in Paul College takes part in what is called the First-year Innovation and Research Experience, commonly referred to as the FIRE Program, an extracurricular project assigned by the institution. She was able to forge invaluable connections with her fellow students and their peer advisor who had so much first-hand experience with what they all were going through.The biggest highlight of her freshman year was working alongside her FIRE team on a Grand Challenge Project, in which every FIRE team competed against one another in the Undergraduate Research Conference. Each team had to create a unique product that tackled one of the five following real-world problems: “Water is Life”, “Food”, “Threats from Cyberspace”, “Medical Breakthroughs”, and “Addictive Society”. Her team addressed the growing issue of “Addictive Society”. Doing research, collecting facts and organizing discussions or even debates were a huge amount of work before they went to vie with other teams.After weeks of tireless preparation, their collective efforts bore fruit at the Undergraduate Research Conference. They earned a spot in the final round of the conference, where they competed against the top team from each of the other Grand Challenge groups. They were so overcome with pride when they were finally announced as the overall first-place team at the college!If it hadn’t been for her group’s determination, excellent teamwork and their awesome peer advisor Hayley, they would not have been able to accomplish everything they did. This experience would be instrumental in her future.4．What do we know about Sansa from paragraph 1?A．She performed quite well in high school.B．She was much more experienced than her college schoolmates.C．She applied for the FIRE Program.D．She had trouble with her freshman year.5．How did each team compete against one another?A．By providing facts.B．By creating products.C．By organizing debates.D．By challenging each other.6．What does the underlined phrase “vie with” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A．Contest against.B．Give way to.C．Break up with.D．Make up with.7．What is probably Sansa’s biggest gain from the FIRE Program?A．Financial benefits.B．Academic reputation.C．Good relationships.D．Competitive opponents.When Jason Allen submitted his “Th éâtre D’．opéra Spatial” into the Colorado StateFair’s fine arts competition, the print was an immediate hit, defeating 20 other artists in the “digitally manipulated photography” category to win the first-place blue ribbon and a $ 300 prize.Allen’s piece offers a clear example of how rapidly AI-generated art has advanced. Trained on billions of internet images, the systems have decisively pushed the boundaries of what computers can create.But it has also sparked a massive debate over the meaning of art, with Allen facing accusations that he had been deceiving with something he asked a machine to create.Text-to-image tools like DALL-E 2 and Midjourney have quickly increased in sophistication and have become one of the hottest topics in AI. They can generate not just fake people, objects and locations but mimic entire visual styles.But AI-generated art has been criticized as automated plagiarism (剽窃), because it relies on millions of ingested art pieces that are then parroted (机械地重复) together. It has also fueled deeper fears: blurring the boundaries of reality or interfering with human art.Allen said his art piece shows people need to “get past their denial and fear” of a technology that could give rise to new inventions and reshape our world. “The AI,” he said,“is a tool, just like the paintbrush is a tool. Without the person, there is no creative force.”Jessica Hair, a 25-year-old receptionist at a doctor’s office who won third place in the competition, said she did not feel as if Allen had acted unfairly and had no hard feelings about his win.Hair said her “Judge, Jury, Executioner”, which depicts a tuxedoed skeleton on a golden throne surrounded by skulls, took 15 hours to create with a stylus (触屏笔) on an iPad Pro. But Allen’s piece took time, effort and subjective judgment, too, and “how do we qualify what is and isn’t art?” she said.8．Which of the following statements can be inferred from the text?A．It is the first time in history that an AI-generated work has won an arts competition.B．Advances made in computer art are not as rapid as the public believes them to be.C．Computer-produced works have more success in some art forms than in others.D．People’s acceptance of computer-produced art pieces can vary considerably. 9．According to the text, why is AI-generated art facing severe criticism?A．Because it will ultimately overtake human art in the future.B．Because it will lead to a sharp decrease in human creativity.C．Because it purely uses existing art pieces as its subject matter.D．Because the technical standard of its output is extremely low.10．What was Allen’s reaction to people’s criticism?A．He fought back like a soldier.B．He kept silent like a victim.C．He persuaded like a promoter.D．He lost heart like a failure.11．What is Jessica Hair’s attitude towards Allen’s award-winning piece?A．Supportive.B．Critical.C．Cautious.D．Skeptical.The streets, sidewalks and roofs of cities all absorb heat during the day, making some urban areas across the United States up to 6 degrees Fahrenheit hotter than rural ones during the day—and 22 degrees F hotter at night. These “urban heat islands”can also develop underground as the city heat spreads downward, beneath the surface. And basements, subway tunnels and other underground infrastructure also constantly bleed heat into the surrounding earth, creating hotspots. Now the underground heat is building up as the planet warms.According to a new study of downtown Chicago, underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that emit the heat in the first place. Such temperature changes make the ground around them expand and contract (收缩) enough to cause potential damage. “Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says the study’s author Alessandro F. Rotta Loria, a civil and environmental engineer at Northwestern University.The findings, published in Communications Engineering, expose a “silent hazard (危险)” to civil infrastructure in cities with soft er ground — especially those near water — Rotta Loria says. “There might have been structural issues caused by this underground climate change that happened, and we didn’t even realize,” he adds. While not an immediate or direct danger to human lives, this previously unknown effect highlights the impacts of a lesser-known component of climate change.Similar to climate change above the surface, these underground changes occur over long periods of time. “These effects took decades, a century, to develop,” Rotta Loria says, adding that elevated underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to dissipate (逐渐消失) on their own.But other researchers interviewed for this story all say this wasted energy could also be recycled, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Subway tunnels and basements could be updated with technologies to recapture the heat. For example, water pipes could be installed to run through underground hotspots and pick up some of the heat energy.12．What can we learn about the “urban heat islands”?A．They can develop underground structures.B．They are impacted by global warming.C．They can destroy the ground around.D．They only exist in the United States.13．Why does Alessandro F. Rotta Loria mention “silent hazard” in paragraph 3?A．To discuss structural issues.B．To categorize climate change.C．To explain underground heat.D．To emphasize the neglected reality.14．What will the author probably write about in the paragraph that follows?A．The future of tunnels and basements.B．The reusing approaches of heat energy.C．The cost of maintaining structures.D．The evolution of underground environment.15．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Warming Underground, Weakening SurfaceB．A Silver Lining of Global WarmingC．Urban Silent Islands in the MakingD．A Silent Crisis in Downtown Chicago二、七选五Including children in the farming lifestyle has many benefits. Sure, it is nice to have the additional help with chores, but it also fosters so much growth, sending our kids down a good path towards who they will someday become. It is possible that our children will grow up to lead lives that do not include farming. 16Through caring for farm animals, kids learn that in life others often come before self.17 It doesn’t matter if we don’t feel like it or if we are sick and tired. What matters is that we take care of the animals that take care of us and do so in a timely manner.18 If the work on a farm does not get done, the operation fails. It takes discipline and commitment to get down to business every day, and seeing this in action will give kids a good work attitude. They will know and understand that nothing good comes easy and that they have to work to survive. 19 Functioning as part of a productive team will surely be playing a crucial role sooner or later in all walks of life.Additionally, farming teaches patience. 20 It’s especially true for the animals. Cattle will be difficult to control. Horses will run away when you try to catch them. Goats will kick over that bucket of hard-earned milk. A rooster will decide you got too close to his hens and give you a run for your money. In spite of all that, kids will learn to be patient and take things easy.There may not be any instant reward, but in the long-term kids will see the benefit of all their efforts during those hard days.A．Fairly often, things do not go your way.B．Kids also learn to be grateful to animals.C．In the meantime, they learn to work with others.D．Teamwork is no longer a significant skill to develop and use.E．Animals need to be fed and cared for before we get to sit down and relax.F．Kids are also able to comprehend the value of hard work through farm life.G．What they learn on a farm, however, can be instrumental in their future lives.三、完形填空27．A．could B．should C．would D．might 28．A．also B．again C．only D．instead 29．A．responded B．claimed C．updated D．expressed 30．A．odd B．general C．novel D．complicated 31．A．closed B．black C．plain D．blank 32．A．lesson B．blame C．curse D．ban 33．A．open B．click C．use D．function 34．A．refreshing B．crashing C．connecting D．running 35．A．advocate B．tolerate C．appreciate D．understand四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三下学期第六次月考语文试卷Word版含答案
大联考湖南师大附中2024届高三月考试卷（六）语文命题、审题：湖南师大附中高三语文备课组注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。
材料一：“雅正”是儒家文化的重要道德理想和文艺批评标准，也是中国古典美学中的重要范畴，其审美内涵体现了中华民族独特的美学精神。
历代文人大都提倡以“雅”为美的文艺创作思想和评判标准。
曹丕把“辞义典雅”作为最高的审美标准；刘勰将文章分成八种基本风格，其中居于首位的即为“典雅”；王昌龄把诗分为五种风格，其中“古雅”也是位列第二；南宋诗词评论家张炎极力提倡“雅正”的审美标准和审美理想；南宋诗论家严羽也提出“去俗求雅”的审美追求。
“求雅”的审美旨趣一直是中国古典美学中一个不可或缺的重要主题。
这种“求雅”思想也是中国古代语言使用规范的基本理念和核心思想，被汉语言文字学学者戴昭铭概括为“雅正”的语言规范观，追求一种从现实语文生活中提炼而成的理想化的语文标准，具有一种语文审美的倾向，即力求维护一种被认为是正确的、好的、合乎标准的语文形式，它概括和体现了我国古代优良的语文传统。
“雅”与“俗”相对，一直是中国传统社会中两种不同的文化形态，二者从来都相伴相生，不可分割，在历史上也一直存在此消彼长的状况。
近几十年来，社会语言俗化现象非常普遍，这是当今语言生活主体平民化、草根化的某种结果，也是社会自由开放的表现。
但是，言语行为的“俗雅”要区分人群和场合，不能全民皆俗，不能全方位皆俗，应该给“雅语”留下一定的时空语境，在社会大潮中，需要有一种高境界的审美追求，需要“雅”的言语行为规范理想。
2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市湖南师大附中高三上学期第三次月考生物试题
2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市湖南师大附中高三上学期第三次月考生物试题1.关于DNA和RNA的叙述，正确的是（）A．DNA有氢键，RNA没有氢键B．原核生物的遗传物质是RNAC．叶绿体、线粒体、核糖体都含有核酸D．一种病毒同时含有DNA和RNA2.下图是辛格和尼科尔森在1972年提出的关于生物膜分子结构的流动镶嵌模型。
下列相关叙述不正确的是（）A．与细胞识别有关的结构是a B．c分子的特点是有亲水的脂肪酸尾部和疏水的磷酸头部D．构成生物膜的b、d大都是可以运动的C．生物膜具有选择透过性与图中b、d有关3.下列有关酶与ATP的叙述，正确的有（）A．在低温、高温和过低、过高pH条件下，酶都会因空间结构改变而失活B．消化道内胃蛋白酶发挥作用需要消耗ATPC．ATP由腺嘌呤、脱氧核糖和三分子磷酸基团组成D．ATP的合成总是与放能反应相联系，ATP的水解总是与吸能反应相联系4.人肠腔中的葡萄糖经小肠上皮细胞吸收进入血液由两种特异性转运蛋白—SGLT1和GLUT2共同完成，如下图所示。
SGLT1从肠腔中逆浓度梯度转运葡萄糖，小肠上皮细胞内的葡萄糖再经GLUT2转运进入组织液，然后进入血液。
当进食一段时间后，小肠肠腔局部的葡萄糖浓度可达50～300mmol/L（高于小肠上皮细胞内），此时GLUT2数量增加，小肠上皮细胞吸收和输出葡萄糖都由GLUT2参与转运；当葡萄糖被大量快速吸收后，小肠肠腔局部的葡萄糖浓度降低到2mmol/L（低于小肠上皮细胞内）时，SGLT1活性增强。
下列相关说法正确的是（）A．SGLT1能同时转运葡萄糖和Na +，因此其不具有特异性B．肠腔葡萄糖浓度降至2mmol/L时，主要依赖SGLT1吸收葡萄糖C．加入ATP水解酶抑制剂不会影响SGLT1运输葡萄糖的速率D．SGLT1和GLUT2的作用都会降低膜两侧葡萄糖分子的浓度差5.线粒体对缺氧敏感，高海拔低氧可引起线粒体氧化应激平衡失调，严重低氧可导致细胞死亡。
湖南师大附中2012届高三第三次月考语文试卷及答案
湖南师大附中2012届高三第三次月考语文试卷及答案高考题型2011-12-12 14295d56b7b40102dths湖南师大附中2012届高三第三次月考语文试卷及答案湖南师大附中高三语文备课组组稿本试卷共7道大题，21道小题(2道选做题任选l小题)。
时量150分钟，满分150分。
一、语言文字运用(12分，每小题3分)1．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是（）A．择菜(zhái)阴霾(mái)绮丽(yǐ)斗转参横(shēn)B．体己(tī)福祉(zhǐ)轻佻(tiāo)估屈聱牙(jí)C. 拘泥(ní)联袂(mâi)整饬(chì)同仇敌忾(kài)D．啁啾(zhōu)空白(kîng)侪辈(chái)风雪载途(zǎi)1．B/A．绮丽(qǐ) C. 拘泥(nì) D. 风雪载途(zài)2．下列各句中，加点的词语使用不恰当的一句是 ( )A．备受关注的2012年国家公务员招录考试已经开始报名。
据悉，昨天网上报名不很拥堵，抢着在第一天“出手”的考生并不是太多。
B.《帝国的惆怅》中，打通文史关节，勾兑世事人情，静观辅以动察，仰视继之俯瞰，使自己的见解，踩在宽广而坚实的地基上。
C．政府应改变中小企业融资难的局面，让它们有能力实现自身升级转型，避免出现中小企业“倒闭潮”，而伤及经济稳固增长的肌体。
D．峨眉山气吐如兰、秀甲天下，作为武林翘楚之一，峨眉风骨不逊于少林、武当，不少影视作品演绎出了峨眉不可言说的神秘色彩。
2．C／稳固意思是安稳巩固，不易变动，多形容建筑物或者政权。
可改用“稳健”，表现出经济增长稳定而有力。
A．拥堵意为拥挤，堵塞。
常用来指由于车辆多、秩序乱或道路狭窄等造成车辆拥挤、道路拥塞。
这里指由于服务器繁忙而造成网络不通畅。
B．勾兑本指把不同的酒适量混合，并添加调味酒，进行配制。
2014年湖南高考语文真题及答案文字版【4】
2014年湖南高考语文真题及答案文字版【4】四、现代文(论述类)阅读(10分.填空题4分，选择题6分，每小题3分)阅读下面的文字，完成12-14题。
常识教育牵涉以下重大命题：培养健全人格，促进人的全面发展;传承人类社会的基本核心价值观，塑造基本社会共识;传承人类优秀思想文化学术;在传承的基础上进行文化创新和促进社会进步。
换言之，常识教育的命意和专业化教育不一样，后者主要措意于培养专业技术人才和职业个体，乃至于螺丝钉似的现代“部件人”(工具主义个体)，或为学术而学术，为科技而科技，专意在促进专业学术发展和科技进步(有时甚至可能忽略对科学技术的价值判断和伦理反思)，常识教育则有着眼于人的全面发展，培育具有独立思考能力和道德判断的自由个体，以及随之而来的普遍的人文精神氛围和社会公共生活，抵御知识的异化，人的异化，制度的异化与社会的异化，促进社会的共同福祉。
另外，专业化教育往往着眼于知识的精深，常识教育则着眼于知识的基本、根本与全面，一为专家之学，一为通人之学，但这里的通人之学又不同于中国古代“通者千篇以为，万卷以下，通人也”的通儒硕学，或所谓的“大通人”(仍是相对而言)，这显然只能要求极少一部分人。
此处所谓的通人并非意味着博闻广识，无所不通，事实上以为类有限的时间精力和智力水平而言，不可能做到“天上地下，无所不知”的地步，而在于对涉及人与自己、与他人、与社会、与世界之间关系的基本常识的了解，尤其是涉及个体心灵生活和现代公共生活的最基本相关知识的掌握。
换言之，常识教育或通识教育永远是与人类知识水平和智力水平相对而言的，是对最核心、最重要的基本常识的教育与掌握。
就此而言，常识教育或通人教育就是人的教育，旨在立人，培养基本的人，或所谓的“小通人”。
专家亦必须具备“小通人”的相关常识，即先成为基本自由个体，然后才是专家和成就专家之学。
“大通人”则不敢苛求所有个体，而且“大通人”亦可或亦段有一二专家之学，而有专家之成就业绩。
2024届湖南师范大学附属中学高三上学期月考卷(四)语文及答案
湖南师大附中2024届高三月考试卷(四)语文试卷讲评稿本试卷共四道大题,23 道小题，满分150分一、现代文阅读(35 分)(-)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题,19 分)阅读下面的文字,完成 1~5 题。
材料一①一碗苏式汤面，浇头数以百计，精工细作汇聚万千风味;一曲吴语《声声慢》轻柔婉转,引得青年男女排起长龙,叶红花，夜晚清净优雅依旧光影斑斓②以全国 0.09%的土地创造全国约2%名列国家创新型城市创新能力前十强③苏州等城市恰如苏作“双面绣”:一城双面，面面精彩。
千百年来人文与经济的莫定了城市发展的风格特质。
精致、创新、内涵等文化特质,也是苏州等地经济发展的一贯坚持和内在追求。
文化影响人的创造,将腔调注入，融成独特的物质和精神发展成果。
遗存、城市精神,更使得丝绸纺织等经济业态长盛不衰。
历史证明，独特的文化中心更代化进程中充分展现。
(摘编自新华网·)中国美术学院象②③《新周刊》:或许因为文化上的厚重④王澍：杭州直到20世纪7020世纪初;西湖边的新新饭店只6界是 80 年代末,西湖边上出现了第一栋 50 米高的高层建筑。
突破这个高度之后,几十湖山一半城”的结构里活动,出了这个范围,对我来说就相当于出差,去了一个不知道什么样的地方。
⑦《新周刊》挖掘历史身份的做法贯穿了许多城市，大家韵。
⑧王澍因为宋朝对中国的艺术来说可以,要有更高更远的认识;只是单纯地模仿上特别发达,过来,⑨这个时代的城市风貌是不是有可能重现一千年前的美感B.“优美乐章”实际上是指城市人文风貌与经济发展协调共生而带来的良好状态。
C.“冷眼”D.“再次装裱”【关键能力】重点考查学生理解关键词语的能力。
【答案】 D【解析】“实质是复刻历史，缺乏新时代的创意”在文中找不到依据。
建筑家王澍和《分)展的过程中起着十分重要的作用。
B.,那么它在秉承自身独特人文基因、促成C.“-半湖山一半城”的城市结构,对于现在的城市结构特点并不上分认可。
湖南省师大附中2014届高三上学期第一次月考数学(文)试题 word版含答案
湖南师大附中2014届高三月考试卷（一）数学（文）试题（考试范围：高考全部内容）本试题卷包括选择题、填空题和解答题三部分，共6．页。
时量120分钟。
满分50分。
一、选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．设集合M={y|y=2x ，x<1），N=（x|y=ln （1--x ），y ∈R ），则M N=A ．（0，1）B ．（一∞，1）C （O ，2）D ．（一∞，2） 2．命题“2,10x R x x ∀∈-+>”的否定是A ．对任意x ∈R ，210x x -+≤B ．不存在2,10x R x x ∈-+>使C ．存在2,10x R x x ∈-+>使D ．存在2,10x R x x ∈-+≤使3．已知某几何体的正视图和侧视图均如图所示，给出下列5个图形其中可以作为该几何体的俯视图的图形个数是 A ．2个 B ．3个 C 4个 D ．5个4．设椭圆中心在原点，两焦点F 1，F 2在x 轴上，点P 在椭圆上．若椭圆的离心率为12，△PF 1F 2的周长为12，则椭圆的标准方程是A ．22143x y +=B ．2211612x y += C ．22134x y += D ．2211216x y += 5．已知tan （2)2,sin 2cosx a αα-=+则= A ．1 B ．35 C ．一15 D ．一356．如果实数x ，y 满足 1020,10x y x y x -+≤⎧⎪+-≤⎨⎪+≥⎩则目标函数z=4x+y 的最大值为A ．52B ．3C ．72D ．47．已知两个非零向量e 1，e 2不共线，设向量121212,2,32,AB e ke CB e e CD e e =-=+=-若A 、B 、D 三点共线，则实数k 的值为A ．3B ．—3C ．—2D ．2 8．在区间（0，1）上任取两个数x ，y ，则事件“x+y<43"发生的概率是 A ．29 B ．59 C ．49 D ．799．如果函数(x y e e =为自然对数的底数）的图象与直线y=x--a 有公共点，则实数a 的取值范围是A ．（一∞，一e]B ．（一∞，一1]C ．（一∞，0]D ．（一∞，1]二、填空题：本大题共7小题，每小题5分，共35分．把答案填在答题卡中对应题号后的横线上．10．设a ∈R ，复数1a i z i+=-．若z 为纯虚数，则a= ． 11．执行如图所示饰程瘴榧涸-!如果输入a=1，则输出的“的值为 ．12．在极坐标系中，已知点F （1，0），O 为极点，点M 在曲线C ：24cos ,||2,||sin MF MO θρθ===上若则 ．13．在△ABC 中，角A ，B ，C 所对的边长分别为a,b ，c ，若sin A=2sin B ，且,则角C 的大小为 ．．15．如图，记棱长为1的正方体为C 1，以C 1各个面的中心为顶点的正八面体为C 2，以C 2各个面的中心为顶饿的正方体为C 3，以C 3各个面的中心为顶点的正八面体为C 4，…，以此类推．设正多面体C n （n ∈N*）的棱长为a n 。
高考语文名校模拟试题湖南师大附中第三次月考
高考语文名校模拟试题（47）湖南师大附中第三次月考高考模拟2009-11-12 1018湖南师大附中2014届高三第三次月考试题一、语言知识及运用（15分，每小题3分）1.下列词语中加点的字，读音完全不相同的一项是（）A．信笺饯行栈道浅浅水声B．瞭望獠牙积潦星火燎原C．木屐孱头潺湲削足适履D．稂莠踉跄阆苑琅琅书声2.下列句子中没有错别字的一项是（）A．改革开放以来，随着社会经济的日益繁荣昌盛，祖国处处呈现物富民丰、欣欣向荣的景象。
B．历史赋予你们重任，希望你们本着爱国爱港的精神，认真贯彻执行基本法，刻尽职守，不负众望。
C．自嘲不是自惭形秽，而是被当作宣泄积郁、打破隔阖的良方，当然有时也是反嘲别人的武器。
D．我时常漫步湖边，眺望那迷蒙的远景，聆听那细浪昵昵，清新明媚的田园诗画慰藉着心灵。
3.下列各句中的成语使用恰当的一项是（）A．在中华人民共和国成立六十年的国庆阅兵式上，中国军方多款新型武器装备的展示，引发西方军事专家捕风捉影的各式猜测。
B．山西省利用国际金融危机带来的产业洗牌机遇，断然终结“小煤矿”时代，改头换面地大步迈进“大煤炭经济时代”。
C．10月1日晚，长沙市为庆祝建国60周年举行了盛大的焰火晚会，湘江两岸人头攒动，出现了万人空巷齐睹美景的盛况。
D．“北京当代十大建筑”评选结果揭晓，“鸟巢”“水立方”、国家体育馆、首都博物馆、北京电视中心等新式建筑均脱颖而出。
4.下列各句中没有语病的一句是（）A．国际能源署一项研究发现，环境急剧恶化的趋势暂时得到缓解的原因是工业生产下滑导致的经济衰退使全球温室气体排放量锐减造成的。
B．在2008年北京奥运会男子110米栏预赛时因伤退赛大约13个月左右的刘翔，在9月20日晚的上海国际田径黄金大奖赛中勇夺亚军。
C．对于乌鲁木齐市部分公共场所接连发生不法分子用针状物刺伤市民的行为，必须依法严厉打击，切实保护人民群众安全和社会正常秩序。
D．直到现在，全国多座城市仍在“九·一八”这天拉响防空警报，以此来纪念抗战胜利，期望国人勿忘国耻，推动民族复兴。
湖南省师大附中2014届高三上学期第一次月考英语试题 word版含答案
湖南师大附中2014届高三月考试卷（一）英语试题（考试范围:全部内容）本试卷分为四个部分,包括听力、语言知识运用、阅读和书面表达。
时量120分钟。
满分150分。
Part I Listening Comprehension （30 marks）Section A （22．5marks）Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers．For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C．Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question．You will hear each conversation TWICE．Example:When will the magazine probably arrive?A．Wednesday．B．Thursday． C．Friday．The answer is B．Conversation 11．Where does the conversation take place?A．At a clinic．B．At a restaurant．C．At a drugstore．2．What restaurant did the woman go to first last night?A．Chinese．B．American． C．Italian．Conversation 23．How much does the tour cost, including lunch?A．Ninety yuan． B．Eighty yuan．C．One hundred yuan．4．What can we learn about the guidebook?A．It’s expensive．B．it's about the places people will visit．C．It is written in both English and Chinese．Conversation 35．What did the woman do 15 minutes ago?A．She left her purse on the table．B．She went to the restroom．C．She came back from the restroom．6．Where was the purse found?A．On the table．B．In the restroom．C．Under the table.Conversation 47．Who is the woman?A．A sportswoman．B．A traveler．C．A pilot．8．What caused the accident?A．She hurt her arm．B．She lost her way．C．She landed the wrong way．9．What can we learn about the woman?A．She is weak．B．She was injured in the right foot last year．C．She’ll recover in about two months．Conversation 510．Where is the man going?A．To Paris．B．To London．C．To Berlin．11．How did the man go to Europe in World War n?A．By plane．B．By warship． C．By truck．12．How soon will the speakers arrive?A．In 2 hours．B．In 4 hours．C．In 6 hours．Conversation 613．Why did the man leave his previous job in the bank?A．His family moved to another place．B．He had never gotten a raise．C．He just wanted to make a change．14．What are the man's best qualities?A．Hard-working and responsible．B．Faithful and energetic．C．Smart and capable．Section B （7．5 marks）Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage．Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard．Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS．Part ⅡLanguage Knowledge（45marke）Section A （15marks）Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．21．How can I help them to understand _____ they won't listen to me?A．when B．while C．where D．unless 22．Partly_____ about his past love, he buried himself in his work．A．to have forgot B．having forgot C．to forget D．forgotten23．They could have escaped from the big fire, but unfortunately, someone ____the door．A．locked B．have locked C．had locked D．will lock24．Nowadays almost everyone prefers to use a smart mobile phone _____ functions are more practical．A．which B．where C．what D．whose25．It is said that the building to be completed next year will be ____ the old one．A．as half big as B．half as big asC．half bigger as D．bigger half as26．When you look at_____ great effects the climate change has on our life, you'11 agree that it is the most pressing global problem．A．which B．how C．what D．why27．According to the schedule, the flight No．232 to Beijing____ at 10:30．We'd better set out right now, or we'll be late．A．leaves B．left C．will leave D．has left28．By the time you arrive in London, we_____ in Europe for two weeks．A．will stay B．stayedC．will have stayed D．are staying29．When we were in the college, we _____ stay either in the lab or in the library, devoting ourselves to books．A．should B．would C．can D．need30．_____ and we' 11 finish the work on time．A．If we are given two more days B．Two more daysC．Having two more days D．Given two more days31．The murderer was brought in, with his hands ____ behind his back．A．being tied B．having tied C．to be tiedD．tied32．40% of the students in our school _____ from the other parts of Hunan, which ___ relatively large number．A．is? are B．is; isC．are; is D．are; are33．____ approximately eight by fourteen feet, this room can house 6 to 8 students．A．Measuring B．Being measuredC．Having measured D．To measure34．—____ you make such great achievements in your career?—With strong will and devotion．A．What is that B．How is it thatC．What is it that D．How is that35．We are always told that Only through hard work____our goals in our study．A．we will achieve B．we have achievedC．have we achieved D．will we achieveSection B（18 marks）Directions'．For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context．A French billionaire used to have a rough time when he was young．Later he 36 himself in the field of drawing sales．Within ten years, he had become a young media tycoon （大亨）in France．He died of cancerin 1998．A French newspaper published his 37 after his death, in which he claimed:Iwas a poor guy．Before t reach the threshold (门槛）of heaven, I leave my secret of how to become 38 to the world．Anyone who can answer the question 'What do the poor 39 most will have discovered my secret of becoming rich．My deposit of one million francs in the private safe of my bank will be the prize for his wisdom in uncovering the riddle of poverty．"Many people 40 to the publicized will．The answers, as one might imagine, were 41 ．The majority of them thought the poor were missing money most．Some stated that what the poor most 42 was opportunity．Still others thought that the poor needed skills to make money．The rest of the answers claimed that poverty could be attributed to the 43 of help, love, attractiveness, and 44 good luck．On the first anniversary of the billion aire’s passing, his lawyer and representative opened his private safe in the bank; the secret of getting rich 45 ．The billionaire believed that the most absent among the poor was the 46 of getting rich．It was a nine? year? old girl who hit the nail on the head．Why did she regard "ambition" as the．Thing the poor lacked most? The day she was officially 47 the one million francs, she said:" Every time my elder sister brought her boyfriend home, she always warned me not to be ambitious．So, I thought perhaps ambition was something that brought what you wanted．" 36．A．introduced B．guided C．became D．established 37．A．story B．will C．secret D．finding 38．A．rich B．positive C．successful D．determined 39．A．save B．expect C．lack D．hope 40．A．applied B．responded C．admitted D．contributed ;t 41．A．various B．incorrect C．creative D．related 42．A．cared B．desired C．ignored D．shared 43．A．presence B．absence C．rejection D．dependence 44．A．even B．still C．so D．yet 45．A．turned out B．got out C．came out D．putout 46．A．idea B．ambition C．luck D．opportunity47．A．awarded B．received C．returned D．donated, Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context．In the face of various and complicated requirements of employment market, some student begin to question the significance of learning basic knowledge and skills, just as 48．is exposed in some news reports．However, it is absolutely wrong to hold that idea．Owing to the fact 49, we．are living in a competitive society, the development of our society demands that we arm 50．with basic skills and up-to-date knowledge so as to keep up with the pace of our society．51．investigation shows that millions of people spend 'time and energy grasping skills and technology so that they 52．keep a favorable position in job market or enhance their opportunities．While focusing on creativity, innovation, management and leadership skills, we should 53．forget the fundamental importance of the more basic, essential skills．It is universally Known that opportunity is important, 54．you could do nothing with it if you are not equipped 55 competitive forces, such as basic reading and calculating skills@ to seize it．Part III Reading Comprehension（30 marks）Directions; Read the following three passages．Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage．AThe Go-Getter: Dan Maiman, 48, marketing engineer turned comedianGot Started in: New York CityThe Goal: To make laughter his businessThe Gain; Doubled his salary, learned to trust his instinct．When I was laid off from Intel Corporation in New York almost two years ago, I felt very frustrated．I was afraid that I would not find a better job．'I'd been with the company since 1996 and had poured a lot intomy technical work．But I also felt free, maybe even excited．I hadn't really liked my job very much．Years earlier, I had taken a comedy class to conquer my fear of public speaking．I had a skill for stand．A lot of my material was biographical, as in, "When I applied for the job at Intel* they^ told m&, You're half Indian, half Japanese? You don't even have to interview!'" Like many other performers, I seemed shy in person, but after a show, people would say, "Hey, you' re amazing on stage．"I thought, dray, I'll pursue comedy．It'll pay starvation wages, but I'm not a big spender．I can eat Top Amen noodles forever．I also had a fairly graceful nest egg from all those years in the corporate world．I composed jokes while riding the subway, walking around, and talking on the phone with friends．I made efforts to practice．I promoted myself on the Internet, and performed when I had the chance．My new career took off．So far I have done stand-up at corporate functions, charity galas, and birthday parties．This year, I'll have flown 125,000 miles on Delta．I'm a frequent flier, and I get upgraded to first class on everyflight．Recently, I made the unrealistic sum of $ 12,500 in one night．I'm making more than double what t made at Intel．I'll probably pull in about $ 275,000 this year, not counting the commercial;! just shot for a computer company．I also have a role in a movie due out next summer．The Last Air bender, directed by M．Night Shyamalan and featuring one of the stars of Sundog Millionaire, Dev Patel．In the Indian immunity,I've become pretty well known．In this business, there is no greater thrill than thinking of a joke in the shower that makes you laugh out loud, practicing it for a small audience, and then performing it in a theater of 2,000 people-and bringing the house down．Getting laid off was the best thing that has ever happened to me．（From Reader's Digest ）56．What is the text mainly about?A．The author's experience after being laid off．B．The greatest excitement in the author's life．C．The funniest thing the author has experienced．D．The author's experience at Intel Corporation．57．What was the author's first response to the fact that he was laid off?A．He felt amused．B．He felt relaxed．C．He was．excited．D．He felt worried．58．The underlined word "instinct" in the fourth paragraph probably means____．A．achievement B．potentialC．imagination D．curiosity62．Which of the following is TRUE about baby giant pandas?A．At birth, they are as small as a human hand．B．They are born with a full coat of fur．C．The mother and rather raise the baby giant pandas together．D．They learn to look for bamboo as soon as they are born．63．In winter, giant pandas ______．A．don’t have to eat anything B．change their lifestyle completelyC．prefer to give birth to their babies D．needn’t sleep day and night64．It can be inferred from the passage that ____．A．people who like history might enjoy watching Giant PandasB．the team members were excited when they found the giant panda wasteC．the program Giant Pandas provides all information about giant pandasD．the Qinling Mountains are a natural link between the east and west of China65．What's the best title for （he passage?A．Gi ant Pandas and the Camera Group’s Work on Giant PandasB．How to Protect Giant PandasC．Qinling Mountains: Giant Pandas^ Natural HabitatD．The Mfestyle of Giant PandasCIs early childhood education really necessary? Early childhood education primarily focuses on learningthrough playing to develop the child's physical, sensory, communicational and social development．Earlychildhood education has become a concern of the government, who pushes poor children to be formallytrained before they-are old enough for kindergarten．There are good reasons for the government to push early childhood education．Studies have shown that orphaned children who did not receive good care and education become developmentally delayed causing failure in school, and even in life．Further studies show that poor children who take part in Head Start programs are more prepared for school, less likely to end up in Special Education classes, and are less likely to receive public help or g& to jail．There are also negative parts to putting a child in formal education programs too early．Time Magazine online explains that the younger the child the less his chances of catching up with first-grade work．n I have personally witnessed many children of my generation who went to Head Start programs become frustrated and bored with school before they finished high school．Yet patents have been sure that the earlier the child starts school, the better life he or she will have, so they Dash to start children earlier．Actually while early formal education of poor children does show great gains in the early elementary years, studies also show that this head start is really a "false start", as the gains are lost in middle and high school years．It seems that environment is a bigger factor on life's success than early education．Head programs have not achieved its original goal m dosing the achievement gap in poor and middle school children．Perhaps it is time to find other ways to close that gap．66．The purpose of the government valuing the teary childhood education isA．to develop the children^ communicationB．to give orphaned children good care and educationC．to get the children prepared for the kindergartenD．to train the children formally and regularly67．According to the studies, which of the following is TRUE?A．Children with good early education* may have a good life．B．The orphaned children are usually unhappy in their life．C．Children without early education can do well at school．D．Head Start programs are helpful to the poor children．68．"．．．the younger the child the less his chances of catching up with first-grade work．" suggests that_____．A．the early childhood educ ation is helpless to the child’s gradeB．it is good for the young children to receive early educationC．the early education can help the children follow the gradeD．the younger the children are, the more clever they will be69．The authors attitude toward the early childhood education is_____．A．subjective B．objective C．disapproving D．approving70．The main idea of the last paragraph is that_____．A．the early childhood education is very necessaryB．Head Start programs have helped the children a lotC．environment is the most important to lifers successD．better ways should be found to help the poor childrenPart ]V Writing（45 marks）Section A（10 marks）Directions"．Read the following passage．Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from thepassage．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．A gap year （also known as year abroad, year out, year off, deferred year, bridging year, time off and tune out）is a year during which students take time off and do something other than schooling, such as travel or work．The gap year is most commonly taken after secondary school and before starting university．The practice of taking a gap year developed in the United Kingdom in the 1960s．During a gap year, a student might travel, do voluntary work overseas or undertake a working holiday abroad．In 1978, the Prince of Wales and Colonel John Blashford-Snell beam what is now known as Raleigh International by launching ' Operation Drake", a gap year expedition voyage around the world following Sir Francis Drake's route．The Center for Interim Programs in the United States was originally founded in 1980 to assist students in making a more effective transition from high school to college．The gap year has grown very popular among students in the UK, Australia, New Zealand and Canada．A trend for gap years is to participate in educational programs that combine language study, home stay, cultural immersion, community ．service, and independent study．The high pressure increasingly leaves students of high school tired out and longing for refreshment．Also, counselors are coming to bless the gap-year option, and colleges increasingly are offering a delayed enrol lment option as more and more “gap ers" arrive on campus with enhanced motivation and maturity-all of which prepares well for their undergraduate years in college．In 2010, gap year travel has increased among school, college and university leavers, as this is seen as an attractive option for future career development．Section B（10 marks）Directions Read the following passage．Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage．Bard itch High School decided to have an All-School Reunion．Over 450 people came to the event．There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park．Several former teachers were to tell stories about the old days, including Ms．Mabel Yates, ．an English teacher for fifty years．Some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans （嘟囔声）when Ms．Yates was about to speak．Many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from an old woman who had few kind words for her students while teaching．Then Ms．Yates started to speak:"I can't tell you how pleased I am to be here．I haven’t seen many of you since your graduation, but I have followed your careers arid enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies．I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students; Although I haven’t appeared in person, I have attended your college graduations* weddings and even the births of your children, in my imagination．"Ms．Yates paused and started crying a bit．Then she continued:"There is no greater comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work．You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride for me and I want you to know I love you all from the bottom of my heart．"There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping; The clapping turned into cheering, then into a deafening roar W^）．Lawyers, truck drivers, bankers andmodels were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame all because of the words from a long forg6tteff English teacher from their hometown．81．Who were also invited to attend the reunion besides some former students? （No more than 3 words）（2 marks）82．Why did some people try to escape from the English teacher’s lecture? （No more than 11 words）（3 marks）83．How did the teacher get to know her students）situations after graduation? （No more than 11 words）（2 marks）84．According to the lecture, what did the English teacher intend to tell her former students? （No more than 12 words）（3 marks）Section C（25 marks）Directions'．Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese．假设你是Sunny，你打算加入一个名为“译者无国界”（Interpreters without Borders）的非政府组织，为此你需要提交一份英文个人简介。
湖南省师大附中2014届高三第三次月考政治试题
湖南省师大附中2014届高三第三次月考政治试题nba(体育）2014-01-12 1637第Ⅰ卷选择题（共50分）一、选择题（本大题共25小题，每题2分，共50分）2014年9月以来，中国政坛刮起了一股“问责风暴”。
从山西襄汾尾矿库溃坝到三鹿奶粉事件，再到深圳龙岗区大火和登封市煤与瓦斯突发事故，公共事故集中爆发，造成了巨大的社会影响，也引发了导致至少19名有关高级官员引咎辞职或遭免职问责。
运用相关知识回答1~2题。
1．上述事例体现了（ D ）A．国家保护公民的政治权利和自由B．我国公民对国家机关及其工作人员享有监督权C．依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略D．我国的国家机构是人民意志的执行者和利益的捍卫者2．实行行政机关行政负责人问责制，有利于政府机关及其工作人员（ B ）A．克服官僚主义和不正之风，杜绝腐败现象B．增强依法行政意识，提高行政执法水平C．保障公民的权利和自由，依法惩治犯罪D．完善法律监督体系，确保法律的有效实施2014年8月8日晚，北京奥运会开幕式在中国国家体育场（“鸟巢”）隆重举行。
回答3~4题。
3．据奥组委提供的消息，共有204个国家和地区的运动员参加了本次盛会。
下列关于国家和地区的说法中，正确的是（ A ）A．国家具有主权属性，地区是指不具有国际社会承认的主权的区域B．国家是国际社会最基本的成员，地区是指区域性的国际组织C．参加奥运会的国家和地区都是联合国的会员国D．国家和地区都享有独立权4．奥运会期间，中国在北京开辟三个示威区，让抗议示威者使用。
这一举措表明我国政府创造各种条件，保障公民真正享有和行使政治自由和权利。
政治自由（ D ）①是不受任何约束的。
公民想怎么办就可怎么办②是相对的，法律是自由的体现和保障③是人民行使当家作主权利的重要方式④是社会主义民主的具体体现A．①②③ B．①③④C．①②④ D．②③④5．在国家游泳中心“水立方”场馆建设施工过程中，其侧结构的不规则性，给焊接施工带来了极大的困难。
2024-2025学年湖南师范大学附属中学高三上学期月考(一)语文试题及答案
湖南师大附中2025届高三月考试卷（一）语文本试卷共四道大题，23道小题，满分150分。
时量150分钟。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
科学中的对称对称既然在人类历史上占有非常重要、非常基本的地位，哲学家和科学家很自然会想广泛地加以运用。
1595年的时候，天文学家开普勒就曾经想用一些几何的对称来解释太阳系各行星轨道的直径的比例。
他希望在一个球里面放一个内接的正方体，在这个正方体里面放一个内接的正三角体，希望用这些正多面体的大小比例来解释太阳系各行星轨道的大小比例。
我们知道许多早期用到科学上的对称原理，并没有很大的成果，可是它们说明了科学家很早就对对称发生兴趣了。
对称在科学界开始产生重要的影响始于19世纪。
发展到近代，我们已经知道这个观念是晶体学、分子学、原子学、原子核物理学、化学、粒子物理学等现代科学的中心观念。
近年来，对称更变成了决定物质间相互作用的中心思想。
（所谓相互作用，是物理学的一个术语，意思就是力量，质点跟质点之间的力量。
）20世纪物理学的作用。
我准备分下列几节来讨论：①、②、“群”与对称、守恒定律与对称、宇称守恒与左右对称、规范对称。
最后，我想跟大家谈一下未来的发展。
①1871年麦克斯韦发表了一篇题为《物理量的数学分类》的文章。
麦克斯韦以及比他更早的一个数学家兼物理学家哈密顿，了解到物理里面所讲的量不止一种，有的叫作标量，有的叫作向量。
标量没有方向，向量除了大小外，还有方向。
这篇文章非常有意思，因为今天物理学常用的一些观念，这篇文章已经非常清楚地用一些几何图像表示了出来。
比如麦克斯韦称为“内向”的观念，今天我们常把这个量叫作“散度”（即向外发散的程度），这是一个重要观念。
另一个重要的观念叫作“旋度”。
这些观念的引进都有赖哈密顿跟麦克斯韦的努力。
在另外一篇文章里，麦克斯韦把电学跟磁学的基本公式写了下来。
这是19世纪最重要的物理学工作，麦克斯韦写这篇文章的时候，对于向量的观念虽然已经非常了解，却没有引进向量的符号。
湖南省师大附中2024届高三下模拟考试语文试题及答案
湖南省师大附中2024届高三下模拟考试语文试题及答案注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，18分）阅读下面的文字，完成小题。
有两大主要因素决定了你什么时候想睡觉，什么时候想醒来。
第一个因素，是你大脑深处的24小时生物钟发射出的信号。
生物钟会制造出循环的昼夜节律，让你在夜晚和白天的常规时段感到疲倦或清醒。
第二个因素，是一种在你的大脑中积聚的化学物质，会制造出“睡眠压力”。
这两个因素之间的平衡决定了你白天的清醒和专注程度，晚上感到疲倦并准备上床睡觉的时间，还在某种程度上决定了你会睡得多好。
对于白天活动的昼行性物种（比如人类）来说，昼夜节律会在白天激活大脑和身体的许多机制，使你保持清醒和警觉。
这些过程会在夜间逐渐变得低缓，从而消除产生警觉性的影响。
值得注意的是，尽管人类显示出一种固定的24小时作息模式，每个人各自的高峰和低谷却有着明显的差异。
对一些人来说，他们在白天很早的时候就达到清醒状态的高峰，而睡眠的低谷也在入夜后早早到来。
这些都是“晨型人”，大约占总人口数的40%。
另一些人则是“夜型人”，约占人口总数的30%。
他们更喜欢很晚入睡，第二天上午很晚才起，甚至下午才起床。
24小时生物时钟坐落在大脑中央一处被称为“视交叉上核”的地方。
你的视交叉上核通过一个叫作褪黑激素的循环信使，将它的日夜反复的信号传递给你的大脑和身体。
褪黑激素的作用就像一个强有力的扩音器，向大脑和身体大声喊出一个明确的信息：“天黑啦，天黑啦！”这时，我们就收到了一份进入夜间的通知，也就是一个着手安排睡眠时间的生物命令。
但是褪黑激素对睡眠本身的形成几乎不产生影响。
湖南省师大附中2014届高三上学期第一次月考生物试题 word版含答案
湖南师大附中2014届高三月考试卷（一）生 物一．选择题（每小题2分，共36分）1．某化合物含C 、H 、O 、N 、S 等元素，下列哪项最不可能．．．是它的功能 （ ）A ．在特定位点上切割基因B ．抵抗病毒引起的感染C ．促进新陈代谢、使机体产热增加、促进生长发育D ．降低血糖2.下列与“同位素标记法”有关的说法正确的是 ( )A.用15N 标记核苷酸探明了分裂期染色体形态和数目的变化规律B.用18O 分别标记H 2O 和CO 2，分析释放的氧气，证明了CO 2是光合作用的原料C.用35S 标记噬菌体的DNA 并以此侵染细菌证明了DNA 是遗传物质D.用14C 标记CO 2最终探明了CO 2中的碳元素在光合作用中的转移途径3．下列生物学实验的原理、技术或方法正确的是（ ）A ．“观察DNA 和RNA 在细胞中的分布”实验步骤为：制作装片→水解→染色→冲洗→观察B ．斐林试剂与双缩脲试剂的配方完全相同C ．NaOH 溶液在大小不同的琼脂块内扩散的速率相同D ．用荧光标记的小鼠细胞和人细胞融合的实验证明细胞膜上的所有分子都可以随意运动4．某50肽中有丙氨酸(R 基为—CH 3)4个，现脱掉其中的丙氨酸(相应位置如图)得到4条多肽链和5个氨基酸(脱下的氨基酸均以游离态正常存在)。
下列有关叙述错误的是( )A ．该50肽水解得到的几种有机物比原50肽增加了4个氧原子B ．若将得到的5个氨基酸缩合成5肽，则有5种不同的氨基酸序列C ．若新生成的4条多肽链总共有5个羧基，那么其中必有1个羧基在R 基上D ．若将新生成的4条多肽链重新连接成一条长链将脱去3个H 2O5.6．下列模式图表示几种细胞器,有关说法正确的是A ．A 、B 、C 、D 、E 、F 中都含有蛋白质 B ．绿色植物的细胞都含有A 、C 、D 、E 、F C ．B 、E 分别是动、植物细胞特有的细胞器 D ．F 与D 间的相互转化能体现生物膜的流动性7.对绿色植物细胞某细胞器组成成分进行分析，发现A 、T 、C 、G 、U 五种碱基的相对含量分别约为35％、0、30％、20％、15％，则该细胞器能完成的生理活动是（ ）A. 吸收氧气，进行有氧呼吸B.发出星射线，形成纺锤体C. 结合mRNA,合成蛋白质D.吸收并转换光能，完成光合作用放大A B C D E F加入ATP 加入某药物 注入24Na +时间1 22 溶液中 的量 24Na + 1 0 + 8．细胞是生物体结构和功能的基本单位。
2014年高考湖南师大附中2014届高三第六次月考
2014年高考（130）湖南师大附中2014届高三第六次月考高考模拟2014-02-26 2150湖南师大附中2014届高三月考试卷（六）语文试题一、语言文字运用（12分，每小题3分）1．下列词语中，加点的字读音全都正确的一项是A．躯壳（qiào）横财（hãng）倾轧（yà）乘人之危（chãng）B．勾当（gòu）沏茶（qī）胡诌（zhōu）自怨自艾（yì）C．间距（jiān）稽首（jī）蜃景（shân）翘首以待（qiáo）D．道观（guàn）着落（zhuó）龟裂（jūn）荷枪实弹（hã）2．下列词语中没有错别字的一项是A．编篡节骨眼和盘托出计日成功B．祛除泊来品铃牙俐齿焚膏继晷C．统制手榴弹绿草如茵万事亨通D．缜密绊脚石翻云覆雨改弦更张3．下列各句中，没有语病的一项是A．北京警方启动代号为“平安春运”的春运安全保卫，对铁道、公路、民航的客流进行动态监测，一旦发生旅客、车辆滞留，将增派警力进行疏导。
B．中韩两国在经济上关系密切，据韩国知识经济部发布的最新数据显示，2014年中韩贸易总额达到2139.2亿美元，占韩国全年贸易总额的19.77%。
C．广电总局下发管理办法，要求全国各地电视台自2014年1月起，每集电视剧中间不得再以任何形式插播广告。
这一规定能更好地满足观众的愿望。
D．奇幻文学之所以能得到广大读者的喜爱，是因为正义战胜邪恶、英雄创造历史的主旋律，正好暗合了人们心灵深处对英雄的呼唤，对正义的渴望。
4．在两个横横线处，分别填入一句符合情境，富有寓意的话，最恰当的一项是孩子手拿一个橘子问：“妈妈，橘子为什么不能拿来就吃，先要剥皮，这么麻烦呢？”妈妈说：：“孩子，那是橘子在告诉你：①。
”孩子又问：“妈妈，橘子的果肉为什么是分成一小块一小块的，而不是一个完整的呢？”妈妈说：“孩子，那是橘子承告诉你：②。
湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2025届高三上学期月考(二)语文+答案
炎德·英才大联考长郡中学2025届高三月考试卷(二)语文本试卷共四道大题，23道小题。
时量150分钟，满分150分。
一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5小题，19分)阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。
材料一：我们要理解中国传统的山水眼光，进而用这种眼光观看我们周围的真山真水。
什么是山水的眼光? 中国画家画一座山，通常先在山脚下住一段时间，在山腰又住一段时间，山前山后来回跑，又无数次登上山岭远望，最后整座山了然于心，待要画时，和盘托出。
一画之中，山脚与山体俱见，山前和山后齐观，巅顶与群峦并立，这就是所谓的“高远、深远、平远”。
不为透视所拘，不受视域所限，山水草木一例相看，烟云山壑腾挪反转。
古人把这种方法称为饱游而饫看，游目而骋怀。
山水眼光是一种不唯一时一侧的观看，更是将观看化入胸壑，化成天地综观的感性方式。
山止川行，风禾尽起。
中国人的内心始终有一种根深蒂固的山水依恋。
何谓“山”?山者，宣也。
宣气散，万物生。
山代表着大地之气的宣散，代表着宇宙生机的根源，故而山主生，呈现为一种升势。
何谓“水”? 水者，准也。
“上善若水，水善利万物而不争。
”相对山，水主德，呈现为平势、和势。
正是这种山水之势在开散与聚合之中，在提按与起落之中，起承转合，趋背相异，从而演练与展现出万物的不同情态、不同气韵。
山水非一物，山水是万物，它本质上是一个世界观，是一种关于世界的综合性的“谛视”。
所谓“谛视”，就是超越一个人瞬间感受的意念，依照生命经验之总体而构成的完整世界图景。
这种图景是山水的人文世界，是山水的“谛视”者将其一生的历练与胸怀置入山水云霭的聚散之中，将现实的起落、冷暖、抑扬、明暗纳入内心的观照之中，形成“心与物游”的存在。
多年前，我曾在台北故宫博物院欣赏北宋郭熙的《早春图》。
我在这里看到一片奇幻的山壑被一层层的烟云包裹着，宁静而悠远，峻拔而生机勃勃。
这是早春即将来临之时的山中景象——冬去春来，大地苏醒，山间浮动着淡淡的雾气，传出春天的消息。
湖南师范大学附属中学2024届高三第三次测评语文试卷含解析
湖南师范大学附属中学2024届高三第三次测评语文试卷考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。
2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。
3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
1、阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
自古以来，英雄都是民族精神重要而具体的体现，是弥足珍贵的精神财富。
尊崇英雄，捍卫英烈尊严也是人类一种最深沉的情感。
2018年5月1日起，《中华人民共和国英雄烈士保护法》正式施行，这标志着保护英烈已经纳入法治化轨道，守护和赓续英烈精神已经成为全社会的神圣职责。
同时，2018年5月7日印发的《社会主义核心价值观融入法治建设立法修法规划》强调，要制定英雄烈士保护方面的法律，形成崇尚、捍卫、学习、关爱英雄烈士的良好社会风尚。
这些都是我们赓续英烈精神的重要举措。
赓续英烈精神，就要以社会主义核心价值观引领立法。
任何法律规范都是以实现特定的价值观为目的，政治价值的稳定存在，是凝聚国家共同体信仰的基础。
《社会主义核心价值观融入法治建设立法修法规划》强调，坚持社会主义核心价值体系，着力把社会主义核心价值观融入法律法规的立改废释全过程，确保各项立法导向更加鲜明、要求更加明确、措施更加有力。
英雄烈士事迹和精神是中华民族的共同记忆和社会主义核心价值观的重要体现。
制定英烈保护法，表明了我们捍卫英雄烈士、弘扬社会主义核心价值观的鲜明导向。
英烈保护法明确规定，国家和人民永远尊崇、铭记英雄烈士为国家、人民和民族作出的牺牲和贡献。
这一规定，彰显了国家对主流价值观的维护，让为英雄正名的行为有法可依,顺应了广大人民的普遍愿望，体现了社会主义核心价值观的基本要求。
英烈保护法的颁布实施，其目的就在于强化人们遵守社会基本的道德规则，让英烈精神融入血脉、内化为文化自觉、凝聚为投身新时代中国特色社会主义事业的奋斗力量。
湖南省师大附中高三上学期第一次月考语文试题 word版含答案
湖南师大附中2014届第一次月考语文试题（默写范围：必修5、《中国古代诗歌散文欣赏》）本试卷共7道大题，21道小题（2道选做题任选1小题）。
时量150分钟，满分150分。
一、语言文字运用(12分，每小题3分)1．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是A．翌．年(yì) 癸．巳(guǐ) 纨绔．子弟（kù）锲．而不舍(qì)B．字帖．(tiě) 别．扭(biè) 一曝．十寒( pù) 数见不鲜．( xiān) C．档．案(dàng) 笑靥．(yè) 返璞．归真(pú) 高屋建瓴．(líng) D．汾．酒(fén) 俯瞰．(kàn) 阖．家欢乐(hé) 惊魂甫．定(bǔ) 2．下列词语中没有．．错别字的一组是A．沏茶哈蜜瓜振振聋发聩绿草如茵B．幅射一炷香蓬荜生辉鳞次栉比、C．譬喻照相机急流勇进竭泽而鱼D．发轫文绉绉置若罔闻光风霁月3．下面语段中画线的词语，使用不恰当．．．的一项是我认为人最大的悲哀是无聊，患上漠不关心的冷淡症，套上自命不凡的枷锁，在专业、行业和权力的高位上，掌控庞大的社会资源和机会，却失去重心。
那些沉醉在过往，滞在今日，那些对社会问题视而不见、无关痛痒的借口大王，一定被社会唾弃和淘汰。
A．自命不凡B．沉醉C．无关痛痒D．唾弃4．依次填入下面横线处的语句，最恰当的一组是别的故都，把历史浓缩到宫殿；而南京，把历史溶解于自然。
，。
，，，大大方方地敞开一派山水，让人去读解中国历史的大课题。
①南京既不铺张也不拥挤②也不存在可以舍弃历史的游玩③在南京，不存在纯粹学术性的参观④杭州是过于拥挤的沉淀⑤北京是过于铺张的聚集A．①④⑤②③B．③②④⑤①C．③②⑤④①D．③②①④⑤二、文言文阅读（22分。
其中，选择题12分，每小题3分；翻译题10分）阅读下面的文言文，完成5~9题。
迁之所记，从汉元至武以绝，则其功也。
炎德英才大联考 湖南师大附中2024届高三月考试卷(三)语文
炎德英才大联考湖南师大附中2024届高三月考试卷(三)语文高三语文试题一、选择题（每题3分，共15分）1.下列词语中，加点的字读音全都正确的一组是：A.悼念（dào）慰藉（jiè）冗长（rǒng）B.岑寂（cén）笑靥（yè）寒噤（jìng）C.愀然（qiǎo）踯躅（zhú）踌躇（chú）D.镌刻（juān）蹒跚（shān）戕害（qiāng）2.下列各句中，加点成语使用恰当的一句是：A.这部电视剧虽然遭到了一些人的批评，但批评者认为，作者的创作态度是严谨的，是值得肯定的。
B.某些领导干部的言行背离了党的原则和政策，人民的批评呼声此起彼伏，不绝如缕。
C.文学创作中，许多才华横溢的作家笔走龙蛇，创作出了一幅幅美轮美奂的画卷。
D.张厂长的一席话起到了抛砖引玉的作用，引出了许多抓好产品质量的好建议。
3.下列句子中，没有语病的一句是：A.在激烈的市场竞争中，我们所缺乏的，一是勇气不足，二是谋略不当。
B.这篇通讯报道了一位共产党员为民谋利益的先进事迹。
C.三年来的“旅游兴市”竟成为今天发展阻碍的根源，这是地方政府当初始料未及的。
D.投资环境的好坏，服务质量的优劣，政府公务人员素质的高低，都是地区经济健康发展的重要保证。
4.下列文学常识的表述，不正确的一项是：A.苏轼，字子瞻，号东坡居士，宋代文学家、书画家，是“唐宋八大家”之一。
B.柳永，北宋词人，字耆卿，他的词多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤长于抒写羁旅行役之情。
C.《红楼梦》是中国古代四大名著之一，清代作家曹雪芹所著，原名《石头记》，该书以贾宝玉、林黛玉、薛宝钗的爱情悲剧为线索，写了一个封建大家族的衰亡史。
D.《楚辞》是我国古代的一部诗歌总集，由西汉刘向编订，收录了战国时期楚国屈原、宋玉等人的作品。
5.下列句子中，标点符号使用正确的一项是：A.“大桥就要通车了，”他环视了一下会场说：“请大家咬紧牙关，作最后的冲刺。
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湖南师大附中2014届高三第三次月考试题高三语文试卷（满分150分）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(阅读题)和第Ⅱ卷(表达题)两部分。
其中第Ⅰ卷第三、四大题为选考题，其它题为必考题。
第Ⅰ卷阅读题(70分)甲必考题一、现代文阅读(9分，每小题3分) 阅读下面的文字，完成1–3题王维的“名大家”明清诗论中对王维“名大家”的特殊定位不仅是介乎“大家”和“名家”之间的调和性观点，更是王维诗歌的独特成就在传统诗学批评标准之下的特殊境遇之写照。
中国历代诗学在评定一流大诗人的具体标准上存在着一些细微差异，但基本要求一致，即人格高尚、才大力雄、超越时代、泽被后世。
其中，道德标准是成为伟大作家的首要条件，古今中外概莫能外。
“伟大”不仅取决于文学艺术作品本身所表现出的审美价值和思想意义，还取决于作家本人在为人行事方面的崇高和磊落。
杜甫得到“诗圣”的桂冠和普遍的尊奉主要就出于这种观念，所谓“论诗者观其大节而已”。
同样，王维被主流诗学排除在“大家”之外的首要原因也就是其气节人格不够符合儒家正统思想。
王维笃信佛教，不是“醇儒”，所谓“耽禅味而忘诗教，此《三百篇》之罪人矣”。
“陷贼”事件又于大节有亏，宋人对王维的指摘就是典型论调。
而王维的拥护者为了提升王维的地位，首先做的就是强化王维诗歌的伦理道德色彩。
如推尊王维为唐诗正宗的赵殿成在《王右丞诗笺注.序》中努力为王维“陷贼“事件辩诬，强调王维的立身大节以及其诗中”有得于古者诗教之旨”和“温柔敦厚”的一面，都是为了确立王维一流“大家”的诗歌地位。
兼容并蓄，富于学力，气骨沉雄，也是取得“大家”资格的必备条件。
这从宋人以杜甫的“集大成”作为“入圣”的重要条件亦可见出，明代诗学的“格调派”也是以此推尊李、杜为“大家”。
王维之所以“大家不足”，主要是其诗歌表现出的自然情韵与主流诗学倡导的学养和骨力之间的差距。
由于重学力格调，轻自然情韵的思想在诗学传统中长期居于主导地位，代表王维诗歌艺术特色的山水短章向来被视为诗歌正统之外的“一偏”，以至于清初王士祯为了抬高王维的地位，也要强调王维诗歌中的“沉着痛快”。
清中叶以后，以翁方纲“肌理说”为代表的崇尚学力的“宗宋派”更是逐渐占据上风，对唐诗质实的一面的重视远胜于对其情韵的关注。
在这种诗学背景下，王维显然是难以位列“大家”的，即使有王士祯倡导“神韵说”而独尊王维，仍无力颠覆诗学传统中的“大家”观念。
在这里，王士祯明确指出以杜甫、苏轼为代表的“长江大河”是“大家”之境，以谢朓、何逊、王维、孟浩然、韦应物为代表的“澄泽灵沼”之境是“名家”之境。
然而，论者也普遍感到，与诸“名家”相比，王维有不少接近于“大家”标准的地方，因此，仅以“名家”目之似不太切当：一方面“唐人诸体诗都臻工妙者，惟王摩诘一人”;另一方面，王维在“学问”“才力”方面都超出侪辈。
(有删改)1.下列对“大家”这一概念理解和分析，不正确的一项是( )(3分)A.“大家”必须符合传统诗学批评的标准，这些标准的基本要求历代没有变化。
B.成为“大家”的首要条件是道德标准要高，即人格的高尚。
C. 兼容并蓄，富于学历，气骨沉雄，也是取得“大家”资格的必备条件。
D.成为“大家”不仅要在为人行事方面崇高和磊落，更主要的还是要有优秀的文学作品。
2.下列对王维被排除在“大家”之外的原因的分析和理解，不正确的一项是()(3分)A.王维在气节、人格上不符合儒家的正统思想。
B. 王维笃信佛教，不是“醇儒”，“耽禅味而忘诗教”。
C.王维因为“陷贼”事件在大节上有亏，被后人排斥于“大家”之外。
D.代表王维诗歌艺术成就的是山水诗，而这些诗被视为诗歌正统之外的“一偏”。
3.下列对文章的理解和分析，不正确的一项( )(3分)A.赵殿成推尊王维为唐诗正宗，并说王维诗“温柔敦厚”，都是为了确立王维一流“大家”的诗歌地位。
B. 王维被明清诗学批评家称为“名大家”,是因为王维的文学才华介于“大家”和“名家”之间。
C.王维被认为“大家不足”，主要原因是其诗歌表现的自然神韵与主流诗学倡导的内容有区别。
D.客观地说，王维在很多方面是符合“大家”标准的，比如其“学问”“才力”等都超过了当时的许多诗人二.古代诗文阅读(19分)㈠阅读下面的文言文，完成4-----7题。
张雄飞，字鹏举，琅琊临沂人。
至元二年，廉希宪荐之于世祖，召见，陈当世之务，世祖大说。
授同知平阳路转运司事，搜挟蠹弊，悉除之。
帝问处士罗英，谁可大用者，对曰：“张雄飞真公辅器。
”帝然之，命驿召雄飞至。
十六年，拜御史中丞，行御史台事。
阿合马以子忽辛为中书右丞，行省江淮，恐不为所容，改陕西汉中道提刑按察使。
未行，阿合马死，朝臣皆以罪去。
拜参知政事。
阿合马用事日久，卖官鬻狱，纪纲大坏，雄飞乃先自降一阶，于是侥幸超躐者皆降之。
忽辛有罪，敕中贵人及中书杂问，忽辛历指宰执曰：“汝曾使我家钱物，何得问我!”雄飞曰：“我曾受汝家钱物否？”曰：“惟公独否。
”雄飞曰：“如是，则我当问汝矣。
”忽辛遂伏辜。
二十一年春，上与朝臣议大赦天下，雄飞谏曰：“古人言：无赦之国，其刑必平。
故赦者，不平之政也，圣明在上，岂宜数赦？”帝嘉纳之，语雄飞日：“大猎而后见善射，集议而后知能言，汝所言者是。
朕今从汝。
”遂降轻刑之诏。
雄飞刚直廉慎，始终不易其节。
尝坐省中，诏趣召之，见于便殿，谓雄飞日：“若卿可谓真廉者矣。
闻卿贫甚，今特赐卿银二千五百两、钞二千五百贯。
”雄飞拜谢，将出，又诏加赐金五十两及金酒器。
雄飞受赐，封识藏于家。
后阿合马之党以雄飞罢政，诣省乞追夺赐物，裕宗在东宫闻之，命参政温迪罕谕丞相安童曰：“上所以赐张雄飞者，旌其廉也，毋为小人所诈。
”塔即古阿散请检核前省钱谷，复用阿合马之党，竞矫诏追夺之。
塔即古阿散等俄以罪诛，帝虑校核失当，命近臣伯颜阅之。
中书左丞耶律老哥劝雄飞诣伯颜自辨，雄飞曰：“上以老臣廉，故赐臣，然臣未尝敢轻用，而封识以俟者，正虞今日耳，又可自辨乎?”二十一年，卢世荣以言利进用，雄飞与诸执政同日皆罢。
二十三年，起为燕南河北道宣慰使，决壅滞，黜奸贪，政化大行。
卒于官。
（选自《元史•张雄飞传》，有删节）4．对下列句子中加点词语的解释，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．忽辛遂伏辜。
辜：罪B．十六年，拜御史中丞。
拜：拜见C．阿合马用事日久，卖官鬻狱。
用事：掌权D．雄飞受赐，封识藏于家。
识：作标记5．下列四组中，能直接表现张雄飞清廉能干的一组是（3分）（）①搜挟蠹敝，悉除之②张雄飞真公辅器③惟公独否④雄飞受赐，封识藏于家⑤决壅滞，默奸贪⑥汝所言者是，朕今从汝A．①③⑥B．②③⑤C．①④⑤D．②④⑥6．下列对原文有关内容的理解，不正确的一项是（3分）（）A．张雄飞受廉希宪推荐，世祖召见他，他陈述了当时国家要做的最重要的事情，世祖很高兴，授予他同知平阳路转运司的职务。
B．阿合马让自己的儿子忽辛担任中书右丞，巡视管理江淮一带的事务，阿合马担心儿子不被张雄飞容纳，就让儿子改任陕西汉中道提刑按察使。
C．忽辛犯罪，世祖令中贵人和中书省官员一起审问，忽辛说审问的官员都曾经收受过忽辛家的钱物，只有张雄飞没有收过。
D．塔即古阿散等人因犯罪被杀后，皇帝考虑到阿合马的余党检查核实有误，命令参政温迪罕、耶律老哥复查，张雄飞没有听从耶律老哥的建议辨白。
7.把下面划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语（10分）：①上所以赐张雄飞者，旌其廉也，毋为小人所诈。
_____________________________________________________________________（4分）②上以老臣廉，故赐臣，然臣未尝敢轻用，而封识以俟者，正虞今日耳，又可自辨乎? ________________________________________________________________________（6分）㈡古代诗歌阅读(11分)阅读下面诗歌，完成8----9题。
待储光羲不至[唐.王维]重门朝已启，起坐听车声。
要欲闻清佩，方将出户迎。
晚钟鸣上苑，疏雨过春城。
了自不相顾，临堂空复情。
[注]要欲：好像。
了自：已经明了。
8. 全诗表达了一种什么样的感情？作者是通过什么表现手法来表达这种感情的？请结合作品作简要分析。
(6分)9. 你认为尾联中哪个字用得好，请赏析。
（5分）（三）名篇名句默写（5分）10. 补写出下列名篇名句中得空缺部分（5分）①元嘉草草，封狼居胥，________________ 。
（《永遇乐京口北固亭怀古》）②乱石穿空，____________ ，卷起千堆雪。
（《念奴娇赤壁怀古》）③背负青天，______________，而后乃今将图南。
④___________ ，而后人哀之；后人哀之而不鉴之，亦使后人而复哀后人也。
《阿房宫赋》⑤_____________ ，只是朱颜改。
《虞美人》乙选考题请考生在第三、四两大题中选定其中一大题作答。
注意只能做所选定大题内的小题，不得选做另一大题内的小题。
如果多做，则按所做的第一大题计分。
三、文学类文本阅读《25分)11.阅读下面的文字，完成(1)-(4)题。
(25分)爷爷的毡靴（俄）普里什文我记得很清楚，爷爷那双毡靴已经穿了十来个年头。
而在有我之前他还穿了多少年，可就说不上了。
有好多次，他忽然间看看自己的脚说：“毡靴又穿破啦，得打个掌啦。
”于是他从集上买来一小片毛毡，剪成靴掌，上上——结果毡靴又能穿了，跟崭新的一般。
好几个年头就这么过去了，我不禁思忖着：世间万物都有尽时，一切都会消亡，唯独爷爷的毡靴永世长存。
不料，爷爷的一双腿得了严重的酸痛病。
爷爷从没闹过病，如今却呻唤不舒服起来，甚至还请了医生。
“你这是冷水引起的，”医生说，“你应该停止打鱼。
”“我全靠打鱼过日子呀，”爷爷回答道，“脚不沾水我可办不到。
”“不沾水办不到么，”医士给他出了个主意，“那就在下水的时候把毡靴穿上吧。
”这个主意可帮了爷爷的大忙：腿痛病好啦。
只是打这以后爷爷娇气起来了，定要穿上毡靴才下河，靴子当然就一个劲儿地尽在水底的石头子儿上打磨。
这一来毡靴可损坏得厉害啦，不光是底子，就连底子往上拐弯儿的地方，全都出现了裂纹。
我心想：世上万物总归有个尽头，毡靴也不可能给爷爷用个没完没了——这不，它快完啦。
人们纷纷指着毡靴，对爷爷说：“老爷子，也该叫你的这毡靴退休啦，该送给乌鸦造窝儿去啦。
”才不是那么回事儿呢！爷爷为了不让雪钻进裂缝，把毡靴往水里浸了浸，再往冰天雪地里一放。
大冷的天，不消说毡靴缝里的水一下子就上了冻，冰把缝子封得牢牢的。
接着爷爷又把毡靴往水里浸了一遍，结果整个毡靴面子上全蒙了一层冰。
瞧吧，这下子毡靴变得可暖和结实了：我亲自穿过爷爷的那毡靴，在一片冬天不封冻的水草滩里来回淌，啥事儿也没有……于是我重又产生了那种想法：说不定，爷爷的毡靴就是永远不会完结。
但是有一次，我爷爷不巧生了病。